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Bartlett GR, Magson NM, Richardson CE, Rapee RM, Fardouly J, Oar EL. The meditating role of sleep in the longitudinal associations between peer victimization and internalizing symptoms: A cross-lagged panel analysis. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:878-892. [PMID: 36855808 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a time of heightened vulnerability for both peer victimization (PV) and internalizing symptoms. While the positive association between them is well established, there is little understanding of the mechanisms underpinning this relationship. To address this gap, the current study aimed to investigate sleep hygiene and school night sleep duration as individual and sequential mediators of the relationship between PV and both depressive and social anxiety symptoms during pre- to mid-adolescence. The study drew upon a community sample of 528 Australian youth aged 10-12 years at baseline (M age = 11.19, SD = .55; 51.1% boys) and data were collected over five annual measurement occasions. Direct and indirect longitudinal and bidirectional associations were examined using cross-lagged panel analysis. There was no evidence of sequential mediation through both sleep hygiene and sleep duration to depression and social anxiety. Instead, the findings show that sleep hygiene mediated the prospective association between PV and both depressive and social anxiety symptoms, and between PV and sleep duration. Overall, sleep hygiene represents a modifiable transdiagnostic factor that can be targeted to break the cycle of PV, inadequate sleep, and internalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian R Bartlett
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Natasha M Magson
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Cele E Richardson
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, Centre for Sleep Science, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ronald M Rapee
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jasmine Fardouly
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ella L Oar
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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2
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Koike C, Nestor B, Baumer A, Kossowsky J. The Indirect Effect of Sleep Quality on Stress-Related Psychosocial Outcomes in Adolescents: An Investigation Across Genders. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4184541. [PMID: 38645215 PMCID: PMC11030501 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4184541/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is foundational for adolescent psychosocial outcomes though often compromised by normative developmental changes and external factors. This cross-sectional study examined sleep quality as a mechanism linking stress and psychosocial outcomes and explored gender differences. Adolescents (N = 246; Mage=15.8; 46.3% female) completed self-report measures assessing sleep quality and psychosocial outcomes. Structural equation modeling results indicated sleep quality accounted for 78.4% of the total effect of stress on school functioning (b=-0.45, p < 0.001) and 54.2% of the total effect of stress on pain (b = 0.14, p = 0.002). A larger indirect effect of sleep quality on school functioning (b=-0.26, p = 0.016) emerged for boys than girls, and the effect of sleep quality on pain was significant only for girls (b = 0.18, p < 0.001, 69.6% of total effect). Sleep quality explained a large proportion of the effect of stress on school functioning and pain. Sleep quality represents a modifiable transdiagnostic pathway that may buffer the effects of stress in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Koike
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
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Huang X, Li Q, Hao Y, An N. The Relationship between a Competitive School Climate and School Bullying among Secondary Vocational School Students in China: A Moderated Mediation Model. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:129. [PMID: 38392482 PMCID: PMC10886260 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
School bullying is widespread in countries around the world and has a continuous negative impact on the physical and mental health of students. However, few studies have explored the influence mechanism of a competitive school climate on school bullying among Chinese secondary vocational school students. This study aims to explore the relationship between a competitive school climate and bullying in secondary vocational schools in the Chinese context, as well as the mediating role of school belonging and the moderating role of gender. Logit regression analysis and a moderated mediation model were used to analyze 1964 secondary vocational students from China based on PISA 2018 data from Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu, China. (1) The detection rate of school bullying in secondary vocational schools in China is 17.8%, lower than the world average. (2) A competitive school climate is significantly and positively correlated with secondary vocational school students' exposure to school bullying. (3) A moderated mediation model suggests that school belonging is an important mechanism by which a competitive school climate influences the occurrence of school bullying, whereas gender moderates the direct effect of a competitive school climate and the indirect effect of school belonging, which mitigates the negative effects of a competitive school climate to some extent. The research results show that creating a healthy competitive climate in schools, cultivating students' sense of belonging, and facing up to gender differences are helpful to prevent school bullying in secondary vocational schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhong Huang
- Normal School of Vocational Techniques, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Qianyu Li
- Normal School of Vocational Techniques, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yipu Hao
- School of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ni An
- Normal School of Vocational Techniques, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
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4
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Ding H, Cao L, Xu B, Li Y, Xie J, Wang J, Su P, Wang G. Involvement in bullying and sleep disorders in Chinese early adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1115561. [PMID: 37181869 PMCID: PMC10172573 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1115561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background School bullying may cause sleep disorders in early adolescents. Here, we determined the relationship between school bullying (considering all the features of bullying involvement) and sleep disorders, which are the common problems in Chinese early adolescents. Materials and methods We conducted a questionnaire survey among 5,724 middle school students from Xuancheng, Hefei, and Huaibei cities in Anhui province, China. The self-report questionnaires included the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We used latent class analysis to identify the potential subgroups of bullying behavior. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between school bullying and sleep disorders. Results Active participants in bullying interactions, including the bullies and victims, reported higher levels of sleep disorders compared with the non-active participants [Bully: physical (aOR = 2.62), verbal (aOR = 1.73), relational (aOR = 1.80), and cyber (aOR = 2.08); Victim: physical (aOR = 2.42), verbal (aOR = 2.59), relational (aOR = 2.61), and cyber (aOR = 2.81)]. A dose-response relationship was observed between the number of school bullying types and sleep disorders. In the context of bullying roles, bully-victims had the highest risk of reporting sleep disorders (aOR = 3.07, 95% CI: 2.55-3.69). We identified four potential categories of school bullying behaviors: low involvement in bullying, verbal and relational victims, medium bully-victims, and high bully-victims, and the highest frequency of sleep disorders was observed in the high bully-victims group (aOR = 4.12, 95% CI: 2.94-5.76). Conclusion Our findings indicate a positive correlation between bullying roles and sleep disorders in early adolescents. Therefore, targeted intervention for sleep disorders should include an evaluation of bullying experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ding
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Leilei Cao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Baoyu Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinyu Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- *Correspondence: Puyu Su,
| | - Gengfu Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Gengfu Wang,
