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Bejaoui S, Chetoui I, Ghribi F, Belhassen D, Abdallah BB, Fayala CB, Boubaker S, Mili S, Soudani N. Exposure to different cobalt chloride levels produces oxidative stress and lipidomic changes and affects the liver structure of Cyprinus carpio juveniles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:51658-51672. [PMID: 39117974 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the toxic effects of CoCl2-induced hepatotoxicity and fatty acid changes in juvenile Cyprinus carpio. Fish were divided into six experimental groups in duplicate. The first group served as controls. The second group received the lowest exposure dose at 2.5 µg/L. In the third group, fish were exposed to 25 µg/L of CoCl2. The fourth group was exposed to 50 µg/L of CoCl2. The last two groups were exposed to the highest doses, 100 and 500 µg/L of CoCl2. Total antioxidant activities were estimated using a colorimetric method. Liver fatty acid compositions were analyzed by high-performance gas chromatography (GC). Hepatopathy was identified through microscopic analysis. Exposure of C. carpio to CoCl2 resulted in hepatotoxicity, indicated by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), protein carbonyls (PCO), and alterations in the ferric reducing antioxidant power system (FRAP). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), metallothioneins (MTs), and low thiol levels (L-SH) significantly increased, particularly under exposure to the highest CoCl2 doses (100 and 500 µg/L). Acetylcholinesterase activity decreased significantly in C. carpio exposed to graded CoCl2 doses. Additionally, there was a decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), primarily n-3 PUFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), while an increase in monounsaturated (MUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA), including palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), and oleic (C18:1) acids, was observed. Histopathological examination of the liver confirmed hepatopathy revealing characteristic tissue changes such as leucocyte infiltration, hepatic cell membrane degradation, vacuolization, and lipid inclusions. The study provided ethnophysiology insights into the responses of C. carpio to CoCl2-induced oxidative stress and lipidomic alteration, underscoring its potential as a bioindicator for assessing environmental impacts and metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Bejaoui
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Imene Chetoui
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Feriel Ghribi
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
- High Institute of Aquaculture and Fishing of Bizerte, BP15, 7080, Menzel Jemil, Tunisia
| | - Dalya Belhassen
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Boutheina Ben Abdallah
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chaima Ben Fayala
- Unit of Pathological and Experimental Human Anatomy, Institute of Pasteur of Tunis, 1002, Tunis-Belvedere, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Unit of Pathological and Experimental Human Anatomy, Institute of Pasteur of Tunis, 1002, Tunis-Belvedere, Tunisia
| | - Sami Mili
- High Institute of Aquaculture and Fishing of Bizerte, BP15, 7080, Menzel Jemil, Tunisia
| | - Nejla Soudani
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
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Taleb S, Varela-Mattatall G, Allen A, Haast R, Khan AR, Kalia V, Howard JL, MacDonald SJ, Menon RS, Lanting BA, Teeter MG. Assessing brain integrity in patients with long-term and well-functioning metal-based hip implants. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:1292-1302. [PMID: 38235918 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Production of metal debris from implant wear and corrosion processes is now a well understood occurrence following hip arthroplasty. Evidence has shown that metal ions can enter the bloodstream and travel to distant organs including the brain, and in extreme cases, can induce sensorial and neurological diseases. Our objective was tosimultaneously analyze brain anatomy and physiology in patients with long-term and well-functioning implants. Included were subjects who had received total hip or hip resurfacing arthroplastywith an implantation time of a minimum of 7 years (n = 28) and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 32). Blood samples were obtained to measure ion concentrations of cobalt and chromium, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment was performed. 3T MRI brain scans were completed with an MPRAGE sequence for ROI segmentation and multiecho gradient echo sequences to generate QSM and R2* maps. Mean QSM and R2* values were recorded for five deep brain and four middle and cortical brain structures on both hemispheres: pallidum, putamen, caudate, amygdala, hippocampus, anterior cingulate, inferior temporal, and cerebellum. No differences in QSM or R2* or cognition scores were found between both groups (p > 0.6654). No correlation was found between susceptibility and blood ion levels for cobalt or chromium in any region of the brain. No correlation was found between blood ion levels and cognition scores. Clinical significance: Results suggest that metal ions released by long-term and well-functioning implants do not affect brain integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Taleb
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Imaging Group, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gabriel Varela-Mattatall
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Imaging Group, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abbigail Allen
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roy Haast
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Imaging Group, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali R Khan
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Imaging Group, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vishal Kalia
- Department of Medical Imaging, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James L Howard
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven J MacDonald
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ravi S Menon
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Imaging Group, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brent A Lanting
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Centre, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew G Teeter
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Imaging Group, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Freund SS, Thorn APJ, Puri A, Petersen MM, Baad-Hansen T. Elevated cobalt levels in metal-on-polyethylene knee megaprostheses: a prospective 1-year cohort study of 56 patients with hip and knee megaprostheses. Acta Orthop 2024; 95:174-179. [PMID: 38629902 PMCID: PMC11022749 DOI: 10.2340/17453674.2024.40502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Concerns have emerged regarding elevated levels of cobalt and chromium in patients with metal-on-metal megaprostheses. This prospective study aims to identify systemic cobalt and chromium levels in metal-on-polyethylene knee and hip megaprostheses and their associations with other factors. METHODS 56 patients underwent knee or hip megaprosthesis surgery at 2 sarcoma centers. Serum cobalt and chromium levels were measured preoperatively and thrice within the first year using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS A statistically significant difference in serum cobalt levels (1.4 ppb; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.0-3.3) was observed 1 year after knee megaprosthesis surgery compared with preoperative levels. In contrast no difference in chromium levels was observed after 1 year compared with preoperative levels (0.05 ppb; CI 0.0-0.8). An association between younger age, higher eGFR, and increased cobalt levels was observed. No significant correlations were found between ion levels and resection length or the number of modular connections. CONCLUSION We found elevated serum ion levels in metal-on-polyethylene knee megaprostheses in contrast to metal-on-polyethylene hip megaprostheses. Furthermore, a positive correlation between cobalt and chromium levels, and between cobalt and eGFR was identified, along with a negative correlation between cobalt and age. This study highlights the importance of monitoring systemic cobalt and chromium levels in patients with megaprostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Pohly Jeppesen Thorn
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Section of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet - University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ajay Puri
- Orthopedic Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, India
| | - Michael Mørk Petersen
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Section of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rigshospitalet - University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Casian M, Bica R, Ionescu V, Predescu V, Țincu R, Jurcuț R. Too young for an acquired cardiomyopathy? Cobalt metallosis as a cardiac amyloidosis mimicker. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:1236-1241. [PMID: 38287516 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Metallosis with subsequent cardiac involvement is a possible long-term complication of hip arthroplasty. We report the case of a young female referred to our centre for the suspicion of cardiac amyloidosis presenting with low electrocardiogram voltage, left ventricular hypertrophy, pericardial effusion, and global and longitudinal systolic impairment with apical sparing pattern. Her medical history was remarkable for arthroplasty in the context of congenital hip dysplasia. Two years prior to presentation, she underwent revision surgery for prosthesis malfunction, and tissue metallosis was initially documented. At the current presentation, cobalt metallosis was confirmed, as the circulating cobalt and chromium levels were severely elevated. The accurate diagnosis prompted the removal of the cobalt source with extensive tissue debridement and the use of chelating agents. Reversal of the cardiac abnormalities occurred as the circulating cobalt levels returned to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea Casian
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Expert Center for Rare Genetic Cardiovascular Diseases, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Vlad Predescu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ponderas Academic Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Țincu
- Floreasca Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Jurcuț
- Department of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Expert Center for Rare Genetic Cardiovascular Diseases, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
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Blackmon J, Blackmon L, Goode C, Douthit N. Systemic Cobalt Toxicity Secondary to Metal-on-Metal Prosthetic Hip Replacement: a Case Report. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:133-137. [PMID: 37914907 PMCID: PMC10817879 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Blackmon
- East Alabama Health Internal Medicine Residency, 2000 Pepperell Pkwy, Opelika, AL, 36801, USA.
