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Thornton JA, Koc ZC, Sollars VE, Valentovic MA, Denvir J, Wilkinson J, Koc EC. Alcohol- and Low-Iron Induced Changes in Antioxidant and Energy Metabolism Associated with Protein Lys Acetylation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8344. [PMID: 39125916 PMCID: PMC11312970 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the role of iron in ethanol-derived hepatic stress could help elucidate the efficacy of dietary or clinical interventions designed to minimize liver damage from chronic alcohol consumption. We hypothesized that normal levels of iron are involved in ethanol-derived liver damage and reduced dietary iron intake would lower the damage caused by ethanol. We used a pair-fed mouse model utilizing basal Lieber-DeCarli liquid diets for 22 weeks to test this hypothesis. In our mouse model, chronic ethanol exposure led to mild hepatic stress possibly characteristic of early-stage alcoholic liver disease, seen as increases in liver-to-body weight ratios. Dietary iron restriction caused a slight decrease in non-heme iron and ferritin (FeRL) expression while it increased transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression without changing ferroportin 1 (FPN1) expression. It also elevated protein lysine acetylation to a more significant level than in ethanol-fed mice under normal dietary iron conditions. Interestingly, iron restriction led to an additional reduction in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and NADH levels. Consistent with this observation, the major mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase, NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), expression was significantly reduced causing increased protein lysine acetylation in ethanol-fed mice at normal and low-iron conditions. In addition, the detection of superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 levels (SOD1 and SOD2) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex activities allowed us to evaluate the changes in antioxidant and energy metabolism regulated by ethanol consumption at normal and low-iron conditions. We observed that the ethanol-fed mice had mild liver damage associated with reduced energy and antioxidant metabolism. On the other hand, iron restriction may exacerbate certain activities of ethanol further, such as increased protein lysine acetylation and reduced antioxidant metabolism. This metabolic change may prove a barrier to the effectiveness of dietary reduction of iron intake as a preventative measure in chronic alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - John Wilkinson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA (V.E.S.)
| | - Emine C. Koc
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA (V.E.S.)
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Orel VB, Papazoglou ΑS, Tsagkaris C, Moysidis DV, Papadakos S, Galkin OY, Orel VE, Syvak LA. Nanotherapy based on magneto-mechanochemical modulation of tumor redox state. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1868. [PMID: 36289050 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNs) are typically used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging or as drug carriers with a remotely controlled delivery to the tumor. However, they can also potentiate the action of anticancer drugs under the influence of applied constant magnetic (CMFs) and electromagnetic fields (EMFs). This review demonstrates the role of magneto-mechanochemical effects produced by MNs alone and loaded with anticancer agents (MNCs) in response to CMFs and EMFs for modulation of tumor redox state. The combined treatment is suggested to act by two mechanisms: spin-dependent electron transport propagates free radical chain reactions, while magnetomechanical interactions cause conformational changes in drug molecules loaded onto MNs and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). By adjusting the parameters of CMFs and EMFs during the magneto-mechanochemical synthesis and subsequent treatment, it is possible to modulate ROS production and switch redox signaling involved in ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways from initiation of tumor growth to inhibition. Observations of tumor volume in different animal models and treatment combinations reported a 6%-70% reduction as compared with conventional drugs. Despite these results, there is a general lack of research in magnetic nanotheranostics that link redox changes across multiple levels of organization in the tumor-bearing host. Further multidisciplinary studies with more focus on the relationship between the electron transport processes in biomolecules and their effects on the tumor-host interaction should accelerate the clinical translation of magnetic nanotheranostics. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerii B Orel
- National Cancer Institute, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Christos Tsagkaris
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dimitrios V Moysidis
- Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Olexander Yu Galkin
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valerii E Orel
- National Cancer Institute, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Kyiv, Ukraine
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Sakai A, Yamashita Y, Misumi S, Kishimoto N, Onodera R, Higashi T, Arima H, Motoyama K. Nanoparticles of folic acid-methyl-β-cyclodextrin (FA-MβCD)/adamantane-albumin exhibit enhanced antitumor activity compared with FA-MβCD alone. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 13:233-245. [PMID: 36537756 PMCID: PMC9900082 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular drug carriers are a promising approach for delivering anticancer drugs with high blood retention after administration. We previously synthesized folic acid-modified methyl-β-cyclodextrin (FA-MβCD) as an anticancer drug. FA-MβCD has a selective autophagy-mediated antitumor effect on folic acid receptor (FR)-expressing cancer cells. Here, we enhanced the antitumor effect and safety of FA-MβCD by preparing a supramolecular nanoparticle formulation of FA-MβCD via host-guest interactions using an adamantane conjugate with human serum albumin (Ad-HSA). The Ad-HSA/FA-MβCD supramolecular complex prolonged the blood retention of FA-MβCD and improved its antitumor effect and safety after intravenous administration in tumor-bearing mice xenografted with FR-expressing cancer cells. These results suggest that the supramolecular technique using Ad-HSA is a promising approach for the delivery of CD-based anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Sakai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKumamoto UniversityJapan
| | - Yuki Yamashita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKumamoto UniversityJapan
| | - Shogo Misumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKumamoto UniversityJapan
| | - Naoki Kishimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKumamoto UniversityJapan
| | - Risako Onodera
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKumamoto UniversityJapan
| | - Taishi Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKumamoto UniversityJapan,Priority Organization for Innovation and ExcellenceKumamoto UniversityJapan
| | - Hidetoshi Arima
- Laboratory of Evidence‐Based PharmacotherapyDaiichi University of PharmacyFukuokaJapan
| | - Keiichi Motoyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKumamoto UniversityJapan
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Abbina S, Abbasi U, Gill A, Leitch H, Kizhakkedathu JN. Active transport nanochelators for the reduction of liver iron burden in iron overload. J Control Release 2022; 350:857-869. [PMID: 36058353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Liver dysfunction and failure account for a major portion of premature deaths in patients suffering from various iron associated pathogeneses, particularly primary and secondary iron overload disorders, despite intensive treatment. The liver is a central player in iron homeostasis and a major iron storage organ, and currently, there are no active approaches for the excretion of excess liver iron. Herein, we report a new method for the rapid reduction of iron burden in iron overload diseases by developing a new class of liver targeted nanochelators with favorable pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. The new nanochelators bypass the reticuloendothelial system and specifically target hepatocytes without non-specific accumulation in other organs. The targeted nanochelators bound and neutralized excess iron in the liver and from the vasculature and, eventually leading to rapid hepatobiliary excretion of labile iron. Further, these rapidly excreted nanochelators did not induce toxicity in the liver, were highly cytocompatible in both iron overload and non-loaded conditions, and were promising in mitigating iron triggered free radical oxidative damage. These studies provide key insights into the development of organ targeted nanochelating systems and the rapid reduction of iron burden in vivo. This methodology allows for further development of nanotherapeutics for specific iron overload diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Abbina
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada
| | - Usama Abbasi
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada
| | - Arshdeep Gill
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada; Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Heather Leitch
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada; Hematology, St. Paul's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC., Canada; Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; The School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Imelda E, Idroes R, Khairan K, Lubis RR, Abas AH, Nursalim AJ, Rafi M, Tallei TE. Natural Antioxidant Activities of Plants in Preventing Cataractogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071285. [PMID: 35883773 PMCID: PMC9311900 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A cataract is a condition that causes 17 million people to experience blindness and is the most significant cause of vision loss, around 47.9%. The formation of cataracts is linked to both the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the reduction of endogenous antioxidants. ROS are highly reactive molecules produced by oxygen. Examples of ROS include peroxides, super-oxides, and hydroxyl radicals. ROS are produced in cellular responses to xenobiotics and bacterial invasion and during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Excessive ROS can trigger oxidative stress that initiates the progression of eye lens opacities. ROS and other free radicals are highly reactive molecules because their outer orbitals have one or more unpaired electrons and can be neutralized by electron-donating compounds, such as antioxidants. Examples of natural antioxidant compounds are vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene. Numerous studies have demonstrated that plants contain numerous antioxidant compounds that can be used as cataract preventatives or inhibitors. Natural antioxidant extracts for cataract therapy may be investigated further in light of these findings, which show that consuming a sufficient amount of antioxidant-rich plants is an excellent approach to cataract prevention. Several other natural compounds also prevent cataracts by inhibiting aldose reductase and preventing apoptosis of the eye lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Imelda
- Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia;
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Dr. Zainoel Abidin, Banda Aceh 23126, Indonesia
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Rinaldi Idroes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Khairan Khairan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia;
| | - Rodiah Rahmawaty Lubis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia;
| | - Abdul Hawil Abas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia; (A.H.A.); (T.E.T.)
