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Silva Lima AR, Rodrigues GC, Rezende Rodrigues AC, Vanoni CR, Micke GA, Caramori GF, Affeldt RF, Nagurniak GR, Jost CL. First report on the electrooxidation of vinpocetine using a modification free sensing platform: application to pharmaceutical formulations. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4002-4009. [PMID: 38855859 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00598h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the first insights into vinpocetine (VIN) behavior, a nootropic compound, on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed an irreversible oxidation peak at +1.0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), with pH dependency indicating proton involvement in the electrochemical reaction. Density functional theory (DFT) optimized VIN's molecular geometry, while Fukui functions and dual descriptors elucidated its reactivity for a more straightforward exploration of the complete electrooxidation mechanism. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) demonstrated VIN sensing capabilities within a concentration range of 0.20 to 12.8 mg L-1, with a theoretical limit of detection (LOD) at 0.07 mg L-1, using optimized conditions of supporting electrolyte. The method showed selectivity in the presence of excipients and interfering species commonly found in pharmaceutical formulations. Recovery tests yielded 95.5% (n = 3), and quantification in pharmaceutical formulations showed no significant differences compared to the reference method based on HPLC DAD. This novel electroanalytical method holds promise for VIN nootropic sensing and routine pharmaceutical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Rogerio Silva Lima
- Ampere - Laboratório de Plataformas Eletroquímicas, Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Chitolina Rodrigues
- Ampere - Laboratório de Plataformas Eletroquímicas, Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Alan Carlos Rezende Rodrigues
- LABECC - Laboratório de Eletroforese Capilar e Cromatografia, Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Caio Raphael Vanoni
- Ampere - Laboratório de Plataformas Eletroquímicas, Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Amadeu Micke
- LABECC - Laboratório de Eletroforese Capilar e Cromatografia, Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Finoto Caramori
- Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ferreira Affeldt
- Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Glaucio Régis Nagurniak
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Educação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, 89036-002, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luisa Jost
- Ampere - Laboratório de Plataformas Eletroquímicas, Departamento de Química - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Paramanick D, Singh VD, Singh VK. Neuroprotective effect of phytoconstituents via nanotechnology for treatment of Alzheimer diseases. J Control Release 2022; 351:638-655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Khalil NY, Bakheit AH, Alkahtani HM, Al-Muhanna T. Vinpocetine (A comprehensive profile). PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2022; 47:1-54. [PMID: 35396012 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Vinpocetine (VIN) is a herbal supplement extracted from the periwinkle plant. It is a multi-action agent, which is used to treat various neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Vinpocetine has also anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant property and treats various thinking and memory problems. Currently, vinpocetine is also available in the market as a dietary supplement to enhance cognition and memory. This profile explains the physicochemical properties, methods of preparation, content of related impurities and different spectroscopical behavior of vinpocetine. It also discusses the reported methods of analysis of the drug, which include Compendial Methods, Electrochemical Methods, Spectrophotometric Methods and Chromatographic Methods of analysis. Furthermore, this profile explains the stability of the drug subjected to stress conditions of acid, alkaline and photolytic degradation. In addition, the clinical applications of the drug, its uses, side effects, dosing information, pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasr Y Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed H Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Hamad M Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Al-Muhanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Siafaka PI, Bülbül EÖ, Mutlu G, Okur ME, Karantas ID, Okur NÜ. Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems and their Potential in Alzheimer’s Disease Management. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 19:360-373. [DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200618150046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neuropathological disease with symptoms such as language problems,
confusion as to place or time, loss of interest in activities, which were previously enjoyed, behavioral
changes, and memory loss. Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia affect almost
46.8 million people globally and are estimated to strike about 131.5 million people in 2050. It has been
reported that Alzheimer's is the sixth main cause of mortality. The most used drugs, which are currently
approved by the Food, and Drug Administration for Alzheimer’s disease are donepezil, rivastigmine,
galantamine, memantine, and the combination of donepezil and memantine. However, most of
the drugs present various adverse effects. Recently, the transdermal drug delivery route has gained increasing
attention as an emerging tool for Alzheimer's disease management. Besides, transdermal drug
delivery systems seem to provide hope for the management of various diseases, due to the advantages
that they offer in comparison with oral dosage forms. Herein, the current advancements in transdermal
studies with potent features to achieve better Alzheimer's disease management are presented. Many
researchers have shown that the transdermal systems provide higher efficiency since the first-pass hepatic
metabolism effect can be avoided and a prolonged drug release rate can be achieved. In summary,
the transdermal administration of Alzheimer's drugs is an interesting and promising topic, which
