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Gonzalez Berrios CL, Bowden CF, Saad HM, Bishop JV, Van Campen H, Pinedo P, Hansen TR, Thomas MG. Identification of candidate SNPs associated with embryo mortality and fertility traits in lactating Holstein cows. Front Genet 2024; 15:1409335. [PMID: 39184351 PMCID: PMC11341358 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1409335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Targeted single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been used in genomic prediction methodologies to enhance the accuracy of associated genetic transmitting abilities in Holstein cows. The objective of this study was to identify and validate SNPs associated with fertility traits impacting early embryo mortality. Methods: The mRNA sequencing data from day 16 normal (n = 9) and embryo mortality (n = 6) conceptuses from lactating multiparous Holstein cows were used to detect SNPs. The selection of specific genes with SNPs as preliminary candidates was based on associations with reproductive and fertility traits. Validation of candidate SNPs and genotype-to-phenotype analyses were conducted in a separate cohort of lactating primiparous Holstein cows (n = 500). After genotyping, candidate SNPs were filtered using a quality control pipeline via PLINK software. Continuous numeric and binary models from reproductive traits were evaluated using the mixed procedure for a generalized linear model-one way ANOVA or logistic regression, respectively. Results: Sixty-nine candidate SNPs were initially identified, but only 23 passed quality control procedures. Ultimately, the study incorporated 466 observations for statistical analysis after excluding animals with missing genotypes or phenotypes. Significant (p <0.05) associations with fertility traits were identified in seven of the 23 SNPs: DSC2 (cows with the A allele were older at first calving); SREBF1 and UBD (cows with the T or G alleles took longer to conceive); DECR1 and FASN (cows with the C allele were less likely to become pregnant at first artificial insemination); SREBF1 and BOLA-DMB (cows with the T allele were less likely to be pregnant at 150 days in milk). It was also determined that two candidate SNPs within the DSC2 gene were tag SNPs. Only DSC2 SNPs had an important allele substitution effect in cows with the G allele, which had a decreased age at first calving by 10 days. Discussion: Candidate SNPs found in this study could be used to develop genetic selection tools to improve fertility traits in dairy production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina L. Gonzalez Berrios
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Courtney F. Bowden
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Hamad M. Saad
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Station, Beeville, TX, United States
| | - Jeanette V. Bishop
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Hana Van Campen
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Pablo Pinedo
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Thomas R. Hansen
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Milton G. Thomas
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Station, Beeville, TX, United States
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Hong L, Xiao S, Diao L, Lian R, Chen C, Zeng Y, Liu S. Decreased AMPK/SIRT1/PDK4 induced by androgen excess inhibits human endometrial stromal cell decidualization in PCOS. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:324. [PMID: 39080028 PMCID: PMC11335245 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. Ovulatory dysfunction is recognized as a primary infertile factor, however, even when ovulation is medically induced and restored, PCOS patients continue to experience reduced cumulative pregnancy rates and a higher spontaneous miscarriage rate. Hyperandrogenism, a hallmark feature of PCOS, affects ovarian folliculogenesis, endometrial receptivity, and the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Decidualization denotes the transformation that the stromal compart of the endometrium must undergo to accommodate pregnancy, driven by the rising progesterone levels and local cAMP production. However, studies on the impact of hyperandrogenism on decidualization are limited. In this study, we observed that primary endometrial stromal cells from women with PCOS exhibit abnormal responses to progesterone during in vitro decidualization. A high concentration of testosterone inhibits human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) decidualization. RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) expression was significantly lower in the endometrium of PCOS patients with hyperandrogenism compared to those without hyperandrogenism. We also characterized that the expression of PDK4 is elevated in the endometrium stroma at the mid-secretory phase. Artificial decidualization could enhance PDK4 expression, while downregulation of PDK4 leads to abnormal decidualization both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, testosterone excess inhibits IGFBP1 and PRL expression, followed by phosphorylating of AMPK that stimulates PDK4 expression. Based on co-immunoprecipitation analysis, we observed an interaction between SIRT1 and PDK4, promoting glycolysis to facilitate decidualization. Restrain of AR activation resumes the AMPK/SIRT1/PDK4 pathway suppressed by testosterone excess, indicating that testosterone primarily acts on decidualization through AR stimulation. Androgen excess in the endometrium inhibits decidualization by disrupting the AMPK/SIRT1/PDK4 signaling pathway. These data demonstrate the critical roles of endometrial PDK4 in regulating decidualization and provide valuable information for understanding the underlying mechanism during decidualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Hong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruochun Lian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong, China
| | - Su Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong, China.
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Sakumoto R. Role of chemokines in regulating luteal and uterine functions in pregnant cows. J Reprod Dev 2024; 70:145-151. [PMID: 38403584 PMCID: PMC11153120 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2023-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is intricately regulated by the interactions between various bioactive substances secreted by the conceptus, uterus, and corpus luteum (CL). Interferon-τ, synthesized and secreted by the conceptus, plays a central role in the interaction mechanism of maternal recognition in cows. Chemokines, chemotaxis mediators that are primarily secreted by immune cells, regulate various reproductive responses in various species. Although there are scattered reports on the potential roles of chemokines in the bovine CL and the uterus during the estrous cycle, there is little information on chemokines in these organs during pregnancy. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the possible physiological roles of chemokines in the CL and uterus of pregnant cows, focusing on our recent findings on chemokines and changes in their receptor expression in the CL and endometrium of cows at some stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sakumoto
- Division of Advanced Feeding Technology Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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Peixoto PM, Bromfield JJ, Ribeiro ES, Santos JEP, Thatcher WW, Bisinotto RS. Transcriptome changes associated with elongation of bovine conceptuses II: Differentially expressed transcripts in the endometrium on day 17 after insemination. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:9763-9777. [PMID: 37641338 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to characterize endometrial transcriptome on d 17 of gestation in dairy cows according to conceptus length. Nonlactating Holstein cows (n = 48) were slaughtered 17 d after AI and the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL) was flushed with saline solution. Recovered conceptuses were classified as small (1.2-6.9 cm; n = 9), medium (10.5-16.0 cm; n = 9), or large (18.0-26.4 cm; n = 10). Samples of intercaruncular endometrium dissected from the caudal, intermediate, and cranial portions of the uterine horn ipsilateral to the pregnancy were pooled for analyses. Total mRNA was extracted from endometrial tissue and subjected to transcriptome analyses using the Affymetrix Gene Chip Bovine array. Data were normalized using the GCRMA method and analyzed by robust regression using the Linear Models for Microarray library within Bioconductor in R. Transcripts with P ≤ 0.05 after adjustment for false discovery rate and fold change ≥1.5 were considered differentially expressed. Functional analyses were conducted using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis platform. Comparisons between endometria of cows carrying large versus small (LvsS), large versus medium (LvsM), and medium versus small (MvsS) conceptuses yielded a total of 235, 21, and 94 differentially expressed transcripts, respectively. Top canonical pathways included the antigen presentation pathway and Th1/Th2 activation pathways, both for LvsS and MvsS. Interferon-α and -γ were identified as activated upstream regulators, primarily based on differently expressed transcripts such as IDO1, ISG20, WARS, LGALS9, IFI44, and PSMB9 (LvsS and MvsS). For LvsS, regulator analyses revealed predicted activation of FOXO1, IFN, NFACTC2, IL-12, IL-6, and IL-18, whereas it depicted inhibition of IL10RA and ZBTB1. Changes in these regulators were associated with a downstream activation of leukocytes, as well as quantity and expansion of T lymphocytes. Canonical pathways associated with the comparison LvsM included cell cycle G2/M DNA damage checkpoint regulation, cell cycle control of chromosomal replication. Moreover, tretinoin was predicted, as activated in upstream analysis for the same comparison. In conclusion, most of the differently expressed transcripts in the endometrium on d 17 of gestation were identified between cows carrying small conceptuses compared with counterparts carrying medium and large conceptuses and were involved with pathways associated with modulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Peixoto
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive, and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - J J Bromfield
- Department of Animal Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608
| | - E S Ribeiro
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - J E P Santos
- Department of Animal Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608
| | - W W Thatcher
- Department of Animal Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608
| | - R S Bisinotto
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive, and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.
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Hansen PJ. Perspective: Can early embryonic losses be reduced in lactating dairy cows? J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6593-6596. [PMID: 37210359 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0910.
