1
|
Veronica N, Heng PWS, Liew CV. Alginate-based matrix tablets for drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:115-130. [PMID: 36503355 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2158183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a nature-derived polymer with swelling and gelling properties, alginate has found wide biopharma-relevant applications. However, there is comparatively limited attention on alginate in tablet formulations. Therefore, this review aimed to provide an overview of the applications of alginate in solid dosage form formulations. AREAS COVERED This review outlines the role of alginate for oral sustained release formulations. For better insights into its application in drug delivery, the mechanisms of drug release from alginate matrices are discussed alongside the alginate inherent properties and drug properties. Specifically, the influence of alginate properties and formulation components on the resultant alginate gel and subsequent drug release is reviewed. Modifications of the alginate to improve its properties in modulating drug release are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Alginate-based matrix tablets is useful for sustaining drug release. As a nature-derived polymer, batch consistency and stability raise some concerns about employing alginate in formulations. Furthermore, the alginate gel properties can be affected by formulation components, pH of the dissolution environment and the tablet matrix micro-environment pH. Conscientious efforts are pivotal to addressing these formulation challenges to increase the utilization of alginate in oral solid dosage forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Veronica
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Celine Valeria Liew
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Michna A, Płaziński W, Lupa D, Wasilewska M, Adamczyk Z. Carrageenan molecule conformations and electrokinetic properties in electrolyte solutions: Modeling and experimental measurements. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
3
|
Michna A, Maciejewska-Prończuk J, Pomorska A, Wasilewska M, Kilicer T, Witt J, Ozcan O. Effect of the Anchoring Layer and Transport Type on the Adsorption Kinetics of Lambda Carrageenan. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:7797-7808. [PMID: 34253019 PMCID: PMC8389906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The kinetics of lambda
carrageenan (λ-car) adsorption/desorption
on/from anchoring layers under diffusion- and convection-controlled
transport conditions were investigated. The eighth generation of poly(amidoamine)
dendrimers and branched polyethyleneimine possessing different shapes
and polydispersity indexes were used for anchoring layer formation.
Dynamic light scattering, electrophoresis, streaming potential measurements,
optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy, and quartz crystal microbalance
were applied to characterize the formation of mono- and bilayers.
The unique combination of the employed techniques enabled detailed
insights into the mechanism of the λ-car adsorption mainly controlled
by electrostatic interactions. The results show that the macroion
adsorption efficiency is strictly correlated with the value of the
final zeta potentials of the anchoring layers, the transport type,
and the initial bulk concentration of the macroions. The type of the
macroion forming the anchoring layer had a minor impact on the kinetics
of λ-car adsorption. Besides significance to basic science,
the results presented in this paper can be used for the development
of biocompatible and stable macroion multilayers of well-defined electrokinetic
properties and structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Michna
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Julia Maciejewska-Prończuk
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Pomorska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Wasilewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tayfun Kilicer
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Witt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ozlem Ozcan
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung, Unter den Eichen 87, 12163 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Layek B, Mandal S. Natural polysaccharides for controlled delivery of oral therapeutics: a recent update. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115617. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
5
|
Rahmati M, Alipanahi Z, Mozafari M. Emerging Biomedical Applications of Algal Polysaccharides. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1335-1344. [PMID: 31020932 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190423160357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past two decades, there have been substantial progress and a growing body of research on using natural polymeric biomaterials in emerging biomedical applications. Among different natural biopolymers, polysaccharides have gained considerable attraction among biomedical scientists and surgeons due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. In recent years, algalbased polysaccharides including agar, alginate, and carrageenan, have been broadly suggested for different biomedical applications. METHODS The aim of this paper is discussing various possible applications of algal-based polysaccharides in biomedical engineering particularly in controlled drug delivery systems. The main properties of each algal polysaccharide will be discussed, and particular drug delivery applications will be presented. RESULTS Algal polysaccharides can be detected in a group of photosynthetic unite as their key biomass constituents. They provide a range of variety in their size, shape, liquefaction, chemical stability, and crosslinking ability. In addition, algal polysaccharides have shown exceptional gelling properties including stimuli-responsive behavior, softness, and swelling properties. CONCLUSION All the mentioned properties of alga polysaccharides lead to their successful usage in biomedical applications specially targeted and controlled drug delivery systems such as particles, capsules, and gels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Zahra Alipanahi
