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Pearson JF, Jacobson C, Riss C, Strickland M, Lee L, Wan N, Benney TM, Pace NL, Goodrich B, Gabry J, Kartchner C, Andreae MH. Preoperative Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Risk of Postoperative Complications: A Single Center Observational Cohort Bayesian Analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.08.13.24311943. [PMID: 39211893 PMCID: PMC11361263 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.13.24311943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Background & Objectives While exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM 2.5 ) is known to cause adverse health effects, its impact on postoperative outcomes in US adults remains understudied. Perioperative exposure to PM 2.5 may induce inflammation that insidiously interacts with the systemic inflammatory response after surgery, leading to higher postoperative complications. Methods We conducted a single center, retrospective cohort study using data from 64,313 surgical patients living along Utah's Wasatch Front and undergoing elective surgical procedures at a single academic medical center from 2016-2018. Patients' addresses were geocoded and linked to daily Census-tract level PM 2.5 estimates preoperatively. We hypothesized that elevated PM 2.5 concentrations in the seven days prior to surgery would be associated with an increase in a bundle of major postoperative complications. A hierarchical Bayesians regression model was fit adjusting for age, sex, season, neighborhood disadvantage, and the Elixhauser index of comorbidities. Results Postoperative complications increased in a dose-dependent manner with higher concentrations of PM 2.5 exposure, with a relative increase of 7% in the odds of complications for every 10ug/m3 increase in the highest single-day 24-hr PM 2.5 exposure during the 7 days prior to surgery. The association persisted after controlling for comorbidities and potential confounders; our inferences were robust to modeling choices and sensitivity analysis. Discussion & Conclusion In this large Utah cohort, exposure to elevated PM 2.5 concentrations in the week before surgery was associated with increased postoperative complications in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a potential impact of air pollution on surgical outcomes. These findings merit replication in larger datasets to identify populations at risk and to define the interaction and impact of different pollutants. PM 2.5 exposure is a potential perioperative risk factor and, given the unmitigated air pollution in urban areas, a global health concern.
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Ye Y, Ma H, Dong J, Wang J. Association between short-term ambient air pollutants and type 2 diabetes outpatient visits: a time series study in Lanzhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:778-790. [PMID: 38546508 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00464c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is a global public health problem, and the impact of air pollutants on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has attracted people's attention. This study aimed to assess the association of short-term exposure to six criteria air pollutants with T2DM outpatient visits in Lanzhou, China. We collected data on daily outpatient visits for T2DM, daily meteorological data and hourly concentrations of air pollutants in Lanzhou from 2013 to 2019. An over-dispersed passion generalized addictive model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model was applied to estimate the associations and stratified analyses were performed by gender, age, and season. The models were fitted with different lag structures, including single lag days from the current to the previous seven days (lag0 to lag7) and moving average concentrations over seven lag days (lag01 to lag07). A positive association between multiple air pollutants, especially PM2.5, NO2, O38h and CO and hospital outpatient visits for T2DM was observed. The largest association between T2DM outpatient visits and PM2.5 was observed at lag06 (RR 1.013, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.027), NO2 at lag03 (RR 1.034, 95% CI: 1.018, 1.050), O38h at lag05 (RR 1.012, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.023) for an increase of 10 μg m-3 and CO at lag03 (RR 1.084, 95% CI: 1.029, 1.142) for an increase of 1 mg m-3 in the concentrations. In addition, people aged <65 and males are more susceptible, and air pollutants have a greater impact on the cold season. This study showed that although the air pollution in Lanzhou was improved, there was still a statistical correlation between air pollution exposure and T2DM outpatient visits. Therefore, the local government still needs to strengthen the control of air pollution and enhance the protection awareness of the diabetic population through education and publicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Ye
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongran Ma
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiyuan Dong
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou 730050, People's Republic of China
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Jiang W, Chen H, Li H, Zhou Y, Xie M, Zhou C, Yang L. The Short-Term Effects and Burden of Ambient Air Pollution on Hospitalization for Type 2 Diabetes: Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Evidence From Sichuan, China. GEOHEALTH 2023; 7:e2023GH000846. [PMID: 38023385 PMCID: PMC10680437 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a complicated metabolic disease, might be developed or exacerbated by air pollution, resulting in economic and health burden to patients. So far, limited studies have estimated associations between short-term exposure to air pollution and disease burden of T2DM in China. Hence, we aimed to estimate the associations and burden of ambient air pollutants (NO2, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and CO) on hospital admissions (HAs) for T2DM using a time-stratified case-crossover design. Data on HAs for T2DM during 2017-2019 were collected from hospital electronic health records in nine cities in Sichuan Province using conditional poisson regression. Totally, 92,381 T2DM hospitalizations were recorded. There were significant short-term effects of NO2, PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and CO on HAs for T2DM. A 10 μg/m3 increment of NO2, PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and CO as linked with a 3.39% (95% CI: 2.26%, 4.54%), 0.33% (95% CI: 0.04%, 0.62%), 0.76% (95% CI: 0.35%, 1.16%), 12.68% (95% CI: 8.14%, 17.42%) and 79.00% (95% CI: 39.81%, 129.18%) increase in HAs for T2DM at lag 6. Stratified analyses modified by age, sex, and season showed old (≥65 years) and female patients linked with higher impacts. Using WHO's air quality guidelines of NO2, PM10, PM2.5, and CO as the reference, the attributable number of T2DM HAs exceeding these pollutants exposures were 786, 323, 793, and 2,127 during 2017-2019. Besides, the total medical costs of 25.83, 10.54, 30.74, and 67.78 million China Yuan were attributed to NO2, PM10, PM2.5, and CO. In conclusion, short-term exposures to air pollutants were associated with higher risks of HAs for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyanhan Jiang
- School of Public HealthChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanChina
| | - Han Chen
- Sichuan Wanhao Consulting Co., LtdChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongwei Li
- School of Public HealthChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yuelin Zhou
- School of Public HealthChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanChina
| | - Mengxue Xie
- School of Public HealthChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chengchao Zhou
- Centre for Health Management and Policy ResearchSchool of Public HealthCollege of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Lian Yang
- School of Public HealthChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuanChina
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Kutlar Joss M, Boogaard H, Samoli E, Patton AP, Atkinson R, Brook J, Chang H, Haddad P, Hoek G, Kappeler R, Sagiv S, Smargiassi A, Szpiro A, Vienneau D, Weuve J, Lurmann F, Forastiere F, Hoffmann BH. Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1605718. [PMID: 37325174 PMCID: PMC10266340 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: We report results of a systematic review on the health effects of long-term traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and diabetes in the adult population. Methods: An expert Panel appointed by the Health Effects Institute conducted this systematic review. We searched the PubMed and LUDOK databases for epidemiological studies from 1980 to July 2019. TRAP was defined based on a comprehensive protocol. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Confidence assessments were based on a modified Office for Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) approach, complemented with a broader narrative synthesis. We extended our interpretation to include evidence published up to May 2022. Results: We considered 21 studies on diabetes. All meta-analytic estimates indicated higher diabetes risks with higher exposure. Exposure to NO2 was associated with higher diabetes prevalence (RR 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02; 1.17 per 10 μg/m3), but less pronounced for diabetes incidence (RR 1.04; 95% CI: 0.96; 1.13 per 10 μg/m3). The overall confidence in the evidence was rated moderate, strengthened by the addition of 5 recently published studies. Conclusion: There was moderate evidence for an association of long-term TRAP exposure with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Kutlar Joss
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Richard Atkinson
- Population Health Research Institute, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Brook
- Occupational and Environmental Health Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard Chang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Pascale Haddad
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ron Kappeler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sharon Sagiv
- Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Audrey Smargiassi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adam Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Weuve
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fred Lurmann
- Sonoma Technology, Inc., Petaluma, CA, United States
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara H. Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Laine MK, Kautiainen H, Anttila P, Gissler M, Pennanen P, Eriksson JG. Early pregnancy particulate matter exposure, pre-pregnancy adiposity and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Finnish primiparous women: An observational cohort study. Prim Care Diabetes 2023; 17:79-84. [PMID: 36464621 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the association between the exposure of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 2.5μm (PM2.5) and with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 10μm (PM10) over the first trimester and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to assess whether maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) modified the GDM risk. METHODS All Finnish primiparous women without previously diagnosed diabetes who delivered between 2009 and 2015 in the city of Vantaa, Finland, composed the study cohort (N = 6189). Diagnosis of GDM was based on a standard 75 g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test. The average daily concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 over the first trimester was calculated individually for each woman. The relationship between exposure of PM2.5 and PM10 and GDM was analyzed with logistic models. RESULTS No association was observed between the average daily concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 over the first trimester and the GDM risk. When simultaneously taking BMI and PM10 into account both mean daily PM10 concentration (p = 0.047) and pre-pregnancy BMI (p = 0.016) increased GDM risk independently and an interaction (p = 0.013) was observed between PM10 concentration and pre-pregnancy BMI. CONCLUSIONS Even globally low PM10 exposure level together with elevated maternal pre-pregnancy BMI seems to increase the GDM risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merja K Laine
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Pia Anttila
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mika Gissler
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland; Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; National University Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SCIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), Singapore.
