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Resjö S, Willforss J, Large A, Siino V, Alexandersson E, Levander F, Andreasson E. Comparative proteomic analyses of potato leaves from field-grown plants grown under extremely long days. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109032. [PMID: 39181085 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
There are limited molecular data and few biomarkers available for studies of field-grown plants, especially for plants grown during extremely long days. In this study we present quantitative proteomics data from 3 years of field trials on potato, conducted in northern and southern Sweden and analyze over 3000 proteins per year of the study and complement the proteomic analysis with metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. Small but consistent differences linked to the longer days (an average of four more hours of light per day) in northern Sweden (20 h light/day) compared to southern Sweden can be observed, with a high correlation between the mRNA determined by RNA-seq and protein abundances. The majority of the proteins with differential abundances between northern and southern Sweden could be divided into three groups: metabolic enzymes (especially GABA metabolism), proteins involved in redox metabolism, and hydrolytic enzymes. The observed differences in metabolic enzyme abundances corresponded well with untargeted metabolite data determined by GC and LC mass-spectrometry. We also analyzed differences in protein abundance between potato varieties that performed relatively well in northern Sweden in terms of yield with those that performed relatively less well. This comparison indicates that the proteins with higher abundance in the high-yield quotient group are more anabolic in their character, whereas the proteins with lower abundance are more catabolic. Our results create a base of information about potato "field-omics" for improved understanding of physiological and molecular processes in field-grown plants, and our data indicate that the potato plant is not generally stressed by extremely long days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svante Resjö
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 190, SE-234 22, Lomma, Sweden.
| | | | - Annabel Large
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 190, SE-234 22, Lomma, Sweden
| | | | - Erik Alexandersson
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 190, SE-234 22, Lomma, Sweden
| | | | - Erik Andreasson
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 190, SE-234 22, Lomma, Sweden
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2
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Katana Z, Sianidou K, Kaiopoulos G, Deligianni F, Tsetsakos S, Kouvatsi A, Sakellari I, Kritis A, Touraki M, Sotiropoulos D, Xagorari A. Molecular and biochemical evaluation of oxidative effects of cord blood CD34+ MPs on hematopoietic cells. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 108:102871. [PMID: 39013336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2024.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
A graft source for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is umbilical cord blood, which contains umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (MNCs and mesenchymal stem cells, both an excellent source of extracellular microparticles (MPs). MPs act as cell communication mediators, which are implicated in reactive oxygen species formation or detoxification depending on their origin. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in both the development of cancer and its treatment by triggering apoptotic mechanisms, in which CD34+ cells are implicated. The aim of this work is to investigate the oxidative stress status and the apoptosis of HL-60 and mononuclear cells isolated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) following a 24- and 48-hour exposure to CD34 + microparticles (CD34 + MPs). The activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase, as well as lipid peroxidation in the cells, were employed as oxidative stress markers. A 24- and 48-hour exposure of leukemic and mononuclear cells to CD34 + -MPs resulted in a statistically significant increase in the antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation in both cells types. Moreover, CD34 + MPs affect the expression of BCL2 and FAS and related proteins and downregulate the hematopoietic differentiation program in both HL-60 and mononuclear cells. Our results indicate that MPs through activation of antioxidant enzymes in both homozygous and nonhomozygous cells might serve as a means for graft optimization and enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Katana
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Hematology Department, G.H.G.Papanicolaou, Thessaloniki, Greece; Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Sianidou
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Hematology Department, G.H.G.Papanicolaou, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Gregory Kaiopoulos
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Hematology Department, G.H.G.Papanicolaou, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fani Deligianni
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Hematology Department, G.H.G.Papanicolaou, Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sarantis Tsetsakos
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Hematology Department, G.H.G.Papanicolaou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kouvatsi
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioanna Sakellari
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Hematology Department, G.H.G.Papanicolaou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Kritis
- Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Touraki
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Damianos Sotiropoulos
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Hematology Department, G.H.G.Papanicolaou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Xagorari
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Hematology Department, G.H.G.Papanicolaou, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Toro-Román V, Siquier-Coll J, Bartolomé I, Maynar-Mariño M, Grijota FJ. Influence of Long-Term Soccer Training on the Fatty Acid Profile of the Platelet Membrane and Intra-Platelet Antioxidant Vitamins. Nutrients 2024; 16:2391. [PMID: 39125272 PMCID: PMC11313865 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to study the long-term effects of soccer training on platelet membrane fatty acid levels and antioxidant vitamins. Forty-four subjects divided into soccer players (SP; n = 22; 20.86 ± 0.36 years) and a control group (CG; n = 22; 21.23 ± 0.49 years) participated in the study. The fatty acids of the platelet membrane, the rates of desaturation, lipid peroxidation indexes and intra-platelet levels of vitamins C and E were assessed. SP obtained lower values in polyunsaturated fatty acids 18:3:3 (alpha-linolenic acid), 20:5:3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) and 22:6:3 (docosahexaenoic acid) (p < 0.05). The desaturation index ∆5 was higher in SP (p < 0.05), and they had a higher lipid peroxidation index 20:4:6 (arachidonic acid)/16:0 (palmitic acid) (p < 0.05). Vitamin E and C platelet values were also higher in SP (p < 0.01). There were positive correlations in the ω6/ω3 index (p < 0.05), desaturation index ∆5 (p < 0.05), lipid peroxidation index 20:4:6/16:0 and intra-platelet vitamins E and C (p < 0.01) with the level of physical activity. In addition, there were inverse correlations in fatty acids 24:0 (lignoceric acid), 16:1 (palmitoleic acid), 20:3:6 (eicosadienoic acid) and 18:3:3 (alpha-linolenic acid) (p < 0.05) depending on the degree of physical activity. Regular long-term soccer training could modify the concentration of fatty acids such as 24:0, 16:1, 18:6, 20:3:6, 18:3:3:3, 20:5:3, 26:6:3 and ω3 PUFAs in the platelet membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Toro-Román
- Research Group in Technology Applied to High Performance and Health, Department of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08302 Mataró, Spain;
| | - Jesús Siquier-Coll
- Department of Communication and Education, University of Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ignacio Bartolomé
- Education Faculty, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Henry Collet Street, 52-70, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Fernán González Street, 76, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Marcos Maynar-Mariño
- Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Francisco J. Grijota
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Fernán González Street, 76, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
- Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
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Yin JH, Horzmann KA. Embryonic Zebrafish as a Model for Investigating the Interaction between Environmental Pollutants and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1559. [PMID: 39062132 PMCID: PMC11275083 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollutants have been linked to neurotoxicity and are proposed to contribute to neurodegenerative disorders. The zebrafish model provides a high-throughput platform for large-scale chemical screening and toxicity assessment and is widely accepted as an important animal model for the investigation of neurodegenerative disorders. Although recent studies explore the roles of environmental pollutants in neurodegenerative disorders in zebrafish models, current knowledge of the mechanisms of environmentally induced neurodegenerative disorders is relatively complex and overlapping. This review primarily discusses utilizing embryonic zebrafish as the model to investigate environmental pollutants-related neurodegenerative disease. We also review current applicable approaches and important biomarkers to unravel the underlying mechanism of environmentally related neurodegenerative disorders. We found embryonic zebrafish to be a powerful tool that provides a platform for evaluating neurotoxicity triggered by environmentally relevant concentrations of neurotoxic compounds. Additionally, using variable approaches to assess neurotoxicity in the embryonic zebrafish allows researchers to have insights into the complex interaction between environmental pollutants and neurodegenerative disorders and, ultimately, an understanding of the underlying mechanisms related to environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharine A. Horzmann
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
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Bhuia MS, Chowdhury R, Shill MC, Chowdhury AK, Coutinho HDM, Antas E Silva D, Raposo A, Islam MT. Therapeutic Promises of Ferulic Acid and its Derivatives on Hepatic damage Related with Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Review with Mechanisms. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400443. [PMID: 38757848 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound commonly found in the plant Ferula communis. This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of FA and its derivatives (methyl ferulic acid and trans-ferulic acid) against oxidative stress and inflammation-related hepatotoxicity due to toxicants based on the results of different non-clinical and preclinical tests. For this, data was collected from different reliable electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, etc. The results of this investigation demonstrated that FA and its derivatives have potent hepatoprotective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation-related damage. The findings also revealed that these protective effects are due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the chemical compound. FA and its analogues significantly inhibit free radical generation and hinder the effects of proinflammatory markers and inflammatory enzymes, resulting in diminished cytotoxic and apoptotic hepatocyte death. The compounds also prevent intracellular lipid accumulation and provide protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj, 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Manik Chandra Shill
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Davi Antas E Silva
- Departament of Physiology and Pathology, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I Lot. Cidade Universitaria, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj, 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
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6
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Alves Vas FJ, Grijota Pérez FJ, Toro-Román V, Sánchez IB, Maynar Mariño M, Barrientos Vicho G. Changes in the Fatty Acid Profile in Erythrocytes in High-Level Endurance Runners during a Sports Season. Nutrients 2024; 16:1895. [PMID: 38931250 PMCID: PMC11206387 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are an essential component of the erythrocyte membrane, and nutrition and physical exercise are two variables that affect their structure and function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the erythrocyte profile in a group of high-level endurance runners, as well as the changes in different FAs, throughout a sports season in relation to the training performed. A total of 21 high-level male endurance runners (23 ± 4 years; height: 1.76 ± 0.05) were evaluated at four different times throughout a sports season. The athletes had at least 5 years of previous experience and participated in national and international competitions. The determination of the different FAs was carried out by gas chromatography. The runners exhibited low concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and omega-3 index (IND ω-3), as well as high values of stearic acid (SA), palmitic acid (PA), and arachidonic acid (AA), compared to the values of reference throughout the study. In conclusion, training modifies the erythrocyte FA profile in high-level endurance runners, reducing the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as DHA and AA and increasing the concentrations of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) such as SA and the PA. High-level endurance runners should pay special attention to the intake of PUFAs ω-3 in their diet or consider supplementation during training periods to avoid deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Alves Vas
- Faculty of Education, University Pontificia of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (F.J.A.V.); (I.B.S.); (G.B.V.)
| | - Fco. Javier Grijota Pérez
- Sport Science Faculty, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Isabel I University, 09003 Burgos, Spain
| | - Víctor Toro-Román
- Research Group in Technology Applied to High Performance and Health, Department of Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, TecnoCampus, 08302 Mataró, Spain
| | - Ignacio Bartolomé Sánchez
- Faculty of Education, University Pontificia of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (F.J.A.V.); (I.B.S.); (G.B.V.)
| | - Marcos Maynar Mariño
- Sport Science Faculty, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Gema Barrientos Vicho
- Faculty of Education, University Pontificia of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (F.J.A.V.); (I.B.S.); (G.B.V.)