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Sutter CC, Stickl Haugen J, Campbell LO, Tinstman Jones JL. School and electronic bullying among adolescents: Direct and indirect relationships with sadness, sleep, and suicide ideation. J Adolesc 2023; 95:82-96. [PMID: 36317502 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bullying is an increasing concern for education, health, and policy. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period for the development of depressive symptoms and suicidality following exposure to bullying. However, limited research investigating the potential impact of depressive symptoms on the bullying-suicide relationship exists. METHODS Using national data (N = 13,677) from the most recent 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, the aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence among adolescents' (school/electronic) bullying victimization, depressive symptoms (sadness; sleep), and suicide ideation as well as their associations including direct and indirect relationships including exploring differences by gender and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Descriptive results indicated an increase in the prevalence of adolescents being bullied (both on school property and electronically), experiencing feelings of sadness, and hopelessness as well as a decrease in getting more than 8 h of sleep between 2017 and 2019. In 2019, over one-third of respondents felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 weeks or more in a row, which stopped them from doing some usual activities. Structural equation modeling indicated that (school/electronic) bullying was directly associated with feelings of sadness/hopelessness and suicide ideation, with sadness mediating the link between bullying and suicide ideation. CONCLUSION Now more than ever, it is critical to promote the collaboration between educators, mental health specialists, policymakers, and researchers to develop and implement evidence-based strategies and approaches to preventing and reducing both bullying victimization and the associated psychological distress and mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia C Sutter
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Laurie O Campbell
- College of Community Innovation and Education, University of Central Florida, Orange County, Florida, USA
| | - Jessica L Tinstman Jones
- Department of Counseling, College of Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, Florida, USA
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6
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Chen Q, Chan KL, Chen M, Lo CKM, Ip P. Associating sleep quality, quality of life and child poly-victimization. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 133:105846. [PMID: 35994886 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of sleep deprivation in the relationship between child poly-victimization and pediatric quality of life (PedsQL) has received little attention. OBJECTIVE This study aims to provide a profile of the association between child victimization and poly-victimization and PedsQL among children, examining the role of sleep quality patterns in these relationships. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING We conducted a cross-sectional school survey study of family structure and child victimization among families in Hong Kong in 2016-17 with two-stage stratified sampling. The final sample consisted of 5, 567 students recruited from a representative sample of 107 kindergartens, primary schools, and secondary schools in all districts of Hong Kong. METHODS Multi-phase regression analysis and simple slope analysis were conducted to examine the moderating effects of sleep quality between child victimization and PedsQL. RESULTS The findings showed that children who experienced four or more types of victimization were more likely to show parasomnia and daytime dysfunction symptoms than those experiencing one to three types of victimization and non-victims. It also revealed significant relationships between child poly-victimization and lower levels of PedsQL, which were moderated by parasomnia and daytime dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS This study has implications for clinicians in targeting the pattern of sleep changes combined with holistic screening in outpatient services for early detection of child poly-victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Chen
- Department of Social Work, Xiamen University, China
| | - Ko Ling Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
| | - Mengtong Chen
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Camilla Kin-Ming Lo
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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7
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Van Veen M, Lancel M, Şener O, Verkes R, Bouman E, Rutters F. Observational and experimental studies on sleep duration and aggression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 64:101661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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8
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Chang FC, Chiu CH, Chen PH, Chiang JT, Miao NF, Chuang HY, Huang WQ, Tseng CC. Smartphone addiction and victimization predicts sleep problems and depression among children. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 64:e24-e31. [PMID: 35101352 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study we examined the phenomena of smartphone addiction, online harassment, and school bullying/victimization to predict the prospective influence these could have on the onset and persistence of sleep problems and depression among children. METHODS Responses from 2155 fifth-grade children recruited from 30 primary schools in Taipei were assessed, and a follow-up was performed in the 6th grade. Self-administered questionnaires were collected for each year. FINDINGS Children who reported smartphone addictions, online harassment, and school bullying/victimization coupled with an increase in those factors were more likely to experience the onset and persistence of sleep problems. In addition, children who reported smartphone addiction, online harassment, school bullying/victimization, and poor sleep quality were more likely to experience the onset and persistence of depression. IMPLICATIONS School nurses or pediatric nurses should be able to assess children's Internet use and risks to understand potential influences on sleep quality and mental status and provide recommendations for children, parents and schools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fong-Ching Chang
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Hui Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Hung Chen
- The Graduate Institute of Mass Communication, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan.
| | | | - Nae-Fang Miao
- College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Yi Chuang
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Quan Huang
- National Health Insurance Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan.
| | - Chie-Chien Tseng
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan.
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9
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Paiva T, Canas-Simião H. Sleep and violence perpetration: A review of biological and environmental substrates. J Sleep Res 2022; 31:e13547. [PMID: 35037316 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Violence is a worldwide societal burden that negatively impacts individual health, wellbeing and economic development. Evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between sleep changes and violence. This review details, evaluates and discusses the biological and demographic substrates linking sleep and violence perpetration, and summarizes the overlap of brain areas, functional neuronal systems and genetic features involved, not including violent behaviours during sleep. Knowledge on the biological variables that affect the individual's susceptibility to violent behaviour may have implications for criminology, management of detentions and rehabilitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Paiva
- Sleep and Medicine Center (CENC), Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Instituto de Saúde Ambiental - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo Canas-Simião
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO); Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC); Sleep and Medicine Center (CENC), Lisbon, Portugal
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10
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Dantchev S, Zemp M. Sibling, Peer, and Cyber Bullying Among Children and Adolescents: Co-occurrence and Implications for Their Adjustment. Front Psychol 2021; 12:761276. [PMID: 35002854 PMCID: PMC8728088 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.761276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullying across the sibling, peer, and cyber context has consistently been associated with a range of long-term health and well-being consequences for children and adolescents. Although research examining different bullying forms simultaneously in the same study are emerging, it remains unclear to what extend sibling, peer, and cyber bullying co-occur and in what ways they are associated. Moreover, previous work has demonstrated that children and adolescents who experience multiple forms of victimization are at a particular risk of adverse outcomes. However, whether different constellations of co-occurring bullying forms have differential impacts has not yet been investigated sufficiently. The aim of the present study was to examine the frequencies of isolated and co-occurring sibling, peer, and cyber bullying as well as to explore their independent and cumulative relationships with child adjustment. This study was based on a sample of 329 children and adolescents aged between 9 and 15. Bullying experiences across the sibling, peer, and cyber context in the previous 6 months were assessed via self-report. Youth further reported on emotional problems, conduct problems, sleep problems, and academic achievement via an online questionnaire. Sibling, peer, and cyber bullying were uniquely associated with child outcomes. A cumulative relationship between bullying victimization across contexts and emotional problems, conduct problems, and sleep problems could be identified, while bullying perpetration across contexts was only linked to more conduct problems in a cumulative manner. The findings have important practical implications arguing for the adoption of a holistic approach toward bullying in prevention and intervention.