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ammonio methacrylate copolymer as a carrier for water-insoluble drug, preparation and characterization of an oral controlled-release matrix tablet. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
7
|
Kalsoom Khan A, Saba AU, Nawazish S, Akhtar F, Rashid R, Mir S, Nasir B, Iqbal F, Afzal S, Pervaiz F, Murtaza G. Carrageenan Based Bionanocomposites as Drug Delivery Tool with Special Emphasis on the Influence of Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8158315. [PMID: 28303171 PMCID: PMC5337884 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8158315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, considerable attention has been focused on carrageenan based bionanocomposites due to their multifaceted properties like biodegradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxicity. Moreover, these composites can be tailored according to the desired purpose by using different nanofillers. The role of ferromagnetic nanoparticles in drug delivery is also discussed here in detail. Moreover, this article also presents a short review of recent research on the different types of the carrageenan based bionanocomposites and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abida Kalsoom Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Ain Us Saba
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Shamyla Nawazish
- Department of Environment Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Akhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sadullah Mir
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Nasir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Furqan Iqbal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Samina Afzal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Pervaiz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicines, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pairatwachapun S, Paradee N, Sirivat A. Controlled release of acetylsalicylic acid from polythiophene/carrageenan hydrogel via electrical stimulation. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 137:214-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
9
|
Review for carrageenan-based pharmaceutical biomaterials: favourable physical features versus adverse biological effects. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 121:27-36. [PMID: 25659668 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carrageenan (CRG) is a family of natural polysaccharides derived from seaweeds and has widely been used as food additives. In the past decade, owing to its attractive physicochemical properties, CRG has been developed into versatile biomaterials vehicles for drug delivery. Nevertheless, studies also emerged to reveal its adverse effects on the biological system. In this review, we critically appraise the latest literature (two thirds since 2008) on the development of CRG-based pharmaceutical vehicles and the perspective of using CRG for broader biomedical applications. We focus on how current strategies exploit the unique gelling mechanisms, strong water absorption and abundant functional groups of the three major CRG varieties. Notably, CRG-based matrices are demonstrated to increase drug loading and drug solubility, enabling release of orally administrated drugs in zero-order or in a significantly prolonged period. Other amazing features, such as pH-sensitivity and adhesive property, of CRG-based formulations are also introduced. Finally, we discuss the adverse influence of CRG on the human body and then suggest some future directions for the development of CRG-based biomaterials for broader applications in biomedicine.
Collapse
|
10
|
Buchholcz G, Kelemen A, Sovány T, Pintye-Hódi K. Matrix tablets based on a carrageenan with the modified-release of sodium riboflavin 5'-phosphate. Pharm Dev Technol 2014; 20:676-83. [PMID: 24758384 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2014.910810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The focus of this work was to produce modified-release monolithic matrix tablets containing sodium riboflavin 5'-phosphate (vitamin B2) as active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Riboflavin 5'-phosphate is absorbed from the upper gastrointestinal tract by a specific transport mechanism. The aim of this work was the development of modified-release tablets from which most or the entire API can dissolve within 5 h. The dissolution was started in medium pH 1.2 (gastric juice) and finished in medium pH 4.5. The matrix former was iota-carrageenan combined with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and lactose in different ratios. Factorial design was used in this work so as to study the effects of the MCC/lactose ratio on the parameters of the tablets, and especially on the dissolution process. The dissolution data were subjected to statistical analysis, and the release profiles were fitted with different models. It was found that the MCC/lactose ratio influenced the quality of the tablets to a high degree. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model proved to characterize the total dissolution profile best, but fitting of the separate sections was also possible with a linear model.