should be further elaborated and studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panoraia I. Siafaka
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ece Ö. Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökce Mutlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet E. Okur
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ioannis D. Karantas
- Hippokration General Hospital, 2nd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Neslihan Ü. Okur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ahmed OAA, Badr-Eldin SM. Biodegradable self-assembled nanoparticles of PEG-PLGA amphiphilic diblock copolymer as a promising stealth system for augmented vinpocetine brain delivery. Int J Pharm 2020; 588:119778. [PMID: 32805381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Vinpocetine (VNP), a semisynthetic drug, is utilized for the treatment of cerebrovascular and memory disorders. This work aimed at formulation of biodegradable VNP long-circulating nanoparticles utilizing Polyethylene glycol methyl ether-block-poly lactide-co-glycolide (PEG-PLGA) copolymer to surmount the drug drawbacks including low oral bioavailability and short elimination half-life. VNP nanoparticles were formulated using nanoprecipitation technique. A 24 factorial design was applied to assess the impact of formulation and process variables on the nanoparticles' characteristics. Statistical analysis revealed that nanoparticles size (Y1) significantly increased with increasing PEG-PLGA amount (X1), poly-vinyl alcohol concentration (X2), and PLGA content (X4), while decreased with increasing sonication time (X3). Furthermore, the entrapment efficiency (Y2) was positively affected by both PEG-PLGA amount and PLGA content, while negatively affected by poly-vinyl alcohol concentration. The optimized formulation prepared using 200 mg of PEG-PLGA polymer (PEG: PLGA 2000: 4,500), 0.5% polyvinyl alcohol with sonication time of 60 s achieved spherical shape with particle size of 43 nm and drug entrapment of 82%. A significant bioavailability enhancement of VNP with marked prolongation of the in vivo systemic exposure of the drug and increased brain levels has also been achieved following intraperitoneal administration in Wistar rats. Thus, the optimized formulation could be regarded as a promising stealth nanocarrier that could surmount the drug pitfalls and enhance its brain delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa M Badr-Eldin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Nasr M, Wahdan SA. Neuroprotective effects of novel nanosystems simultaneously loaded with vinpocetine and piracetam after intranasal administration. Life Sci 2019; 226:117-129. [PMID: 30981765 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The study aim was to test the efficacy of a novel created hybrid nanosystem compared to other nanosystems in treatment of scopolamine induced memory impairment. MAIN METHODS The fabrication and characterization of nanoformulations (microemulsion, liposomes, ethosomes, transfersomes and transethosomes) coencapsulating two cognitive enhancers; piracetam and vinpocetine delivered intranasally, in addition to a novel nanocomposite microemulsion/vesicular nanoformulation was described. KEY FINDINGS Formulations delivered the drugs across sheep nasal mucosa, with cumulative percentage reaching 29.99% for vinpocetine and 57.78% for piracetam. While the solution form of the drugs was totally ineffective, the selected transethosomal, microemulsion and nanocomposite formulations reversed the scopolamine induced effect on the step through latency of passive avoidance test and the spontaneous alternation behavior in Y maze test, further confirmed by histopathlogical examination. All three nanoformulations significantly decreased the acetylcholinesterase activity and the extent of lipid peroxidation by 32-42%. The nanocomposite formulation was superior to the microemulsion and transethosomal formulations in its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects, delineated by higher extent of inhibition of COX-2 and caspase 3 expression respectively. SIGNIFICANCE Results support the hypothesis that the novel microemulsion/vesicular nanocomposite system is a promising neuroprotective modality for intranasal brain targeting which is worthy of exploitation in other brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sara A Wahdan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Nguyen TT, Giau VV, Vo TK. Current advances in transdermal delivery of drugs for Alzheimer's disease. Indian J Pharmacol 2018; 49:145-154. [PMID: 28706327 PMCID: PMC5497436 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.208143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common, progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder, which will play an increasingly important role both socially and financially in the aging populations. Treatments for AD show modest improvements in cognition and global functioning among patients. Furthermore, the oral administration of treating AD has had some drawbacks that decrease the medication adherence and efficacy of the therapy. Transdermal drugs are proposed as an alternative remedy to overcome the disadvantages of current pharmaceutical dosage options for this chronic disorder. They could have different strengths, such as offering a stable diffusion of active substance, avoiding the first pass metabolism, and reducing system adverse reactions. This article reviews the technical principles, novel techniques of transdermal delivery drug, and prospects for future development for the management of cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Korea.,Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Vo Van Giau
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuong Kha Vo
- Vietnam Sports Hospital, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Nam Tu Liem District, Hanoi City, Vietnam
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Habib BA, AbouGhaly MHH. Combined mixture-process variable approach: a suitable statistical tool for nanovesicular systems optimization. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:777-88. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2016.1166202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Basant A. Habib
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. H. AbouGhaly
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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