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Rubab F, Ijaz H, Hussain S, Munir A, Stuppner S, Jakschitz T, Bonn GK, Ishtiaq S. Gastroprotective effects of Caragana ambigua stocks on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats supported by LC-MS/MS characterization of formononetin and biochanin A. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:7030-7038. [PMID: 35689485 PMCID: PMC9795896 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caragana ambigua has been the part of the dietary routines of the regional people in south-west Pakistan and has traditionally been used for the treatment of diabetes there. There is an increased production of reactive oxygen species in diabetics, leading to gastrointestinal disorders. Natural antioxidants exhibit gastroprotective effects owing to their free-radical scavenging action. C. ambigua possesses appreciable phenolic and flavonoid content; thus, it has the potential to protect against gastrointestinal disorders (e.g. gastric ulcer). RESULTS This study reports the anti-ulcer potential of C. ambigua. Four different fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and aqueous) of plant were compared against omeprazole. Ulcer index, ulcer inhibition percentage, gastric pH and volume, total acidity, gastric protein, gastric wall mucus, and histopathology of gastric walls of rats were assessed. All fractions exhibited a reduction in ulcer index and promotion of percentage of ulcer inhibition compared with the ulcer control group. Furthermore, the fractions revealed a significant (P < 0.001) diminution in gastric volume and total acidity with an increase in pH. Among the fractions investigated, the chloroform fraction unveiled the most promising anti-ulcer activity, which is comparable to omeprazole. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry screening of fractions revealed the presence of formononetin and biochanin A (isoflavones reported to have anti-ulcer properties) in the chloroform fraction. CONCLUSION This study establishes that C. ambigua possesses significant potential in reducing gastric ulcer progression. Formononetin and biochanin A are chiefly responsible for the stated bioactivity due to the fact that these compounds were solely present in the chloroform fraction. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faryal Rubab
- Punjab University College of PharmacyUniversity of the PunjabLahorePakistan
| | - Hira Ijaz
- Punjab University College of PharmacyUniversity of the PunjabLahorePakistan
| | - Shah Hussain
- ADSI–Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbHInnsbruckAustria
- Department of ChemistryGC UniversityLahorePakistan
| | - Ans Munir
- Punjab University College of PharmacyUniversity of the PunjabLahorePakistan
| | - Stefan Stuppner
- ADSI–Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbHInnsbruckAustria
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, CCB‐Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineLeopold‐Franzens UniversityInnsbruckAustria
| | | | - Günther K Bonn
- ADSI–Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbHInnsbruckAustria
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, CCB‐Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineLeopold‐Franzens UniversityInnsbruckAustria
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- Punjab University College of PharmacyUniversity of the PunjabLahorePakistan
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Noubissi PA, Njilifac Q, Fokam Tagne MA, Dongmo Nguepi MS, Foyet Fondjo A, Kouémou Emégam N, Ngakou Mukam J, Zintchem R, Wambe H, Fankem GO, Fotio Tonfack A, Toukala JP, Taiwe Sotoing G, Kamgamg R. Anxiolytic and anti-colitis effects of Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colon inflammation in rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113652. [PMID: 36067569 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera decoction is believed to alleviate gastrointestinal tract diseases. This study investigated antioxidant and anxiolytic activities of its leaves aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Rats (36) were randomly divided into six groups and received (20 days) distilled water, 10 mL/kg; Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or Loperamide (5 mg/kg). On days 1, 8, 17, and 20, behavioral parameters were evaluated. Colitis was induced (day 15, except in normal group) through acetic acid (4%, 1 mL) intra-rectal administration. After sacrifice (day 21), lesion number, weight/length ratio of the colon were recorded. Oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. On day 20, Moringa oleifera (100 mg/kg) reduced the number of head dipping and the duration in opened arms, respectively 2.00 ± 0.37 and 5.00 ± 0.37 s against 14.50 ± 0.72 and 2.17 ± 0.48 s in the control. It decreased colon weight/length ratio: 112.29 ± 9.46 against 185.93 ± 5.28 mg/cm in the control; malondialdehyde level (P < 0.01) and nitric oxide concentration (P < 0.001), in the brain: respectively 25.60 ± 0.60 and 36.34 ± 1.19 against 34.00 ± 0.33 and 46.17 ± 3.25 µmol/mg of tissue in the control. In the serum, the extract (50 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the catalase activity (0.10 ± 0.00 against 0.03 ± 0.00 µmol/mg of protein in the negative control group). At 100 mg/kg, it increased (P < 0.001) reduced glutathione concentration to 5.07 ± 0.31 against 3.26 ± 0.08 µmol/mg of protein in the negative control group. The improvement on colitis pathophysiology, the antioxidant and the anxiolytic effects noted therefore suggest that Moringa oleifera can be a potential source of drugs alleviating anxiety and oxidative stress associated to ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Aimé Noubissi
