1
|
Li YS, Kawasaki Y, Watanabe S, Ootsuyama Y, Kasai H, Kawai K. Diurnal and day-to-day variation of urinary oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 68:18-22. [PMID: 33536708 PMCID: PMC7844656 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels have been widely used as a biomarker of oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to investigate the diurnal and day-to-day variations of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels. For the diurnal variation, the urine samples were collected at the time of awakening and every 2 h, from 10:00 to 22:00, from 6 healthy participants. For the day-to-day variation, the urine samples were collected at the time of awakening for 35 consecutive days, from 27 healthy participants. As a result, no differences were observed in the diurnal urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels, and each subject had a characteristic 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level. On the other hand, the daily 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine values showed a certain range of variation reflecting lifestyle factors, such as stress status, exercise, sleep time, drinking and diet. In conclusion, urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine may be a useful biomarker to control and prevent oxidative stress-related diseases, if the certain range of day-to-day variations of urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine is known. Even with only one measurement per year, the baseline urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level could be achieved in a few years by incorporating the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine measurement as part of an annual health check. As the number of subjects was limited, further studies are needed for practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Shan Li
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yuya Kawasaki
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Sintaroo Watanabe
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.,Japan Marine United Corporation Kure Shipyard, 2-1 Showa-cho, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0027, Japan
| | - Yuko Ootsuyama
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kasai
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Kawai
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kasai H. What causes human cancer? Approaches from the chemistry of DNA damage. Genes Environ 2016; 38:19. [PMID: 27375797 PMCID: PMC4929788 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-016-0046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To prevent human cancers, environmental mutagens must be identified. A common mechanism of carcinogenesis is DNA damage, and thus it is quite possible that environmental mutagens can be trapped as adducts by DNA components. It is also important to identify new types of DNA damaging reactions and clarify their mechanisms. In this paper, I will provide typical examples of our efforts to identify DNA damage by environmental agents, from chemistry-based studies. 1) Oxidative DNA damage: 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, 8-oxodG) was discovered during a structural study of DNA modifications caused in vitro by heating glucose, which was used as a model of cooked foods. We found that various oxygen radical-forming agents induced the formation of 8-OHdG in DNA, in vitro and in vivo. Analyses of the urinary 8-OHdG levels are useful to assess the extent of oxidative DNA damage in a human population. 2) Lipid peroxide-derived DNA adducts: We searched for mutagens that react with deoxynucleosides, in model systems of lipid peroxidation. The reaction mixtures were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and we discovered various lipid peroxide-derived mutagens, including new mutagens. Some of these adducts were detected in human DNA. These mutagens may be involved in lipid peroxide-related cancers. 3) Methylation of cytosine by free radicals: Methylation of the cytosine C-5 position is an important mechanism of carcinogenesis, in addition to gene mutations. However, the actual mechanisms of de novo methylation in relation to environmental agents are not clear. We found that cytosine C-5 methylation occurred by a free radical mechanism. The possible role of this radical-induced DNA methylation in carcinogenesis will be discussed, in relation to the presently accepted concept of cancer epigenetics. In these studies, chemical analyses of the adducts formed in model reactions led to the discoveries of new mutagens and important types of DNA modifications, which seem to be involved in human carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kasai
- Department of Environmental Oncology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Kitakyushu, Yahatanishi-ku 807-8555 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
8-hydroxyguanine in urine and serum as an oxidative stress marker: effects of diabetes and aging. J UOEH 2013; 35:119-27. [PMID: 23774655 DOI: 10.7888/juoeh.35.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) is the most extensively analyzed oxidative stress marker. Recently, 8-hydroxyguanine (free base: 8-OH-Gua) has been recognized as an oxidative stress marker. To verify the usefulness of 8-OH-Gua, the 8-OH-dG and 8-OH-Gua levels in the urine and the 8-OH-Gua levels in the serum of type 2 diabetic model animals, db/db mice, were measured as oxidative stress markers by a column switching HPLC-system coupled to an electrochemical detector. The urinary 8-OH-Gua and 8-OH-dG levels in db/db mice (7-26 weeks old) were significantly higher than those in control (db/m+) mice. The 8-OH-Gua levels in the serum of the db/db mice were also about 2-fold higher than those in the control mice at 26 weeks of age. In addition, the urinary levels of 8-OH-dG and 8-OH-Gua increased with age (9-26 weeks). A significant positive correlation was obtained between the 8-OH-dG and 8-OH-Gua levels in urine. Although no difference was observed in the 8-OH-dG levels in the liver and kidney DNA between the diabetic and control mice, these results suggested that urinary 8-OH-dG and free base 8-OH-Gua in urine or serum may be good biomarkers of oxidative stress.
Collapse
|
4
|
Li YS, Song MF, Kasai H, Kawai K. Generation and Threshold Level of 8-OHdG as Oxidative DNA Damage Elicited by Low Dose Ionizing Radiation. Genes Environ 2013. [DOI: 10.3123/jemsge.2013.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
5
|
Iwasawa H, Morita E, Yui S, Yamazaki M. Anti-oxidant effects of kiwi fruit in vitro and in vivo. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:128-34. [PMID: 21212530 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that kiwi fruit is rich in polyphenols and has immunostimulatory activity. Polyphenols are widely known for having anti-oxidant effects. We also revealed potential anti-oxidant effects of kiwi fruit in vivo by oral administration to mice. Here, we compared the anti-oxidant effects of kiwi fruit with those of other fruits in vitro. Then, we examined the inhibitory effects of kiwi fruit on oxidation in the human body. There are two varieties of kiwi fruit, green kiwi and gold kiwi. We also examined variation between these varieties. Comparison of the anti-oxidant effects in vitro demonstrated that kiwi fruit had stronger anti-oxidant effects than orange and grapefruit, which are rich in vitamin C; gold kiwi had the strongest anti-oxidant effects. Kiwi fruit inhibited oxidation of biological substances in the human body. In particular, kiwi fruit may inhibit early lipid oxidation. In this study, kiwi fruit had strong anti-oxidant effects and may prevent the development and deterioration of diseases caused by oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruyo Iwasawa
- Center for Educational Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173–8605, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|