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11
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Hysing M, Askeland KG, La Greca AM, Solberg ME, Breivik K, Sivertsen B. Bullying Involvement in Adolescence: Implications for Sleep, Mental Health, and Academic Outcomes. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP8992-NP9014. [PMID: 31179829 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519853409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents' involvement in bullying is associated with both sleep and mental health problems, but the nature of this association remains unclear; further, its association with academic outcomes has received little attention. Thus, the aims of the current study were to (a) determine whether involvement in bullying as a victim, bully, or bully-victim was associated with greater sleep and mental health problems and (b) explore the potential mediating effect of sleep and mental health problems on the association between bullying and academic outcomes. A large 2012 population-based study in Hordaland County, Norway, surveyed 10,220 adolescents (16-19 years; 54% girls) about bullying involvement using the revised version of the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire, detailed sleep assessment, and mental health questionnaires. Academic outcomes were obtained from official administrative registries. 1.7% of the adolescents (n = 156) reported being victims of bullying, 1.0% (n = 92) reported being a bully, and 0.5% (n = 50) reported being a bully-victim. All categories of bullying involvement had higher rates of mental health problems compared with adolescents not involved in bullying. Victims reported more symptoms of anxiety and depression, whereas bullies reported higher rates of conduct problems. Adolescents in all bullying categories also reported significantly shorter sleep duration and higher prevalence of insomnia as well as lower grade point average (GPA) compared with adolescents not involved; however, school absence was not associated with bullying involvement. Bullying involvement and GPA showed complete mediation for bullies and bully-victims and partial mediation for victims through sleep duration, conduct problems, and symptoms of depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Bullying is strongly associated with mental health and sleep problems, in addition to lower academic performance. Findings support the importance of addressing bullying involvement during this important developmental period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Hysing
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristin Gärtner Askeland
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Mona E Solberg
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kyrre Breivik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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12
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Roza TH, Yano VAN, Roza SA, Santo JB, Cunha JMD. Bullying Victimization and Friendship as Influences on Sleep Difficulty among Brazilian Adolescents. J Genet Psychol 2021; 182:348-360. [PMID: 33818310 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2021.1905597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bullying victimization is associated with poor health-related outcomes, including sleeping problems. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of bullying victimization on sleep difficulty, and the moderating effect of the number of close friends on this association, also exploring differences across genders. The study was based on a nationally-representative survey on adolescent health conducted in Brazilian schools, involving a total of 109,104 participants, enrolled at the 9th year in 2012. The measures used in the analysis included socio-demographic characteristics, bullying victimization, sleep difficulty, and number of close friends. In the multilevel models, reporting more peer victimization was associated with more sleep difficulties (b = .18, t = 50.17, p < .05), with girls reporting more sleep difficulties in association with peer victimization than boys. Reporting having more friends was inversely linked to sleep difficulties (b = -.08, t = -15.26, p < .05), and the association between peer victimization and sleep difficulties was significantly buffered by the number of friends. Moreover, in a three way interaction, there was a marginally significant difference in the effect of friends on the link between victimization and sleep difficulties between boys and girls (b = .02, t = 1.86, p = .06), with the buffering effect of friendships being negligible among girls as opposed to boys. The results indicate a significant association between bullying victimization and sleep difficulties, which seems to be more pronounced among girls, also suggesting that the number of close friends may buffer this association, mainly for boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Henrique Roza
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE) and Centro de Pesquisa Clínica (CPC), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM) , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Vitor Atsushi Nozaki Yano
- Graduate Program of Education, Departamento de Teoria e Fundamentos da Educação, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - Sarah Aline Roza
- Graduate Program of Education, Departamento de Teoria e Fundamentos da Educação, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - Jonathan Bruce Santo
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska at Omaha , Omaha , Nebraska , United States
| | - Josafá Moreira da Cunha
- Graduate Program of Education, Departamento de Teoria e Fundamentos da Educação, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) , Curitiba , Brazil
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Hansson E, Garmy P, Vilhjálmsson R, Kristjánsdóttir G. Bullying, health complaints, and self-rated health among school-aged children and adolescents. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060519895355. [PMID: 32054367 PMCID: PMC7105741 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519895355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the current study was to examine whether health complaints and self-reported health were associated with bullying victimization in a large cohort of Icelandic children and adolescents. Methods In this study, we used data from a school-based cross-sectional survey, specifically, the Icelandic contribution to the international research network Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC). The study population included all students throughout Iceland in grades 6, 8, and 10 (mean age 13 years, standard deviation 1.61). The participation rate was 84% (N = 11,018). Participating students completed an anonymous standardized questionnaire in their classrooms. Results Bullying victimization was associated with feeling depressed (odds ratio 2.61), having difficulty falling asleep, dizziness, and low self-reported health. No differences were found between sex and age groups. Conclusions Children and adolescents who are bullied appear to more often experience depression, difficulties falling asleep, dizziness, and poor health; however, health complaints were also relatively high among non-bullied children and adolescents. Bullying prevention measures must be implemented in children’s and adolescents’ social environments. In addition to assessing bullying interventions, further research should focus on methods of enhancing resilience in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Hansson
- Faculty of Education, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Garmy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.,Clinical Health Promotion Centre, Medical Faculty, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rúnar Vilhjálmsson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Gudrún Kristjánsdóttir
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
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14
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Van Meter AR, Anderson EA. Evidence Base Update on Assessing Sleep in Youth. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 49:701-736. [PMID: 33147074 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1802735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is vital to youth well-being and when it becomes disturbed - whether due to environmental or individual factors - mental and physical health suffer. Sleep problems can also be a symptom of underlying mental health disorders. Assessing different components of sleep, including quality and hygiene, can be useful both for identifying mental health problems and for measuring changes in well-being over time. However, there are dozens of sleep-related measures for youth and it can be difficult to determine which to select for a specific research or clinical purpose. The goal of this review was to identify sleep-related measures for clinical and/or research use in youth mental health settings, and to update the evidence base on this topic. METHOD We generated a list of candidate measures based on other reviews and searched in PubMed and PsycINFO using the terms "sleep" AND (measure OR assessment OR questionnaire) AND (psychometric OR reliability OR validity). Search results were limited to studies about children and adolescents (aged 2-17) published in English. Additional criteria for inclusion were that there had to be at least three publications reporting on the measure psychometrics in community or mental health populations. Sleep measures meeting these criteria were evaluated using the criteria set by De Los Reyes and Langer (2018). RESULTS Twenty-six measures, across four domains of sleep - insomnia, sleep hygiene, sleepiness, sleep quality - met inclusion criteria. Each measure had at least adequate clinical utility. No measure(s) emerged as superior across psychometric domains. CONCLUSION Clinicians and researchers must evaluate sleep measures for each use case, as the intended purpose will dictate which measure is best. Future research is necessary to evaluate measure performance in transdiagnostic mental health populations, including youth with serious mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna R Van Meter