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Queendoline Njilifac
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Michel Archange Fokam Tagne
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
| | | | - Angèle Foyet Fondjo
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
| | - Nadège Kouémou Emégam
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Joseph Ngakou Mukam
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Roger Zintchem
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Henri Wambe
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Gaétan Olivier Fankem
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Agathe Fotio Tonfack
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Jean Paul Toukala
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Germain Taiwe Sotoing
- Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - René Kamgamg
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Laboratory of Human Metabolism and Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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Fatima SF, Ishtiaq S, Lashkar MO, Youssef FS, Ashour ML, Elhady SS. Metabolic Profiling of Heliotropium crispum Aerial Parts Using HPLC and FTIR and In Vivo Evaluation of Its Anti-Ulcer Activity Using an Ethanol Induced Acute Gastric Ulcer Model. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080750. [PMID: 36005621 PMCID: PMC9416604 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the antiulcer potential of methanol extract and fractions of Heliotropium crispum roots against the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Metabolic profiling of H. crispum aerial parts using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the presence of different metabolites with various functional groups. Meanwhile, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of three main peaks assigned to myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol. In vivo, antiulcer activity results showed that the disease control group displayed five tiny ulcers less than 2 mm in diameter in addition to two hemorrhagic streaks. However, in the standard control group, only one small ulcer was visible for the total methanol extract. Gastric tissues and contents were evaluated to determine many parameters such as ulcer score, ulcer index, percentage inhibition of ulcer, gastric pH, gastric juice volume, and acidity. Results were endorsed by histopathological evaluation; gastric pH and mucus content were significantly increased, but gastric juice volume was significantly decreased. All fractions showed a significant decrease in ulcer index and % inhibition except the n-hexane fraction, whose results were insignificant compared to the disease control group. Thus, it was concluded that H. crispum shows an antiulcer effect by decreasing gastric juice volume and acidity, whereas gastric pH and mucus contents were increased that is attributed to the synergistic action of its detected polyphenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Farheen Fatima
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (M.L.A.)
| | - Manar O. Lashkar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadia S. Youssef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed L. Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (M.L.A.)
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Yu X, Liu Y. Diosmetin attenuate experimental ulcerative colitis in rats via suppression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-6 signalling pathways correlated with down-regulation of apoptotic events. EUR J INFLAMM 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211067292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammation of colon in which the innermost tissue of colon and rectum develops deep-rooted inflammation. Diosmetin is the aglycone of the flavonoid glycoside diosmin, commonly found in citrus fruits. Therapeutically diosmetin is indicated to demonstrate anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, oestrogenic and anti-inflammatory activity. Methods In this research, we studied the action of diosmetin on TNBS (2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid)-induced UC in rats. Male Wister rats were anesthetised with pentobarbital and TNBS introduced by performing an enema. Diosmetin treatment was provided through oral gavage for the next 28 days. Animals were sacrificed on the 29th day and colon tissues were collected for further examinations. Results Diosmetin treatment decreased colonic ulceration dramatically and decreased the percentage of inflammation in the colonic mucosa. Depletion of the TNBS assisted of superoxide dismutase and catalase was substantially restricted, while lipid peroxidation was recorded in the colonic tissue as malondialdehyde content was also decreased. After treatment with diosmetin, the occurrence of TNF-α, IL-6and NF-κB was considerably lowered and the number of apoptotic cells observed was significantly reduced. Conclusion Taken together, these observations demonstrated the potential of diosmetin against ulcer formation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Teaching Materials, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang City, China