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Dos Santos AB, Costa-Beber LC, de Pelegrin Basso EG, Donato YH, Sulzbacher MM, Sulzbacher LM, Ludwig MS, Heck TG. Moderate aerobic training is safe and improves glucose intolerance induced by the association of high fat diet and air pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:1908-1918. [PMID: 35925459 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are risk factors for insulin resistance, to which physical exercise is the most powerful non-pharmacological strategy. However, public concern over whether exercise could be protective in a polluted environment exists. Therefore, evaluating the possible benefits of exercise in polluted conditions in different contexts (age, gender, and cardiometabolic health) is imperative. In this sense, muscle plays a major role in maintaining glucose homeostasis, and its oxidative status is closely affected during exercise. This study tested whether moderate aerobic training could alleviate the metabolic and oxidative impairment in the gastrocnemius induced by the combination of a high-fat diet (HFD) and PM2.5 exposure. Female mice (B6129SF2/J) received HFD (58.3% of fat) or standard diet, intranasal instillation of 20 μg residual oil fly ash (ROFA: inorganic portion of PM2.5), or saline seven times per week for 19 weeks. In the 13th week, animals were submitted to moderate training or remained sedentary. Trained animals followed a progressive protocol for 6 weeks, ending at swimming with 5% body weight of workload for 60 min, while sedentary animals remained in shallow water. Aerobic moderate training attenuated weight gain and glucose intolerance and prevented muscle and pancreatic mass loss induced by a HFD plus ROFA exposure. Interestingly, a HFD combined with ROFA enhanced the catalase antioxidant activity, regardless of physical exercise. Therefore, our study highlights that, even in polluted conditions, moderate training is the most powerful non-pharmacological treatment for obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analú Bender Dos Santos
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande Do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario, Ijui, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijui, RS, Brazil
| | - Lílian Corrêa Costa-Beber
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande Do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario, Ijui, RS, 98700-000, Brazil.
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijui, RS, Brazil.
| | - Eloisa Gabriela de Pelegrin Basso
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande Do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario, Ijui, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
| | - Yohanna Hannah Donato
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande Do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario, Ijui, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijui, RS, Brazil
| | - Maicon Machado Sulzbacher
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande Do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario, Ijui, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijui, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Machado Sulzbacher
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande Do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario, Ijui, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijui, RS, Brazil
| | - Mirna Stela Ludwig
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande Do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario, Ijui, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijui, RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gomes Heck
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern State's Rio Grande Do Sul (UNIJUI), Rua do Comercio, 3000 - Bairro Universitario, Ijui, RS, 98700-000, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUI/UNICRUZ), Ijui, RS, Brazil
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Yan YH, Chien CC, Wang P, Lu MC, Wei YC, Wang JS, Wang JS. Association of exposure to air pollutants with gestational diabetes mellitus in Chiayi City, Taiwan. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1097270. [PMID: 36726471 PMCID: PMC9885121 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1097270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the associations of exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and several gaseous pollutants with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Taiwan. METHODS We retrospectively identified pregnant women who underwent a two-step approach to screen for GDM between 2006 and 2014. Information on concentrations of air pollutants (including PM2.5, sulfur dioxide [SO2], nitrogen oxides [NOx], and ozone [O3]) were collected from a single fixed-site monitoring station. We conducted logistic regression analyses to determine the associations between exposure to air pollutants and risk of GDM. RESULTS A total of 11210 women were analyzed, and 705 were diagnosed with GDM. Exposure to PM2.5 during the second trimester was associated with a nearly 50% higher risk of GDM (odds ratio [OR] 1.47, 95% CI 0.96 to 2.24, p=0.077). The associations were consistent in the two-pollutant model (PM2.5 + SO2 [OR 1.73, p=0.038], PM2.5 + NOx [OR 1.52, p=0.064], PM2.5 + O3 [OR 1.96, p=0.015]), and were more prominent in women with age <30 years and body mass index <25 kg/m2 (interaction p values <0.01). DISCUSSION Exposure to PM2.5 was associated with risk of GDM, especially in women who were younger or had a normal body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Horng Yan
- Department of Medical Research, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chun Chien
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Panchalli Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chun Lu
- Department of Medical Research, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Seng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Sing Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Jun-Sing Wang,
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Rousseau-Ralliard D, Richard C, Hoarau P, Lallemand MS, Morillon L, Aubrière MC, Valentino SA, Dahirel M, Guinot M, Fournier N, Morin G, Mourier E, Camous S, Slama R, Cassee FR, Couturier-Tarrade A, Chavatte-Palmer P. Prenatal air pollution exposure to diesel exhaust induces cardiometabolic disorders in adulthood in a sex-specific manner. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111690. [PMID: 34273365 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results from observational and experimental studies indicate that exposure to air pollutants during gestation reduces birth weight, whereas little is known on potential cardiometabolic consequences for the offspring at adulthood. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to evaluate the long-term effects of gestational exposure to diesel engine exhaust (DE) on adult offspring phenotype in a rabbit model. METHODS The protocol was designed to mimic human exposure in large European cities. Females rabbits were exposed to diluted (1 mg/m3) DE (exposed, n = 9) or clean air (controls, n = 7), from 3 days after mating, 2 h/d and 5 d/wk in a nose-only inhalation system throughout gestation (gestation days 3-27). After birth and weaning, 72 offspring (47 exposed and 25 controls) were raised until adulthood (7.5 months) to evaluate their cardio-metabolic status, including the monitoring of body weight and food intake, fasting biochemistry, body composition (iDXA), cardiovascular parameters and glucose tolerance. After a metabolic challenge (high fat diet in males and gestation in females), animals were euthanized for postmortem phenotyping. RESULTS Sex-specific responses to maternal exposure were observed in adult offspring. Age-related increases in blood pressure (p = 0.058), glycaemia (p = 0.029), and perirenal fat mass (p = 0.026) as well as reductions in HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.025) and fat-to-body weight ratio (p = 0.011) were observed in exposed males, suggesting a metabolic syndrome. Almost only trends were observed in exposed females with higher triglycerides and decreased bone density compared to control females. Metabolic challenges triggered or amplified some biological responses, especially in females. CONCLUSIONS In utero exposure to air pollution predisposed rabbit offspring to cardiometabolic disorders in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Christophe Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; MIMA2 Platform, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Pauline Hoarau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Lucie Morillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie-Christine Aubrière
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Sarah A Valentino
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Michèle Dahirel
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marine Guinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Natalie Fournier
- Lip(Sys)2 - EA 7357, Athérosclérose et macrophages: impact des phospholipides et des fonctions mitochondriales sur l'efflux du cholestérol, Université Paris Saclay, UFR de Pharmacie, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie, AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Gwendoline Morin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UE SAAJ, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Eve Mourier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvaine Camous
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble Alpes, U823, IAB Research Center, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, 38700, Grenoble, France
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands; Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France; MIMA2 Platform, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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9
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Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Air Pollution. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081234. [PMID: 34439482 PMCID: PMC8388875 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes have increased in the last decades and are expected to further grow in the coming years. Chronic hyperglycemia triggers free radical generation and causes increased oxidative stress, affecting a number of molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways, including the generation of advanced glycation end products, proinflammatory and procoagulant effects, induction of apoptosis, vascular smooth-muscle cell proliferation, endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction, reduction of nitric oxide release, and activation of protein kinase C. Among type 2 diabetes determinants, many data have documented the adverse effects of environmental factors (e.g., air pollutants) through multiple exposure-induced mechanisms (e.g., systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, hypercoagulability, and endothelial and immune responses). Therefore, here we discuss the role of air pollution in oxidative stress-related damage to glycemic metabolism homeostasis, with a particular focus on its impact on health. In this context, the improvement of new advanced tools (e.g., omic techniques and the study of epigenetic changes) may provide a substantial contribution, helping in the evaluation of the individual in his biological totality, and offer a comprehensive assessment of the molecular, clinical, environmental, and epidemiological aspects.