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Amaral TF, Xiao Y, Jeensuk S, Maia TS, Cuellar CJ, Gingerich CA, Scheffler TL, Hansen PJ. Presence of KREMEN receptors for DKK1 in the preimplantation bovine embryo. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2023; 4:RAF-23-0021. [PMID: 37582174 PMCID: PMC10620448 DOI: 10.1530/raf-23-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The WNT inhibitory protein DKK1 has been shown to regulate development of the preimplantation embryo to the blastocyst stage. In cattle, DKK1 increases the number of trophectoderm cells that are the precursor of the placenta. DKK1 can affect cells by blocking WNT signaling through its receptors KREMEN1 and KREMEN2. Here it was shown that the mRNA for KREMEN1 and KREMEN2 decline as the embryo advances in development. Nonetheless, immunoreactive KREMEN1 was identified in blastocysts using Western blotting. DKK1 also decreased amount of immunoreactive CTNNB1 in blastocysts, as would be expected if DKK1 was signaling through a KREMEN-mediated pathway. Thus, it is likely that KREMEN1 functions as a receptor for DKK1 in the preimplantation bovine embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Fernandes Amaral
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Genus PLC/ABS, Mogi Mirim, SP, Brazil
| | - Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of MARA, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Surawich Jeensuk
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Livestock Development, Bureau of Biotechnology in Livestock Production, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Tatiane Silva Maia
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Camila J Cuellar
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Chloe A Gingerich
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Tracy L Scheffler
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Sadeghi M, Andani MR, Hajian M, Sanei N, Moradi-Hajidavaloo R, Mahvash N, Jafarpour F, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Developmental competence of IVF and SCNT goat embryos is improved by inhibition of canonical WNT signaling. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281331. [PMID: 37075045 PMCID: PMC10115261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific role of the canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway during the preimplantation development of goat remains unclear. Our objective was to investigate the expression of β-CATENIN, one of the critical components of Wnt signaling pathway, in IVF embryos and compare it with SCNT embryos in goat. In addition, we evaluated the consequence of inhibition of β-catenin using IWR1. Initially, we observed cytoplasmic expression of β-CATENIN in 2 and 8-16 cell stage embryos and membranous expression of β-CATENIN in compact morula and blastocyst stages. Furthermore, while we observed exclusively membranous localization of β-catenin in IVF blastocysts, we observed both membranous and cytoplasmic localization in SCNT blastocysts. We observed that Inhibition of WNT signaling by IWR1 during compact morula to blastocyst transition (from day 4 till day 7 of in vitro culture) increased blastocyst formation rate in both IVF and SCNT embryos. In conclusion, it seems that WNT signaling system has functional role in the preimplantation goat embryos, and inhibition of this pathway during the period of compact morula to blastocyst transition (D4-D7) can improve preimplantation embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Sadeghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan), Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rahimi Andani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Sanei
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Moradi-Hajidavaloo
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Mahvash
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan), Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Jafarpour
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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Guadagnin A, Fehlberg L, Thomas B, Sugimoto Y, Shinzato I, Cardoso F. Effect of feeding rumen-protected lysine through the transition period on postpartum uterine health of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:7805-7819. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Dickson MJ, Bishop JV, Hansen TR, Sheldon IM, Bromfield JJ. The endometrial transcriptomic response to pregnancy is altered in cows after uterine infection. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265062. [PMID: 35358206 PMCID: PMC8970397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy induces changes in the transcriptome of the bovine endometrium from 15 days after insemination. However, pregnancy is less likely to occur if cows had a postpartum bacterial infection of the uterus, even after the resolution of disease. We hypothesized that uterine bacterial infection alters the endometrial transcriptomic signature of pregnancy after the resolution of disease. To examine the endometrial transcriptomic signature of pregnancy, cows were inseminated 130 days after intrauterine infusion of pathogenic Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes, subsequently endometrium was collected 16 days after insemination for RNA sequencing. We found 171 pregnancy regulated genes in cows 146 days after bacterial infection. When comparing our findings with previous studies that described the endometrial transcriptomic signature of pregnancy in healthy cows, 24 genes were consistently differentially expressed in pregnancy, including MX1, MX2 and STAT1. However, 12 pregnancy regulated genes were found only in the endometrium of healthy cows, including ISG15 and TRANK1. Furthermore, 28 pregnancy regulated genes were found only in the endometrium of cows following bacterial infection and these were associated with altered iNOS, TLR, and IL-7 signaling pathways. Although 94 predicted upstream regulators were conserved amongst the studies, 14 were found only in the endometrium of pregnant healthy cows, and 5 were found only in cows following bacterial infection, including AIRE, NFKBIA, and DUSP1. In conclusion, there were both consistent and discordant features of the endometrial transcriptomic signature of pregnancy 146 days after intrauterine bacterial infusion. These findings imply that there is an essential transcriptomic signature of pregnancy, but that infection induces long-term changes in the endometrium that affect the transcriptomic response to pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie J. Dickson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Jeanette V. Bishop
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | - Thomas R. Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | | | - John J. Bromfield
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Dirandeh E, Ansari-Pirsaraei Z, Thatcher W. Melatonin as a Smart Protector of Pregnancy in Dairy Cows. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:292. [PMID: 35204175 PMCID: PMC8868556 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The experimental objective was to examine the role of melatonin and its pathways in the maintenance of pregnancy in lactating dairy cows. Blood samples were collected at days 0, 16 and 32 after timed AI from cows (n = 200) in order to consider plasma melatonin concentrations and to conduct AOPP (advanced oxidation products of proteins) and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) tests. Luminal endometrial cells were collected at day 16 using a Cytobrush in all cows to determine mRNA expressions of melatonin receptor 1 (MT1), mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), MDM2 binding protein (MTBP), BCL2-associated X, apoptosis Regulator (BAX), p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA, gene symbol BBC3), mucin 1 (MUC1) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Plasma concentrations of melatonin were significantly greater in pregnant cows diagnosed pregnant at day 16 who sustained pregnancy to day 32 compared to nonpregnant cows at day 16, or pregnant at day 16 and who lost embryos by days 32. Concentrations of AOPP and TBARS were greater in nonpregnant cows at day 16 or pregnant at day 16 and who lost embryos by days 32 compared to those diagnosed pregnant at day 16 and who sustained pregnancy to day 32. In pregnant cows, endometrial mRNA expressions of MDM2, MTBP, MTR1 and LIF were higher compared to pregnant-embryo-loss cows (p < 0.05). In contrast, mRNA expressions of BBC3 and MUC1 were greater at day 16 in pregnant-embryo-loss cows compared to pregnant cows (p < 0.05). In conclusion, melatonin status is a modulator of embryo well-being and maintenance of pregnancy in lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa Dirandeh
- Department of Animal Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Mazandaran 578, Iran;
| | - Zarbakht Ansari-Pirsaraei
- Department of Animal Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Mazandaran 578, Iran;
| | - William Thatcher
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
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Selection and Drift: A Comparison between Historic and Recent Dutch Friesian Cattle and Recent Holstein Friesian Using WGS Data. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030329. [PMID: 35158654 PMCID: PMC8833835 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Over the last century, genetic diversity in the cattle species has been affected by the replacement of many local, dual-purpose breeds with a few specialized, high-output dairy breeds. This replacement caused a sharp decline in the population size of local breeds. In the Netherlands, the local Dutch Friesian breed has gradually been replaced by the Holstein Friesian. This resulted in a rapid decrease in numbers of the Dutch Friesian breed with an associated risk of loss of genetic diversity due to drift. The objective of this study is to investigate genomewide genetic diversity between a group of historic and recent Dutch Friesian bulls and a group of recently used Holstein Friesian bulls. Our findings showed that a large amount of diversity is shared between the three groups, but each of them has some unique genetic identity (12% of the single nucleotide polymorphism were group-specific). The genetic diversity of the Dutch Friesians reduced over time, but this did not lead to higher inbreeding levels—especially, inbreeding due to recent ancestors has not increased. Genetically, the recent Dutch Friesians were slightly more different from Holstein Friesians than the historic Dutch Friesians. Our results also highlighted the presence of several genomic regions that differentiated between the groups. Abstract Over the last century, genetic diversity in many cattle breeds has been affected by the replacement of traditional local breeds with just a few milk-producing breeds. In the Netherlands, the local Dutch Friesian breed (DF) has gradually been replaced by the Holstein Friesian breed (HF). The objective of this study is to investigate genomewide genetic diversity between a group of historically and recently used DF bulls and a group of recently used HF bulls. Genetic material of 12 historic (hDF), 12 recent DF bulls (rDF), and 12 recent HF bulls (rHF) in the Netherlands was sequenced. Based on the genomic information, different parameters—e.g., allele frequencies, inbreeding coefficient, and runs of homozygosity (ROH)—were calculated. Our findings showed that a large amount of diversity is shared between the three groups, but each of them has a unique genetic identity (12% of the single nucleotide polymorphisms were group-specific). The rDF is slightly more diverged from rHF than hDF. The inbreeding coefficient based on runs of homozygosity (Froh) was higher for rDF (0.24) than for hDF (0.17) or rHF (0.13). Our results also displayed the presence of several genomic regions that differentiated between the groups. In addition, thirteen, forty-five, and six ROH islands were identified in hDF, rDF, and rHF, respectively. The genetic diversity of the DF breed reduced over time, but this did not lead to higher inbreeding levels—especially, inbreeding due to recent ancestors was not increased.
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Silva FACC, da Silva GF, Vieira BS, Neto AL, Rocha CC, Lo Turco EG, Nogueira GP, Pugliesi G, Binelli M. Peri-estrus ovarian, uterine, and hormonal variables determine the uterine luminal fluid metabolome in beef heifers. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:1140-1153. [PMID: 34350935 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In cattle, uterine luminal fluid (ULF) is the main source of molecules that support embryo development and survival during the peri-implantation period. Our overarching hypothesis is that peri-estrus changes in uterine function, including ULF accumulation and absorption, are uneven among individuals, and it affects ULF composition and fertility. Our objectives were (1) to characterize temporal and spatial changes in ULF volume, endometrial and luteal blood perfusion, endometrial and luteal size, and circulating progesterone concentrations during the peri-estrus period in beef heifers and, (2) to associate such changes with the metabolite composition in the ULF, four days after estrus (d 0). Fourteen B. indicus heifers that presented a PGF2α responsive CL received 500 μg PGF2α analog i.m. and were examined daily by rectal B-mode and pulse-wave color-Doppler ultrasonography until the fifth day after estrus (d 5). The composition of the ULF was analyzed by targeted mass spectrometry on d 4. Multivariate analyses clustered heifers according to ovarian, uterine, and hormonal variables in clusters A (n = 5) and B (n = 8 heifers). Concentrations of Pro, Ala, Leu, Gly, Val, Lys, Ile, Phe, Asp, Orn, Tyr, Arg, Trp, Suc, Cit, ADMA, the sum of essential Amino Acids (AA), sum of non-essential AA, sum of aromatic AA, and total AA were greater in cluster A (FDR ≤ 0.05). ULF volume dynamics and uterine, ovarian, and hormonal variables during the peri-estrus period presented a concerted variation among heifers within clusters, which was associated with the ULF composition four days after estrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A C C Silva
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gabriela F da Silva
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna S Vieira
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Adomar L Neto
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Cecilia C Rocha
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Edson G Lo Turco
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme P Nogueira
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Sao Paulo State University, Aracatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Pugliesi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Binelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Guadagnin AR, Velasco-Acosta DA, Stella SL, Luchini D, Cardoso FC. Methionine supply during the peripartum period and early lactation alter immunometabolic gene expression in cytological smear and endometrial tissue of holstein cows. Theriogenology 2021; 173:102-111. [PMID: 34365138 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding rumen-protected methionine (RPM) during the peripartal period and early lactation on mRNA gene expression profiles of uterine cytological smear and endometrial samples of Holstein cows (n = 20). Treatments consisted of a supplementation with RPM [MET; n = 11; RPM at a rate of 0.08 % of DM: Lys:Met = 2.8:1, (Smartamine® M Adisseo, Alpharetta, GA, USA)] and no supplementation (CON; n = 9; Lys:Met = 3.5:1). Uterine cytology smears and endometrial samples were collected at 15, 30, and 73 days in milk (DIM) and analyzed for expression of genes related with metabolism, inflammation, and methionine metabolism. Regarding the cytological smear samples, RPM supplementation tended to increase mRNA expression of methionine adenosyltransferase 1 alpha (MAT1A) and increased the mRNA expression of fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7), with an effect of time for the latter. On the other hand, RPM decreased mRNA expression for glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), prostaglandin E synthase 3 (PTGES3), translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), mucin 1 (MUC1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD1) in cytological smear samples. There was an effect of time for all variables except MAT1A, with decreasing expression over time. There was a TRT × TIME interaction for GLUT4 mRNA expression, with higher GLUT4 mRNA expression for cows fed CON than for cows fed RPM at time 15 and a tendency to higher expression for cows fed CON on time 30 when compared with cows fed RPM. For uterine tissue samples, feeding RPM increased the mRNA expression of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase (SAAH), FGF7, GLUT4, and apolipoproteins 3 (APOL3), with an effect of time for APOL3 where its expression increased over time. There was a tendency for cows fed RPM to have decreased IL1β mRNA expression. In conclusion, feeding RPM during transition period and early lactation is beneficial for uterine immune response and metabolism in early lactation as indicated by the favorable expressions of genes affecting the uterine immunometabolism during such a challenging period.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Guadagnin
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - D A Velasco-Acosta
- The Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research (AGROSAVIA), Mosquera, Colombia
| | - S L Stella
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - F C Cardoso
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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14
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Jaswal S, Anand V, Ali SA, Jena MK, Kumar S, Kaushik JK, Mohanty AK. TMT based deep proteome analysis of buffalo mammary epithelial cells and identification of novel protein signatures during lactogenic differentiation. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21621. [PMID: 33977573 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002476rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The lactating mammary gland harbours numerous matured alveoli with their lumen surrounded by differentiated mammary epithelial cells (MECs), which are exclusively involved in milk synthesis and secretion. Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is the second major milk-producing animal, and its physiology is different from cattle. The complete protein machinery involved in MECs differentiation is still not defined in ruminants, in particular, buffalo. Therefore, we have studied the differential expression of regulated proteins in the in vitro grown buffalo MECs (BuMECs) at different time points (on 3, 6, 12, and 15 days) of their differentiation in the presence of lactogenic hormones. TMT-based MS analysis identified 4,934 proteins; of them, 681 were differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). The principal component analysis suggested a highly heterogeneous expression of DEPs at the four-time points of hormone treatment, with most of them (307) attained the highest expression on 12 days. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the association of DEPs with 24 KEGG pathways. We observed few new proteins, namely ABCA13, IVL, VPS37, CZIB, RFX7, Rab5, TTLL12, SMEK1, GDI2, and TMEM131 in BuMECs. The function of one of the highly upregulated proteins, namely involucrin in the differentiation of BuMECs was confirmed based on biochemical inhibition assay. The results further conclude that the proteins with higher abundance can be considered as the potential biomarkers for differentiation, and they may have a significant association with the lactation process in buffalo too. The proteome dataset obtained can be used to understand the species-specific variations among other lactating animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Jaswal
