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Dressler EA, Bormann JM, Weaber RL, Rolf MM. Use of methane production data for genetic prediction in beef cattle: A review. Transl Anim Sci 2024; 8:txae014. [PMID: 38371425 PMCID: PMC10872685 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Methane (CH4) is a greenhouse gas that is produced and emitted from ruminant animals through enteric fermentation. Methane production from cattle has an environmental impact and is an energetic inefficiency. In the beef industry, CH4 production from enteric fermentation impacts all three pillars of sustainability: environmental, social, and economic. A variety of factors influence the quantity of CH4 produced during enteric fermentation, including characteristics of the rumen and feed composition. There are several methodologies available to either quantify or estimate CH4 production from cattle, all with distinct advantages and disadvantages. Methodologies include respiration calorimetry, the sulfur-hexafluoride tracer technique, infrared spectroscopy, prediction models, and the GreenFeed system. Published studies assess the accuracy of the various methodologies and compare estimates from different methods. There are advantages and disadvantages of each technology as they relate to the use of these phenotypes in genetic evaluation systems. Heritability and variance components of CH4 production have been estimated using the different CH4 quantification methods. Agreement in both the amounts of CH4 emitted and heritability estimates of CH4 emissions between various measurement methodologies varies in the literature. Using greenhouse gas traits in selection indices along with relevant output traits could provide producers with a tool to make selection decisions on environmental sustainability while also considering productivity. The objective of this review was to discuss factors that influence CH4 production, methods to quantify CH4 production for genetic evaluation, and genetic parameters of CH4 production in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Dressler
- Kansas State University, Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Jennifer M Bormann
- Kansas State University, Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Robert L Weaber
- Kansas State University, Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Megan M Rolf
- Kansas State University, Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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2
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Evans MG, Campbell JC, Ribeiro GO, Henry DH, Waldner C, Penner GB. Effect of water sulfate and dietary bismuth subsalicylate on feed and water intake, ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration, and trace-mineral status of growing beef heifers. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae031. [PMID: 38300904 PMCID: PMC10889742 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In the Northern Great Plains, cattle may be exposed to water with an elevated sulfate concentration resulting in ruminal hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and risk of copper deficiency. There are currently few strategies available to help mitigate effects arising from high-sulfate water (HS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding a moderate-forage diet with or without bismuth subsalicylate (BSS; 0.0% vs. 0.4% DM basis) when provided water with a low- (LS; 346 ± 13) or HS (4,778 ± 263 mg/L) concentration on feed and water intake, ruminal H2S concentration, and liver and serum trace-mineral concentrations. Twenty-four Limousin × Simmental cross beef heifers (221 ± 41 kg) were stratified based on initial liver Cu into a completely randomized block design with a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Feed and water intake (measured weekly), ruminal H2S concentration (measured on days 42 and 91), liver (measured on days -13 and 91), and serum trace-mineral concentrations (measured on days 1, 28, 56, and 91) were evaluated. Initial liver trace-mineral concentrations were used as a covariate in the statistical model. Water intake tended to be reduced with the inclusion of BSS (P = 0.095) but was not affected by water sulfate (P = 0.40). Water sulfate and BSS did not affect dry matter intake (DMI; P ≥ 0.89). Heifers consuming HS had a ruminal H2S concentration that was 1.58 mg/L more (P < 0.001) than LS. The inclusion of BSS reduced (P = 0.035) ruminal H2S concentration by more than 44% (1.35 vs. 0.75 mg/L). Regardless of the water sulfate concentration, heifers fed BSS had lesser liver Cu concentration (average of 4.08 mg/kg) than heifers not provided BSS, and when not provided BSS, HS had lesser Cu than LS (42.2 vs. 58.3; sulfate × BSS, P = 0.019). The serum concentration of Cu did not differ over time for heifers not provided BSS; whereas, heifers provided BSS had lesser serum Cu concentration on day 91 than on days 28 and 55 (BSS × time, P < 0.001). The liver concentration of selenium was reduced (P < 0.001) with BSS inclusion but the selenium concentration in serum was not affected by sulfate, BSS, or time (P ≥ 0.16). BSS reduced ruminal H2S concentration, but depleted liver Cu and Se. Moreover, sulfate concentration in water did not appear to affect DMI, water intake, or growth, but increased ruminal H2S and reduced liver Cu concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela G Evans