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7
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Šošić-Jurjević B, Borković-Mitić S, Pavlović S, Vlahović D, Miler M, Cesar T, Ajdžanović V, Milenkovic D, Stellaard F, Trifunović S, Filipović B, Lütjohann D. Lemon Flavonoid Extract Eriomin Improves Pro/Antioxidant Status and Interferes with Cholesterol Metabolism without Affecting Serum Cholesterol Levels in Aged Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5221. [PMID: 38791260 PMCID: PMC11121178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the antioxidant capacity of lemon flavonoid extract Eriomin® (LE) and its impact on cholesterol metabolism in the context of healthy aging. We orally treated 24-month-old male Wistar rats with an LE (40 mg/kg) suspended in 0.3 mL of sunflower oil. At the same time, control groups received an equal volume of sunflower oil (CON) or remained untreated (ICON) daily for 4 weeks. We examined LE's effects on superoxide dismutase and catalase- and glutathione-related enzyme activities, the concentration of lipid peroxides and protein carbonyls, total oxidant status (TOS) and antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in the liver, jejunum, and ileum. We also measured total cholesterol, its biosynthetic precursors (lanosterol, lathosterol, desmosterol), its degradation products (bile acid precursors) in the serum, liver, jejunum, and ileum, and serum phytosterols (intestinal absorption markers). LE reduced TOS, TAS, and OSI (p < 0.05) compared with control values, indicating its consistent antioxidant action in all examined organs. LE lowered hepatic desmosterol (p < 0.05) while also reducing 7α- and 24-hydroxycholesterol levels in the liver and ileum (p < 0.01). Serum cholesterol, hepatic gene expression, and the immunostaining intensity of CYP7A1 were unchanged. In conclusion, LE exerted non-enzymatic antioxidant effects and reduced cholesterol degradation, reducing its biosynthesis products, thereby maintaining serum cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka Šošić-Jurjević
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (S.P.); (D.V.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (S.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Slavica Borković-Mitić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (S.P.); (D.V.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (S.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Slađan Pavlović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (S.P.); (D.V.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (S.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Dragana Vlahović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (S.P.); (D.V.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (S.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Marko Miler
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (S.P.); (D.V.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (S.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Thais Cesar
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Food Engineering, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-060, Brazil;
| | - Vladimir Ajdžanović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (S.P.); (D.V.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (S.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Frans Stellaard
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (F.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Svetlana Trifunović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (S.P.); (D.V.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (S.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Branko Filipović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.B.-M.); (S.P.); (D.V.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (S.T.); (B.F.)
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (F.S.); (D.L.)
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Liang X, Zheng S, Zhou Y, Li J, Zhang Z. Luteolin, a natural flavonoid, exhibits a protective effect on intestinal injury induced by soybean meal in early-weaned piglets. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae214. [PMID: 39066584 PMCID: PMC11367559 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Soybean meal is known to be able to cause intestinal damage and dysfunction in early-weaned piglets. However, research on natural compounds that can alleviate these effects is scarce. In this study, the effect of luteolin, a natural flavonoid, on intestinal health of piglets fed on a soybean meal-based diet was explored. A total of eighteen 21-d-old piglets were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: a negative control group fed with an animal protein-based diet, a positive control group fed with a soybean meal-based diet, and a luteolin group that was fed with the positive control diet supplemented with luteolin. The results suggested that luteolin supplementation significantly increased the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of early-weaned piglets, while effectively reducing the diarrhea incidence. Additionally, luteolin supplementation lowered the levels of soybean antigen-specific immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin E anitbodies, increased the superoxide dismutase activity in both sera and small intestine mucosa, and enhanced the total antioxidant capacity in sera. Further research found that luteolin supplementation increased the intestinal villi height and decreased the crypt depth, resulting in an increased ratio of villi to crypts. At the same time, it reduced the concentration of serum diamine oxidase, improving intestinal barrier function. Moreover, luteolin significantly decreased the gene expression of Bax and Caspase-3, reducing cell apoptosis in the intestinal mucosa. Luteolin supplementation also increased the abundance of Actinobacteria at the phylum level, reduced the abundance of Prevotella and increased the abundance of Olsenella at the genus level. In conclusion, the supplementation of luteolin to the soybean meal diet was capable of effectively reducing allergic response, enhancing the antioxidant capacity of early-weaned piglets, protecting their intestinal barrier function, inhibiting intestinal mucosal cell apoptosis, and altering the intestinal microbiota structure, therefore promoting intestinal health and improving production performance in early-weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecong Liang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Shugui Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Jiguang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
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9
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Benhalima H, Sbartai H, Sbartai I. Evaluation the Toxicity of Heavy Metal Mixtures in Anecic Earthworms (Aporrectodea giardi). ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 86:13-24. [PMID: 37971513 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01034-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Using earthworms as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in soils is a relevant tool for environmental risk monitoring. This study examines the combined effects of four distinct concentrations mixtures (M1, M2, M3 and M4) containing Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Fe and Mn on Aporrectodea giardi earthworms after 12 and 24 days (12 D/24 D) of exposure via the monitoring of certain biomarkers of stress including total protein content, glutathione (GSH), metallothionein (MT), catalase and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. The results show a decrease in the total protein level for the M3 mixture after 24 D, whereas it increases for all other treatments regardless of exposure time. Glutathione and metallothionine levels increased for M2 and M3 and decreased for M1 and M4 after 12 D; they increased after 24 D for all the mixtures. Regarding enzyme activities, catalase activity was decreased for all the treatments unless for M3 (P > 0.05). However, LOX increased for M1, M2 and M4 except for M3 after 12 D, when inhibition of this biomarker was observed. LOX activity was inhibited for all the mixtures at the end of the treatment. All the mixtures generated oxidative stress in Aporrectodea giardi, which is minimized by increasing MT levels to remove the metal ions and triggering the antioxidant system, composed primarily of GSH and LOX to restore cellular homeostasis. These findings suggest that the species Aporrectodea giardi could be an excellent candidate for ecotoxicological risk assessment of soils contaminated by metal mixtures and it can be used in bioremediation for its fitness which allows it to tolerate high concentrations of metal mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadia Benhalima
- Laboratory of Cellular Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Hana Sbartai
- Laboratory of Cellular Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria.
| | - Ibtissem Sbartai
- Laboratory of Cellular Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
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10
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Beton-Mysur K, Brożek-Płuska B. A new modality for cholesterol impact tracking in colon cancer development - Raman imaging, fluorescence and AFM studies combined with chemometric analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5199-5217. [PMID: 37781815 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01040f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, high consumption of red or processed meat and a diet with low fibre, fruit, and vegetable intake increase CRC risk. Despite advances in surgery (the basic treatment for recovery), chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, CRC remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Therefore the social importance of this problem stimulates research aimed at developing new tools for rapid CRC diagnosis and analysis of CRC risk factors. Considering the association between the cholesterol level and CRC, we hypothesize that cholesterol spectroscopic and AFM (atomic force microscopy) studies combined with chemometric analysis can be new, powerful tools used to visualize the cholesterol distribution, estimate cholesterol content and determine its influence on the biochemical and nanomechanical properties of colon cells. Our paper presents the analysis of human colon tissues: normal and cancer and human colon single cells normal CCD18-Co and cancer CaCo-2 in the physiological state and CaCo-2 upon mevastatin supplementation. Based on vibrational features we have shown that Raman spectroscopy and imaging allow cholesterol content in human colon tissues and human colon single cells of both types to be tracked and allow the effectiveness of mevastatin in the mevalonate pathway modulation and disruption of the cholesterol level to be proven. All observations have been confirmed by chemometric analysis including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA). The positive impact of statins on cholesterol content has also been studied by using fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant increase in Young modulus as a mechanomarker for CaCo-2 human cancer colon cells upon mevastatin supplementation compared to CCD18-Co human normal colon cells was observed. This paper is one of the first reports about the use of Raman spectroscopic techniques in cholesterol investigations and the first one about cholesterol investigation using Raman spectroscopy (RS) on human cells ex vivo in the context of colon cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Beton-Mysur
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland.
| | - B Brożek-Płuska
- Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland.