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Abdallah HM, Ammar NM, Abdelhameed MF, Gendy AENGE, Ragab TIM, Abd-ElGawad AM, Farag MA, Alwahibi MS, Elshamy AI. Protective Mechanism of Acacia saligna Butanol Extract and Its Nano-Formulations against Ulcerative Colitis in Rats as Revealed via Biochemical and Metabolomic Assays. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E195. [PMID: 32751448 PMCID: PMC7463518 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. The increased risk of cancer in UC patients warrants for the development of novel drug treatments. Herein, this work concerns with the investigation of the protective effects of Acacia saligna butanol extract (ASBE) and its nanoformulations on UC in a rat model and its underlying mechanism. Colitis was induced by slow intrarectal infusion of 2 mL of 4% (v/v in 0.9% saline) acetic acid. Colon samples were evaluated macroscopically, microscopically, and assayed for pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. To monitor associated metabolic changes in acetic acid-induced UC model, serum samples were analyzed for primary metabolites using GC-MS followed by multivariate data analyses. Treatment with ASBE attenuated acetic acid-induced UC as revealed by reduction of colon weight, ulcer area, and ulcer index. ASBE treatment also reduced Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) & Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in the inflamed colon. The nano-formulation of ASBE showed better protection than the crude extract against ulcer indices, increased PGE2 production, and histopathological alterations such as intestinal mucosal lesions and inflammatory infiltration. Distinct metabolite changes were recorded in colitis rats including a decrease in oleamide and arachidonic acid along with increased levels of lactic acid, fructose, and pyroglutamic acid. Treatment with nano extract restored metabolite levels to normal and suggests that cytokine levels were regulated by nano extract in UC. Conclusion: ASBE nano extract mitigated against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats, and the underlying mechanism could be attributed to the modulatory effects of ASBE on the inflammatory cascades. The applicability of metabolomics developed in this rat model seems to be crucial for evaluating the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of new therapeutics for acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M.I. Abdallah
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Naglaa M. Ammar
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed F. Abdelhameed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abd El-Nasser G. El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Tamer I. M. Ragab
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., P.B., Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
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Owusu G, Obiri DD, Ainooson GK, Osafo N, Antwi AO, Duduyemi BM, Ansah C. Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Sprague Dawley Rats Is Suppressed by Hydroethanolic Extract of Cordia vignei Leaves through Reduced Serum Levels of TNF- α and IL-6. Int J Chronic Dis 2020; 2020:8785497. [PMID: 32090060 PMCID: PMC7026722 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8785497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a recurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes long-lasting inflammation on the innermost lining of the colon and rectum. Leaf decoctions of Cordia vignei have been used in traditional medicine either alone or in combination with other plant preparations to treat the disease. AIM In this study, we investigated the effect of hydroethanolic extract of Cordia vignei have been used in traditional medicine either alone or in combination with other plant preparations to treat the disease. METHOD Male Sprague Dawley rats received oral treatment of either saline (10 ml/kg), sulfasalazine (500 mg/kg), or CVE (30-300 mg/kg) daily for 7 days. On day 4, colitis was induced by a single intrarectal administration of 500 μl of acetic acid (4% v/v/. RESULTS CVE significantly (P < 0.05) prevented colonic ulceration and reduced the inflammatory score. Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly reduced. Depletion of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities by acetic acid was significantly inhibited while lipid peroxidation indexed as malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the colon was reduced. However, loss of body weight was not significantly affected by treatment with CVE. CONCLUSION This data suggest that CVE has a potential antiulcerative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Owusu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - David D. Obiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - George K. Ainooson
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Newman Osafo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Aaron O. Antwi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Babatunde M. Duduyemi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Charles Ansah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
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Khan F, Sarker MMR, Ming LC, Mohamed IN, Zhao C, Sheikh BY, Tsong HF, Rashid MA. Comprehensive Review on Phytochemicals, Pharmacological and Clinical Potentials of Gymnema sylvestre. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1223. [PMID: 31736747 PMCID: PMC6830388 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gymnema sylvestre is a plant included in Apocynaceae family and is located in many regions of Asia, Africa and Australia. This plant is widely used as a traditional therapy for different purposes. Even now it is being used as a dietary supplement due to its numerous therapeutic uses. It is known to have blood glucose lowering potential and, thus, is widely used in traditional and Ayurvedic systems of medicine. It renders glucose lowering activity due to the presence of phytochemicals, such as gurmarin, gymnemic acid as well as gymnemasaponins. Gymnema sylvestre is also known to have anti-oxidant, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, gastro and hepatoprotective, anticancer and lipid-lowering activities. This review discusses in details on different pharmacological and clinical potentials of Gymnema sylvestre and its chemical constituents associated with its therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Division, Health Med Science Research Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Division, Health Med Science Research Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (The National University of Malaysia), Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bassem Y. Sheikh
- Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad A. Rashid
- Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Abo-EL-Sooud K, Ahmed FA, El-Toumy SA, Yaecob HS, ELTantawy HM. Phytochemical, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic and hypoglycemic activities of Periploca angustifolia L extracts in rats. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-018-0087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Fatani AJ, Al-Hosaini KA, Ahmed MM, Abuohashish HM, Parmar MY, Al-Rejaie SS. Carvedilol attenuates inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress in a rat model of ulcerative colitis. Drug Dev Res 2016; 76:204-14. [PMID: 26109469 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research This study evaluated the effects of the carvedilol, a nonselective β-adrenoceptor anatgonist with α1-adrenoceptor antagonist activity, in a rat model of experimentally induced ulcerative colitis (UC). UC was produced using acetic acid (AA) in animals previously treated with carvedilol (30 mg/kg po, qd) for seven days. Mucus content, lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, sulfhydryl groups, antioxidant enzyme activities, proinflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide levels were measured in colonic tissues and histopathological changes were assessed. LPO and proinflammatory biomarkers were markedly increased, while mucus content, sulfhydryl groups and enzymatic activities were inhibited in animals administered AA. Pretreatment with carvedilol attenuated LPO elevation, mucus content and sulfhydryl group inhibitions. Antioxidant enzymatic activity and proinflammatory biomarker levels were also restored in carvedilol-pretreated animals. Colonic protection associated with carvedilol pretreatment was further confirmed by histopathological assessment and found to be similar to the standard therapy of mesalazine (100 mg/kg po qd), suggesting that the effects of carvedilol action may be attributable to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal J Fatani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11544, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A Al-Hosaini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11544, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11544, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem M Abuohashish
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11544, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mihir Y Parmar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11544, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim S Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11544, Saudi Arabia
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Neuroprotective effects of Gymnema sylvestre on streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1670-1678. [PMID: 26136876 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of traditional medicine for diabetes and associated complications, such as diabetic neuropathy (DN), has received increasing attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential ameliorative effect of Gymnema sylvestre (Gs) in a rat model of DN. Diabetes was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg). Treatment with Gs extract (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) began two weeks following the administration of STZ and was continued for five weeks. Pain threshold behavior tests were performed subsequent to the five-week Gs treatment period. In addition, the serum levels of glucose, insulin and proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, were determined. Furthermore, the sciatic tissue levels of nitric oxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and reduced glutathione were determined, as well as the activity levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF), nerve growth factor (NGF), TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were also assessed in the sciatic tissue. In addition, the sciatic nerve tissue samples were analyzed for histopathological alterations. The diabetic rats exhibited apparent reductions in the paw-withdrawal (31%; P<0.01) and tail-flick latencies (38%; P<0.05). Furthermore, the diabetic rats demonstrated an evident elevation in serum and sciatic levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Measured oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly altered in the sciatic nerve tissue of the diabetic rats. Treatment with Gs attenuated diabetes-induced modifications with regard to the levels of serum glucose, insulin and proinflammatory cytokines. In the sciatic nerve tissue, the diabetes-induced alterations in IL levels and oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly improved in the Gs-treated rats. Furthermore, the reduction in the sciatic tissue expression levels of IGF and NGF was also ameliorated by Gs treatment. Histological analysis indicated that Gs corrected the sciatic tissue in the diabetic rats. Therefore, the results demonstrated that the neuroprotective effect of Gs may be associated with the inhibitory effect on the excessive activation of inflammatory molecules and oxidative stress mediators.