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital.,Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Institute for Behavioral Science.,Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
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Community violence exposure and cortisol awakening responses in adolescents who are overweight/obese. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 121:104842. [PMID: 32892064 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community violence exposure has been identified as a salient environmental stressor associated with dysregulated cortisol awakening response (CAR), which may act to exacerbate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation observed in adolescents who are overweight/obese. PURPOSE To perform an exploratory cross-sectional analysis examining the association between community violence exposure and CAR in adolescents who are overweight/obese. METHODS One-hundred adolescents (ages: 13-19 years; 65% female; average BMI percentile: 93.80 ± 4.13) were included in this analysis. Community violence exposure was measured using the Survey of Children's Exposure to Community Violence. Salivary cortisol collected across three days at awakening and 30 min post-awakening was used to calculate CAR area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS Community violence exposure was associated with a lower CAR AUC when controlling for baseline cortisol, sex, BMI, pubertal development, race and perceived stress (β = -0.04 ± 0.02; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Findings from this study identified cross-sectional association between community violence and HPA dysregulation in adolescents who were overweight/obese. If long-term exposure to community violence does indeed accelerate HPA dysregulation in adolescents at increased weight status, policymakers and interventionists should consider implementing programs that limit adolescent violence exposure.
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Colman I, Goldfield GS, Janssen I, Wang J, Hamilton HA, Chaput JP. Associations between the Canadian 24 h movement guidelines and different types of bullying involvement among adolescents. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2020; 108:104638. [PMID: 32736233 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth recommend ≥60 min of physical activity per day, ≤2 h of recreational screen time per day, and 9-11 hours of sleep per night for 11-13 years old and 8-10 hours per night for 14-17 years old. OBJECTIVE This study examined the association between combinations of these recommendations and school bullying and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration among adolescents. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A total of 5615 Canadian students (mean age = 15.2 years) who participated in the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey (OSDUHS) self-reported their physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, and their involvement in bullying. METHODS Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for important covariates. RESULTS Meeting the screen time recommendation alone was associated with lower odds of being a victim (OR: 0.64; 95 % CI: 0.46-0.88) or a bully (OR: 0.64; 95 % CI: 0.43-0.96) at school and a victim of cyberbullying (OR: 0.67; 95 % CI: 0.49-0.91). Meeting both the screen time and sleep duration recommendations was associated with lower odds of being a bully (OR: 0.51; 95 % CI: 0.30-0.88). Meeting all 3 recommendations showed stronger associations (i.e. lowest risk) with being a victim of school bullying (OR: 0.32; 95 % CI: 0.19-0.54), a bully-victim (OR: 0.25; 95 % CI: 0.08-0.78) or a victim of cyberbullying (OR: 0.37; 95 % CI: 0.17-0.84). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that meeting the 24 -h movement guidelines is associated with lower odds of bullying involvement. Encouraging adherence to the 24 -h movement guidelines could be a good behavioural target to prevent involvement in both school bullying and cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gary S Goldfield
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Janssen
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - JianLi Wang
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hayley A Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Kwon M, Seo YS, Nickerson AB, Dickerson SS, Park E, Livingston JA. Sleep Quality as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Cyber Victimization and Depression. J Nurs Scholarsh 2020; 52:416-425. [PMID: 32510831 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cyber victimization is a national mental health concern, especially among adolescents who are digital natives. The current study examined sleep quality as a mediator of the association between cyber victimization and depressive symptoms among adolescents. DESIGN AND METHOD A prospective study design was utilized with a community sample of adolescents (N = 801; 57% female; mean age = 14.45, SD = .85) from the eastern United States. Participants completed (a) the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; (b) the Cyber Victimization Scale; and (c) the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised via online surveys at baseline and 6-month follow-up. The inter-relationship between variables was analyzed by Hayes' mediation approach. FINDINGS Cyber victimization was not directly associated with having depressive symptoms 6 months later when controlling for adolescents' poor sleep quality, sex, and age (direct effect [c'] = .012, t(676) = 1.12, p < .05, confidence interval [CI] -.008, .036). The mediation analysis indicated a significant indirect effect of poor sleep quality on the relationship between cyber victimization and depressive symptoms (ab = .005, bootstrapped standard error [SE] = .003, bootstrapped CI .001, .011; a is the effect of cyber victimization on poor sleep quality; b is the effect of poor sleep quality on depressive symptoms). Specifically, adolescents' cyber victimization led to poor sleep quality (a = .039, SE = .041, p < .05), which also led to increased depressive symptoms (b = .116, SE = .019, p < .001), after controlling for depressive symptoms at baseline, sex, and age. The indirect effect of cyber victimization on depressive symptoms was estimated through poor sleep quality (a*b = .039(.116) = .0045). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that poor sleep quality may be a mechanism through which cyber bullying is related prospectively to depressive symptoms. Interventions for cyber-victimized adolescents should include assessment of sleep quality and incorporate sleep hygiene education. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Adolescents should be screened for cyber victimization and sleep quality. Moreover, promotion of sleep hygiene among cyber-victimized adolescents may help to reduce depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misol Kwon
- Gamma Kappa, Doctoral Student, School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Young S Seo
- Database Manager, School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Amanda B Nickerson
- Professor and Director, Alberti Center for Bullying Abuse Prevention, Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Suzanne S Dickerson
- Gamma Kappa, Department Chair, Biobehavioral Health & Clinical Sciences, and Professor, School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Eunhee Park
- Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer A Livingston
- Associate Professor, School of Nursing, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Jiang Y, Li X, Zilioli S, Zhao J, Zhao G. Effects of Peer Victimization and Perceived Social Support on Daily Negative Affect and Sleep Outcomes. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2020; 29:1374-1384. [PMID: 36872950 PMCID: PMC9979617 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-019-01656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of peer victimization-measured at the daily and cumulative levels-on daily negative affect and multiple sleep parameters including subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep continuity (i.e., night awakening) among children affected by parental HIV from rural China. This study also aimed to test the moderation effects of perceived social support and sex in these associations. METHODS A total of 637 children (50.4% boys, 8-15 years of age) affected by parental HIV self-reported measures on cumulative peer victimization (i.e., the experience of victimization during the past 6 months) and perceived social support. They were also asked to report daily peer victimization, daily negative affect, and sleep outcomes over three consecutive days. RESULTS Multilevel models showed that cumulative peer victimization was associated with both daily negative affect and night awakenings, whereas these associations became statistically nonsignificant after controlling for trait negative affect. Daily peer victimization was significantly related to daily negative affect. All these associations were consistent for boys and girls. There were no buffering effects of perceived social support on these associations. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that peer victimization may contribute to daily negative emotional experiences among children affected by parental HIV. Interventions targeting psychological wellbeing among children affected by parental HIV may need to incorporate peer victimization component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Jiang
