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Hu Z, Zheng M, Guo Z, Zhou W, Zhou W, Yao N, Zhang G, Lu Q, Zhao M. Single-cell sequencing reveals distinct immune cell features in cutaneous lesions of pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Clin Immunol 2024; 263:110219. [PMID: 38631594 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV) are two common subtypes of autoimmune bullous disease (AIBD). The key role of circulating autoreactive immune cells contributing to skin damage of AIBD has been widely recognized. Nevertheless, the immune characteristics in cutaneous lesions remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell VDJ sequencing (scRNA-seq) to generate transcriptional profiles for cells and T/B cell clonetype in skin lesions of BP and PV. We found that the proportions of NK&T, macrophages/ dendritic cells, B cells, and mast cells increased in BP and PV lesions. Then, BP and PV cells constituted over 75% of all myeloid cell subtypes, CD4+ T cell subtypes and CD8+ T cell subtypes. Strikingly, CD8+ Trm was identified to be expanded in PV, and located in the intermediate state of the pseudotime trajectory from CD8+ Tm to CD8+ Tem. Interestingly, CD8+ Tem and CD4+ Treg highly expressed exhaustion-related genes, especially in BP lesions. Moreover, the enhanced cell communication between stromal cells and immune cells like B cells and macrophages/ dendritic cells was also identified in BP and PV lesions. Finally, clone expansion was observed in T cells of BP and PV compared with HC, while CD8+ Trm represented the highest ratio of hyperexpanded TCR clones among all T cell subtypes. Our study generally depicts a large and comprehensive single-cell landscape of cutaneous lesions and highlights immune cell features in BP and PV. This offers potential research targets for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hu
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China; Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Meiling Zheng
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China; Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Ziyu Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Wenyu Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Guiying Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China; Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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2
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Moysidou E, Lioulios G, Christodoulou M, Xochelli A, Stai S, Iosifidou M, Iosifidou A, Briza S, Briza DI, Fylaktou A, Stangou M. Increase in Double Negative B Lymphocytes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Remission and Their Correlation with Early Differentiated T Lymphocyte Subpopulations. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6667-6681. [PMID: 37623240 PMCID: PMC10453294 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
B and T lymphocytes demonstrate important alterations in patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), with a significant upregulation of double negative (DN) B cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of T cell immunity changes with the distinct B-cell-pattern SLE. In the present study, flow cytometry was performed in 30 patients in remission of SLE and 31 healthy controls to detect DN B cells (CD19+IgD-CD27-) and a wide range of T lymphocyte subpopulations based on the presence of CD45RA, CCR7, CD31, CD28, and CD57, defined as naive, memory, and advanced differentiated/senescent T cells. Both B and T lymphocytes were significantly reduced in SLE patients. However, the percentage of DN B cells were increased compared to HC (12.9 (2.3-74.2) vs. 8 (1.7-35), p = 0.04). The distribution of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes demonstrated a shift to advanced differentiated subsets. The population of DN B cells had a significant positive correlation with most of the early differentiated T lymphocytes, CD4CD31+, CD4CD45RA+CD28+, CD4CD45RA+CD57-, CD4CD45RA-CD57-, CD4CD28+CD57-, CD4CD28+CD57+, CD4 CM, CD8 CD31+, CD8 NAÏVE, CD8CD45RA-CD57-, CD8CD28+CD57-, and CD8CD28+CD57+. Multiple regression analysis revealed CD4CD31+, CD8CD45RA-CD57-, and CD8CD28+CD57- cells as independent parameters contributing to DN B cells, with adjusted R2 = 0.534 and p < 0.0001. The predominance of DN B cells in patients with SLE is closely associated with early differentiated T lymphocyte subsets, indicating a potential causality role of DN B cells in T lymphocyte activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Moysidou
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 45636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (A.I.)
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital “Hippokration”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Lioulios
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 45636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (A.I.)
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital “Hippokration”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michalis Christodoulou
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 45636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (A.I.)
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital “Hippokration”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aliki Xochelli
- Department of Immunology, National Histocompatibility Center, General Hospital “Hippokration”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.X.); (A.F.)
| | - Stamatia Stai
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 45636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (A.I.)
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital “Hippokration”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Myrto Iosifidou
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 45636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (A.I.)
| | - Artemis Iosifidou
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 45636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (A.I.)
| | - Sophia Briza
- Department of Architecture, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334 Thessaly, Greece;
| | - Dimitria Ioanna Briza
- School of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 45636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Asimina Fylaktou
- Department of Immunology, National Histocompatibility Center, General Hospital “Hippokration”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.X.); (A.F.)
| | - Maria Stangou
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 45636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.M.); (G.L.); (M.C.); (S.S.); (M.I.); (A.I.)
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital “Hippokration”, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
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3
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Garcia-Carmona Y, Fribourg M, Sowa A, Cerutti A, Cunningham-Rundles C. TACI and endogenous APRIL in B cell maturation. Clin Immunol 2023; 253:109689. [PMID: 37422057 PMCID: PMC10528899 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
While many of the genes and molecular pathways in the germinal center B cell response which initiate protective antibody production are known, the contributions of individual molecular players in terminal B cell differentiation remain unclear. We have previously investigated how mutations in TACI gene, noted in about 10% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency, impair B cell differentiation and often, lead to lymphoid hyperplasia and autoimmunity. Unlike mouse B cells, human B cells express TACI-L (Long) and TACI-S (Short) isoforms, but only TACI-S promotes terminal B cell differentiation into plasma cells. Here we show that the expression of intracellular TACI-S increases with B cell activation, and colocalizes with BCMA and their ligand, APRIL. We show that the loss of APRIL impairs isotype class switch and leads to distinct metabolic and transcriptional changes. Our studies suggest that intracellular TACI-S and APRIL along with BCMA direct long-term PC differentiation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Garcia-Carmona
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA; Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Miguel Fribourg
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Allison Sowa
- Microscopy CoRE and Advanced Bioimaging Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrea Cerutti
- Translational Clinical Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA; Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
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4