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Guerra GCB, Araújo AA, Lira GA, Melo MN, Souto KKO, Fernandes D, Silva AL, Araújo Júnior RF. Telmisartan decreases inflammation by modulating TNF-α, IL-10, and RANK/RANKL in a rat model of ulcerative colitis. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:520-6. [PMID: 25933964 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telmisartan is an antihypertensive angiotensin II receptor blocker. This antihypertensive shows antiinflammatory activity. PURPOSE In this study, the antiinflammatory activity of telmisartan was tested in an acetic acid (10%) model of ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. METHODS Rats were given 1, 3, and 5mg/kg/day of telmisartan orally for 3 days before induction of UC. The same doses were also administered 2 and 24h after induction. Rats from the non-colitis and non-treated colitis groups were administered vehicle (saline, 5 ml/kg) orally and another group received sulfasalazine (50mg/kg/day). Colons tissue was analyzed by macroscopic, by histopathology, by the immunohistochemical examination of RANKL/RANK pathway; by ELISA analysis of the levels of IL-10, TNF-α, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malonaldehyde (MDA). RESULTS Telmisartan at 5mg/kg reduced levels of MPO, MDA, TNF-α and increased of IL-10 (p<0.05). Additionally, telmisartan reduced macroscopic damage, number of ulcers, and inflammatory and histopathological processes such as neutrophil infiltration, changes in cytoarchitecture, and necrosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed down-regulation of nuclear factor-kappaB receptor/nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANK/RANKL) in groups treated with sulfasalazine or telmisartan. CONCLUSION Telmisartan exerts beneficial effects in an acetic acid model of colitis in rats. These effects may be due to accelerated termination of the acute inflammatory phase, indicated by decreased TNF-α and increased production of IL-10 and low expression of RANKL and RANK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurigena A Araújo
- Department of Biophysical and Pharmacology, Post Graduation Program in Public Health/Post Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - George A Lira
- Department of Morphology, Post Graduation Program in Health Science UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - Maryanne N Melo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Post Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Science, UFPE, Recife Pe, Brazil
| | | | - Daline Fernandes
- Department of Nutrition, Post Graduation Program in Technology and Science of Food, UFPB, Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | - Raimundo F Araújo Júnior
- Department of Morphology, Post Graduation Program in Functional and Structural Biology/Post Graduation Program in Health Science, UFRN, Natal, Brazil.
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Sofidiya MO, Agunbiade FO, Koorbanally NA, Sowemimo A, Soesan D, Familusi T. Antiulcer activity of the ethanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves of Markhamia tomentosa in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 157:1-6. [PMID: 25240588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves of Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum. Ex Engl. (Bignoniaceae) are used traditionally in the treatment of skin afflictions, sores, ulcers and inflammation. The aim of the study was to investigate the antiulcer activity of the crude ethanolic extract from the leaves of Markhamia tomentosa, determine the active fraction(s) of the extract and identify the chemical constituents in the active fraction by LC-MS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antiulcer activity of the crude extract (50, 100 and 150mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated in ethanol and indomethacin-induced models while the solvent fractions (150mg/kg) were screened using ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats. Furthermore, anti-ulcer activity of the active fraction (50, 100 and 150mg/kg, p.o.) was performed using indomethacin and pylorus ligation models. Parameters such as gastric volume, pH and acidity were determined in the pylorus ligation model. LC-ESI-MS analysis was used to identify the components in the active fraction. RESULTS The extract at the dose of 50, 100 and 150mg/kg caused a significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of ulcer in the ethanol and indomethacin-induced ulcer models, respectively. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed the most potent antiulcer activity from all the fractions tested. This fraction produced 72% and 92% inhibition of indomethacin and pylorus-induced ulcer at a dose of 150mg/kg respectively. Acteoside, luteolin, luteolin-7-rutinoside, Luteolin-3',7-di-O-glucoside, carnosol, dilapachone, tormentic acid, oxo-pomolic acid and ajugol were detected in the EtOAc fraction. CONCLUSION Our data provide a rational base for the folkloric use of Markhamia tormentosa in the treatment of ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret O Sofidiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Foluso O Agunbiade
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Neil A Koorbanally
- School of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Abimbola Sowemimo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Dapo Soesan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Titi Familusi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