- Proteomics and Cell Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
| | - Vijay Anand
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute (TANUVAS), Orathanadu, India
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Proteomics and Cell Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
| | - Manoj K Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- Proteomics and Cell Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
| | - Jai K Kaushik
- Proteomics and Cell Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
| | - Ashok K Mohanty
- Proteomics and Cell Biology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
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15
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Chankeaw W, Lignier S, Richard C, Ntallaris T, Raliou M, Guo Y, Plassard D, Bevilacqua C, Sandra O, Andersson G, Humblot P, Charpigny G. Analysis of the transcriptome of bovine endometrial cells isolated by laser micro-dissection (2): impacts of post-partum negative energy balance on stromal, glandular and luminal epithelial cells. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:450. [PMID: 34139988 PMCID: PMC8212477 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In post-partum dairy cows, the energy needs to satisfy high milk production induces a status of more or less pronounced Negative Energy Balance (NEB). NEB associated with fat mobilization impairs reproductive function. In a companion paper, we described constitutive gene expression in the three main endometrial cell types (stromal, glandular and luminal epithelial cells) isolated by laser capture micro-dissection (LCM) showing the specificities of their transcriptomic profiles. This study investigates the specific impact of NEB on gene expression in these cells around 80 days after parturition at day 15 of the oestrus cycle and describes their specific response to NEB. RESULTS Following the description of their constitutive expression, the transcriptome profiles obtained by RNA sequencing of the three cells types revealed that differences related to the severity of NEB altered mainly specific patterns of expression related to individual cell types. Number of differentially expressed genes between severe NEB (SNEB) and mild NEB (MNEB) cows was higher in ST than in LE and GE, respectively. SNEB was associated with differential expression of genes coding for proteins involved in metabolic processes and embryo-maternal interactions in ST. Under-expression of genes encoding proteins with functions related to cell structure was found in GE whereas genes encoding proteins participating in pro-inflammatory pathways were over-expressed. Genes associated to adaptive immunity were under-expressed in LE. CONCLUSION The severity of NEB after calving is associated with changes in gene expression around 80 days after parturition corresponding to the time of breeding. Specific alterations in GEs are associated with activation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms. Concomitantly, changes in the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in cell interactions and maternal recognition of pregnancy takes place in ST. The combination of these effects possibly altering the uterine environment and embryo maternal interactions may negatively influence the establishment of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiruntita Chankeaw
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technolgy Srivijaya (RUTS), Thungyai, Nakhon si thammarat, 80240, Thailand
| | - Sandra Lignier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christophe Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Theodoros Ntallaris
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mariam Raliou
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Yongzhi Guo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Damien Plassard
- GenomEast Platform CERBM GIE, IGBMC, 67404, Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Claudia Bevilacqua
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Olivier Sandra
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Göran Andersson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7023, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrice Humblot
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gilles Charpigny
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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16
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Horlock AD, Piersanti RL, Ramirez-Hernandez R, Yu F, Ma Z, Jeong KC, Clift MJD, Block J, Santos JEP, Bromfield JJ, Sheldon IM. Uterine infection alters the transcriptome of the bovine reproductive tract three months later. Reproduction 2021; 160:93-107. [PMID: 32422601 DOI: 10.1530/rep-19-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Infection of the postpartum uterus with pathogenic bacteria is associated with infertility months later in dairy cattle. However, it is unclear whether these bacterial infections lead to long-term changes in the reproductive tract that might help explain this infertility. Here we tested the hypothesis that infusion of pathogenic bacteria into the uterus leads to changes in the transcriptome of the reproductive tract 3 months later. We used virgin Holstein heifers to avoid potential confounding effects of periparturient problems, lactation, and negative energy balance. Animals were infused intrauterine with endometrial pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes (n = 4) and compared with control animals (n = 6). Three months after infusion, caruncular and intercaruncular endometrium, isthmus and ampulla of the oviduct, and granulosa cells from ovarian follicles >8 mm diameter were profiled by RNA sequencing. Bacterial infusion altered the transcriptome of all the tissues when compared with control. Most differentially expressed genes were tissue specific, with 109 differentially expressed genes unique to caruncular endometrium, 57 in intercaruncular endometrium, 65 in isthmus, 298 in ampulla, and 83 in granulosa cells. Surprisingly, despite infusing bacteria into the uterus, granulosa cells had more predicted upstream regulators of differentially expressed genes than all the other tissues combined. In conclusion, there were changes in the transcriptome of the endometrium, oviduct and even granulosa cells, 3 months after intrauterine infusion of pathogenic bacteria. These findings imply that long-term changes throughout the reproductive tract could contribute to infertility after bacterial infections of the uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel L Piersanti
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Fahong Yu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - KwangCheol C Jeong
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Martin J D Clift
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Jeremy Block
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - José E P Santos
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - John J Bromfield
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - I Martin Sheldon
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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17
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Chankeaw W, Lignier S, Richard C, Ntallaris T, Raliou M, Guo Y, Plassard D, Bevilacqua C, Sandra O, Andersson G, Humblot P, Charpigny G. Analysis of the transcriptome of bovine endometrial cells isolated by laser micro-dissection (1): specific signatures of stromal, glandular and luminal epithelial cells. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:451. [PMID: 34139994 PMCID: PMC8212485 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of studies have examined mRNA expression profiles of bovine endometrium at estrus and around the peri-implantation period of pregnancy. However, to date, these studies have been performed on the whole endometrium which is a complex tissue. Consequently, the knowledge of cell-specific gene expression, when analysis performed with whole endometrium, is still weak and obviously limits the relevance of the results of gene expression studies. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize specific transcriptome of the three main cell-types of the bovine endometrium at day-15 of the estrus cycle. RESULTS In the RNA-Seq analysis, the number of expressed genes detected over 10 transcripts per million was 6622, 7814 and 8242 for LE, GE and ST respectively. ST expressed exclusively 1236 genes while only 551 transcripts were specific to the GE and 330 specific to LE. For ST, over-represented biological processes included many regulation processes and response to stimulus, cell communication and cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization as well as developmental process. For GE, cilium organization, cilium movement, protein localization to cilium and microtubule-based process were the only four main biological processes enriched. For LE, over-represented biological processes were enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway, cell-substrate adhesion and circulatory system process. CONCLUSION The data show that each endometrial cell-type has a distinct molecular signature and provide a significantly improved overview on the biological process supported by specific cell-types. The most interesting result is that stromal cells express more genes than the two epithelial types and are associated with a greater number of pathways and ontology terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiruntita Chankeaw
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technolgy Srivijaya (RUTS), Thungyai, Nakhon si thammarat, 80240, Thailand
| | - Sandra Lignier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Christophe Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Theodoros Ntallaris
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mariam Raliou
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Yongzhi Guo
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Damien Plassard
- GenomEast Platform CERBM GIE, IGBMC, 67404, Illkirch, Cedex, France
| | - Claudia Bevilacqua
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Olivier Sandra
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Göran Andersson
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Molecular Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7023, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrice Humblot
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7054, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gilles Charpigny
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Molecular Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU, PO Box 7023, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
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18
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De Bem THC, Tinning H, Vasconcelos EJR, Wang D, Forde N. Endometrium On-a-Chip Reveals Insulin- and Glucose-induced Alterations in the Transcriptome and Proteomic Secretome. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6167824. [PMID: 33693651 PMCID: PMC8143652 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The molecular interactions between the maternal environment and the developing embryo are key for early pregnancy success and are influenced by factors such as maternal metabolic status. Our understanding of the mechanism(s) through which these individual nutritional stressors alter endometrial function and the in utero environment for early pregnancy success is, however, limited. Here we report, for the first time, the use of an endometrium-on-a-chip microfluidics approach to produce a multicellular endometrium in vitro. Isolated endometrial cells (epithelial and stromal) from the uteri of nonpregnant cows in the early luteal phase (Days 4-7) were seeded in the upper chamber of the device (epithelial cells; 4-6 × 104 cells/mL) and stromal cells seeded in the lower chamber (1.5-2 × 104 cells/mL). Exposure of cells to different concentrations of glucose (0.5, 5.0, or 50 mM) or insulin (Vehicle, 1 or 10 ng/mL) was performed at a flow rate of 1 µL/minute for 72 hours. Quantitative differences in the cellular transcriptome and the secreted proteome of in vitro-derived uterine luminal fluid were determined by RNA-sequencing and tandem mass tagging mass spectrometry, respectively. High glucose concentrations altered 21 and 191 protein-coding genes in epithelial and stromal cells, respectively (P < .05), with a dose-dependent quantitative change in the protein secretome (1 and 23 proteins). Altering insulin concentrations resulted in limited transcriptional changes including transcripts for insulin-like binding proteins that were cell specific but altered the quantitative secretion of 196 proteins. These findings highlight 1 potential mechanism by which changes to maternal glucose and insulin alter uterine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago H C De Bem
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Haidee Tinning
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Niamh Forde
- Discovery and Translational Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- LeedsOmics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Correspondence: Niamh Forde, PhD, University of Leeds, LIGHT Laboratories, Clarendon Way, LS2 9JT, Leeds, UK.
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19
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Northrop-Albrecht EJ, Rich JJJ, Cushman RA, Yao R, Ge X, Perry GA. Influence of estradiol on bovine trophectoderm and uterine gene transcripts around maternal recognition of pregnancy†. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:381-392. [PMID: 33962467 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryo survival and pregnancy success is increased among animals that exhibit estrus prior to fixed time-artificial insemination, but there are no differences in conceptus survival to d16. The objective of this study was to determine effects of preovulatory estradiol on uterine transcriptomes, select trophectoderm (TE) transcripts, and uterine luminal fluid proteins. Beef cows/heifers were synchronized, artificially inseminated (d0), and grouped into either high (highE2) or low (lowE2) preovulatory estradiol. Uteri were flushed (d16); conceptuses and endometrial biopsies (n = 29) were collected. RNA sequencing was performed on endometrium. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on TE (n = 21) RNA to measure relative abundance of IFNT, PTGS2, TM4SF1, C3, FGFR2, and GAPDH. Uterine fluid was analyzed using 2D Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-based Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) method. RT-PCR data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure in SAS. There were no differences in messenger RNA (mRNA) abundances in TE, but there were 432 differentially expressed genes (253 downregulated, 179 upregulated) in highE2/conceptus versus lowE2/conceptus groups. There were also 48 differentially expressed proteins (19 upregulated, 29 downregulated); 6 of these were differentially expressed (FDR < 0.10) at the mRNA level. Similar pathways for mRNA and proteins included: calcium signaling, protein kinase A signaling, and corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling. These differences in uterine function may be preparing the conceptus for improved likelihood of survival after d16 among highE2 animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerica J J Rich
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Robert A Cushman
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Roman L. Hruska US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - Runan Yao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Xijin Ge
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - George A Perry
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
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20
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Diniz WJS, Reynolds LP, Borowicz PP, Ward AK, Sedivec KK, McCarthy KL, Kassetas CJ, Baumgaertner F, Kirsch JD, Dorsam ST, Neville TL, Forcherio JC, Scott RR, Caton JS, Dahlen CR. Maternal Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation and Rate of Maternal Weight Gain Affects Placental Expression of Energy Metabolism and Transport-Related Genes. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030385. [PMID: 33803164 PMCID: PMC8001966 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrients are essential for proper fetal and placental development and function. However, the effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation under two rates of maternal weight gain on placental genome-wide gene expression have not been investigated so far. Furthermore, biological processes and pathways in the placenta that act in response to early maternal nutrition are yet to be elucidated. Herein, we examined the impact of maternal vitamin and mineral supplementation (from pre-breeding to day 83 post-breeding) and two rates of gain during the first 83 days of pregnancy on the gene expression of placental caruncles (CAR; maternal placenta) and cotyledons (COT; fetal placenta) of crossbred Angus beef heifers. We identified 267 unique differentially expressed genes (DEG). Among the DEGs from CAR, we identified ACAT2, SREBF2, and HMGCCS1 that underlie the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, the transcription factors PAX2 and PAX8 were over-represented in biological processes related to kidney organogenesis. The DEGs from COT included SLC2A1, SLC2A3, SLC27A4, and INSIG1. Our over-representation analysis retrieved biological processes related to nutrient transport and ion homeostasis, whereas the pathways included insulin secretion, PPAR signaling, and biosynthesis of amino acids. Vitamin and mineral supplementation and rate of gain were associated with changes in gene expression, biological processes, and KEGG pathways in beef cattle placental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellison J. S. Diniz
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-701-5411997
| | - Lawrence P. Reynolds
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - Pawel P. Borowicz
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - Alison K. Ward
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - Kevin K. Sedivec
- Central Grasslands Research and Extension Center, North Dakota State University, Streeter, ND 58483, USA;
| | - Kacie L. McCarthy
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA;
| | - Cierrah J. Kassetas
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - Friederike Baumgaertner
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - James D. Kirsch
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - Sheri T. Dorsam
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - Tammi L. Neville
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - J. Chris Forcherio
- Purina Animal Nutrition LLC, Gray Summit, MO 63039, USA; (J.C.F.); (R.R.S.)