| | - Ade John Nursalim
- Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou, Manado 955234, Indonesia;
| | - Mohamad Rafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia; (A.H.A.); (T.E.T.)
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Mooli RGR, Mukhi D, Ramakrishnan SK. Oxidative Stress and Redox Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Liver Diseases. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3167-3192. [PMID: 35578969 PMCID: PMC10074426 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The increased production of derivatives of molecular oxygen and nitrogen in the form of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) lead to molecular damage called oxidative stress. Under normal physiological conditions, the ROS generation is tightly regulated in different cells and cellular compartments. Any disturbance in the balance between the cellular generation of ROS and antioxidant balance leads to oxidative stress. In this article, we discuss the sources of ROS (endogenous and exogenous) and antioxidant mechanisms. We also focus on the pathophysiological significance of oxidative stress in various cell types of the liver. Oxidative stress is implicated in the development and progression of various liver diseases. We narrate the master regulators of ROS-mediated signaling and their contribution to liver diseases. Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) are influenced by a "multiple parallel-hit model" in which oxidative stress plays a central role. We highlight the recent findings on the role of oxidative stress in the spectrum of NAFLD, including fibrosis and liver cancer. Finally, we provide a brief overview of oxidative stress biomarkers and their therapeutic applications in various liver-related disorders. Overall, the article sheds light on the significance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of the liver. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3167-3192, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Gopal Reddy Mooli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dhanunjay Mukhi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sadeesh K Ramakrishnan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sumida Y, Yoneda M, Seko Y, Takahashi H, Hara N, Fujii H, Itoh Y, Yoneda M, Nakajima A, Okanoue T. Role of vitamin E in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:391-403. [PMID: 34715296 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and hepatic failure/liver transplantation. Indeed, NASH will soon be the leading cause of HCC and liver transplantation. Lifestyle intervention represents the cornerstone of NASH treatment, but it is difficult to sustain. However, no pharmacotherapies for NASH have been approved. Oxidative stress has been implicated as one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of NASH. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses have confirmed that vitamin E reduces transaminase activities and may resolve NASH histopathology without improving hepatic fibrosis. However, vitamin E is not recommended for the treatment of NASH in diabetes, NAFLD without liver biopsy, NASH cirrhosis, or cryptogenic cirrhosis. Nevertheless, vitamin E supplementation may improve clinical outcomes in patients with NASH and bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis. Further studies are warranted to confirm such effects of vitamin E and that it would reduce overall mortality/morbidity without increasing the incidence of cardiovascular events. Future clinical trials of the use of vitamin E in combination with other anti-fibrotic agents may demonstrate an additive or synergistic therapeutic effect. Vitamin E is the first-line pharmacotherapy for NASH, according to the consensus of global academic societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Sumida
- Division of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Masato Yoneda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Yuya Seko
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | | | - Nagisa Hara
- Liver Center, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Masashi Yoneda
- Division of Hepatology and Pancreatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
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COVID-19-associated-mucormycosis: possible role of free iron uptake and immunosuppression. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:747-754. [PMID: 34709573 PMCID: PMC8552432 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19-associated-mucormycosis, commonly referred to as the "Black Fungus," is a rare secondary fungal infection in COVID-19 patients prompted by a group of mucor molds. Association of this rare fungal infection with SARS-CoV-2 infection has been declared as an endemic in India, with minor cases in several other countries around the globe. Although the fungal infection is not contagious like the viral infection, the causative fungal agent is omnipresent. Infection displays an overall mortality rate of around 50%, with many other secondary side effects posing a potential threat in exacerbating COVID-19 mortality rates. In this review, we have accessed the role of free iron availability in COVID-19 patients that might correlate to the pathogenesis of the causative fungal agent. Besides, we have analyzed the negative consequences of using immunosuppressive drugs in encouraging this opportunistic fungal infection.
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Zhang X, Tian M, Li X, Zheng C, Wang A, Feng J, Hu X, Chang S, Zhang H. Hematopoietic protection and mechanisms of ferrostatin-1 on hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome of mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:464-473. [PMID: 33464146 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1876956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Baicalein (an anti-ferroptosis drug) was recently reported to synergistically improve the survival rate of mice following a high dose of total body irradiation with anti-apoptosis and anti-necroptosis drugs. At the same time, our group has demonstrated that ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor, improves the survival rate of a mouse model of hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome to 60% for 150 days (p < .001). These phenomena suggest that ferroptosis inhibition can mitigate radiation damage. In this study, we continued to study the mechanisms by which ferrostatin-1 alleviated radiation-induced ferroptosis and subsequent hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male ICR mice (8-10 weeks old) were exposed to doses of 0, 8, or 10 Gy irradiated from a 137Cs source. Ferrostatin-1 was intraperitoneally injected into mice 72 h post-irradiation. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) and peripheral blood cells were counted. The changes in iron-related parameters, lipid metabolic enzymes, lipid peroxidation repair molecules (glutathione peroxidase 4, glutathione, and coenzyme Q10), and inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) were evaluated using biochemical or antibody techniques. RESULTS Ferrostatin-1 increased the number of red and white blood cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes in the peripheral blood after total body irradiation in mice by mitigating the ferroptosis of BMMCs. Total body irradiation induced ferroptosis in BMMCs by increasing the iron and lipid peroxidation levels and depleting the acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ASCL4), lipoxygenase 15, glutathione peroxidase 4, and glutathione levels. Ferroptotic BMMCs did not release TNF-α, IL-6, or IL-1β at the early stage of radiation exposure. Ferrostatin-1 mitigated the lipid peroxidation of radiation-induced ferroptosis by attenuating increases in levels of hemosiderin and liable iron pool and decreases in levels of ASCL4 and glutathione peroxidase 4. CONCLUSIONS The onset of total body irradiation-induced ferroptosis in BMMCs involved changes in iron, lipid metabolic enzymes, and anti-lipid peroxidation molecules. Ferrostatin-1 could be a potential radiation mitigation agent by acting on these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing City, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing City, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing City, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mengxin Tian
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing City, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing City, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing City, P. R. China
| | - Ailian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P. R. China
| | - Jundong Feng
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing City, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing City, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Hu
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing City, P. R. China
| | - Shuquan Chang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing City, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Application and Radiation Protection in Astronautics (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing City, P.R. China
| | - Haiqian Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing City, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing City, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