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Leon C, Tokarev A, Bouchnita A, Volpert V. Modelling of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Response to SARS Viral Infection, Cytokine Storm and Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010127. [PMID: 36679972 PMCID: PMC9861811 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we develop mathematical models of the immune response to respiratory viral infection, taking into account some particular properties of the SARS-CoV infections, cytokine storm and vaccination. Each model consists of a system of ordinary differential equations that describe the interactions of the virus, epithelial cells, immune cells, cytokines, and antibodies. Conventional analysis of the existence and stability of stationary points is completed by numerical simulations in order to study the dynamics of solutions. The behavior of the solutions is characterized by large peaks of virus concentration specific to acute respiratory viral infections. At the first stage, we study the innate immune response based on the protective properties of interferon secreted by virus-infected cells. Viral infection down-regulates interferon production. This competition can lead to the bistability of the system with different regimes of infection progression with high or low intensity. After that, we introduce the adaptive immune response with antigen-specific T- and B-lymphocytes. The resulting model shows how the incubation period and the maximal viral load depend on the initial viral load and the parameters of the immune response. In particular, an increase in the initial viral load leads to a shorter incubation period and higher maximal viral load. The model shows that a deficient production of antibodies leads to an increase in the incubation period and even higher maximum viral loads. In order to study the emergence and dynamics of cytokine storm, we consider proinflammatory cytokines produced by cells of the innate immune response. Depending on the parameters of the model, the system can remain in the normal inflammatory state specific for viral infections or, due to positive feedback between inflammation and immune cells, pass to cytokine storm characterized by the excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines. Finally, we study the production of antibodies due to vaccination. We determine the dose-response dependence and the optimal interval of vaccine dose. Assumptions of the model and obtained results correspond to the experimental and clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Leon
- Interdisciplinary Center for Mathematical Modelling in Biomedicine, S.M. Nikol’skii Mathematical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
- M&S Decisions, 5 Naryshkinskaya Alley, 125167 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Foreign Languages No. 2, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Lane, 115093 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexey Tokarev
- Interdisciplinary Center for Mathematical Modelling in Biomedicine, S.M. Nikol’skii Mathematical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Bukhara Engineering Technological Institute, 15 Murtazoyeva Street, Bukhara 200100, Uzbekistan
| | - Anass Bouchnita
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA
| | - Vitaly Volpert
- Interdisciplinary Center for Mathematical Modelling in Biomedicine, S.M. Nikol’skii Mathematical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Institut Camille Jordan, UMR 5208 CNRS, University Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
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5
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Tourigny DS, Zucker M, Kim M, Russo P, Coleman J, Lee CH, Carlo MI, Chen YB, Hakimi AA, Kotecha RR, Reznik E. Molecular Characterization of the Tumor Microenvironment in Renal Medullary Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:910147. [PMID: 35837094 PMCID: PMC9275834 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.910147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) is a highly aggressive disease associated with sickle hemoglobinopathies and universal loss of the tumor suppressor gene SMARCB1. RMC has a relatively low rate of incidence compared with other renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) that has hitherto made molecular profiling difficult. To probe this rare disease in detail we performed an in-depth characterization of the RMC tumor microenvironment using a combination of genomic, metabolic and single-cell RNA-sequencing experiments on tissue from a representative untreated RMC patient, complemented by retrospective analyses of archival tissue and existing published data. Our study of the tumor identifies a heterogenous population of malignant cell states originating from the thick ascending limb of the Loop of Henle within the renal medulla. Transformed RMC cells displayed the hallmarks of increased resistance to cell death by ferroptosis and proteotoxic stress driven by MYC-induced proliferative signals. Specifically, genomic characterization of RMC tumors provides substantiating evidence for the recently proposed dependence of SMARCB1-difficient cancers on proteostasis modulated by an intact CDKN2A-p53 pathway. We also provide evidence that increased cystine-mTORC-GPX4 signaling plays a role in protecting transformed RMC cells against ferroptosis. We further propose that RMC has an immune landscape comparable to that of untreated RCCs, including heterogenous expression of the immune ligand CD70 within a sub-population of tumor cells. The latter could provide an immune-modulatory role that serves as a viable candidate for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Tourigny
- Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: David S. Tourigny, ; A. Ari Hakimi, ; Ritesh R. Kotecha, ; Ed Reznik,
| | - Mark Zucker
- Computational Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Computational Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Paul Russo
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan Coleman
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chung-Han Lee
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maria I. Carlo
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ying-Bei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - A. Ari Hakimi
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: David S. Tourigny, ; A. Ari Hakimi, ; Ritesh R. Kotecha, ; Ed Reznik,
| | - Ritesh R. Kotecha
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: David S. Tourigny, ; A. Ari Hakimi, ; Ritesh R. Kotecha, ; Ed Reznik,
| | - Ed Reznik
- Computational Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: David S. Tourigny, ; A. Ari Hakimi, ; Ritesh R. Kotecha, ; Ed Reznik,
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6
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Abolhassani H. Specific Immune Response and Cytokine Production in CD70 Deficiency. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:615724. [PMID: 33996677 PMCID: PMC8120026 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.615724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective clinical and immunologic findings of defects in the CD27-CD70 axis indicate a primary immunodeficiency associated with terminal B-cell development defect and immune dysregulation leading to autoimmunity, uncontrolled viral infection, and lymphoma. Since the molecular mechanism underlying this entity of primary immunodeficiency has been recently described, more insight regarding the function and profile of immunity is required. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate stimulated antibody production, polyclonal vs. virus-specific T-cell response, and cytokine production of a CD70-deficient patient reported previously with early-onset antibody deficiency suffering from chronic viral infections and B-cell lymphoma. The patient and her family members were subjected to clinical evaluation, immunological assays, and functional analyses. The findings of this study indicate an impaired ability of B cells to produce immunoglobulins, and a poor effector function of T cells was also associated with the severity of clinical phenotype. Reduced proportions of cells expressing the memory marker CD45RO, as well as T-bet and Eomes, were observed in CD70-deficient T cells. The proportion of 2B4+ and PD-1+ virus-specific CD8+ T cells was also reduced in the patient. Although the CD70-mutated individuals presented with early-onset clinical manifestations that were well-controlled by using conventional immunological and anticancer chemotherapies, with better prognosis as compared with CD27-deficient patients, targeted treatment toward specific disturbed immune profile may improve the management and even prevent secondary complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Kishore R, Gupta A, Gupta AK, Kabra SK. Novel mutation in the CD27 gene in a patient presenting with hypogammaglobulinemia, bronchiectasis and EBV-driven lymphoproliferative disease. BMJ Case Rep 2020; 13:13/2/e233482. [PMID: 32041749 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-233482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD27 deficiency is a rare primary immune deficiency which affects T cells, B cells and NK cells and is associated with hypogammaglobulinemia. Clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic disease to life-threatening Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)-driven complications including malignancy. Delay in diagnosis and late presentation adversely affects the clinical outcome and survival. We report a 10-year-old girl who had been symptomatic since 3 years of age with recurrent infections, developed bronchiectasis and was found to have hypogammaglobulinemia. Initially diagnosed as common variable immune deficiency, she had persistent lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia, raising a clinical suspicion of a lymphoproliferative condition. On investigation, she was found to have a novel mutation involving the CD27 gene with very high EBV load. She was given rituximab injections to which she showed partial response and later developed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma .