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Samuele Zilioli
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- International Research Center for Psychological Health of Vulnerable Populations, Henan University, Henan, China
| | - Guoxiang Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Henan Normal University, Henan, China
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Alfonsi V, Scarpelli S, D’Atri A, Stella G, De Gennaro L. Later School Start Time: The Impact of Sleep on Academic Performance and Health in the Adolescent Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072574. [PMID: 32283688 PMCID: PMC7177233 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The crucial role of sleep in physical and mental health is well known, especially during the developmental period. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in examining the relationship between sleep patterns and school performance in adolescents. At this stage of life, several environmental and biological factors may affect both circadian and homeostatic regulation of sleep. A large part of this population does not experience adequate sleep, leading to chronic sleep restriction and/or disrupted sleep–wake cycles. Studies investigating the effects of different sleep–wake schedules on academic achievement showed that impaired sleep quality and quantity are associated with decreased learning ability and compromised daytime functioning. This review focuses on the most recent studies that evaluated the effects of modified school start time on sleep patterns and related outcomes. Moreover, based on the available empirical evidence, we intend to propose a direction for future studies targeted to implement prevention or treatment programs by modifying sleep timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Alfonsi
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.A.); (A.D.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Aurora D’Atri
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Giacomo Stella
- Department of Education and Human Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Luigi De Gennaro
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.A.); (A.D.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-49917647
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Sun W, Ling J, Zhu X, Lee TMC, Li SX. Associations of weekday-to-weekend sleep differences with academic performance and health-related outcomes in school-age children and youths. Sleep Med Rev 2019; 46:27-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Zimmer‐Gembeck MJ, Duffy AL, Stuart J. Let’s get physical: Recent research on relations of adolescent peer victimization with psychosomatic symptoms, sleep, and body weight. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jabr.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda L. Duffy
- School of Applied Psychology Griffith University Southport Queensland Australia
| | - Jaimee Stuart
- School of Applied Psychology Griffith University Southport Queensland Australia
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Chaput JP, Hamilton HA, Colman I. Bullying involvement, psychological distress, and short sleep duration among adolescents. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:1371-1380. [PMID: 30167732 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research has found links between involvement in bullying and sleep duration in adolescents. However, little is known about the factors that might mediate these relationships. This study examined the associations between cyberbullying victimization and school bullying involvement (bully, victim, bully-victim) with short sleep duration in a large sample of middle and high school students and tested whether psychological distress mediates these relationships. METHODS Data on 5061 students (49% females; mean age = 15.1 years) from the 2015 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey were used. Participants self-reported their sleep duration and their levels of bullying involvement over the past year. Psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler 6 (K6) scale. Covariates in multiple linear regression analyses included age, sex, racial background, socioeconomic status, and substance use. RESULTS Being a victim of cyberbullying (β = - 1.179; 95% CI - 0.238; - 0.120) or school bullying (β = - 0.119; 95% CI - 0.190; - 0.049) was associated with short sleep duration. Mediation analyses suggested that psychological distress fully mediates the relationships between being cyberbullied, a school bullying victim or bully-victim with short sleep duration. There was a complementary mediation by psychological distress on the relationship between being a bully at school and short sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that higher levels of bullying involvement place adolescents at risk of developing higher psychological distress which, in turn, can lead to short sleep duration. Longitudinal research is necessary to confirm the mediating role of psychological distress on the relationship between bullying involvement and short sleep duration among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada. .,Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hayley A Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
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Na H, Park H. Longitudinal effects of insufficient sleep on psychological problems among adolescent bullies based on Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:786-792. [PMID: 30454618 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate longitudinal effects of insufficient sleep on psychological problems among bullies and neutral students using the Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) collected from 8th to 10th graders. At the first wave, 6.4% of students reported that they had bullied other students two or more times. Bullies having insufficient sleep duration at the first wave exhibited significantly higher aggression levels than bullies with sufficient sleep over time. Among neutral students, sleep insufficiency showed no longitudinal relationship with aggression. Our findings confirm that insufficient sleep was an associated factor for chronically elevated aggression among bullies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoo Na
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Secho-Gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hanjong Park
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Secho-Gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Mountcastle HD, Park SH, Al-Ajlouni YA, Goedel WC, Cook S, Lupien S, Obasi EM, Hale L, Jean-Louis G, Redline S, Duncan DT. Stress levels are associated with poor sleep health among sexual minority men in Paris, France. Sleep Health 2018; 4:436-441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sleep it off: Bullying and sleep disturbances in adolescents. J Adolesc 2018; 68:87-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Silva JLD, Mello FCMD, Oliveira WAD, Prado RRD, Silva MAI, Malta DC. VITIMIZAÇÃO POR BULLYING EM ESTUDANTES BRASILEIROS: RESULTADOS DA PESQUISA NACIONAL DE SAÚDE DO ESCOLAR (PENSE). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-07072018000310017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de vitimização por bullying em estudantes brasileiros e analisar sua associação com variáveis individuais e de contexto. Método: estudo transversal, de base populacional, com dados provenientes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar. Participaram 109.104 estudantes do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de escolas públicas e privadas. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de um questionário autoaplicável. Foi testado o modelo de associação entre o bullying e variáveis sociodemográficas (idade, raça/cor da pele autodeclarada e escolaridade da mãe), de saúde mental (sentimento de solidão, insônia e falta de amigos), de contexto familiar (apanhar em casa), absenteísmo escolar (falta às aulas) e comportamento de risco para a saúde (experimentação de drogas). Foram realizadas análises uni e multivariadas. Resultados: a prevalência de vitimização foi de 7,2%. Os meninos e as meninas de 14 e 15 anos sofreram menos bullying, e as meninas menores de 13 anos sofreram mais (OR: 1,48, IC95%: 1,02-2,15). Foram mais vítimas meninos indígenas (OR: 1,37, IC95%: 1,15-1,65), meninas pretas (OR: 1,24, IC95%: 1,09-1,40) e meninas amarelas (OR: 1,43, IC95%: 1,21-1,70). Sentir-se solitário, não ter amigos, ter insônia, faltar às aulas, sofrer violência física na família e possuir mãe com baixa escolaridade foram variáveis associadas à vitimização para meninos e meninas e usar drogas, somente para as meninas (OR: 1,19, IC95%: 1,03-1,37). Conclusão: os resultados indicam que a vitimização por bullying interfere na escolaridade e na saúde dos estudantes. Dados que podem subsidiar iniciativas de enfrentamento do bullying e de promoção de saúde nas escolas.