| | - Lindsey Blackmon
- East Alabama Health Internal Medicine Residency, 2000 Pepperell Pkwy, Opelika, AL, 36801, USA
| | - Claire Goode
- Auburn VCOM, 910 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
| | - Nathan Douthit
- East Alabama Health Internal Medicine Residency, 2000 Pepperell Pkwy, Opelika, AL, 36801, USA
- Auburn VCOM, 910 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
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Alberghina F, McManus R, Keogh C, Turner H, Moore D, Noël J, Kennedy J, Kiely P. The Evaluation of Serum Metal Ion Levels and Metallosis in Graduated Patients With Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods. J Pediatr Orthop 2024; 44:43-48. [PMID: 37779282 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000002526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) aim to control curve progression while limiting surgical burden in children with early-onset scoliosis. Systemic and local distribution of metal debris has been documented in children with spinal implants. The aim of the study was to assess serum metal ion levels and local metal debris-related changes at the conclusion of MCGR treatment. METHODS Between February 2019 and September 2022, all patients who had a conversion to definitive fusion at the completion of MCGR treatment in our institution were invited to participate in this study. Consenting patients had serum metal ion levels drawn (titanium, cobalt, and chromium) and histologic analyses of peri-implant tissue samples. RESULTS We enrolled 24 children who underwent definitive fusion post-MCGR treatment for early-onset scoliosis. The average age at definitive fusion was 13.3 years (range: 11 to 17 y). The average length of MCGR treatment was 4.8 years (range: 1.5 to 6.8 y). At the end of the MCGR treatment, 23 (96%) patients had elevated serum metal ion levels. Mean serum titanium levels were 165.4 nmol/L (range: 30 to 390 nmol/L), mean serum cobalt levels were 4.6 nmol/L (range: 1.2 to 14 nmol/L), and mean serum chromium levels were 14 nmol/L (range: 2.4 to 30 nmol/L). Peri-implant soft tissue histologic analysis demonstrated local metal debris and foreign body reactions in all patients. CONCLUSIONS At the completion of MCGR treatment, the majority of patients demonstrate elevated serum metal ion levels and local metal debris-related peri-implant soft tissue changes. Although there is no current literature to suggest these findings are harmful, further research as to the clinical significance is required. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Alberghina
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
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Kayembe-Kitenge T, Nkulu CBL, Musanzayi SM, Kasole TL, Ngombe LK, Obadia PM, Van Brusselen D, Mukoma DKW, Musambo TM, Mulangu AM, Banza PN, Katoto PDMC, Smolders E, Nemery B, Nawrot T. Transplacental transfer of cobalt: Evidence from a study of mothers and their neonates in the African Copperbelt. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127294. [PMID: 37677922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfer of the trace metal cobalt (Co) from mother to foetus has not been documented in populations with high environmental exposure to Co, as is the case in the African Copperbelt mining region. We analysed data obtained from 246 mother-infant pairs included (at delivery) in a previously published case-control study on birth defects, done in Lubumbashi (Democratic Republic of Congo) between March 1, 2013, and Feb 28, 2015. METHODS Co was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry in maternal blood, maternal urine, umbilical cord blood and placental tissue, as available. RESULTS The Co concentrations [geometric mean (GM) with interquartile range (IQR)] in maternal blood (GM 1.77 µg/L, IQR 1.07-2.93) and urine (GM 7.42 µg/g creatinine, IQR 4.41-11.0) were highly correlated (Spearman r = 0.71, n = 166; p < 0.001) and considerably higher than reference values determined for general populations elsewhere in the world. The concentrations of Co in umbilical cord blood (GM 2.41 µg/L) were higher (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.001) than in maternal blood (GM 1.37 µg/L), with a correlation between both values (Spearman r = 0.34; n = 127, p < 0.001). Co concentrations in placental tissue (geometric mean 0.02 µg/g wet weight) correlated with concentrations in maternal blood (Spearman r = 0.50, n = 86, p < 0.001) and in neonatal blood (Spearman r = 0.23, n = 83, p = 0.039). CONCLUSION This first study of maternal and neonatal Co concentrations in the African Copperbelt provides strong evidence of a high transfer of Co from mother to foetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Kayembe-Kitenge
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Belgium; Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
| | - Célestin Banza Lubaba Nkulu
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Toni Lubala Kasole
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Leon Kabamba Ngombe
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Kamina, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Paul Musa Obadia
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daan Van Brusselen
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Belgium; Department of (Tropical) Paediatrics, ZAS Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Daniel Kyanika Wa Mukoma
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Taty Muta Musambo
- Unit of Toxicology and Environment School of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Patient Nkulu Banza
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - P D M C Katoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Erik Smolders
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Zheng C, Yu G, Su Q, Wu L, Tang J, Lin X, Chen Y, Guo Z, Zheng F, Zheng H, Lin L, Tang Y, Wu S, Li H. The deficiency of N6-methyladenosine demethylase ALKBH5 enhances the neurodegenerative damage induced by cobalt. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163429. [PMID: 37072102 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt exposure, even at low concentrations, induces neurodegenerative damage, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The specific underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous study demonstrated that m6A methylation alteration is involved in cobalt-induced neurodegenerative damage, such as in AD. However, the role of m6A RNA methylation and its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, both epidemiological and laboratory studies showed that cobalt exposure could downregulate the expression of the m6A demethylase ALKBH5, suggesting a key role for ALKBH5. Moreover, Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation and sequencing (MeRIP-seq) analysis revealed that ALKBH5 deficiency is associated with neurodegenerative diseases. KEGG pathway and Gene ontology analyses further revealed that the differentially m6A-modified genes resulting from ALKBH5 downregulation and cobalt exposure were aggregated in the pathways of proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Subsequently, ALKBH5 deficiency was shown to exacerbate cell viability decline, motivate cell apoptosis and attenuate cell autophagy induced by cobalt with experimental techniques of gene overexpression/inhibition. In addition, morphological changes in neurons and the expression of AD-related proteins, such as APP, P-Tau, and Tau, in the cerebral hippocampus of wild-type and ALKBH5 knockout mice after chronic cobalt exposure were also investigated. Both in vitro and in vivo results showed that lower expression of ALKBH5 aggravated cobalt-induced neurodegenerative damage. These results suggest that ALKBH5, as an epigenetic regulator, could be a potential target for alleviating cobalt-induced neurodegenerative damage. In addition, we propose a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of environmental toxicant-related neurodegeneration from an epigenetic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zheng
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Guangxia Yu
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lingyan Wu
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jianping Tang
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xinpei Lin
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Zhenkun Guo
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Liqiong Lin
- Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Fujian Center for Prevention and Control Occupational Diseases and Chemical Poisoning, Fuzhou 350125, China
| | - Siying Wu
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Fujian Key Lab of Environmental Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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9
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Khandelwal G, Roychoudhury A, Bhutia O, Shariff A. Longitudinal surveillance of serum titanium ion levels in patients with indigenous 3D printed total temporomandibular joint replacement. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7275. [PMID: 37142652 PMCID: PMC10160034 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this longitudinal study was to surveil the serum titanium ion levels at various time intervals in patients with indigenous 3D-printed total temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJ TJR). The study was conducted on 11 patients (male: 8; female: 3) who had undergone unilateral or bilateral TMJ TJR. Blood samples were drawn preoperatively (T0), 3 months (T1), 6 months (T2), and 1 year (T3) postoperatively. Data were analyzed and a p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean serum titanium ion levels at T0, T1, T2, and T3 was 9.34 ± 8.70 µg/L (mcg/L), 35.97 ± 20.27 mcg/L, 31.68 ± 17.03 mcg/L, and 47.91 ± 15.47 mcg/L respectively. The mean serum titanium ion levels increased significantly at T1 (p = 0.009), T2 (p = 0.032), and T3 (p = 0.00) interval. There was no significant difference between unilateral and bilateral groups. Serum titanium ion continued to show increased levels till the last follow-up of 1 year. These initial serum titanium ion levels increase is due to the initial wear phase of the prosthesis which manifests over 1 year. Further studies with large sample sizes and long-term follow-ups are required to see the deleterious effect if any on the TMJ TJR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Khandelwal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ajoy Roychoudhury
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Ongkila Bhutia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - A Shariff
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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10
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Assessing the Clinical Value of Objective and Patient-Reported Audiovestibular Outcome Measures in the Risk Estimation of Systemic Cobalt Toxicity for Patients With a Metal-on-Metal Hip Implant. Ear Hear 2022; 43:1502-1514. [DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Rahman TM, Hall DJ, Darrith B, Liu S, Jacobs JJ, Pourzal R, Silverton CD. Non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy associated with elevated serum cobalt and accelerated wear of a metal-on-metal hip resurfacing. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e249070. [PMID: 35760505 PMCID: PMC9237908 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A man in his late 30s developed non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy due to systemic cobalt toxicity associated with accelerated bearing surface wear from metal-on-metal hip resurfacing implanted in the previous 6 years. Following revision arthroplasty, the patient regained baseline cardiac function. Cobalt-induced cardiomyopathy is a grave condition that deserves early consideration due to potentially irreversible morbidity. We present this case to increase awareness, facilitate early detection and emphasise the need for research into the diagnosis and management of at-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahsin M Rahman
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Deborah J Hall
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian Darrith