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
| | - John C Campbell
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
| | - Gabriel O Ribeiro
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
| | | | - Cheryl Waldner
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
| | - Gregory B Penner
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, CanadaS7N 5A8
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3
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Influences of increasing levels of sulfate in drinking water on the intake and use of low-quality forages by beef cattle. APPLIED ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.15232/aas.2022-02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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4
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Cheng L, Cantalapiedra-Hijar G, Meale SJ, Rugoho I, Jonker A, Khan MA, Al-Marashdeh O, Dewhurst RJ. Review: Markers and proxies to monitor ruminal function and feed efficiency in young ruminants. Animal 2021; 15:100337. [PMID: 34537442 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing the rumen's capacity to utilise recalcitrant and low-value feed resources is important for ruminant production systems. Early-life nutrition and management practices have been shown to influence development of the rumen in young animals with long-term consequences on their performance. Therefore, there has been increasing interest to understand ruminal development and function in young ruminants to improve feed efficiency, health, welfare, and performance of both young and adult ruminants. However, due to the small size, rapid morphological changes and low initial microbial populations of the rumen, it is difficult to study ruminal function in young ruminants without major invasive approaches or slaughter studies. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of a range of proxies and markers to monitor ruminal function and nitrogen use efficiency (a major part of feed efficiency) in young ruminants. Breath sulphide and methane emissions showed the greatest potential as simple markers of a developing microbiota in young ruminants. However, there is only limited evidence for robust indicators of feed efficiency at this stage. The use of nitrogen isotopic discrimination based on plasma samples appeared to be the most promising proxy for feed efficiency in young ruminants. More research is needed to explore and refine potential proxies and markers to indicate ruminal function and feed efficiency in young ruminants, particularly for neonatal ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cheng
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Dookie Campus, 3647 Victoria, Australia.
| | - G Cantalapiedra-Hijar
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, F-63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - S J Meale
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343 Queensland, Australia
| | - I Rugoho
- Lely Australia Pty Ltd, 84 Agar Drive, Truganina 3029, Victoria, Australia
| | - A Jonker
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - M A Khan
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - O Al-Marashdeh
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, P.O. Box 85084, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - R J Dewhurst
- Scotland's Rural College, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
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5
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Diet selection of white-tailed deer supports the nutrient balance hypothesis. Behav Processes 2020; 179:104196. [PMID: 32710993 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Herbivores must navigate a heterogeneous matrix of nutrients in plant communities to meet physiological requirements. Given that the only difference between an essential nutrient and a toxin is the concentration in the herbivores diet, heterogeneity of nutrient concentrations in plant communities likely force wild herbivores to balance intake of abundant nutrients that may reach toxic levels with the need to meet nutritional demands of rare nutrients (i.e., nutrient balance hypothesis). While this hypothesis has been demonstrated in controlled studies with captive herbivores, experiments testing the nutrient balance hypothesis with wild herbivores are rare. We designed a cafeteria-style experiment to measure use of forages with differing nutritional compositions by wild white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to test the nutrient balance hypothesis. We predicted deer diet selection would be explained by attraction to some nutrients and avoidance of others. Deer selected forages with low sulfur concentrations, a nutrient that commonly reaches toxic levels in herbivores. However, deer secondarily selected forages with greater digestibility and crude protein. Thus, our data indicate that the nutrient balance hypothesis may explain diet selection in wild herbivores where they avoid reaching toxicity of abundant nutrients while secondarily maximizing intake of limiting nutrients.