Collapse
|
11
|
Karavas E, Koutris E, Papadopoulos AG, Sigalas MP, Nanaki S, Papageorgiou GZ, Achilias DZ, Bikiaris DN. Application of density functional theory in combination with FTIR and DSC to characterise polymer drug interactions for the preparation of sustained release formulations between fluvastatin and carrageenans. Int J Pharm 2014; 466:211-22. [PMID: 24613179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, ι- and λ-carrageenans were used as appropriate carriers for sustained release formulations of fluvastatin drug. From viscosity measurements, it was found that both carrageenans can give miscible blends with fluvastatin due to the interactions between the sulfate groups of carrageenans and hydroxyl groups of fluvastatin. This was predicted by computational analysis using density functional theory and proved by FTIR spectroscopy. These interactions, which are in higher intensity using ι-carrageenan, lead to the formation of complexes between polymeric matrices and fluvastatin drug. DSC experiments also confirmed that miscible blends between carrageenans and fluvastatin can be formed since in all concentrations only one glass transition temperature was recorded. Fluvastatin release depends on the drug content and in all formulations of λ-carrageenans containing 10, 25 and 50 wt% drug, almost sustained release profiles were observed. Fluvastatin/carrageenan complexes have lower dissolution profiles compared with physical mixtures. Polymer swelling seems to be the dominant drug release mechanism. Besides to neat ι- and λ-carrageenans, their blends can be also used as effective matrices for sustained release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Karavas
- Pharmathen S.A., Pharmaceutical Industry, Dervenakion Str 6, Pallini Attikis, Pallini Attiki 153 51, Greece
| | - Efthymios Koutris
- Pharmathen S.A., Pharmaceutical Industry, Dervenakion Str 6, Pallini Attikis, Pallini Attiki 153 51, Greece
| | - Anastasios G Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Applied Quantum Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael P Sigalas
- Laboratory of Applied Quantum Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavroula Nanaki
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - George Z Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - Dimitris Z Achilias
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece
| | - Dimitrios N Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Chemistry Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 541 24, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li L, Ni R, Shao Y, Mao S. Carrageenan and its applications in drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 103:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
13
|
Simvastatin loaded composite polyspheres of gellan gum and carrageenan: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 57:238-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
14
|
Kulkarni RV, Boppana R, Krishna Mohan G, Mutalik S, Kalyane NV. pH-responsive interpenetrating network hydrogel beads of poly(acrylamide)-g-carrageenan and sodium alginate for intestinal targeted drug delivery: synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 367:509-17. [PMID: 22047923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we synthesized pH-responsive interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel beads of polyacrylamide grafted κ-carrageenan (PAAm-g-CG) and sodium alginate (SA) for targeting ketoprofen to the intestine. The PAAm-g-CG was synthesized by free radical polymerization followed by alkaline hydrolysis under nitrogen gas. The PAAm-g-CG was characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The drug-loaded IPN hydrogel beads were prepared by simple ionotropic gelation/covalent crosslinking method. The amorphous nature of drug in the beads was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction studies. The spherical shape of the beads was confirmed by scanning electron microscopic analysis. The beads exhibited ample pH-responsive behavior in the pulsatile swelling study. The ketoprofen release was significantly increased when pH of the medium was changed from acidic to alkaline. The beads showed maximum of 10% drug release in acidic medium of pH 1.2, and about 90% drug release was recorded in alkaline medium of pH 7.4. Stomach histopathology of albino rats indicated that the prepared beads were able to retard the drug release in stomach leading to the reduced ulceration, hemorrhage and erosion of gastric mucosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra V Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, BLDEA's College of Pharmacy, BLDE University Campus, Bijapur 586 103, Karnataka, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thakare M, Israel B, Garner ST, Ahmed H, Garner P, Elder D, Price JC, Capomacchia AC. Formulation parameters and release mechanism of theophylline loaded ethyl cellulose microspheres: effect of different dual surfactant ratios. Pharm Dev Technol 2011; 18:1213-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2011.620969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
16
|