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Songyun Liu
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joshua J Jacobs
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Robin Pourzal
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Craig D Silverton
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Park Y, Demessie AA, Luo A, Taratula OR, Moses AS, Do P, Campos L, Jahangiri Y, Wyatt CR, Albarqi HA, Farsad K, Slayden OD, Taratula O. Targeted Nanoparticles with High Heating Efficiency for the Treatment of Endometriosis with Systemically Delivered Magnetic Hyperthermia. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107808. [PMID: 35434932 PMCID: PMC9232988 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a devastating disease in which endometrial-like tissue forms lesions outside the uterus. It causes infertility and severe pelvic pain in ≈176 million women worldwide, and there is currently no cure for this disease. Magnetic hyperthermia could potentially eliminate widespread endometriotic lesions but has not previously been considered for treatment because conventional magnetic nanoparticles have relatively low heating efficiency and can only provide ablation temperatures (>46 °C) following direct intralesional injection. This study is the first to describe nanoparticles that enable systemically delivered magnetic hyperthermia for endometriosis treatment. When subjected to an alternating magnetic field (AMF), these hexagonal iron-oxide nanoparticles exhibit extraordinary heating efficiency that is 6.4× greater than their spherical counterparts. Modifying nanoparticles with a peptide targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) enhances their endometriosis specificity. Studies in mice bearing transplants of macaque endometriotic tissue reveal that, following intravenous injection at a low dose (3 mg per kg), these nanoparticles efficiently accumulate in endometriotic lesions, selectively elevate intralesional temperature above 50 °C upon exposure to external AMF, and completely eradicate them with a single treatment. These nanoparticles also demonstrate promising potential as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for precise detection of endometriotic tissue before AMF application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngrong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
| | - Ananiya A Demessie
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
| | - Addie Luo
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue Beaverton, Portland, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Olena R Taratula
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
| | - Abraham S Moses
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
| | - Peter Do
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
| | - Leonardo Campos
- Dotter Interventional Institute, Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Younes Jahangiri
- Dotter Interventional Institute, Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Cory R Wyatt
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health and Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Hassan A Albarqi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, King Abdulaziz Road, Najran, 55461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khashayar Farsad
- Dotter Interventional Institute, Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon, 97239, USA
| | - Ov D Slayden
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue Beaverton, Portland, Oregon, 97006, USA
| | - Oleh Taratula
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 2730 S Moody Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97201, USA
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Qiao K, Xu L, Tang J, Wang Q, Lim KS, Hooper G, Woodfield TBF, Liu G, Tian K, Zhang W, Cui X. The advances in nanomedicine for bone and cartilage repair. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:141. [PMID: 35303876 PMCID: PMC8932118 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With the gradual demographic shift toward an aging and obese society, an increasing number of patients are suffering from bone and cartilage injuries. However, conventional therapies are hindered by the defects of materials, failing to adequately stimulate the necessary cellular response to promote sufficient cartilage regeneration, bone remodeling and osseointegration. In recent years, the rapid development of nanomedicine has initiated a revolution in orthopedics, especially in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, due to their capacity to effectively stimulate cellular responses on a nanoscale with enhanced drug loading efficiency, targeted capability, increased mechanical properties and improved uptake rate, resulting in an improved therapeutic effect. Therefore, a comprehensive review of advancements in nanomedicine for bone and cartilage diseases is timely and beneficial. This review firstly summarized the wide range of existing nanotechnology applications in the medical field. The progressive development of nano delivery systems in nanomedicine, including nanoparticles and biomimetic techniques, which are lacking in the current literature, is further described. More importantly, we also highlighted the research advancements of nanomedicine in bone and cartilage repair using the latest preclinical and clinical examples, and further discussed the research directions of nano-therapies in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qiao
- Department of Bone & Joint, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Bone & Joint, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Qiguang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Gary Hooper
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Guozhen Liu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Tian
- Department of Bone & Joint, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Bone & Joint, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- Department of Bone & Joint, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, Liaoning, China.
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand.
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Lachowicz JI, Lecca LI, Meloni F, Campagna M. Metals and Metal-Nanoparticles in Human Pathologies: From Exposure to Therapy. Molecules 2021; 26:6639. [PMID: 34771058 PMCID: PMC8587420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of pathologies correlates with both toxic and essential metal ions dyshomeostasis. Next to known genetic disorders (e.g., Wilson's Disease and β-Thalassemia) other pathological states such as neurodegeneration and diabetes are characterized by an imbalance of essential metal ions. Metal ions can enter the human body from the surrounding environment in the form of free metal ions or metal-nanoparticles, and successively translocate to different tissues, where they are accumulated and develop distinct pathologies. There are no characteristic symptoms of metal intoxication, and the exact diagnosis is still difficult. In this review, we present metal-related pathologies with the most common onsets, biomarkers of metal intoxication, and proper techniques of metal qualitative and quantitative analysis. We discuss the possible role of drugs with metal-chelating ability in metal dyshomeostasis, and present recent advances in therapies of metal-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcello Campagna
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09048 Monserrato, CA, Italy; (J.I.L.); (L.I.L.); (F.M.)
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15
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Eichenbaum G, Wilsey JT, Fessel G, Qiu QQ, Perkins L, Hasgall P, Monnot A, More SL, Egnot N, Sague J, Marcello S, Connor K, Scutti J, Christian WV, Coplan PM, Wright J, Hastings B, Katz LB, Vreeke M, Calistri-Yeh M, Faiola B, Purushothaman B, Nevelos J, Bashiri M, Christensen JB, Kovochich M, Unice K. An integrated benefit-risk assessment of cobalt-containing alloys used in medical devices: Implications for regulatory requirements in the European Union. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 125:105004. [PMID: 34256083 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.105004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In 2017, the European Union (EU) Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC) recommended the classification of metallic cobalt (Co) as Category 1B with respect to its carcinogenic and reproductive hazard potential and Category 2 for mutagenicity but did not evaluate the relevance of these classifications for patients exposed to Co-containing alloys (CoCA) used in medical devices. CoCA are inherently different materials from Co metal from a toxicological perspective and thus require a separate assessment. CoCA are biocompatible materials with a unique combination of properties including strength, durability, and a long history of safe use that make them uniquely suited for use in a wide-range of medical devices. Assessments were performed on relevant preclinical and clinical carcinogenicity and reproductive toxicity data for Co and CoCA to meet the requirements under the EU Medical Device Regulation triggered by the ECHA re-classification (adopted in October 2019 under the 14th Adaptation to Technical Progress to CLP) and to address their relevance to patient safety. The objective of this review is to present an integrated overview of these assessments, a benefit-risk assessment and an examination of potential alternative materials. The data support the conclusion that the exposure to CoCA in medical devices via clinically relevant routes does not represent a hazard for carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity. Additionally, the risk for the adverse effects that are known to occur with elevated Co concentrations (e.g., cardiomyopathy) are very low for CoCA implant devices (infrequent reports often reflecting a unique catastrophic failure event out of millions of patients) and negligible for CoCA non-implant devices (not measurable/no case reports). In conclusion, the favorable benefit-risk profile also in relation to possible alternatives presented herein strongly support continued use of CoCA in medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Eichenbaum
- Johnson & Johnson, 410 George St, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Jared T Wilsey
- Smith & Nephew, 1450 E Brooks Rd, Memphis, TN, 38116, USA
| | - Gion Fessel
- Smith & Nephew, Oberneuhofstasse 10D, 6340, Baar, Switzerland
| | - Qing-Qing Qiu
- Stryker, 2825 Airview Boulevard, Kalamazoo, MI, 49002, USA
| | - Laura Perkins
- Abbott Vascular, 3200 Lakeside Dr, Santa Clara, CA, 95054, USA
| | | | - Andrew Monnot
- Cardno ChemRisk, 235 Pine Street Suite 2300, San Francisco, CA, 94104, USA
| | - Sharlee L More
- Cardno ChemRisk, 6720 S Macadam Ave Suite 150, Portland, OR, 97219, USA
| | - Natalie Egnot
- Cardno ChemRisk, 20 Stanwix Street Suite 505, Pittsburgh, PA, 15222, USA
| | - Jorge Sague
- Stryker, 2825 Airview Boulevard, Kalamazoo, MI, 49002, USA
| | | | - Kevin Connor
- Boston Scientific, 100 Boston Scientific Way, Marlborough, MA, 01752, USA
| | - James Scutti
- Boston Scientific, 100 Boston Scientific Way, Marlborough, MA, 01752, USA
| | | | - Paul M Coplan
- Johnson & Johnson, 410 George St, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John Wright
- Johnson & Johnson, 410 George St, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Bob Hastings
- Johnson & Johnson, 410 George St, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Laurence B Katz
- LifeScan Global Corporation, 20 Valley Stream Parkway, Malvern, PA, 19355, USA
| | - Mark Vreeke
- Edwards Lifesciences, One Edwards Way, Irvine, CA, 92614, USA
| | | | - Brenda Faiola
- Becton Dickinson, 1 Becton Drive, Franklin Lakes, NJ, 07417, USA; Rho, Inc., 2635 E NC Hwy 54, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
| | | | - Jim Nevelos
- Stryker, 2825 Airview Boulevard, Kalamazoo, MI, 49002, USA
| | - Mehran Bashiri
- Stryker Neurovascular, 47900 Bayside Parkway, Fremont, CA, 94538, USA
| | | | - Michael Kovochich
- Cardno ChemRisk, 30 North LaSalle St Suite 3910, Chicago, Illinois, 60602-2590, USA
| | - Kenneth Unice
- Cardno ChemRisk, 20 Stanwix Street Suite 505, Pittsburgh, PA, 15222, USA.