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Arun LB, Arunachalam AM, Arunachalam KD, Annamalai SK, Kumar KA. In vivo anti-ulcer, anti-stress, anti-allergic, and functional properties of gymnemic acid isolated from Gymnema sylvestre R Br. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:70. [PMID: 24559073 PMCID: PMC3936851 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gymnema sylvestre is a highly valued ethno pharmacologically important medicinal plant used currently in many poly-herbal formulations due to its potential antidiabetic activity and other health benefits. The present study was carried out to analyze the anti-stress, anti-allergic, and antiulcer activity of the bioactive compounds present in Gymnema sylvestre leaves. METHODS The preliminary phytochemical screening for bioactive compounds from aqueous extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins. The antioxidant activities were investigated using DPPH radical scavenging method. The characterization of the extract was carried out using standard compound by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and phytochemical analysis in terms of total phenol, total flavonoids, reducing power and antioxidant potentials, etc. The in vivo studies on albino mice proved the purified fraction has anti-stress/anti-allergic activity against milk induced leucocytosis/eosinophilia and able to inhibit the aspirin induced gastric ulcers. RESULTS The quantitative estimation for aqueous extract exhibited total antioxidant (9.13 ± 0.04 μg/g), flavonoids (125.62 ± 26.84 μg/g), tannin (111.53 ± 15.13 μg/g), total phenol content (285.23 ± 1.11 μg/g) and free radical scavenging (52.14 ± 0.32%). Further the aqueous extract was consecutively purified by TLC and silica column chromatography. The purified fractions were characterized by HPTLC and GC-MS and the component was identified as gymnemic acid. The potency of the antimicrobial activity of the extract was studied with bacteria. Pharmacological experiments clearly demonstrated that the extracts of all plants given orally showed significant gastric protection against the asprin-induced gastric ulcer model in mice. Furthermore, healing effects were also confirmed through histopathological examination. CONCLUSIONS The aqueous extracts of the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre possess anti ulcerogenic, Anti allergic, Anti stress, properties that may be due to cytoprotective mechanism. These results support the ethno medical uses of the plant in the treatment of gastric ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilly Baptista Arun
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | | | - Kantha Deivi Arunachalam
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Sathesh Kumar Annamalai
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Kalaivani Amit Kumar
- SRM Medical College Hospitals and Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
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Aleisa AM, Al-Rejaie SS, Abuohashish HM, Ola MS, Parmar MY, Ahmed MM. Pretreatment of Gymnema sylvestre revealed the protection against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:49. [PMID: 24507431 PMCID: PMC3922996 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Overproduction of free radicals and decreased antioxidant capacity are well-known risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases. Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves extract is distinguished for its anti-diabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Present study is designed to evaluate the preventative activities of GS against acetic acid (AA)-induced ulcerative colitis in Wistar rats. Methods Experimentally ulcerative colitis (UC) was induced by AA in animals pretreated with three different doses of GS leaves extract (50, 100, 200 mg/kg/day) and a single dose of mesalazine (MES, 300 mg/kg/day) for seven days. Twenty four hours later, animals were sacrificed and the colonic tissues were collected. Colonic mucus content was determined using Alcian blue dye binding technique. Levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total glutathione sulfhydryl group (T-GSH) and non-protein sulfhydryl group (NPSH) as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were estimated in colon tissues. Colonic nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and total protein (TP) concentrations were also determined. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) were estimated in colonic tissues. The histopathological changes of the colonic tissues were also observed. Results In AA administered group TBARS levels were increased, while colonic mucus content, T-GSH and NP-SH, SOD and CAT were reduced in colon. Pretreatment with GS inhibited TBARS elevation as well as mucus content, T-GSH and NP-SH reduction. Enzymatic activities of SOD and CAT were brought back to their normal levels in GS pretreated group. A significant reduction in DNA, RNA and TP levels was seen following AA administration and this inhibition was significantly eliminated by GS treatment. GS pretreatment also inhibited AA-induced elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, PGE2 and NO levels in colon. The apparent UC protection was further confirmed by the histopathological screening. Conclusion The GS leaves extract showed significant amelioration of experimentally induced colitis, which may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property.
