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Dimakopoulos R, Papadopoulou Μ, Pons R, Spinou A. Translation, reliability and validity of the Greek version of the Child Engagement in Daily Life in children with cerebral palsy. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13202. [PMID: 37964491 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in family, recreational activities and self-care is an integral part of health. It is also a main outcome of rehabilitation services for children and adolescents with disabilities. However, there are currently no available tools in Greek to assess participation in young children. METHODS The Child Engagement in Daily Life (CEDL) was cross-culturally translated into Greek using forward-backward translation, review by expert committee, pretest application and final review. Parents with children who have been diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) and were 18 months to 5 years old were recruited. Internal consistency was evaluated using the Cronbach alpha and test-retest reliability in 2 weeks using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot for the agreement of each domain score. Measurement error was assessed utilising the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the smallest detectable change (SDC) and interpretability was assessed using the floor and ceiling effects. Validity was evaluated using the 'known groups' method, that is, assessing parents of children with typical development (TD). RESULTS One hundred and seven children with CP (mean age 43.63 ± 13.5 months), Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-V and 97 children with TD (mean age 43.63 ± 14.4 months) were included. Significant differences (p < 0.01) between children with CP and children with TD were recorded for all CEDL domains. Mean ± standard deviation of the CEDL domains 'frequency of participation', 'enjoyment of participation' and 'self-care' were 58.8 ± 14.5, 3.9 ± 0.9 and 49.7 ± 23.5, respectively for children with CP and 62.3 ± 9.1, 4.4 ± 0.9 and 74.2 ± 15 for children with TD. Internal consistency of all domains was high; Cronbach alpha for 'frequency of participation' was 0.83, for 'enjoyment of participation' was 0.76 and for 'self-care' was 0.92. Test-retest reliability (ICC) was excellent for the 'self-care' (0.95) and good for 'frequency of participation' and 'enjoyment of participation' domains (0.90 and 0.88, respectively) while Bland-Altman analysis revealed no systematic differences or bias between the two measurements. SEM was 0.8, 0.05 and 1.6 for frequency of participation, enjoyment and self-care with SDC of 2.4, 0.16 and 4.5, respectively. No relevant floor and ceiling effects were observed. CONCLUSION The Greek CEDL has good reliability, validity and interpretability. It can be used to evaluate participation in Greek young children with CP. Future studies should investigate the validity of this tool in longer periods and its responsiveness to intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rigas Dimakopoulos
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Study of Motion, Physiotherapy Department, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Μarianna Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Study of Motion, Physiotherapy Department, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Roser Pons
- 1st Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, "Agia Sofia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Arietta Spinou
- Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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Hatherly K, Glista D, Testani D, Brunton L, Cunningham BJ. A scoping review of virtual synchronous intervention studies in preschool rehabilitation. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:232-240. [PMID: 36546349 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2157054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize the available evidence for the delivery of synchronous virtual rehabilitation intervention services for preschoolers and to identify key factors associated with virtual intervention. METHODS Five databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed articles that assessed virtual interventions for preschoolers delivered by rehabilitation health professionals including physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech-language pathologists, audiologists, and their associated assistants. Relevant data regarding demographics, technology, mode of service delivery, timing, engagement, and measurement data were extracted, and charted. Data were then summarized quantitatively using frequency counts, and qualitatively using descriptive summaries. RESULTS Sixteen studies were identified. Virtual interventions primarily targeted language difficulties or disorders, therefore most services were delivered by a speech-language pathologist or audiologist. Most interventions were delivered using Skype or Zoom on a weekly basis. Various technological features (e.g., phonology software, 'e-helpers') were included, and multiple activities (e.g., playdough, bubbles) and strategies were used to support engagement. CONCLUSION This scoping review provides current knowledge about the delivery of virtual rehabilitation interventions for preschoolers to help guide best practices for clinicians. Future research could assess the validity of existing outcome measures in the virtual environment, and outline optimal session length and frequency for virtual preschool interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Hatherly
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Danielle Glista
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, London, Canada
- National Centre for Audiology, Elborn College, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Daniela Testani
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Laura Brunton
- School of Physical Therapy, Elborn College, Western University, London, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Barbara Jane Cunningham
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Elborn College, Western University, London, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Wolters L, White WF, Ellerton H, Watson S, Psaila K, Ford C, Gracey F. An Evaluation of the Use of the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP) to Measure Social Participation After Pediatric ABI in a Specialist Service in East Anglia. Dev Neurorehabil 2023; 26:419-428. [PMID: 38198641 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2023.2301607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric acquired brain injury (ABI) can lead to lifelong challenges restricting social participation, which is an important goal for rehabilitation due to associations with improved wellbeing. This evaluation considered the utility of the Child Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP) in ABI rehabilitation services. The 20-item measure is rated on a Likert scale with reference to what the rater would expect of their child at that age, including "not applicable" (N/A). It showed high internal consistency (α = 0.954-0.968). Two-step cluster analysis indicated greater difficulties in children with lower participation, including more impairments of executive function and higher staff involvement. Between-group analysis indicated higher rates of N/A answers for younger children and those of ethnic minorities. Overall, the CASP is reliable and clinically useful on an individual level, helping identify people who may need prioritizing for neurorehabilitation; however, group-level analyses were more challenging due to high frequency of N/A responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Wolters
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - William F White
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Holly Ellerton
- The Cambridge Centre for Paediatric Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT), Cambridge, UK
| | - Suzanna Watson
- The Cambridge Centre for Paediatric Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT), Cambridge, UK
| | - Kate Psaila
- The Cambridge Centre for Paediatric Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT), Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine Ford
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Fergus Gracey
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- The Cambridge Centre for Paediatric Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT), Cambridge, UK
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Golubović Š, Đorđević M, Ilić S, Nikolašević Ž. Engagement of Preschool-Aged Children in Daily Routines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14741. [PMID: 36429460 PMCID: PMC9690864 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Child engagement refers to the time spent interacting with physical and social environments according to age, abilities, and a situation. The aim of this study is to assess the functioning of children in early childhood routines using engagement assessment instruments relative to the presence of developmental disabilities, age, gender, and parental characteristics within the contexts of preschool and family routines. The sample comprised 150 children aged 3-5 (AS = 4.02, D = 0.78), including typically developing children (N = 49) and children with developmental disabilities (N = 101). To assess the children's engagement in preschool classrooms, we used the Classroom Measure of Engagement, Independence, and Social Relationships (ClaMEISR), and the Child Engagement in Daily Life Measure was used to assess the children's engagement in family routines. The results obtained indicate a significantly higher rate of engagement in routines and activities among girls and older children. Parental characteristics associated with children's engagement included employment and marital status. Children with developmental disabilities, compared to their typically developing peers, had lower levels of engagement in social relationships and functional independence in daily routines. The results indicate that both instruments have a high internal consistency and are thus suitable for future use in the Republic of Serbia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Špela Golubović
- Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Đorđević
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Ilić
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Željka Nikolašević
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Ku B, Healy S, Yun J. Development of a survey measuring parental physical activity support in parents of children with disabilities. Disabil Rehabil 2022:1-8. [PMID: 35727955 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2089921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purposes of the current study were to develop a questionnaire to measure parental physical activity (PA) support in parents of children with disabilities and to examine factors associated with parental PA support. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire measuring parental PA support in parents of children with disabilities (PPSQ for PCD), consisting of three constructs (encouragement, co-PA, and logistic support) with 19 items, was initially developed and evaluated by the Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Three independent multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between the three constructs and parental PA orientation variables. RESULTS With the item deletion approach, the final model with 12 items (four items in each construct) was developed, which revealed an excellent model fit (x2= 78.42 [df = 51, p = .008], CFI = 0.98, GFI = 0.94. RMSEA = 0.05). The multiple regression analyses revealed that parental orientation variables were differently associated with each construct of the PPSQ for PCD. CONCLUSIONS The PPSQ for PCD consists of three constructs, differently associated with parental orientation variables. This questionnaire can be used as an instrument to assess parental PA support. Implications for RehabilitationThe Parental Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) can be used to assess parental physical activity support in parents of children with disabilities.The PPAQ measures three constructs (i.e., types) of parental physical activity support including encouragement, co-physical activity, and logistic support.Parental physical activity orientations (e.g., importance, enjoyment, and behavior) are differently associated with each construct of parental physical activity support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungmo Ku
- Department of Special Physical Education, Yong-In University, Yonginsi, Gyeounggido, South Korea
| | - Sean Healy
- Ireland College of Health Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joonkoo Yun
- Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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Hsu PJ, Yeh HL, Tsai CL, Chu CH, Chen FC, Pan CY. Effects of a Floor Hockey Intervention on Motor Proficiency, Physical Fitness, and Adaptive Development in Youths with Mild Intellectual Disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18137059. [PMID: 34280994 PMCID: PMC8297291 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of a 12-week floor hockey training program on the motor proficiency, physical fitness, and adaptive development of youths with mild intellectual disabilities (IDs). A total of 54 youths with IDs were divided into two groups: a floor hockey exercise group (EG; n = 27; age, 16.59 ± 0.56 years) and a control group (CG; n = 27; age, 16.65 ± 0.63 years). The participants in the EG attended sessions of a floor hockey training program 3 times per week over a 12-week period. The CG group maintained their standard activities of daily living. The participants' scores on the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition, Brockport Physical Fitness Test, and traditional Chinese version of the teacher form of the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second Edition, were obtained before and after the intervention. The results of the study indicate that the 12-week floor hockey training program significantly increased the participants' scores for most indicators of motor proficiency (p < 0.01), physical fitness (p < 0.01), and adaptive development (p < 0.01). The findings provide evidence that physical activity interventions focusing on floor hockey training are a viable therapeutic option for treating youths with IDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Physical Education, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Ling Yeh
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.C.); (F.-C.C.)