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16
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Jenkinson MRJ, Meek RMD, Tate R, MacMillan S, Grant MH, Currie S. Cobalt-induced cardiomyopathy - do circulating cobalt levels matter? Bone Joint Res 2021; 10:340-347. [PMID: 34053230 PMCID: PMC8242681 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.106.bjr-2020-0414.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of circulating cobalt ions have been linked with a wide range of systemic complications including neurological, endocrine, and cardiovascular symptoms. Case reports of patients with elevated blood cobalt ions have described significant cardiovascular complications including cardiomyopathy. However, correlation between the actual level of circulating cobalt and extent of cardiovascular injury has not previously been performed. This review examines evidence from the literature for a link between elevated blood cobalt levels secondary to metal-on-metal (MoM) hip arthroplasties and cardiomyopathy. Correlation between low, moderate, and high blood cobalt with cardiovascular complications has been considered. Elevated blood cobalt at levels over 250 µg/l have been shown to be a risk factor for developing systemic complications and published case reports document cardiomyopathy, cardiac transplantation, and death in patients with severely elevated blood cobalt ions. However, it is not clear that there is a hard cut-off value and cardiac dysfunction may occur at lower levels. Clinical and laboratory research has found conflicting evidence of cobalt-induced cardiomyopathy in patients with MoM hips. Further work needs to be done to clarify the link between severely elevated blood cobalt ions and cardiomyopathy. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(6):340–347.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rothwell Tate
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - M Helen Grant
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Susan Currie
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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17
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Course of Metal Ions after a Revision of Malfunctioning Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Prostheses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57020115. [PMID: 33525335 PMCID: PMC7912175 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present research evaluated the course of cobalt and chromium in the blood and urine after the revision of metal-on-metal with a ceramic-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty. Seven patients were enrolled for hip prosthesis revision owing to ascertained damage of the implant. Metals in the blood and urine were evaluated before and after the hip revision. The double measurement before the total hip revision revealed high levels of metal ions (on average, 88.1 µg/L of cobalt in the blood, 399.0 µg/g of creatinine cobalt in the urine, 46.8 µg/L of chromium in the blood, and 129.6 µg/g of creatinine chromium in the urine at the first measurements), with an increasing trend between the first and second dosage. Within a week after the hip revision, the levels of metal ions significantly decreased by approximately half. Four to six months after the operation, the cobalt levels were found near to the reference values, whereas the chromium levels reached 25% of the values measured before the revision. The revision of malfunctioning metal-on-metal implants produced a dramatic decrease of metal ions in biological fluids, although it did not completely rescue the chromium level.
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18
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Venkatraman V, Wong MK, Shalita C, Parente B, Lad SP. Cobalt-Induced Toxicity and Spasticity Secondary to Hip Arthroplasty: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Cureus 2020; 12:e12368. [PMID: 33527049 PMCID: PMC7842236 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cobalt is known to produce a variety of symptoms in patients who accumulate a toxic amount in their blood. Cobalt poisoning can arise from metal implants due to wear and tear on the metal implant surfaces, but implant deterioration has not yet been reported to cause muscle spasticity. A 45-year-old male patient with a medical history of multiple sclerosis (MS) and bilateral hip arthroplasty presented with spasticity that persisted despite administration of anti-spasmodic medication and intrathecal baclofen. Concerns of high cobalt levels, confirmed via blood testing, led to revisions of both of his hip prosthesis, which alleviated his muscle spasms. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of muscle spasticity associated with increased blood cobalt levels. Reduction in the patient's spasticity was associated with prosthesis revision and subsequent reduction in blood cobalt, suggesting that cobalt was involved in the pathogenesis or at minimum worsening of his spasticity given his concurrent MS. Review of the literature suggests that increased levels of cobalt can interfere with metabolism in neurons and damage muscle fibers, providing possible pathological mechanisms for the patient's spasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan K Wong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA
| | | | - Beth Parente
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA
| | - Shivanand P Lad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, USA
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19
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Sánchez-Dalmau BF, Spencer F, Sánchez-Vela L, Camós-Carreras A, Nogué Xarau S, Fernández-Valencia JA. Visual impairment induced by prosthetic cobaltism. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE OFTALMOLOGÍA 2020; 96:316-320. [PMID: 34092285 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The case of a 68-year-old patient with visual loss secondary to prosthetic cobaltism is reported. The degeneration of the metallic hip prosthesis can produce a systemic absorption of cobalt with cardiac, neurological, endocrine, auditory, and visual manifestations. The diagnostic suspicion is confirmed by serum cobalt measurements. Treatment with early surgery and chelating agents can lead to improvement of the visual, and the other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Spencer
- Institut Clínic d'Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Sánchez-Vela
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Camós-Carreras
- Institut Clínic d'Oftalmología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Nogué Xarau
- Servicio de Toxicología de Urgencias, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Honkasaari N, Lainiala O, Laine O, Reito A, Eskelinen A. No association between blood count levels and whole-blood cobalt and chromium levels in 1,900 patients with metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty. Acta Orthop 2020; 91:711-716. [PMID: 33003969 PMCID: PMC8023953 DOI: 10.1080/17453674.2020.1827191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose - The accelerated wear of poorly functioning metal-on-metal (MoM) hip implants may cause elevated whole-blood cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) levels. Hematological and endocrinological changes have been described as the most sensitive adverse effects due to Co exposure. We studied whether there is an association between whole-blood Co/Cr levels and leukocyte, hemoglobin, or platelet levels. Patients and methods - We analyzed whole-blood Co and Cr values and complete blood counts (including leukocytes, hemoglobin, platelets) from 1,900 patients with MoM hips. The mean age at the time of whole-blood metal ion measurements was 67 years (SD 10). The mean time from primary surgery to whole-blood metal ion measurement was 8.2 years (SD 3.0). The mean interval between postoperative blood counts and metal ion measurements was 0.2 months (SD 2.7). Results - The median Co value was 1.9 µg/L (0.2-225), Cr 1.6 µg/L (0.2-125), mean leukocyte count 6.7 × 109/L (SD 1.9), hemoglobin value 143 g/L (SD 13), and platelet count 277 × 109/L (SD 70). We did not observe clinically significant correlations between whole-blood Co/Cr and leukocyte, hemoglobin, or platelet counts. Interpretation - Elevated whole-blood Co and Cr values are unlikely to explain abnormal blood counts in patients with MoM hips and the reason for possible abnormal blood counts should be sought elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Honkasaari
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement, Tampere,University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere
| | - Olli Lainiala
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement, Tampere,University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere,Correspondence:
| | - Outi Laine
- University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere,Tampere University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aleksi Reito
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement, Tampere,University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere
| | - Antti Eskelinen
- Coxa Hospital for Joint Replacement, Tampere,University of Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere
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Erfanian-Nazif-Toosi HR, Rodriguez M, López HF. Microstructural evolution and corrosion behavior of a laser surface modified cast Co-Cr-Mo-C alloy. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:3190-3199. [PMID: 32619316 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A Co-Cr-Mo-C biomedical alloy was processed by investment casting, and its surface was modified using pulsed laser melting. The modified surface underwent rapid solidification, and the exhibited microstructure as well as its corrosion properties were investigated. It was found that the laser surface modified (LSM) Co-Cr-Mo-C alloy possesses enhanced corrosion resistance when compared with the same alloy in the as-cast condition. Microstructural determinations indicated that the LSM Co-Cr-Mo-C alloy exhibited a lack significant solute segregation and a predominantly cellular morphology as a result of the development of a cellular solid-liquid front. The cellular morphology was characterized by a fine distribution of nano-scale M23 C6 carbides at the intercellular regions. Moreover, the austenite (γ) to athermal ε-martensite transformation was totally suppressed in the cellular solidified regions. In contrast, the as-cast alloy develops a coarse dendritic microstructure with coarse carbides in the interdendritic regions. Solute segregation is also present, as well as athermal ε-martensite (13 pct). It was found that the corrosion resistance of the LSM alloy in the Ringer solution exhibits improved corrosion potential and a reduced corrosion current density (-281 mV and 0.032 μA/cm2 , respectively),when compared with the same alloy in the investment as-cast condition (-356 mV and 0.150 μA/cm2 ).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Rodriguez
- Center for Advancced Materials, Technological Institute of Saltilo, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Hugo F López
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Miilwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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22
