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Ho CH, Shieh LT, Lin CH, Guo HR, Ho YC, Ho SY. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy for intracranial malignant meningiomas: analysis of a nationwide database. J Neurooncol 2024; 169:369-378. [PMID: 38814405 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the effect of postoperative radiotherapy on survival outcomes in patients with malignant meningiomas. METHODS We identified patients with malignant meningioma diagnosed between 2007 and 2018 using the Taiwan Cancer Registry and followed them up using the death registry. Survival was compared between patients with and without adjuvant radiotherapy. The potential confounding factors evaluated in this study included age, sex, comorbidities, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). RESULTS The analysis included 204 patients; 94 (46%) received adjuvant radiotherapy. The two groups had similar sex distributions (p = 0.53), mean age (p = 0.33), histologic subtype (p = 0.13), and CCI (p = 0.62). The prognosis of malignant meningioma was poor, with a median overall survival (OS) of 2.4 years. The median OS was 3.0 years (interquartile range (IQR) [1.4-6.1], and 2.0 years (IQR [0.5-3.9]) in the radiotherapy and non-radiotherapy groups, respectively (p = 0.001). However, Kaplan-Meier curves with the log-rank test showed no significant difference in OS between the two groups (p = 0.999). Controlling for age group, sex, histologic subtype, treatment, comorbidities, and CCI, adjuvant radiotherapy did not impart a survival benefit (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6‒1.26); however, only factor of higher comorbidity score (HR = 2.03, 95%CI: 1.04‒3.94) was associated with unfavorable survival. CONCLUSION This population-based retrospective analysis suggests that the role of radiotherapy remains unclear and underscores the need for randomized clinical trials to assess the usefulness of adjuvant radiotherapy in malignant meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan , Taiwan
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Li-Tsun Shieh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yow Ho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Toader C, Bratu BG, Covache-Busuioc RA, Dumitrascu DI, Glavan LA, Ciurea AV. Giant Extracranial Meningioma Associated With Hormonal Imbalances Due to Thyroidectomy: Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e51376. [PMID: 38293000 PMCID: PMC10825725 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas represent a prevalent class of primary brain tumors, with malignancies such as World Health Organization grade III meningiomas posing significant clinical challenges due to their aggressive nature and potential for recurrence. This case report showcases the clinical journey of a 67-year-old female patient presenting with a giant malignant meningioma post-thyroidectomy, who unfortunately succumbed to postoperative complications. The report offers a comprehensive analysis of the tumor's clinical presentation, including its substantial size, which qualifies it as a 'giant' meningioma, and explores the patient's endocrine dysfunction as a possible contributing factor to her neurological pathology. In the broader context of meningioma management, the report synthesizes data from multiple studies, underscoring the higher incidence of such malignancies in post-pubertal women and the complexity of treatment modalities. Surgical resection remains the cornerstone of treatment, especially when combined with adjuvant therapies. The report concludes with a discussion on the persistent gaps in knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of giant malignant meningiomas and the need for further research, particularly concerning the role of endocrine dysregulation in their development. This case underscores the imperative for multidisciplinary approaches and individualized treatment strategies in the management of malignant meningiomas, with an emphasis on the intricate interplay between endocrine factors and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corneliu Toader
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | | | - David-Ioan Dumitrascu
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Luca-Andrei Glavan
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Alexandru Vladimir Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanador Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
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Pettersson-Segerlind J, Fletcher-Sandersjöö A, von Vogelsang AC, Persson O, Kihlström Burenstam Linder L, Förander P, Mathiesen T, Edström E, Elmi-Terander A. Long-Term Follow-Up, Treatment Strategies, Functional Outcome, and Health-Related Quality of Life after Surgery for WHO Grade 2 and 3 Intracranial Meningiomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205038. [PMID: 36291821 PMCID: PMC9600120 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Meningiomas are the most common group of primary intracranial tumors. While the majority are classified as WHO grade 1, WHO grade 2 and 3 meningiomas have poorer outcomes, even after gross total resection, and often require supplementary treatment. Long-term follow-up data regarding the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for grade 2 and 3 tumors are scarce, and data evaluating the routine use of supplementary radiotherapy and radiosurgery have been inconclusive. Furthermore, few studies have reported data on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL), anxiety, and depression for these patients. In this population-based cohort study, we reviewed 51 cases of WHO grade 2 and 3 meningiomas. We found that the median OS was 13 years for grade 2 and 1.4 years for grade 3 meningiomas. Meningioma was the cause of death in 93% of the patients who passed away. The surviving patients showed HRQoL measures comparable to that of the general population, with the exception of significantly more anxiety and depression. All patients who worked preoperatively returned to work after their treatment. Abstract Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for WHO grade 2 and 3 intracranial meningiomas are poorly described, and long-term results and data evaluating the routine use of supplementary fractionated radiotherapy (RT) or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term PFS and OS at a center that does not employ routine adjuvant RT. For this purpose, a retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted of all WHO grade 2 and 3 meningiomas surgically treated between 2005 and 2013. The cohort was uniformly defined according to the WHO 2007 criteria to allow comparisons