Ku MS, Lu Q, Li W, Chen Y. Performance qualification of a new hypromellose capsule: Part II. Disintegration and dissolution comparison between two types of hypromellose capsules. Int J Pharm 2011; 416:16-24. [PMID: 21356291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This Part II paper describes the disintegration and dissolution aspects of the qualification of a new hypromellose capsule (HPMC Shell 2). This new capsule does not contain any gelling agent, and is manufactured by a thermal gelation process. Rupture time of the carrageenan-containing capsule (HPMC Shell 1) and HPMC Shell 2, as measured by an improved real-time detection method, showed only slight differences that did not manifest in vivo. The absence of a gelling agent appeared to give HPMC Shell 2 advantages in dissolution in acidic media and in buffers containing potassium ions. Slow drug release of HPMC Shell 1 in 0.1M HCl was attributed to the interaction of carrageenan with drug compounds; whereas the presence of potassium ions, a gelling promoter for carrageenan, caused delay in capsule opening and larger capsule-to-capsule variation. Disintegration and dissolution performances of both hypromellose capsules are comparable in other dissolution media tested. Based on the superior dissolution performances and quality attributes in terms of physical, mechanical and processability that were detailed in Paper I, the new hypromellose capsule was satisfactorily qualified and has since been used in nearly 20 investigational new drug (IND) compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sherry Ku
- Pharmaceutical Development, Wyeth Research, Pearl River, NY 10965, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pavli M, Vrečer F, Baumgartner S. Matrix tablets based on carrageenans with dual controlled release of doxazosin mesylate. Int J Pharm 2010; 400:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
18
|
Nazzal S, Khan MA. Controlled release of a self-emulsifying formulation from a tablet dosage form: Stability assessment and optimization of some processing parameters. Int J Pharm 2006; 315:110-21. [PMID: 16563673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2005] [Revised: 02/12/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of some processing parameters on the release of lipid formulation from a tablet dosage form. A 17-run, face-centered cubic design was employed to evaluate the effect of colloidal silicates (X(1)), magnesium stearate mixing time (X(2)), and compression force (X(3)) on flow, hardness, and dissolution of Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) lipid formulation from a tablet dosage form. The optimized formulation was subsequently subjected to a short-term accelerated stability study. All preparations had a flowability index values ranging from 77 to 90. The cumulative percent of CoQ(10) released within 8h (Y(5)) ranged from 40.6% to 90% and was expressed by the following polynomial equation: Y(5)=49.78-16.36X(1)+2.90X(2)-3.11X(3)-0.37X(1)X(2)+1.06X(1)X(3)-1.02X(2)X(3)+11.98X(1)(2)+10.63X(2)(2)-7.10X(3)(2). When stored at 4 degrees C, dissolution rates were retained for up to 3 months. Storage at higher temperatures, however, accelerated lipid release and caused leakage, and loss of hardness. Processing parameters have a profound effect on the release of lipid formulations from their solid carriers. While optimized controlled release formulations could be attained, further considerations should be made to prepare "liquisolids" that are physically stable at higher storage temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Nazzal
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Thommes M, Kleinebudde P. Use of κ-carrageenan as alternative pelletisation aid to microcrystalline cellulose in extrusion/spheronisation. I. Influence of type and fraction of filler. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2006; 63:59-67. [PMID: 16326085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2005.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2005] [Revised: 10/06/2005] [Accepted: 10/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is commonly used as an excipient in extrusion/spheronisation process. However, MCC has several disadvantages as lack of disintegration and drug adsorption. Therefore, kappa-carrageenan was investigated to substitute MCC in pelletising processes. Formulations with 20% of pelletisation aid (kappa-carrageenan or MCC) and acetaminophen as a model drug have been produced. Different fillers (lactose, mannitol, maize starch and dicalciumphosphate dihydrate) at fractions of 0, 20, 40 and 80% were evaluated and the properties of the resulted pellets were determined (e.g. yield, aspect ratio, mean Feret diameter, 10% interval fraction, tensile strength and release profile). kappa-Carrageenan has proven to be a suitable substitute as pellets with sufficient quality were produced. The pellet batches of different formulations were characterised by high yield, spherical pellet shape and narrow pellet size distribution. The distinguished behaviour between kappa-carrageenan and MCC pellets was the lower tensile strength and the faster release of kappa-carrageenan pellets. For the various types and fractions of fillers only minor effects to the pelletisation process and pellet properties were noticed. From the practical view these effects are neglectable indicating a robust formulation and process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Thommes