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Kishore
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Kabra
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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8
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Wu Z, Tang Z, Shang M, Zhao L, Zhou L, Kong X, Lin Z, Sun H, Chen T, Xu J, Li X, Huang Y, Yu X. Comparative analysis of immune effects in mice model: Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease generated from recombinant Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis spores. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:1811-1822. [PMID: 28502017 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5445-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Clonorchiasis remains a nonnegligible public health problem in endemic areas. Cysteine protease of Clonorchis sinensis (CsCP) plays indispensable roles in the parasitic physiology and pathology, and has been exploited as a promising drug and vaccine candidate. In recent years, development of spore-based vaccines against multiple pathogens has attracted many investigators' interest. In previous studies, the recombinant Escherichia coli (BL21) and Bacillus subtilis spores expressing CsCP have been successfully constructed, respectively. In this study, the immune effects of CsCP protein purified from recombinant BL21 (rCsCP) and B. subtilis spores presenting CsCP (B.s-CsCP) in Balb/c mice model were conducted with comparative analysis. Levels of specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a were significantly increased in sera from both rCsCP and B.s-CsCP intraperitoneally immunized mice. Additionally, recombinant spores expressing abundant fusion CsCP (0.03125 pg/spore) could strongly enhance the immunogenicity of CsCP with significantly higher levels of IgG and isotypes. Compared with rCsCP alone, intraperitoneal administration of mice with spores expressing CsCP achieved a better effect of fighting against C. sinensis infection by slowing down the process of fibrosis. Our results demonstrated that a combination of Th1/Th2 immune responses could be elicited by rCsCP, while spores displaying CsCP prominently induced Th1-biased specific immune responses, and the complex cytokine network maybe mediates protective immune responses against C. sinensis. This work further confirmed that the usage of B. subtilis spores displaying CsCP is an effective way to against C. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanshuai Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeli Tang
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Mei Shang
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Lina Zhou
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xiangzhan Kong
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Hengchang Sun
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Tingjin Chen
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xuerong Li
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - Xinbing Yu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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Abolhassani H, Edwards ESJ, Ikinciogullari A, Jing H, Borte S, Buggert M, Du L, Matsuda-Lennikov M, Romano R, Caridha R, Bade S, Zhang Y, Frederiksen J, Fang M, Bal SK, Haskologlu S, Dogu F, Tacyildiz N, Matthews HF, McElwee JJ, Gostick E, Price DA, Palendira U, Aghamohammadi A, Boisson B, Rezaei N, Karlsson AC, Lenardo MJ, Casanova JL, Hammarström L, Tangye SG, Su HC, Pan-Hammarström Q. Combined immunodeficiency and Epstein-Barr virus-induced B cell malignancy in humans with inherited CD70 deficiency. J Exp Med 2016; 214:91-106. [PMID: 28011864 PMCID: PMC5206499 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abolhassani et al. show that CD70 deficiency is a novel cause of combined immunodeficiency and EBV-associated diseases, reminiscent of CD27 deficiency. CD70–CD27 interactions play a nonredundant role regulating humoral- and cell-mediated immunity in humans, especially for control of EBV. In this study, we describe four patients from two unrelated families of different ethnicities with a primary immunodeficiency, predominantly manifesting as susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–related diseases. Three patients presented with EBV-associated Hodgkin’s lymphoma and hypogammaglobulinemia; one also had severe varicella infection. The fourth had viral encephalitis during infancy. Homozygous frameshift or in-frame deletions in CD70 in these patients abolished either CD70 surface expression or binding to its cognate receptor CD27. Blood lymphocyte numbers were normal, but the proportions of memory B cells and EBV-specific effector memory CD8+ T cells were reduced. Furthermore, although T cell proliferation was normal, in vitro–generated EBV-specific cytotoxic T cell activity was reduced because of CD70 deficiency. This reflected impaired activation by, rather than effects during killing of, EBV-transformed B cells. Notably, expression of 2B4 and NKG2D, receptors implicated in controlling EBV infection, on memory CD8+ T cells from CD70-deficient individuals was reduced, consistent with their impaired killing of EBV-infected cells. Thus, autosomal recessive CD70 deficiency is a novel cause of combined immunodeficiency and EBV-associated diseases, reminiscent of inherited CD27 deficiency. Overall, human CD70–CD27 interactions therefore play a nonredundant role in T and B cell–mediated immunity, especially for protection against EBV and humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14149 Tehran, Iran
| | - Emily S J Edwards
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Aydan Ikinciogullari
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University Medical School, 06100 Dikimevi-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Huie Jing
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Stephan Borte
- ImmunoDeficiency Center Leipzig, Hospital St. Georg Leipzig, D-04129 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcus Buggert
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Likun Du
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mami Matsuda-Lennikov
- Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Rosa Romano
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rozina Caridha
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sangeeta Bade
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Juliet Frederiksen
- Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mingyan Fang
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sevgi Kostel Bal
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University Medical School, 06100 Dikimevi-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sule Haskologlu
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University Medical School, 06100 Dikimevi-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Figen Dogu
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University Medical School, 06100 Dikimevi-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Tacyildiz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ankara University Medical School, 06100 Dikimevi-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Helen F Matthews
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK
| | - David A Price
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK
| | | | - Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14149 Tehran, Iran.,Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, 14149 Tehran, Iran
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U.1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14149 Tehran, Iran.,Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, 14149 Tehran, Iran
| | - Annika C Karlsson
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael J Lenardo
- Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U.1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France.,Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia .,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Host Defenses, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 .,Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, SE1418 Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Human CD38hiCD138⁺ plasma cells can be generated in vitro from CD40-activated switched-memory B lymphocytes. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:635108. [PMID: 25759831 PMCID: PMC4352507 DOI: 10.1155/2014/635108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphocyte differentiation into long-lived plasma cells is the keystone event for the production of long-term protective antibodies. CD40-CD154 and CD27-CD70 interactions are involved in human B lymphocyte differentiation into CD38(hi)CD138(+) cells in vivo as well as in vitro. In this study, we have compared these interactions in their capacity to drive switched-memory B lymphocytes differentiation into CD38(hi)CD138(+) plasma cells. The targeted B lymphocytes were isolated from human peripheral blood, expanded for 19 days, and then submitted to CD70 or CD154 interactions for 14 days. The expanded B lymphocytes were constitutively expressing CD39, whereas CD31's expression was noticed only following the in vitro differentiation step (day 5) and was exclusively present on the CD38(hi) cell population. Furthermore, the generated CD38(hi)CD138(+) cells showed a higher proportion of CD31(+) cells than the CD38(hi)CD138(-) cells. Besides, analyses done with human blood and bone marrow plasma cells showed that in vivo and de novo generated CD38(hi)CD138(+) cells have a similar CD31 expression profile but are distinct according to their reduced CD39 expression level. Overall, we have evidences that in vitro generated plasma cells are heterogeneous and appear as CD39(+) precursors to the ones present in bone marrow niches.
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12
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Sheng Y, Jin X, Xu J, Gao J, Du X, Duan D, Li B, Zhao J, Zhan W, Tang H, Tang X, Li Y, Cheng H, Zuo X, Mei J, Zhou F, Liang B, Chen G, Shen C, Cui H, Zhang X, Zhang C, Wang W, Zheng X, Fan X, Wang Z, Xiao F, Cui Y, Li Y, Wang J, Yang S, Xu L, Sun L, Zhang X. Sequencing-based approach identified three new susceptibility loci for psoriasis. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4331. [PMID: 25006012 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In a previous large-scale exome sequencing analysis for psoriasis, we discovered seven common and low-frequency missense variants within six genes with genome-wide significance. Here we describe an in-depth analysis of noncoding variants based on sequencing data (10,727 cases and 10,582 controls) with replication in an independent cohort of Han Chinese individuals consisting of 4,480 cases and 6,521 controls to identify additional psoriasis susceptibility loci. We confirmed four known psoriasis susceptibility loci (IL12B, IFIH1, ERAP1 and RNF114; 2.30 × 10(-20)≤P≤2.41 × 10(-7)) and identified three new susceptibility loci: 4q24 (NFKB1) at rs1020760 (P=2.19 × 10(-8)), 12p13.3 (CD27-LAG3) at rs758739 (P=4.08 × 10(-8)) and 17q12 (IKZF3) at rs10852936 (P=1.96 × 10(-8)). Two suggestive loci, 3p21.31 and 17q25, are also identified with P<1.00 × 10(-6). The results of this study increase the number of confirmed psoriasis risk loci and provide novel insight into the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Sheng
- 1] Department of Dermatology, No. 2 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China [2] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [3] Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China [4]
| | - Xin Jin
- 1] BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China [2] School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 518055, China [3]
| | - Jinhua Xu