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Al-Rejaie SS, Abuohashish HM, Al-Enazi MM, Al-Assaf AH, Parmar MY, Ahmed MM. Protective effect of naringenin on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:5633-5644. [PMID: 24039355 PMCID: PMC3769899 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i34.5633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the ameliorative effect of naringenin (NG) during ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats.
METHODS: Rats were treated with three different doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg per day) of NG and a single dose of mesalazine (MES, 300 mg/kg per day) for seven days prior to ulcerative colitis induction by 4% acetic acid (AA). Twenty four hours after AA rectal administration, animals were scarified and the colonic tissues were dissected. Colonic mucus content was estimated using Alcian blue dye binding technique. In colon tissues, levels of total glutathione sulphadryls (T-GSH), non-protein sulphadryls (NP-SH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were evaluated. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Concentrations of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and total protein were also estimated in colon tissues. Colonic levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) were estimated. In cross section of colitis tissue the histopathological changes were observed.
RESULTS: Colonic mucus content was decreased in AA compared to controls (587.09 ± 65.59 mg/kg vs 941.78 ± 68.41 mg/kg, P < 0.001). AA administration markedly reduced T-GSH (5.25 ± 0.37 nmol/L vs 3.04 ± 0.24 nmol/L, P < 0.01), NP-SH (3.16 ± 0.04 nmol/L vs 2.16 ± 0.30 nmol/L, P < 0.01), CAT (6.77 ± 0.40 U/mg vs 3.04 ± 0.2 U/mg, P < 0.01) and SOD (3.10 ± 0.11 U/mg vs 1.77 ± 0.18 U/mg, P < 0.01) while TBARS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2 and NO levels (15.09 ± 3.84 nmol/L vs 59.90 ± 16.34 nmol/L, P < 0.01; 113.56 ± 1.91 pg/mg vs 134.24 ± 4.77 pg/mg, P < 0.01; 209.20 ± 36.38 pg/mg vs 422.19 ± 31.47 pg/mg, P < 0.01; 250.83 ± 25.09 pg/mg vs 638.58 ± 115.9 pg/mg, P < 0.01; 248.19 ± 36.98 pg/mg vs 541.74 ± 58.34 pg/mg, P < 0.01 and 81.26 ± 2.98 mmol/g vs 101.90 ± 10.73 mmol/g, P < 0.001) were increased in colon of rats with UC compared controls respectively.Naringenin supplementation, significantly and dose dependently increased the colonic mucus content. The elevated TBARS levels were significantly decreased (39.35 ± 5.86 nmol/L, P < 0.05; 26.74 ± 3.17 nmol/L, P < 0.01 nmol/L and 17.74 ± 2.69 nmol/L, P < 0.01) compared to AA (59.90 ± 16.34 nmol/L) group while the decreased levels of T-GSH and NP-SH and activities of CAT and SOD found increased by NG treatments in dose dependent manner. The decreased values of nucleic acids and total protein in AA group were also significantly (P < 0.01) increased in all three NG supplemented groups respectively. NG pretreatment inhibited the TNF-α levels (123.76 ± 3.76 pg/mg, 122.62 ± 3.41 pg/mg and 121.51 ± 2.61 pg/mg vs 134.24 ± 4.78 pg/mg, P < 0.05) compared to AA group, respectively. Interleukins, IL-1β and IL-6 levels were also decreased in NG50 + AA (314.37 ± 16.31 pg/mg and 292.58 ± 23.68 pg/mg, P < 0.05) and NG100 + AA (416.72 ± 49.62 pg/mg and 407.96 ± 43.87 pg/mg, P < 0.05) when compared to AA (352.46 ± 8.58 pg/mg and 638.58 ± 115.98 pg/mg) group. Similar decrease (P < 0.05) was seen in PGE2 and NO values when compared to AA group. The group pretreated with MES, as a reference drug, showed significant (P < 0.01) protection against the changes induced in colon tissue by AA administration respectively.
CONCLUSION: In present study, NG produced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects demonstrating protective effect in inflammatory bowel disease.
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