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nerurkar J, Jun HW, Price JC, Park MO. Controlled-release matrix tablets of ibuprofen using cellulose ethers and carrageenans: effect of formulation factors on dissolution rates. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2005; 61:56-68. [PMID: 15893919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2005.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2004] [Revised: 11/09/2004] [Accepted: 03/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of carrageenans, and cellulose ethers on the drug release rates of ibuprofen controlled-release tablet matrices prepared by direct compression. Polymer blends containing carrageenans or cellulose ethers were used for the formulation and the effect of varying the polymer concentration on the release of the drug was studied. Other factors such as changes in surface topography of the matrices due to hydration were observed using a cryogenic scanning electron microscopy technique. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict the time for 50% release (t50) as a function of the concentration of the polymers used. Most of the formulations showed linear release profiles (r(2)>or=0.96-0.99) and sustained the release of ibuprofen over 12-16 h. The highest t50 (9.3 h) was for the formulation that contained a blend of 1:2 ratio of Viscarin and HPMC, while the lowest (3 h) was for the matrices that contained a 2:1 ratio of methylcellulose and Gelcarin. The majority of the matrix tablets that contained 10% polymer disintegrated prematurely. Of all the polymer blends that were investigated, the combination of Viscarin and HPMC gave almost linear release profiles over the entire range of concentration that was studied. The least effective combination was methylcellulose in combination with HPMC. Most of the formulations released ibuprofen by an anomalous (non-Fickian) transport mechanism, except those matrices that contained methylcellulose and Gelcarin (in a 1:1 and 1:2 ratio), which showed zero-order release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanti Nerurkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bonferoni MC, Rossi S, Ferrari F, Caramella C. Development of Oral Controlled Release Tablet Formulations Based on Diltiazem–Carrageenan Complex. Pharm Dev Technol 2004; 9:155-62. [PMID: 15202574 DOI: 10.1081/pdt-120027428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Diltiazem HCl and lambda carrageenan react in distilled water to give a slightly soluble interaction product. The aim of this work was to verify the possible employment of lambda carrageenan-diltiazem (DTZ) complex in controlled-release formulations. The influence of complex particle size, compression force, pH of the dissolution medium, and tablet dimensions on drug release has been evaluated. The results confirm the suitability of the DTZ-carrageenan interaction product for controlled-release formulations. Good compaction properties allow tablets to slowly erode, with only the addition of the amount of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) necessary as a binding agent. The use of the finest sieve fraction results in the highest crushing strength values and in the slowest release rate, both in pH 1.2 and in pH 6.8. The force of compression does not affect the drug release for values over 16 kN. The release rate increases when the geometry of the tablet is varied so the surface/ volume ratio of the tablet is increased, suggesting a release mechanism involving surface dissolution/erosion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Bonferoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Naim S, Samuel B, Chauhan B, Paradkar A. Effect of potassium chloride and cationic drug on swelling, erosion and release from kappa-carrageenan matrices. AAPS PharmSciTech 2004; 5:e25. [PMID: 15760083 PMCID: PMC2750460 DOI: 10.1208/pt050225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic objective of this work was to study the effect of model cationic drug metformin HCl on swelling and erosion and, in turn, the release of KCl and drug itself, from the kappa-carrageenan matrices. Water uptake by the matrix up to 2 hours was found to increase with KCl concentration from the plain matrix. Erosion was not affected by concentration of KCl. Incorporation of drug favors water uptake, but in presence of KCl it was found to be reduced. Drug-containing matrices have shown higher release of KCl as compared with plain batches. Drug release was retarded as KCl concentration increased up to 5%, above which the reduced cohesivity of the matrix caused increase in drug release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Naim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Betty Samuel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Bhaskar Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Anant Paradkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, 411038 Pune, Maharashtra India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ebube NK, Jones AB. Sustained release of acetaminophen from a heterogeneous mixture of two hydrophilic non-ionic cellulose ether polymers. Int J Pharm 2004; 272:19-27. [PMID: 15019065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2003] [Revised: 11/24/2003] [Accepted: 11/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the release of acetaminophen (APAP) from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) matrices. The effect of pseudoephedrine (PE) as a co-active, HPMC:HPC ratio, polymer loading, pH of the dissolution media, and compression force on