- 1] Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China [2]
| | - Jinping Gao
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [4]
| | - Xiaoqing Du
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Dawei Duan
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Bing Li
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Wenying Zhan
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Huayang Tang
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xianfa Tang
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yang Li
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xianbo Zuo
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Junpu Mei
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Fusheng Zhou
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Bo Liang
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Gang Chen
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Changbing Shen
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Hongzhou Cui
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Change Zhang
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xing Fan
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zaixing Wang
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Fengli Xiao
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Yong Cui
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | | | - Jun Wang
- 1] BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China [2] Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark [3] Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Sen Yang
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rm1028 Ho Sin-Hang Engineering Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liangdan Sun
- 1] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [2] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [3] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- 1] Department of Dermatology, No. 2 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China [2] Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China [3] Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China [4] Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China [5] Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, China, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
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Huang PY, Best OG, Almazi JG, Belov L, Davis ZA, Majid A, Dyer MJ, Pascovici D, Mulligan SP, Christopherson RI. Cell surface phenotype profiles distinguish stable and progressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:2085-92. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.867486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Seidel MG, Duerr C, Woutsas S, Schwerin-Nagel A, Sadeghi K, Neesen J, Uhrig S, Santos-Valente E, Pickl WF, Schwinger W, Urban C, Boztug K, Förster-Waldl E. A novel immunodeficiency syndrome associated with partial trisomy 19p13. J Med Genet 2014; 51:254-63. [PMID: 24431329 PMCID: PMC3963557 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-102122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background Subtelomeric deletions and duplications may cause syndromic disorders that include features of immunodeficiency. To date, no phenotype of immunological pathology has been linked to partial trisomy 19. We report here on two unrelated male patients showing clinical and laboratory signs of immunodeficiency exhibiting a duplication involving Chromosome 19p13. Methods Both patients underwent a detailed clinical examination. Extended laboratory investigations for immune function, FISH and array comparative genome hybridization (CGH) analyses were performed. Results The reported patients were born prematurely with intrauterine growth retardation and share clinical features including neurological impairment, facial dysmorphy and urogenital malformations. Array CGH analyses of both patients showed a largely overlapping terminal duplication affecting Chromosome 19p13. In both affected individuals, the clinical course was marked by recurrent severe infections. Signs of humoral immunodeficiency were detected, including selective antibody deficiency against polysaccharide antigens in patient 1 and reduced IgG1, IgG3 subclass levels and IgM deficiency in patient 2. Class-switched B memory cells were almost absent in both patients. Normal numbers of T cells, B cells and natural killer cells were observed in both boys. Lymphocytic proliferation showed no consistent functional pathology, however, function of granulocytes and monocytes as assessed by oxidative burst test was moderately reduced. Moreover, natural killer cytotoxicity was reduced in both patients. Immunoglobulin substitution resulted in a decreased number and severity of infections and improved thriving in both patients. Conclusions Partial trisomy 19p13 represents a syndromic disorder associating organ malformation and hitherto unrecognised immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus G Seidel
- Divison of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
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15
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Nagalla S, Chou JW, Willingham MC, Ruiz J, Vaughn JP, Dubey P, Lash TL, Hamilton-Dutoit SJ, Bergh J, Sotiriou C, Black MA, Miller LD. Interactions between immunity, proliferation and molecular subtype in breast cancer prognosis. Genome Biol 2013; 14:R34. [PMID: 23618380 PMCID: PMC3798758 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2013-14-4-r34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene expression signatures indicative of tumor proliferative capacity and tumor-immune cell interactions have emerged as principal biology-driven predictors of breast cancer outcomes. How these signatures relate to one another in biological and prognostic contexts remains to be clarified. RESULTS To investigate the relationship between proliferation and immune gene signatures, we analyzed an integrated dataset of 1,954 clinically annotated breast tumor expression profiles randomized into training and test sets to allow two-way discovery and validation of gene-survival associations. Hierarchical clustering revealed a large cluster of distant metastasis-free survival-associated genes with known immunological functions that further partitioned into three distinct immune metagenes likely reflecting B cells and/or plasma cells; T cells and natural killer cells; and monocytes and/or dendritic cells. A proliferation metagene allowed stratification of cases into proliferation tertiles. The prognostic strength of these metagenes was largely restricted to tumors within the highest proliferation tertile, though intrinsic subtype-specific differences were observed in the intermediate and low proliferation tertiles. In highly proliferative tumors, high tertile immune metagene expression equated with markedly reduced risk of metastasis whereas tumors with low tertile expression of any one of the three immune metagenes were associated with poor outcome despite higher expression of the other two metagenes. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a productive interplay among multiple immune cell types at the tumor site promotes long-term anti-metastatic immunity in a proliferation-dependent manner. The emergence of a subset of effective immune responders among highly proliferative tumors has novel prognostic ramifications.
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The many faces of the clinical picture of common variable immune deficiency. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 12:595-601. [PMID: 23026770 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0b013e32835914b9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the recent advancements in common variable immune deficiency (CVID), specifically CVID genetics, clinical discoveries and treatment implications. RECENT FINDINGS Large genomic studies have implicated new genes in the pathogenesis of CVID, and basic science studies have contributed to our knowledge of potential mechanisms. Cohort studies have further defined the immunologic parameters and clinical presentation of CVID, as well as the factors that contribute to morbidity and mortality in this disease. Immunoglobulin remains the mainstay of treatment, although there may be a role for immunosuppression and other therapies. SUMMARY CVID is a genotypically and phenotypically heterogeneous primary immune deficiency, the genetic and clinical characteristics of which are under active investigation. Further, discovery may yield important new treatment protocols that can continue to reduce the morbidity and mortality from this disease.
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Functionally Distinct Subpopulations of CpG-Activated Memory B Cells. Sci Rep 2012; 2:345. [PMID: 22468229 PMCID: PMC3315693 DOI: 10.1038/srep00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the human B cell (Bc) recall response, rapid cell division results in multiple Bc subpopulations. The TLR-9 agonist CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, combined with cytokines, causes Bc activation and division in vitro and increased CD27 surface expression in a sub-population of Bc. We hypothesized that the proliferating CD27lo subpopulation, which has a lower frequency of antibody-secreting cells (ASC) than CD27hi plasmablasts, provides alternative functions such as cytokine secretion, costimulation, or antigen presentation. We performed genome-wide transcriptional analysis of CpG activated Bc sorted into undivided, proliferating CD27lo and proliferating CD27hi subpopulations. Our data supported an alternative hypothesis, that CD27lo cells are a transient pre-plasmablast population, expressing genes associated with Bc receptor editing. Undivided cells had an active transcriptional program of non-ASC B cell functions, including cytokine secretion and costimulation, suggesting a link between innate and adaptive Bc responses. Transcriptome analysis suggested a gene regulatory network for CD27lo and CD27hi Bc differentiation.
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van Montfrans JM, Hoepelman AIM, Otto S, van Gijn M, van de Corput L, de Weger RA, Monaco-Shawver L, Banerjee PP, Sanders EAM, Jol-van der Zijde CM, Betts MR, Orange JS, Bloem AC, Tesselaar K. CD27 deficiency is associated with combined immunodeficiency and persistent symptomatic EBV viremia. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129:787-793.e6. [PMID: 22197273 PMCID: PMC3294016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 10/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD27 is a lymphocyte costimulatory molecule that regulates T-cell, natural killer (NK) cell, B-cell, and plasma cell function, survival, and differentiation. On the basis of its function and expression pattern, we considered CD27 a candidate gene in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. OBJECTIVE We sought to describe the clinical and immunologic phenotypes of patients with genetic CD27 deficiency. METHODS A molecular and extended immunologic analysis was performed on 2 patients lacking CD27 expression. RESULTS We identified 2 brothers with a homozygous mutation in CD27 leading to absence of CD27 expression. Both patients had persistent symptomatic EBV viremia. The index patient was hypogammaglobulinemic, and immunoglobulin replacement therapy was initiated. His brother had aplastic anemia in the course of his EBV infection and died from fulminant gram-positive bacterial sepsis. Immunologically, lack of CD27 expression was associated with impaired T cell-dependent B-cell responses and T-cell dysfunction. CONCLUSION Our findings identify a role for CD27 in human subjects and suggest that this deficiency can explain particular cases of persistent symptomatic EBV viremia with hypogammaglobulinemia and impaired T cell-dependent antibody generation.