| | - Ronald R. Scott
- Purina Animal Nutrition LLC, Gray Summit, MO 63039, USA; (J.C.F.); (R.R.S.)
| | - Joel S. Caton
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
| | - Carl R. Dahlen
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA; (L.P.R.); (P.P.B.); (A.K.W.); (C.J.K.); (F.B.); (J.D.K.); (S.T.D.); (T.L.N.); (J.S.C.); (C.R.D.)
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21
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Hodge MJ, de las Heras-Saldana S, Rindfleish SJ, Stephen CP, Pant SD. Characterization of Breed Specific Differences in Spermatozoal Transcriptomes of Sheep in Australia. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020203. [PMID: 33573244 PMCID: PMC7912062 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced reproductive efficiency results in economic losses to the Australian sheep industry. Reproductive success, particularly after artificial insemination, is dependent on a number of contributing factors on both ewe and ram sides. Despite considerable emphasis placed on characterising ewe side contributions, little emphasis has been placed on characterising ram side contributions to conception success. Over 14,000 transcripts are in spermatozoa of other species, which are transferred to the ova on fertilisation. These transcripts conceivably influence early embryonic development and whether conception is successful. Semen was collected (n = 45) across three breeds; Merino, Dohne, and Poll Dorset. Following collection, each ejaculate was split in two; an aliquot was assessed utilising Computer Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA) and the remaining was utilised for RNA extraction and subsequent next-generation sequencing. Overall, 754 differentially expressed genes were identified in breed contrasts and contrast between ejaculates of different quality. Downstream analysis indicated that these genes could play significant roles in a broad range of physiological functions, including maintenance of spermatogenesis, fertilisation, conception, embryonic development, and offspring production performance. Overall results provide evidence that the spermatozoal transcriptome could be a crucial contributing factor in improving reproductive performance as well as in the overall productivity and profitability of sheep industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnie J. Hodge
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries), Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (M.J.H.); (C.P.S.)
- Apiam Animal Health, Apiam Genetic Services, Dubbo, NSW 2830, Australia;
| | - Sara de las Heras-Saldana
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia;
| | | | - Cyril P. Stephen
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries), Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (M.J.H.); (C.P.S.)
| | - Sameer D. Pant
- Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation (Charles Sturt University and NSW Department of Primary Industries), Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia; (M.J.H.); (C.P.S.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Zhang T, Guo S, Zhou H, Wu Z, Liu J, Qiu C, Deng G. Endometrial extracellular matrix rigidity and IFNτ ensure the establishment of early pregnancy through activation of YAP. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e12976. [PMID: 33393124 PMCID: PMC7849163 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In mammals, early pregnancy is a critical vulnerable period during which complications may arise, including pregnancy failure. Establishment of a maternal endometrial acceptance phenotype is a prerequisite for semiheterogeneous embryo implantation, comprising the rate‐limiting step of early pregnancy. Methods Confocal fluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blot for nuclear and cytoplasmic protein were used to examine the activation of yes‐associated protein (YAP) in uterine tissue and primary endometrial cells. The target binding between miR16a and YAP was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. The mouse pregnancy model and pseudopregnancy model were used to investigate the role of YAP in the maternal uterus during early pregnancy in vivo. Results We showed that YAP translocates into the nucleus in the endometrium of cattle and mice during early pregnancy. Mechanistically, YAP acts as a mediator of ECM rigidity and cell density, which requires the actomyosin cytoskeleton and is partially dependent on the Hippo pathway. Furthermore, we found that the soluble factor IFNτ, which is a ruminant pregnancy recognition factor, also induced activation of YAP by reducing the expression of miR‐16a. Conclusions This study revealed that activation of YAP is necessary for early pregnancy in bovines because it induced cell proliferation and established an immunosuppressive local environment that allowed conceptus implantation into the uterine epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhimin Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Changwei Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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23
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Madoz LV, Rabaglino MB, Migliorisi AL, Jaureguiberry M, Perez Wallace S, Lorenti N, Domínguez G, Giuliodori MJ, de la Sota RL. Association between progesterone concentration and endometrial gene expression in dairy cows. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 74:106481. [PMID: 32622107 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between progesterone concentration on Days 4 and 9 of the estrus cycle and endometrial transcriptome at Day 9 in lactating grazing dairy cows. Blood samples were obtained on Days 0, 4, and 9 for progesterone measurement by chemiluminescence. Cows were assigned to one of the following groups (n = 3 per group): cows with low physiological progesterone on Day 4, cows in anestrous, cows with high physiological progesterone on Day 4, and superovulated cows. Endometrial biopsy samples were obtained on Day 9 for RNA sequencing. Quality control and determination of differentially expressed genes (false discovery rate <0.05) were determined using the edgeR package for R software. We identified 3,042 differentially expressed genes among the 4 groups. Cows having high physiological progesterone and superovulated cows showed high similarities and clustered apart from those in anestrus or having low physiological progesterone. Functional analysis using Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery revealed that endometrial genes upregulated by low progesterone concentration are enriched genes involved in the immune system and inflammatory response. Conversely, cows with high physiological progesterone concentration presented an endometrial transcriptome with similarities to cows with good genetic merit for fertility, showing upregulation of genes related to uterine relaxation-contraction, focal adhesion, GnRH signaling pathway, and epidermal growth factor-like related terms, suggesting a favorable embryo environment. In conclusion, our results support the concept that there is a threshold of progesterone concentration at the beginning of the luteal phase associated with endometrial expression of critical genes involved in the preparation of the uterine environment for embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Madoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; National Research Council, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M B Rabaglino
- National Research Council, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A L Migliorisi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M Jaureguiberry
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; National Research Council, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - N Lorenti
- Práctica Privada, Brandsen, BA, Argentina
| | - G Domínguez
- Práctica Privada, Venado Tuerto, SF, Argentina
| | - M J Giuliodori
- Cátedra de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - R L de la Sota
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina; National Research Council, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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24
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de Brun V, Loor JJ, Naya H, Graña-Baumgartner A, Vailati-Riboni M, Bulgari O, Shahzad K, Abecia JA, Sosa C, Meikle A. The presence of an embryo affects day 14 uterine transcriptome depending on the nutritional status in sheep. b. Immune system and uterine remodeling. Theriogenology 2020; 161:210-218. [PMID: 33340754 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomics and bioinformatics were used to investigate the potential interactions of undernutrition and the presence of the conceptus at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy on uterine immune system and remodeling. Adult Rasa Aragonesa ewes were allocated to one of two planes of nutrition for 28 days: maintenance energy intake (control; 5 cyclic, 6 pregnant ewes) providing 7.8 MJ of metabolisable energy and 0.5 maintenance intake (undernourished; 6 cyclic, 7 pregnant ewes) providing 3.9 MJ of metabolisable energy per ewe. Uterine gene expression was measured using Agilent 15 K Sheep Microarray chip on day 14 of estrus or pregnancy. Functional bioinformatics analyses were performed using PANTHER (Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships) Classification System. Pregnancy affected the expression of 18 genes in both control and undernourished ewes, underscoring the relevance for embryo-maternal interactions. Immune system evidenced by classical interferon stimulated genes were activated in control and -in a lesser extent-in undernourished pregnant vs cyclic ewes. Genes involved in uterine remodeling such as protein metabolism were also upregulated with the presence of an embryo in control and undernourished ewes. However, relevant genes for the adaptation of the uterus to the embryo were differentially expressed between pregnant vs cyclic ewes both in control and undernourished groups. Undernutrition alone led to an overall weak activation of immune system pathways both in cyclic and pregnant ewes. Data revealed that cellular and immune adaptations of the uterus to pregnancy are dependent on the nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria de Brun
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo Animal, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Hugo Naya
- Departamento de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrea Graña-Baumgartner
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo Animal, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mario Vailati-Riboni
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Omar Bulgari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Khuram Shahzad
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - José Alfonso Abecia
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cecilia Sosa
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Medicina Legal, Forense y Toxicología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Meikle
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo Animal, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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25
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de Brun V, Loor JJ, Naya H, Vailati-Riboni M, Bulgari O, Shahzad K, Abecia JA, Sosa C, Meikle A. The embryo affects day 14 uterine transcriptome depending on nutritional status in sheep. a. Metabolic adaptation to pregnancy in nourished and undernourished ewes. Theriogenology 2020; 146:14-19. [PMID: 32036055 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of undernutrition and the presence of the conceptus at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy on the expression of uterine indicators of metabolism in ewes. Adult Rasa Aragonesa ewes were allocated to one of two planes of nutrition for 28 days: maintenance energy intake (control; 5 cyclic and 6 pregnant ewes) providing 7.8 MJ of metabolisable energy, and 0.5 maintenance intake (undernourished; 6 cyclic and 7 pregnant ewes) providing 3.9 MJ of metabolisable energy per ewe. RNA from intercaruncular uterine tissue was harvested at slaughter on Day 14 of estrous cycle or pregnancy, and hybridized to the Agilent 15K Sheep Microarray chip. Functional bioinformatics analyses were performed using PANTHER (Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships) Classification System. The presence of the embryo upregulated expression of genes encoding peptide and monocarboxylate transporters regardless of nutritional treatment, although the degree of gene expression was lower in undernourished ewes. Genes encoding enzymes involved in glycolysis were downregulated both in pregnant control and undernourished ewes, probably as a compensatory mechanism for the increased glucose transport to the uterus. Compared with control cyclic ewes, control pregnant ewes had greater expression of genes involved in oxidation of fatty acids, suggesting increased uterine energy demands. This was not observed in undernourished pregnant animals when compared to undernourished cyclic ewes; nevertheless, those animals had lower uterine expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. The presence of the embryo upregulated genes involved in electron transport probably as a result of increased energy demands for pregnancy. Overall, the data indicate that depending on the nutritional status of ewe, pregnancy alters gene expression of metabolic pathways related to energy generation in the uterus. An impairment in nutrient transport and metabolism in the uterus of pregnant undernourished ewes may explain the greater embryo mortality associated with undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria de Brun
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo Animal, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Juan J Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Hugo Naya
- Departamento de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mario Vailati-Riboni
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Omar Bulgari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - Khuram Shahzad
- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - José Alfonso Abecia
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Ana Meikle
- Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo Animal, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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26
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Carvalho MR, Aboujaoude C, Peñagaricano F, Santos JEP, DeVries TJ, McBride BW, Ribeiro ES. Associations between maternal characteristics and health, survival, and performance of dairy heifers from birth through first lactation. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:823-839. [PMID: 31677831 PMCID: PMC7094727 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether health, survival, and performance of dairy heifers from birth through first lactation are associated with parity and health status of their dams. Holstein heifers (n = 1,811) derived from artificial insemination were categorized as (1) daughters of primiparous cows that, consequently, were nonlactating heifers during gestation (Prim-NoL; n = 787); (2) daughters of multiparous cows that did not have any clinical diseases in the previous lactation (Mult-NoCD; n = 638); and (3) daughters of multiparous cows that had at least one clinical disease in the previous lactation (Mult-CD; n = 386). Clinical diseases of the multiparous dams included retained placenta, metritis, mastitis, lameness, and digestive and respiratory problems. Data collected for evaluation of daughters included genotypic and phenotypic characteristics at birth, morbidity, reproductive performance, and culling from birth through 305 d in milk of first lactation. Orthogonal contrasts were used to evaluate the effect of the parity of the dam (Prim-NoL vs. Mult-NoCD + Mult-CD) and the effect of clinical disease occurrence in the previous lactation among multiparous dams (Mult-NoCD vs. Mult-CD). Compared with daughters of multiparous cows, daughters of Prim-NoL were lighter at birth (36 vs. 41 kg), had greater genetic merit for production traits (e.g., genomic estimated breeding value for milk yield: 875 vs. 746 kg), were less likely to leave the herd (17 vs. 28%) and to lose pregnancy as a heifer (9 vs. 14%), calved earlier (703 vs. 711 d old), were less likely to have clinical diseases as a first lactation cow (30 vs. 37%), and had reduced performance in the first lactation when considering their genetic merit (e.g., 305-d yield of energy-corrected milk: 11,270 vs. 11,539 kg). Compared with daughters of Mult-NoCD, daughters of Mult-CD were less likely to have digestive problems as a heifer (17 vs. 27%) and clinical disease as a first lactation cow (32 vs. 42%), but were also more likely to leave the herd as a heifer (32 vs. 25%) even though genetic merit for production traits were similar (e.g., genomic estimated breeding value for milk: 744 vs. 749 kg). In conclusion, both parity and health status of the dam in the previous lactation were associated with morbidity, survival, and performance of their daughters from birth through 305 d in milk of the first lactation and might represent factors affecting developmental programming of dairy heifers in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Carvalho
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - C Aboujaoude
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - F Peñagaricano
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - J E P Santos
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | - T J DeVries
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - B W McBride
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - E S Ribeiro
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1.