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Dietary infection of Enterobacter ludwigii causes fat accumulation and resulted in the diabetes-like condition in Drosophila melanogaster. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Wake H, Takahashi Y, Yoshii Y, Gao S, Mori S, Wang D, Teshigawara K, Nishibori M. Histidine-rich glycoprotein possesses antioxidant activity through self-oxidation and inhibition of hydroxyl radical production via chelating divalent metal ions in Fenton's reaction. Free Radic Res 2020; 54:649-661. [PMID: 32967483 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2020.1825703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is caused by infections associated with life-threatening multiple organ failure (MOF). Septic MOF appears to be closely related to circulatory failure due to immunothrombosis. This process involves the production of reactive oxygen spices (ROS) in inflammatory sites. Therefore, the detoxification of the systemic excess ROS is important for the improvement of the process in septic pathogenesis. Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), a plasma glycoprotein, ameliorates a septic condition through the suppression of both excess ROS production from neutrophils and immunothrombosis. Hydroxyl radical is known as the most important species among ROS in pathogenesis; however, the direct influence of HRG on hydroxyl radical formation and ROS activity is poorly understood. In this study, we showed that HRG, in a concentration-dependent manner, efficiently inhibited the production of hydroxyl radical induced by the Fenton's reaction through chelation of the divalent iron. HRG also exhibited antioxidant activity against peroxyl radical by oxidation of HRG itself as a substrate; however, it did not show superoxide dismutase and catalase-like activities. Additionally, HRG enhanced glutathione peroxidase, a well-known antioxidant enzyme, activity. These results suggest that HRG may play a unique role in suppression of the production of hydroxyl radicals and subsequent tissue damage at inflammatory sites. Marked reduction in plasma HRG in sepsis might lose such an important protective mechanism. Thus, the present study provides evidence that inhibition of ROS and ROS-production systems by HRG may contribute to antiseptic effects in vivo and that HRG could be potential therapy for ROS-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Wake
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yohei Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yukinori Yoshii
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shangze Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shuji Mori
- Department of Pharmacology, Shujitsu University School of Pharmacy, Okayama, Japan
| | - Dengli Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Teshigawara
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Ścibior A, Hus I, Mańko J, Jawniak D. Evaluation of the level of selected iron-related proteins/receptors in the liver of rats during separate/combined vanadium and magnesium administration. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126550. [PMID: 32464446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current knowledge about the effects of vanadium (V) on iron (Fe)-related proteins and Fe homeostasis (which is regulated at the systemic, organelle, and cellular levels) is still insufficient. OBJECTIVE This fact and our earlier results prompted us to conduct studies with the aim to explain the mechanism of anemia accompanied by a rise in hepatic and splenic Fe deposition in rats receiving sodium metavanadate (SMV) separately and in combination with magnesium sulfate (MS). RESULTS We demonstrated for the first time that SMV (0.125 mg V/mL) administered to rats individually and in conjunction with MS (0.06 mg Mg/mL) for 12 weeks did not cause significant differences in the hepatic hepcidin (Hepc) and hemojuvelin (HJV) concentrations, compared to the control. In comparison with the control, there were no significant changes in the concentration of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) in the liver of rats treated with SMV and MS alone (in both cases only a downward trend of 14% and 15% was observed). However, a significant reduction in the hepatic TfR1 level was found in rats receiving SMV and MS simultaneously. In turn, the concentration of transferrin receptor 2 (TfR2) showed an increasing trend in the liver of rats treated with SMV and/or MS. CONCLUSIONS The experimental data suggest that the pathomechanism of the SMV-induced anemia is not associated with the effect of V on the concentration of Hepc in the liver, as confirmed by the unaltered hepatic HJV and TfR1 levels. Therefore, further studies are needed in order to check whether anemia that developed in the rats at the SMV administration (a) results from the inhibitory effect of V on erythropoietin (EPO) production, (b) is related to the effect of V on the induction of matriptase-2 (TMPRSS6) expression, or (c) is associated with the influence of this metal on haem synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ścibior
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland.
| | - Iwona Hus
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Mańko
- Clinic of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Jawniak
- Clinic of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.
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Stijlemans B, Korf H, De Baetselier P, Brys L, Van Ginderachter JA, Magez S, De Trez C. Hepatocyte-derived IL-10 plays a crucial role in attenuating pathogenicity during the chronic phase of T. congolense infection. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008170. [PMID: 32012211 PMCID: PMC7018099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine African Trypanosomosis is an infectious parasitic disease affecting livestock productivity and thereby impairing the economic development of Sub-Saharan Africa. The most important trypanosome species implicated is T. congolense, causing anemia as most important pathological feature. Using murine models, it was shown that due to the parasite’s efficient immune evasion mechanisms, including (i) antigenic variation of the variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat, (ii) induction of polyclonal B cell activation, (iii) loss of B cell memory and (iv) T cell mediated immunosuppression, disease prevention through vaccination has so far been impossible. In trypanotolerant models a strong, early pro-inflammatory immune response involving IFN-γ, TNF and NO, combined with a strong humoral anti-VSG response, ensures early parasitemia control. This potent protective inflammatory response is counterbalanced by the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, which in turn prevents early death of the host from uncontrolled hyper-inflammation-mediated immunopathologies. Though at this stage different hematopoietic cells, such as NK cells, T cells and B cells as well as myeloid cells (i.e. alternatively activated myeloid cells (M2) or Ly6c- monocytes), were found to produce IL-10, the contribution of non-hematopoietic cells as potential IL-10 source during experimental T. congolense infection has not been addressed. Here, we report for the first time that during the chronic stage of T. congolense infection non-hematopoietic cells constitute an important source of IL-10. Our data shows that hepatocyte-derived IL-10 is mandatory for host survival and is crucial for the control of trypanosomosis-induced inflammation and associated immunopathologies such as anemia, hepatosplenomegaly and excessive tissue injury. Bovine African Trypanosomosis is a parasitic disease of veterinary importance that adversely affects the public health and economic development of sub-Saharan Africa. The most important trypanosome species implicated is T. congolense, causing anemia as most important pathological feature and major cause of death. Using murine models, it was shown that the disease is characterized by a well-timed and balanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokine promoting factors followed by an anti-inflammatory response, involving IL-10. The latter is required to attenuate infection-associated pathogenicity and to prevent early host death from uncontrolled hyper-inflammation mediated immunopathologies. However, the cellular source of IL-10 in vivo and the window within which these cells exert their function during the course of African trypanosomiasis remain poorly understood, which hampers the design of effective therapeutic strategies. Using a T. congolense infection mouse model, relevant for bovine trypanosomosis, we demonstrate that during the chronic stage of infection hepatocyte-derived IL-10, but not myeloid cell-derived IL-10, regulates the main infection-associated immunopathologies and ultimately mediates host survival. Hence, strategies that tilt the balance of hepatocyte cytokine production in favor of IL-10 could majorly impact the wellbeing and survival of T. congolense-infected animals. Given the unmet medical need for this parasite infection, our findings offer promise for improved treatment protocols in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Stijlemans
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Hannelie Korf
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Baetselier
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lea Brys
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jo A. Van Ginderachter
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Magez
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Carl De Trez
- Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