| | - Chia-Liang Tsai
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Hua Chu
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.C.); (F.-C.C.)
| | - Fu-Chen Chen
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.C.); (F.-C.C.)
| | - Chien-Yu Pan
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung City 802, Taiwan; (H.-L.Y.); (C.-H.C.); (F.-C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-7172930
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Little LM, Pickett KA, Proffitt R, Cason J. Keeping Pace With 21 st Century Healthcare: A Framework for Telehealth Research, Practice, and Program Evaluation in Occupational Therapy. Int J Telerehabil 2021; 13:e6379. [PMID: 34345350 PMCID: PMC8287707 DOI: 10.5195/ijt.2021.6379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of telehealth to deliver occupational therapy services rapidly expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are frameworks to evaluate services delivered through telehealth; however, none are specific to occupational therapy. Therefore, occupational therapy would benefit from a framework to systematically evaluate components of telehealth service delivery and build evidence to demonstrate the distinct value of occupational therapy. The PACE Framework outlines four priority domains to address areas of need: (1) Population and Health Outcomes; (2) Access for All Clients; (3) Costs and Cost Effectiveness; and (4) Experiences of Clients and Occupational Therapy Practitioners. This article describes the development and expert reviewer evaluation of the PACE Framework. In addition, the PACE Framework's domains, subdomains, and outcome measure examples are described along with future directions for implementation in occupational therapy research, practice, and program evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jana Cason
- Spalding University, Louisville, KY, USA
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8
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Participation in Play and Leisure Activities of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children in Taiwan: A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115787. [PMID: 34072276 PMCID: PMC8198266 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Participation in enjoyable activities is essential for the health and development of young children with and without disabilities. For preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is limited knowledge regarding their participation in play, learning, recreation, and social activities. This was a preliminary study that compares the participation between children 2–6 years of age with ASD (n = 25) and age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) (n = 25) children. The Chinese version of the Assessment of Preschool Children’s Participation (APCP-C) measures participation in play, skill development, active physical recreation, and social activities. Parents of the children in this study completed the APCP-C by structured interview. The results showed that children with ASD had lower participation diversity and intensity than TD children in play activities. A lower percentage of children participating in individual activity was found for children with ASD than TD children in most APCP-C activities. Professionals that serve young children with special needs are encouraged to partner with parents to provide playful and socially enhancing activities for preschool children with ASD.
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Reliability and construct validity of the Turkish adaptation of the Assessment of Life Habits for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. MARMARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.5472/marumj.943118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chiarello LA, Palisano RJ, Avery L, Hanna S. Longitudinal Trajectories and Reference Percentiles for Participation in Family and Recreational Activities of Children with Cerebral Palsy. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2021; 41:18-37. [PMID: 32363980 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2020.1758984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To create longitudinal trajectories and reference percentiles for frequency of participation in family and recreational activities for children with cerebral palsy (CP) by Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level. METHODS 708 children with CP 18-months to 12-years of age and their families participated in two to five assessments using the GMFCS and Child Engagement in Daily Life Measure. Data were analyzed using mixed-effects models and quantile regression. RESULTS Longitudinal trajectories depict the relatively stable level of frequency of participation with considerable individual variability. Average change in the frequency of participation scores of children from 2-12 years of age by GMFCS level varied from 3.7 (GMFCS level I) to - 9.0 points (GMFCS level V). A system to interpret the magnitude of change in percentiles over time is presented. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal trajectories and reference percentiles can inform therapists and families for collaboratively designing services and monitoring performance to support children's participation in family and recreational activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Chiarello
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert J Palisano
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lisa Avery
- Avery Information Services Ltd, Orillia, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Hanna
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Barton C, Buckley J, Samia P, Williams F, Taylor SR, Lindoewood R. The efficacy of appropriate paper-based technology for Kenyan children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2020; 17:927-937. [DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2020.1830442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Barton
- Physiotherapy Department, Powys Teaching Health Board, Brecon, Wales, UK
- Centre for Active Living, University Centre Shrewsbury (University of Chester), Chester, UK
| | - John Buckley
- Centre for Active Living, University Centre Shrewsbury (University of Chester), Chester, UK
| | - Pauline Samia
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Fiona Williams
- Department of Geography and International Development, University of Chester, Chester, UK
| | - Suzan R. Taylor
- Centre for Active Living, University Centre Shrewsbury (University of Chester), Chester, UK
| | - Rachel Lindoewood
- Brecon Children’s Centre, Powys Teaching Health Board, Brecon, Wales, UK
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Khalifa G, Rosenbaum P, Georgiades K, Duku E, Di Rezze B. Exploring the Participation Patterns and Impact of Environment in Preschool Children with ASD. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5677. [PMID: 32781551 PMCID: PMC7460096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Participation in everyday activities at home and in the community is essential for children's development and well-being. Limited information exists about participation patterns of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study examines these participation patterns in both the home and community, and the extent to which environmental factors and social communication abilities are associated with participation. Fifty-four parents of preschool-aged children with ASD completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Young Children and the Autism Classification System of Functioning: Social Communication. The children had a mean age of 48.9 (8.4) months. Patterns of participation were studied using descriptive statistics, radar graphs, and Spearman correlations. Children with ASD participated in a variety of activities at home and in the community, but showed a higher participation frequency at home. Parents identified different barriers (e.g., social demands) and supports (e.g., attitudes) in both settings. There was a moderate positive association between children's social communication abilities and their levels of involvement during participation and the diversity of activities. This study highlights the importance of social communication abilities in the participation of preschool children with ASD, and the need to support parents while they work to improve their child's participation, especially within their communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaidaa Khalifa
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada;
| | - Peter Rosenbaum
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada;
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada
| | - Kathy Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada; (K.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Eric Duku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada; (K.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada;
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada
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A Systematic Review on Clinimetric Properties of Play Instruments for Occupational Therapy Practice. Occup Ther Int 2020; 2020:2490519. [PMID: 32821250 PMCID: PMC7416293 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2490519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Play is considered the main occupation for children. Pediatric occupational therapists utilize play either for evaluation or intervention purpose. However, play is not properly measured by occupational therapists, and the use of play instrument is limited. This systematic review was aimed at identifying play instruments relevant to occupational therapy practice and its clinimetric properties. A systematic search was conducted on six databases (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection, Scopus, and ASEAN Citation Index) in January 2020. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using Law and MacDermid's Appraisal for Clinical Measurement Research Reports, and psychometric properties of play instruments were evaluated using Terwee's checklist while the clinical utility is extracted from each instrument. Initial search identifies 1,098 articles, and only 30 articles were included in the final analysis, extracting 8 play instruments. These instruments were predominantly practiced in the Western culture, which consists of several psychometric evidences. The Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale is considered the most extensive and comprehensive play instrument for extrinsic aspect, whereas the Test of Playfulness + Test of Environmental Supportiveness Unifying Measure is a promising play instrument for intrinsic aspect on play, where both instruments utilize observation. My Child's Play is a potential questionnaire-based play instrument. However, the current development of play instruments in the occupational therapy field is immature and constantly evolving, and occupational therapists should exercise good clinical reasoning when selecting a play instrument to use in practice.