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10
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Paul KC, Haan M, Yu Y, Inoue K, Mayeda ER, Dang K, Wu J, Jerrett M, Ritz B. Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Incident Dementia: Direct and Indirect Pathways Through Metabolic Dysfunction. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:1477-1491. [PMID: 32651321 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution exposure has been associated with dementia. Additionally, epidemiologic evidence supports associations between air pollution and diabetes as well as diabetes and dementia. Thus, an indirect pathway between air pollution and dementia may exist through metabolic dysfunction. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether local traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) influences incident dementia and cognitive impairment, non-dementia (CIND) in a cohort of older Mexican Americans. We also assess how much of this estimated effect might be mediated through type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS In a 10-year, prospective study of Latinos (n = 1,564), we generated TRAP-NOx as a surrogate for pollution from local traffic sources at participants' residences during the year prior to enrollment. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling and mediation analysis to estimate the effects of TRAP-NOx on dementia and/or CIND and indirect pathways operating through T2DM. RESULTS Higher TRAP-NOx was associated with incident dementia (HR = 1.55 for the highest versus lower tertiles, 95% CI = 1.04, 2.55). Higher TRAP-NOx was also associated with T2DM (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.27, 2.05); furthermore, T2DM was associated with dementia (HR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.42, 2.66). Mediation analysis indicated that 20% of the estimated effect of TRAP-NOx on dementia/CIND was mediated through T2DM. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that exposure to local traffic-related air pollution is associated with incident dementia. We also estimated that 20% of this effect is mediated through T2DM. Thus, ambient air pollution might affect brain health via direct damage as well as through indirect pathways related to diabetes and metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly C Paul
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mary Haan
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kosuke Inoue
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rose Mayeda
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Dang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Michael Jerrett
- Department of Environmental Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Environmental Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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11
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Sun T, Kang Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Ou L, Liu X, Lai R, Shao L. Nanomaterials and hepatic disease: toxicokinetics, disease types, intrinsic mechanisms, liver susceptibility, and influencing factors. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:108. [PMID: 33863340 PMCID: PMC8052793 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of nanomaterials (NMs) has raised concerns that exposure to them may introduce potential risks to the human body and environment. The liver is the main target organ for NMs. Hepatotoxic effects caused by NMs have been observed in recent studies but have not been linked to liver disease, and the intrinsic mechanisms are poorly elucidated. Additionally, NMs exhibit varied toxicokinetics and induce enhanced toxic effects in susceptible livers; however, thus far, this issue has not been thoroughly reviewed. This review provides an overview of the toxicokinetics of NMs. We highlight the possibility that NMs induce hepatic diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, liver cancer, and metabolic disorders, and explore the underlying intrinsic mechanisms. Additionally, NM toxicokinetics and the potential induced risks in the livers of susceptible individuals, including subjects with liver disease, obese individuals, aging individuals and individuals of both sexes, are summarized. To understand how NM type affect their toxicity, the influences of the physicochemical and morphological (PCM) properties of NMs on their toxicokinetics and toxicity are also explored. This review provides guidance for further toxicological studies on NMs and will be important for the further development of NMs for applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Lingling Ou
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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12
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Snow SJ, Henriquez AR, Fisher A, Vallanat B, House JS, Schladweiler MC, Wood CE, Kodavanti UP. Peripheral metabolic effects of ozone exposure in healthy and diabetic rats on normal or high-cholesterol diet. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 415:115427. [PMID: 33524448 PMCID: PMC8086744 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that individuals with underlying diabetes and diet-associated ailments are more susceptible than healthy individuals to adverse health effects of air pollution. Exposure to air pollutants can induce metabolic stress and increase cardiometabolic disease risk. Using male Wistar and Wistar-derived Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, which exhibit a non-obese type-2 diabetes phenotype, we investigated whether two key metabolic stressors, type-2 diabetes and a high-cholesterol atherogenic diet, exacerbate ozone-induced metabolic effects. Rats were fed a normal control diet (ND) or high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for 12 weeks and then exposed to filtered air or 1.0-ppm ozone (6 h/day) for 1 or 2 days. Metabolic responses were analyzed at the end of each day and after an 18-h recovery period following the 2-day exposure. In GK rats, baseline hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance were exacerbated by HCD vs. ND and by ozone vs. air. HCD also resulted in higher insulin in ozone-exposed GK rats and circulating lipase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase in all groups (Wistar>GK). Histopathological effects induced by HCD in the liver, which included macrovesicular vacuolation and hepatocellular necrosis, were more severe in Wistar vs. GK rats. Liver gene expression in Wistar and GK rats fed ND showed numerous strain differences, including evidence of increased lipid metabolizing activity and ozone-induced alterations in glucose and lipid transporters, specifically in GK rats. Collectively, these findings indicate that peripheral metabolic alterations induced by diabetes and high-cholesterol diet can enhance susceptibility to the metabolic effects of inhaled pollutants.
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MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue, White/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/pathology
- Air Pollutants/toxicity
- Animals
- Biomarkers/blood
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Body Composition/drug effects
- Cholesterol, Dietary/metabolism
- Cholesterol, Dietary/toxicity
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Energy Metabolism/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Inhalation Exposure
- Insulin/blood
- Lipids/blood
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Male
- Ozone/toxicity
- Rats, Wistar
- Species Specificity
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Snow
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Andres R Henriquez
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Participation Program, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Anna Fisher
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Beena Vallanat
- Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - John S House
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Mette C Schladweiler
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Charles E Wood
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Urmila P Kodavanti
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States.
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13
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van den Brule S, Rappe M, Ambroise J, Bouzin C, Dessy C, Paquot A, Muccioli GG, Lison D. Diesel exhaust particles alter the profile and function of the gut microbiota upon subchronic oral administration in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:7. [PMID: 33563307 PMCID: PMC7871568 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution by particulate matters, including diesel exhaust particles (DEP), is a major cause of cardiovascular and metabolic mortality worldwide. The mechanisms by which DEP cause these adverse outcomes are not completely understood. Because the gut microbiota controls cardiovascular and metabolic health, we hypothesized that the fraction of inhaled DEP which reach the gut after mucociliary clearance and swallowing might induce gut dysbiosis and, in turn, contribute to aggravate or induce cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. RESULTS Female ApoE-/- mice fed a Western diet, and wild-type (C57Bl/6) mice fed standard diet were gavaged with DEP (SRM2975) doses corresponding to mucociliary clearance from inhalation exposure (200 or 1000 ng/day, 3 times a week for 3 months; and 40, 200 or 1000 ng/day, 3 times a week for 6 months, respectively). No mortality, overt systemic or digestive toxicity was observed. A dose-dependent alteration of the gut microbiota was recorded in both strains. In ApoE-/-, β-diversity was modified by DEP, but no significant modification of the relative abundance of the phyla, families or genera was identified. In C57BL/6 mice, DEP reduced α-diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices), and modified β-diversity, including a reduction of the Proteobacteria and Patescibacteria phyla, and an increase of the Campylobacterota phylum. In both mouse models, perturbation of the gut microbiota composition was associated with a dose-dependent reduction of bacterial short chain fatty acids (butyrate and propionate) in cecal content. However, DEP ingestion did not aggravate (ApoE-/-), or induce (C57BL/6 mice) atherosclerotic plaques, and no metabolic alteration (glucose tolerance, resistance to insulin, or lipidemia) was recorded. CONCLUSIONS We show here that oral exposure to DEP, at doses relevant for human health, changes the composition and function of the gut microbiota. These modifications were, however, not translated into ultimate atherosclerotic or metabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybille van den Brule
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Margaux Rappe
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chantal Dessy
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Paquot
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Lison
- Louvain centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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14
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Wu Y, Fu R, Lei C, Deng Y, Lou W, Wang L, Zheng Y, Deng X, Yang S, Wang M, Zhai Z, Zhu Y, Xiang D, Hu J, Dai Z, Gao J. Estimates of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Burden Attributable to Particulate Matter Pollution and Its 30-Year Change Patterns: A Systematic Analysis of Data From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:689079. [PMID: 34484113 PMCID: PMC8414895 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.689079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological trends of type 2 diabetes mellitus attributable to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution remain unclear. Here, we estimated spatiotemporal trends of type 2 diabetes mellitus burden attributable to PM2.5 pollution, including ambient particulate matter pollution (APMP) and household air pollution (HAP), from 1990-2019. METHODS Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and were analyzed by age, sex, year, and location. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied in the analysis of temporal trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus burden over the 30 years. RESULTS Globally, PM2.5 pollution contributed to 292.5 thousand deaths and 13 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019. APMP ranked third among all risk factors, causing an increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus burden from 1990, whereas the impact of HAP significantly fell during the same period. Both APMP and HAP contributed the most to deaths and DALYs of type 2 diabetes mellitus among older people. However, the age-standardized death and DALY rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus attributable to APMP were greater among males and people in the middle socio-demographic index countries, especially in Southern Sub-Saharan Africa. For HAP, type 2 diabetes mellitus burden was modestly higher in females and was highest in Oceania, which was the only region with an increase from 1990. CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 pollution resulted in substantial and increasing type 2 diabetes mellitus burden worldwide. Hence, governments and health systems should take steps to reduce air pollution to mitigate this increasing burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rongguo Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chen Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yujiao Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weiyang Lou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinyue Deng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Si Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhen Zhai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuyao Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Celilo Cancer Center, Oregon Health Science Center affiliated Mid-Columbia Medical Center, The Dalles, OR, United States
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Gao, ; Zhijun Dai,
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Gao, ; Zhijun Dai,
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15