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Sharif Usman S, Dahiru M, Abdullahi B, Abdullahi SB, Maigari UM, Ibrahim Uba A. Status of malondialdehyde, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels/activities in schoolchildren with iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia of Kashere and its environs in Gombe State, Nigeria. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02214. [PMID: 31428716 PMCID: PMC6695283 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) or iron deficiency (ID) is by far the most common form of disorder affecting the cognitive development, physical growth and school performance of children in developing countries including Nigeria. Objectives In the present study, we aimed to examine whether IDA or ID, or both are associated with oxidative stress or otherwise by assessing the perturbations in oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Methods Here, a total of eighty-one IDA, ID, and healthy control subjects of twenty-seven replicates each, were recruited and investigated. Human serum MDA, CAT and SOD levels were quantitatively analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay. Results Mean serum MDA levels of IDA (5.10 ± 2.35 mmol/L) and ID (4.05 ± 1.35 mmol/L) groups were found to perturb significantly (p < 0.05), being higher than those of control (3.30 ± 0.95 mmol/L) subjects. Similarly, mean serum MDA levels of IDA (5.10 ± 2.35 mmol/L) group was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher when compared with ID (4.05 ± 1.35 mmol/L) subjects. Conversely, mean serum CAT and SOD activities of IDA (8.35 ± 2.21 ng/mL and 340.70 ± 153.65 ng/mL) group were found to differ significantly (p < 0.05), and those of ID (9.40 ± 1.47 ng/mL and 435.00 ± 144.75 ng/mL) subjects were found to perturb slightly (p > 0.05), being lower than those of control (10.40 ± 4.31 ng/mL and 482.12 ± 258.37 ng/mL) subjects. Conclusions Taken together, the results of the present study showed that lipid peroxidation was dramatically increased in both IDA and ID subjects in hydroperoxide-superoxide-dependent manner; in contrast, enzymatic antioxidant capacity was drastically decreased in both IDA and ID groups as evidenced by biochemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sani Sharif Usman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Kashere, P.M.B. 0182, Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Musa Dahiru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Kashere, P.M.B. 0182, Gombe, Nigeria
| | - Bashir Abdullahi
- Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Zheng M, Yan X, Bu F, Zhang F, Li Z, Cui J, liu J, Dong M. Structural characterization of Mesobuthus martensii Karsch peptides and anti-inflammatory potency evaluation in human vascular endothelial cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:19365-19374. [PMID: 35519370 PMCID: PMC9065169 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01609k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported that scorpion toxins have excellent anti-cancer effects; however, the anti-inflammatory activity of scorpion peptides has rarely been studied. Here, a series of Mesobuthus martensii Karsch peptides (MMKPs) were isolated and the amino acid sequence was identified. The MMKPs mitigated TNF-α-mediated inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results showed that MMKP-1 (His-Glu-Gly-His) treatment (43.0 μM) significantly attenuated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse in HUVECs. Moreover, MMKP-1 down-regulated the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expressions and blocked the NF-κB pathway to alleviate the damage caused by TNF-α. Of note, our study provides a good reference for the anti-inflammation research on scorpion oligopeptides. Studies have reported that scorpion toxins have excellent anti-cancer effects; however, the anti-inflammatory activity of scorpion peptides has rarely been studied.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zheng
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Xiafeng Yan
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Fanli Bu
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Fenglei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
| | - Jiali Cui
- People's Hospital of Shule County
- Kashi
- China
| | - Jie liu
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- School of Medicine
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Minya Dong
- Department of Cardiology
- Dongying People's Hospital
- Dongying
- China
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16
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Lewandowska H, Stępkowski TM, Męczyńska-Wielgosz S, Sikorska K, Sadło J, Dudek J, Kruszewski M. LDL dinitrosyl iron complex acts as an iron donor in mouse macrophages. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 188:29-37. [PMID: 30119015 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
[Fe(NO)2] - modified nanoparticles of low-density protein (DNICLDL) can serve as conveyors of iron in the form of stable complexes with ApoB100 protein. As reported recently, in human hepatoma cells DNICLDL significantly increased the total iron content, while showing low toxicity. In the present work, we focused on the effects of internalization of DNIC-modified lipoproteins in macrophages, with special regards to cytotoxicity. DNICLDL was administered to a model macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7. Administration of DNICLDL considerably increased total iron content. High increase of iron was accompanied by moderate toxicity. As shown by in vitro plasmid nicking assay, chelation of iron in the form of DNIC strongly reduced the iron-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) -induced DNA damage. In addition, DNICLDL, plausibly due to its NO-donating activity, did not induce inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, as opposed to other forms of low-density protein (LDL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lewandowska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz M Stępkowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Centre of New Technologies UW, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Sikorska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sadło
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Dudek
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Str., 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, ul. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland; Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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17
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An ellagic acid isolated from Clerodendrum viscosum leaves ameliorates iron-overload induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice through inhibition of oxidative stress and the apoptotic pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:454-465. [PMID: 29990833 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is a vital element required for normal cellular physiology in animal systems, but excess iron accumulation in the biological system accelerates oxidative stress, cellular toxicity, tissue injury and organ fibrosis, which ultimately leads to the generation of chronic liver diseases including cancer. A natural antioxidant, ellagic acid (EA) has been previously reported for its pharmacological properties; however, there is no significant evidence available that could illustrate its protective potential against iron-overload induced hepatotoxicity. In the present work, EA was evaluated for its in vitro free radical scavenging and iron chelation potentials. Further, EA was tested in vivo for its protective activity against iron overload-induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice by evaluating liver iron content, reactive oxygen species (ROS), liver antioxidant enzymes, serum marker levels, liver damage and fibrosis, histopathological study and finally western blotting analysis. EA treatment significantly decreased liver iron and serum ferritin levels. Elevated ROS levels, decreased antioxidant parameters and elevated serum markers were normalized upon treatment with EA. Cellular morphology, iron -overload and liver fibrosis were found to be effectively ameliorated. Finally, the protective effect of EA against iron overload-induced apoptosis was confirmed by western blotting when its treatment upregulated the expressions of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins. EA revealed hepatoprotective activity against iron overload-induced toxicity through scavenging free radicals, inhibiting excess ROS production, normalizing liver damage parameters and upregulating caspase-3, PARP expression. Collectively, our findings support the possible use of the natural antioxidant EA as a promising candidate against iron-overloaded diseases.
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18
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Abstract
Micronutrients are indispensable for adequate metabolism, such as biochemical function and cell production. The production of blood cells is named haematopoiesis and this process is highly consuming due to the rapid turnover of the haematopoietic system and consequent demand for nutrients. It is well established that micronutrients are relevant to blood cell production, although some of the mechanisms of how micronutrients modulate haematopoiesis remain unknown. The aim of the present review is to summarise the effect of Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Co, iodine, P, Se, Cu, Li and Zn on haematopoiesis. This review deals specifically with the physiological requirements of selected micronutrients to haematopoiesis, showing various studies related to the physiological requirements, deficiency or excess of these minerals on haematopoiesis. The literature selected includes studies in animal models and human subjects. In circumstances where these minerals have not been studied for a given condition, no information was used. All the selected minerals have an important role in haematopoiesis by influencing the quality and quantity of blood cell production. In addition, it is highly recommended that the established nutrition recommendations for these minerals be followed, because cases of excess or deficient mineral intake can affect the haematopoiesis process.
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Abstract
With over 1200 species identified, bats represent almost one quarter of the world’s mammals. Bats provide crucial environmental services, such as insect control and pollination, and inhabit a wide variety of ecological niches on all continents except Antarctica. Despite their ubiquity and ecological importance, relatively little has been published on diseases of bats, while much has been written on bats’ role as reservoirs in disease transmission. This chapter will focus on diseases and pathologic processes most commonly reported in captive and free-ranging bats. Unique anatomical and histological features and common infectious and non-infectious diseases will be discussed. As recognition of both the importance and vulnerability of bats grows, particularly following population declines in North America due to the introduction of the fungal disease white-nose syndrome, efforts should be made to better understand threats to the health of this unique group of mammals.