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11
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Xiao M, Xu J, Wang W, Zhang B, Liu J, Li J, Xu H, Zhao Y, Yu X, Shi S. Functional significance of cholesterol metabolism in cancer: from threat to treatment. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1982-1995. [PMID: 37653037 PMCID: PMC10545798 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01079-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential structural component of membranes that contributes to membrane integrity and fluidity. Cholesterol homeostasis plays a critical role in the maintenance of cellular activities. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that cholesterol is a major determinant by modulating cell signaling events governing the hallmarks of cancer. Numerous studies have shown the functional significance of cholesterol metabolism in tumorigenesis, cancer progression and metastasis through its regulatory effects on the immune response, ferroptosis, autophagy, cell stemness, and the DNA damage response. Here, we summarize recent literature describing cholesterol metabolism in cancer cells, including the cholesterol metabolism pathways and the mutual regulatory mechanisms involved in cancer progression and cholesterol metabolism. We also discuss various drugs targeting cholesterol metabolism to suggest new strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Xiao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jialin Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yingjun Zhao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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12
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Muhaxi M, Liu F, Ng TB. Structural characterization and in vitro hepatoprotective activity of a novel antioxidant polysaccharide from fruiting bodies of the mushroom Pleurotus ferulae. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125124. [PMID: 37290546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, three novel antioxidant polysaccharides (G-1, AG-1, and AG-2) were isolated and purified from Pleurotus ferulae using mouse erythrocyte hemolysis inhibitory activity as an indicator. These components showed antioxidant activity at the chemical and cellular levels. Given that G-1 displayed superior performance in protecting the human hepatocyte L02 cells against oxidative damage caused by H2O2 compared to AG-1 and AG-2 and had a higher yield and purification rate, the detailed structure of G-1 was further characterized. G-1 mainly contains six kinds of linkage type units as A: →4,6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, B: →3)-β-d-Glcp-(1→, C: →2,6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→, d: β-d-Manp(1→, E: →6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, F: →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→. Finally, the potential in vitro hepatoprotective mechanism of G-1 was discussed and elucidated. Results suggested that G-1 can protect L02 cells from H2O2-induced damage by reducing the leakage of AST and ALT from the cytoplasm, enhancing the activities of SOD and CAT, and suppressing lipid peroxidation and production of LDH. G-1 could further reduce the production of ROS, stabilize mitochondrial membrane potential and maintain cell morphology. Hence, G-1 could be a valuable functional food with antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muguli Muhaxi
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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Singh A, Kukal S, Kanojia N, Singh M, Saso L, Kukreti S, Kukreti R. Lipid Mediated Brain Disorders: A Perspective. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 167:106737. [PMID: 37086954 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
The brain, one of the most resilient organs of the body is highly enriched in lipid content, suggesting the essential role of lipids in brain physiological activities. Lipids constitute an important structural part of the brain and act as a rich source of metabolic energy. Besides, lipids in their bioactive form (known as bioactive lipids) play an essential signaling and regulatory role, facilitating neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and cell-cell communication. Brain lipid metabolism is thus a tightly regulated process. Any alteration/dysregulation of lipid metabolism greatly impact brain health and activity. Moreover, since central nervous system (CNS) is the most metabolically active system and lacks an efficient antioxidative defence system, it acts as a hub for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent lipid peroxidation. These peroxidation events are reported during pathological changes such as neuronal tissue injury and inflammation. Present review is a modest attempt to gain insights into the role of dysregulated bioactive lipid levels and lipid oxidation status in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. This may open up new avenues exploiting lipids as the therapeutic targets for improving brain health, and treatment of nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi 110007, India
| | - Samiksha Kukal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mahak Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Shrikant Kukreti
- Nucleic Acids Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi 110007, India
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) Campus, Delhi 110007, India.
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14
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Murotomi K, Umeno A, Shichiri M, Tanito M, Yoshida Y. Significance of Singlet Oxygen Molecule in Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032739. [PMID: 36769060 PMCID: PMC9917472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen, play an important role in the onset and progression of disease, as well as in aging. Singlet oxygen can be formed non-enzymatically by chemical, photochemical, and electron transfer reactions, or as a byproduct of endogenous enzymatic reactions in phagocytosis during inflammation. The imbalance of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant networks with the generation of singlet oxygen increases oxidative stress, resulting in the undesirable oxidation and modification of biomolecules, such as proteins, DNA, and lipids. This review describes the molecular mechanisms of singlet oxygen production in vivo and methods for the evaluation of damage induced by singlet oxygen. The involvement of singlet oxygen in the pathogenesis of skin and eye diseases is also discussed from the biomolecular perspective. We also present our findings on lipid oxidation products derived from singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation in glaucoma, early diabetes patients, and a mouse model of bronchial asthma. Even in these diseases, oxidation products due to singlet oxygen have not been measured clinically. This review discusses their potential as biomarkers for diagnosis. Recent developments in singlet oxygen scavengers such as carotenoids, which can be utilized to prevent the onset and progression of disease, are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Murotomi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan
| | - Aya Umeno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Mototada Shichiri
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda 563-8577, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-751-8234
| | - Masaki Tanito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
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15
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Macvanin MT, Gluvic Z, Zafirovic S, Gao X, Essack M, Isenovic ER. The protective role of nutritional antioxidants against oxidative stress in thyroid disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1092837. [PMID: 36686463 PMCID: PMC9846570 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1092837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An imbalance between pro-oxidative and antioxidative cellular mechanisms is oxidative stress (OxS) which may be systemic or organ-specific. Although OxS is a consequence of normal body and organ physiology, severely impaired oxidative homeostasis results in DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis, ultimately compromising cells' function and viability. The thyroid gland is an organ that exhibits both oxidative and antioxidative processes. In terms of OxS severity, the thyroid gland's response could be physiological (i.e. hormone production and secretion) or pathological (i.e. development of diseases, such as goitre, thyroid cancer, or thyroiditis). Protective nutritional antioxidants may benefit defensive antioxidative systems in resolving pro-oxidative dominance and redox imbalance, preventing or delaying chronic thyroid diseases. This review provides information on nutritional antioxidants and their protective roles against impaired redox homeostasis in various thyroid pathologies. We also review novel findings related to the connection between the thyroid gland and gut microbiome and analyze the effects of probiotics with antioxidant properties on thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana T. Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- Clinic for Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Zemun Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sonja Zafirovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Xin Gao
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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Wilson SM, Oba PM, Applegate CC, Koziol SA, Panasevich MR, Norton SA, Swanson KS. Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product-supplemented diet on fecal characteristics, oxidative stress, and blood gene expression of adult dogs undergoing transport stress. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac378. [PMID: 36373401 PMCID: PMC9838799 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) was shown to positively alter fecal microbiota, fecal metabolites, oxidative stress, and circulating immune cell function of adult dogs. The objective of this study was to measure the effects of SCFP on fecal characteristics, serum oxidative stress biomarkers, and whole blood gene expression of dogs undergoing transport stress. Sixteen adult pointer dogs [8M, 8F; mean age = 6.7 ± 2.1 yr; mean body weight (BW) = 25.5 ± 3.9 kg] were used in a randomized crossover design study. All dogs were fed a control diet for 4 wk, then randomly assigned to a control or SCFP-supplemented diet (formulated to include approximately 0.13% of the active SCFP ingredient) and fed to maintain BW for 11 wk. A 6-wk washout preceded the second 11-wk experimental period with dogs receiving opposite treatments. After 11 wk, fresh fecal and blood samples were collected before and after transport in a van for 45 min. Change from baseline data (i.e., before and after transport) were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS 9.4, with P < 0.05 being significant and P < 0.10 being trends. Change in serum malondialdehyde concentrations increased (P < 0.05) and serum 8-isoprostane concentrations tended to increase (P < 0.10) in dogs fed SCFP, but decreased (P < 0.05) in control dogs after transport. Other serum markers were unaffected by diet during transport stress. Fecal dry matter percentage tended to be affected (P < 0.10) by diet during transport stress, being reduced in control dogs, but stable in dogs fed SCFP. Other fecal characteristics were unaffected by diet during transport stress. Genes associated with activation of innate immunity were impacted by diet in response to transport stress, with blood cyclooxygenase-2 and malondialdehyde mRNA expression being increased (P < 0.05) in control dogs, but stable or decreased in dogs fed SCFP. Expression of other genes was unaffected by diet during transport stress. These data suggest that the benefits of feeding a SCFP during transport stress may be mediated through suppression of innate immune cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M Wilson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Patricia M Oba
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Catherine C Applegate
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- The Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Samantha A Koziol
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | | | - Kelly S Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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17
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Kotzaeroglou A, Tsamesidis I. The Role of Equilibrium between Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Depression and Bipolar Disorder. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:57. [PMID: 36422118 PMCID: PMC9694953 DOI: 10.3390/medicines9110057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence suggests that the presence of oxidative stress and disorders of the antioxidant defense system are involved in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and major depression, but the exact mechanism remains unknown. This review focuses on a better appreciation of the contribution of oxidative stress to depression and bipolar disorder. Methods: This review was conducted by extracting information from other research and review studies, as well as other meta-analyses, using two search engines, PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: As far as depression is concerned, there is agreement among researchers on the association between oxidative stress and antioxidants. In bipolar disorder, however, most of them observe strong lipid peroxidation in patients, while regarding antioxidant levels, opinions are divided. Nevertheless, in recent years, it seems that on depression, there are mainly meta-analyses and reviews, rather than research studies, unlike on bipolar disorder. Conclusions: Undoubtedly, this review shows that there is an association among oxidative stress, free radicals and antioxidants in both mental disorders, but further research should be performed on the exact role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Kotzaeroglou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Metropolitan College, Campus of Thessaloniki, 54624 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tsamesidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Metropolitan College, Campus of Thessaloniki, 54624 Thessaloniki, Greece
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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18
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Rezig L, Ghzaiel I, Ksila M, Yammine A, Nury T, Zarrouk A, Samadi M, Chouaibi M, Vejux A, Lizard G. Cytoprotective activities of representative nutrients from the Mediterranean diet and of Mediterranean oils against 7-ketocholesterol- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cytotoxicity: Application to age-related diseases and civilization diseases. Steroids 2022; 187:109093. [PMID: 36029811 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol are two oxysterols mainly formed by the autoxidation of cholesterol. These two molecules are interconvertible via specific enzymes. These two oxysterols are often observed at increased amounts in biological fluids as well as tissues and organs affected during age-related diseases and in diseases of civilization such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and ocular diseases as well as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Noteworthy, 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol induce oxidative stress and inflammation, which are frequently observed in patients with age-related and civilization diseases. For this reason, the involvement of these two oxysterols in the pathophysiology of these diseases is widely suspected. In addition, the toxicity of these oxysterols can lead to death by oxiapoptophagy characterized by oxidative stress, apoptosis induction and autophagy criteria. To prevent, or even treat, certain age-related or civilization diseases associated with increased levels of 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol, the identification of molecules or mixtures of molecules attenuating or inhibiting the toxic effects of these oxysterols allows to consider new treatments. In this context, many nutrients present in significant amounts in the Mediterranean diet, especially tocopherols, fatty acids, and polyphenols, have shown cytoprotective activities as well as several Mediterranean oils (argan and olive oils, milk thistle seed oil, and pistacia lentiscus seed oil). Consequently, a nutraceutical approach, rich in nutrients present in the Mediterranean diet, could thus make it possible to counteract certain age-related and civilization diseases associated with increased levels of 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Rezig
- University of Carthage, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, LR11ES26, LIP-MB 'Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules', Tunis 1080, Tunisia; University of Carthage, High Institute of Food Industries, 58 Alain Savary Street, El Khadra City, Tunis 1003, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Ghzaiel
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France; University of Monastir, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', Monastir 5000, Tunisia; University Tunis-El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ksila
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of Biomolecules, (LR18ES03), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Aline Yammine
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France; Institut Européen des Antioxydants (IEA), 1B, rue Victor de Lespinats, Neuves-Maisons 54230, France
| | - Thomas Nury
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', Monastir 5000, Tunisia; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4000, Tunisia
| | - Mohammad Samadi
- LCPMC-A2, ICPM, Department of Chemistry, University Lorraine, Metz Technopôle, Metz 57070, France
| | - Moncef Chouaibi
- University of Carthage, High Institute of Food Industries, 58 Alain Savary Street, El Khadra City, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; University of Carthage, Bio-preservation and Valorization of Agricultural Products UR13-AGR 02, High Institute of Food Industries, 58 Alain Savary Street, El Khadra City, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Anne Vejux
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France.