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Silkwood-Sherer DJ, McGibbon NH. Can hippotherapy make a difference in the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy? A pragmatic study. Physiother Theory Pract 2020; 38:390-400. [PMID: 32406798 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2020.1759167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine if the addition of 12 weekly therapy sessions, incorporating hippotherapy as the primary intervention to each child's usual therapy program, will improve balance, participation, and quality of life.Methods: Pragmatic, multi-center, randomized, controlled trial of 13 children with cerebral palsy (CP), ages 3 to 6 years. A treatment group received 12 weeks of weekly hippotherapy intervention in addition to their usual therapy. A control group continued with their usual therapy only. Assessments were completed for the treatment group pre-intervention (P0), post intervention (P1), and 12 weeks post no intervention (P2). Control group assessments occurred in the same timeframe: baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks.Results: The only significant difference between the groups, post intervention, was on the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS). Within group analysis showed no significant changes for the control group between any pretest/posttest measures. The treatment group demonstrated significant improvement on the PBS (P0-P1, p = .02; P0-P2, p = .02) and Activities Scale for Kids (P0-P1, p = .02; P0-P2, p = .02) with delayed improvement on the 1 Minute Walk Test (P1-P2, p = .02) and Pediatric Quality of Life - CP Module (P0-P2, p = .03).Conclusions: Improvements in balance in children with CP may promote increased participation and quality of life when hippotherapy is added to their treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy H McGibbon
- Therapeutic Riding of Tucson (TROT), Therapy Clinic, TROT Therapy Services, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Resch C, Van Kruijsbergen M, Ketelaar M, Hurks P, Adair B, Imms C, De Kloet A, Piskur B, Van Heugten C. Assessing participation of children with acquired brain injury and cerebral palsy: a systematic review of measurement properties. Dev Med Child Neurol 2020; 62:434-444. [PMID: 31975385 PMCID: PMC7079076 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine which instruments used to assess participation of children with acquired brain injury (ABI) or cerebral palsy (CP) align with attendance and/or involvement constructs of participation; and to systematically review measurement properties of these instruments in children with ABI or CP, to guide instrument selection. METHOD Five databases were searched. Instruments that quantified 'attendance' and/or 'involvement' aspects of participation according to the family of participation-related constructs were selected. Data on measurement properties were extracted and methodological quality of the studies assessed. RESULTS Thirty-seven instruments were used to assess participation in children with ABI or CP. Of those, 12 measured attendance and/or involvement. The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of eight of these instruments were examined in 14 studies with children with ABI or CP. Sufficient measurement properties were reported for most of the measures, but no instrument had been assessed on all relevant properties. Moreover, most psychometric studies have marked methodological limitations. INTERPRETATION Instruments to assess participation of children with ABI or CP should be selected carefully, as many available measures do not align with attendance and/or involvement. Evidence for measurement properties is limited, mainly caused by low methodological study quality. Future studies should follow recommended methodological guidelines. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Twelve instruments used to assess participation of children with acquired brain injury (ABI) or cerebral palsy (CP) aligned with attendance/involvement. Seven instruments have some psychometric evidence supporting their use with children with CP. For children with ABI, only the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation has shown preliminary evidence of measurement properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Resch
- Department of Neuropsychology and PsychopharmacologyFaculty of Psychology and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands,Limburg Brain Injury CenterMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Mette Van Kruijsbergen
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation MedicineUMC Utrecht Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation MedicineUMC Utrecht Brain CenterUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, and De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Petra Hurks
- Department of Neuropsychology and PsychopharmacologyFaculty of Psychology and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Brooke Adair
- Centre for Disability and Development ResearchAustralian Catholic UniversityMelbourneAustralia,Generation VictoriaMurdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleAustralia
| | - Christine Imms
- Centre for Disability and Development ResearchAustralian Catholic UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Arend De Kloet
- Basalt Rehabilitationthe Haguethe Netherlands,The Hague University of Applied Sciencesthe Haguethe Netherlands
| | - Barbara Piskur
- Research Centre for Autonomy and Participation for People with Chronic IllnessesZuyd University of Applied SciencesHeerlenthe Netherlands
| | - Caroline Van Heugten
- Department of Neuropsychology and PsychopharmacologyFaculty of Psychology and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands,Limburg Brain Injury CenterMaastrichtthe Netherlands,School for Mental Health and NeuroscienceFaculty of Health, Medicine and Life SciencesMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtthe Netherlands
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Wang PJ, Liao HF, Kang LJ, Chen LC, Hwang AW, Lu L, Tu YK, Morgan GA. Child and family factors that predict participation attendance in daily activities of toddlers with global developmental delay. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:1849-1860. [PMID: 31647340 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1678685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES Enhancing children's daily participation is the optimal goal of early childhood intervention. This study aimed to identify child and family predictors of participation for toddlers with global developmental delay. METHODS Fifty-nine toddlers with global developmental delay (aged 24-43 months) and their mothers participated in a 6-month longitudinal study. Predictors for participation were child factors [age, gender, delay severity, mastery motivation (perceived persistence and task persistence), and withdrawal behavior], and family factors (socioeconomic status, family income, maternal education, stress, and maternal teaching behavior). Dependent variables were participation diversity and intensity of four activity types measured 6-month later using the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation (Chinese version). Correlation and hierarchical regression statistical methods were used. RESULTS Older children with higher persistence had higher overall participation. Different factors predicted different participation dimensions and different activity types. Older age, higher perceived persistence, and being less withdrawn predicted higher diversity and intensity for play participation. For skill development participation, older age, less severity, higher mastery motivation, and better maternal teaching behaviors predicted higher diversity; and age, mastery motivation and maternal teaching predicted intensity. CONCLUSIONS Different factors predict participation attendance differently. Supporting parents to enhance toddlers' mastery motivation may optimize children's participation in daily activities.Implications for rehabilitationBased on the child and their caregiver preferences, applicability and/or engagement for different activity types, interventionists could collaborate further with caregivers to find strategies to increase children's participation attendance in daily life.Interventionists could consult with caregivers: (a) to observe the persistence and positive affect (mastery motivation) of children during different activities, (b) to figure out the possible barriers to participation in those activities, and (c) to demonstrate appropriate caregiver-child interactions.Interventionists are encouraged to support children's mastery motivation and quality of maternal teaching behaviors to enhance participation in daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jung Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Fang Liao
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwan Society of ICF, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ju Kang
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chiou Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Wen Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Tu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - George A Morgan
- Education and Human Development, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Jarvis JM, Gurga A, Greif A, Lim H, Anaby D, Teplicky R, Khetani MA. Usability of the Participation and Environment Measure Plus (PEM+) for Client-Centered and Participation-Focused Care Planning. Am J Occup Ther 2019; 73:7304205130p1-7304205130p8. [PMID: 31318677 PMCID: PMC9563087 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2019.032235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The Participation and Environment Measure Plus (PEM+) is a new electronic health application to help caregivers contribute to client-centered and participation-focused care planning for their young child. The PEM+ is designed to help caregivers build on their participation assessment by determining priority activities, setting specific goals, and identifying strategies for goal attainment. OBJECTIVE To examine the usability of the PEM+. DESIGN A single-arm usability trial. SETTING Two early intervention and early childhood educational programs. PARTICIPANTS Six caregivers of children ages 0-3 yr with developmental delay and receiving rehabilitation services. INTERVENTION Caregivers who were eligible and enrolled were given access to the PEM+ for 1 wk and instructed to complete one iteration. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Usability was assessed according to caregivers' report of PEM+'s technical effectiveness and ease of use, ease of learning, and user satisfaction via the Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use questionnaire. RESULTS All caregivers completed the PEM+ online once and in its entirety (mean completion time = 13.6 min). Mean technical effectiveness ratings ranged from 5.7 to 6.3 out of 7.0, and mean ease of use, ease of learning, and user satisfaction ratings were 4.4, 5.4, and 4.2 out of 6.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Caregivers of young children can navigate the PEM+. Trends in survey feedback informed optimizations for the PEM+ before further feasibility testing. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS This study provides preliminary evidence for a promising tool that can help to customize the way practitioners partner with families to create a plan for occupational therapy services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Jarvis