to previously published reports. Patient records were reviewed, and patients were then prospectively contacted for structured quality-of-life assessments. In total, 51 consecutive patients were included, of whom 43 were WHO grade 2 and 8 were grade 3. A Simpson grade 1–2 resection was achieved in 62%. The median PFS was 31 months for grade 2 tumors, and 3.4 months for grade 3. The median OS was 13 years for grade 2, and 1.4 years for grade 3. The MIB-1-index was significantly associated with an increased risk for recurrence (p = 0.018, OR 1.12). The median PFS was significantly shorter for high-risk tumors compared to the low-risk group (10 vs. 46 months; p = 0.018). The surviving meningioma patients showed HRQoL measures comparable to that of the general population, with the exception of significantly more anxiety and depression. All patients who worked before surgery returned to work after their treatment. In conclusion, we confirm dismal prognoses in patients with grade 2 and 3 meningiomas, with tumor-related deaths resulting in severely reduced OS. However, the cohort was heterogenous, and a large subgroup of both grade 2 and 3 meningiomas was alive at 10 years follow-up, suggesting that a cure is possible. In addition, fractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy had little benefit when introduced for recurrent and progressive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Pettersson-Segerlind
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Fletcher-Sandersjöö
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christin von Vogelsang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Persson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Kihlström Burenstam Linder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Förander
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tiit Mathiesen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erik Edström
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adrian Elmi-Terander
- Department of Neurosurgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy in Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma, CNS WHO Grade 3. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194689. [PMID: 36230612 PMCID: PMC9562197 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Only 1% of all meningioma diagnosis is classified as malignant (anaplastic) meningioma. Due to their rarity, clinical management of these tumors presents several gaps. In this review, we investigate current knowledge of anaplastic meningioma focusing on their pathological and radiological diagnosis, molecular assessment, and loco-regional and systemic management. Despite the current marginal role of systemic therapy, it is possible that the increasing knowledge of molecular altered pathways of the disease will lead to the development of novel effective systemic treatments. Abstract Background: Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system malignancies accounting for 36% of all intracranial tumors. However, only 1% of meningioma is classified as malignant (anaplastic) meningioma. Due to their rarity, clinical management of these tumors presents several gaps. Methods: We carried out a narrative review aimed to investigate current knowledge of anaplastic meningioma focusing on their pathological and radiological diagnosis, molecular assessment, and loco-regional and systemic management. Results: The most frequent genetic alteration occurring in meningioma is the inactivation in the neurofibromatosis 2 genes (merlin). The accumulation of copy number losses, including 1p, 6p/q, 10q, 14q, and 18p/q, and less frequently 2p/q, 3p, 4p/q, 7p, 8p/q, and 9p, compatible with instability, is restricted to NF2 mutated meningioma. Surgery and different RT approaches represent the milestone of grade 3 meningioma management, while there is a marginal role of systemic therapy. Conclusions: Anaplastic meningiomas are rare tumors, and diagnosis should be suspected and confirmed by trained radiologists and pathologists. Despite the current marginal role of systemic therapy, it is possible that the increasing knowledge of molecular altered pathways of the disease will lead to the development of novel effective systemic treatments.
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Bergner A, Maier AD, Mirian C, Mathiesen TI. Adjuvant radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery in grade 3 meningiomas - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurg Rev 2022; 45:2639-2658. [PMID: 35543810 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-022-01773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Malignant meningioma is a rare, aggressive form of meningioma. Radiation is commonly included in treatment guidelines either as adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) or stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Nevertheless, the treatment recommendations are not supported by prospective comparative trials and systematical, critical evaluation of supportive evidence is lacking. For this systematic review, studies analyzing the effectiveness of adjuvant RT and SRS in grade 3 (gr. 3) meningioma were reviewed. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis, and 6 studies were assessed in quantitative analysis. In quantitative analysis, the weighted average of hazard ratios for adjuvant RT in univariate analyses of overall survival (OS) was 0.55 (CI: 0.41; 0.69). The median 5-year OS after adjuvant RT in gr. 3 meningiomas was 56.3%, and the median OS ranged from 24 to 80 months for patients treated with adjuvant RT versus 13 to 41.2 months in patients not treated. For SRS, the 3-year progression free survival was 0% in one study and 57% in another. The 2-year OS ranged from 25 to 75% in 2 studies. The quality of evidence was rated as "very low" in 14 studies analyzed, and considerable allocation bias was detected. Treatment toxicity was reported in 47% of the studies. The severity, according to the CTCAE, ranged from grades I-V and 5.3 to 100% of patients experienced complications. Adjuvant RT is usually considered standard of care for WHO grade 3 meningiomas, although supporting evidence was of low quality. Better evidence from registries and prospective trials can improve the evidence base for adjuvant fractionated RT in malignant meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amon Bergner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Andrea Daniela Maier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Mirian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tiit Illimar Mathiesen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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