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Ma JW, Lai TJ, Hu SY, Lin TC, Ho WC, Tsan YT. Effect of ambient air pollution on the incidence of colorectal cancer among a diabetic population: a nationwide nested case-control study in Taiwan. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036955. [PMID: 33115890 PMCID: PMC7594369 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An increasing number of studies had shown that air pollution exposure may aggravate blood glucose control in patients with diabetes, an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) proposed by some researchers. This study aimed to investigate the impact of exposure to ambient particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) on the incidence of CRC among a diabetic population. DESIGN A nested case-control study. SETTING A subset data retrieved from the Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. PARTICIPANTS We identified patients with newly diagnosed diabetes (n=1 164 962) during 1999-2013. Participants who had subsequently developed an incident of CRC were placed into the case group, while controls were matched to the cases at a 4:1 ratio by age, gender, date of diabetes diagnosis and the index date of CRC diagnosis. METHODS AND OUTCOME MEASURES All variables associated with the risk of CRC entered into a multinomial logistic regression model. The dose-response relationship between various average concentrations of PM2.5 exposure and the incidence of CRC was estimated by logistic regression. RESULTS The study included a total of 7719 incident CRC cases matched with 30 876 controls of random sampling. The mean annual concentration of PM2.5 was 35.3 µg/m3. After adjusting for potential confounders, a dose-response relationship was observed between the CRC risks and each interquartile increase of PM2.5 concentration (Q1-Q2: 1.03 (0.95-1.11), Q2-Q3: 1.06 (0.98-1.15), ≥Q3: 1.19 (1.10-1.28) in model 2. The adjusted ORs (95% CI) of CRC incidence for each 10 µg/m3 increment of PM2.5 was 1.08 (1.04-1.11). Moreover, a faster growing adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index (aDCSI) score was noticed in CRC group compared with the controls, which also showed a significant association in our multivariate analysis (adjusted OR=1.28, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.38). CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 may contribute to an increased incidence of CRC among diabetic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Wen Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ju Lai
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yuan Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chao Ho
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tse Tsan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Ramirez DC, Gomez Mejiba SE. Pulmonary Neutrophilic Inflammation and Noncommunicable Diseases: Pathophysiology, Redox Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutics. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:211-227. [PMID: 32319787 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Pulmonary neurophilic inflammation (PNI) is the homing and activation of neutrophil with damage to the microvasculature. This process is involved in pulmonary damage in patients exposed to airborne pollutants (exogenous stressors) and also to systemic inflammation/oxidative stress (endogenous stressors) associated with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Recent Advances: PNI is an important trigger of the early onset and progression of NCD in susceptible patients exposed to airborne pollutants. Irritation of the lung microvasculature by exogenous and endogenous stressors causes PNI. Circulating endogenous stressors in NCD can cause PNI. Critical Issues: Air pollution-triggered PNI causes increased circulating endogenous stressors that can trigger NCD in susceptible patients. Systemic inflammation/oxidative stress associated with NCD can cause PNI. Inflammation/end-oxidation products of macromolecules are also potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NCD-triggered PNI- and PNI-triggered NCD. Future Directions: Understanding the molecular mechanism of PNI triggered by exogenous or endogenous stressors will help explain the early onset of NCD in susceptible patients exposed to air pollution. It can also help undercover biomarkers and mechanism-based therapeutic targets in air pollutant-triggered PNI, PNI-triggered NCD, and NCD-triggered PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario C Ramirez
- Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, IMIBIO-SL, CCT-San Luis, CONICET, School of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Sandra E Gomez Mejiba
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics and Nutrition, IMIBIO-SL, CCT-San Luis, CONICET, School of Health Sciences, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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17
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Abstract
The respiratory effects of O3 are well established. High ambient O3 concentrations are associated with respiratory symptoms, declines in pulmonary function, asthma exacerbations, and even mortality. The metabolic effects of O3 are less well appreciated. Here we review data indicating that O3 exposure leads to glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia, characteristics of the metabolic syndrome. We also review the role of stress hormones in these events. We describe how the metabolic effects of O3, including effects within the lungs, are exacerbated in the setting of the metabolic derangements of obesity and we discuss epidemiological data indicating an association between ambient O3 exposure and diabetes. We conclude by describing the role of the gut microbiome in the regulation of metabolism and by discussing data indicating a link between the gut microbiome and pulmonary responses to O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Shore
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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18
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Kodavanti UP. Susceptibility Variations in Air Pollution Health Effects: Incorporating Neuroendocrine Activation. Toxicol Pathol 2019; 47:962-975. [PMID: 31594484 PMCID: PMC9353182 DOI: 10.1177/0192623319878402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Diverse host factors/phenotypes may exacerbate or diminish biological responses induced by air pollutant exposure. We lack an understanding of biological indicators of environmental exposures that culminate in a physiological response versus those that lead to adversity. Variations in response phenotype might arise centrally and/or at the local tissue level. In addition to genetic differences, the current evidence supports the roles of preexisting cardiopulmonary diseases, diabetes, diet, adverse prenatal environments, neurobehavioral disorders, childhood infections, microbiome, sex, and psychosocial stressors in modifying the susceptibility to air pollutant exposures. Animal models of human diseases, obesity, nutritional inadequacies, and neurobehavioral conditions have been compared with healthy controls to understand the causes of variations in susceptibility. Although psychosocial stressors have been associated with increased susceptibility to air pollutant effects, the contribution of neuroendocrine stress pathways in mediating these effects is just emerging. The new findings of neuroendocrine activation leading to systemic metabolic and immunological effects of air pollutants, and the potential contribution to allostatic load, emphasize the consideration of these mechanisms into susceptibility. Variations in susceptibility to air pollution health effects are likely to underlie host genetic and physiological conditions in concert with disrupted neuroendocrine circuitry that alters physiological stability under the influence of stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila P Kodavanti
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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19
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Snow SJ, Phillips PM, Ledbetter A, Johnstone AF, Schladweiler MC, Gordon CJ, Kodavanti UP. The influence of maternal and perinatal high-fat diet on ozone-induced pulmonary responses in offspring. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:86-98. [PMID: 30755101 PMCID: PMC10926063 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1564101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in understanding how maternal diet might affect the sensitivity of offspring to environmental exposures. Previous studies demonstrated that adult rat offspring (approximately 6-months-old) from dams given a high-fat diet (HFD) prior to, during, and after pregnancy displayed elevated pulmonary responses to an acute ozone (O3) exposure. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of maternal and perinatal HFD on pulmonary and metabolic responses to O3 in male and female young-adult offspring (approximately 3-month old). One-month-old F0 female Long-Evans rats commenced HFD (60% kcal from fat) or control diet (CD; 10.5% kcal from fat) and were bred on PND 72. Offspring were maintained on respective HFD or CD until PND 29 when all groups were switched to CD. The 3-months-old female and male offspring (n = 10/group) were exposed to air or 0.8 ppm O3 for 5hr/day for 2 consecutive days. Maternal and perinatal HFD significantly increased body weight and body fat % in offspring regardless of gender. Ozone exposure, but not maternal and perinatal diet, induced hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in the offspring. Ozone-induced alterations in pulmonary function were exacerbated by maternal and perinatal HFD in both offspring genders. Pulmonary injury/inflammation markers in response to O3 exposure such as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid total protein, lactate dehydrogenase, total cells, and neutrophils were further augmented in offspring (males>females) from dams fed the HFD. Data suggest that maternal and perinatal HFD may enhance the susceptibility of offspring to O3-induced pulmonary injury and that these effects may be sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J. Snow
- Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pamela M. Phillips
- Toxicity Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allen Ledbetter
- Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andrew F.M. Johnstone
- Toxicity Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mette C. Schladweiler
- Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher J. Gordon
- Toxicity Assessment Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Urmila P. Kodavanti
- Environmental Public Health Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Strak M, Janssen N, Beelen R, Schmitz O, Vaartjes I, Karssenberg D, van den Brink C, Bots ML, Dijst M, Brunekreef B, Hoek G. Long-term exposure to particulate matter, NO 2 and the oxidative potential of particulates and diabetes prevalence in a large national health survey. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 108:228-236. [PMID: 28886416 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence from observational epidemiological studies of a link between long-term air pollution exposure and diabetes prevalence and incidence is currently mixed. Some studies found the strongest associations of diabetes with fine particles, other studies with nitrogen dioxide and some studies found no associations. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to investigate associations between long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants and diabetes prevalence in a large national survey in the Netherlands. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis using the 2012 Dutch national health survey to investigate the associations between the 2009 annual average concentrations of multiple air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, PM10-2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, OPDTT, OPESR and NO2) and diabetes prevalence, among 289,703 adults. Air pollution exposure was assessed by land use regression models. Diabetes was defined based on a combined measure of self-reported physician diagnosis and medication prescription from an external database. Using logistic regression, we adjusted for potential confounders, including neighborhood- and individual socio-economic status and lifestyle-related risk factors such as smoking habits, alcohol consumption, physical activity and BMI. RESULTS After adjustment for potential confounders, all pollutants (except PM2.5) were associated with diabetes prevalence. In two-pollutant models, NO2 and OPDTT remained associated with increased diabetes prevalence. For NO2 and OPDTT, single-pollutant ORs per interquartile range were 1.07 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.09) and 1.08 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.10), respectively. Stratified analysis showed no consistent effect modification by any of the included known diabetes risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Long-term residential air pollution exposure was associated with diabetes prevalence in a large health survey in the Netherlands, strengthening the evidence of air pollution being an important diabetes risk factor. Most consistent associations were observed for NO2 and oxidative potential of PM2.5 measured by the DTT assay. The finding of an association with the oxidative potential of fine particles but not with PM2.5, suggests that particle composition may be important for a potential effect on diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Nicole Janssen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Rob Beelen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Oliver Schmitz
- Global Geo and Health Data Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Netherlands
| | - Ilonca Vaartjes
- Global Geo and Health Data Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Derek Karssenberg
- Global Geo and Health Data Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Netherlands
| | | | - Michiel L Bots
- Global Geo and Health Data Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Martin Dijst
- Global Geo and Health Data Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Netherlands
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Polluted Pathways: Mechanisms of Metabolic Disruption by Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. Curr Environ Health Rep 2017; 4:208-222. [PMID: 28432637 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-017-0137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Environmental toxicants are increasingly implicated in the global decline in metabolic health. Focusing on diabetes, herein, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which metabolism disrupting chemicals (MDCs) impair energy homeostasis are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Emerging data implicate MDC perturbations in a variety of pathways as contributors to metabolic disease pathogenesis, with effects in diverse tissues regulating fuel utilization. Potentiation of traditional metabolic risk factors, such as caloric excess, and emerging threats to metabolism, such as disruptions in circadian rhythms, are important areas of current and future MDC research. Increasing evidence also implicates deleterious effects of MDCs on metabolic programming that occur during vulnerable developmental windows, such as in utero and early post-natal life as well as pregnancy. Recent insights into the mechanisms by which MDCs alter energy homeostasis will advance the field's ability to predict interactions with classical metabolic disease risk factors and empower studies utilizing targeted therapeutics to treat MDC-mediated diabetes.