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McDevitt B, McLaughlin MC, Vinson DS, Geeza TJ, Blotevogel J, Borch T, Warner NR. Isotopic and element ratios fingerprint salinization impact from beneficial use of oil and gas produced water in the Western U.S. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:137006. [PMID: 32069772 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinization of global freshwater resources is a concerning health and economic issue of the 21st century and requires serious management and study to understand how, and by what mechanism, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is changing in major watersheds. Oil and gas (O&G) produced water is a complex and saline (10-300 g/L TDS) wastewater often disposed to surface waters post-treatment. However, in western U.S. states, beneficial use of minimally treated O&G produced water discharged to ephemeral streams is permitted through the USEPA National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) for agriculture and wildlife propagation. In a remote Wyoming study region, beneficial use of O&G NPDES effluents annually contributes 13 billion L of water to surface water resources. The primary O&G TDS constituents are sulfate and sodium followed by chloride and calcium. Significant TDS increases from 2013 to 2016 in a large perennial river (River C) impacted by O&G effluent disposal, slight TDS increases in a perennial river (River B) and chronically elevated TDS (upwards of 2500 mg/L) in a smaller tributary (Tributary A) comprised mainly of O&G effluents led to an investigation of O&G impacts to surface waters in the region. Chloride-normalized metal ratios such as Br/Cl and δ2H and δ18O distinguished evaporation as the mechanism for increasing TDS derived from O&G on Tributary A, which is causing O&G effluents that meet NPDES regulations to not only exceed outfall regulations downstream where it is beneficially used for irrigation and drinking water but also exceed aquatic life and livestock recommended limits. 87Sr/86Sr and δ34SSO4 suggested minor impacts from O&G TDS loading on River C but also support an additional salinity source, such as streambed geological controls, the cause of significantly increasing TDS. While lithium isotopes provided insight into the O&G effluent origin (δ7Li ranged 9-10‰) and water-sediment interactions along O&G effluent streams, they did not function as distinct salinity tracers in the larger downstream rivers. This study suggests a multi-isotope (87Sr/86Sr and δ34SSO4) approach is often necessary for fingerprinting salinization sources and determining best management practices because multiple salinity sources and environmental mechanisms may need to be identified to protect water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie McDevitt
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, United States of America
| | - Molly C McLaughlin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, United States of America
| | - David S Vinson
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, United States of America
| | - Thomas J Geeza
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, United States of America; EES-14, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States of America
| | - Jens Blotevogel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, United States of America
| | - Thomas Borch
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, United States of America; Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel R Warner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, United States of America.
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Ortiz J, Montaño M, Plascencia A, Salinas J, Torrentera N, Zinn RA. Influence of Kaolinite Clay Supplementation on Growth Performance and Digestive Function in Finishing Calf-fed Holstein Steers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 29:1569-1575. [PMID: 27165016 PMCID: PMC5088376 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to examine the influence of kaolinite clay supplementation (0%, 1%, or 2% diet dry matter [DM] basis) on characteristics of digestion (Trial 1) and growth performance (Trial 2) in calf-fed Holstein steers fed a finishing diet. In Trial 1, 6 Holstein steers (539±15 kg) with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used to evaluate treatment effects on characteristics of digestion. Kaolinite clay supplementation decreased total tract DM digestion (linear effect, p<0.01) without effects (p≥0.10) on site and extent of digestion of organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, starch and N, or ruminal microbial efficiency. There were no treatment effects on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acids molar proportions or estimated methane production. In Trial 2, 108 Holstein steers (132.4±5.6 kg) were used in a 308-d study to evaluate growth performance and carcass characteristics. There were no treatment effects (p>0.10) on average daily gain (ADG) and gain efficiency (ADG/dry matter intake). Kaolinite supplementation tended (linear effect, p = 0.08) to increase dietary net energy (NE) during the initial 112-d period. However, the overall (308-d) effect of supplementation dietary NE was not appreciable (p>0.20). However, due to the inertness of kaolinite, itself, the ratio of observed-to-expected dietary NE increased with kaolinite supplementation. This effect was more pronounced (linear effect, p 0.03) during the initial 224 d of the study. Overall (308 d), kaolinite supplementation tended to increase (linear effect, p = 0.07) dietary NE by 3% over expected. Kaolinite supplementation did not affect carcass weight, yield grade, longissimus area, kidney, pelvic and heart fat, and quality grade, but decreased (linear effect, p = 0.01) dressing percentage. It is concluded that kaolinite supplementation up to 2% of diet DM may enhance energetic efficiency of calf-fed Holstein steers in a manner independent of changes in characteristics of ruminal and total tract digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias, UABC, Mexicali, Baja California 21380, México