APAP release were studied. Granules formulated with APAP or both APAP and PE, and various blends of HPMC and HPC were compressed into tablets at different compression forces. APAP release from the matrix tablets was not considerably influenced by changes in HPMC:HPC ratio or compression force. The rate of drug release was significantly affected by pH of the dissolution media, total polymer loading, and the presence of PE. Drug release from the formulations containing both APAP and PE was slower than those containing only APAP. Drug release from tablets formulated with APAP only showed an initial burst at pH 1.16 or 7.45. Formulations containing both APAP and PE showed slower drug release at pH 1.16 than at pH 7.4. The drug release data showed a good fit to the Power Law Model. The mechanism of drug release is consistent with a complex behavior. The results of the tablet erosion studies indicated that the amount of APAP released was linearly related to the percentage of tablet weight loss. The kinetics of tablet water uptake was consistent with a diffusion and stress relaxation mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nkere K Ebube
- Wyeth Consumer Healthcare, 1211 Sherwood Avenue, Richmond, VA 23261, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rosario NL, Ghaly ES. Matrices of water-soluble drug using natural polymer and direct compression method. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2002; 28:975-88. [PMID: 12378966 DOI: 10.1081/ddc-120006429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to find an optimum Carrageenan matrix formulation with the desired drug release and physical properties prepared by direct compression. In order to achieve this, matrices containing 10% theophylline, different Carrageenan level, and different excipient were prepared and evaluated. A selected matrix containing 40% Carrageenan and lactose fast flo was tested for dissolution in three different dissolution media (distilled water, 0.1 N HCl, and phosphate buffer pH 7.4). The same formulation was also tested for dissolution at 50 rpm, 100 rpm, and 150 rpm, and using different dissolution apparatus (Apparatus 1 and 2). All matrices showed a decrease in drug release as the polymer level was increased. Only Avicel PH-101 did not show any significant difference between matrices prepared with 30% and 40% polymer. At 10% polymer level, it appears that the type of diluent used controls the drug release. However, at high polymer level, 30% and 40%, it appears that the polymer level controls the drug release. Phosphate buffer pH 7.4 and 0.1 N HCl increase drug release and appear to increase Carrageenan solubility and decrease gel formation. Also, as the rotational speed of the apparatus was increased, the integrity of the gel layer was decreased, and the release of drug was increased. The drug release from Carrageenan matrices appears to follow the diffusion model for inert matrix up to 90 min. After 90 min, the drug release follows a zero-order model. This study demonstrated that matrices using Carrageenan can be successfully prepared by direct compression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nery L Rosario
- School of Pharmacy, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 365067, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-5067
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Picker KM. The use of carrageenan in mixture with microcrystalline cellulose and its functionality for making tablets. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 1999; 48:27-36. [PMID: 10477325 DOI: 10.1016/s0939-6411(99)00009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of tableting and release behavior of combinations of kappa-carrageenan Gelcarin((R)) GP 911 NF and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) Avicel((R)) PH 101 has been evaluated. Graded binary mixtures were tableted to a maximum relative density of 0.850 at the maximum displacement of the upper punch. Additionally, ternary mixtures with the same ratios of kappa-carrageenan and MCC and a constant percentage of theophylline monohydrate (20% (v/v)) were tested for their release behavior. Tablets produced from pure kappa-carrageenan deformed more elastically than pure MCC, the tablets produced were stable but not at the same degree as those made from MCC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures showed that for MCC a smooth surface of the tablets resulted, tablets made from kappa-carrageenan showed less 'fusion' and thus more mechanical interlocking is responsible for their stability. Binary mixtures showed a continuous change in compaction properties from plastic to elastic deformation. All ternary mixtures with theophylline deformed more plastically than the binary mixtures, the change in deformation properties remained the same. Theophylline reduced the crushing strength due to its different fracture properties. The ternary mixtures showed different release mechanisms: Fast release up to 20% (v/v) kappa-carrageenan, slower release starting from 30% (v/v). The kinetics of release tended at 70% (v/v) more clearly towards zero-order kinetics. This change in release is in accordance with a change in swelling of tablets made of the binary mixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Picker
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Halle/Saale, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|