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MESH Headings
- Agammaglobulinemia/etiology
- Anemia, Aplastic/complications
- Anemia, Aplastic/genetics
- Anemia, Aplastic/immunology
- Anemia, Aplastic/physiopathology
- Anemia, Aplastic/virology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Consanguinity
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/genetics
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/immunology
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/physiopathology
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/virology
- Fatal Outcome
- Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/complications
- Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/genetics
- Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/immunology
- Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/physiopathology
- Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/virology
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/pathogenicity
- Humans
- Immunity, Humoral/genetics
- Male
- Mutation/genetics
- Pedigree
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/complications
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/genetics
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/immunology
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/physiopathology
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/virology
- Siblings
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7/genetics
- Viremia/genetics
- Viremia/immunology
- Viremia/virology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris M van Montfrans
- Departments of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
The demographics, immunologic parameters, medical complications, and mortality statistics from 473 subjects with common variable immune deficiency followed over 4 decades in New York were analyzed. Median immunoglobulin levels were IgG, 246 mg/dL; IgA, 8 mg/dL; and IgM, 21 mg/dL; 22.6% had an IgG less than 100 mg/dL. Males were diagnosed earlier (median age, 30 years) than females (median age, 33.5 years; P = .004). Ninety-four percent of patients had a history of infections; 68% also had noninfectious complications: hematologic or organ-specific autoimmunity, 28.6%; chronic lung disease, 28.5%; bronchiectasis, 11.2%; gastrointestinal inflammatory disease, 15.4%; malabsorption, 5.9%; granulomatous disease, 9.7%; liver diseases and hepatitis, 9.1%; lymphoma, 8.2%; or other cancers, 7.0%. Females had higher baseline serum IgM (P = .009) and were more likely to develop lymphoma (P = .04); 19.6% of patients died, a significantly shorter survival than age- and sex-matched population controls (P < .0001). Reduced survival was associated with age at diagnosis, lower baseline IgG, higher IgM, and fewer peripheral B cells. The risk of death was 11 times higher for patients with noninfectious complications (hazard ratio = 10.95; P < .0001). Mortality was associated with lymphoma, any form of hepatitis, functional or structural lung impairment, and gastrointestinal disease with or without malabsorption, but not with bronchiectasis, autoimmunity, other cancers, granulomatous disease, or previous splenectomy.
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TLR-mediated B cell defects and IFN-α in common variable immunodeficiency. J Clin Immunol 2011; 32:50-60. [PMID: 22048980 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-011-9602-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) B cells have impaired responses to TLR7 and TLR9 agonists including poor cell proliferation, loss of cytokine production, and failure to produce IgG or IgA. We show that TLR7- or 9-activated B cells from CVID subjects with >0.5% peripheral isotype-switched CD27(+) B cells (group 2) have increased mature Cγ1 and Cγ2 heavy-chain mRNA transcripts compared to subjects who have <0.5% isotype-switched cells (group 1). While TLR-stimulated CVID plasmacytoid dendritic cells for all subjects had impaired IFN-α production, TLR7 or TLR9 stimulation in the presence IFN-α normalized isotype-switched CD27(+) B cells, enhanced activation-induced cytidine deaminase mRNA, and significantly improved IgG production only for group 2 subjects. IFN-α also upregulated TLR7 and TLR9 mRNA expression comparable to normal levels in B cells of group 2 subjects, indicating that the loss of IFN-α could be a significant component of the B-cell defect for these subjects.
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Kosaka S, Tamauchi H, Terashima M, Maruyama H, Habu S, Kitasato H. IL-10 controls Th2-type cytokine production and eosinophil infiltration in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Immunobiology 2010; 216:811-20. [PMID: 21257225 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-10 was originally described as a factor that inhibits cytokine production by murine Th1 clones. Recent studies have since shown that IL-10 can also downregulate Th2 clones and their production of IL-4 and IL-5. Because of its immuno-suppressive properties, IL-10 has been suggested as a potential therapy for allergic inflammation and asthma. However, the pathophysiological role of IL-10 in vivo has not been clearly elucidated. We investigated the effects of IL-10 administration on the production of IgE, cytokine and allergen-induced Th2 cytokine production as well as its effects on eosinophilic inflammation. We established GATA-3/TCR double transgenic (GATA-3/TCR-Tg) mice by crossing GATA-3 transgenic mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-specific TCR transgenic mice; these mice were then sensitized using an intraperitoneal injection of OVA adsorbed to alum and challenged with the intratracheal instillation of an allergen. When GATA-3/TCR-Tg mice sensitized with OVA and alum were injected with C57-IL-10 cells before OVA inhalation, the levels of IL-5, IL-13, and IL-4 decreased by 40-85% and number of eosinophils decreased by 70% (P<0.03) in the murine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). These results suggest that IL-10 plays an important role downstream of the inflammatory cascade in the Th2 response to antigens and in the development of BALF eosinophilia and cytokine production in a murine model of asthma. These immunosuppressive properties in animal models indicate that IL-10 could be a potential clinical therapy for the treatment of allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Kosaka
- Department of Microbiology, Kitasato University Allied Health Science, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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23
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Soluble CD30 and Cd27 levels in patients undergoing HLA antibody-incompatible renal transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2010; 23:161-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ahn S, Cunningham-Rundles C. Role of B cells in common variable immune deficiency. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 5:557-64. [PMID: 20477641 DOI: 10.1586/eci.09.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Common variable immune deficiency is a heterogeneous immune deficiency characterized by reduced serum immunoglobulins and a lack of antibodies. As the name implies, B-cell defects are variably defective. In particular, peripheral blood isotype-switched CD27(+) memory B cells are reduced in number and have been the basis of several classification schemes. A lack of these B cells has been associated with selected clinical conditions, including immune cytopenias, splenomegaly, granulomatous disease and lymphadenopathy. Genetic defects in ICOS, CD19 and TACI have been described. In addition to defects in the production or survival of memory B cells, in most subjects, B cells have defects in Toll-like receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Ahn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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25
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Cayer MP, Drouin M, Proulx M, Jung D. 2-Methoxyestradiol induce the conversion of human peripheral blood memory B lymphocytes into plasma cells. J Immunol Methods 2010; 355:29-39. [PMID: 20202470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2010.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME), an end-metabolite of 17beta-estradiol, is an antiproliferative agent that is currently being tested in clinical trials for cancer treatment. We hereby report that sub-cytotoxic concentrations of 2ME influence the in vitro proliferation of human peripheral blood B lymphocytes. More surprisingly, we have observed that 2ME induces the conversion of CD138(-) B lymphocytes into CD138(+) cells of phenotype similar to immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting plasma cells. Normal human B lymphocytes expressing CD138 increased in response to 2ME in a dose-dependent fashion, from 2% at baseline up to 31% in cells cultured in the presence of 0.75 microM 2ME. Moreover, most of the converted cells were also CD27(+) and secreted high levels of IgG (151 microg/10(6)cells/24h). IEF studies revealed that conversion occurred in a polyclonal manner. We then exploited this effect of 2ME to gain further insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern changes in transcription factors involved in plasma cells differentiation. Plasma cells generated by 2ME treatment of normal human B lymphocytes expressed elevated levels of IRF4 and reduced levels of Pax5 and Bcl-6. Similarly, levels of XBP-1 and Blimp-1 transcripts were increased. Our results suggest that the differentiation of peripheral blood B lymphocytes into plasma cells requires a similar modulation of transcription factors expression that for tonsil and bone marrow B lymphocytes.