| | - Martín Montaño
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias, UABC, Mexicali, Baja California 21380, México
| | - Alejandro Plascencia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias, UABC, Mexicali, Baja California 21380, México
| | - Jaime Salinas
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia UAT, Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas 87000, México
| | - Noemí Torrentera
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias, UABC, Mexicali, Baja California 21380, México
| | - Richard A. Zinn
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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8
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Y. Hilal E, A. E. Elkhairey M, O. A. Osman A. The Role of Zinc, Manganse and Copper in Rumen Metabolism and Immune Function: A Review Article. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ojas.2016.64035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Ceacero F, Landete-Castillejos T, Olguín A, Miranda M, García A, Martínez A, Cassinello J, Miguel V, Gallego L. Avoiding toxic levels of essential minerals: a forgotten factor in deer diet preferences. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115814. [PMID: 25615596 PMCID: PMC4304801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ungulates select diets with high energy, protein, and sodium contents. However, it is scarcely known the influence of essential minerals other than Na in diet preferences. Moreover, almost no information is available about the possible influence of toxic levels of essential minerals on avoidance of certain plant species. The aim of this research was to test the relative importance of mineral content of plants in diet selection by red deer (Cervus elaphus) in an annual basis. We determined mineral, protein and ash content in 35 common Mediterranean plant species (the most common ones in the study area). These plant species were previously classified as preferred and non-preferred. We found that deer preferred plants with low contents of Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Cu, Sr and Zn. The model obtained was greatly accurate identifying the preferred plant species (91.3% of correct assignments). After a detailed analysis of these minerals (considering deficiencies and toxicity levels both in preferred and non-preferred plants) we suggest that the avoidance of excessive sulphur in diet (i.e., selection for plants with low sulphur content) seems to override the maximization for other nutrients. Low sulphur content seems to be a forgotten factor with certain relevance for explaining diet selection in deer. Recent studies in livestock support this conclusion, which is highlighted here for the first time in diet selection by a wild large herbivore. Our results suggest that future studies should also take into account the toxicity levels of minerals as potential drivers of preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ceacero
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Ethology, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomás Landete-Castillejos
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR), Albacete, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Augusto Olguín
- Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Córdoba, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - María Miranda
- Centre for African Ecology, School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Andrés García
- Sección de Recursos Cinegéticos y Ganaderos, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR), Albacete, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Alberto Martínez
- Laboratorio de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR), Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge Cassinello
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Valentín Miguel
- Laboratorio de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Instituto de Desarrollo Regional (IDR), Albacete, Spain
| | - Laureano Gallego
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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Drewnoski ME, Pogge DJ, Hansen SL. High-sulfur in beef cattle diets: A review. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:3763-80. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Drewnoski
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908
| | - D. J. Pogge
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - S. L. Hansen
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583-0908
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11
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Pogge DJ, Drewnoski ME, Hansen SL. Feeding ferric ammonium citrate to decrease the risk of sulfur toxicity: Effects on trace mineral absorption and status of beef steers. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:4005-13. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Pogge
- Department of Animal Science and Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, 50011
| | - M. E. Drewnoski
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 68583
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12