- Jessica M. Jarvis, PhD, is Postdoctoral Associate, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Andrea Gurga
- Andrea Gurga, MS, is Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Alexa Greif
- Alexa Greif, MS, is Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Heather Lim
- Heather Lim, BS, is Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Dana Anaby
- Dana Anaby, PhD, is Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rachel Teplicky
- Rachel Teplicky, MS, is Business and Engagement Officer, CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary A Khetani
- Mary A. Khetani, ScD, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago;
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Killeen H, Shiel A, Law M, O'Donovan DJ, Segurado R, Anaby D. Relationships between Adaptive Behaviours, Personal Factors, and Participation of Young Children. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2018; 38:343-354. [PMID: 29257920 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2017.1406428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the extent to which personal factors (age, socioeconomic grouping, and preterm birth) and adaptive behaviour explain the participation patterns of young children. METHODS 65 Children 2-5 years old with and without a history of preterm birth and no physical or intellectual disability were selected by convenience sampling from Galway University Hospital, Ireland. Interviews with parents were conducted using the Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System, Second Edition (ABAS-II) and the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation (APCP). Linear regression models were used to identify associations between the ABAS-II scores, personal factors, and APCP scores for intensity and diversity of participation. RESULTS Adaptive behaviour explained 21% of variance in intensity of play, 18% in intensity of Skill Development, 7% in intensity of Active Physical Recreation, and 6% in intensity of Social Activities controlling for age, preterm birth, and socioeconomic grouping. Age explained between 1% and 11% of variance in intensity of participation scores. Adapted behaviour (13%), Age (17%), and socioeconomic grouping (5%) explained a significant percentage of variance in diversity of participation controlling for the other variables. CONCLUSIONS Adaptive behaviour had a unique contribution to children's intensity and diversity of participation, suggesting its importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Killeen
- a Occupational Therapy, Aras Moyola , National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
| | - Agnes Shiel
- b Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences , National University of Ireland , Galway , Ireland
| | - Mary Law
- c School of Rehabilitation Science, CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research , McMaster University , Ontario , Canada
| | - Donough J O'Donovan
- d Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , University College Hospital Galway , Ireland
| | - Ricardo Segurado
- e Public Health (Biostatistics), CSTAR and School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science , University College Dublin , Ireland
| | - Dana Anaby
- f School of Physical and Occupational Therapy , McGill University . Montreal , Canada
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Åström FM, Khetani M, Axelsson AK. Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure: Swedish Cultural Adaptation. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2018; 38:329-342. [PMID: 28467126 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2017.1318430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) for use by caregivers of Swedish children with and without disabilities, aged 2-5 years. METHODS Thirteen cognitive interviews and two focus groups with caregivers of children with and without disabilities were conducted to evaluate the cultural relevance of YC-PEM content for use in Sweden. Per participant feedback, a revised version of the Swedish YC-PEM was created and pilot tested with caregivers of children with disabilities (n = 11) and children with typical development (n = 22). RESULTS User feedback informed content revisions to 7% of items. Internal consistency estimates of the Swedish YC-PEM pilot version were acceptable and ranged from .70 to .92 for all but two of the YC-PEM scales. Mean percentage agreement between raters ranged from 47% to 93% across YC-PEM scales for inter-rater, and 44% to 86% for test-retest. One of twelve YC-PEM scales revealed significant group differences between young children with and without disabilities. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes preliminary evidence for the use of some scales within a culturally adapted YC-PEM in Sweden. Further validation with larger samples will allow for parametric testing to evaluate its psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Marie Åström
- a Swedish Institute for Disability Research, CHILD Research Group , Jönköping University , Jönköping , Sweden
| | - Mary Khetani
- b Department of Occupational Therapy , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado , USA.,c Department of Disability and Human Development , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois , USA
| | - Anna Karin Axelsson
- a Swedish Institute for Disability Research, CHILD Research Group , Jönköping University , Jönköping , Sweden
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Participation of Children with Spina Bifida: A Scoping Review Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) as a Reference Framework. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54030040. [PMID: 30344271 PMCID: PMC6122101 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives. Participation is a fundamental right of the child, regardless of his health status. Assessing and supporting the participation of children with spina bifida (SB) presents a significant challenge for practitioners. The purpose of this study was to examine what is known about the participation of children with SB. Materials and Methods. The framework for scoping reviews from Arksey & O’Malley was used. A literature search in Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), PsychINFO and the Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC) databases retrieved 136 papers, 10 of which met the criteria for inclusion and were selected for analysis. Synthesis of the results on participation within occupational domains of leisure, school and community, and factors influencing participation of children with SB was performed. Results. All the included studies were non-experimental and used cross-sectional, population-based or qualitative design. Most studies analysed social participation or participation in physical activities, except one that focused on school participation. Data from these studies have shown that children with SB experience greater participation restrictions compared to their typical peers or children with other chronic diseases. The participation was mainly affected by contextual factors. Relationships between pathology and participation were not sufficiently validated. Conclusions. There is little research on the participation of children with SB. Future studies must consider contextual factors and interventions facilitating or impeding participation.
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Participation in Daily Life: Influence on Quality of Life in Ambulatory Children with Cerebral Palsy. PM R 2018; 10:1185-1191. [PMID: 29783065 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral palsy (CP) is a chronic condition that affects children and has an impact on social and physical activity, as well as participation in daily life. Participation and quality of life (QOL) are 2 important measures of successful rehabilitation that have not been well studied in children with CP. OBJECTIVE To report levels of participation and examine the relationship of participation to QOL in ambulatory children with CP. DESIGN Secondary analysis, cross-sectional cohort study. SETTING Regional pediatric specialty care center. PARTICIPANTS A cohort of 128 ambulatory children with CP, Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I-III, age 2-9 years. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory; Assessment of Life Habits; and Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment and Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation. RESULTS Participation was negatively associated with increasing Gross Motor Function Classification System but not age. Level of participation was associated with psychosocial QOL (2.97, P = .001) and total QOL (54.70, P = .03) but not physical QOL. There was a positive relationship between physical activity performance (0.63, P = .001), walking performance (0.002, P = .01), and communication level (7.23, P = .05) with physical QOL. Increasing age and decreased frequency of participation were negatively associated with all QOL domains. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that participation in daily life is negatively influenced by physical impairment and that levels of participation are positively associated with psychosocial and total QOL among ambulatory children with CP. This suggests that participation influences QOL and further studies are needed to determine the aspects of participation directly impacting QOL in ambulatory children with CP. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Gilboa Y, Fuchs R. Participation Patterns of Preschool Children With Intellectual Developmental Disabilities. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2018; 38:261-268. [PMID: 29649939 DOI: 10.1177/1539449218766888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We aim to examine the pattern of participation of children with intellectual developmental disabilities (IDD) or global developmental delay (GDD) in comparison with typically developing preschoolers. In addition, to identify environmental and personal factors associated with their participation, 20 children with mild to moderate GDD or IDD, and 24 age- and gender-matched controls, aged 3 to 6 years, were assessed using the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation and the Environmental Restriction Questionnaire. Significant differences were found between the groups, both for general scales of participation and for each activity area. For the IDD/GDD group, participation was significantly negatively correlated with environmental restrictions at home. For the control group, participation was correlated with demographic variables. Typically developing children participate at a higher frequency and in a more diverse range of activities compared with children with IDD/GDD. Associations between participation and contextual factors varied depending on the child's health condition.