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Martin JR, Odum SM, Springer BD, Griffin WL. Initial metal ion levels predict risk of elevation in metal on metal total hip arthroplasty. Hip Int 2020; 30:592-597. [PMID: 31288570 DOI: 10.1177/1120700019861544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Screening protocols for asymptomatic patients with metal on metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) are evolving. Most surgeons began screening patients around 2010 by obtaining cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) metal ion levels. There is currently no data available to guide repeat screening in this familiar clinical scenario. Therefore, the following study evaluated how metal ion levels change after an initial metal ion level in patients with MoM THAs. MATERIALS AND METHODS 171 consecutive patients (265 hips) underwent primary MoM THA. All patients had at least one Co and Cr ion level draw. 84 patients (136 hips) had 2 ion level draws. Ion levels were divided into elevated levels (⩾4.5 ppb) and normal levels (<4.5 ppb). The probability of an ion level returning elevated after an initial normal level was identified. Additionally, a threshold value was determined that reliably identified every patient that did not subsequently rise above 4.5 ppb. RESULTS 12 metal ion levels were ⩾4.5 ppb on the first lab draw. On the second draw, all 12 remained ⩾4.5 ppb. Of the 121 hips with initial metal ion levels <4.5 ppb, 5 metal ion levels became ⩾4.5 ppb. Utilising an initial screening cutoff of 3.0 ppb, no patient was identified with a second lab value ⩾4.5 ppb. DISCUSSION Initial metal ion levels reliably predicted those that would remain elevated or remain normal with a subsequent metal ion level. An initial metal ion level above 3.0 ppb may represent a cutoff at which further workup is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan M Odum
- OrthoCarolina Research Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
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23
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Mechanisms of Co, Ni, and Mn toxicity: From exposure and homeostasis to their interactions with and impact on lipids and biomembranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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24
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Leyssens L, Vinck B, Van Der Straeten C, Dhooge I, Wuyts FL, Maes LK. The ototoxic potential of cobalt from metal-on-metal hip implants: a pilot study on the patient-reported auditory, vestibular, and general neurological outcome. Int J Audiol 2020; 60:44-53. [PMID: 32687006 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2020.1789922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically investigate the ototoxic potential of cobalt in patients with a metal-on-metal (MoM) hip implant, using objective auditory and vestibular assessments and a questionnaire. The results of the objective evaluation were published previously, whereas the current study focused on the questionnaire outcome and its relationship to the blood cobalt level. Design and study sample: Twenty patients (33-65 years) with a primary MoM hip implant and 20 non-implanted control subjects, matched for age, gender, and noise exposure, received a questionnaire to evaluate the presence of several hearing and balance symptoms (part 1) and general neurological issues (part 2). RESULTS Concerning part 1, the proportion of auditory-related symptoms in general (p = 0.022) and tinnitus (p = 0.047) was significantly higher in the MoM patient group, whereas no group difference was found for hyperacusis, increased listening effort, and decreased speech understanding. Concerning part 2, no significant group differences were detected. Within the MoM patient group, the questionnaire outcome was not significantly different between the low-exposure and high-exposure subgroups according to the blood Co level. CONCLUSIONS In line with our previous study, these results potentially imply Co-induced impairment to the auditory system, despite the lack of a clear dose-response relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Leyssens
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Vinck
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Ingeborg Dhooge
- Department of Ear Nose Throat, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Floris L Wuyts
- Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Leen K Maes
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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Bridges RL, Cho CS, Beck MR, Gessner BD, Tower SS. F-18 FDG PET brain imaging in symptomatic arthroprosthetic cobaltism. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 47:1961-1970. [PMID: 31863138 PMCID: PMC7299907 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04648-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Imaging studies of cobalt toxicity from cobalt-chromium alloy arthroprosthetics have focused on the local intra-articular and peri-articular presentation from failing joint replacements. Most studies investigating neurological findings have been small case series focused on the clinical findings of memory loss, diminished executive function, tremor, hearing and vision loss, depression, and emotional lability. This study utilizes software-based quantitative analysis of brain metabolism to assess the degree of hypometabolism and areas of susceptibility, determine if a pattern of involvement exists, and measure reversibility of findings after prosthetic revision to cobalt-free appliances. METHODS Over 48 months, 247 consecutive patients presenting to an orthopedic clinic with an arthroprosthetic joint containing any cobalt-chromium part were screened with whole blood and urine cobalt levels. A clinically validated inventory of 10 symptoms was obtained. Symptomatic patients with a blood cobalt level above 0.4 mcg/L or urine cobalt greater than 1 mcg/L underwent F-18 FDG PET brain imaging. Analysis was performed with FDA-approved quantitative brain analysis software with the pons as the reference region. Control group was the normal brain atlas within the software. RESULTS Of the 247 consecutively screened patients, 123 had blood and urine cobalt levels above the threshold. The 69 scanned patients had statistically significant regional hypometabolism and higher symptoms inventory. Fifty-seven patients were retained in the study. Distribution of hypometabolism was in descending order: temporal, frontal, Broca's areas, anterior cingulate, parietal, posterior cingulate, visual, sensorimotor, thalamic, and lastly caudate. Metal-on-metal (MoM) and metal-on-plastic (MoP) joint replacements produced similar patterns of hypometabolism. Of 15 patients with necessary revision surgery, 8 demonstrated improved metabolism when later re-scanned. CONCLUSION All scanned patients had regions of significant hypometabolism. Neurological toxicity from elevated systemic cobalt levels following arthroprosthetic joint replacement has a pattern of regional susceptibility similar to heavy metals and solvents, differing from classical dementias and may occur at blood and urine cobalt levels as low as 0.4 mcg/L and 1 mcg/L, respectively. Presently accepted thresholds for cobalt exposure and monitoring may need revision. Quantitative F-18 FDG PET brain imaging may aid in the decision process for treatment options and timing of possible medical versus surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Bridges
- Aegis Imaging Consultants, LLC, P.O. Box 751, 170 Cervin Circle, Girdwood, AK, 99587, USA.
| | - Christina S Cho
- Aegis Imaging Consultants, LLC, P.O. Box 751, 170 Cervin Circle, Girdwood, AK, 99587, USA
- Tower Joint Replacement Clinic, Inc., Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Marc R Beck
- Aegis Imaging Consultants, LLC, P.O. Box 751, 170 Cervin Circle, Girdwood, AK, 99587, USA
- Turnagain Radiology Associates, LLC, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Bradford D Gessner
- Aegis Imaging Consultants, LLC, P.O. Box 751, 170 Cervin Circle, Girdwood, AK, 99587, USA
- EpiVac Consulting Services, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Stephen S Tower
- Aegis Imaging Consultants, LLC, P.O. Box 751, 170 Cervin Circle, Girdwood, AK, 99587, USA
- Tower Joint Replacement Clinic, Inc., Anchorage, AK, USA
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Biglia A, Morandi V, Monti S, Delvino P, Cavagna L, Montecucco C. Cobalt hip prosthesis intoxication mimicking an autoimmune disease. Joint Bone Spine 2020; 87:652-654. [PMID: 32534197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt-containing hip prosthesis may cause systemic toxicity due to the release of cobalt from metal-on-metal (MoM) joint arthroplasty into the bloodstream. High cobalt blood levels can lead to a variety of clinical manifestations, mimicking other disorders, especially autoimmune, hematologic, and infectious diseases. Our purpose is to describe a clinical case of cobalt hip prosthesis intoxication mimicking an autoimmune disease, with systemic inflammation signs, arthro-myalgias unrelated to overt synovitis, and multiple autoantibody positivity. A 69-years-old woman presented with a 1-year history of right coxalgia, recurrent fever, arthro-myalgias, mediastinal and right iliac reactive lymphadenopathy. She underwent hip replacement surgery seven years earlier. The physical examination was unremarkable except for right hip pain. Laboratory tests showed markedly increased inflammatory indices and microbiological tests were all negative. Ultrasound-guided arthrocentesis of right hip yielded limpid fluid with negative cultures. Increased cobalt levels in plasma and urine showed metal intoxication. Magnetic resonance imaging with metal artifact reduction sequence (MARS) confirmed a periprosthetic mass as usually seen in reaction to metal debris. Prosthesis substitution was performed with a resolution of the clinical picture and normalization of cobalt levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Biglia
- Rheumatology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Valentina Morandi
- Rheumatology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Monti
- Rheumatology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Experimental Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Delvino
- Rheumatology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cavagna
- Rheumatology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlomaurizio Montecucco
- Rheumatology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Arnaud J, Beauval N, Bost M, Fofou-Callierez MB, El Balkhi S, Garnier R, Lelièvre B, Romain S, Ropert Bouchet M, Sadeg N, Goullé JP. Intérêts d’inclure la détermination d’éléments inorganiques à la nomenclature des actes de biologie médicale. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Self-reported systemic complaints in patients with metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty. J Orthop 2020; 18:213-217. [PMID: 32071507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2020.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction An increase in blood serum metal ion levels is seen after implantation of all metal-on-metal (MoM) hip prosthesis. Systemic complaints contributed to raised cobalt ion concentrations in patients with MoM arthroplasty may lead to a variety of symptoms. The aim of this study is to investigate self-reported systemic complaints in association with cobalt ion concentrations in patients with any type of MoM hip prosthesis. Methods A cohort study was conducted. Patients with both unilateral and bilateral, resurfacing and large head metal on metal total hip arthroplasties (LHMoM THA) were included. Cobalt ion concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Based on the known cobalt toxicity symptoms of case-reports and toxicology reports a new non-validated questionnaire was developed. Analysis was performed on two groups; a low cobalt ion concentration group and a high cobalt ion concentration group. Results A total of 62 patients were included with a mean age at surgery of 60.8 ± 9.3 years and a mean follow up of 6.3 ± 1.4 years. Mean cobalt ion concentrations were 104 ± 141 nmol/L (9-833). Based on the different thresholds (120-170 or 220 nmol/L) the low cobalt ion concentration group consisted of 44 (71%), 51 (82%) or 55 (89%) subjects respectively. In the 120 nmol/L and 170 nmol/L thresholds a significant difference in age was found. The composite score for OVS increased from 54% to 57%-68% with rising threshold value, a hint at the correlation between ion concentration and symptom prevalence. Discussion Ocular-vestibular symptoms were more common in high cobalt ion concentration groups for the three threshold levels tested and with increasing prevalence for higher threshold values. With regards to proactively inquired, self-reported symptoms the threshold where effects may be present could be lower than values currently applied in clinical follow-up.