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Cao W, Dang Z, Yuan BL, Shen CH, Kan J, Xue XL. Sorption kinetics of sulphate ions on quaternary ammonium-modified rice straw. J IND ENG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Amat S, McKinnon JJ, Penner GB, Simko E, Hendrick S. Evaluation of mineral status in high dietary sulfur exposed or sulfur-induced polioencephalomalacia affected beef cattle. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas2013-110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Amat, S., McKinnon, J. J., Penner, G. B., Simko, E. and Hendrick, S. 2014. Evaluation of mineral status in high dietary sulfur exposed or sulfur-induced polioencephalomalacia affected beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 94: 139–149. We examined the mineral status in beef heifers fed high S containing diets with differing forage-to-concentrate ratio (F:C), and in S-induced polioencephalomalacia (PEM) affected feedlot steers. A metabolism trial was conducted as a randomized complete block design using a 2×2 factorial treatment arrangement with main effects of dietary S and F:C using 16 ruminally cannulated heifers. The F:C was modified by altering the proportion of barley silage (4 vs. 51% dry matter), whereas, the S content was modified by using differing sources of wheat dried distillers’ grains with solubles (WDDGS) to achieve low and high S diets (LS=0.30 vs. HS=0.67%). Minerals including Cu, Co, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn were determined from rumen fluid, blood, brain tissue and urine. Urinary mineral excretion was also assed. During the course of the metabolic trial, an outbreak of S-induced PEM in a commercial feedlot was documented and brain minerals of these PEM steers (n=4) were contrasted with the experimental heifers fed HS diet. There were no interactions between dietary S concentration and F:C (P>0.05). Heifers fed HS diet had reduced (P<0.05) mineral intakes (except for Mo), ruminal Co, Fe and Mn, and serum Mg and Fe relative to those fed LS diet. Heifers fed low F:C diet had reduced (P<0.05) Cu, Fe, Mo and Se intakes, greater (P<0.05) ruminal Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn, and reduced (P<0.05) serum Cu and Se, and greater (P<0.05) serum Mg than heifers fed high F:C diet. Brain minerals were not affected (P>0.05) by F:C or dietary S. However, the PEM brains had reduced Cu (P=0.058), Fe (P=0.003) and Mo (P<0.001) relative to normal brains. Dietary S and F:C did alter the mineral status of the heifers, but no deficiencies or PEM were induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Amat
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5B4
| | - J. J. McKinnon
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A8
| | - G. B. Penner
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A8
| | - E. Simko
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5B4
| | - S. Hendrick
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5B4
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14
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Amat S, McKinnon JJ, Penner GB, Hendrick S. Effects of dietary sulfur concentration and forage-to-concentrate ratio on ruminal fermentation, sulfur metabolism, and short-chain fatty acid absorption in beef heifers1. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:712-23. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Amat
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - J. J. McKinnon
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - G. B. Penner
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - S. Hendrick
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
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15
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Hristov AN, Oh J, Firkins JL, Dijkstra J, Kebreab E, Waghorn G, Makkar HPS, Adesogan AT, Yang W, Lee C, Gerber PJ, Henderson B, Tricarico JM. Special topics--Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from animal operations: I. A review of enteric methane mitigation options. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:5045-69. [PMID: 24045497 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review was to analyze published data related to mitigation of enteric methane (CH4) emissions from ruminant animals to document the most effective and sustainable strategies. Increasing forage digestibility and digestible forage intake was one of the major recommended CH4 mitigation practices. Although responses vary, CH4 emissions can be reduced when corn silage replaces grass silage in the diet. Feeding legume silages could also lower CH4 emissions compared to grass silage due to their lower fiber concentration. Dietary lipids can be effective in reducing CH4 emissions, but their applicability will depend on effects on feed intake, fiber digestibility, production, and milk composition. Inclusion of concentrate feeds in the diet of ruminants will likely decrease CH4 emission intensity (Ei; CH4 per unit animal product), particularly when inclusion is above 40% of dietary dry matter and rumen function is not impaired. Supplementation of diets containing medium to poor quality forages with small amounts of concentrate feed will typically decrease CH4 Ei. Nitrates show promise as CH4 mitigation agents, but more studies are needed to fully understand their impact on whole-farm greenhouse gas emissions, animal productivity, and animal health. Through their effect on feed efficiency and rumen stoichiometry, ionophores are likely to have a moderate CH4 mitigating effect in ruminants fed high-grain or mixed grain-forage diets. Tannins may also reduce CH4 emissions although in some situations intake and milk production may be compromised. Some direct-fed microbials, such as yeast-based products, might have a moderate CH4-mitigating effect through increasing animal productivity and feed efficiency, but the effect is likely to be inconsistent. Vaccines against rumen archaea may offer mitigation opportunities in the future although the extent of CH4 reduction is likely to be small and adaptation by ruminal microbes and persistence of the effect is unknown. Overall, improving forage quality and the overall efficiency of dietary nutrient use is an effective way of decreasing CH4 Ei. Several feed supplements have a potential to reduce CH4 emission from ruminants although their long-term effect has not been well established and some are toxic or may not be economically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Hristov