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Heindel JJ, Blumberg B, Cave M, Machtinger R, Mantovani A, Mendez MA, Nadal A, Palanza P, Panzica G, Sargis R, Vandenberg LN, Vom Saal F. Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 68:3-33. [PMID: 27760374 PMCID: PMC5365353 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 646] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent epidemics of metabolic diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes(T2D), liver lipid disorders and metabolic syndrome have largely been attributed to genetic background and changes in diet, exercise and aging. However, there is now considerable evidence that other environmental factors may contribute to the rapid increase in the incidence of these metabolic diseases. This review will examine changes to the incidence of obesity, T2D and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the contribution of genetics to these disorders and describe the role of the endocrine system in these metabolic disorders. It will then specifically focus on the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the etiology of obesity, T2D and NAFLD while finally integrating the information on EDCs on multiple metabolic disorders that could lead to metabolic syndrome. We will specifically examine evidence linking EDC exposures during critical periods of development with metabolic diseases that manifest later in life and across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerrold J Heindel
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Extramural Research and Training Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- University of California, Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, Irvine CA, USA
| | - Mathew Cave
- University of Louisville, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Louisville KY, USA
| | | | | | - Michelle A Mendez
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Public Health, Chapel Hill NC, USA
| | - Angel Nadal
- Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Paola Palanza
- University of Parma, Department of Neurosciences, Parma, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Panzica
- University of Turin, Department of Neuroscience and Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Turin, Italy
| | - Robert Sargis
- University of Chicago, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Frederick Vom Saal
- University of Missouri, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia, MO, USA
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Fine particulate matter potentiates type 2 diabetes development in high-fat diet-treated mice: stress response and extracellular to intracellular HSP70 ratio analysis. J Physiol Biochem 2016; 72:643-656. [PMID: 27356529 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-016-0503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We argue whether the potentiating effect of PM2.5 over the development of T2DM in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice would be related to modification in cell stress response, particularly in antioxidant defenses and 70-kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70) status. Male mice were fed standard chow or HFD for 12 weeks and then randomly exposed to daily nasotropic instillation of PM2.5 for additional 12 weeks under the same diet schedule, divided into four groups (n = 14-15 each): Control, PM2.5, HFD, and HFD + PM2.5 were evaluated biometric and metabolic profiles of mice, and cellular stress response (antioxidant defense and HSP70 status) of metabolic tissues. Extracellular to intracellular HSP70 ratio ([eHSP72]/[iHSP70]), viz. H-index, was then calculated. HFD + PM2.5 mice presented a positive correlation between adiposity, increased body weight and glucose intolerance, and increased glucose and triacylglycerol plasma levels. Pancreas exhibited lower iHSP70 expression, accompanied by 3.7-fold increase in the plasma to pancreas [eHSP72]/[iHSP70] ratio. Exposure to PM2.5 markedly potentiated metabolic dysfunction in HFD-treated mice and promoted relevant alteration in cell stress response assessed by [eHSP72]/[iHSP70], a relevant biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammatory state and T2DM risk.
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24
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Marics B, Peitl B, Varga A, Pázmándi K, Bácsi A, Németh J, Szilvássy Z, Jancsó G, Dux M. Diet-induced obesity alters dural CGRP release and potentiates TRPA1-mediated trigeminovascular responses. Cephalalgia 2016; 37:581-591. [PMID: 27301459 DOI: 10.1177/0333102416654883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Clinical studies suggest a link between obesity and the primary headache disorder migraine. In our study we aimed to reveal the effect of obesity on meningeal nociceptor function in rats receiving a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Methods Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) receptor activation-induced changes in meningeal blood flow, release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from trigeminal afferents and TRPA1 protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia were measured in control and obese rats. Metabolic parameters of the animals were assessed by measuring glucose and insulin homeostasis as well as plasma cytokine concentrations. Results The present experiments revealed an enhanced basal and TRPA1 receptor agonist-induced CGRP release from meningeal afferents of obese insulin-resistant rats and an attenuated CGRP release to potassium chloride. Obesity was also associated with an augmented vasodilatation in meningeal arteries after dural application of the TRPA1 agonist acrolein, a reduction in TRPA1 protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia and elevations in circulating proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in addition to increased fasting blood glucose and insulin concentrations. Conclusions Our results suggest trigeminal sensitisation as a mechanism for enhanced headache susceptibility in obese individuals after chemical exposure of trigeminal nociceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Marics
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Barna Peitl
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Angelika Varga
- 2 Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kitti Pázmándi
- 3 Department of Immunology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- 3 Department of Immunology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Németh
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szilvássy
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Jancsó
- 4 Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária Dux
- 4 Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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25
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Zhao J, Liu C, Bai Y, Wang TY, Kan H, Sun Q. IKK inhibition prevents PM2.5-exacerbated cardiac injury in mice with type 2 diabetes. J Environ Sci (China) 2015; 31:98-103. [PMID: 25968264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have found that individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) display an increased susceptibility for adverse cardiovascular outcomes when exposed to air pollution. This study was conducted to explore the potential mechanism linking ambient fine particles (PM2.5) and heart injury in a Type 2 DM (T2DM) animal model. The KKay mouse, an animal model of T2DM, was exposed to concentrated ambient PM2.5 or filtered air for 8 weeks via a versatile aerosol exposure and concentrator system. Simultaneously, an inhibitor of IκB kinase-2 (IKK-â) (IMD-0354), which is a blocker of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) nuclear translocation, was administrated by intracerebroventricular injection (ICV) to regulate the NF-êB pathway. The results showed that ambient PM2.5 induced the increase of, NF-êB, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression in cardiac tissue, and that IMD-0354 could alleviate the inflammatory injury. The results suggested that the NF-êB pathway plays an important role in mediating the PM2.5-induced cardiovascular injury in the T2DM model. Inhibiting NFκB may be a therapeutic option in air-pollution-exacerbated cardiovascular injury in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhuo Zhao
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cuiqing Liu
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yuntao Bai
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tse-yao Wang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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26
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Eze IC, Hemkens LG, Bucher HC, Hoffmann B, Schindler C, Künzli N, Schikowski T, Probst-Hensch NM. Association between ambient air pollution and diabetes mellitus in Europe and North America: systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:381-9. [PMID: 25625876 PMCID: PMC4421762 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is hypothesized to be a risk factor for diabetes. Epidemiological evidence is inconsistent and has not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVES We systematically reviewed epidemiological evidence on the association between air pollution and diabetes, and synthesized results of studies on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We systematically searched electronic literature databases (last search, 29 April 2014) for studies reporting the association between air pollution (particle concentration or traffic exposure) and diabetes (type 1, type 2, or gestational). We systematically evaluated risk of bias and role of potential confounders in all studies. We synthesized reported associations with T2DM in meta-analyses using random-effects models and conducted various sensitivity analyses. RESULTS We included 13 studies (8 on T2DM, 2 on type 1, 3 on gestational diabetes), all conducted in Europe or North America. Five studies were longitudinal, 5 cross-sectional, 2 case-control, and 1 ecologic. Risk of bias, air pollution assessment, and confounder control varied across studies. Dose-response effects were not reported. Meta-analyses of 3 studies on PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter) and 4 studies on NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) showed increased risk of T2DM by 8-10% per 10-μg/m3 increase in exposure [PM2.5: 1.10 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.18); NO2: 1.08 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.17)]. Associations were stronger in females. Sensitivity analyses showed similar results. CONCLUSION Existing evidence indicates a positive association of air pollution and T2DM risk, albeit there is high risk of bias. High-quality studies assessing dose-response effects are needed. Research should be expanded to developing countries where outdoor and indoor air pollution are high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikenna C Eze
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
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27
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Miller DB, Karoly ED, Jones JC, Ward WO, Vallanat BD, Andrews DL, Schladweiler MC, Snow SJ, Bass VL, Richards JE, Ghio AJ, Cascio WE, Ledbetter AD, Kodavanti UP. Inhaled ozone (O3)-induces changes in serum metabolomic and liver transcriptomic profiles in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 286:65-79. [PMID: 25838073 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution has been linked to increased incidence of diabetes. Recently, we showed that ozone (O3) induces glucose intolerance, and increases serum leptin and epinephrine in Brown Norway rats. In this study, we hypothesized that O3 exposure will cause systemic changes in metabolic homeostasis and that serum metabolomic and liver transcriptomic profiling will provide mechanistic insights. In the first experiment, male Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were exposed to filtered air (FA) or O3 at 0.25, 0.50, or 1.0ppm, 6h/day for two days to establish concentration-related effects on glucose tolerance and lung injury. In a second experiment, rats were exposed to FA or 1.0ppm O3, 6h/day for either one or two consecutive days, and systemic metabolic responses were determined immediately after or 18h post-exposure. O3 increased serum glucose and leptin on day 1. Glucose intolerance persisted through two days of exposure but reversed 18h-post second exposure. O3 increased circulating metabolites of glycolysis, long-chain free fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids and cholesterol, while 1,5-anhydroglucitol, bile acids and metabolites of TCA cycle were decreased, indicating impaired glycemic control, proteolysis and lipolysis. Liver gene expression increased for markers of glycolysis, TCA cycle and gluconeogenesis, and decreased for markers of steroid and fat biosynthesis. Genes involved in apoptosis and mitochondrial function were also impacted by O3. In conclusion, short-term O3 exposure induces global metabolic derangement involving glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, typical of a stress-response. It remains to be examined if these alterations contribute to insulin resistance upon chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desinia B Miller
- Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - William O Ward
- Research Cores Unit, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Beena D Vallanat
- Research Cores Unit, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Debora L Andrews
- Research Cores Unit, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mette C Schladweiler
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Samantha J Snow
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Virginia L Bass
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Judy E Richards
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Andrew J Ghio
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Wayne E Cascio
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Allen D Ledbetter
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Urmila P Kodavanti
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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28
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Can exposure to environmental chemicals increase the risk of diabetes type 1 development? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:208947. [PMID: 25883945 PMCID: PMC4391693 DOI: 10.1155/2015/208947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease, where destruction of beta-cells causes insulin deficiency. The incidence of T1DM has increased in the last decades and cannot entirely be explained by genetic predisposition. Several environmental factors are suggested to promote T1DM, like early childhood enteroviral infections and nutritional factors, but the evidence is inconclusive. Prenatal and early life exposure to environmental pollutants like phthalates, bisphenol A, perfluorinated compounds, PCBs, dioxins, toxicants, and air pollutants can have negative effects on the developing immune system, resulting in asthma-like symptoms and increased susceptibility to childhood infections. In this review the associations between environmental chemical exposure and T1DM development is summarized. Although information on environmental chemicals as possible triggers for T1DM is sparse, we conclude that it is plausible that environmental chemicals can contribute to T1DM development via impaired pancreatic beta-cell and immune-cell functions and immunomodulation. Several environmental factors and chemicals could act together to trigger T1DM development in genetically susceptible individuals, possibly via hormonal or epigenetic alterations. Further observational T1DM cohort studies and animal exposure experiments are encouraged.
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Robledo CA, Mendola P, Yeung E, Männistö T, Sundaram R, Liu D, Ying Q, Sherman S, Grantz KL. Preconception and early pregnancy air pollution exposures and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 137:316-22. [PMID: 25601734 PMCID: PMC6204222 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution has been linked to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) but no studies have evaluated impact of preconception and early pregnancy air pollution exposures on GDM risk. METHODS Electronic medical records provided data on 219,952 singleton deliveries to mothers with (n=11,334) and without GDM (n=208,618). Average maternal exposures to particulate matter (PM) ≤ 2.5μm (PM2.5) and PM2.5 constituents, PM ≤ 10μm (PM10), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) were estimated for the 3-month preconception window, first trimester, and gestational weeks 1-24 based on modified Community Multiscale Air Quality models for delivery hospital referral regions. Binary regression models with robust standard errors estimated relative risks (RR) for GDM per interquartile range (IQR) increase in pollutant concentrations adjusted for study site, maternal age and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Preconception maternal exposure to NOX (RR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.13) and SO2 (RR=1.05, 1.01, 1.09) were associated with increased risk of subsequent GDM and risk estimates remained elevated for first trimester exposure. Preconception O3 was associated with lower risk of subsequent GDM (RR=0.93, 0.90, 0.96) but risks increased later in pregnancy. CONCLUSION Maternal exposures to NOx and SO2 preconception and during the first few weeks of pregnancy were associated with increased GDM risk. O3 appeared to increase GDM risk in association with mid-pregnancy exposure but not in earlier time windows. These common exposures merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace A Robledo
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Epidemiology Branch, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pauline Mendola
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Epidemiology Branch, Rockville, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Edwina Yeung
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Epidemiology Branch, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tuija Männistö
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Epidemiology Branch, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Danping Liu
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Qi Ying
- Texas A&M University, Zachary Department of Civil Engineering, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | | | - Katherine L Grantz
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Epidemiology Branch, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
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Hu H, Kan H, Kearney GD, Xu X. Associations between exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and glucose homeostasis as well as metabolic syndrome in nondiabetic adults. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 505:56-64. [PMID: 25310882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental toxic compounds formed from incomplete combustion of carbon-containing materials, cigarette smoking, and food cooking. The genotoxic effects of PAHs have been widely studied. However, their nongenotoxic effects such as their impacts on glucose and metabolic homeostasis have not been well examined. METHODS We used the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2008 to investigate the associations between eight monohydroxy urinary metabolites of four PAHs and glucose homeostasis as well as metabolic syndrome in 1,878 nondiabetic participants aged 18 years or older. RESULTS In linear regression models, increased level of 2-PHEN was significantly associated with increased insulin resistance (β coefficient 0.05 ± 0.02), and increased concentrations of 3-FLUO (β coefficient -0.02 ± 0.01) were significantly associated with decreased β-cell function (all p<0.05) after controlling for selected covariates. In addition, increased concentrations of 2-FLUO (OR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.04-1.51), 1-PHEN (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.09-1.70), and 2-PHEN (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.22-1.83) were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of the metabolic syndrome after adjusting for covariates. Consistent results were observed in the subgroup analysis among nonsmokers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that environmental exposure to PAHs independent of cigarette smoking is associated with insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professional and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory D Kearney
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professional and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
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31
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Yan YH, C-K Chou C, Wang JS, Tung CL, Li YR, Lo K, Cheng TJ. Subchronic effects of inhaled ambient particulate matter on glucose homeostasis and target organ damage in a type 1 diabetic rat model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 281:211-20. [PMID: 25454026 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported associations between particulate matter (PM) and cardiovascular effects, and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients might be susceptible to these effects. The chief chronic injuries resulting from DM are small vascular injuries (micro-vascular complications) or large blood vessel injuries (macro-vascular complications). However, toxicological data regarding the effects of PM on DM-related cardiovascular complications is limited. Our objective was to investigate whether subchronic PM exposure alters glucose homeostasis and causes cardiovascular complications in a type 1 DM rat model. We constructed a real world PM2.5 exposure system, the Taipei Air Pollution Exposure System for Health Effects (TAPES), to continuously deliver non-concentrated PM for subchronic exposure. A type 1 DM rat model was induced using streptozotocin. Between December 22, 2009 and April 9, 2010, DM rats were exposed to PM or to filtered air (FA) using TAPES in Taipei, Taiwan, 24h/day, 7days/week, for a total of 16weeks. The average concentrations (mean [SD]) of PM2.5 in the exposure and control chambers of the TAPES were 13.30 [8.65] and 0.13 [0.05]μg/m(3), respectively. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was significantly elevated after exposure to PM compared with exposure to FA (mean [SD], 7.7% [3.1%] vs. 4.7% [1.0%], P<0.05). Interleukin 6 and fibrinogen levels were significantly increased after PM exposure. PM caused focal myocarditis, aortic medial thickness, advanced glomerulosclerosis, and accentuation of tubular damage of the kidney (tubular damage index: 1.76 [0.77] vs. 1.15 [0.36], P<0.001). PM exposure might induce the macro- and micro-vascular complications in DM through chronic hyperglycemia and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Horng Yan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Seng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Tung
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ru Li
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai Lo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Eze IC, Schaffner E, Fischer E, Schikowski T, Adam M, Imboden M, Tsai M, Carballo D, von Eckardstein A, Künzli N, Schindler C, Probst-Hensch N. Long-term air pollution exposure and diabetes in a population-based Swiss cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 70:95-105. [PMID: 24912113 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is an important risk factor for global burden of disease. There has been recent interest in its possible role in the etiology of diabetes mellitus. Experimental evidence is suggestive, but epidemiological evidence is limited and mixed. We therefore explored the association between air pollution and prevalent diabetes, in a population-based Swiss cohort. We did cross-sectional analyses of 6392 participants of the Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults [SAPALDIA], aged between 29 and 73 years. We used estimates of average individual home outdoor PM10 [particulate matter <10μm in diameter] and NO2 [nitrogen dioxide] exposure over the 10 years preceding the survey. Their association with diabetes was modeled using mixed logistic regression models, including participants' study area as random effect, with incremental adjustment for confounders. There were 315 cases of diabetes (prevalence: 5.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.8, 7.2%]). Both PM10 and NO2 were associated with prevalent diabetes with respective odds ratios of 1.40 [95% CI: 1.17, 1.67] and 1.19 [95% CI: 1.03, 1.38] per 10μg/m(3) increase in the average home outdoor level. Associations with PM10 were generally stronger than with NO2, even in the two-pollutant model. There was some indication that beta blockers mitigated the effect of PM10. The associations remained stable across different sensitivity analyses. Our study adds to the evidence that long term air pollution exposure is associated with diabetes mellitus. PM10 appears to be a useful marker of aspects of air pollution relevant for diabetes. This association can be observed at concentrations below air quality guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikenna C Eze
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Schaffner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evelyn Fischer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Adam
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Medea Imboden
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ming Tsai
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Carballo