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Wongchitrat P, Klosen P, Pannengpetch S, Kitidee K, Govitrapong P, Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya C. High-fat diet-induced plasma protein and liver changes in obese rats can be attenuated by melatonin supplementation. Nutr Res 2017. [PMID: 28633871 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Obesity triggers changes in protein expression in various organs that might participate in the pathogenesis of obesity. Melatonin has been reported to prevent or attenuate such pathological protein changes in several chronic diseases. However, such melatonin effects on plasma proteins have not yet been studied in an obesity model. Using a proteomic approach, we investigated the effect of melatonin on plasma protein profiles after rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity. We hypothesized that melatonin would attenuate abnormal protein expression in obese rats. After 10weeks of the HFD, animals displayed increased body weight and fat accumulation as well as increased glucose levels, indicating an obesity-induced prediabetes mellitus-like state. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry revealed 12 proteins whose expression was altered in response to the HFD and the melatonin treatment. The altered proteins are related to the development of liver pathology, such as cirrhosis (α1-antiproteinase), thrombosis (fibrinogen, plasminogen), and inflammation (mannose-binding protein A, complement C4, complement factor B), contributing to liver steatosis or hepatic cell death. Melatonin treatment most probably reduced the severity of the HFD-induced obesity by reducing the amplitude of HFD-induced plasma protein changes. In conclusion, we identified several potential biomarkers associated with the progression of obesity and its complications, such as liver damage. Furthermore, our findings reveal melatonin's beneficial effect of attenuating plasma protein changes and liver pathogenesis in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapimpun Wongchitrat
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Rd, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand.
| | - Paul Klosen
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67084, France; Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, 25/25 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Supitcha Pannengpetch
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Rd, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Kuntida Kitidee
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Rd, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Govitrapong
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, 25/25 Phuttamonthon 4 Rd, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand; Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 Rd, Lak Si, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Chartchalerm Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Rd, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand
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Milto IV, Suhodolo IV, Prokopieva VD, Klimenteva TK. Molecular and Cellular Bases of Iron Metabolism in Humans. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 81:549-64. [PMID: 27301283 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916060018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron is a microelement with the most completely studied biological functions. Its wide dissemination in nature and involvement in key metabolic pathways determine the great importance of this metal for uni- and multicellular organisms. The biological role of iron is characterized by its indispensability in cell respiration and various biochemical processes providing normal functioning of cells and organs of the human body. Iron also plays an important role in the generation of free radicals, which under different conditions can be useful or damaging to biomolecules and cells. In the literature, there are many reviews devoted to iron metabolism and its regulation in pro- and eukaryotes. Significant progress has been achieved recently in understanding molecular bases of iron metabolism. The purpose of this review is to systematize available data on mechanisms of iron assimilation, distribution, and elimination from the human body, as well as on its biological importance and on the major iron-containing proteins. The review summarizes recent ideas about iron metabolism. Special attention is paid to mechanisms of iron absorption in the small intestine and to interrelationships of cellular and extracellular pools of this metal in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Milto
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.
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Abstract
Anaemia is a condition in which the number of red cells necessary to meet the body's physiological requirements is insufficient. Iron deficiency anaemia and the anaemia of chronic disease are the two most common causes of anaemia worldwide;1 iron homeostasis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of both diseases. An understanding of how iron studies can be used to distinguish between these diseases is therefore essential not only for diagnosis but also in guiding management. This review will primarily focus on iron deficiency anaemia and anaemia of chronic disease; however, iron overload in anaemia will also be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Y Peng
- The Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Haematology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - James Uprichard
- The Centre for Haemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Haematology, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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Takami T, Yamasaki T, Saeki I, Matsumoto T, Suehiro Y, Sakaida I. Supportive therapies for prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and preservation of liver function. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:7252-7263. [PMID: 27621572 PMCID: PMC4997645 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i32.7252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers in the world and is associated with a high risk of recurrence. The development of a wide range of new therapies is therefore essential. In this study, from the perspective of supportive therapy for the prevention of HCC recurrence and preservation of liver function in HCC patients, we surveyed a variety of different therapeutic agents. We show that branched chain amino acids (BCAA) supplementation and late evening snack with BCAA, strategies that address issues of protein-energy malnutrition, are important for liver cirrhotic patients with HCC. For chemoprevention of HCC recurrence, we show that viral control after radical treatment is important. We also reviewed the therapeutic potential of antiviral drugs, sorafenib, peretinoin, iron chelators. Sorafenib is a kinase inhibitor and a standard therapy in the treatment of advanced HCC. Peretinoin is a vitamin A-like molecule that targets the retinoid nuclear receptor to induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor growth in HCC cells. Iron chelators, such as deferoxamine and deferasirox, act to prevent cancer cell growth. These chelators may have potential as combination therapies in conjunction with peretinoin. Finally, we review the potential inhibitory effect of bone marrow cells on hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Wang B, Zhu Y, Zhang H, Liu L, Li G, Song Y, Li Y. Effects of aluminum chloride on serum proteins, bilirubin, and hepatic trace elements in chickens. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 32:1693-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233715578035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to reveal the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) on the hepatic metabolism function and trace elements’ distribution. Two hundred healthy male chickens (1 day old) were intraperitoneally administered with AlCl3 (0, 18.31, 27.47, and 36.62 mg kg−1 day−1 of Al3+) consecutively for 3 days. Then the chickens were allowed to rest for 1 day. The cycle lasted four days. The cycle was repeated 15 times (60 days). The contents of serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBI), direct bilirubin (DBI), hepatic aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) were examined. The results showed that the contents of serum TP and ALB and hepatic Fe and Zn decreased and the contents of serum TBI and DBI and hepatic Al and Cu increased in the chickens with AlCl3. This indicates that chronic administration of AlCl3 impairs the hepatic metabolism function and disorders the hepatic trace elements’ distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Science and Technology Vocational College, Jilin, China
| | - Yanzhu Zhu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Science and Technology Vocational College, Jilin, China
| | - Liming Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Science and Technology Vocational College, Jilin, China
| | - Guojiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Science and Technology Vocational College, Jilin, China
| | - Yongli Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Science and Technology Vocational College, Jilin, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Yamamoto N, Yamasaki T, Takami T, Uchida K, Fujisawa K, Matsumoto T, Saeki I, Terai S, Sakaida I. Deferasirox, an oral iron chelator, prevents hepatocarcinogenesis and adverse effects of sorafenib. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 58:202-9. [PMID: 27257345 PMCID: PMC4865599 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.15-127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sorafenib is expected to have a chemopreventive effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence, there are limitations to its use because of adverse effects, including effects on liver function. We have reported that the iron chelator, deferoxamine can prevent liver fibrosis and preneoplastic lesions. We investigated the influence of administering a new oral iron chelator, deferasirox (DFX), on the effects of sorafenib. We used the choline-deficient l-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet-induced rat liver fibrosis and HCC model. We divided rats into four groups: CDAA diet only (control group), CDAA diet with sorafenib (sorafenib group), CDAA diet with DFX (DFX group), and CDAA diet with DFX and sorafenib (DFX + sorafenib group). Liver fibrosis and development of preneoplastic lesions were assessed. In addition, we assessed adverse effects such as changes in body and liver weight, skin damage (eruption, dryness, and hair loss), which is defined as hand-foot skin syndrome, in the sorafenib and DFX + sorafenib groups. The combination of DFX + sorafenib markedly prevented liver fibrosis and preneoplastic lesions better than the other treatments. Furthermore, the combination therapy significantly decreased adverse effects compared with the sorafenib group. In conclusion, the combination therapy with DFX and sorafenib may be a useful adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence after curative treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; Yamaguchi University Health Administration Center, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Taro Takami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Koichi Uchida