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Gariépy G, Riehm KE, Whitehead RD, Doré I, Elgar FJ. Teenage night owls or early birds? Chronotype and the mental health of adolescents. J Sleep Res 2018; 28:e12723. [PMID: 29998523 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the timing of sleep (chronotype) impacts mental health in young people, but previous studies have not accounted for sleep duration or school start time in this association, or examined a broad range of mental outcomes. In this study, we investigated the association between chronotype and mental health in a representative sample of adolescents from the 2014 Canadian Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children survey (29,635 students, 362 schools). We examined positive and negative aspects of mental health, using scores for emotional problems (range 0-33), emotional well-being (0-22), behavioural problems (0-28) and prosocial behaviours (0-25). We estimated chronotype using the time of mid-sleep on weekends and examined the associations using multilevel regressions, adjusted for sleep duration, school start time, individual, family and geographic characteristics. The average time of mid-sleep (chronotype) was 04:11 hr. An hour delay in mid-sleep time was associated with more emotional problems (0.34 [95% confidence interval 0.23, 0.45] point higher score), more behavioural problems (2.0% [95% confidence interval 1.4%, 2.6%] higher score), less emotional well-being (0.19 [95% confidence interval 0.09, 0.20] point lower score), and fewer prosocial behaviours (0.18 [95% confidence interval 0.08, 0.29] point lower score). A later chronotype was associated with poorer mental health, independent of sleep duration and school start time, and across internalizing and externalizing mental health domains. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying this association. The timing of sleep, and not just its duration, may be an additional consideration for youth mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Gariépy
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kira E Riehm
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Isabelle Doré
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Frank J Elgar
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Dolsen MR, Wyatt JK, Harvey AG. Sleep, Circadian Rhythms, and Risk Across Health Domains in Adolescents With an Evening Circadian Preference. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 48:480-490. [PMID: 29368957 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2017.1416620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sleep and circadian rhythm changes during adolescence contribute to increased risk across emotional, behavioral, cognitive, social, and physical health domains. This study examines if sleep and dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) are related to greater risk in these 5 health domains. Participants were 163 (93 female, age = 14.7 years) adolescents with an evening circadian preference from a study funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Sleep and circadian measures included weekday total sleep time (TST), bedtime, and shut-eye time assessed via sleep diary, the Children's Morningness-Eveningness Preferences scale, and DLMO. Health domains included self-reported emotional, cognitive, behavioral, social, and physical health. Later DLMO was significantly associated with shorter weekday TST, later weekday bedtime, and later weekday shut-eye time, as well as lower risk in the behavioral domain. At the trend level, later DLMO was related to fewer physical health problems. Earlier DLMO combined with a later bedtime, later shut-eye time, or shorter TST predicted greater risk in the cognitive domain. Later DLMO and shorter TST or a later bedtime predicted worse physical health. DLMO timing was not related to the emotional or social domain. There is evidence that a discrepancy between sleep behaviors and the endogenous circadian rhythm may be related to risk in the cognitive domain for adolescents with an evening circadian preference. Preliminary evidence also indicated that a delayed DLMO and shorter TST or a later bedtime may be related to vulnerability to physical health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James K Wyatt
- b Department of Behavioral Sciences , Rush University Medical Center
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Patte KA, Qian W, Leatherdale ST. Modifiable predictors of insufficient sleep durations: A longitudinal analysis of youth in the COMPASS study. Prev Med 2018; 106:164-170. [PMID: 29109016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to simultaneously examine commonly proposed risk and protective factors for sleep deprivation over time among a large cohort of Ontario and Alberta secondary school students. Using 4-year linked longitudinal data from youth in years 1 through 4 (Y1[2012/2013], Y2[2013/2014], Y3[2014/2015], Y4[2015/2016]) of the COMPASS study (n=26,205), the likelihood of students meeting contemporary sleep recommendations was tested based on their self-reported substance use, bullying victimization, physical activity, and homework and screen time. Models controlled for the effect of student-reported gender, race/ethnicity, grade, school clustering, and all other predictor variables. Relative to baseline, students became less likely to meet the sleep recommendations if at follow-up they had initiated binge drinking, experienced cyber bullying victimization, or were spending more time doing homework, with other factors held constant. The likelihood of reporting sufficient sleep increased if students had begun engaging in resistance training at least three times a week. No longitudinal effect was observed when students increased their caffeine consumption (energy drinks, coffee/tea), initiated cannabis or tobacco use, experienced other forms of bullying victimization (physical, verbal, or belongings), engaged in more moderate-vigorous physical activity, or increased their screen use of any type. Few of the commonly purported modifiable risk and protective factors for youth sleep deprivation held in multinomial longitudinal analyses. Causal conclusions appear premature, with further research required to confirm the targets likely to be most effective in assisting more youth in meeting the sleep recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, Niagara Region, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Wei Qian
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Li P, Huang Y, Guo L, Wang W, Xi C, Lei Y, Luo M, Pan S, Deng X, Zhang WH, Lu C. Is sexual minority status associated with poor sleep quality among adolescents? Analysis of a national cross-sectional survey in Chinese adolescents. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017067. [PMID: 29282258 PMCID: PMC5770949 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have suggested that sexual minorities are more likely to have poor sleep quality. This study aims to explore sleep quality among sexual minority adolescents and examines the association between sexual minority status and sleep quality. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING A total of 506 high schools in seven Chinese provinces. PARTICIPANTS A total of 150 822 students in grades 7-12 completed the questionnaires, and 123 459 students who reported being aware of their sexual orientation were included in analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, sexual attraction and school bullying victimisation. RESULTS Of the 123 459 students who were analysed, 5.00% self-reported as sexual minorities. Only 26.67% of sexual minority students slept 8 or more hours/day, which is less than their heterosexual peers (35.70%; χ2=130.04, P<0.001). Of the total sample, 22.41% of the students reported poor sleep quality, and this prevalence was significantly higher in sexual minority students than in heterosexual students (32.56% vs 21.87%; χ2=281.70, P<0.001). After controlling for social demographics, lifestyle and depressive symptoms, sexual minority students had higher odds of poor sleep quality (adjusted OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.51) than their heterosexual peers. The indirect effect of school bullying victimisation (standardised β estimate=0.007, 95% CI 0.006 to 0.009) was significant, indicating that school bullying victimisation partially mediated the association between sexual minority status and sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that poor sleep quality was common in sexual minority adolescents, and more attention should be paid to sleep problems in this population. Conducting interventions to reduce school bullying behaviours is an important step to improving sleep quality in sexual minority adolescents. Further, studies are warranted that focus on the risk factors and mechanisms of and interventions for sleep problems in sexual minority adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengsheng Li