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27
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Hansen PJ, Tríbulo P. Regulation of present and future development by maternal regulatory signals acting on the embryo during the morula to blastocyst transition - insights from the cow. Biol Reprod 2019; 101:526-537. [PMID: 31220231 PMCID: PMC8127039 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The preimplantation embryo has a remarkable ability to execute its developmental program using regulatory information inherent within itself. Nonetheless, the uterine environment is rich in cell signaling molecules termed embryokines that act on the embryo during the morula-to-blastocyst transition, promoting blastocyst formation and programming the embryo for subsequent developmental events. Programming can not only affect developmental processes important for continuance of development in utero but also affect characteristics of the offspring during postnatal life. Given the importance of embryokines for regulation of embryonic development, it is likely that some causes of infertility involve aberrant secretion of embryokines by the uterus. Embryokines found to regulate development of the bovine embryo include insulin-like growth factor 1, colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), and dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1. Embryo responses to CSF2 exhibit sexual dimorphism, suggesting that sex-specific programming of postnatal function is caused by maternal signals acting on the embryo during the preimplantation period that regulate male embryos differently than female embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Paula Tríbulo
- Instituto de Reproducción Animal Córdoba (IRAC), Zona Rural General Paz, Córdoba, Argentina
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28
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Oliveira HR, Lourenco DAL, Masuda Y, Misztal I, Tsuruta S, Jamrozik J, Brito LF, Silva FF, Cant JP, Schenkel FS. Single-step genome-wide association for longitudinal traits of Canadian Ayrshire, Holstein, and Jersey dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:9995-10011. [PMID: 31477296 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Estimating single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects over time is essential to identify and validate candidate genes (or quantitative trait loci) associated with time-dependent variation of economically important traits and to better understand the underlying mechanisms of lactation biology. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to estimate time-dependent effects of SNP and identifying candidate genes associated with milk (MY), fat (FY), and protein (PY) yields, and somatic cell score (SCS) in the first 3 lactations of Canadian Ayrshire, Holstein, and Jersey breeds, as well as suggest their potential pattern of phenotypic effect over time. Random regression coefficients for the additive direct genetic effect were estimated for each animal using single-step genomic BLUP, based on 2 random regression models: one considering MY, FY, and PY in the first 3 lactations and the other considering SCS in the first 3 lactations. Thereafter, SNP solutions were obtained for random regression coefficients, which were used to estimate the SNP effects over time (from 5 to 305 d in lactation). The top 1% of SNP that showed a high magnitude of SNP effect in at least 1 d in lactation were selected as relevant SNP for further analyses of candidate genes, and clustered according to the trajectory of their SNP effects over time. The majority of SNP selected for MY, FY, and PY increased the magnitude of their effects over time, for all breeds. In contrast, for SCS, most selected SNP decreased the magnitude of their effects over time, especially for the Holstein and Jersey breeds. In general, we identified a different set of candidate genes for each breed, and similar genes were found across different lactations for the same trait in the same breed. For some of the candidate genes, the suggested pattern of phenotypic effect changed among lactations. Among the lactations, candidate genes (and their suggested phenotypic effect over time) identified for the second and third lactations were more similar to each other than for the first lactation. Well-known candidate genes with major effects on milk production traits presented different suggested patterns of phenotypic effect across breeds, traits, and lactations in which they were identified. The candidate genes identified in this study can be used as target genes in studies of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Oliveira
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - D A L Lourenco
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
| | - Y Masuda
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
| | - I Misztal
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
| | - S Tsuruta
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
| | - J Jamrozik
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada; Canadian Dairy Network, Guelph, ON, N1K 1E5, Canada
| | - L F Brito
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - F F Silva
- Department of Animal Sciences, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - J P Cant
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - F S Schenkel
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
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29
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Ealy AD, Wooldridge LK, McCoski SR. BOARD INVITED REVIEW: Post-transfer consequences of in vitro-produced embryos in cattle. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:2555-2568. [PMID: 30968113 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro embryo production (IVP) in cattle has gained worldwide interest in recent years, but the efficiency of using IVP embryos for calf production is far from optimal. This review will examine the pregnancy retention rates of IVP embryos and explore causes for pregnancy failures. Based on work completed over the past 25 yr, only 27% of cattle receiving IVP embryos will produce a live calf. Approximately 60% of these pregnancies fail during the first 6 wk of gestation. When compared with embryos generated by superovulation, pregnancy rates are 10% to 40% lower for cattle carrying IVP embryos, exemplifying that IVP embryos are consistently less competent than in vivo-generated embryos. Several abnormalities have been observed in the morphology of IVP conceptuses. After transfer, IVP embryos are less likely to undergo conceptus elongation, have reduced embryonic disk diameter, and have compromised yolk sac development. Marginal binucleate cell development, cotyledon development, and placental vascularization have also been documented, and these abnormalities are associated with altered fetal growth trajectories. Additionally, in vitro culture conditions increase the risk of large offspring syndrome. Further work is needed to decipher how the embryo culture environment alters post-transfer embryo development and survival. The risk of these neonatal disorders has been reduced by the use of serum-free synthetic oviductal fluid media formations and culture in low oxygen tension. However, alterations are still evident in IVP oocyte and embryo transcript abundances, timing of embryonic cleavage events and blastulation, incidence of aneuploidy, and embryonic methylation status. The inclusion of oviductal and uterine-derived embryokines in culture media is being examined as one way to improve the competency of IVP embryos. To conclude, the evidence presented herein clearly shows that bovine IVP systems still must be refined to make it an economical technology in cattle production systems. However, the current shortcomings do not negate its current value for certain embryo production needs and for investigating early embryonic development in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Ealy
- Department of Animal & Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Lydia K Wooldridge
- Department of Animal & Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Sarah R McCoski
- Department of Animal & Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
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30
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Tríbulo P, Rabaglino MB, Bo MB, Carvalheira LDR, Bishop JV, Hansen TR, Hansen PJ. Dickkopf-related protein 1 is a progestomedin acting on the bovine embryo during the morula-to-blastocyst transition to program trophoblast elongation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11816. [PMID: 31413296 PMCID: PMC6694114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone regulates the endometrium to support pregnancy establishment and maintenance. In the ruminant, one action of progesterone early in pregnancy is to alter embryonic development and hasten the process of trophoblast elongation around day 14–15 of pregnancy, which is required for maternal recognition of pregnancy. Here we demonstrate that the WNT antagonist DKK1, whose expression is increased by progesterone treatment, can act on the bovine embryo during day 5 to 7.5 of development (the morula to blastocyst stage) to promote embryonic elongation on day 15 of pregnancy. Embryos were produced in vitro and exposed to 0 or 100 ng/ml recombinant human DKK1 from day 5 to 7.5 of culture. Blastocysts were transferred into synchronized recipient cows on day 7.5 (n = 23 for control and 17 for DKK1). On day 15, cows were slaughtered and embryos recovered by flushing the uterus. Embryo recovery was n = 11 for controls (48% recovery) and n = 11 for DKK1 (65% recovery). Except for two DKK1 embryos, all embryos were filamentous. Treatment with DKK1 increased (P = 0.007) the length of filamentous embryos from 43.9 mm to 117.4 mm and the intrauterine content of the maternal recognition of pregnancy signal IFNT (P = 0.01) from 4.9 µg to 16.6 µg. Determination of differentially expressed genes (DEG), using the R environment, revealed 473 DEG at p < 0.05 but none at FDR < 0.05, suggesting that DKK1 did not strongly modify the embryo transcriptome at the time it was measured. However, samples clustered apart in a multidimensional scaling analyisis. Weighted gene co-expression analysis of the transcriptome of filamentous embryos revealed a subset of genes that were related to embryo length, with identification of a significant module of genes in the DKK1 group only. Thus, several of the differences between DKK1 and control groups in gene expression were due to differences in embryo length. In conclusion, DKK1 can act on the morula-to-blastocyst stage embryo to modify subsequent trophoblast elongation. Higher pregnancy rates associated with transfer of DKK1-treated embryos may be due in part to enhancements of trophoblast growth and antiluteolytic signaling through IFNT secretion. Given that progesterone can regulate both timing of trophoblast elongation and DKK1 expression, DKK1 may be a mediator of progesterone effects on embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Tríbulo
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0910, USA
| | | | | | - Luciano de R Carvalheira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirugia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jeanette V Bishop
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1683, USA
| | - Thomas R Hansen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1683, USA
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0910, USA.