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The Ototoxic Potential of Cobalt From Metal-on-Metal Hip Implants: Objective Auditory and Vestibular Outcome. Ear Hear 2020; 41:217-230. [DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000000747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Kumar S, Nehra M, Kedia D, Dilbaghi N, Tankeshwar K, Kim KH. Nanotechnology-based biomaterials for orthopaedic applications: Recent advances and future prospects. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Reich MS, Javidan P, Garg VK, Copp SN. Chronic Systemic Metal Ion Toxicity from Wear on a Revised Cobalt-chromium Trunnion. J Orthop Case Rep 2019; 9:48-51. [PMID: 31534934 PMCID: PMC6727449 DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2250-0685.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Metal toxicity secondary to corrosion and wear has been reviewed in the arthroplasty literature with evidence supporting dermatologic, neurologic, and cardiac involvement. This is the first report of a novel case with the occurrence of systemic pathology with only mildly elevated serum cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) levels due to trunnion wear in a metal-on-polyethylene articulation. Case Report: A 45-year-old female who had undergone a revision total hip arthroplasty developed concerning dermatologic, neurologic, and cardiac symptoms. Symptoms were initially attributed to an unknown autoimmune etiology. She had mildly elevated cobalt and chromium levels and subsequently underwent a second revision, this time with complete exchange of the cobalt/chromium components. By her 2-month follow-up, she reported partial resolution of symptoms. She continues to improve more than a year postoperatively. Conclusion: Consideration should be given to metal ion toxicity due to trunnion wear in patients with cobalt/chromium femoral components, even with relatively low ion levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Reich
- Department of Orthopaedics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 4801 Alberta Ave, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS116, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pooya Javidan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, 250 Travelodge Dr, El Cajon, CA 92020, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS116, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Vikram K Garg
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Scripps Clinic, 310 Santa Fe Drive, Encinitas, CA 92024, USA
| | - Steven N Copp
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS116, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Kovochich M, Finley BL, Novick R, Monnot AD, Donovan E, Unice KM, Fung ES, Fung D, Paustenbach DJ. Understanding outcomes and toxicological aspects of second generation metal-on-metal hip implants: a state-of-the-art review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 48:853-901. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2018.1563048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Pisanu F, Doria C, Andreozzi M, Bartoli M, Saderi L, Sotgiu G, Tranquilli Leali P. Pleomorphic clinical spectrum of metallosis in total hip arthroplasty. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2018; 43:85-96. [PMID: 30269183 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-018-4176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize the biological effects of metal debris from hip arthroplasties which characterize a polymorphic clinical spectrum of local and remote manifestation. METHODS Retrospective study. Patient, implant, and surgical characteristics were collected, including implant survival, clinical manifestations, cause of arthroplasty revision or implant failure, and peri- and intra-operative complications. The primary endpoint was implant survivorship. Hip revision arthroplasty was decided considering clinical signs and symptoms, abnormal imaging (XR, MR, TC, echotomography, scintigraphy), and blood metal ion level. An ad hoc electronic form was used to collect demographic, epidemiological, and clinical variables. In-between group comparisons of quantitative variables were performed with the Student t test and the Mann-Whitney for parametric and non-parametric variables, respectively. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the relationship between clinical and radiographic characteristics and stem and cup revision. Radiographic measurements of implant positioning validity and reliability were assessed using Krippendorff's alpha reliability coefficient. The statistical software STATA version 15 (StatsCorp, TX) was used to perform statistical computations. RESULTS In this MoM THA series, the most incident cause of implant failure was ARMD in 11 out of 14 (78.6%) patients. All clinical failure manifestations, revision surgery highlights, and intra-operative findings are reported. CONCLUSIONS The local adverse reactions include lesions of different clinical relevance from small asymptomatic soft tissue lesions to dramatic osteolysis, necrosis, effusion, and growing masses which can cause secondary pathological effects. Symptoms of systemic toxicity are rarely described but may have been largely unreported in literature. Despite the extensive literature on the topic, the patient's management is still uncertain and challenging. Every metallic implant (e.g., screws, plates, spinal instrumentations) has a potential local or systemic adverse effect. Organizing a national registry of arthroplasty should be mandatory, in order to collect data about the patients, the surgery, the implanted device (with a careful post-marketing tracking), and the follow-up for all the procedures performed at a national level. The data collected in the registry will allow to analyze the implant survival and to better recognize the undesirable and sometimes unexpected effects of different biomaterials on the whole body.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlo Doria
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Saderi
- Università degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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van Ochten JHM, Arbab D, Eysel P, König DP. Long - term survivorship and clinical results of the navigated withdrawn ASR ™. J Orthop 2018; 15:869-873. [PMID: 30166801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Primary goals of the study were to present the mid - to long - term survivorship and clinical, radiological and metal serological results of the first stem - navigated ASR™ resurfacing at our clinic. Secondary goals were to determine the influence of stem - navigation on the outcome and risk factors for revision in our cohort. Methods From Mai 2006 to Mai 2009 46 ASR™ resurfacing hip systems have been implanted in 43 patients with a median age of 55 years. At final follow - up (33 patients with a mean follow -up of 89,6 months) guidelines were followed and HHS and HOOS were completed. Inclination, NSA and SSA were measured on radiographs and signs of loosening were graded. Risk factors for revision were compared in the non - revision and revision group. Results Mean cumulative survival of the prosthesis after 99,9 Months was 81,8%. At final follow - up 8 revisions were performed. Median HHS was 97, HOOS was 87,2. Four prostheses showed signs of loosening and nine heterotopic ossifications. All shaft components, except one, were placed in minimal valgus position to avoid risk for fracture. Age and diameter of the femoral component were significantly different between the non - revision and revision group. Discussion Survivorship is comparable to numbers found in other studies. Patients with complete final follow - up in general had good objective and subjective scores and few signs of loosening in the radiological follow - up. Navigation might have a positive effect on reduction of risk for fracture. Age and diameter of the femoral component seem to influence the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes H M van Ochten
- Center for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Städtisches Krankenhaus Nettetal, Sassenfelder Kirchweg 1, 41334, Nettetal, Germany
| | - Dariusch Arbab
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Klinikum Dortmund, Member Faculty of Health Witten/Herdecke University, Beurhausstraße 40, 44137, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Peer Eysel
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Joseph - Stelzmann - Straße 9, 50924, Köln, Germany
| | - Dietmar P König
- LVR Clinic of Orthopedic Surgery, Horionstraße 2, 41479, Viersen, Germany
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Cobalt and nickel affect the fluidity of negatively-charged biomimetic membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 210:28-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Fung ES, Monnot A, Kovochich M, Unice KM, Tvermoes BE, Galbraith D, Finley BL, Paustenbach DJ. Characteristics of Cobalt-Related Cardiomyopathy in Metal Hip Implant Patients: An Evaluation of 15 Published Reports. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2017; 18:206-220. [PMID: 29188590 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9433-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over 300,000 hip replacements occurred in the USA in 2010, and the frequency is likely increasing annually. Blood Cobalt (Co) concentrations in patients with well-functioning cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) hip implants are usually elevated above background concentrations relative to the general population. Excessive Co exposure, in rare cases, can result in cardiomyopathy. The purpose of this review was to identify cases of cardiomyopathy in metal-containing hip implant patients and to evaluate the possible cause of each patient's cardiomyopathy. We evaluated 15 cases published between 2009 and 2016, and, based on a review of the preexisting risk factors, blood Co concentrations, and histopathological information published for each patient, they were stratified into one of four categories regarding the association between Co exposure and the development of cardiomyopathy: (1) Co was causal (five cases); (2) Co was contributory (two cases); (3) Co was possibly contributory (six cases); and (4) Co was non-causal (two cases). In all 15 cases, blood Co concentrations (14-6521 μg/L) were elevated beyond levels associated with the majority of metal-containing implant patients (0.1-10 μg/L), and, in many cases, there was evidence of a malfunctioning implant. The data indicate that individuals with well-functioning implants, even those with preexisting risk factors, are at no risk of developing cardiac effects. We conclude that blood Co measurements are informative, but should be interpreted with caution, and in context of other factors evaluated in this analysis. The mere presence of elevated Co is not sufficient to indicate causation for a patient's cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest S Fung
- Cardno ChemRisk, 65 Enterprise, Suite 150, Aliso Viejo, CA, 92656, USA
| | - Andrew Monnot
- Cardno ChemRisk, 101 2nd St. Suite 700, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
| | - Michael Kovochich
- Cardno ChemRisk, 65 Enterprise, Suite 150, Aliso Viejo, CA, 92656, USA.