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Alghamdi MS, Chiarello LA, Palisano RJ, McCoy SW. Understanding participation of children with cerebral palsy in family and recreational activities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 69:96-104. [PMID: 28843215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The primary aim of this study was to determine the effect of age, sex, gross motor, manual ability, and communication functions on the frequency and enjoyment of children's participation in family and recreational activities. The secondary aim was to determine the relationships between motor and communication functions and participation. METHODS Participants were 694 children, 1.5-12 years old, with cerebral palsy (CP) and their parents across the US and Canada. Parents rated children's frequency and enjoyment of participation using the Child Engagement in Daily Life measure. Parents and therapists identified children's level of function using Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), and Communication Function Classification System (CFCS). RESULTS Differences in frequency and enjoyment of participation were found based on children's GMFCS, MACS, and CFCS levels but not age or sex. Children with higher gross motor, manual, and communication functions had higher frequency and enjoyment of participation, compared to children with lower functions. Frequency of participation was associated with GMFCS and CFCS levels whereas enjoyment of participation was only associated with CFCS level. IMPLICATIONS Knowledge of child's gross motor, manual ability, and communication functions of children with CP is important when setting goals and planning interventions for participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Alghamdi
- Drexel University, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, 1601 Cherry Street, Mail Stop 7502, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; Umm Al-Qura University, Department of Physical Therapy, P.O. Box 715, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lisa A Chiarello
- Drexel University, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, 1601 Cherry Street, Mail Stop 7502, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
| | - Robert J Palisano
- Drexel University, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, 1601 Cherry Street, Mail Stop 7502, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Sarah W McCoy
- University of Washington, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Box 356490, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195-6490, USA
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Fabrizi S, Hubbell K. The role of occupational therapy in promoting playfulness, parent competence, and social participation in early childhood playgroups: A pretest posttest design. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY SCHOOLS AND EARLY INTERVENTION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19411243.2017.1359133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Fabrizi
- Occupational Therapy Program, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Marieb College of Health & Human Services, Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers, Florida
| | - Kristin Hubbell
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers, Florida
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Kang LJ, Hwang AW, Palisano RJ, King GA, Chiarello LA, Chen CL. Validation of the Chinese version of the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation for children with physical disabilities. Dev Neurorehabil 2017; 20:266-273. [PMID: 27058010 DOI: 10.3109/17518423.2016.1158746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation (APCP-C). METHOD The APCP, a measure of participation in play, skill development, active physical, and social activities of preschool children, was translated into Traditional Chinese. Data on 94 Taiwanese children with physical disabilities aged 2 to 6 years were analyzed. RESULTS Internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.85 and 0.86) and test-retest reliability (ICCs = 0.79) were excellent for total scores, and varied from excellent to poor for activity type scores. Items were generally relevant to the Taiwanese culture. Correlations between scores for the APCP-C and the Chinese version of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory Mobility and Social Functioning scales in general supported convergent validity (r = 0.33-0.68) but less support for discriminant validity. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence of reliability, cross-cultural validity, and limited support for construct validity of the APCP-C in measuring participation of children with physical disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ju Kang
- a Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Kwei-Shan , Tao-Yuan , Taiwan.,b Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Kwei-Shan , Tao-Yuan , Taiwan
| | - Ai-Wen Hwang
- a Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Kwei-Shan , Tao-Yuan , Taiwan.,b Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Kwei-Shan , Tao-Yuan , Taiwan
| | - Robert J Palisano
- c Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences , Drexel University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Gillian A King
- d Bloorview Research Institute , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,e Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Lisa A Chiarello
- c Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences , Drexel University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- a Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Kwei-Shan , Tao-Yuan , Taiwan.,b Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Kwei-Shan , Tao-Yuan , Taiwan
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Excellence in Promoting Participation: Striving for the 10 Cs-Client-Centered Care, Consideration of Complexity, Collaboration, Coaching, Capacity Building, Contextualization, Creativity, Community, Curricular Changes, and Curiosity. Pediatr Phys Ther 2017; 29 Suppl 3:S16-S22. [PMID: 28654474 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Participation of children with physical disabilities is critical to optimizing their life roles and lived experiences. This perspective explores the complex and multidimensional construct of participation and presents recommendations for practice, education, and research to transform pediatric physical therapy service delivery. Two models are reviewed of participation-based service delivery grounded in client-centered care and the principles of coaching to engage clients in their rehabilitation. The roles and responsibilities of the physical therapist and the importance of team collaboration are emphasized. Considerations are presented for ecological measurements and interventions to support client participation goals for children of all ages in home and community settings. Practitioners, educators, and researchers are encouraged to be advocates and change agents to ensure that services support meaningful participation for children in real-life contexts.
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Di Marino E, Tremblay S, Khetani M, Anaby D. The effect of child, family and environmental factors on the participation of young children with disabilities. Disabil Health J 2017. [PMID: 28624289 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While participation is essential to a child's health and well-being, little is known about participation patterns of young children with disabilities. OBJECTIVE This study described the participation of children with disabilities under age 6, and examined the extent to which the child's factors (i.e., age, complexity of child's condition), family factors (i.e., general family functioning, income) and environmental factors (i.e., environmental helpfulness) affect participation dimensions (frequency, involvement, desire for change) in three different settings: home, daycare/preschool and community. METHODS Cross-sectional design was employed. Parents (n = 90) of children aged 1.4-6 years old (mean = 4.15, SD = 1.03) with disabilities completed the French Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) and Family Assessment Device. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions were performed to describe participation patterns and identify the significant explanatory factors in each setting. RESULTS Participation restriction, based on frequency of activities, was primarily observed in the community setting. Environmental helpfulness (resources, supports) consistently explained participation levels for at least one of the dimensions across all settings, whereas contribution of the child's factors was less evident. Family functioning had a significant effect when examining participation involvement in the community and desire for change in the home setting and, in combination with environmental helpfulness, explained 18% and 21% of the variance respectively. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes the role of the environment in supporting participation of young children with disabilities. Findings can re-direct practitioners' attention towards modifying the environment as a primary target of intervention aimed at promoting health through participation.
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The Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Preschool Activity Card Sort. Occup Ther Int 2017; 2017:5180382. [PMID: 29097968 PMCID: PMC5612737 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5180382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Preschool Activity Card Sort (PACS) is an interview-based assessment tool to measure participation of preschool children with age range from 3 to 6 years. Objective of Study The purpose of this study was to establish the psychometric properties of the recently translated Arabic PACS (A-PACS). Methods One hundred fifty-one Jordanian parents participated in the study representing different geographical areas. Children were almost equally distributed between males and females and into three age groups. Construct and concurrent validity were examined as well as the internal consistency of the scale and the test-retest reliability. Findings The A-PACS was able to differentiate between the participation level of young and old children in the domains of education, community mobility, and low demand leisure of the A-PACS giving evidence to its construct validity and it significantly correlated with some aspects of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS) giving evidence to its concurrent validity. The A-PACS showed excellent overall internal consistency (α = .859) for all domains and good test-retest reliability (r = .976, p < .001). Conclusion The A-PACS can be considered as a valid and reliable tool to measure participation of preschool children with normal development from Arabic cultures. Future studies should focus on the validity of the A-PACS for use with children with disabilities.