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31
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Locatelli Y, Forde N, Blum H, Graf A, Piégu B, Mermillod P, Wolf E, Lonergan P, Saint-Dizier M. Relative effects of location relative to the corpus luteum and lactation on the transcriptome of the bovine oviduct epithelium. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:233. [PMID: 30898106 PMCID: PMC6427878 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5616-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lactation and associated metabolic stresses during the post-partum period have been shown to impair fertility in dairy cows. The oviduct plays key roles in embryo development and the establishment of pregnancy in cattle. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lactation and location relative to the corpus luteum (CL) on the transcriptome of the bovine oviduct epithelium. Results An original animal model was used. At 60 days post-partum, Holstein lactating (n = 4) and non-lactating (i.e. never milked after calving; n = 5) cows, as well as control nulliparous heifers (n = 5), were slaughtered on Day 3 following induced estrus, and epithelial samples from the oviductal ampulla and isthmus ipsilateral and contralateral to the corpus luteum (CL) were recovered for RNA sequencing. In the oviduct ipsilateral to the CL, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between heifers compared with both postpartum cow groups. However, only 15 DEGs were identified between post-partum lactating and non-lactating cows in the ipsilateral isthmus and none were identified in the ipsilateral ampulla. In contrast, 192 and 2583 DEGs were identified between ipsilateral and contralateral ampulla and isthmus, respectively. In both regions, more DEGs were identified between ipsilateral and contralateral oviducts in non-lactating cows and heifers than in lactating cows. Functional annotation of the DEGs associated with comparisons between metabolic groups highlighted a number of over-represented biological functions and cell pathways including immune response and cholesterol/steroid biosynthesis. Conclusions Gene expression in the oviduct epithelium, particularly in the isthmus, was more affected by the location relative to the CL than by lactation at Day 3 post-estrus. Furthermore, the effect of the proximity to the CL was modulated by the metabolic status of the cow. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5616-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Locatelli
- UMR85 PRC, INRA, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, Nouzilly, France.,MNHN, Laboratoire de la Réserve Zoologique de la Haute Touche, Obterre, France
| | - Niamh Forde
- Division of Reproduction and Early Development, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Nouzilly, UK
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Leeds, Germany
| | - Alexander Graf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Leeds, Germany
| | - Benoît Piégu
- UMR85 PRC, INRA, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- UMR85 PRC, INRA, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Leeds, Germany
| | - Patrick Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marie Saint-Dizier
- UMR85 PRC, INRA, CNRS 7247, Université de Tours, IFCE, Nouzilly, France. .,Université de Tours, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Parc de Grandmont, F-37200, Tours, France.
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32
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Fernandes ACC, Davoodi S, Kaur M, Veira D, Melo LEH, Cerri RLA. Effect of repeated intravenous lipopolysaccharide infusions on systemic inflammatory response and endometrium gene expression in Holstein heifers. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3531-3543. [PMID: 30738677 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of repeated intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusions in nonlactating heifers on (1) the systemic proinflammatory state as measured by biomarkers in blood and plasma, and (2) endometrial gene expression of candidate transcripts on d 15 of gestation. Our hypothesis was that target transcripts related to a major functional group would be negatively modified in the preimplantation endometrium by the LPS treatments. In the first experiment (n = 13), a systemic proinflammatory state [defined as increased plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and haptoglobin for 2 wk] was established using 2 different sequential LPS infusion protocols. In the second experiment, heifers (n = 22; 11 mo of age) had their time of ovulation synchronized by a modified Ovsynch protocol and were enrolled in 1 of 2 treatments: control (CON; n = 11), which received sterile saline solution i.v., and LPS treatment (LPS; n = 11), submitted to repeated i.v. LPS injections (0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 µg/kg) starting 2 d after artificial insemination (AI; d 0) and then every other day until d 15 after AI. At each LPS injection, rectal temperatures were measured hourly for 6 h. Blood samples were collected from d -1 to d 13 for analyses of progesterone, TNF-α, and haptoglobin in plasma, along with white blood cell (WBC) count and differential analysis. On d 15, endometrium tissue biopsies were taken and kept at -80°C until quantitative real-time PCR analysis of 30 target transcripts related to the immune system, adhesion molecules, and endometrium receptivity. Data were checked for normality and analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA using PROC UNIVARIATE and PROC MIXED of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). After each LPS injection, temperature was greater in the first 4 h in the LPS group compared with CON. Both TNF-α and haptoglobin increased in the LPS treatment with a significant treatment by day interaction. Total leukocyte count did not differ between treatments, but the differential count increased for neutrophils, band cells, and monocytes, and decreased for lymphocytes and eosinophils in LPS compared with CON. Progesterone concentrations in plasma did not differ between treatments during the experimental period. Out of 30 target genes analyzed, 3 transcripts were differentially expressed: indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO; fold-change = 0.48) and pentraxin-3 (PTX3; fold-change = 0.38) were downregulated, whereas myxovirus-resistance protein (MX1; fold-change = 2.85) was upregulated in the LPS group. Sequential LPS injections were able to induce a prolonged systemic proinflammatory state, but effects on gene expression were limited to transcripts associated with the immune system. These results suggest that a mechanism for subfertility is linked to a proinflammatory state in dairy heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C C Fernandes
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Recife, Brazil 52171-900
| | - S Davoodi
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - M Kaur
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - D Veira
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - L E H Melo
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Recife, Brazil 52171-900
| | - R L A Cerri
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4.
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33
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Ott TL. Symposium review: Immunological detection of the bovine conceptus during early pregnancy. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:3766-3777. [PMID: 30712941 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Infertility and subfertility reduce the economic viability of dairy production. Inflammation reduces conception rates in dairy cattle, but surprisingly little information exists about the populations and the functions of immune cells at the conceptus-maternal interface during the periattachment period in dairy cattle. Early pregnancy is accompanied by immune stimulation at insemination and conceptus secretion of IFN-τ, pregnancy-associated glycoproteins, prostaglandins, and other molecules whose effects on immune function during early pregnancy have not been determined. Our working hypothesis is that pregnancy induces changes in immune cell populations and functions that are biased toward immunological tolerance, tissue remodeling, and angiogenesis. This review summarizes current knowledge, starting with insemination and proceeding through early pregnancy, as this is the period of maximal embryo loss. Results indicated that early pregnancy is accompanied by a marked increase in the proportion of endometrial immune cells expressing markers for natural killer (CD335) cells and cytotoxic T cells (CD8) along with an increase in cells expressing major histocompatibility class II antigens (macrophages and dendritic cells). This is accompanied by increased abundance of mRNA for IL-15, a natural killer growth factor, and IL-10 in the endometrium during early pregnancy. Furthermore, expression of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase was 15-fold greater in pregnant compared with cyclic heifers at d 17, but then declined by d 20. This enzyme converts tryptophan to kynurenine, which alters immune function by creating a localized tryptophan deficiency and by activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and induction of downstream tolerogenic mediators. Expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is abundant in the bovine uterus, but its temporal and spatial regulation during early pregnancy have not been characterized. Pregnancy is also associated with increased expression of proteins known to inhibit immune activation, including programed cell death ligand-1 (CD274), lymphocyte activation gene-3 (CD223), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein-4 (CD152). These molecules interact with receptors on antigen-presenting cells and induce lymphocyte tolerance. Current results support the hypothesis that early pregnancy signaling in dairy heifers involves changes in the proportions of immune cells in the endometrium as well as induction of molecules known to mediate tolerance. These changes are likely essential for uterine wall remodeling, placentation, and successful pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy L Ott
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, Huck Institutes of the Life Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
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34
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Forde N, Simintiras CA, Sturmey RG, Graf A, Wolf E, Blum H, Lonergan P. Effect of lactation on conceptus-maternal interactions at the initiation of implantation in cattle: I. Effects on the conceptus transcriptome and amino acid composition of the uterine luminal fluid. Biol Reprod 2019; 97:798-809. [PMID: 29088315 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 65-75 days postpartum (dpp), the estrous cycles of nonlactating (dried off immediately postpartum: n = 12) and lactating (n = 13) Holstein Friesian cows were synchronized and on day 7 a single blastocyst derived from superovulated nulliparous Holstein Friesian heifers was transferred to each cow. A control group of nulliparous heifers (n = 8) were synchronized, inseminated to a standing heat, and slaughtered on the same day as nonlactating and lactating recipients (day 19; estrus = day 0). The uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum was flushed with 10 ml phosphate-buffered saline and the conceptus, and uterine luminal fluid (ULF) was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Gene expression analysis of the conceptus was performed by RNA sequencing, while amino acid composition of ULF was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. No differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed between conceptuses recovered from nonlactating and lactating cows. Eight DEGs were identified between conceptuses recovered from nonlactating cows and heifers. A total of 269 DEGs (100 up- and 169 downregulated) were identified between conceptuses recovered from lactating cows compared to heifers. Alanine, glycine, serine, threonine, arginine, leucine, and valine were significantly lower in abundance in ULF recovered from heifers compared to nonlactating or lactating cows. This study demonstrates that the environment in which the embryo develops post the blastocyst stage can have an effect on the conceptus transcriptome and amino acid composition of the ULF but this was mainly observed between the two extreme groups in terms of metabolic status (nulliparous heifers vs postpartum lactating cows).
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Forde
- Division of Reproduction and Early Development, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Constantine A Simintiras
- Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK.,School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roger G Sturmey
- Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Alexander Graf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
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35
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Kaur M, Hartling I, Burnett TA, Polsky LB, Donnan CR, Leclerc H, Veira D, Cerri RLA. Rumen-protected B vitamin complex supplementation during the transition period and early lactation alters endometrium mRNA expression on day 14 of gestation in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 102:1642-1657. [PMID: 30580942 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Greater metabolic demands in high-producing dairy cows are believed to be a cause of sub-fertility in these animals. Previously, supplementation with vitamin B complex molecules has shown benefits in improving milk production, health, and reproductive efficiency of dairy cows. The primary aim of this project was to determine the effects of rumen-protected vitamin B complex supplementation of 100 g of Transition VB (Jefo, St. Hyacinthe, QC, Canada) and 4 g of Lactation VB (VB; Jefo), during the transition and early lactation periods, respectively, compared with a control diet containing no supplementation on d 14 endometrial outcomes of pregnancy. In the vitamin B supplemented cows, we expect to see a change in the mark-up of endometrial genes important for embryo survival before implantation. Multiparous Holstein cows were enrolled into the study 3 wk before parturition and were randomly assigned to either the VB or control treatment. Twice-a-week blood samples, weekly milk samples, and daily feed intake were collected. Cows were enrolled onto a double-ovsynch protocol at 33 ± 3 d postpartum and inseminated by timed artificial insemination. Milk production and components, concentrations of BHB, haptoglobin, and progesterone in serum, and ovarian dynamics were also measured, but no treatment effect was observed. The uterus was flushed on d 14 after artificial insemination (around 72 DIM) for conceptus collection, and endometrial samples were collected at the same time. Overall, 42 cows were flushed and 13 embryos were collected. Analysis of mRNA expression of genes related to embryo development, immune system, adhesion, and regulation of vitamin B molecules showed that OXTR, MUC5B, MUC1, IL1B, SPP, TRD, FZD8, and FOLR1 genes were significantly upregulated in the VB group. Vitamin B supplementation had no effect on the size of the embryo and ovulatory follicle or corpus luteum diameter at embryo collection. In conclusion, the benefits of strategic dietary VB supplementation during the transition and early lactation might be directly linked to endometrial functions required for embryo survival during the peri-implantation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manveen Kaur
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Ivan Hartling
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Tracy A Burnett
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Liam B Polsky
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Charlotte R Donnan
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | | | - Douglas Veira
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada
| | - Ronaldo L A Cerri
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, BC, Canada.