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yeen Huang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanxin Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuhao Xi
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiling Lei
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Pan
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqing Deng
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-hong Zhang
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Research Center, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Ciyong Lu
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Diet quality and bullying among a cross-national sample of youth. Prev Med 2017; 105:359-365. [PMID: 29056315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bullying perpetration and victimization have been linked to a number of high-risk health behaviors, including involvement in sedentary activities and sleep deprivation. Even so, the link between diet quality and bullying is generally overlooked. The present study examines the associations between diet quality, bully perpetration, and bully victimization in a cross-national sample of adolescents. Data come from the Health Behaviors of School Children (HBSC) survey, 2005/2006 (N=142,828-143,425). Youths from 41 countries/regions in North America and Europe reported features of their social context, various health behaviors, and their involvement in bullying. Approximately 11% of youth in the sample bully other youths at least 2-3 times a month, whereas 13% of youth are bullied by other youths at least 2-3 times a month. Logistic regression analyses revealed that youths with low quality diets incurred a 123% increase in the odds of attaining bully status, relative to youths with high quality diets. No such association was detected between diet quality and victim status. Results also suggest that the association between low diet quality and bully perpetration is significantly more pronounced in very developed nations (relative to developed nations). Dietary behaviors may be an important point of intervention in the effort to minimize the prevalence of bullying among youths, particularly in very developed nations. Scholars should seek to build upon the current study by exploring the mechanisms (e.g., low self-control) that might explain the association between diet quality and bullying.
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LeBourgeois MK, Hale L, Chang AM, Akacem LD, Montgomery-Downs HE, Buxton OM. Digital Media and Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence. Pediatrics 2017; 140:S92-S96. [PMID: 29093040 PMCID: PMC5658795 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-1758j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the pervasive use of screen-based media and the high prevalence of insufficient sleep among American youth and teenagers, this brief report summarizes the literature on electronic media and sleep and provides research recommendations. Recent systematic reviews of the literature reveal that the vast majority of studies find an adverse association between screen-based media consumption and sleep health, primarily via delayed bedtimes and reduced total sleep duration. The underlying mechanisms of these associations likely include the following: (1) time displacement (ie, time spent on screens replaces time spent sleeping and other activities); (2) psychological stimulation based on media content; and (3) the effects of light emitted from devices on circadian timing, sleep physiology, and alertness. Much of our current understanding of these processes, however, is limited by cross-sectional, observational, and self-reported data. Further experimental and observational research is needed to elucidate how the digital revolution is altering sleep and circadian rhythms across development (infancy to adulthood) as pathways to poor health, learning, and safety outcomes (eg, obesity, depression, risk-taking).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Hale
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Anne-Marie Chang
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Lameese D. Akacem
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | | | - Orfeu M. Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania;,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts; and,Sleep Health Institute, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
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Jensen-Campbell LA, Boyd EQ, Arana AA, Lee S. Does escaping victimization in elementary school lead to improved health in high school: a comparison of victimization profile groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jabr.12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin Q. Boyd
- Department of Psychology; University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | - Allyson A. Arana
- Department of Psychology; University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | - Sarah Lee
- Department of Psychology; University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
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Balogun FM, Alohan AO, Orimadegun AE. Self-reported sleep pattern, quality, and problems among schooling adolescents in southwestern Nigeria. Sleep Med 2017; 30:245-250. [PMID: 28215257 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding sleep patterns and related factors is vital to development in adolescence, but there is a dearth of this information among adolescents in developing countries such as Nigeria. Therefore, this study describes the sleep patterns, problems, and predictors of poor sleep quality among schooling adolescents. METHODS In a cross-sectional study design, 450 adolescents were selected and interviewed about their sleep experience and problems over the preceding one-month period using a validated form with components adapted from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ2, and logistic regression model with p set at 0.05. RESULTS The mean age of respondents was 13.4 ± 1.2 years. Only half (50.2%) had a global PSQI score of <6, suggesting little or no difficulty with sleep. Significantly, a higher proportion of respondents spent a short time in bed before sleep, ≤15 min among those who had good sleep quality (81.4%) compared with those who had poor sleep quality (65.2%) (p < 0.001). The odds of having poor sleep quality was significantly higher in the subgroup who had ≤8.5 h sleep than those who had 8.5 h sleep or more (adjusted odds ratio = 4.62; 95% confidence interval = 2.61, 8.17, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Remarkably poor sleep quality exists among schooling adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria, and sleep problems are prevalent, especially among those with short sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folusho M Balogun
- Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abieyuwa O Alohan
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adebola E Orimadegun
- Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Chaput JP, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Carson V, Gruber R, Olds T, Weiss SK, Connor Gorber S, Kho ME, Sampson M, Belanger K, Eryuzlu S, Callender L, Tremblay MS. Systematic review of the relationships between sleep duration and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 41:S266-82. [PMID: 27306433 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review was to examine the relationships between objectively and subjectively measured sleep duration and various health indicators in children and youth aged 5-17 years. Online databases were searched in January 2015 with no date or study design limits. Included studies were peer-reviewed and met the a priori-determined population (apparently healthy children and youth aged 5-17 years), intervention/exposure/comparator (various sleep durations), and outcome (adiposity, emotional regulation, cognition/academic achievement, quality of life/well-being, harms/injuries, and cardiometabolic biomarkers) criteria. Because of high levels of heterogeneity across studies, narrative syntheses were employed. A total of 141 articles (110 unique samples), including 592 215 unique participants from 40 different countries, met inclusion criteria. Overall, longer sleep duration was associated with lower adiposity indicators, better emotional regulation, better academic achievement, and better quality of life/well-being. The evidence was mixed and/or limited for the association between sleep duration and cognition, harms/injuries, and cardiometabolic biomarkers. The quality of evidence ranged from very low to high across study designs and health indicators. In conclusion, we confirmed previous investigations showing that shorter sleep duration is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. However, the available evidence relies heavily on cross-sectional studies using self-reported sleep. To better inform contemporary sleep recommendations, there is a need for sleep restriction/extension interventions that examine the changes in different outcome measures against various amounts of objectively measured sleep to have a better sense of dose-response relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Chaput