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802
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Drewnoski M, Hansen S. Effect of delaying the feeding of high sulfur until 28 days after adaptation to finishing diet on cattle intake, gain, and ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentrations. Livest Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Amat S, Olkowski AA, Atila M, O'Neill TJ. A review of polioencephalomalacia in ruminants: is the development of malacic lesions associated with excess sulfur intake independent of thiamine deficiency? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.7243/2054-3425-1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kessler KL, Olson KC, Wright CL, Austin KJ, Johnson PS, Cammack KM. Effects of supplemental molybdenum on animal performance, liver copper concentrations, ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentrations, and the appearance of sulfur and molybdenum toxicity in steers receiving fiber-based diets1. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:5005-12. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. L. Kessler
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071
| | - K. C. Olson
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - C. L. Wright
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - K. J. Austin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071
| | - P. S. Johnson
- Department of Natural Resources, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - K. M. Cammack
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071
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Richter EL, Drewnoski ME, Hansen SL. Effects of increased dietary sulfur on beef steer mineral status, performance, and meat fatty acid composition. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:3945-53. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Richter
- Department of Animal Science and Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - M. E. Drewnoski
- Department of Animal Science and Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - S. L. Hansen
- Department of Animal Science and Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
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Kessler KL, Olson KC, Wright CL, Austin KJ, McInnerney K, Johnson PS, Cockrum RR, Jons AM, Cammack KM. Effects of high-sulphur water on hepatic gene expression of steers fed fibre-based diets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2012; 97:838-45. [PMID: 22853431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2012.01327.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sulphur-induced polioencephalomalacia (sPEM), a neurological disorder affecting ruminants, is frequently associated with the consumption of high-sulphur (S) water and subsequent poor performance. Currently, there is no economical method for S removal from surface water sources, and alternative water sources are typically neither readily available nor cost-effective. Determination of genes differentially expressed in response to high-S water consumption may provide a better understanding of the physiology corresponding to high dietary S and ultimately lead to the development of treatment and prevention strategies. The objective of this study was to determine changes in gene expression in the liver, an organ important for S metabolism, of fibre-fed steers consuming high-S water. For this study, liver tissues were collected on the final day of a trial from yearling steers randomly assigned to low-S water control (566 mg/kg SO4 ; n = 24), high-S water (3651 mg/kg SO4 ; n = 24) or high-S water plus clinoptilolite supplemented at either 2.5% (n = 24) or 5.0% (n = 24) of diet dry matter (DM). Microarray analyses on randomly selected healthy low-S control (n = 4) and high-S (n = 4; no clinoptilolite) steers using the Affymetrix GeneChip Bovine Genome Array revealed 488 genes upregulated (p < 0.05) and 154 genes downregulated (p < 0.05) in response to the high- vs. low-S water consumption. Real-time RT-PCR confirmed the upregulation (p < 0.10) of seven genes involved in inflammatory response and immune functions. Changes in such genes suggest that ruminant animals administered high-S water may be undergoing an inflammation or immune response, even if signs of sPEM or compromised health are not readily observed. Further study of these, and other affected genes, may deliver new insights into the physiology underlying the response to high dietary S, ultimately leading to the development of treatments for high S-affected ruminant livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Kessler
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - K C Olson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - C L Wright
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - K J Austin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - K McInnerney
