1
|
Wei QY, Jin F, Wang ZY, Li BJ, Cao WB, Sun ZY, Mo SJ. MicroRNAs: A novel signature in the metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1497-1523. [PMID: 38617454 PMCID: PMC11008420 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i11.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a malignant epithelial tumor, characterized by squamous cell differentiation, it is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The increased mortality rate of ESCC patients is predominantly due to the advanced stage of the disease when discovered, coupled with higher risk of metastasis, which is an exceedingly malignant characteristic of cancer, frequently leading to a high mortality rate. Unfortunately, there is currently no specific and effective marker to predict and treat metastasis in ESCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, approximately 22 nucleotides in length. miRNAs are vital in modulating gene expression and serve pivotal regulatory roles in the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of cancer. Here, we have examined the literature to highlight the intimate correlations between miRNAs and ESCC metastasis, and show that ESCC metastasis is predominantly regulated or regulated by genetic and epigenetic factors. This review proposes a potential role for miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for metastasis in ESCC metastasis, with the ultimate aim of reducing the mortality rate among patients with ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Ying Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Wang
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Bing-Jie Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Wen-Bo Cao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Sun
- Division of Special Service, Department of Basic Oncology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Sai-Jun Mo
- Department of Basic Science of Oncology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen X, Zhu X, Yan W, Wang L, Xue D, Zhu S, Pan J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Han D. Serum lncRNA THRIL predicts benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and promotes the progression of pulmonary malignancies. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:755. [PMID: 37582734 PMCID: PMC10426220 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This project aimed to research the significance of THRIL in the diagnosis of benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) and to investigate the role of THRIL/miR-99a in malignant SPNs. METHODS The study groups consisted of 169 patients with SPN and 74 healthy subjects. The differences in THRIL levels were compared between the two groups and the healthy group. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was utilized to analyze the THRIL's significance in detecting benign and malignant SPN. Pearson correlation and binary regression coefficients represented the association between THRIL and SPN. CCK-8 assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry were utilized to detect the regulatory effect of THRIL silencing. The interaction between THRIL, miR-99a, and IGF1R was confirmed by the double luciferase reporter gene. RESULTS There were differences in THRIL expression in the healthy group, benign SPN group, and malignant SPN group. High accuracy of THRIL in the diagnosis of benign SPN and malignant SPN was observed. THRIL was associated with the development of SPN. The expression of THRIL was upregulated and miR-99a was downregulated in lung cancer cells. The double luciferase report experiment confirmed the connections between THRIL/miR-99a/IGF1R. Silencing THRIL could suppress cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promote cell apoptosis by binding miR-99a. CONCLUSION The detection of THRIL in serum is useful for the assessment of malignant SPN. THRIL can regulate the expression of IGF1R through miR-99a, thereby promoting the growth of lung cancer cells and inhibiting apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Xianji Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Luan Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Dongming Xue
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Shouying Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Jiajun Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Qixiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated with Xuzhou Medical College, 269 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hang C, Zhang Y, Qu Y, Wang X. LncRNA ANRIL represses proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells through targeting MiR-99a. Minerva Med 2022; 113:887-889. [PMID: 32697066 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06751-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hang
- Department of Orthodontics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yachao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Dongchangfu People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yong Qu
- Department of Oncology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Oncology Hematology, Dongchangfu People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China -
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mbatha S, Hull R, Dlamini Z. Exploiting the Molecular Basis of Oesophageal Cancer for Targeted Therapies and Biomarkers for Drug Response: Guiding Clinical Decision-Making. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102359. [PMID: 36289620 PMCID: PMC9598679 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, oesophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of deaths related to cancer and represents a major health concern. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the regions of the world with the highest incidence and mortality rates for oesophageal cancer and most of the cases of oesophageal cancer in this region are oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The development and progression of OSCC is characterized by genomic changes which can be utilized as diagnostic or prognostic markers. These include changes in the expression of various genes involved in signaling pathways that regulate pathways that regulate processes that are related to the hallmarks of cancer, changes in the tumor mutational burden, changes in alternate splicing and changes in the expression of non-coding RNAs such as miRNA. These genomic changes give rise to characteristic profiles of altered proteins, transcriptomes, spliceosomes and genomes which can be used in clinical applications to monitor specific disease related parameters. Some of these profiles are characteristic of more aggressive forms of cancer or are indicative of treatment resistance or tumors that will be difficult to treat or require more specialized specific treatments. In Sub-Saharan region of Africa there is a high incidence of viral infections such as HPV and HIV, which are both risk factors for OSCC. The genomic changes that occur due to these infections can serve as diagnostic markers for OSCC related to viral infection. Clinically this is an important distinction as it influences treatment as well as disease progression and treatment monitoring practices. This underlines the importance of the characterization of the molecular landscape of OSCC in order to provide the best treatment, care, diagnosis and screening options for the management of OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sikhumbuzo Mbatha
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (Z.D.)