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26
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Belouski SS, Wallace D, Weisman M, Ishimori M, Hendricks L, Zack D, Vincent M, Rasmussen E, Ferbas J, Chung J. Sample stability and variability of B-cell subsets in blood from healthy subjects and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2009; 78:49-58. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.20482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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27
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High expression of CD40 on B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia blasts is an independent risk factor associated with improved survival and enhanced capacity to up-regulate the death receptor CD95. Blood 2008; 112:1028-34. [PMID: 18552209 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-11-123315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD40 and CD27, members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, are critical regulators of lymphocyte growth and differentiation. In B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), we prospectively assessed the impact of CD40 and CD27 on outcome in 121 children treated according to the CoALL06-97 protocol. Expression of both CD40 and CD27 was found to be significantly higher in low- than in high-risk patients as defined by standard clinical risk parameters such as age and white blood cell count. In addition, in multivariable analysis, a very high percentage of CD40(+) blasts at diagnosis was identified as an independent favorable prognostic factor for relapse-free survival. Of note, high CD40 expression particularly protected against late relapse. In B cells, CD40 is known to enhance both antigen-presenting capacity and sensitivity to proapoptotic signals. Yet, although CD40 ligation does result in significant up-regulation of CD80/CD86 in our cohort, it is up-regulation of the death receptor CD95 that significantly correlates with the percentage of CD40(+) blasts. Thus very high expression of CD40 on BCP-ALL blasts is an independent prognostic marker indicative of superior relapse-free survival that may in part be due to CD40-dependent death receptor up-regulation.
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28
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Duddy M, Niino M, Adatia F, Hebert S, Freedman M, Atkins H, Kim HJ, Bar-Or A. Distinct effector cytokine profiles of memory and naive human B cell subsets and implication in multiple sclerosis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 178:6092-9. [PMID: 17475834 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.10.6092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 487] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although recent animal studies have fuelled growing interest in Ab-independent functions of B cells, relatively little is known about how human B cells and their subsets may contribute to the regulation of immune responses in either health or disease. In this study, we first confirm that effector cytokine production by normal human B cells is context dependent and demonstrate that this involves the reciprocal regulation of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. We further report that this cytokine network is dysregulated in patients with the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis, whose B cells exhibit a decreased average production of the down-regulatory cytokine IL-10. Treatment with the approved chemotherapeutic agent mitoxantrone reciprocally modulated B cell proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, establishing that the B cell cytokine network can be targeted in vivo. Prospective studies of human B cells reconstituting following in vivo depletion suggested that different B cell subsets produced distinct effector cytokines. We confirmed in normal human B cell subsets that IL-10 is produced almost exclusively by naive B cells while the proinflammatory cytokines lymphotoxin and TNF-alpha are largely produced by memory B cells. These results point to an in vivo switch in the cytokine "program" of human B cells transitioning from the naive pool to the memory pool. We propose a model that ascribes distinct and proactive roles to memory and naive human B cell subsets in the regulation of memory immune responses and in autoimmunity. Our findings are of particular relevance at a time when B cell directed therapies are being applied to clinical trials of several autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Duddy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, and Department of Neurology, Ottawa General Hospital, Canada
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29
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Huggins J, Pellegrin T, Felgar RE, Wei C, Brown M, Zheng B, Milner ECB, Bernstein SH, Sanz I, Zand MS. CpG DNA activation and plasma-cell differentiation of CD27- naive human B cells. Blood 2006; 109:1611-9. [PMID: 17032927 PMCID: PMC1794051 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-03-008441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unmethylated CpG DNA activation of naive CD27- B cells has been reported to require B-cell-receptor (BCR) cross-linking. We describe a culture system using CpG DNA with sequential steps for T-cell-independent activation of naive CD19+CD27- human peripheral blood B cells that induces efficient CD138+ plasma-cell differentiation. CD27+ and CD27- B cells were cultured in a 3-step system: (1) days 0 to 4: CpG, IL-2/10/15; (2) days 4 to 7: IL-2/6/10/15 and anti-CD40L; (3) days 7 to 10: IL-6/15, IFN-alpha, hepatocyte growth factor, and hyaluronic acid. Both CD27+ and CD27- B cells up-regulated intracytoplasmic TLR-9 following CpG DNA activation. CD27- B-cell activation required cell-cell contact. Both naive and memory B cells progressed to a plasma-cell phenotype: CD19lowCD20lowCD27+CD38+HLA-DRlow. Seventy percent of the CD27--derived CD138+ cells demonstrated productive V chain rearrangements without somatic mutations, confirming their origin from naive precursors. Plasma cells derived from CD27+ B cells were primarily IgG+, while those from CD27- B cells were IgM+. Our results indicate that under certain conditions, naive B cells increase TLR-9 expression and proliferate to CpG DNA stimulation without BCR signaling. In addition to its immunologic significance, this system should be a valuable method to interrogate the antigenic specificity of naive B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Huggins
- Department of Pathology, James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY 14642, USA
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Bal HP, Cheng J, Murakami A, Tallarico ASC, Wang W, Zhou D, Vasicek TJ, Marasco WA. GITR overexpression on CD4+CD25+ HTLV-1 transformed cells: detection by massively parallel signature sequencing. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 332:569-84. [PMID: 15896717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2005] [Accepted: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
HTLV-I is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), a fatal T-cell malignancy that is associated with profound immunosuppression. In this study, comprehensive gene expression profiling was performed using massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS) to investigate virus-host interactions in acutely HTLV-1 transformed cells. The analysis revealed the modulation of numerous genes across different functional classes, many of which have not been previously implicated in HTLV-1 transformation or ATL. Differences in the transcriptomes of transformed cell lines were observed that have provided clues on how different clonal populations of cells respond to virus transformation. Quantitation of HTLV-1 transcription was possible, thus making MPSS a useful tool to study emerging pathogens and unknown microbial causes of human diseases. Importantly, overexpression of GITR, an activation marker that has not been previously reported to be upregulated by HTLV-1-infection or in transformed/leukemic cells and that is associated with the suppressor phenotype of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs), was also observed. The deep and quantitative gene expression profile generated by MPSS should provide additional leads for discovery research that can be applied to better understand the pathobiology of HTLV-1 transformation and ATL as well as to developing new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshawardhan P Bal
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 44 Binney St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wehr C, Eibel H, Masilamani M, Illges H, Schlesier M, Peter HH, Warnatz K. A new CD21low B cell population in the peripheral blood of patients with SLE. Clin Immunol 2004; 113:161-71. [PMID: 15451473 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2004.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2004] [Accepted: 05/24/2004] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the production of autoantibodies. Recent reports suggest an abnormal peripheral blood B cell homeostasis in SLE patients without being conclusive. We analyzed by four color flow-cytometry peripheral blood B cell subpopulations of SLE patients, healthy donors, and patients with other systemic autoimmune diseases. IgM memory but not switched memory B cells of SLE patients were significantly decreased compared to healthy donors, whereas transitional B cells, characterized by CD19+IgMhiIgD+CD24hiCD38hi, were significantly expanded in SLE patients but also found in other autoimmune disorders. The population of plasmablasts (CD19loCD21loCD27++CD38++) was increased in active disease. Most interestingly, B cells in autoimmune disorders contain a so far uncharacterized subpopulation with an activated phenotype (CD19hiCD21loCD38loCD86int). None of the identified subpopulations was associated with current or previous therapy and therefore may represent different aspects of the disturbed B cell homeostasis in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Wehr