- Department of Human Nutrition Faculty of Nursing and Human Nutrition, Yamaguchi Prefectural University, 3-2-1 Sakurabatake, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8502, Japan
| | - Koichi Fujisawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; Center of Research and Education for Regenerative Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan; Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Issei Saeki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Isao Sakaida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
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Punduk Z, Oral O, Ozkayin N, Rahman K, Varol R. Single dose of intra-muscular platelet rich plasma reverses the increase in plasma iron levels in exercise-induced muscle damage: A pilot study. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2016; 5:109-114. [PMID: 30356475 PMCID: PMC6188580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet rich plasma (PRP) therapy is widely used in enhancing the recovery of skeletal muscle from injury. However, the impact of intramuscular delivery of PRP on hematologic and biochemical responses has not been fully elucidated in exercise-induced muscle damage. The purpose of this investigation the effects of intramuscular delivery of PRP on hematologic and biochemical responses and recovery strategy muscle damage induced by high intensity muscle exercise (exercise-induced muscle damage, EIMD). METHODS Moderately active male volunteers participated in this study and were assigned to a control group (control, n = 6) and PRP administration group (PRP, n = 6). The subjects performed exercise with a load of 80% one repetition maximum (1RM) maximal voluntary contraction of the elbow flexors until point of exhaustion of the non-dominant arm was reached. The arms were treated with saline or autologous PRP post-24 h EIMD. Venous blood samples were obtained in the morning to establish a baseline value and 1-4 days post-exercise and were analyzed for serum ferritin, iron, iron binding capacity (IBC), creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). RESULTS The baseline levels of plasma iron, ferritin, IBC, CK, LDH, AST, and ALT were similar in both the control and PRP groups. However, 24-h following exercise a significant increase in these parameters was observed in both groups between 1 and 4 days during the recovery period. Interestingly, PRP administration decreased plasma iron levels compared to the control on the second day post-exercise. Plasma IBC increased in PRP group from Days 2 to 4 post-exercise compared to the control group whilst PRP administration had no effect on plasma ferritin, CK, AST, ALT, or LDH. CONCLUSION Acute exhaustive exercise increased muscle damage markers, including plasma iron, IBC, and ferritin levels, indicating muscle damage induced by exercise. PRP administration improves inflammation by reversing the increase in the iron levels post-exercise without displaying any myotoxicity and may have a role to play in the recovery of exercise-induced muscle damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekine Punduk
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Balikesir, Balikesir 10100, Turkey
| | - Onur Oral
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Ege, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Nadir Ozkayin
- Medical Faculty, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Ege, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Khalid Rahman
- Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Rana Varol
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Ege, Izmir 35040, Turkey
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Renal functional and structural integrity in infants with iron deficiency anemia: relation to oxidative stress and response to iron therapy. Pediatr Nephrol 2015; 30:1835-42. [PMID: 25980471 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare renal functional and structural integrity in 50 infants with IDA and 50 healthy controls and to assess the relation between IDA and oxidative stress and response to iron therapy. METHODS This was a prospective study in which peripheral blood samples were collected from all study subjects and the following laboratory investigations performed: serum iron profile, urinary microalbumin, urinary leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), fractional excretion of sodium (FeNa), serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), serum malondialdehyde (MDA), serum and urinary trace elements (iron, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium). All patients received oral iron therapy and were followed-up for 3 months. RESULTS The levels of baseline urinary markers were higher among the patients with IDA than among the controls (p < 0.05). Patients had a lower pre-therapy TAC and lower serum zinc and magnesium levels than controls as well as higher MDA and serum copper levels (p < 0.05). MDA level was positively correlated to microalbumin and LAP level (p < 0.05). Urinary LAP concentration was positively correlated to urinary trace element concentrations (p < 0.05). A significant decrease in microalbumin, LAP, FeNa, and urinary trace elements was observed post-iron therapy while hemoglobin and ferritin levels were increased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Among the study subjects, IDA had an adverse influence on renal functional and structural integrity which could be reversed with iron therapy. Oxidative stress played an important role in the pathogenesis of renal injury in IDA.
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Kulminski AM, Culminskaya I, Arbeev KG, Arbeeva L, Ukraintseva SV, Stallard E, Wu D, Yashin AI. Birth Cohort, Age, and Sex Strongly Modulate Effects of Lipid Risk Alleles Identified in Genome-Wide Association Studies. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136319. [PMID: 26295473 PMCID: PMC4546650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insights into genetic origin of diseases and related traits could substantially impact strategies for improving human health. The results of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are often positioned as discoveries of unconditional risk alleles of complex health traits. We re-analyzed the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with total cholesterol (TC) in a large-scale GWAS meta-analysis. We focused on three generations of genotyped participants of the Framingham Heart Study (FHS). We show that the effects of all ten directly-genotyped SNPs were clustered in different FHS generations and/or birth cohorts in a sex-specific or sex-unspecific manner. The sample size and procedure-therapeutic issues play, at most, a minor role in this clustering. An important result was clustering of significant associations with the strongest effects in the youngest, or 3rd Generation, cohort. These results imply that an assumption of unconditional connections of these SNPs with TC is generally implausible and that a demographic perspective can substantially improve GWAS efficiency. The analyses of genetic effects in age-matched samples suggest a role of environmental and age-related mechanisms in the associations of different SNPs with TC. Analysis of the literature supports systemic roles for genes for these SNPs beyond those related to lipid metabolism. Our analyses reveal strong antagonistic effects of rs2479409 (the PCSK9 gene) that cautions strategies aimed at targeting this gene in the next generation of lipid drugs. Our results suggest that standard GWAS strategies need to be advanced in order to appropriately address the problem of genetic susceptibility to complex traits that is imperative for translation to health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Kulminski
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708–0408, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Irina Culminskaya
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708–0408, United States of America
| | - Konstantin G. Arbeev
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708–0408, United States of America
| | - Liubov Arbeeva
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708–0408, United States of America
| | - Svetlana V. Ukraintseva
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708–0408, United States of America
| | - Eric Stallard
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708–0408, United States of America
| | - Deqing Wu
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708–0408, United States of America
| | - Anatoliy I. Yashin
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708–0408, United States of America
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akihiko Ohshige
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Hirofumi Uto
- Center for Digestive and Liver Diseases, Miyazaki Medical Center Hospital
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Razzaq Z, Malik A. Viral load is associated with abnormal serum levels of micronutrients and glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes in genotype 3 HCV patients. BBA CLINICAL 2014; 2:72-8. [PMID: 26674880 PMCID: PMC4633942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress in hepatitis C patients has been linked to hepatitis C virus. We verified this assumption in HCV genotype 3 patients by detecting the relationship between viral load and certain specific oxidative stress markers like Cu, Mn, Fe, Se, Zn and glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes. Method Subjects (n = 200, average age 24 years) with quantitative HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction-proven genotype 3 hepatitis C were simultaneously evaluated. Cu, Mn, Fe, Se and Zn serum levels were by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Internationally accepted methods were used for viral load quantification of glutathione, GR and Gpx serum levels. Result There was a significant correlation between HCV viral load and studied parameters. With the increase of viral load from mild group (200,000–1,000,000 copies/ml) to severe group (5,000,000–25,000,000 copies/ml) the serum levels of Cu, Mn, Zn, and Fe and glutathione reductase were found to be abnormally high. However, in severe viral load group serum concentration of Se and glutathione was less than the healthy controls. Conclusion As a significant correlation was detected between the study parameters in genotype 3 HCV patients, it is concluded that the studied micronutrients and glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes are the biomolecular targets of HCV to induce oxidative stress. General significance Constant monitoring and regulation of the recommended biomolecular targets of HCV can improve the plight of more than 170 million patients suffering from hepatitis C virus around the globe. Viral load, micronutrients, antioxidants are key factors involved in oxidative stress. We investigated viral load GSH, GPx, GR, Cu, Mn, Zn, Se, and Fe in genotype 3 HCV patients. Abnormal levels of GSH, GPx, Gr and micronutrients are linked with the progression of hepatitis C. These parameters are associated to immune response, mitochondrial damage and inflammation.