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Yee T, Magill-Evans J, Zwaigenbaum L, Sacrey LAR, Askari S, Anaby D. Participation Measures for Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Scoping Review. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-017-0102-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mann K, Tsao E, Bjornson KF. Physical activity and walking performance: Influence on quality of life in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP). J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2016; 9:279-286. [PMID: 27935563 PMCID: PMC6171113 DOI: 10.3233/prm-160395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the relationship of physical activity (PA) and walking performance to QOL in ambulatory children with CP, as function is not consistently associated with QOL in this population. METHODS A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional cohort of 128 ambulatory children with CP, ages 2.2-9.9 years and GMFCS levels I-III, was employed. Individual multivariate regression models were developed for physical, psychosocial, and total domains of QOL as measured by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) controlling for physical activity and walking performance, participation level and frequency, topography of CP, walking capacity, age, and satisfaction with participation. RESULTS Physical, psychosocial and total QOL averaged 52.2, 60.9, and 56.5 respectively. PA was positively associated with physical (0.64, p < 0.01) and total QOL (0.54, p < 0.01). Walking performance was associated with physical QOL (0.16, p = 0.05), participation level was positively related to psychosocial (0.44, p < 0.01), and age negatively for all QOL domains (> -0.43, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity, walking performance, and level of participation in daily life are associated with varying domains of QOL. Future work should explore factors that influence the relationship of daily physical/walking activity and participation to QOL in children with ambulatory CP as they age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilby Mann
- Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elaine Tsao
- Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kristie F Bjornson
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Field DA, Miller WC, Ryan SE, Jarus T, Roxborough L. Exploring suitable participation tools for children who need or use power mobility: A modified Delphi survey. Dev Neurorehabil 2016; 19:365-379. [PMID: 25825804 DOI: 10.3109/17518423.2015.1004763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify suitable tools for measuring important elements of participation for children, aged 18 months to 12 years, who need or use power mobility, and to indicate which tools should be considered for inclusion in a measurement toolkit. METHODS Parents, therapists and researchers with expertise in paediatric power mobility and participation (n = 70) completed an online modified Delphi survey, with consensus set a priori >80% agreement. Existing tools were matched against participation elements ranked most important for those in early childhood (18 months-5 years) and of school-age (6-12 years) by the panel. RESULTS Six out of 13 tools demonstrated potential, meeting at least three elements each, although none addressed all elements deemed important to measure by the panel. Only the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) reached consensus for inclusion in a participation measure toolkit. CONCLUSION Further evaluation of these tools with this population is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra A Field
- a Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC) , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada.,b Rehabilitation Research Program, GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada.,c Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children , Therapy , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - William C Miller
- a Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC) , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada.,b Rehabilitation Research Program, GF Strong Rehabilitation Centre , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada.,d Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Stephen E Ryan
- e Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Bloorview Research Institute , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.,f Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada , and.,g Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Tal Jarus
- a Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia (UBC) , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada.,d Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Lori Roxborough
- c Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children , Therapy , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
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Lim CY, Law M, Khetani M, Pollock N, Rosenbaum P. Participation in Out-of-Home Environments for Young Children With and Without Developmental Disabilities. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2016; 36:112-25. [PMID: 27618847 DOI: 10.1177/1539449216659859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examines caregivers' perceptions of participation patterns and environmental supports and barriers for young children with and without developmental disabilities within their child care/preschool and community settings. The Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) was completed by 151 parents of Singaporean children (0-7 years old) with and without developmental disabilities. Setting-specific summary and item-level scores of these children were compared using ANCOVA, Mann-Whitney U, and Pearson chi-square tests. Children with developmental disabilities had significantly lower participation and environment summary scores in both settings as compared with children without developmental disabilities (p < .05; [Formula: see text] = 0.03-0.31). Group differences were also evident at the item level, particularly when comparing the percentage of parents who desire change in their child's activity participation. Adequate financial support, public awareness, programs, and services have been identified as environmental factors that are potentially important to parents of children with developmental disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yi Lim
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Mary Law
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Kruijsen-Terpstra AJA, Ketelaar M, Verschuren O, Gorter JW, Vos RC, Verheijden J, Jongmans MJ, Visser-Meily A. Efficacy of three therapy approaches in preschool children with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial. Dev Med Child Neurol 2016; 58:758-766. [PMID: 26880083 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the efficacy of child-focused, context-focused, and regular care approaches, delivered in a rehabilitation setting by physical or occupational therapists to preschool children with cerebral palsy (CP), in optimizing the child's self-care and mobility capabilities. METHOD A multicentre randomized controlled trial clustered at therapist level was conducted in 13 rehabilitation centres. It included 68 children with CP (38 males, 30 females; mean age 3y, SD 6mo, range 1y 11mo-4y), classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I to IV, who were already receiving therapy. Children received a child-focused, context-focused, or regular care approach during a 6-month period. Self-care and mobility capabilities were assessed with the Functional Skills Scale of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory. RESULTS The child-focused, context-focused, and regular care approaches all resulted in significant but similar improvements in self-care (regular: reference; child-focused: β=-0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.68 to 0.46; context-focused: β=0.13, CI -0.38 to 0.64) and mobility (regular: reference; child-focused: β=-0.09, CI=-0.93 to 0.75; and context-focused: β=0.14, CI -0.65 to 0.94) capabilities. INTERPRETATION The results suggest that the three therapy approaches were equally efficacious for preschool children with CP. Depending on a child's individual situation each approach can be selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne J A Kruijsen-Terpstra
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Rimke C Vos
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Verheijden
- BOSK, Association of People with a Physical Disability, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marian J Jongmans
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Department of Child, Family & Education Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Visser-Meily
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Field DA, Miller WC, Ryan SE, Jarus T, Abundo A. Measuring Participation for Children and Youth With Power Mobility Needs: A Systematic Review of Potential Health Measurement Tools. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 97:462-477.e40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.08.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Chiarello LA, Bartlett DJ, Palisano RJ, McCoy SW, Fiss AL, Jeffries L, Wilk P. Determinants of participation in family and recreational activities of young children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil 2016; 38:2455-68. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2016.1138548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Chiarello
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Robert J. Palisano
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Westcott McCoy
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Lynn Jeffries
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centre, Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Piotr Wilk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Malkawi SH, Hamed RT, Abu-Dahab SMN, AlHeresh RA, Holm MB. Development of the Arabic Version of the Preschool Activity Card Sort (A-PACS). Child Care Health Dev 2015; 41:559-68. [PMID: 25338652 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study is to describe the process of developing the Arabic Version of the Preschool Activity Card Sort (A-PACS) derived from the Preschool Activity Card Sort (PACS), an internationally recognized tool, which uses parent interview, and photographs of pre-schoolers engaged in typical activities. BACKGROUND Measuring participation among preschool children in daily activities is an essential part of the evaluation process by occupational therapists, utilizing valid and culturally relevant measurement tools. Given the newness of the occupational therapy profession in the Arab world, a major obstacle is the dearth of measurement tools especially for pre-schoolers. METHODS Cultural adaptation of the PACS required a four phase process: collection of culturally appropriate activities using focus groups, translation, cognitive pilot testing and validation using two rounds of ranking (Delphi technique). Caregivers interviewed in all phases of the study included 115 participants. All were recruited from different geographical locations and socio-economic levels in Jordan, and were stratified by age and gender. RESULTS Ninety-five activities were generated in the final version of the A-PACS in which 23 were specific to the Arabic culture. The activities were categorized into self-care (17), community mobility (16), high demand leisure (11), low demand leisure (17), social interaction (15), domestic (8) and education (11). Based on the A-PACS, the most common five activities of Jordanian children were drinking, walking on stairs, eating a sandwich, gathering with family and kicking a ball. CONCLUSION A culturally adapted Arabic form of the PACS emerged from this investigation. This is the first step in developing a psychometrically sound assessment tool to evaluate participation of Arabic-speaking preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Malkawi
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - R T Hamed
- College of Health and Human Services, Department of Occupational Therapy, the University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - S M N Abu-Dahab
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - R A AlHeresh
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M B Holm