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University Clinic Freiburg, Germany
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Guikema JEJ, Vellenga E, Abdulahad WH, Hovenga S, Bos NA. CD27-triggering on primary plasma cell leukaemia cells has anti-apoptotic effects involving mitogen activated protein kinases. Br J Haematol 2004; 124:299-308. [PMID: 14717776 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04783.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary plasma cell leukaemia (PCL) is a rare plasma cell malignancy, which is related to multiple myeloma (MM) and is characterized by a poor prognosis. In a previous study we demonstrated that PCL plasma cells display a high expression of CD27, in contrast to MM plasma cells. The present study was set out to assess the functional properties of CD27 expressed on PCL plasma cells by triggering with its ligand CD70. Using CD27-expressing purified plasma cells from a PCL patient we demonstrated that CD27-triggering modestly inhibited spontaneous and dexamethasone-induced apoptosis. In vitro stimulation and Western blotting showed that activation of p38 and extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) was associated with CD27-mediated signal transduction. Specific inhibition of p38 and ERK1/2 MAPK abolished the anti-apoptotic effects of CD27-triggering. Interestingly, simultaneous inhibition of p38 and ERK1/2 strongly sensitized PCL cells for dexamethasone-induced apoptosis. Finally, in dexamethasone-treated PCL cells, CD27-triggering was associated with persistent DNA-binding activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1) but not of nuclear factor-kappaB. These findings suggest that, in primary PCL, specific anti-apoptotic pathways exist that might provide novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen E J Guikema
- Department of Cell Biology, Section Histology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Arce S, Luger E, Muehlinghaus G, Cassese G, Hauser A, Horst A, Lehnert K, Odendahl M, Hönemann D, Heller KD, Kleinschmidt H, Berek C, Dörner T, Krenn V, Hiepe F, Bargou R, Radbruch A, Manz RA. CD38 low IgG-secreting cells are precursors of various CD38 high-expressing plasma cell populations. J Leukoc Biol 2004; 75:1022-8. [PMID: 15020647 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0603279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the important role immunoglobulin G (IgG)-secreting plasma cells play in memory immune responses, the differentiation and homeostasis of these cells are not completely understood. Here, we studied the differentiation of human IgG-secreting cells ex vivo and in vitro, identifying these cells by the cellular affinity matrix technology. Several subpopulations of IgG-secreting cells were identified among the cells isolated from tonsils and bone marrow, particularly differing in the expression levels of CD9, CD19, and CD38. CD38 low IgG-secreting cells were present exclusively in the tonsils. A major fraction of these cells appeared to be early plasma cell precursors, as upon activation of B cells in vitro, IgG secretion preceded up-regulation of CD38, and on tonsillar sections, IgG-containing, CD38 low cells with a plasmacytoid phenotype were found in follicles, where plasma cell differentiation starts. A unitary phenotype of migratory peripheral blood IgG-secreting cells suggests that all bone marrow plasma cell populations share a common precursor cell. These data are compatible with a multistep model for plasma cell differentiation and imply that a common CD38 low IgG-secreting precursor gives rise to a diverse plasma cell compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Arce
- Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Schumannstrasse 20/21, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
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34
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Calame KL, Lin KI, Tunyaplin C. Regulatory mechanisms that determine the development and function of plasma cells. Annu Rev Immunol 2003; 21:205-30. [PMID: 12524387 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plasma cells are terminally differentiated final effectors of the humoral immune response. Plasma cells that result from antigen activation of B-1 and marginal zone B cells provide the first, rapid response to antigen. Plasma cells that develop after a germinal center reaction provide higher-affinity antibody and often survive many months in the bone marrow. Transcription factors Bcl-6 and Pax5, which are required for germinal center B cells, block plasmacytic differentiation and repress Blimp-1 and XBP-1, respectively. When Bcl-6-dependent repression of Blimp-1 is relieved, Blimp-1 ensures that plasmacytic development is irreversible by repressing BCL-6 and PAX5. In plasma cells, Blimp-1, XBP-1, IRF4, and other regulators cause cessation of cell cycle, decrease signaling from the B cell receptor and communication with T cells, inhibit isotype switching and somatic hypermutation, downregulate CXCR5, and induce copious immunoglobulin synthesis and secretion. Thus, commitment to plasmacytic differentiation involves inhibition of activities associated with earlier B cell developmental stages as well as expression of the plasma cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Calame
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.
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35
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Guikema JEJ, Hovenga S, Vellenga E, Conradie JJ, Abdulahad WH, Bekkema R, Smit JW, Zhan F, Shaughnessy J, Bos NA. CD27 is heterogeneously expressed in multiple myeloma: low CD27 expression in patients with high-risk disease. Br J Haematol 2003; 121:36-43. [PMID: 12670329 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04260.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Expression of CD27 on malignant plasma cells (PC) (CD138+CD38++) was analysed in a cross-sectional study of bone marrow (BM) samples from multiple myeloma (MM) patients (n = 28), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) patients (n = 6) and BM PC from healthy donors (n = 4). MM PC expressed CD27 with a variable, lower intensity pattern compared with the consistent high expression in MGUS and healthy donors. MM patients in complete clinical remission displayed a higher percentage of CD27+ PC compared with patients at diagnosis, relapse or in partial remission. In MM, loss of CD27 correlated with loss of CD19 (R2 = 0.4, P < 0.0001). Human MM cell lines (n = 9) did not express CD27 whereas de novo plasma cell leukaemia (PCL) (n = 3) had a high expression. Re-analysis of a cDNA microarray data set, generated from newly diagnosed MM patients (n = 74), demonstrated that the MM subgroup with the highest prevalence of poor prognostic factors had the lowest CD27 mRNA expression. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting and allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction showed that both CD27+ and CD27- PC subpopulations in MM can belong to the clonal disorder. In conclusion, CD27 is heterogeneously expressed on MM PC and loss of CD27 expression might have prognostic value in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen E J Guikema
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Immunology Section, University Hospital, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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36
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Dong HY, Shahsafaei A, Dorfman DM. CD148 and CD27 are expressed in B cell lymphomas derived from both memory and naïve B cells. Leuk Lymphoma 2002; 43:1855-8. [PMID: 12685844 DOI: 10.1080/1042819021000006385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
CD148 and CD27 are activation antigens involved in B cell and T cell activation and development. They have been recently proposed as markers of normal human memory B cells corresponding to the presence of somatically hypermutated IgV genes. We undertook an immunohistochemical study of CD148 and CD27 expression on neoplastic B cells in 116 cases of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. All cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and the vast majority of cases of marginal zone B cell lymphoma and most cases of plasmacytoma/myeloma expressed CD148 and CD27. Follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma were also immunoreactive for CD148 and CD27 with some variation and discordance in expression. Cases of precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia did not express CD148 or CD27. Our findings demonstrate that CD148 and CD27 are expressed in a wide range of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and, therefore, do not serve to distinguish between neoplastic cells of naïve and memory B cell derivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Y Dong
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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37
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Breitbart E, Wang X, Leka LS, Dallal GE, Meydani SN, Stollar BD. Altered memory B-cell homeostasis in human aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2002; 57:B304-11. [PMID: 12145356 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/57.8.b304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies of age-associated immune system changes revealed alterations in expressed immunoglobulin heavy chain variable domain repertoires, and variability in the fraction of expressed heavy chain variable domain genes with mutations. To test whether the latter finding reflected a variation in memory B-cell numbers, we measured circulating memory B cells of 11 healthy elderly subjects, 173 nursing-home residents, and 34 healthy young adults. A large fraction of old adults have low values for memory cells both as a percentage of all B cells and as an absolute memory B-cell concentration. The range of both values is much wider in old adults than in young adults, and it is much wider than the range of T-cell concentrations. Memory B-cell concentration, which was positively correlated with memory T-cell concentrations but inversely related to in vitro T-cell responses to mitogens, may reflect highly individual rates of immune senescence, and it may serve as an amplified marker of underlying T-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Breitbart