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19
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Lichen Extracts from Cetrarioid Clade Provide Neuroprotection against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196520. [PMID: 36235056 PMCID: PMC9573381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative diseases. Lichens have antioxidant properties attributed to their own secondary metabolites with phenol groups. Very few studies delve into the protective capacity of lichens based on their antioxidant properties and their action mechanism. The present study evaluates the neuroprotective role of Dactylina arctica, Nephromopsis stracheyi, Tuckermannopsis americana and Vulpicida pinastri methanol extracts in a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidative stress model in neuroblastoma cell line "SH-SY5Y cells". Cells were pretreated with different concentrations of lichen extracts (24 h) before H2O2 (250 µM, 1 h). Our results showed that D. arctica (10 µg/mL), N. stracheyi (25 µg/mL), T. americana (50 µg/mL) and V. pinastri (5 µg/mL) prevented cell death and morphological changes. Moreover, these lichens significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and glutathione (GSH) levels. Furthermore, they attenuated mitochondrial membrane potential decline and calcium homeostasis disruption. Finally, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that the secondary metabolites were gyrophoric acid and lecanoric acid in D. artica, usnic acid, pinastric acid and vulpinic acid in V. pinastri, and alectoronic acid in T. americana. In conclusion, D. arctica and V. pinastri are the most promising lichens to prevent and to treat oxidative stress-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Kinetics of lipid radical formation in lipoproteins from β-thalassemia: Implication of cholesteryl esters and α-tocopherol. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Sakaino M, Sano T, Kato S, Shimizu N, Ito J, Rahmania H, Imagi J, Nakagawa K. Carboxylic acids derived from triacylglycerols that contribute to the increase in acid value during the thermal oxidation of oils. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12460. [PMID: 35864283 PMCID: PMC9304340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid value (AV), is a widely used indicator of oil degradation that, by definition, measures the free fatty acids formed via the hydrolysis of triacyclglycerols. However, based on observations made in previous studies, we hypothesized that the oxidation of triacylglycerols leads to the formation of carboxylic acids with a glycerol backbone which are also calculated as AV. In this study, we aimed to identify such carboxylic acids and prove the above hypothesis. Heating a canola oil at 180 °C for 6 h without the addition of water resulted in an increase in AV from 0.054 to 0.241. However, the contribution of free fatty acids to this increase in AV was minimal; free fatty acid-derived AV before and after heating was 0.020 and 0.023, respectively. Then, via mass spectrometric analyses, we identified two 8-carboxy-octanoyl (azelaoyl) -triacylglycerols (i.e., dioleoyl-azelaoyl-glycerol and oleoyl-linoleoyl-azelaoyl-glycerol) in the heated oil. Azelaoyl-triacylglycerols-derived AV before and after heating the oil was 0.008 and 0.109, respectively, demonstrating that azelaoyl-triacylglycerols contribute to AV. Such an increase in AV by azelaoyl-triacylglycerols was also observed in an oil used to deep-fry potatoes (i.e., an oil with a relatively high water content). These results suggest that AV is also an indicator of the thermal oxidation of triacylglycerols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Sakaino
- Food Design Center, J-OIL MILLS, INC., Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan.,Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Takashi Sano
- Food Design Center, J-OIL MILLS, INC., Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Shunji Kato
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan.,J-Oil Mills Innovation Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimizu
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Junya Ito
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Halida Rahmania
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Jun Imagi
- Food Design Center, J-OIL MILLS, INC., Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan.,J-Oil Mills Innovation Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan. .,J-Oil Mills Innovation Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan.
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22
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Yagasaki H, Takekoshi S, Kitatani K, Kato C, Yamasaki H, Shioyama K, Tsuboi T, Matsuzaki T, Inagaki Y, Masuda R, Iwazaki M. Protective effect of ebselen on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis: analysis of the molecular mechanism of lung fibrosis mediated by oxidized diacylglycerol. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:473-482. [PMID: 36562703 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2022.2092477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the development of pulmonary fibrosis remain unknown, and effective treatments have not yet been developed. It has been shown that oxidative stress is involved in lung fibrosis. Oxidized diacylglycerol (DAG) produced by oxidative stress is thought to play an important role in lung fibrosis. This study assessed the effect of oxidized DAG in an animal model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by aspiration of bleomycin (BLM) into the lungs. The inhibitory effect of ebselen on pulmonary fibrosis was also investigated. In lung fibrotic tissue induced by BLM, an increase in lipid peroxides and collagen accumulation was observed. Moreover, the levels of oxidized DAG, which has strong protein kinase C (PKC) activation activity, were significantly increased over time following the administration of BLM. Western blotting showed that phosphorylation of PKCα and δ isoforms was increased by BLM. Oral administration of ebselen significantly suppressed the increase in oxidized DAG induced by BLM and improved lung fibrosis. PKCα and δ phosphorylation were also significantly inhibited. The mRNA expression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I (marker molecules for fibrosis), as well as the production of transforming growth factor-β and tumor necrosis factor-α(a potentially important factor in the fibrotic process), were increased by BLM and significantly decreased by ebselen. The administration of BLM may induce lipid peroxidation in lung tissue, while the oxidized DAG produced by BLM may induce overactivation of PKCα and δ, resulting in the induction of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Yagasaki
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Susumu Takekoshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Kanae Kitatani
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan.,Medical science college office, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Chikara Kato
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamasaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Kie Shioyama
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tsuboi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Matsuzaki
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Yutaka Inagaki
- Department of Innovative Medical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Ryota Masuda
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwazaki
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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Ali J, Aziz MA, Rashid MMO, Basher MA, Islam MS. Propagation of age‐related diseases due to the changes of lipid peroxide and antioxidant levels in elderly people: A narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e650. [PMID: 35620545 PMCID: PMC9125877 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Lipid peroxidation end products are the major culprit for inducing chronic diseases in elderly people. Along with the elevated level of lipid peroxide biomarkers, there is a significant disruption of antioxidants balance, which combinedly propagate the diseases of elderly people. The aim of the present review is to bridge the connection of changes in lipid peroxides biomarkers and antioxidants level with age‐associated diseases in elderly people. Methods This narrative review was performed following a comprehensive search for suitable articles in multiple online databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect using selected search terms. The most appropriate literature was included based on the selection criteria. Results From the review, it is found that many age‐related diseases propagated with an increased level of the end products of lipid peroxide and reduced levels of antioxidants in elderly people. When the end products of lipid peroxidation increase in the body, it creates oxidative stress, which ultimately leads to many complicated diseases, including cancers, cardiovascular and neurogenic diseases, and many other chronic inflammatory diseases. The oxidative stress induced by peroxidation can be assessed by different lipid peroxide end products such as malondialdehyde, oxidized low‐density lipoprotein, isoprostanes, neuroprostanes, lipoperoxides, oxysterols (7‐ketocholesterol, 7β‐hydroxycholesterol), and many more. Conclusions This study definitively answers the correlation between the changes in lipid peroxides and antioxidants level and age‐related diseases. Our narrative article recommends future investigations for elucidating the mechanisms rigorously to establish a compact correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julfikar Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacy Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences State University of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mamun Or Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Anwarul Basher
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacy Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh
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Shehta N, Kamel AE, Sobhy E, Ismail MH. Malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels in patients with epilepsy: a case–control study. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00479-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Oxidative stress has a significant influence in the initiation and progression of epileptic seizures. It was reported that inhibiting oxidative stress could protect against epilepsy. The aim of the current research is to estimate some biomarkers that reflect the oxidative stress in epileptics, its relation to seizure control as well as to study the impact of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on these biomarkers. This case–control study included 62 epileptic patients beside 62 age and gender-matched healthy controls. The epileptic patients subjected to detailed history taking with special regards to disease duration, seizure frequency, and the current AEDs. Laboratory evaluation of serum malondialdehyde (a lipid peroxidation byproduct) and superoxide dismutase (an endogenous antioxidant) were done.