- a Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Casey E Gray
- a Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Veronica J Poitras
- a Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- b Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Reut Gruber
- c Attention, Behavior, and Sleep Laboratory, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada
| | - Timothy Olds
- d Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute of Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shelly K Weiss
- e Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Connor Gorber
- f Office of the Task Force on Preventive Health Care, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle E Kho
- g School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Margaret Sampson
- a Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Kevin Belanger
- a Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Sheniz Eryuzlu
- a Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Laura Callender
- a Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- a Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
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Kubiszewski V. Prévalence des élèves témoins de harcèlement scolaire et difficultés associées : résultats préliminaires. PRAT PSYCHOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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van Geel M, Goemans A, Vedder PH. The relation between peer victimization and sleeping problems: A meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2016; 27:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Wheaton AG, Chapman DP, Croft JB. School Start Times, Sleep, Behavioral, Health, and Academic Outcomes: A Review of the Literature. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2016; 86:363-81. [PMID: 27040474 PMCID: PMC4824552 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient sleep in adolescents has been shown to be associated with a wide variety of adverse outcomes, from poor mental and physical health to behavioral problems and lower academic grades. However, most high school students do not get sufficient sleep. Delaying school start times for adolescents has been proposed as a policy change to address insufficient sleep in this population and potentially to improve students' academic performance, reduce engagement in risk behaviors, and improve health. METHODS This article reviews 38 reports examining the association between school start times, sleep, and other outcomes among adolescent students. RESULTS Most studies reviewed provide evidence that delaying school start time increases weeknight sleep duration among adolescents, primarily by delaying rise times. Most of the studies saw a significant increase in sleep duration even with relatively small delays in start times of half an hour or so. Later start times also generally correspond to improved attendance, less tardiness, less falling asleep in class, better grades, and fewer motor vehicle crashes. CONCLUSIONS Although additional research is necessary, research results that are already available should be disseminated to stakeholders to enable the development of evidence-based school policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne G Wheaton
- Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. NE, Mailstop F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717.
| | - Daniel P Chapman
- Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. NE, Mailstop F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717.
| | - Janet B Croft
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy. NE Mailstop F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717.
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Bullying as a risk for poor sleep quality among high school students in China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121602. [PMID: 25811479 PMCID: PMC4374746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine whether involvement in bullying as a bully, victim, or bully-victim was associated with a higher risk of poor sleep quality among high school students in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 23,877 high school students were surveyed in six cities in Guangdong Province. All students were asked to complete the adolescent health status questionnaire, which included the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and bullying involvement. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate sleep quality and the prevalence of school bullying. Multi-level logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between being victimized and bullying others with sleep quality. Results Among the 23,877 students, 6,127 (25.66%) reported having poor sleep quality, and 10.89% reported being involved in bullying behaviors. Of the respondents, 1,410 (5.91%) were pure victims of bullying, 401 (1.68%) were bullies and 784 (3.28%) were bully-victims. Frequently being involved in bullying behaviors (being bullied or bullying others) was related to increased risks of poor sleep quality compared with adolescents who were not involved in bullying behaviors. After adjusting for age, sex, and other confounding factors, the students who were being bullied (OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.81-2.32), bullied others (OR=2.30, 95%CI=1.85-2.86) or both (OR=2.58, 95%CI=2.20-3.03) were at a higher risk for poor sleep quality. Conclusions Poor sleep quality among high school students is highly prevalent, and school bullying is prevalent among adolescents in China. The present results suggested that being involved in school bullying might be a risk factor for poor sleep quality among adolescents.
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40
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Becker SP, Langberg JM, Byars KC. Advancing a biopsychosocial and contextual model of sleep in adolescence: a review and introduction to the special issue. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 44:239-70. [PMID: 25552436 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sleep problems in adolescence have been identified as an international public health issue. Over the past few decades, notable advances have been made in our understanding of the patterns and consequences of sleep in adolescence. Despite these important gains, there is much about the role of sleep in adolescence that remains to be understood. This Special Issue brings together studies that examine sleep as it specifically pertains to adolescent development and adjustment. In this introductory article, we argue for the importance of grounding the study of sleep and adolescence in developmental science and a developmental psychopathology framework. First, a review of the literature is used to outline a biopsychosocial and contextual model of sleep in adolescence. Second, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is used as an exemplar of the proposed model given the pervasiveness of sleep problems among youth with ADHD and the likelihood that sleep problems and ADHD symptoms are interconnected in complex ways. Finally, a brief introduction to the empirical articles included in the Special Issue is provided, with particular attention given to how these articles fit within the proposed biopsychosocial and contextual model. Along with the framework proposed in this article, the studies included in this Special Issue advance the current literature and point to critical directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Becker
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 10006, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA,
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Trovato G, Pace P, Martines GF, Brischetto D. Mala-movida: late bed-timing and wake-up induce malnutrition and underweight in youngsters. Chronobiol Int 2014; 31:945-6. [PMID: 24963991 DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.931414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Trovato
- Department of Medical & Pediatric Sciences and Health Psychology, University of Catania , Catania , Italy
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