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Zaitsu J, Yamasaki T, Saeki I, Harima Y, Iwamoto T, Harima Y, Matsumoto T, Urata Y, Hidaka I, Marumoto Y, Ishikawa T, Takami T, Yamamoto N, Kaino S, Uchida K, Terai S, Sakaida I. Serum transferrin as a predictor of prognosis for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2014; 44:481-90. [PMID: 23607437 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM We recently reported that the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) is efficacious in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Iron regulation may thus have an important impact in HCC therapy. Because transferrin is a native chelator that regulates iron homeostasis, it may act as an anticancer agent in a similar manner as DFO. The objective of this study was to evaluate serum transferrin as a prognostic predictor in advanced HCC patients undergoing hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). METHODS We retrospectively studied 44 patients receiving HAIC and analyzed various parameters for their possible use as prognostic predictors. RESULTS The 1-, 2- and 3-year cumulative survival rates were 36.4%, 18.2% and 8.5%, respectively, and the median survival time (MST) was 7.0 months. The survival rates of patients who had serum transferrin of 190 mg/dL or more (MST, 12.0 months) were significantly better than those of patients who had serum transferrin of less than 190 mg/dL (MST, 4.9 months). Multivariate analysis identified serum transferrin of 190 mg/dL or more (hazard ratio [HR], 0.282; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.132-0.603; P = 0.001) and Child-Pugh score B (HR, 1.956; 95% CI, 1.034-3.700; P = 0.039) as independent prognostic predictors. There was a significant correlation between serum transferrin level and therapeutic effect (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Serum transferrin could be useful as a prognostic predictor in advanced HCC patients before HAIC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Zaitsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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Yamasaki T, Saeki I, Sakaida I. Efficacy of iron chelator deferoxamine for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients refractory to current treatments. Hepatol Int 2014. [PMID: 26201330 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-013-9515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor. For patients with advanced HCC, the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib is recommended as the current standard of care. In contrast, hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) is one of the recommended treatments in Japan. However, in Japan, the use of sorafenib versus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for first-line treatment remains unclear, because there have been no randomized controlled trials comparing HAIC with sorafenib. HAIC can substantially prolong survival in patients with complete and partial response, while non-responders may be suitable candidates for sorafenib therapy. Nonetheless, HAIC non-responders with deteriorated liver function currently have no treatment options. We have shown the efficacy of an alternative therapy, the iron chelator deferoxamine, for advanced HCC patients with deteriorated liver function. Iron chelators may have future therapeutic possibilities in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yamasaki
- Department of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.
| | - Issei Saeki
- Division of Laboratory, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.
| | - Isao Sakaida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi, 755-8505, Japan.
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Laxmi Madhikarmi N, Rudraiah Siddalinga Murthy K. Antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress in the erythrocytes of iron deficiency anemic patients supplemented with vitamins. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2014; 18:82-87. [PMID: 24518548 PMCID: PMC3933916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidences from epidemiological and clinical studies suggest a possible correlation between antioxidant levels and the anemic disease risk. The present work is to investigate antioxidant levels and lipid peroxidation in anemic patients. METHODS A number of 30 patients (15 males and 15 females) were selected for the study. Likewise, 30 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (15 males and 15 females) were selected with their informed consent. Patients and healthy subjects were supplemented with vitamins C and E for 15 days. The lipid peroxidation both in plasma and erythrocyte lysates was determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid peroxides. The antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E and total antioxidant activity were also analyzed. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were also determined. RESULTS Based on analysis, we found that the increase in lipid peroxidation was higher in the anemic subjects before vitamin supplementation, which was statistically significant at P<0.05. The antioxidant enzymes were higher in the patients before antioxidant supplementation when compared with patients after vitamin supplementation. CONCLUSION Our data revealed higher oxidative stress before vitamin supplementation in iron deficiency anemic patients and after supplementation, lower lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant vitamins were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirjala Laxmi Madhikarmi
- M.B.Kedia Dental College and Teaching Hospital, Near Custom Office, Birgunj, Parsa, Narayani Zone, Nepal;
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Abstract
Ferritin L (FTL) and ferritin H (FTH) subunits are responsible for intracellular iron storage. Serum ferritin levels are not only dependant on body iron stores. Aims of the present study are to demonstrate nature, source, and major regulatory mediators of serum ferritin in an animal model of acute-phase (AP) response. Animals (rats, wild-type [WT] mice, and interleukin [IL]-6ko mice) were injected with turpentine oil (TO) intra-muscularity to induce a sterile abscess and sacrificed at different time points afterward. Rat hepatocytes were isolated for cell culture and, after reaching confluence, stimulated with major AP cytokines to induce AP conditions. We found a significantly increased expression of both ferritin subunits in liver at mRNA and protein levels during AP response. In the serum of both control and TO-injected rats, only FTL was detectable by Western blotting, whereas no increase in serum FTL was measured by Western blot or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An increase in protein expression of FTL and FTH was observed in lysates of rat hepatocytes after treatment with IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α; however, only FTL was increasingly released into supernatant. In both TO-injected rats and WT mice, a dramatic increase in serum IL-6 levels was observed, along with an increased amount of hepatic ferritin subunits. However, an increase of hepatic FTL but not of FTH protein expression was observed in IL-6ko mice after TO injection. Our data demonstrate that FTL is the only rat serum ferritin whose release into circulation from the hepatocytes is increased by the effect of AP cytokines (e.g., IL-6). In contrast, FTH expression is intracellular in both under physiological and AP conditions.