| | - Kenneth M Unice
- Cardno ChemRisk, 20 Stanwix St. Suite 505, Pittsburgh, PA, 15222, USA
| | - Brooke E Tvermoes
- Cardno ChemRisk, 4940 Pearl East Circle Suite 100, Boulder, CO, 80301, USA.,IBM, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - David Galbraith
- Cardno ChemRisk, 101 2nd St. Suite 700, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
| | - Brent L Finley
- Cardno ChemRisk, 231 Front St. Suite 212, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
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Dartey E, Berlinger B, Weinbruch S, Thomassen Y, Odland JØ, Brox J, Nartey VK, Yeboah FA, Ellingsen DG. Essential and non-essential trace elements among working populations in Ghana. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:279-287. [PMID: 28965588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead battery repair workers (LBRW) and electronic repair workers (ERW) may be exposed to inorganic components during work. This study aimed at determining essential and non-essential trace elements in male LBRW, ERW, referents and a group of female petty traders (FPT) in Kumasi (Ghana), taking into account iron status and inflammation. METHODS Altogether 64 LBRW, 64 ERW, 65 referents and 26 FPT were investigated in this cross-sectional study. Urine, whole blood and serum were collected for determination of trace elements. C-reactive protein and ferritin were determined in serum. RESULTS The LBRW had higher blood concentrations of manganese (B-Mn) and lead (B-Pb) and antimony in urine (U-Sb), and lower concentrations of cobalt in blood (B-Co). Being ERW was associated with higher concentrations of blood cadmium (B-Cd), urinary tin (U-Sn) and serum chromium (S-Cr). Concentrations of selenium (B-Se), Co and mercury (B-Hg) in whole blood and iodine in urine (U-I) were relatively high. Marginal iron status appeared to be a determinant for elevated concentrations of Co in particular, but also Mn and Cd in blood. Systemic inflammation was associated with the concentrations of copper and Se. The concentrations of Hg in whole blood were highly associated with Se and arsenic (As) in whole blood, indicating fish consumption as a common source of intake of these elements. However, Hg in whole blood was only slightly associated with Se in serum. CONCLUSIONS The ERW had elevated concentrations of B-Cd, S-Cr, and U-Sn, while B-Mn, B-Pb, and U-Sb concentrations were higher among the LBRW. Iron status and inflammation had substantial impact on some element concentration. This population had high concentrations of B-Se, B-Hg and B-Co and U-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Dartey
- Faculty of Science and Environment Education, University of Education, Winneba, Mampong, Ashanti, Ghana
| | | | - Stephan Weinbruch
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Jon Ø Odland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jan Brox
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Vincent K Nartey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Francis A Yeboah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Awoyemi OV, Okotie UJ, Oyagbemi AA, Omobowale TO, Asenuga ER, Ola-Davies OE, Ogunpolu BS. Cobalt chloride exposure dose-dependently induced hepatotoxicity through enhancement of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/B-cell associated protein X (BAX) signaling and genotoxicity in Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1899-1907. [PMID: 28303633 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt chloride (CoCl2 ) is one of the many environmental contaminants, used in numerous industrial sectors. It is a pollutant with deadly toxicological consequences both in developing and developed countries. We investigated toxicological impact of CoCl2 on hepatic antioxidant status, apoptosis, and genotoxicity. Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups, 10 rats per group: Group 1 served as control and received clean tap water orally; Group 2 received CoCl2 solution (150 mg/L); Group 3 received CoCl2 solution (300 mg/L); and Group 4 received CoCl2 (600 mg/L) in drinking water for 7 days, respectively. Exposure of rats to CoCl2 led to a significant decline in hepatic antioxidant enzymes together with significant increase in markers of oxidative stress. Immunohistochemistry revealed dose-dependent increase in cyclooxygenase-2 and BAX expressions together with increased frequency of Micronucleated Polychromatic Erythrocytes. Combining all, CoCl2 administration led to hepatic damage through induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ufuoma Jowafe Okotie
- Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Temidayo Olutayo Omobowale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebunoluwa Racheal Asenuga
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Benin, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Blessing Seun Ogunpolu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Leyssens L, Vinck B, Van Der Straeten C, Wuyts F, Maes L. Cobalt toxicity in humans-A review of the potential sources and systemic health effects. Toxicology 2017; 387:43-56. [PMID: 28572025 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt (Co) and its compounds are widely distributed in nature and are part of numerous anthropogenic activities. Although cobalt has a biologically necessary role as metal constituent of vitamin B12, excessive exposure has been shown to induce various adverse health effects. This review provides an extended overview of the possible Co sources and related intake routes, the detection and quantification methods for Co intake and the interpretation thereof, and the reported health effects. The Co sources were allocated to four exposure settings: occupational, environmental, dietary and medical exposure. Oral intake of Co supplements and internal exposure through metal-on-metal (MoM) hip implants deliver the highest systemic Co concentrations. The systemic health effects are characterized by a complex clinical syndrome, mainly including neurological (e.g. hearing and visual impairment), cardiovascular and endocrine deficits. Recently, a biokinetic model has been proposed to characterize the dose-response relationship and effects of chronic exposure. According to the model, health effects are unlikely to occur at blood Co concentrations under 300μg/l (100μg/l respecting a safety factor of 3) in healthy individuals, hematological and endocrine dysfunctions are the primary health endpoints, and chronic exposure to acceptable doses is not expected to pose considerable health hazards. However, toxic reactions at lower doses have been described in several cases of malfunctioning MoM hip implants, which may be explained by certain underlying pathologies that increase the individual susceptibility for Co-induced systemic toxicity. This may be associated with a decrease in Co bound to serum proteins and an increase in free ionic Co2+. As the latter is believed to be the primary toxic form, monitoring of the free fraction of Co2+ might be advisable for future risk assessment. Furthermore, future research should focus on longitudinal studies in the clinical setting of MoM hip implant patients to further elucidate the dose-response discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Leyssens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent (Belgium), Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, University Hospital Ghent, policlinic 1 floor 2, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bart Vinck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent (Belgium), Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, University Hospital Ghent, policlinic 1 floor 2, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Faculty of Humanities, University of Pretoria (South Africa), Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Aula Theatre,University Road, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
| | - Catherine Van Der Straeten
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Musculoskeletal Sciences and Technology, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Campus,7L21 Lab Block, London SW7 2AZ, UK; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent (Belgium), De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Floris Wuyts
- Antwerp University Research center for Equilibrium and Aerospace (AUREA), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Antwerp, Campus Groenenborger, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Physics, University of Antwerp (Belgium), Campus Groenenborger, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Leen Maes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent (Belgium), Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, University Hospital Ghent, policlinic 1 floor 2, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Clinical audiology department, University Hospital Ghent, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Abstract
Cobalt can cause a distinctive, rapidly progressive and reversible depression of cardiac systolic function, which is readily distinguished from other causes of cardiomyopathy. Patients present with the subacute onset of severe heart failure, which is accompanied by hypotension and cyanosis, pericardial effusion, low voltage on the electrocardiogram, marked elevation of serum enzymes, and lactic acidosis. They typically have a history of lethargy, anorexia, and weight loss in the months preceding the illness and exhibit other evidence of cobalt’s effects on the body (eg, polycythemia and goiter). The course of cobalt-related cardiomyopathy may be progressive and fatal, but those who survive and cease exposure generally demonstrate complete resolution of symptoms and recovery of cardiac function. Patients presenting with rapid onset of cardiomyopathy, who also exhibit polycythemia, pericardial effusion, or goiter should be evaluated for cobalt exposure. Exposure can be confirmed by the measurement of cobalt in the serum, but serum levels of the ion are not reliably predictive of clinical cardiotoxicity. The clinical emergence of cobalt cardiomyopathy seems to require the coexistence of one or more cofactors, particularly a low-protein diet, thiamine deficiency, alcoholism, and hypothyroidism. As the medicinal use of cobalt has waned and measures to reduce industrial exposure have been implemented, subacute cobalt-related cardiomyopathy had become rare. However, reports describing classical features of the disease have recently surged among patients with a malfunctioning cobalt-alloy hip prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- From the Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Abstract
The placement of a hip prosthesis is one of the most common orthopedic surgical procedures. Some implants contain metal and are therefore capable of releasing metal particles like cobalt in patients who wear metal prostheses. Cobalt can be responsible of local toxicity (including metallosis, hypersensitivity reaction, and benign tumor) or systemic toxicity (including cardiomyopathy, polycythemia, hypothyroidism, and neurological disorders). To monitor potential toxicity of metal hip prostheses, an annual monitoring of patients implanted is recommended and includes clinical examination, radiological examination and blood cobalt determination. The cobalt concentration in blood allows to estimate the risk of toxicity and to evaluate the performance of the implant. The currently recommended threshold value is equal to 7 µg of cobalt per liter of blood. Our study, conducted on 251 patients over a period of 4 years, has shown that the cobalt concentration average was 2.51 µg/l in blood, with 51 patients having a cobaltemia higher than the threshold of 7 µg/l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Mistretta
- Service de toxicologie clinique, médico-légale, de l'environnement et en entreprise, CHU Sart-Tilman, 1 avenue de l'Hôpital, 4000 Liège, Belgique
| | - William Kurth
- Service de chirurgie de l'appareil locomoteur, CHU Sart-Tilman, 1 avenue de l'Hôpital, 4000 Liège, Belgique
| | - Corinne Charlier
- Service de toxicologie clinique, médico-légale, de l'environnement et en entreprise, CHU Sart-Tilman, 1 avenue de l'Hôpital, 4000 Liège, Belgique