Results
Malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly higher, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was lower in epileptic patients than in the controls (p < 0.001). Seizure frequency was directly correlated with MDA (r = 0.584, p < 0.001) while inversely correlated with SOD (r = − 0.432, p = 0.008). High MDA and low SOD were recorded in epileptic patients receiving polytherapy as compared to monotherapy (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Epileptic patients had higher oxidative stress biomarkers than healthy individuals. Frequent seizures, long disease duration, and AEDs were associated with higher MDA and lower SOD that reflects an imbalance in the oxidant–antioxidant status among these patients.
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Umeno A, Yoshida Y, Kaidzu S, Tanito M. Positive Association between Aqueous Humor Hydroxylinoleate Levels and Intraocular Pressure. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072215. [PMID: 35408614 PMCID: PMC9000355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously proposed the total assessment of hydroxylinoleates (HODEs) by LC-MS/MS after saponification and reduction of the biologic samples as biomarkers to investigate pathogenesis, disease progression, and prognosis. In this study, HODE levels were estimated in aqueous humor (AH) samples from 63 eyes (41 Japanese subjects; 15 men; mean age, 77.3 ± 6.8 years) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or cataracts. The correlations between intraocular HODE levels and background parameters, including intraocular pressure (IOP), were analyzed to assess the possible involvement of oxidative stress in glaucoma pathology. Univariate analyses showed that linoleic acid (LA) (p = 0.034) and arachidonic acid (AA) (p = 0.0041) levels were associated negatively with age; 13-(Z,E)-HODE (p = 0.018) and 13-(E,E)-HODE (p = 0.021) were associated positively with IOP; 9-(Z,E)-HODE (p = 0.039), 13-(Z,E)-HODE (p = 0.021), totally assessed-HODE (t-HODE, p = 0.023), LA (p = 0.0080), and AA (p = 0.0051) were higher in eyes with glaucoma than cataract. No gender differences were seen. A mixed-effect regression model showed that higher 13-(Z,E)-HODE (p = 0.0040) and higher t-HODE (p = 0.040) were associated with glaucoma rather than cataracts; and higher levels of 13-(Z,E)-HODE/LA (p = 0.043), 13-(E,E)-HODE/LA (p = 0.042), 13-(Z,E)-HODE (p = 0.0054), and 13-(E,E)-HODE (p = 0.027) were associated with higher IOP. Linoleate-derived oxidation products were quantified successfully in AH samples from patients with glaucoma and cataracts. A free radical oxidation mechanism can be associated with IOP elevation, while enzymatic oxidation may be involved, specifically, in the pathogenesis of POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Umeno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (A.U.); (S.K.)
- Computational Bio Big Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu 761-0301, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Yoshida
- Head Office Laboratory, LG Japan Lab Inc., Kanagawa 220-0011, Japan;
| | - Sachiko Kaidzu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (A.U.); (S.K.)
| | - Masaki Tanito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (A.U.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-853-20-2284
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Fylymonenko VP, Galuzinska LV, Kravchenko GB, Kravchenko VM, Bryukhanova ТО, Мaloshtan LМ, Lytkin DV. Effectiveness of food concentrate phenolic compounds of apples in experimental membrane pathologies. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.15421/022209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple fruits are an available source of phenolic compounds that exhibit a wide range of biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, membrane stabilizing, etc.). The antioxidant properties of food concentrate phenolic compounds of apples (Concentrate) were studied in vitro in models of spontaneous and ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rat liver homogenate, and acute carbon tetrachloromethane hepatitis was chosen as in vivo model in rats. Membrane stabilizing activity was evaluated by the degree of hemolysis in blood samples from the tail vein. The effect of Concentrate on vascular permeability was studied considering the time of animal skin papules staining at the site of injection of phlogogenic substances. Hepatoprotective activity in the model of acute carbon tetrachloride hepatitis was assessed by changes in prooxidant-antioxidant status in liver homogenate and liver enzymes activity in serum. Significant antioxidant effect of Concentrate was fixed in models of spontaneous and ascorbate induced LPO (TBA reactants’ content was 3.12 times and 2.25 times lower than control for spontaneous LPO and ascorbate induced LPO, respectively) and under tetrachloride hepatitis (Concentrate antioxidant activity was 47.8%). The membrane-protective activity of the studied Concentrate was also high and reached 50.1%. Also, Concentrate demonstrated capillary-strengthening properties, reducing the permeability of the vascular wall, which was caused by three different chlorogens, most notably by zymosan (Concentrate significantly delayed the stain utilization from the bloodstream by 2.14 times compared to control). Newly developed concentrate showed complex hepatoprotective activity, improving the indices of antioxidant-prooxidant status and activity of liver cytolysis enzymes in rats with tetrachloromethane hepatitis. The transparent corrective effects of Concentrate are the result of synergism and additivity of its multiple components and indicate the prospects of its further research in order to develop medications for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases associated with membrane damage.
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Hatton SL, Pandey MK. Fat and Protein Combat Triggers Immunological Weapons of Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems to Launch Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1089. [PMID: 35163013 PMCID: PMC8835271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, affecting up to 10 million people. This disease mainly happens due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons accountable for memory and motor function. Partial glucocerebrosidase enzyme deficiency and the resultant excess accumulation of glycosphingolipids and alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation have been linked to predominant risk factors that lead to neurodegeneration and memory and motor defects in PD, with known and unknown causes. An increasing body of evidence uncovers the role of several other lipids and their association with α-syn aggregation, which activates the innate and adaptive immune system and sparks brain inflammation in PD. Here, we review the emerging role of a number of lipids, i.e., triglyceride (TG), diglycerides (DG), glycerophosphoethanolamines (GPE), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), sphingolipids, gangliosides, glycerophospholipids (GPL), and cholesterols, and their connection with α-syn aggregation as well as the induction of innate and adaptive immune reactions that trigger neuroinflammation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Loraine Hatton
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Ethyl pyruvate, a versatile protector in inflammation and autoimmunity. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:169-182. [PMID: 34999919 PMCID: PMC8742706 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has potent influence on redox processes, cellular metabolism, and inflammation. It has been intensively studied in numerous animal models of systemic and organ-specific disorders whose pathogenesis involves a strong immune component. Here, basic chemical and biological properties of EP are discussed, with an emphasis on its redox and metabolic activity. Further, its influence on myeloid and T cells is considered, as well as on intracellular signaling beyond its effect on immune cells. Also, the effects of EP on animal models of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders are presented. Finally, a possibility to apply EP as a treatment for such diseases in humans is discussed. Scientific papers cited in this review were identified using the PubMed search engine that relies on the MEDLINE database. The reference list covers the most important findings in the field in the past twenty years.
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Demirci-Çekiç S, Özkan G, Avan AN, Uzunboy S, Çapanoğlu E, Apak R. Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114477. [PMID: 34920302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced during normal metabolism in human body. These species can be both radical and non-radical and have varying degrees of reactivity. Although they have some important functions in the human body, such as contributing to signal transmission and the immune system, their presence must be balanced by the antioxidant defense system. The human body has an excellent intrinsic enzymatic antioxidant system in addition to different non-enzymatic antioxidants having small molecular masses. An extrinsic source of antioxidants are foodstuffs such as fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices, mostly rich in polyphenols. When the delicate biochemical balance between oxidants and antioxidants is disturbed in favor of oxidants, "oxidative stress" conditions emerge, under which reactive species can cause oxidative damage to biomacromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and DNA. This oxidative damage is often associated with cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. Because reactive species are extremely short-lived, it is almost impossible to measure their concentrations directly. Although there are certain methods such as ESR / EPR that serve this purpose, they have some disadvantages and are quite costly systems. Therefore, products generated from oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA are often used to quantify the extent of oxidative damage rather than direct measurement of reactive species. These oxidative damage products are usually known as biomarkers. Determination of the concentrations of these biomarkers and changes in the concentration of protective antioxidants can provide useful information for avoiding certain diseases and keep healthy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Demirci-Çekiç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Özkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Neslihan Avan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Uzunboy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Çapanoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Vedat Dalokay St. No. 112, Cankaya, 06670 Ankara, Turkey.
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Kyriakou S, Tragkola V, Plioukas M, Anestopoulos I, Chatzopoulou PS, Sarrou E, Trafalis DT, Deligiorgi MV, Franco R, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. Chemical and Biological Characterization of the Anticancer Potency of Salvia fruticosa in a Model of Human Malignant Melanoma. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2472. [PMID: 34834834 PMCID: PMC8624467 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of skin cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide. Thus, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches is of great importance. Salvia fruticosa (SF) is known for its anticancer properties and in this context, we aimed to investigate its potential anti-melanoma activity in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma. Cytotoxicity was assessed through a colorimetric-based sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay in primary malignant melanoma (A375), non-malignant melanoma epidermoid carcinoma (A431) and non-tumorigenic melanocyte neighbouring keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Among eight (8) different fractions of S. fruticosa extracts (SF1-SF8) tested, SF3 was found to possess significant cytotoxic activity against A375 cells, while A431 and HaCaT cells remained relatively resistant or exerted no cytotoxicity, respectively. In addition, the total phenolic (Folin-Ciocalteu assay) and total flavonoid content of SF extracts was estimated, whereas the antioxidant capacity was measured via the inhibition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels. Finally, apoptotic cell death was assessed by utilizing a commercially available kit for the activation of caspases - 3, - 8 and - 9. In conclusion, the anti-melanoma properties of SF3 involve the induction of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathway(s), as evidenced by the increased activity levels of caspases - 8, and - 9, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (V.T.); (I.A.)