- Division of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Nino Künzli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schindler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Sansbury BE, Hill BG. Regulation of obesity and insulin resistance by nitric oxide. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:383-99. [PMID: 24878261 PMCID: PMC4112002 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease and has quickly become a worldwide pandemic with few tangible and safe treatment options. Although it is generally accepted that the primary cause of obesity is energy imbalance, i.e., the calories consumed are greater than are utilized, understanding how caloric balance is regulated has proven a challenge. Many "distal" causes of obesity, such as the structural environment, occupation, and social influences, are exceedingly difficult to change or manipulate. Hence, molecular processes and pathways more proximal to the origins of obesity-those that directly regulate energy metabolism or caloric intake-seem to be more feasible targets for therapy. In particular, nitric oxide (NO) is emerging as a central regulator of energy metabolism and body composition. NO bioavailability is decreased in animal models of diet-induced obesity and in obese and insulin-resistant patients, and increasing NO output has remarkable effects on obesity and insulin resistance. This review discusses the role of NO in regulating adiposity and insulin sensitivity and places its modes of action into context with the known causes and consequences of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian E Sansbury
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Weichenthal S, Hoppin JA, Reeves F. Obesity and the cardiovascular health effects of fine particulate air pollution. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:1580-9. [PMID: 24639433 PMCID: PMC4238790 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review examines evidence related to the potential impact of obesity on the cardiovascular health effects of fine particulate air pollution (PM₂.₅). METHODS A PubMed search was conducted in December, 2013 and studies were included if they examined the relationship between PM₂.₅ and cardiovascular health as well as effect modification by obesity. RESULTS One hundred twenty-one citations were reviewed; three large prospective cohort studies and 14 panel studies with short-term follow-up met the above criteria. All three cohort studies reported stronger associations between PM₂.₅ and cardiovascular mortality among obese subjects and one reported a significant trend of increased risk with increased body mass index. Similarly, 11 of 14 panel studies reported stronger associations between PM₂.₅ and acute changes in physiological measures of cardiovascular health among obese subjects including outcomes such as blood pressure and arrhythmia. Although interactions were not always statistically significant, the consistent pattern of stronger associations among obese subjects suggests that obesity may modify the impact of PM2.5 on cardiovascular health. CONCLUSIONS Epidemiological evidence suggests that obesity may increase susceptibility to the cardiovascular health effects of PM₂.₅. This an important area of research as the public health impacts of air pollution could increase with increasing prevalence of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Weichenthal
- Health Canada, Air Health Sciences DivisionOttawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Montreal (CHUM) and Cité de la santé de LavalQuebec, Canada
| | - Jane A Hoppin
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Francois Reeves
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Montreal (CHUM) and Cité de la santé de LavalQuebec, Canada
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Abstract
Rates of metabolic diseases have increased at an astounding rate in recent decades. Even though poor diet and physical inactivity are central drivers, these lifestyle changes alone fail to fully account for the magnitude and rapidity of the epidemic. Thus, attention has turned to identifying novel risk factors, including the contribution of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals. Epidemiologic and preclinical data support a role for various contaminants in the pathogenesis of diabetes. In addition to the vascular risk associated with dysglycemia, emerging evidence implicates multiple pollutants in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Reviewed herein are studies linking endocrine disruptors to these key diseases that drive significant individual and societal morbidity and mortality. Identifying chemicals associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disease as well as their mechanisms of action is critical for developing novel treatment strategies and public policy to mitigate the impact of these diseases on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Kirkley
- Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Robert M. Sargis
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition
- Kovler Diabetes Center
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Sargis RM. The hijacking of cellular signaling and the diabetes epidemic: mechanisms of environmental disruption of insulin action and glucose homeostasis. Diabetes Metab J 2014; 38:13-24. [PMID: 24627823 PMCID: PMC3950190 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2014.38.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The burgeoning epidemic of metabolic disease causes significant societal and individual morbidity and threatens the stability of health care systems around the globe. Efforts to understand the factors that contribute to metabolic derangements are critical for reversing these troubling trends. While excess caloric consumption and physical inactivity superimposed on a susceptible genetic background are central drivers of this crisis, these factors alone fail to fully account for the magnitude and rapidity with which metabolic diseases have increased in prevalence worldwide. Recent epidemiological evidence implicates endocrine disrupting chemicals in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. These compounds represent a diverse array of chemicals to which humans are exposed via multiple routes in adulthood and during development. Furthermore, a growing ensemble of animal- and cell-based studies provides preclinical evidence supporting the hypothesis that environmental contaminants contribute to the development of metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Herein are reviewed studies linking specific endocrine disruptors to impairments in glucose homeostasis as well as tying these compounds to disturbances in insulin secretion and impairments in insulin signal transduction. While the data remains somewhat incomplete, the current body of evidence supports the hypothesis that our chemically polluted environment may play a contributing role in the current metabolic crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Sargis
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Kovler Diabetes Center, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Yanagisawa R, Koike E, Ichinose T, Takano H. Obese mice are resistant to eosinophilic airway inflammation induced by diesel exhaust particles. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:688-94. [PMID: 24105835 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter can exacerbate respiratory diseases such as asthma. Diesel exhaust particles are the substantial portion of ambient particulate matter with a <2.5 µm diameter in urban areas. Epidemiological data indicate increased respiratory health effects of particulate matter in obese individuals; however, the association between obesity and diesel exhaust particle-induced airway inflammation remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the differences in susceptibility to airway inflammation induced by exposure to diesel exhaust particles between obese mice (db/db) and lean mice (db/+m). Female db/db and db/+m mice were intratracheally administered diesel exhaust particles or vehicle every 2 weeks for a total of seven times. The cellular profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and histological changes in the lungs were assessed and the lungs and serum were analyzed for the generation of cytokines, chemokines and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1. Diesel exhaust particle exposure-induced eosinophilic infiltration in db/+m mice accompanied by T-helper 2 cytokine, chemokine and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression in the lungs. In contrast, it induced mild neutrophilic airway inflammation accompanied by elevated cytokines and chemokines in db/db mice. The lungs of db/db mice exhibited decreased expression of eosinophil activators/chemoattractants such as interleukin-5, interleukin-13 and eotaxin compared with those of db/+m mice. In addition, serum eotaxin and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 levels were significantly higher in db/db mice than in db/+m mice. In conclusion, obesity can affect susceptibility to diesel exhaust particle-induced airway inflammation, which is possibly due to differences in local and systemic inflammatory responses between lean and obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Yanagisawa
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan
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Donaldson K, Duffin R, Langrish JP, Miller MR, Mills NL, Poland CA, Raftis J, Shah A, Shaw CA, Newby DE. Nanoparticles and the cardiovascular system: a critical review. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:403-23. [PMID: 23477334 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are tiny particles with a diameter of less than 100 nm. Traffic exhaust is a major source of combustion-derived NPs (CDNPs), which represent a significant component in urban air pollution. Epidemiological, panel and controlled human chamber studies clearly demonstrate that exposure to CDNPs is associated with multiple adverse cardiovascular effects in both healthy individuals and those with pre-existing cardiovascular disease. NPs are also manufactured from a large range of materials for industrial use in a vast array of products including for use as novel imaging agents for medical use. There is currently little information available on the impacts of manufactured NPs in humans, but experimental studies demonstrate similarities to the detrimental cardiovascular actions of CDNPs. This review describes the evidence for these cardiovascular effects and attempts to resolve the paradox between the adverse effects of the unintentional exposure of CDNPs and the intentional delivery of manufactured NPs for medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Donaldson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Thiering E, Cyrys J, Kratzsch J, Meisinger C, Hoffmann B, Berdel D, von Berg A, Koletzko S, Bauer CP, Heinrich J. Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and insulin resistance in children: results from the GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohorts. Diabetologia 2013; 56:1696-704. [PMID: 23666166 PMCID: PMC3699704 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Epidemiological studies that have examined associations between long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults are inconsistent, and studies on insulin resistance are scarce. We aimed to assess the association between traffic-related air pollution and insulin resistance in children. METHODS Fasting blood samples were collected from 397 10-year-old children in two prospective German birth cohort studies. Individual-level exposures to traffic-related air pollutants at the birth address were estimated by land use regression models. The association between air pollution and HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was analysed using a linear model adjusted for several covariates including birthweight, pubertal status and BMI. Models were also further adjusted for second-hand smoke exposure at home. Sensitivity analyses that assessed the impact of relocating, study design and sex were performed. RESULTS In all crude and adjusted models, levels of insulin resistance were greater in children with higher exposure to air pollution. Insulin resistance increased by 17.0% (95% CI 5.0, 30.3) and 18.7% (95% CI 2.9, 36.9) for every 2SDs increase in ambient NO2 and particulate matter ≤10 μm in diameter, respectively. Proximity to the nearest major road increased insulin resistance by 7.2% (95% CI 0.8, 14.0) per 500 m. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Traffic-related air pollution may increase the risk of insulin resistance. Given the ubiquitous nature of air pollution and the high incidence of insulin resistance in the general population, the associations examined here may have potentially important public health effects despite the small/moderate effect sizes observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich, Germany
| | - J. Cyrys
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Environmental Science Center, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - J. Kratzsch
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C. Meisinger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Augsburg, Germany
| | - B. Hoffmann
- IUF Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - D. Berdel
- Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - A. von Berg
- Department of Pediatrics, Marien-Hospital Wesel, Wesel, Germany
| | - S. Koletzko
- Dr von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - C.-P. Bauer
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J. Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane R Gold
- Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston MA 02115, USA.