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36
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Brandão AP, Cooke RF, Schubach KM, Marques RS, Bohnert DW, Carvalho RS, Dias NW, Timlin CL, Clark-Deener S, Currin JF, Jump DB, Pohler KG, Cerri RLA, Mercadante VRG. Supplementing Ca salts of soybean oil after artificial insemination increases pregnancy success in Bos taurus beef cows. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:2838-2850. [PMID: 29688495 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Two experiments investigated the effects of supplementing Ca salts of soybean oil (CSSO) during early gestation on reproductive function and pregnancy rates to AI in Bos taurus beef cows. In Exp. 1, 771 suckled, lactating, multiparous Angus cows were divided into 22 groups of approximately 35 cows per group and timed inseminated on day 0. After AI, groups were assigned randomly to receive (as-fed basis) 100 g of ground corn + 100 g of soybean meal per cow/d, in addition to 1) 100 g/cow daily of CSSO (n = 11) or 2) 87 g of prilled saturated fat + 13 g of limestone per cow/d (CON; n = 11). Groups were maintained in individual tall fescue-dominated pastures and offered treatments from day 0 to 21. Pregnancy status was determined between days 45 and 55 via transrectal ultrasonography. Cows receiving CSSO had greater (P = 0.01) pregnancy rates to timed AI compared with CON (60.2 vs. 51.7%; SEM = 4.2). In Exp. 2, 90 suckled, lactating, multiparous Angus × Hereford cows housed in 18 drylot pens (5 cows per pen) were assigned to the same timed AI program and treatments from Exp. 1 (9 pens per treatment) and received 20 kg/d (DM basis) of grass-alfalfa hay. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed to verify ovulation and corpus luteum (CL) volume before AI (day 0), on days 7 and 15. After ultrasonography on day 15, cows diagnosed without a CL on day 0, but with a CL greater than 0.38 cm3 in volume on days 7 and 15 (2 or 3 cows per pen; CSSO, n = 20; CON, n = 24), were assigned to conceptus collection via transcervical flushing and endometrial biopsy in the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL. Blood samples were collected for FA analysis on days 0, 7, and 15. Blood was collected from cows not assigned to conceptus collection for whole-blood RNA extraction on day 20 and for pregnancy diagnosis on day 30 by measuring concentrations of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins. Cows receiving CSSO had greater (P ≤ 0.04) mean plasma concentrations of linoleic acid and ω-6 FA compared with CON on days 7 and 15. Moreover, CSSO supplementation increased (P = 0.05) mRNA expression of interferon-tau by the conceptus and blood mRNA expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 and 20,50-oligoadenylate synthetase on day 20 in gestating cows. Hence, post-AI CSSO supplementation to B. taurus beef cows improved pregnancy rates to timed AI, which can be associated with increased mRNA expression of interferon-tau by the conceptus when CSSO is supplemented during early gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice P Brandão
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.,Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR
| | - Reinaldo F Cooke
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Kelsey M Schubach
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.,Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR
| | - Rodrigo S Marques
- Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR
| | - David W Bohnert
- Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center, Oregon State University, Burns, OR
| | - Rafael S Carvalho
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicholas W Dias
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Claire L Timlin
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Sherrie Clark-Deener
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - John F Currin
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Donald B Jump
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR
| | - Ky G Pohler
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Ronaldo L A Cerri
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vitor R G Mercadante
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
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37
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Campos C, Hartling I, Kaur M, Fernandes A, Santos R, Cerri R. Intramammary infusion of lipopolysaccharide promotes inflammation and alters endometrial gene expression in lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:10440-10455. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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38
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Strillacci MG, Gorla E, Cozzi MC, Vevey M, Genova F, Scienski K, Longeri M, Bagnato A. A copy number variant scan in the autochthonous Valdostana Red Pied cattle breed and comparison with specialized dairy populations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204669. [PMID: 30261013 PMCID: PMC6160104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number variants (CNVs) are an important source of genomic structural variation, recognized to influence phenotypic variation in many species. Many studies have focused on identifying CNVs within and between human and livestock populations alike, but only few have explored population-genetic properties in cattle based on CNVs derived from a high-density SNP array. We report a high-resolution CNV scan using Illumina’s 777k BovineHD Beadchip for Valdostana Red Pied (VRP), an autochthonous Italian dual-purpose cattle population reared in the Alps that did not undergo strong selection for production traits. After stringent quality control and filtering, CNVs were called across 108 bulls using the PennCNV software. A total of 6,784 CNVs were identified, summarized to 1,723 CNV regions (CNVRs) on 29 autosomes covering a total of ~59 Mb of the UMD3.1 assembly. Among the mapped CNVRs, there were 812 losses, 832 gains and 79 complexes. We subsequently performed a comparison of CNVs detected in the VRP and those available from published studies in the Italian Brown Swiss (IBS) and Mexican Holstein (HOL). A total of 171 CNVRs were common to all three breeds. Between VRP and IBS, 474 regions overlapped, while only 313 overlapped between VRP and HOL, indicating a more similar genetic background among populations with common origins, i.e. the Alps. The principal component, clustering and admixture analyses showed a clear separation of the three breeds into three distinct clusters. In order to describe the distribution of CNVs within and among breeds we used the pair VST statistic, considering only the CNVRs shared to more than 5 individuals (within breed). We identified unique and highly differentiated CNVs (n = 33), some of which could be due to specific breed selection and adaptation. Genes and QTL within these regions were characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erica Gorla
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mario Vevey
- Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Bovini Di Razza Valdostana, Gressan, Aosta, Italy
| | - Francesca Genova
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Kathy Scienski
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maria Longeri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Genís S, Arís A, Kaur M, Cerri RLA. Effect of metritis on endometrium tissue transcriptome during puerperium in Holstein lactating cows. Theriogenology 2018; 122:116-123. [PMID: 30245334 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate the effect of parity and uterine health status postpartum on the gene expression profile of the endometrium early post-partum. Twenty-four Holstein cows were randomly selected (16 multiparous (MP) and 8 primiparous (PP)) and endometrium biopsies were collected on days 1, 3, and 6 after calving and clinically monitored for metritis. Rectal temperature was measured twice and fever was defined as a temperature ≥39.5 °C. A case of metritis was diagnosed with the presence of red-brown watery, foul-smelling uterine discharge or a purulent discharge with more than 50% pus and fever between days 1 and 6 postpartum. Cows were then retrospectively selected (cows diagnosed with metritis were paired with healthy ones) to analyze the expression of 66 genes measured on the NanoString nCounter Analysis System. The genes selected were related with adhesion, immune system, steroid and prostaglandin biosynthesis regulation, insulin metabolism and transcription factors, and nutrient transporters. The results indicated a different pattern on genes related to immune function by parity. PTX3, involved in antigen presentation, was increased in healthy MP compared with healthy PP whereas inflammatory cytokine TNFα and complement-related protein SERPING1 was upregulated in MP compared with PP (P < 0.05). As expected, presence of a metritis condition affected the expression of genes related to immune function. There was an increased expression of the antiviral factor MX2 and MYH10 gene, which is involved in macrophages recruitment, in metritic compared with healthy cows (P < 0.05). Differences in uterine involution from cows diagnosed with metritis were reflected by the downregulation of IGF1 (P < 0.10), involved in endometrium remodeling, and a possible compensatory upregulation of its receptor IGFR1 (P < 0.05). A greater expression of prostaglandins and oxytocin receptors (PGR and OXTR), involved in the involution process, were observed in metritic PP compared with healthy PP (P < 0.05). Overall, it seems that metritis significantly modulate processes closely tied with the physical involution of the uterus early post-partum (IGF1, IGFR1, PGR, OXTR), whereas both metritis and multiparous cows tended to upregulate genes related to immune response (PTX3, TNFα, SERPING1, MX2, MYH10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Genís
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institut de Recerca I Tecnologies Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Torre Marimon, Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain; Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anna Arís
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institut de Recerca I Tecnologies Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Torre Marimon, Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manveen Kaur
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ronaldo L A Cerri
- Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Bazer FW, Burghardt RC, Johnson GA, Spencer TE, Wu G. Mechanisms for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy: synergies from scientific collaborations. Biol Reprod 2018; 99:225-241. [PMID: 29462279 PMCID: PMC6044348 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the functions of interferon tau (IFNT) led to the theory of pregnancy recognition signaling in ruminant species. But IFNT does much more as it induces expression of interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2) in uterine luminal (LE), superficial glandular (sGE), but not glandular (GE) epithelia. First, IRF2 silences transcription of the estrogen receptor alpha gene and, indirectly, transcription of the oxytocin receptor gene to abrogate development of the luteolytic mechanism to prevent regression of the corpus luteum and its production of progesterone for establishing and maintaining pregnancy. Second, IRF2 silences expression of classical interferon-stimulated genes in uterine LE and sGE; however, uterine LE and sGE respond to progesterone (P4) and IFNT to increase expression of genes for transport of nutrients into the uterine lumen such as amino acids and glucose. Other genes expressed by uterine LE and sGE encode for adhesion molecules such as galectin 15, cathepsins, and cystatins for tissue remodeling, and hypoxia-inducible factor relevant to angiogenesis and survival of blastocysts in a hypoxic environment. IFNT is also key to a servomechanism that allows uterine epithelia, particularly GE, to proliferate and to express genes in response to placental lactogen and placental growth hormone in sheep. The roles of secreted phosphoprotein 1 are also discussed regarding its role in implantation in sheep and pigs, as well as its stimulation of expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin mRNA and protein which is central to proliferation, migration, and gene expression in the trophectoderm cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Robert C Burghardt
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Gregory A Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Bauersachs S, Simintiras CA, Sturmey RG, Krebs S, Bick J, Blum H, Wolf E, Lonergan P, Forde N. Effect of metabolic status on conceptus-maternal interactions on day 19 in dairy cattle: II. Effects on the endometrial transcriptome. Biol Reprod 2018; 97:413-425. [PMID: 29024972 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the metabolic stresses associated with lactation alter the ability of the endometrium to respond appropriately to the conceptus by examining endometrial gene expression on day 19 of pregnancy. Immediately after calving, primiparous Holstein cows with similar production and fertility estimated breeding values were randomly divided into two groups and either dried off (i.e. never milked) immediately or milked twice daily. Approximately 65-75 days postpartum, grade 1 blastocysts recovered from superovulated Holstein heifer donors (n = 5) were transferred (1 per recipient) into lactating (n = 11) and nonlactating (n = 11) recipients. Control nulliparous Holstein heifers (n = 6) were artificially inseminated. RNA-sequencing was performed on intercaruncular endometrial samples recovered at slaughter from confirmed pregnant animals on day 19 (n = 5 lactating and nonlactating cows; n = 4 heifers). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between both postpartum groups compared to heifers and between lactating and nonlactating cows. Functional annotation of DEGs between cows and heifers revealed over-representation of categories, including endosome, cytoplasmic vesicle, endocytosis, regulation of exocytosis, and cytokine receptor activity. Functional categories including transcription factor binding sites, cell motility, and cell migration were enriched for DEGs between endometria from lactating and nonlactating cows. In conclusion, while the evidence for a major effect of lactation on the endometrial transcriptome is relatively weak, these data suggest that the metabolic status of the animal (heifer vs cow) modulates the response of the endometrium to the developing conceptus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bauersachs
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Constantine A Simintiras
- Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, Kingston-upon-Hull, UK
| | - Roger G Sturmey
- Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, Kingston-upon-Hull, UK
| | - Stefan Krebs
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Bick
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Blum
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Forde
- Division of Reproduction and Early Development, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