- Department of Biochemistry, Tufts University School of Medicine, and the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
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38
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Groth C, Drager R, Warnatz K, Wolff-Vorbeck G, Schmidt S, Eibel H, Schlesier M, Peter HH. Impaired up-regulation of CD70 and CD86 in naive (CD27-) B cells from patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Clin Exp Immunol 2002; 129:133-9. [PMID: 12100033 PMCID: PMC1906432 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2002.01883.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CVID is characterized by reduced serum levels of all switched immunoglobulin isotypes (IgG, IgA, IgE) predisposing patients to recurrent infections of their respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Correspondingly, most CVID patients exhibit a severely decreased proportion of class switched memory B cells (CD19+CD27+IgD-IgM-IgG+ or IgA+) in their peripheral blood (CVID type I). We previously identified a subgroup of CVID patients showing a significantly reduced expression of CD86 and CD137 following activation in vitro of PBMC or purified B cells (CD19+) with anti-IgM plus IL-2. Here we extend our previous studies by asking whether highly purified, cell-sorted naive B cells show already an expression defect of B cell surface molecules relevant in activation (CD39, CD69), differentiation (CD24, CD27, CD38) or T-B interaction (CD25, CD70, CD86). We stimulated cell-sorted, naive B cells (CD19+CD27-IgM+IgDhighIgG-IgA-) from 10 CVID patients and 10 healthy controls for 4 days with anti-IgM plus IL-2 in the absence or presence of autologous CD4+ T cells and measured the expression of the referred surface molecules. Based on reduced or normal numbers of switched memory B cells the CVID patients had previously been classified into eight type I patients and two type II patients, respectively. Interestingly, only the molecules CD25, CD70 and CD86, all relevant in cognate T-B interaction, showed a significantly lower expression in naive B cells from CVID patients compared to controls. While coculture with autologous CD4+ T cells normalized the CD25 expression, CD70 and CD86 expression remained subnormal, notably in the eight CVID patients of type I. These findings strongly suggest an intrinsic signalling or expression defect for CD70/CD86 at the level of naive B cells in type I CVID patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/pharmacology
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/physiology
- Antigens, T-Independent/immunology
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- B7-2 Antigen
- CD27 Ligand
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured/metabolism
- Common Variable Immunodeficiency/genetics
- Common Variable Immunodeficiency/immunology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin M/biosynthesis
- Immunologic Memory
- Immunophenotyping
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Lymphocyte Cooperation
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Glycoproteins/deficiency
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Proteins/deficiency
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/physiology
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/deficiency
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- C Groth
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany
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39
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Warnatz K, Denz A, Dräger R, Braun M, Groth C, Wolff-Vorbeck G, Eibel H, Schlesier M, Peter HH. Severe deficiency of switched memory B cells (CD27(+)IgM(-)IgD(-)) in subgroups of patients with common variable immunodeficiency: a new approach to classify a heterogeneous disease. Blood 2002; 99:1544-51. [PMID: 11861266 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v99.5.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypogammaglobulinemia is the hallmark of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) syndrome, a heterogeneous disorder predisposing patients to recurrent bacterial infections. In this study, we investigated the peripheral B-cell compartment of 30 well-characterized CVID patients in comparison to 22 healthy controls. Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes revealed a reduction of class-switched CD27(+)IgM(-)IgD(-) memory B cells below 0.4% in 77% of our patients (group I), while this B-cell subpopulation exceeded 0.5% in all healthy donors and in 23% of CVID patients (group II). These results correlate well with the capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulins in vitro upon stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) plus interleukin-2 because the production of immunoglobulin G in vitro is entirely dependent on the presence of switched memory B cells. The subdivision of group I into patients with an increased proportion of CD21(-) peripheral B cells (> 20%; group Ia) and patients with normal percentages of CD21(-) B cells (< 20%; group Ib) revealed a significant clustering of patients with splenomegaly and autoimmune cytopenias in group Ia. Based on these observations, we propose a fast and reliable new classification for CVID patients by flow cytometric quantification of class-switched memory and immature B cells in the peripheral blood of patients. Our results point toward defects at various stages of B-cell differentiation in CVID subgroups and support the value of a B-cell-oriented classification principle. A consensus on this new classification system will hopefully provide a tool for rapidly defining homogeneous subgroups of CVID for functional studies and genetic linkage analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Warnatz
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Freiburg, Germany
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40
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Zhang X, Li L, Jung J, Xiang S, Hollmann C, Choi YS. The distinct roles of T cell-derived cytokines and a novel follicular dendritic cell-signaling molecule 8D6 in germinal center-B cell differentiation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2001; 167:49-56. [PMID: 11418631 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Germinal center-B (GC-B) cells differentiate into memory B cells and plasma cells (PC) through interaction with T cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDC). Activated T cell and FDC play distinct roles in this process. The detailed kinetic experiments revealed that cytokines secreted by activated T cells determined the pathway of GC-B cell differentiation. IL-4 directs GC-B cells to differentiate into memory B cells, whereas IL-10 steers them into PC. FDC/HK cells do not direct either pathway, but provide signals for proliferation of GC-B cells. A novel FDC-signaling molecule 8D6 (FDC-SM-8D6) produced by FDC augments PC generation in the GC. FDC-SM-8D6-specific mAb blocked PC generation and IgG secretion but not memory B cell proliferation. COS cells expressing FDC-SM-8D6 enhanced GC-B cell proliferation and Ab secretion, which was blocked by mAb 8D6. In the cultures with B cell subsets, PC generation was inhibited by mAb 8D6 in the cultures with CD27(+) B cells but not in the culture with CD27(-) B cells, suggesting that CD27(+) PC precursor is the specific target of FDC-SM-8D6 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA
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41
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Israel BF, Pickles RJ, Segal DM, Gerard RD, Kenney SC. Enhancement of adenovirus vector entry into CD70-positive B-cell Lines by using a bispecific CD70-adenovirus fiber antibody. J Virol 2001; 75:5215-21. [PMID: 11333903 PMCID: PMC114927 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.11.5215-5221.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many recombinant adenovirus vectors (rAd) have been developed, especially by using group C adenoviruses, to transfer and express genes, such rAd do not readily infect B-cell lines due to the lack of the coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor. Bispecific antibodies have been used in different cell systems to facilitate entry of rAd into otherwise nonpermissive cells. Bispecific antibody is synthesized by covalently linking two monoclonal antibodies with distinct specificities. It has been shown that lymphoproliferative tumors commonly express the cell surface protein CD70, while this receptor is normally expressed on only a small subset of highly activated B cells and T cells. We therefore investigated whether a bispecific antibody with specificities for the adenovirus fiber protein and CD70 can facilitate rAd entry and subsequent expression of rAd-encoded genes in CD70-positive B cells. We found high CD70 expression on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), as well as some, but not all, Burkitt lymphoma (BL) lines. We show here that rAd encoding green fluorescent protein (Ad-GFP) infects EBV-transformed LCLs and a CD70-positive BL line 10- to 20-fold more efficiently in the presence of the CD70-fiber bispecific antibody. In contrast, the bispecific antibody does not enhance Ad-GFP infection in CD70-deficient BL cells. Using the CD70-fiber bispecific antibody, we increased the ability of rAd vectors encoding the EBV immediate-early proteins BZLF1 and BRLF1 to induce the lytic form of EBV infection in LCLs. These results indicate that the CD70-fiber bispecific antibody can enhance rAd infection of CD70-positive B cells and suggest the use of this vector to explore EBV-positive LCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Israel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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