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Impact of experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus on systemic and coagulation vulnerability in mice acutely exposed to diesel exhaust particles. Part Fibre Toxicol 2013; 10:14. [PMID: 23587270 PMCID: PMC3641025 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological evidence indicates that diabetic patients have increased susceptibility to adverse cardiovascular outcomes related to acute increases in exposures to particulate air pollution. However, mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Methods To evaluate the possible mechanisms underlying these actions, we assessed the systemic effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) in control mice, and mice with streptozotocin–induced type 1 diabetes. Four weeks following induction of diabetes, the animals were intratracheally instilled (i.t.) with DEP (0.4 mg/kg) or saline, and several cardiovascular endpoints were measured 24 h thereafter. Results DEP caused leukocytosis and a significant increase in plasma C-reactive protein and 8-isoprostane concentrations in diabetic mice compared to diabetic mice exposed to saline or non-diabetic mice exposed to DEP. The arterial PO2 as well as the number of platelets and the thrombotic occlusion time in pial arterioles assessed in vivo were significantly decreased following the i.t. instillation of DEP in diabetic mice compared to diabetic mice exposed to saline or non-diabetic mice exposed to DEP. Both alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase activities, as well as the plasma concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor and von Willebrand factor were significantly increased in DEP-exposed diabetic mice compared to diabetic mice exposed to saline or DEP-exposed non-diabetic mice. The in vitro addition of DEP (0.25-1 μg/ml) to untreated mouse blood significantly and dose-dependently induced in vitro platelet aggregation, and these effects were exacerbated in blood of diabetic mice. Conclusion This study has shown that systemic and coagulation events are aggravated by type 1 diabetes in mice, acutely exposed to DEP and has described the possible mechanisms for these actions that may also be relevant to the exacerbation of cardiovascular morbidity accompanying particulate air pollution in diabetic patients.
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Sun Z, Mukherjee B, Brook RD, Gatts GA, Yang F, Sun Q, Brook JR, Fan Z, Rajagopalan S. Air-Pollution and Cardiometabolic Diseases (AIRCMD): a prospective study investigating the impact of air pollution exposure and propensity for type II diabetes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 448:72-78. [PMID: 23182147 PMCID: PMC4548977 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There is a paucity of prospective cohort studies investigating the impact of environmental factors on the development of cardiometabolic (CM) disorders like type II diabetes (T2DM). The objective of the Air-Pollution and Cardiometabolic Diseases (AIRCMD) study is to investigate the impact of personal level air pollution measures [personal black carbon (BC)/sulfate measures] and ambient fine particulate matter [(PM2.5)/NO2] levels on propensity to type II diabetes in Beijing, China. Subjects with metabolic syndrome will undergo four repeated study visits within each season over a one year period following an initial screening visit. At each study visit, subjects will be monitored for sub-acute exposure to personal and ambient measures of air-pollution exposure and will undergo a series of functional CM outcomes. The primary endpoints include independent associations between integrated 5-day mean exposure to PM2.5 and BC and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) measures, 24-hour mean diastolic and mean arterial pressure and endothelial-dependent vasodilatation. The secondary endpoints will explore the mechanistic explanation for a causal relationship between exposures and propensity for type II diabetes and will include additional functional outcomes such as arterial compliance, heart rate variability and plasma adipokines. The novel aspects of the study include the launch of infrastructure for future translational investigations in highly polluted urbanized environments and the creation of novel methodologies for linking personalized exposure measurements with functional CM outcomes. We believe that AIRCMD will allow for unprecedented new investigations into the association between environmental risk factors and CM disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Nemmar A, Al-salam S, Subramaniyan D, Yasin J, Yuvaraju P, Beegam S, Ali BH. Influence of experimental type 1 diabetes on the pulmonary effects of diesel exhaust particles in mice. Toxicol Lett 2013; 217:170-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Raaschou-Nielsen O, Sørensen M, Ketzel M, Hertel O, Loft S, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Andersen ZJ. Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and diabetes-associated mortality: a cohort study. Diabetologia 2013; 56:36-46. [PMID: 22918192 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2698-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to investigate whether air pollution from traffic at a residence is associated with mortality related to type 1 or type 2 diabetes. METHODS We followed up 52,061 participants in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort for diabetes-related mortality in the nationwide Register of Causes of Death, from baseline in 1993-1997 up to the end of 2009, and traced their residential addresses since 1971 in the Central Population Registry. We used dispersion-modelled concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) since 1971 and amount of traffic at the baseline residence as indicators of traffic-related air pollution and used Cox regression models to estimate mortality-rate ratios (MRRs) with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS Mean levels of NO₂ at the residence since 1971 were significantly associated with mortality from diabetes. Exposure above 19.4 μg/m³ (upper quartile) was associated with a MRR of 2.15 (95% CI 1.21, 3.83) when compared with below 13.6 μg/m³ (lower quartile), corresponding to an MRR of 1.31 (95% CI 0.98, 1.76) per 10 μg/m³ NO₂ after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This study suggests that traffic-related air pollution is associated with mortality from diabetes. If confirmed, reduction in population exposure to traffic-related air pollution could be an additional strategy against the global public health burden of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Liu C, Ying Z, Harkema J, Sun Q, Rajagopalan S. Epidemiological and experimental links between air pollution and type 2 diabetes. Toxicol Pathol 2012; 41:361-73. [PMID: 23104765 DOI: 10.1177/0192623312464531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence suggesting links between exposure to environmental toxins and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In this review, we summarize the experimental evidence to support this association that has been noted in many epidemiologic studies. Inflammation in response to particulate matter (PM(2.5)) exposure in air pollution represents a common mechanism that may interact with other pro-inflammatory influences in diet and life style to modulate susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases. The role of innate immune cytokines released from macrophages in the lung is well known. In addition, chemokine triggers in response to air-pollution exposure may mediate a cellular response from the bone marrow/spleen through toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain receptors (NLRs) pathways to mediate inflammatory response in organs. Emerging data also seem to support a role for PM(2.5) exposure in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and in brown adipose tissue dysfunction. Decreased expression of UCP1 in brown adipose tissue may account for reduced thermogenesis providing another link between PM(2.5) and insulin resistance. The implications of an experimental link between air-pollution exposure and type 2 DM are profound as air pollution is a pervasive risk factor throughout the world and even modest alleviation in exposure may provide substantial public health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqing Liu
- Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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