- SHRS, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Killeen H, Shiel A, Law M, Segurado R, O'Donovan D. The impact of preterm birth on participation in childhood occupation. Eur J Pediatr 2015; 174:299-306. [PMID: 25119818 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-014-2393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Outcome studies of premature babies have focused their assessments predominately on neurodevelopmental impairments without relating these deficits to the impact they have on a child's everyday life. This study aims to determine whether very 'preterm birth alone' impacts on a child's ability to participate in and carry out childhood activities. Forty-four former premature infants between 6 months and 5 years 6 months, born in Galway University Hospital, Ireland, without physical or intellectual disability, were compared with 51 age-matched term-born infants. Study infants had an average gestation of 29 weeks and birth weight of 1,145 g. Functional skills were assessed using the Adaptive Behavior Assessment Scale-II and the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation. Premature infants had significantly lower mean scores in overall adaptive behaviour compared to term infants, regardless of whether chronological (difference = 13.6, 95% (CI) = [8.2, 19.1]) or corrected (difference = 6.6, 95% CI = [1.4, 11.8]) age was used. Premature infants had lower mean scores in conceptual, social and practical skills, but no difference was found between the groups in intensity or diversity of participation. CONCLUSION Premature infants had significantly lower scores in adaptive behaviour than term infants. This measurable effect of preterm birth on 'childhood occupations' merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Killeen
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Newcastle road, Galway, Ireland,
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Nina K, Sigrid Ø. A comparative ICF-CY-based analysis and cultural piloting of the assessment of preschool children's participation (APCP). Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2015; 35:54-72. [PMID: 25231756 DOI: 10.3109/01942638.2014.957427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to assess and compare the content and measurement construct of a new measure, the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation (APCP), with other participation measures that have previously been linked to the ICF-CY, and pilot the APCP item relevance in a Norwegian context. METHODS All meaningful concepts in the APCP were linked to the ICF-CY and compared with the links of eight other preschool measures. The analysis of measurement construct was based on the attending/doing and involvement/engagement dimensions of participation. The pilot study was a survey among 36 parents of typically developing children. RESULTS Like most measures, the APCP has a relatively high content intensity on recreation and play, but differs by excluding self-care activities and including some learning activities. All instruments use objective indicators to measure participation. The APCP was not among the few that assessed subjective aspects of participation. The APCP items were found highly relevant in a Norwegian context, with the exception of a few organized activities taking place outside home environments. CONCLUSIONS Differences in content and measurement constructs and the cultural equivalence should be considered when selecting a participation instrument for use among preschool children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kløve Nina
- 1Centre of Habilitation, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust , Drammen , Norway
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Khetani MA, Graham JE, Davies PL, Law MC, Simeonsson RJ. Psychometric properties of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2015; 96:307-16. [PMID: 25449189 PMCID: PMC4306635 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Data were collected online and by telephone. PARTICIPANTS Convenience and snowball sampling methods were used to survey caregivers of children (N=395, comprising children with [n=93] and without [n=302] developmental disabilities and delays) between the ages of 0 and 5 years (mean age±SD, 35.33±20.29 mo) and residing in North America. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The YC-PEM includes 3 participation scales and 1 environment scale. Each scale is assessed across 3 settings: home, daycare/preschool, and community. Data were analyzed to derive estimates of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity. RESULTS Internal consistency ranged from .68 to .96 and .92 to .96 for the participation and environment scales, respectively. Test-retest reliability (2-4 wk) ranged from .31 to .93 for participation scales and from .91 to .94 for the environment scale. One of 3 participation scales and the environment scale demonstrated significant group differences by disability status across all 3 settings, and all 4 scales discriminated between disability groups for the daycare/preschool setting. The participation scales exhibited small to moderate positive associations with functional performance scores. CONCLUSIONS Results lend initial support for the use of the YC-PEM in research to assess the participation of young children with disabilities and delays in terms of (1) home, daycare/preschool, and community participation patterns; (2) perceived environmental supports and barriers to participation; and (3) activity-specific parent strategies to promote participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary A Khetani
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
| | - James E Graham
- Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Patricia L Davies
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Mary C Law
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Wu KP, Chuang YF, Chen CL, Liu IS, Liu HT, Chen HC. Predictors of participation change in various areas for preschool children with cerebral palsy: a longitudinal study. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 37:102-111. [PMID: 25460224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study identifies potential predictors of participation changes in various areas for preschool children with cerebral palsy (CP). Eighty children with CP (2-6 years) were enrolled. Seven potential predictors were identified: age; sex; socioeconomic status, CP subtype; cognitive function, Function Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM), and motor composite variable from 5 motor factors (gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) level; bimanual fine motor function level; selective motor control score; Modified Ashworth Scale score; and Spinal Alignment and Range of Motion Measure). Outcome was assessed at baseline and at 6-month follow-up using the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation (APCP) including diversity and intensity scores in the areas of play (PA), skill development (SD), active physical recreation, social activities (SA), and total areas. Dependent variables were change scores of APCP scores at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Regression analyses shows age and sex together predicted for APCP-total, APCP-SD diversity and APCP-total intensity changes (r(2)=0.13-0.25, p<0.001); cognitive function and WeeFIM were negative predictors for APCP-SA and APCP-PA diversity changes, respectively. CP subtype, motor composite variable, and socioeconomic status predicted for APCP changes in some areas. Findings suggest that young boys with poor cognitive function and daily activity predicted most on participation changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie P Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fu-Hsing St., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-fen Chuang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-ling Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fu-Hsing St., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - I-shu Liu
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang-tseng Liu
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Hsieh-ching Chen
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, 1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan.
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Crawford SK, Stafford KN, Phillips SM, Scott KJ, Tucker P. Strategies for inclusion in play among children with physical disabilities in childcare centers: an integrative review. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2014; 34:404-23. [PMID: 24712842 DOI: 10.3109/01942638.2014.904470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this integrative review was to examine strategies that facilitate inclusion in play among children with physical disabilities in childcare centers. Nine databases were systematically searched for peer reviewed empirical studies investigating inclusion strategies for play in childcare settings among preschoolers with physical disabilities. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were appraised using the McMaster Critical Review Forms. The inclusion approaches identified were grouped into relevant strategies during analysis. Two main strategies were identified: role of the adult facilitator and environmental factors. substrategies within the role of the adult facilitator included: customize approach for specific child's needs; adult facilitator self-awareness of presence; prompting and praise; and promote fairness, equity, and play interaction. Substrategies within the environmental factors included: physical setting; type of toys; and type of play activity. The findings suggest play inclusion strategies in the childcare environment. Therapists are encouraged to apply inclusion strategies to improve play opportunities for children with disabilities, but future research is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of these strategies using higher quality study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara K Crawford
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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42
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Houwen-van Opstal SLS, Jansen M, van Alfen N, de Groot IJM. Health-related quality of life and its relation to disease severity in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: satisfied boys, worrying parents--a case-control study. J Child Neurol 2014; 29:1486-95. [PMID: 24141275 DOI: 10.1177/0883073813506490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is expected to negatively influence the patients' health-related quality of life, but knowledge of the relationship with disease severity is limited. We investigated the relationship between health-related quality of life (KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire) and disease severity (clinical assessments of body functions and activities) in 40 boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (19 ambulant, 21 wheelchair dependent) who were in different phases of the disease and underwent life-limiting events such as the loss of the ability to ambulate and the ability to lift the arms. In addition, we compared boys' health-related quality of life perceptions with that of their parents. The participants' health-related quality of life was similar to healthy peers' and not influenced by disease severity, except for the physical domain. Parents scored much lower than the boys on the KIDSCREEN-52 domains Self Perception, Moods and Emotions, and Bullying. The latter finding needs attention in the management of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Jansen
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Department of Rehabilitation, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N van Alfen
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I J M de Groot