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Fox KA, Phillips TM, Yanta JH, Abesamis MG. Fatal cobalt toxicity after total hip arthroplasty revision for fractured ceramic components. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2016; 54:874-877. [DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2016.1214274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A. Fox
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Todd M. Phillips
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph H. Yanta
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael G. Abesamis
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Facchin F, Catalani S, Bianconi E, Pasquale DD, Stea S, Toni A, Canaider S, Beraudi A. Albumin as marker for susceptibility to metal ions in metal-on-metal hip prosthesis patients. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:319-327. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327116650011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metal-on-metal (MoM) hip prostheses are known to release chromium and cobalt (Co), which negatively affect the health status, leading to prosthesis explant. Albumin (ALB) is the main serum protein-binding divalent transition metals. Its binding capacity can be affected by gene mutations or modification of the protein N-terminal region, giving the ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA). This study evaluated ALB, at gene and protein level, as marker of individual susceptibility to Co in MoM patients, to understand whether it could be responsible for the different management of this ion. Co was measured in whole blood, serum and urine of 40 MoM patients. A mutational screening of ALB was performed to detect links between mutations and metal binding. Finally, serum concentration of total ALB and IMA were measured. Serum total ALB concentration was in the normal range for all patients. None of the subjects presented mutations in the investigated gene. Whole blood, serum and urine Co did not correlate with serum total ALB or IMA, although IMA was above the normal limit in most subjects. The individual susceptibility is very important for patients’ health status. Despite the limited results of this study, we provide indications on possible future investigations on the toxicological response to Co.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Facchin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Rome, Italy
| | - S Catalani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Unit of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - E Bianconi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Rome, Italy
| | | | - S Stea
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Toni
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
- Orthopaedic Traumatology and Prosthetic Surgery and Revisions of Hip and Knee Implants, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Canaider
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Rome, Italy
| | - A Beraudi
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Bologna, Italy
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Beraudi A, Bianconi E, Catalani S, Canaider S, De Pasquale D, Apostoli P, Bordini B, Stea S, Toni A, Facchin F. In vivo response of heme-oxygenase-1 to metal ions released from metal-on-metal hip prostheses. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:474-80. [PMID: 27176599 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ion release and accumulation is considered to be a factor responsible for the high failure rates of metal-on-metal (MoM) hip implants. Numerous studies have associated the presence of these ions, besides other factors, including a hypoxia‑like response and changes in pH due to metal corrosion leading to the induction of the oxidative stress response. The aim of the present study was to verify whether, in patients with a MoM hip prosthesis, mRNA and protein expression of HMOX‑1 was modulated by the presence of metal ions and whether patients without prostheses exhibit a different expression pattern of this enzyme. The study was conducted on 22 matched pairs of patients with and without prostheses, for a total of 44 samples. Ion dosage was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry equipped with dynamic cell reaction. HMOX‑1 gene expression was quantified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and HMOX‑1 protein expression was analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results demonstrated that although there were significant differences in the metallic ion concentrations amongst the two groups of patients, there was no correlation between circulating levels of cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr), and HMOX‑1 gene and protein expression. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the protein expression levels of HMOX‑1 between the two groups. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that circulating Co and Cr ions released by articular prosthetics do not induce an increase in HMOX‑1 mRNA and protein expression at least 3.5 years after the implant insertion. The present study suggests that involvement of HMOX‑1 may be excluded from future studies and suggests that other antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Beraudi
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT Department ‑ Research, Innovation and Technology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, I‑40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eva Bianconi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, (DIMES), Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, I‑40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Catalani
- Unit of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, I‑25100 Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Canaider
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, (DIMES), Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, I‑40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Dalila De Pasquale
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT Department ‑ Research, Innovation and Technology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, I‑40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Apostoli
- Unit of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, I‑25100 Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Bordini
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT Department ‑ Research, Innovation and Technology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, I‑40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Susanna Stea
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT Department ‑ Research, Innovation and Technology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, I‑40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Aldo Toni
- Medical Technology Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT Department ‑ Research, Innovation and Technology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, I‑40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Facchin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, (DIMES), Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, I‑40136 Bologna, Italy
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Zywiel MG, Cherian JJ, Banerjee S, Cheung AC, Wong F, Butany J, Gilbert C, Overgaard C, Syed K, Jacobs JJ, Mont MA. Systemic cobalt toxicity from total hip arthroplasties. Bone Joint J 2016; 98-B:14-20. [PMID: 26733510 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.98b1.36712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
As adverse events related to metal on metal hip arthroplasty have been better understood, there has been increased interest in toxicity related to the high circulating levels of cobalt ions. However, distinguishing true toxicity from benign elevations in cobalt levels can be challenging. The purpose of this review is to examine the use of cobalt alloys in total hip arthroplasty, to review the methods of measuring circulating cobalt levels, to define a level of cobalt which is considered pathological and to review the pathophysiology, risk factors and treatment of cobalt toxicity. To the best of our knowledge, there are 18 published cases where cobalt metal ion toxicity has been attributed to the use of cobalt-chromium alloys in hip arthroplasty. Of these cases, the great majority reported systemic toxic reactions at serum cobalt levels more than 100 μg/L. This review highlights some of the clinical features of cobalt toxicity, with the goal that early awareness may decrease the risk factors for the development of cobalt toxicity and/or reduce its severity. Take home message: Severe adverse events can arise from the release of cobalt from metal-on-metal arthroplasties, and as such, orthopaedic surgeons should not only be aware of the presenting problems, but also have the knowledge to treat appropriately. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:14–20.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Zywiel
- University of Toronto, 100
College Street Room 302, Toronto, Ontario, M5G
1L5, Canada
| | - J. J. Cherian
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4190
City Line Ave, Philadelphia, PA
19131, USA
| | - S. Banerjee
- Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, 2401
West Belvedere Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA
| | - A. C. Cheung
- University of Toronto, 200
Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G
2C4, Canada
| | - F. Wong
- University of Toronto, 200
Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G
2C4, Canada
| | - J. Butany
- University of Toronto, 200
Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G
2C4, Canada
| | - C. Gilbert
- University of Toronto, 200
Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G
2C4, Canada
| | - C. Overgaard
- University of Toronto, 200
Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G
2C4, Canada
| | - K. Syed
- University of Toronto, 100
College Street Room 302, Toronto, Ontario, M5G
1L5, Canada
| | - J. J. Jacobs
- Rush
University, 1611 W. Harrison St., Suite
400, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - M. A. Mont
- Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, 2401
West Belvedere Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA
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Abstract
A critical evaluation of several recent regulatory risk assessments has been undertaken. These relate to propyl paraben (as a food additive, cosmetic ingredient or pharmaceutical excipient), cobalt (in terms of a safety-based limit for pharmaceuticals) and the cancer Threshold of Toxicological Concern as applied to food contaminants and pharmaceutical impurities. In all cases, a number of concerns can be raised regarding the reliability of the current assessments, some examples being absence of data audits, use of single-dose and/or non-good laboratory practice studies to determine safety metrics, use of a biased data set and questionable methodology and lack of consistency with precedents and regulatory guidance. Drawing on these findings, a set of recommendations is provided to reduce uncertainty and improve the quality and robustness of future regulatory risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- DJ Snodin
- Xiphora Biopharma Consulting, Bristol, UK
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Hip arthroplasty with high chromium and cobalt blood levels – Case report of a patient followed during pregnancy and lactation period. Reprod Toxicol 2015; 53:51-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mistretta V, Charlier C. Le dosage du cobalt dans le sang par ICP-MS : application aux patients porteurs de prothèses de hanche en métal. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Tvermoes BE, Paustenbach DJ, Kerger BD, Finley BL, Unice KM. Review of cobalt toxicokinetics following oral dosing: Implications for health risk assessments and metal-on-metal hip implant patients. Crit Rev Toxicol 2015; 45:367-87. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2014.985818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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