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Lotfan M, Ali SA, Yadav ML, Choudhary S, Jena MK, Kumar S, Mohanty AK. Genome-wide gene expression analysis of 45 days pregnant fetal cotyledons vis-a-vis non-pregnant caruncles in buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ). Gene 2018; 654:127-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Tribulo P, Leão BCDS, Lehloenya KC, Mingoti GZ, Hansen PJ. Consequences of endogenous and exogenous WNT signaling for development of the preimplantation bovine embryo. Biol Reprod 2018; 96:1129-1141. [PMID: 28575156 PMCID: PMC5803770 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific role of WNT signaling during preimplantation development remains unclear. Here, we evaluated consequences of activation and inhibition of β-catenin (CTNNB1)-dependent and -independent WNT signaling in the bovine preimplantation embryo. Activation of CTNNB1-mediated WNT signaling by the agonist 2-amino-4-(3,4-(methylenedioxy)benzylamino)-6-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine (AMBMP) and a glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitor reduced development to the blastocyst stage. Moreover, the antagonist of WNT signaling, dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1), alleviated the negative effect of AMBMP on development via reduction of CTNNB1. Based on labeling for phospho c-Jun N-terminal kinase, there was no evidence that DKK1 activated the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. Inhibition of secretion of endogenous WNTs did not affect development but increased number of cells in the inner cell mass (ICM). In contrast, DKK1 did not affect number of ICM or trophectoderm (TE) cells, suggesting that embryo-derived WNTs regulate ICM proliferation through a mechanism independent of CTNNB1. In addition, DKK1 did not affect the number of cells positive for the transcription factor yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) involved in TE formation. In fact, DKK1 decreased YAP1. In contrast, exposure of embryos to WNT family member 7A (WNT7A) improved blastocyst development, inhibited the PCP pathway, and did not affect amounts of CTNNB1. Results indicate that embryo-derived WNTs are dispensable for blastocyst formation but participate in regulation of ICM proliferation, likely through a mechanism independent of CTNNB1. The response to AMBMP and WNT7A leads to the hypothesis that maternally derived WNTs can play a positive or negative role in regulation of preimplantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Tribulo
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Beatriz Caetano da Silva Leão
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil and Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Reproduction, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Khoboso C Lehloenya
- Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Gisele Zoccal Mingoti
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil and Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Reproduction, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Yang F, Wang M, Zhang B, Xiang W, Zhang K, Chu M, Wang P. Identification of new progestogen-associated networks in mammalian ovulation using bioinformatics. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2018; 12:36. [PMID: 29615037 PMCID: PMC5883354 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-018-0577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Progesterone plays an essential role in mammalian ovulation. Although much is known about this process, the gene networks involved in ovulation have yet to be established. When analyze the mechanisms of ovulation, we often need to determine key genes or pathways to investigate the reproduction features. However, traditional experimental methods have a number of limitations. Results Data, in this study, were acquired from GSE41836 and GSE54584 which provided different samples. They were analyzed with the GEO2R and 546 differentially expressed genes were obtained from two data sets using bioinformatics (absolute log2 FC > 1, P < 0.05). This study identified four genes (PGR, RELN, PDE10A and PLA2G4A) by protein-protein interaction networks and pathway analysis, and their functional enrichments were associated with ovulation. Then, the top 25 statistical pathway enrichments related to hCG treatment were analyzed. Furthermore, gene network analysis identified certain interconnected genes and pathways involved in progestogenic mechanisms, including progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, the MAPK signaling pathway, the GnRH signaling pathway and focal adhesion, etc. Moreover, we explored the four target gene pathways. q-PCR analysis following hCG and RU486 treatments confirmed the certain novel progestogenic-associated genes (GNAI1, PRKCA, CAV1, EGFR, RHOA, ZYX, VCL, GRB2 and RAP1A). Conclusions The results suggested four key genes, nine predicted genes and eight pathways to be involved in progestogenic networks. These networks provide important regulatory genes and signaling pathways which are involved in ovulation. This study provides a fundamental basis for subsequent functional studies to investigate the regulation of mammalian ovulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12918-018-0577-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Medical Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Baoyun Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Mingxin Chu
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pingqing Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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45
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Moraes JGN, Behura SK, Geary TW, Hansen PJ, Neibergs HL, Spencer TE. Uterine influences on conceptus development in fertility-classified animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E1749-E1758. [PMID: 29432175 PMCID: PMC5828633 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721191115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A major unresolved issue is how the uterus influences infertility and subfertility in cattle. Serial embryo transfer was previously used to classify heifers as high-fertile (HF), subfertile (SF), or infertile (IF). To assess pregnancy loss, two in vivo-produced embryos were transferred into HF, SF, and IF heifers on day 7, and pregnancy outcome was assessed on day 17. Pregnancy rate was substantially higher in HF (71%) and SF (90%) than IF (20%) heifers. Elongating conceptuses were about twofold longer in HF than SF heifers. Transcriptional profiling detected relatively few differences in the endometrium of nonpregnant HF, SF, and IF heifers. In contrast, there was a substantial difference in the transcriptome response of the endometrium to pregnancy between HF and SF heifers. Considerable deficiencies in pregnancy-dependent biological pathways associated with extracellular matrix structure and organization as well as cell adhesion were found in the endometrium of SF animals. Distinct gene expression differences were also observed in conceptuses from HF and SF animals, with many of the genes decreased in SF conceptuses known to be embryonic lethal in mice due to defects in embryo and/or placental development. Analyses of biological pathways, key players, and ligand-receptor interactions based on transcriptome data divulged substantial evidence for dysregulation of conceptus-endometrial interactions in SF animals. These results support the ideas that the uterus impacts conceptus survival and programs conceptus development, and ripple effects of dysregulated conceptus-endometrial interactions elicit loss of the postelongation conceptus in SF cattle during the implantation period of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao G N Moraes
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Susanta K Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Thomas W Geary
- Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Miles City, MT 59301
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Holly L Neibergs
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211;
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Lesage-Padilla A, Forde N, Poirée M, Healey GD, Giraud-Delville C, Reinaud P, Eozenou C, Vitorino Carvalho A, Galio L, Raliou M, Oudin JF, Richard C, Sheldon IM, Charpigny G, Lonergan P, Sandra O. Maternal metabolism affects endometrial expression of oxidative stress and FOXL2 genes in cattle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189942. [PMID: 29281695 PMCID: PMC5744954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive selection for milk production has led to reduced reproductive efficiency in high-producing dairy cattle. The impact of intensive milk production on oocyte quality as well as early embryo development has been established but few analyses have addressed this question at the initiation of implantation, a critical milestone ensuring a successful pregnancy and normal post-natal development. Our study aimed to determine if contrasted maternal metabolism affects the previously described sensory properties of the endometrium to the conceptus in cattle. Following embryo transfer at Day 7 post-oestrus, endometrial caruncular (CAR) and intercaruncular (ICAR) areas were collected at Day 19 from primiparous postpartum Holstein-Friesian cows that were dried-off immediately after parturition (i.e., never milked; DRY) or milked twice daily (LACT). Gene quantification indicated no significant impact of lactation on endometrial expression of transcripts previously reported as conceptus-regulated (PLET1, PTGS2, SOCS6) and interferon-tau stimulated (RSAD2, SOCS1, SOCS3, STAT1) factors or known as female hormone-regulated genes (FOXL2, SCARA5, PTGS2). Compared with LACT cows, DRY cows exhibited mRNA levels with increased expression for FOXL2 transcription factor and decreased expression for oxidative stress-related genes (CAT, SOD1, SOD2). In vivo and in vitro experiments highlighted that neither interferon-tau nor FOXL2 were involved in transcriptional regulation of CAT, SOD1 and SOD2. In addition, our data showed that variations in maternal metabolism had a higher impact on gene expression in ICAR areas. Collectively, our findings prompt the need to fully understand the extent to which modifications in endometrial physiology drive the trajectory of conceptus development from implantation onwards when maternal metabolism is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niamh Forde
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mélanie Poirée
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Gareth D. Healey
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Caroline Eozenou
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | - Laurent Galio
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Mariam Raliou
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | | | - I. Martin Sheldon
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Gilles Charpigny
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Olivier Sandra
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
- * E-mail:
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Neupane M, Geary TW, Kiser JN, Burns GW, Hansen PJ, Spencer TE, Neibergs HL. Loci and pathways associated with uterine capacity for pregnancy and fertility in beef cattle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188997. [PMID: 29228019 PMCID: PMC5724891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility and subfertility negatively impact the economics and reproductive performance of cattle. Of note, significant pregnancy loss occurs in cattle during the first month of pregnancy, yet little is known about the genetic loci influencing pregnancy success and loss in cattle. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) with large effects associated with early pregnancy loss, Angus crossbred heifers were classified based on day 28 pregnancy outcomes to serial embryo transfer. A genome wide association analysis (GWAA) was conducted comparing 30 high fertility heifers with 100% success in establishing pregnancy to 55 subfertile heifers with 25% or less success. A gene set enrichment analysis SNP (GSEA-SNP) was performed to identify gene sets and leading edge genes influencing pregnancy loss. The GWAA identified 22 QTL (p < 1 x 10-5), and GSEA-SNP identified 9 gene sets (normalized enrichment score > 3.0) with 253 leading edge genes. Network analysis identified TNF (tumor necrosis factor), estrogen, and TP53 (tumor protein 53) as the top of 671 upstream regulators (p < 0.001), whereas the SOX2 (SRY [sex determining region Y]-box 2) and OCT4 (octamer-binding transcription factor 4) complex was the top master regulator out of 773 master regulators associated with fertility (p < 0.001). Identification of QTL and genes in pathways that improve early pregnancy success provides critical information for genomic selection to increase fertility in cattle. The identified genes and regulators also provide insight into the complex biological mechanisms underlying pregnancy establishment in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Neupane
- Department Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Thomas W. Geary
- USDA-ARS, Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory, Miles City, Montana, United States of America
| | - Jennifer N. Kiser
- Department Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Gregory W. Burns
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Peter J. Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Thomas E. Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Holly L. Neibergs
- Department Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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48
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Thatcher WW. A 100-Year Review: Historical development of female reproductive physiology in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:10272-10291. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Hansen TR, Sinedino LDP, Spencer TE. Paracrine and endocrine actions of interferon tau (IFNT). Reproduction 2017; 154:F45-F59. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the paracrine and endocrine actions of interferon tau (IFNT) during pregnancy recognition and establishment in ruminants. Pregnancy recognition involves the suppression of the endometrial luteolytic mechanism by the conceptus to maintain progesterone production by the corpus luteum (CL). The paracrine antiluteolytic effects of conceptus-derived IFNT inhibit upregulation of oxytocin receptors in the endometrial epithelia of the uterus, thereby preventing the production of luteolytic prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) pulses. In the endometrium, IFNT induces or upregulates a large number of classical IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) and regulates expression of many other genes in a cell-specific manner that are likely important for conceptus elongation, implantation and establishment of pregnancy. Further, IFNT has endocrine effects on extrauterine cells and tissues. In sheep, IFNT induces luteal resistance to PGF2α, thereby ensuring survival of the CL for maintenance of pregnancy. The ISGs induced in circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells by IFNT may also be useful as an indicator of pregnancy status in cattle. An increased knowledge of IFNT and ISGs is important to improve the reproductive efficiency in ruminants.
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Moore SG, McCabe MS, Green JC, Newsom EM, Lucy MC. The transcriptome of the endometrium and placenta is associated with pregnancy development but not lactation status in dairy cows†,‡. Biol Reprod 2017; 97:18-31. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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