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Department of Rehabilitation, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Phillips R, Hogan A. Recreational participation and the development of social competence in preschool aged children with disabilities: a cross-sectional study. Disabil Rehabil 2014; 37:981-9. [PMID: 25113570 DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2014.949355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the association between participation and social competence for preschool aged children with and without disabilities. METHODS The sample was drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (n = 4983) which included children aged 4-5 years reported to have hearing problems (n = 164), vision problems (n = 146) and other physical disabilities (n = 114). Chi-square, correlation and logistic regression analyses were used to describe the participation and social competence of children with and without these conditions, as well as examine the association between these constructs. RESULTS Children with disabilities had similar levels of participation but lower social competence than children without these disabilities. Further analyses revealed a small negative correlation between the two variables (ranging from -0.120 to -0.300 for the three groups) and that children who have low participation are more likely to have abnormal levels of social competence than children with higher participation. CONCLUSIONS The association between participation and social competence may not be as strong for this age group as anticipated in the literature, additional factors may be influential. Examination of the social competence scores identified two factors which may assist in explaining the variance in scores: (1) the experience of disability and (2) the quality of interactions. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Children with disabilities who participate in similar activities to their typically developing peers may not necessarily develop commensurate levels of social competence. As well as focusing on increasing the participation of children in activities other factors that may have a stronger influence on social competence should be considered, such as supporting (1) the social experience of disability and (2) the quality of interactions that children with disabilities experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Phillips
- Institute for Governance and Policy Analysis, University of Canberra , Canberra, ACT , Australia
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Rainey L, van Nispen R, van der Zee C, van Rens G. Measurement properties of questionnaires assessing participation in children and adolescents with a disability: a systematic review. Qual Life Res 2014; 23:2793-808. [PMID: 24970678 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-014-0743-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To critically appraise the measurement properties of questionnaires measuring participation in children and adolescents (0-18 years) with a disability. METHODS Bibliographic databases were searched for studies evaluating the measurement properties of self-report or parent-report questionnaires measuring participation in children and adolescents (0-18 years) with a disability. The methodological quality of the included studies and the results of the measurement properties were evaluated using a checklist developed on consensus-based standards. RESULTS The search strategy identified 3,977 unique publications, of which 22 were selected; these articles evaluated the development and measurement properties of eight different questionnaires. The Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation was evaluated most extensively, generally showing moderate positive results on content validity, internal consistency, reliability and construct validity. The remaining questionnaires also demonstrated positive results. However, at least 50 % of the measurement properties per questionnaire were not (or only poorly) assessed. CONCLUSIONS Studies of high methodological quality, using modern statistical methods, are needed to accurately assess the measurement properties of currently available questionnaires. Moreover, consensus is required on the definition of the construct 'participation' to determine content validity and to enable meaningful interpretation of outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Rainey
- Department of Ophthalmology, EMGO + Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
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Myrhaug HT, Østensjø S. Motor training and physical activity among preschoolers with cerebral palsy: a survey of parents' experiences. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2014; 34:153-67. [PMID: 23841711 DOI: 10.3109/01942638.2013.810185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe motor training and physical activity among preschoolers with cerebral palsy (CP) in Norway, and assess associations between child, parent, and motor intervention characteristics, and parent-reported child benefits from interventions. METHOD Survey of 360 parents and data from the Norwegian CP follow-up program. The response rate was 34%. RESULTS During the six months preceding the time of the survey, 75% of the children performed gross-motor training, 73% fine-motor training, 80% manual stretching, and 67% participated regularly in physical activities. The training was highly goal-directed, intensive, frequently incorporated in daily routines, and often with a high level of parental involvement. The use of goals was associated with higher parent-reported child benefits for all types of interventions. Moreover, the positive relationship, which was indicated between frequency of training, parent education, and parent-reported child benefits of gross-motor training, was not seen for fine-motor training. CONCLUSION Parent-reported child benefits support goal-directed motor interventions, and the use of everyday activities to increase practice of motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Tinderholt Myrhaug
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway
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Chiarello LA, Palisano RJ, McCoy SW, Bartlett DJ, Wood A, Chang HJ, Kang LJ, Avery L. Child engagement in daily life: a measure of participation for young children with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil 2014; 36:1804-16. [DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2014.882417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bult MK, Verschuren O, Kertoy MK, Lindeman E, Jongmans MJ, Ketelaar M. Psychometric evaluation of the dutch version of the assessment of preschool children's participation (APCP): construct validity and test-retest reliability. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2013; 33:372-83. [PMID: 23477593 DOI: 10.3109/01942638.2013.764958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the Dutch translation of the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation (APCP) a participation measure for children aged 2 to 5 years and 11 months with and without physical disabilities. Parents of 126 preschool children participated. Sixty-seven of the children had no physical disabilities (mean age three years two months, SD 1.2) and 59 children had physical disabilities (mean age two years nine months, SD 1.8). Validity was tested using three hypotheses regarding having a physical disability, gender and age differences. Most, but not all hypotheses were confirmed. Children with a physical disability participated in fewer activities and with lower intensity than children without physical disabilities (p < .001). Boys and girls participated in an equally wide variety of activities and with similar intensity except for skill development. Four- to five-year-old children in general participated in more activities than two- to three-year-old children and had a higher intensity score (p < .001). For activity types, age differences were found for skill development (p < .001) and social activities (p < .001). Internal consistency was sufficient for four out of 10 activity types. Intra Class Correlations for test-retest reliability ranged from 63 to .91. Our findings indicate that the Dutch APCP shows sufficient psychometric properties for some but not all aspects of the measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen K Bult
- 1Rudolph Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Center de Hoogstraat, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Capacity to participation in cerebral palsy: evidence of an indirect path via performance. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2013; 94:2365-2372. [PMID: 23835350 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the hypothesis that the influence of physical activity capacity on participation is mediated through activity performance. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a prospective cross-sectional study sample. SETTING Regional pediatric specialty care hospital. PARTICIPANTS Children (N=128; 59% boys; age range, 2-9y) with cerebral palsy with Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I to III; 49% had hemiplegia, and 72% had spasticity. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Activity capacity was measured with the Gross Motor Function Measure-66, performance was measured with the Activities Scale for Kids, and participation was measured with the Assessment of Life Habits. Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment and the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation assessed diversity participation. Regression equations and Sobel z test were used to examine the mediated effect via performance. RESULTS Physical activity performance mediates 74.9% (β=.83, P<.001) of the effect of activity capacity on total participation levels and 52.8% (β=.47, P=.001) of the effect of capacity on diversity participation. CONCLUSIONS The relation between what an ambulatory child with cerebral palsy is able to perform in a clinical setting and their participation in life is significantly mediated by what they actually do motorically in day-to-day life. Results suggest that interventions focusing on improving what they actually do every day, regardless of their capacity to perform (what they can do when tested), may positively influence participation.
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King G. Perspectives on measuring participation: going forward. Child Care Health Dev 2013; 39:466-9. [PMID: 23763246 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G King
- Bloorview Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Chen CL, Chen CY, Shen IH, Liu IS, Kang LJ, Wu CY. Clinimetric properties of the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation in children with cerebral palsy. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2013; 34:1528-1535. [PMID: 23475003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the criterion-related validity and clinimetric properties of the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation (APCP) for children with cerebral palsy (CP). Eighty-two children with CP (age range, two to five years and 11 months) and their caregivers participated in this study. The APCP consists of diversity and intensity scores in the areas of play (PA), skill development (SD), active physical recreation (AP), social activities (SA), and total areas. Tests were administered at baseline and at six-month follow-up. Concurrent and predictive validities were identified by assessing the strength of correlations between APCP scores and criterion-related measures--the 66-item Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) and Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM). Responsiveness was measured by standardized response mean (SRM). Minimal detectable change (MDC) at the 95% confidence level (MDC95) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) were analyzed. The APCP with GMFM-66 and WeeFIM had fair to excellent concurrent validity (r=0.39-0.85) and predictive validity (r=0.46-0.82). The SRM values of the APCP diversity and intensity scales in all areas were 0.8-1.3. The MDC95 and MCID ranges for all areas (i.e., PA, SD, AP, SA, and total areas) were 0.1-0.7 and 0.4-1.2 points for intensity scores, respectively, and 4-17% and 10-19% for diversity scores, respectively. Therefore, the APCP scale was markedly responsive to change. Clinicians and researchers can use these clinimetric APCP data to determine whether a change score represents a "true" or clinically meaningful effect at post-treatment and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-ling Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5 Fu-Hsing Street, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
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