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - P S Johnson
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - R R Cockrum
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - A M Jons
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - K M Cammack
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA Department of Animal and Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
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Beltcheva M, Metcheva R, Popov N, Teodorova SE, Heredia-Rojas JA, Rodríguez-de la Fuente AO, Rodríguez-Flores LE, Topashka-Ancheva M. Modified natural clinoptilolite detoxifies small mammal's organism loaded with lead I. Lead disposition and kinetic model for lead bioaccumulation. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 147:180-8. [PMID: 22147334 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9278-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Zeolites, especially clinoptilolites, have wide application in removing heavy metals from different solutions and wastewater. The detoxification capacity of the clinoptilolite sorbent KLS-10-MA, a modified natural Bulgarian zeolite, applied as a food supplement in conditions of an ecotoxicological experiment with conventional food and lead was demonstrated for the first time. Laboratory mice, inbred imprinting control region strain, were used in a 90-day ecotoxicological experiment. Animals were divided into four experimental groups. Lead bioaccumulations in exposed and non-supplemented/supplemented with KLS-10-MA animals were compared. As additional control, healthy animals non-exposed to Pb were fed with conventional forage mixed with 12.5% KLS-10-MA. The dietary inclusion of the sorbent reduced Pb concentrations in exposed and supplemented mice by 84%, 89%, 91%, 77%, and 88% in carcass, liver, kidneys, bones, and feces, respectively. A mathematical model was proposed to outline the common trends of bone Pb bioaccumulation in exposed and non-supplemented/supplemented animals. Characteristic parameters of the kinetics of Pb concentrations were determined. Based on the model, the coefficient of absorption of Pb by gastrointestinal mucosa in the supplemented mice was found-η = 3.53% (versus η = 15% in non-supplemented ones). The present study clearly indicates that there is a realistic perspective to create a new drug based on modified natural clinoptilolites in cases of chronic heavy metal intoxication, without negatively affecting the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Beltcheva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Spears JW, Lloyd KE, Fry RS. Tolerance of cattle to increased dietary sulfur and effect of dietary cation-anion balance. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:2502-9. [PMID: 21383030 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) affects the concentration of S that can be tolerated by growing and finishing cattle without adversely affecting performance. Angus cross and Bradford steers (n=114; average initial BW=252.8 kg) were blocked by BW and breed, and randomly assigned within a block to treatment. The design was a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with S (from NH(4)SO(4)) supplemented at 0, 0.15, or 0.30% of DM, and NaHCO(3) added at 0 or 1.0% of DM. Each treatment consisted of 3 pens containing 5 steers and 1 pen containing 4 steers. Steers were used in an 84-d growing study followed by a finishing study. A corn silage-based diet was fed during the growing study and a corn-based diet was fed during the finishing study. Steers were not randomized between experiments. The analyzed concentrations of S in the growing diets were 0.12, 0.30, and 0.46%, whereas the analyzed concentrations of S in the finishing diets were 0.13, 0.31, and 0.46% for treatments supplemented with 0, 0.15, and 0.30% S, respectively. Increasing DCAB by approximately 15 mEq/100 g of DM, by the addition of NaHCO(3,) did not affect (P > 0.36) performance during the growing or finishing studies. During the growing study DMI was not affected (P=0.29) by dietary S. Steers fed diets containing 0.30% S had greater ADG (P=0.02) and G:F (P=0.01) than those receiving 0.46% S, but similar (P > 0.36) performance to steers fed 0.12% S. During the finishing study, steers fed diets containing 0.46% S had less ADG than steers fed 0.13 (P=0.004) or 0.31% S (P=0.07), whereas ADG did not differ (P=0.18) among steers fed 0.13 and 0.31% S. Steers fed diets containing 0.31 (P=0.01) or 0.46% S (P=0.001) had less DMI than controls, but G:F was not affected (P=0.52) by S during the finishing study. Carcass characteristics did not differ (P > 0.18) among steers fed diets containing 0.13 and 0.31% S. Steers receiving diets containing 0.46% S had decreased HCW (P=0.001), quality (P=0.02), and yield grades (P=0.04) than steers receiving 0.13% S. Plasma Cu concentrations on d 101 of the finishing phase and liver Cu concentrations at slaughter were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in control steers compared with those fed diets containing 0.31 or 0.46% S. This study indicates that steers fed growing diets can tolerate up to 0.46% S with minimum effects on performance. Finishing steers tolerated diets containing 0.31% S without adverse affects on ADG or G:F. However, 0.46% S greatly decreased ADG and DMI, and increasing DCAB did not prevent these depressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Spears
- Department of Animal Science and Interdepartmental Nutrition Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7621, USA.
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