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Venetia Tragkola
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (V.T.); (I.A.)
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Michael Plioukas
- Department of Life & Health Sciences, School of Sciences & Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus;
| | - Ioannis Anestopoulos
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (V.T.); (I.A.)
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
| | - Paschalina S. Chatzopoulou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Institute of Breeding & Plant Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.S.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Eirini Sarrou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization DEMETER, Institute of Breeding & Plant Genetic Resources, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.S.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Dimitrios T. Trafalis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.T.T.); (M.V.D.)
| | - Maria V. Deligiorgi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (D.T.T.); (M.V.D.)
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- Redox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus; (S.K.); (V.T.); (I.A.)
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Ayios Dometios, Nicosia 2371, Cyprus
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Saito Y. Diverse cytoprotective actions of vitamin E isoforms- role as peroxyl radical scavengers and complementary functions with selenoproteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:121-129. [PMID: 34481936 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin E, a generic term for tocopherol (T) and tocotrienol (T3), is one of the most potent lipid-soluble antioxidants in the body. It is classified into T and T3 based on the difference in the side chain structure. T and T3 have four isoforms: α-, β-, γ-, and δ, which have different chroman rings. Both T and T3 exhibit a similar ability to scavenge free radicals, and the extent of this ability depends on the difference in the chroman structure. However, they display unique cytoprotective activities in cultured cells depending on the difference in the side chain structure. The cytoprotective effects of vitamin E have received much attention in the prevention of ferroptosis, which is a distinct form of cell death involving iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. This review focuses on the cytoprotective actions of vitamin E isoforms against oxidative stress, particularly the difference between T and T3 and its relation to cellular uptake and distribution. Moreover, the molecular mechanism for cytoprotection of vitamin E oxidation products is explained, and the complementary role of vitamin E and selenoproteins to prevent lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis is described. Furthermore, the evaluation of vitamin E's radical scavenging activity in vivo using oxidative stress markers is discussed, particularly based on kinetic data and the physiological molar ratio of vitamin E to substrates, and the limited role of vitamin E as a peroxyl radical scavenger is described. The future directions and unresolved issues related to vitamin E and lipid peroxidation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University C301, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan.
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Potential Use of Copper-Contaminated Soils for Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Cultivation. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8110111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To mitigate climate change, reducing greenhouse gas emissions can be achieved by decreasing the use of fossil fuels and increasing that of alternative sources, such as energy crops. However, one of the most important problems in the use of biomass as a fuel is that of changing soil use and consumption, leading to competition with food crops. We addressed the topic by evaluating the possibility to exploit contaminated areas for energy crops cultivation. Indeed, soil contamination makes land inappropriate for cultivation, with damaging consequences for ecosystems, as well as posing serious health hazards to living beings. Specifically, this work aimed to evaluate the ability of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) plants to grow on a copper (Cu)-contaminated medium. In addition, the effectiveness of an environment-friendly treatment with sulfate in improving plant ability to cope with Cu-induced oxidative stress was also explored. Results showed that plants were able to grow at high Cu concentrations. Therefore, hemp could represent an interesting energy crop in Cu-contaminated soils. Although the response of Cu-treated plants was evidenced by the increase in thiol content, following modulation of sulfur metabolism, it remains to be clarified whether the use of exogenous sulfate could be an agronomic practice to improve crop performance under these edaphic conditions.
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Scheuer T, dem Brinke EA, Grosser S, Wolf SA, Mattei D, Sharkovska Y, Barthel PC, Endesfelder S, Friedrich V, Bührer C, Vida I, Schmitz T. Reduction of cortical parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons in a rodent hyperoxia model of preterm birth brain injury with deficits in social behavior and cognition. Development 2021; 148:272278. [PMID: 34557899 DOI: 10.1242/dev.198390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory GABAergic system in the brain is involved in the etiology of various psychiatric problems, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and others. These disorders are influenced not only by genetic but also by environmental factors, such as preterm birth, although the underlying mechanisms are not known. In a translational hyperoxia model, exposing mice pups at P5 to 80% oxygen for 48 h to mimic a steep rise of oxygen exposure caused by preterm birth from in utero into room air, we documented a persistent reduction of cortical mature parvalbumin-expressing interneurons until adulthood. Developmental delay of cortical myelin was observed, together with decreased expression of oligodendroglial glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a factor involved in interneuronal development. Electrophysiological and morphological properties of remaining interneurons were unaffected. Behavioral deficits were observed for social interaction, learning and attention. These results demonstrate that neonatal oxidative stress can lead to decreased interneuron density and to psychiatric symptoms. The obtained cortical myelin deficit and decreased oligodendroglial GDNF expression indicate that an impaired oligodendroglial-interneuronal interplay contributes to interneuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Scheuer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Elena Auf dem Brinke
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Sabine Grosser
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Susanne A Wolf
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13125, Germany.,Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Daniele Mattei
- Cellular Neurocience, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13125, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Zurich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Yuliya Sharkovska
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany.,Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin 10178, Germany
| | - Paula C Barthel
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany.,Institute for Cell and Neurobiology, Center for Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Stefanie Endesfelder
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Vivien Friedrich
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin 10178, Germany
| | - Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Imre Vida
- Institute for Integrative Neuroanatomy, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz
- Department of Neonatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13353, Germany
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Investigation of Lipoproteins Oxidation Mechanisms by the Analysis of Lipid Hydroperoxide Isomers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101598. [PMID: 34679733 PMCID: PMC8533262 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous formation and accumulation of oxidized lipids (e.g., lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH)) which are present even in plasma lipoproteins of healthy subjects, are ultimately considered to be linked to various diseases. Because lipid peroxidation mechanisms (i.e., radical, singlet oxygen, and enzymatic oxidation) can be suppressed by certain proper antioxidants (e.g., radical oxidation is efficiently suppressed by tocopherol), in order to suppress lipid peroxidation successfully, the determination of the peroxidation mechanism involved in the formation of LOOH is deemed crucial. In this study, to determine the peroxidation mechanisms of plasma lipoproteins of healthy subjects, we develop novel analytical methods using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine hydroperoxide (PC 16:0/18:2;OOH) and cholesteryl linoleate hydroperoxide (CE 18:2;OOH) isomers. Using the newly developed methods, these PC 16:0/18:2;OOH and CE 18:2;OOH isomers in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of healthy subjects are analyzed. Consequently, it is found that predominant PC 16:0/18:2;OOH and CE 18:2;OOH isomers in LDL and HDL are PC 16:0/18:2;9OOH, PC 16:0/18:2;13OOH, CE 18:2;9OOH, and CE 18:2;13OOH, which means that PC and CE in LDL and HDL are mainly oxidized by radical and/or enzymatic oxidation. In conclusion, the insights about the oxidation mechanisms shown in this study would be useful for a more effective suppression of oxidative stress in the human organism.
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Kato S, Shimizu N, Ogura Y, Otoki Y, Ito J, Sakaino M, Sano T, Kuwahara S, Takekoshi S, Imagi J, Nakagawa K. Structural Analysis of Lipid Hydroperoxides Using Mass Spectrometry with Alkali Metals. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2399-2409. [PMID: 34382801 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid oxidation is involved in various biological phenomena (e.g., oxylipin generation and oxidative stress). Of oxidized lipid structures, the hydroperoxyl group position of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) is a critical factor in determining their biological roles. Despite such interest, current methods to determine hydroperoxyl group positions possess some drawbacks such as selectivity. While we previously reported mass spectrometric methods using Na+ for the highly selective determination of hydroperoxyl group positions, nothing was known except for the fact that sodiated LOOHs (mainly linoleate) provide specific fragment ions. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of different alkali metals on the fragmentation of LOOHs, assuming its further application to analysis of other complex LOOHs. From the analysis of PC 16:0/18:2;OOH (phosphatidylcholine) and FA 18:2;OOH (fatty acid), we found that fragmentation pathways and ion intensities largely depend on the binding position and type of alkali metals (i.e., Li+, Hock fragmentation; Na+ and K+, α-cleavage (Na+ > K+); Rb+ and Cs+, no fragmentation). Furthermore, we proved that this method can be applied to determine the hydroperoxyl group position of esterified lipids (e.g., phospholipids and cholesterol esters) as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including n-3, n-6, and n-9 FA. We anticipate that the insights described in this study provide additional unique insights to conventional lipid oxidation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Kato
- J-Oil Mills Innovation Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimizu
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ogura
- Laboratory of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - Yurika Otoki
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - Junya Ito
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Sakaino
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
- Food Design Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0053, Japan
| | - Takashi Sano
- Food Design Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0053, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Kuwahara
- Laboratory of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - Susumu Takekoshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Jun Imagi
- J-Oil Mills Innovation Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan
- Food Design Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0053, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- J-Oil Mills Innovation Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
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Perrelli A, Retta SF. Polymorphisms in genes related to oxidative stress and inflammation: Emerging links with the pathogenesis and severity of Cerebral Cavernous Malformation disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:403-417. [PMID: 34175437 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) is a cerebrovascular disease of genetic origin affecting 0.5% of the population and characterized by abnormally enlarged and leaky capillaries that predispose to seizures, neurological deficits, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). CCM occurs sporadically or is inherited as dominant condition with incomplete penetrance and highly variable expressivity. Three disease genes have been identified: KRIT1 (CCM1), CCM2 and CCM3. Previous results demonstrated that loss-of-function mutations of CCM genes cause pleiotropic effects, including defective autophagy, altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, and enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress and inflammatory events, suggesting a novel unifying pathogenetic mechanism, and raising the possibility that CCM disease onset and severity are influenced by the presence of susceptibility and modifier genes. Consistently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in large and homogeneous cohorts of patients sharing the familial form of CCM disease and identical mutations in CCM genes have led to the discovery of distinct genetic modifiers of major disease severity phenotypes, such as development of numerous and large CCM lesions, and susceptibility to ICH. This review deals with the identification of genetic modifiers with a significant impact on inter-individual variability in CCM disease onset and severity, including highly polymorphic genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammatory and immune responses, such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), and Toll-like receptors (TLR), pointing to their emerging prognostic value, and opening up new perspectives for risk stratification and personalized medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Perrelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy; CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy.
| | - Saverio Francesco Retta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy; CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy.
