1
|
Cleef EHCBVAN, Oliveira PSNDE, Galati RL, Ferreira DS, Santos VC, Homem Junior AC, Pereira Junior SAG, Pardo RMP, Ezequiel JMB. High-concentrate diets with fibrous by-products for feedlot Nellore heifers. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20190731. [PMID: 33950135 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120190731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate high-concentrate diets and two energy sources on intake, performance and meat quality parameters of feedlot Nellore heifers. Twenty-eight heifers (200 ± 22.5 kg BW) were randomly assigned to four treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement: two concentrate levels (70 and 80%) and two energy sources (corn and corn germ meal). At the end of day 112, heifers were slaughtered. There was no interaction (P>0.05) of concentrate levels and energy sources for dry matter intake, unlike crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intakes. The concentrate level of 80% and corn, allowed the highest CP (1.17 kg/day) and NDF (4.05 kg/day) intakes. Final BW (P<0.05) and daily gain (P<0.01) were influenced just by energy source. The carcass composition represented by muscle and fat was affected by concentrate level (P<0.05). Treatments affected (P<0.01) carcass fat deposition, global preference and texture of Longissimus muscle (P<0.05). It was concluded that high proportions of concentrate containing corn as energy source provided the best performance in heifers, and that the total replacement of corn with corn germ meal in high-concentrate diets is not recommended for performance Nellore heifers, but provided good sensory quality to the meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric H C B VAN Cleef
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Campus Universitário de Iturama, Av Rio Paranaiba, 1229, 38280-000 Iturama, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscila S N DE Oliveira
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Rodovia Washington Luiz, Km 234, Fazenda Canchim, s/n, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosemary Laís Galati
- , Faculdade de Agronomia, Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Av. Fernando Correia da Costa, 2367, 78068-742 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Daniel S Ferreira
- , Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane C Santos
- , Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Homem Junior
- , Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Antônio G Pereira Junior
- , Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - René Mauricio P Pardo
- Universidad de Sucre, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Cra 28 # 5-267, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | - Jane Maria B Ezequiel
- , Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Casal A, Garcia-Roche M, Navajas EA, Cassina A, Carriquiry M. Hepatic mitochondrial function in Hereford steers with divergent residual feed intake phenotypes. J Anim Sci 2019; 96:4431-4443. [PMID: 30032298 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in phenotypic expression of feed efficiency could be associated with differences or inefficiencies in mitochondria function due to its impact on energy expenditure. The aim of this study was to determine hepatic mitochondrial density and function in terms of respiration, gene and protein expression, and enzyme activity of mitochondrial respiratory complex proteins, in steers of divergent residual feed intake (RFI) phenotypes. Hereford steers (n = 111 and n = 122 for year 1 and 2, respectively) were evaluated in postweaning 70 d standard test for RFI. Forty-six steers exhibiting the greatest (n = 9 and 16 for year 1 and 2; high-RFI) and the lowest (n = 9 and 12 for year 1 and 2; low-RFI) RFI values were selected for this study. After the test, steers were managed together until slaughter under grazing conditions until they reached the slaughter body weight. At slaughter, hepatic samples (biopsies) were obtained. Tissue respiration was evaluated using high-resolution respirometry methods. Data were analyzed using a mixed model that included RFI group as fixed effect and slaughter date and year as a random effect using PROC MIXED of SAS. RFI and dry matter intake were different (P < 0.001) between low and high-RFI groups of year 1 and year 2. Basal respiration and maximum respiratory rate were greater (P ≤ 0.04) for low than high-RFI steers when complex II substrates (succinate) were supplied. However, when Complex I substrates (glutamate/malate) were used maximum respiratory capacity tended to be greater (P < 0.09) for low vs. high-RFI steers. Low-RFI steers presented greater mitochondria density markers (greater (P < 0.05) citrate synthase (CS) activity and tended (P ≤ 0.08) to have greater CS mRNA and mtDNA:nDNA ratio) than high-RFI steers. Hepatic expression SDHA, UQCRC1, and CYC1 mRNA was greater (P ≤ 0.02) and expression of NDUFA4, NDUFA13, SDHD, UQCRH, and ATP5E mRNA tended (P ≤ 0.10) to be greater in low than high-RFI steers. Hepatic SDHA protein expression tended (P < 0.08) to be greater while succinate dehydrogenase activity was greater (P = 0.04) and NADH dehydrogenase activity was greater (P = 0.03) for low than high-RFI steers. High-efficiency steers (low-RFI) probably had greater efficiency in hepatic nutrient metabolism, which was strongly associated with greater hepatic mitochondrial density and functioning, mainly of mitochondrial complex II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Casal
- Departamento de Produccion Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomia - Universidad de la Republica, Ruta 3 km 363, Paysandu, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Garcia-Roche
- Departamento de Produccion Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomia - Universidad de la Republica, Av Garzon 780, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research (CEINBIO) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina - Universidad de la Republica, Av.Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Elly Ana Navajas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigacion Agropecuaria, INIA Las Brujas, Ruta 48 km 10, Canelones, Uruguay
| | - Adriana Cassina
- Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research (CEINBIO) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina - Universidad de la Republica, Av.Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mariana Carriquiry
- Departamento de Produccion Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomia - Universidad de la Republica, Av Garzon 780, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The effects of including corn silage, corn stalk silage, and corn grain in finishing ration of beef steers on meat quality and oxidative stability. Meat Sci 2018; 139:142-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
4
|
Growth performance, carcass trait, meat quality and oxidative stability of beef cattle offered alternative silages in a finishing ration. Animal 2017; 12:657-666. [PMID: 28770693 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117001902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
As lack of forage resource, alternative roughage sources have been developed for ruminant production and their inclusion would exert a great effect on the dietary nutrition, consequently affecting animal performance. Four silages (corn silage (CS), corn stalk silage (SS), inoculated CS and inoculated SS) were separately offered to 60 Bohai Black cattle (15 cattle/group) during a 24-week finishing period, in which the growth performance, carcass trait, beef quality and oxidative stability of steers were determined. Neither silage material nor silage inoculant exerted a significant effect on the growth performance, carcass trait and oxidative stability of beef cattle (P>0.05). As to beef quality, cattle offered CS had higher (P0.05) on the proximate components and fatty acids profile of beef muscle. There was neither an interaction (P>0.05) between inoculated treatment and silage material. There were no differences (P>0.05) in cholesterol content and meat quality traits in animals fed alternative silages. The collective findings suggest that it is not economical to substitute high-quality forage for relative low-quality forage in a high-concentrate finishing ration of beef cattle and silage inoculant inclusion would not exert a direct effect on animal performance.
Collapse
|