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Xu Q, Feng CY, Hori TS, Plouffe DA, Buchanan JT, Rise ML. Family-specific differences in growth rate and hepatic gene expression in juvenile triploid growth hormone (GH) transgenic Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2013; 8:317-33. [PMID: 24145116 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone transgenic (GHTg) Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) have enhanced growth when compared to their non-transgenic counterparts, and this trait can be beneficial for aquaculture production. Biological confinement of GHTg Atlantic salmon may be achieved through the induction of triploidy (3N). The growth rates of triploid GH transgenic (3NGHTg) Atlantic salmon juveniles were found to significantly vary between families in the AquaBounty breeding program. In order to characterize gene expression associated with enhanced growth in juvenile 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon, a functional genomics approach (32K cDNA microarray hybridizations followed by QPCR) was used to identify and validate liver transcripts that were differentially expressed between two fast-growing 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon families (AS11, AS26) and a slow-growing 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon family (AS25); juvenile growth rate was evaluated over a 45-day period. Of 687 microarray-identified differentially expressed features, 143 (116 more highly expressed in fast-growing and 27 more highly expressed in slow-growing juveniles) were identified in the AS11 vs. AS25 microarray study, while 544 (442 more highly expressed in fast-growing and 102 more highly expressed in slow-growing juveniles) were identified in the AS26 vs. AS25 microarray study. Forty microarray features (39 putatively associated with fast growth and 1 putatively associated with slow growth) were present in both microarray experiment gene lists. The expression levels of 15 microarray-identified transcripts were studied using QPCR with individual RNA samples to validate microarray results and to study biological variability of transcript expression. The QPCR results agreed with the microarray results for 12 of 13 putative fast-growth associated transcripts, but QPCR did not validate the microarray results for 2 putative slow-growth associated transcripts. Many of the 39 microarray-identified genes putatively associated at the transcript expression level with fast-growing 3NGHTg salmon juveniles (including APOA1, APOA4, B2M, FADSD6, FTM, and GAPDH) are involved in metabolism, iron homeostasis and oxygen transport, and immune- or stress-related responses. The results of this study increase our knowledge of family-specific impacts on growth rate and hepatic gene expression in juvenile 3NGHTg Atlantic salmon. In addition, this study provides a suite of putative rapid growth rate-associated transcripts that may contribute to the development of molecular markers [e.g. intronic, exonic or regulatory region single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] for the selection of GHTg Atlantic salmon broodstock that can be utilized to produce sterile triploids of desired growth performance for future commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingheng Xu
- Ocean Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
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Tomita M, Yoshida T, Fukumori J, Yamaguchi S, Kojima S, Fukuyama T, Ohnuma-Koyama A, Takahashi N, Takeuchi-Kashimoto Y, Kuwahara M, Nakashima N, Ohtsuka R, Takeda M, Kosaka T, Harada T. p, p′-DDT induces microcytic anemia in rats. J Toxicol Sci 2013; 38:775-82. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.38.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Ścibior A, Adamczyk A, Gołębiowska D, Niedźwiecka I. Effect of 12-week vanadate and magnesium co-administration on chosen haematological parameters as well as on some indices of iron and copper metabolism and biomarkers of oxidative stress in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 34:235-252. [PMID: 22561110 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Changes in some blood parameters after 12-week administration of sodium metavanadate (SMV; 0.125mgV/ml) or/and magnesium sulphate (MS; 0.06mgMg/ml) in drinking water were studied in outbred male Wistar rats (16 rats/each group) to explore the probable mechanism(s) underlying SMV toxicity and check whether Mg at the level selected during SMV co-administration can protect, at least in part, from a possible deleterious action of SMV. Exposure to SMV alone and in combination with MS (a) led to a decrease in fluid and food intake and body weight gain; (b) predisposed the animals to the development of microcytic-hypochromic anaemia (with excessive liver and spleen Fe deposition, unaltered plasma Fe level and enhanced Zn concentration in the erythrocytes (RBCs) characterized by a reduced haematocrit (Ht) index and haemoglobin (Hb) level, unchanged erythrocyte and reticulocyte count, anisocytosis, lowered total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and elevated transferrin saturation (TS); (c) disturbed Cu homeostasis, but (d) did not influence the leukocyte count and the plasma total antioxidant status (TAS). We suggest that abnormal metabolism and accumulation of Fe as well as an altered Cu status and the RBC Zn level might lead to defective Fe utilization and be a factor promoting the development of Fe-utilization anaemia. The disturbances in the antioxidative capacity reported previously in rats' RBCs after SMV intoxication (Ścibior, Zaporowska, Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 30 (2010) 153-161) may suggest that oxidative stress (OS) could also be, in part, involved in the mechanism responsible for the development of anaemia. The Mg dose ingested in combination with V under SMV-MS co-administration (a) was able to decrease, to some extent, the V concentration in the blood, (b) normalized the RBC Mg and Fe levels and (c) restored the values of some parameters of the Fe status near the control values. These results allow a supposition that a higher Mg dose consumed during SMV exposure could have better protective potential and be more effective in limiting the SMV toxicity observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ścibior
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Institute of Environmental Protection, Department of Zoology and Invertebrate Ecology, Laboratory of Physiology and Animal Biochemistry, Kraśnicka Ave 102, 20-718 Lublin, Poland; Centre of Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Kraśnicka Ave 102, 20-718 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Adamczyk
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Institute of Environmental Protection, Department of Zoology and Invertebrate Ecology, Laboratory of Physiology and Animal Biochemistry, Kraśnicka Ave 102, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dorota Gołębiowska
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Institute of Environmental Protection, Department of Zoology and Invertebrate Ecology, Laboratory of Physiology and Animal Biochemistry, Kraśnicka Ave 102, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Irmina Niedźwiecka
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Institute of Environmental Protection, Department of Zoology and Invertebrate Ecology, Laboratory of Physiology and Animal Biochemistry, Kraśnicka Ave 102, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
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You Q, Verschoor CP, Pant SD, Macri J, Kirby GM, Karrow NA. Proteomic analysis of plasma from Holstein cows testing positive for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 148:243-51. [PMID: 22633222 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Johne's disease (JD) is a widespread and economically important chronic inflammatory disease of the small intestine of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Although there are several techniques available for diagnosis of JD, their sensitivity is questionable. New proteome profiling methods, such as serum/plasma protein fingerprinting by 2-Dimensional Fluorescence Difference Gel Electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), may therefore be useful for identifying novel protein biomarkers of MAP infection. In this study, plasma samples were collected from 380 Holstein cows and screened for the presence of MAP infection using the M.pt. Johne's antibody Kit (IDEXX). Five negative (MAP-), and 5 strongly positive (MAP+) cows were selected for proteomic analysis. Highly abundant proteins were depleted from the plasma samples using the ProteoMiner technology (Bio-Rad) to enhance the resolution of low abundance proteins. Plasma samples from MAP-, MAP+, and a pooled internal control were labelled with different fluorescent dyes and separated based on their isoelectrical point (IP) and then their molecular weight. Gel images of the fluorescent plasma protein maps were acquired using a Typhoon scanner and analyzed using the DeCyder software. Proteins that were differentially expressed were excised from the gels, trypsin digested, and subjected to MS/MS analysis for identification. Six proteins were identified as being up-regulated at least 2-fold in MAP+ cows including: transferrin, gelsolin isoforms α & β (actin binding protein - ABP), complement subcomponent C1r, complement component C3, amine oxidase - copper containing 3 (AOC3), and coagulation factor II (thrombin) (p<0.05). Two proteins that were down-regulated approximately 2-fold in the MAP+ cows included coagulation factor XIII -B polypeptide (COAFXIII), and fibrinogen γ chain (FGG) and its precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei You
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Kanno T, Nakamura K, Ikai H, Kikuchi K, Sasaki K, Niwano Y. Literature review of the role of hydroxyl radicals in chemically-induced mutagenicity and carcinogenicity for the risk assessment of a disinfection system utilizing photolysis of hydrogen peroxide. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2012; 51:9-14. [PMID: 22798706 PMCID: PMC3391867 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.11-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a new disinfection system for oral hygiene, proving that hydroxyl radicals generated by the photolysis of 1 M hydrogen peroxide could effectively kill oral pathogenic microorganisms. Prior to any clinical testing, the safety of the system especially in terms of the risk of carcinogenicity is examined by reviewing the literature. Previous studies have investigated indirectly the kinds of reactive oxygen species involved in some sort of chemically-induced mutagenicity in vitro by using reactive oxygen species scavengers, suggesting the possible involvement of hydroxyl radicals. Similarly, possible involvement of hydroxyl radicals in some sort of chemically-induced carcinogenicity has been proposed. Notably, it is suggested that the hydroxyl radical can play a role in heavy metal-induced carcinogenicity that requires chronic exposure to the carcinogen. In these cases, hydroxyl radicals produced by Fenton-like reactions may be involved in the carcinogenicity. Meanwhile, potential advantages have been reported on the use of the hydroxyl radical, being included in host immune defense by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and medical applications such as for cancer treatment and antibiotics. From these, we conclude that there would seem to be little to no risk in using the hydroxyl radical as a disinfectant for short-term treatment of the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Kanno
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Das R, Chandak GR. Obscure pathogenesis of primary iron overload in Indians warrants more focused research. Indian J Gastroenterol 2011; 30:154-5. [PMID: 21847604 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-011-0119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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