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37
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Melatonin Increases Life Span, Restores the Locomotor Activity, and Reduces Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) in Transgenic Knockdown Parkin Drosophila melanogaster Exposed to Paraquat or Paraquat/Iron. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1551-1563. [PMID: 34339012 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00397-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex progressive neurodegenerative disorder involving impairment of bodily movement caused by the specific destruction of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons. Mounting evidence suggests that PD might be triggered by an interplay between environmental neurotoxicants (e.g., paraquat, PQ), heavy metals (e.g., iron), and gene alterations (e.g., PARKIN gene). Unfortunately, there are no therapies currently available that protect, slow, delay, or prevent the progression of PD. Melatonin (Mel, N-acetyl-5-methoxy tryptamine) is a natural hormone with pleiotropic functions including receptor-independent pathways which might be useful in the treatment of PD. Therefore, as a chemical molecule, it has been shown that Mel prolonged the lifespan and locomotor activity, and reduced lipid peroxidation (LPO) in wild-type Canton-S flies exposed to PQ, suggesting antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. However, it is not yet known whether Mel can protect or prevent the genetic model parkin deficient in flies against oxidative stress (OS) stimuli. Here, we show that Mel (0.5, 1, 3 mM) significantly extends the life span and locomotor activity of TH > parkin-RNAi/ + Drosophila melanogaster flies (> 15 days) compared to untreated flies. Knock-down (K-D) parkin flies treated with PQ (1 mM) or PQ (1 mM)/iron (1 mM) significantly diminished the survival index and climbing abilities (e.g., 50% of flies were dead and locomotor impairment by days 4 and 3, respectively). Remarkably, Mel reverted the noxious effect of PQ or PQ/iron combination in K-D parkin. Indeed, Mel protects TH > parkin-RNAi/ + Drosophila melanogaster flies against PQ- or PQ/iron-induced diminish survival, locomotor impairment, and LPO (e.g., 50% of flies were death and locomotor impairment by days 6 and 9, respectively). Similarly, Mel prevented K-D parkin flies against both PQ and PQ/iron. Taken together, these findings suggest that Mel can be safely used as an antioxidant and neuroprotectant agent against OS-stimuli in selective individuals at risk to suffer early-onset Parkinsonism and PD.
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38
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Metabolomics in asthma: A platform for discovery. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 85:100990. [PMID: 34281719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodeling, is a chronic airway disease with complex etiology. Severe asthma is characterized by frequent exacerbations and poor therapeutic response to conventional asthma therapy. A clear understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of asthma is critical for the discovery of novel targets for optimal therapeutic control of asthma. Metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool to elucidate novel disease mechanisms in a variety of diseases. In this review, we summarize the current status of knowledge in asthma metabolomics at systemic and cellular levels. The findings demonstrate that various metabolic pathways, related to energy metabolism, macromolecular biosynthesis and redox signaling, are differentially modulated in asthma. Airway smooth muscle cell plays pivotal roles in asthma by contributing to airway hyperreactivity, inflammatory mediator release and remodeling. We posit that metabolomic profiling of airway structural cells, including airway smooth muscle cells, will shed light on molecular mechanisms of asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness and help identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Podbielska M, O’Keeffe J, Pokryszko-Dragan A. New Insights into Multiple Sclerosis Mechanisms: Lipids on the Track to Control Inflammation and Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147319. [PMID: 34298940 PMCID: PMC8303889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disease with complex pathogenesis, including two main processes: immune-mediated inflammatory demyelination and progressive degeneration with axonal loss. Despite recent progress in our understanding and management of MS, availability of sensitive and specific biomarkers for these both processes, as well as neuroprotective therapeutic options targeted at progressive phase of disease, are still being sought. Given their abundance in the myelin sheath, lipids are believed to play a central role in underlying immunopathogenesis in MS and seem to be a promising subject of investigation in this field. On the basis of our previous research and a review of the literature, we discuss the current understanding of lipid-related mechanisms involved in active relapse, remission, and progression of MS. These insights highlight potential usefulness of lipid markers in prediction or monitoring the course of MS, particularly in its progressive stage, still insufficiently addressed. Furthermore, they raise hope for new, effective, and stage-specific treatment options, involving lipids as targets or carriers of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Podbielska
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Laboratory of Microbiome Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology & Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-370-9912
| | - Joan O’Keeffe
- Department of Analytical, Biopharmaceutical and Medical Sciences, School of Science & Computing, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Galway, Ireland;
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Zhong N, Yao Y, Ma Y, Meng X, Sowanou A, Pei J. Effects of Fluoride on Oxidative Stress Markers of Lipid, Gene, and Protein in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:2238-2246. [PMID: 32789643 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endemic fluorosis is a systemic chronic disease caused by excessive intake of fluoride. It is widely accepted that oxidative stress is closely related to fluorosis; however, molecular mechanism of oxidative stress in fluorosis remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of fluoride (F) on oxidative stress markers of lipid, gene, and protein in rats for revealing molecular mechanism of oxidative stress in fluorosis. The results showed concentration and exposure time of fluoride both had a significant effect on MDA and 8-OHdG. Fluoride concentration significantly impacted AGEs level, but exposure time did not. AOPP was not statistically different among the groups. AGEs decreased with the increase of fluoride in the rats with 3 months of fluoride treatment. The correlation analysis showed the degree of dental fluorosis was significantly negatively correlated with 8-OHdG at 1 month and 3 months, and negatively correlated with AGEs at 3 months. In the rats with 100 mg/L of fluoride treatment, MDA was significant positively correlated with 8-OHdG, and negatively correlated with AGEs. 8-OHdG was significantly negatively correlated with AGEs in the control group and 100 mg/L fluoride group. Taken together, fluoride had different effects on oxidative stress markers of lipid, gene, and protein. Excessive fluoride could increase MDA content, and decrease 8-OHdG and AGEs. These findings suggest that oxidative stress involved in molecular pathogenesis of fluorosis is complicated, and needs to furtherly study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhong
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Kaschin-Beck Disease Control, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yingjie Yao
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Kaschin-Beck Disease Control, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yongzheng Ma
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Kaschin-Beck Disease Control, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xinyue Meng
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Kaschin-Beck Disease Control, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Alphonse Sowanou
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Kaschin-Beck Disease Control, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Junrui Pei
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Kaschin-Beck Disease Control, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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41
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Sharma S, Advani D, Das A, Malhotra N, Khosla A, Arora V, Jha A, Yadav M, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Pharmacological intervention in oxidative stress as a therapeutic target in neurological disorders. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:461-484. [PMID: 34050648 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress is a major cellular burden that triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants that modulate signalling mechanisms. Byproducts generated from this process govern the brain pathology and functions in various neurological diseases. As oxidative stress remains the key therapeutic target in neurological disease, it is necessary to explore the multiple routes that can significantly repair the damage caused due to ROS and consequently, neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase is the critical player of oxidative stress that can also be used as a therapeutic target to combat NDDs. KEY FINDINGS Several antioxidants signalling pathways are found to be associated with oxidative stress and show a protective effect against stressors by increasing the release of various cytoprotective enzymes and also exert anti-inflammatory response against this oxidative damage. These pathways along with antioxidants and reactive species can be the defined targets to eliminate or reduce the harmful effects of neurological diseases. SUMMARY Herein, we discussed the underlying mechanism and crucial role of antioxidants in therapeutics together with natural compounds as a pharmacological tool to combat the cellular deformities cascades caused due to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Sharma
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Dia Advani
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Nishtha Malhotra
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Khosla
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Vanshika Arora
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Jha
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Megha Yadav
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi, India
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Qian H, Lei T, Hu Y, Lei P. Expression of Lipid-Metabolism Genes Is Correlated With Immune Microenvironment and Predicts Prognosis in Osteosarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:673827. [PMID: 33937273 PMCID: PMC8085431 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.673827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Osteosarcoma was the most popular primary malignant tumor in children and adolescent, and the 5-year survival of osteosarcoma patients gained no substantial improvement over the past 35 years. This study aims to explore the role of lipid metabolism in the development and diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Methods Clinical information and corresponding RNA data of osteosarcoma patients were downloaded from TRGET and GEO databases. Consensus clustering was performed to identify new molecular subgroups. ESTIMATE, TIMER and ssGSEA analyses were applied to determinate the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and immune status of the identified subgroups. Functional analyses including GO, KEGG, GSVA and GSEA analyses were conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Prognostic risk model was constructed using LASSO algorithm and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results Two molecular subgroups with significantly different survival were identified. Better prognosis was associated with high immune score, low tumor purity, high abundance of immune infiltrating cells and relatively high immune status. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the DEGs between the two subgroups were mainly enriched in immune- and bone remodeling-associated pathways. GSVA and GSEA analyses indicated that, lipid catabolism downregulation and lipid hydroxylation upregulation may impede the bone remodeling and development of immune system. Risk model based on lipid metabolism related genes (LMRGs) showed potent potential for survival prediction in osteosarcoma. Nomogram integrating risk model and clinical characteristics could predict the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients accurately. Conclusion Expression of lipid-metabolism genes is correlated with immune microenvironment of osteosarcoma patients and could be applied to predict the prognosis of in osteosarcoma accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Qian
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Changsha, China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Lei
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Changsha, China
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Xie W, Kim KH, Vince R, More SS. The Amyloid Aggregation Accelerator Diacetyl Prevents Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Mouse Models. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1355-1366. [PMID: 33857375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diacetyl (DA), a food flavorant, is linked with occupational lung disease. Our in vitro experiments described the formation of a covalent adduct by DA with Arg5 of the Aβ1-42 peptide, which resulted in only a transient increase in neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. However, in vivo implications of these effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the APP/PS1 transgenic AD mouse model, DA treatment did not exacerbate learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze test. Moreover, DA increased the Aβ1-42 plaque burden and decreased neuronal inflammation in the transgenic AD mice. Additionally, cognitive impairment induced by intracerebroventricular Aβ1-42 was restored by the DA treatment, as assessed by the T-maze test. A corresponding mitigation of neuronal inflammation was also observed in the hippocampus of these nontransgenic mice due to the acceleration of Aβ1-42 aggregation by DA into nontoxic plaques. The data from SDS-PAGE, dot-blot, and TEM in vitro experiments corroborated the acceleration of the Aβ1-42 aggregation observed in vivo in AD animal models and characterized the DA-induced formation of Aβ1-42 fibrils. Such Aβ1-42-DA fibrils were unstable in the presence of detergent and amenable to detection by the thioflavin T reagent, thus underscoring the distinct assembly of these fibrils compared to that of the fibrils of the native Aβ1-42. Taken together, the results of this study present for the first time the in vivo implications of the DA-induced acceleration of Aβ1-42 and may provide a strategy for the rational design of Aβ1-42 aggregation accelerators as AD therapeutics that promote oligomer-free Aβ1-42 fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kwan Hyun Kim
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Robert Vince
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Swati S More
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Comprehensive analysis of PPARγ agonist activities of stereo-, regio-, and enantio-isomers of hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222599. [PMID: 32266936 PMCID: PMC7198041 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acids (HODEs) are produced by oxidation and reduction of linoleates. There are several regio- and stereo-isomers of HODE, and their concentrations in vivo are higher than those of other lipids. Although conformational isomers may have different biological activities, comparative analysis of intracellular function of HODE isomers has not yet been performed. We evaluated the transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a therapeutic target for diabetes, and analyzed PPARγ agonist activity of HODE isomers. The lowest scores for docking poses of 12 types of HODE isomers (9-, 10-, 12-, and 13-HODEs) were almost similar in docking simulation of HODEs into PPARγ ligand-binding domain (LBD). Direct binding of HODE isomers to PPARγ LBD was determined by water-ligand observed via gradient spectroscopy (WaterLOGSY) NMR experiments. In contrast, there were differences in PPARγ agonist activities among 9- and 13-HODE stereo-isomers and 12- and 13-HODE enantio-isomers in a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Interestingly, the activity of 9-HODEs was less than that of other regio-isomers, and 9-(E,E)-HODE tended to decrease PPARγ-target gene expression during the maturation of 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, 10- and 12-(Z,E)-HODEs, which we previously proposed as biomarkers for early-stage diabetes, exerted PPARγ agonist activity. These results indicate that all HODE isomers have PPARγ-binding affinity; however, they have different PPARγ agonist activity. Our findings may help to understand the biological function of lipid peroxidation products.
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Lipid peroxidation products as a mediator of toxicity and adaptive response - The regulatory role of selenoprotein and vitamin E. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 703:108840. [PMID: 33744199 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation and its products have been investigated extensively and their biological importance, particularly in relation to physiological and pathophysiological conditions, has received considerable attention. Lipids are oxidized by three distinct mechanisms, i.e., enzymatic oxidation, nonenzymatic, free radical-mediated oxidation, and nonenzymatic, nonradical-mediated oxidation, which respectively yield specific products. Lipid hydroperoxides are the major primary products formed and are reduced to the corresponding hydroxides by antioxidative enzymes such as selenoproteins, and/or undergo secondary oxidation, generating various products with electrophilic properties, such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Lipid peroxidation induces a loss of fine structure and natural function of lipids, and can produce cytotoxicity and/or novel biological activity. This review broadly discusses the mechanisms of lipid peroxidation and its products, its utility as a biomarker for oxidative stress, the biological effects of lipid peroxidation products, including their action as a mediator of the adaptive response, and the role of the antioxidant system, particularly selenoproteins and vitamin E, in preventing lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis.
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Menzel A, Samouda H, Dohet F, Loap S, Ellulu MS, Bohn T. Common and Novel Markers for Measuring Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Ex Vivo in Research and Clinical Practice-Which to Use Regarding Disease Outcomes? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030414. [PMID: 33803155 PMCID: PMC8001241 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many chronic conditions such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type-2 diabetes, obesity, peripheral/coronary artery disease and auto-immune diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation. Closely related to inflammation is oxidative stress (OS), which can be either causal or secondary to inflammation. While a low level of OS is physiological, chronically increased OS is deleterious. Therefore, valid biomarkers of these signalling pathways may enable detection and following progression of OS/inflammation as well as to evaluate treatment efficacy. Such biomarkers should be stable and obtainable through non-invasive methods and their determination should be affordable and easy. The most frequently used inflammatory markers include acute-phase proteins, essentially CRP, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen and procalcitonin, and cytokines, predominantly TNFα, interleukins 1β, 6, 8, 10 and 12 and their receptors and IFNγ. Some cytokines appear to be disease-specific. Conversely, OS-being ubiquitous-and its biomarkers appear less disease or tissue-specific. These include lipid peroxidation products, e.g., F2-isoprostanes and malondialdehyde, DNA breakdown products (e.g., 8-OH-dG), protein adducts (e.g., carbonylated proteins), or antioxidant status. More novel markers include also -omics related ones, as well as non-invasive, questionnaire-based measures, such as the dietary inflammatory-index (DII), but their link to biological responses may be variable. Nevertheless, many of these markers have been clearly related to a number of diseases. However, their use in clinical practice is often limited, due to lacking analytical or clinical validation, or technical challenges. In this review, we strive to highlight frequently employed and useful markers of inflammation-related OS, including novel promising markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Menzel
- Laboratoires Réunis, 38, Rue Hiehl, L-6131 Junglinster, Luxembourg; (A.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Hanen Samouda
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
| | - Francois Dohet
- Laboratoires Réunis, 38, Rue Hiehl, L-6131 Junglinster, Luxembourg; (A.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Suva Loap
- Clinic Cryo Esthetic, 11 Rue Éblé, 75007 Paris, France;
| | - Mohammed S. Ellulu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University of Gaza (AUG), Gaza City 00970, Palestine;
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
- Correspondence:
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Biomarkers of disease severity in vivax malaria. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:1437-1446. [PMID: 33532947 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe complications have been observed and established for Plasmodium falciparum as well as P. vivax infections worldwide. Although P. vivax infection is not fully acknowledged as malignant malaria, recently life-threatening complications have been reported to occur in many studies. The recognition of biomarkers with excellent sensitivity and reliability plays a prime role in disease management. Acute inflammatory response and oxidative stress are observed in malaria due to the production of reactive oxygen species. Lipid and protein oxidative injuries are prospective biomarkers for disease severity owing to the damage caused by the parasite. We have tried to find out whether protein carbonylation (PC), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) could suffice as a biomarker for severe vivax malaria or not. Blood samples were collected from the individuals attending Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College of Aligarh Muslim University during the wet season of malaria transmission. Microscopy and rapid diagnostic kits were used as a tool for malaria diagnosis. A total of 214 subjects were enrolled for the study: 30 febrile controls and 184 subjects with vivax malaria. Protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation were found to be directly associated with parasite count and total antioxidant status (TAS). Increase in oxidative stress was also observed in severe vivax malaria patients. Levels of uric acid and bilirubin too were raised in complicated cases. Protein carbonylation was found to be a more reliable indicator of vivax malaria severity than lipid peroxidation.
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Roubalová L, Vošahlíková M, Slaninová J, Kaufman J, Alda M, Svoboda P. Tissue-specific protective properties of lithium: comparison of rat kidney, erythrocytes and brain. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:955-965. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-02036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Won EJ, Kim D, Yoo JW, In S, Shin KH, Lee YM. Oxidative stress responses in brackish water flea exposed to microcystin-LR and algal bloom waters from Nakdong River, Republic of Korea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 162:111868. [PMID: 33279800 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis blooms and the impact of their toxins, particularly microcystin (MC), in coastal ecosystems is an emerging threat, but the species-specific effects of MC and the potential for bioconcentration are not fully understood. We exposed the brackish water flea, Diaphanosoma celebensis, to MC-LR, which showed antioxidant responses measured at the molecular to enzyme levels but no acute toxicity. We extended our experimental investigation to measure the released MC and its uptake by D. celebensis exposed to river water. In a short-term exposure (48 h) experiment, D. celebensis exposed to water from an algal bloom (approximately 2 μg L-1 MC) assimilated more than 50 pg MC per individual. The significant increase of MCs suggests the potential for the species to accumulate MCs. The dose-dependent increase in the antioxidant response observed in the mRNA levels also showed that D. celebensis exposed to diluted algal bloom waters were affected by toxins from cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dokyun Kim
- Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon In
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
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Mousapasandi A, Loke WSJ, Herbert CA, Thomas PS. Oxidative stress in lung cancer. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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