| | - Rodney Hull
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (Z.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Exploring the Study of miR-1301 Inhibiting the Proliferation and Migration of Squamous Cell Carcinoma YD-38 Cells through PI3K/AKT Pathway under Deep Learning Medical Images. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:5865640. [PMID: 35186067 PMCID: PMC8853767 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5865640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development and application of deep learning medical image recognition, natural language processing, and other fields, at the same time, deep learning has become the most popular research direction in the field of image processing and recognition. Through deep learning medical image recognition technology, it is of great significance to explore the research of miR-1301. The purpose of this article is to use an improved CNN neural network model algorithm combined to contrast the experimental groups and use deep learning medical imaging technology to study the mechanism by which miR-1301 inhibits the proliferation of carcinoma YD-38 cells through the PI3K/AKT pathway. This paper studies the method of image recognition of squamous cell carcinoma YD-38 cells using a convolutional neural network (CNN). First, a CNN classification model for the characteristics of YD-38 cell images is constructed. Then, pretraining and dropout technology are used to improve and optimize the proposed CNN model to improve the robustness of the model. In this paper, the miR mimic group and the miR blank group and the PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor Wortmannin were selected to jointly treat YD-38 cells. The expression of mRNA in miR-1301 in HGF-1 was determined using RT-PCR (real and real-time fluorescence and YD-38 cells). The blank plasmids and the miR-1301 mimic (miR-1301 mimic) were transfected into YD-38 cells. The experiments were divided into two groups in the miR-1301 blank group and the miR-1301 simulation groups, respectively. The proliferation capacity of YD-38 cells was prepared in 1.5 ml sterile EP tubes and then diluted with medium for the proliferation of the cells. The scratch test and Transwell test were used to detect the effect of miR-1-3p on the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells. In this paper, CCK-8 experiment, clone formation experiment, flow cytometry, scratch experiment, and Transwell chamber experiment are used to analyze the effects of target gene CAAP1 on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells. This paper uses CCK-8 to detect five kinds of the effect of miRNA on the proliferation ability of liver cancer cells and the effect of miR-1-3p on the proliferation ability of liver cancer cells. Experimental studies have shown that, compared with the miR blank group, the expression of PI3K and p-AKT was significantly downregulated in the miR mimic group after 24, 48, and 72 hours and the phosphorylation level of AKT was also significantly reduced
.
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Z, Wu K, Gu S, Wang W, Xie S, Lu T, Li L, Dong C, Wang X, Zhou Y. A methyltransferase-like 14/miR-99a-5p/tribble 2 positive feedback circuit promotes cancer stem cell persistence and radioresistance via histone deacetylase 2-mediated epigenetic modulation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e545. [PMID: 34586732 PMCID: PMC8441142 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive and treatment-resistant tumor. The biological implications and molecular mechanism of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) in ESCC, which contribute to therapeutic resistance such as radioresistance, remain elusive. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization assays were used to detect methyltransferase-like 14 miR-99a-5p tribble 2 (METTL14/miR-99a-5p/TRIB2) expression in ESCC. The biological functions of METTL14/miR-99a-5p/TRIB2 were demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Mass spectrum analysis was used to identify the downstream proteins regulated by TRIB2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (IP), IP, N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A)-RNA IP, luciferase reporter, and ubiquitination assays were employed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying this feedback circuit and its downstream pathways. RESULTS We found that miR-99a-5p was significantly decreased in ESCC. miR-99a-5p inhibited CSCs persistence and the radioresistance of ESCC cells, and miR-99a-5p downregulation predicted an unfavorable prognosis of ESCC patients. Mechanically, we unveiled a METTL14-miR-99a-5p-TRIB2 positive feedback loop that enhances CSC properties and radioresistance of ESCC cells. METTL14, an m6 A RNA methyltransferase downregulated in ESCC, suppresses TRIB2 expression via miR-99a-5p-mediated degradation of TRIB2 mRNA by targeting its 3' untranslated region, whereas TRIB2 induces ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of METTL14 in a COP1-dependent manner. METTL14 upregulates miR-99a-5p by modulating m6 A-mediated, DiGeorge critical region 8-dependent pri-mir-99a processing. Hyperactivation of TRIB2 resulting from this positive circuit was closely correlated with radioresistance and CSC characteristics. Furthermore, TRIB2 activates HDAC2 and subsequently induces p21 epigenetic repression through Akt/mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway activation. Pharmacologic inhibition of HDAC2 effectively attenuates the TRIB2-mediated effect both in vitro and in patient-derived xenograft models. CONCLUSION Our data highlight the presence of the METTL14/miR-99a-5p/TRIB2 axis and show that it is positively associated with CSC characteristics and radioresistance of ESCC, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for ESCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Kaiqing Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Shaorui Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Shiliang Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Tiancheng Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Chenglai Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Xishi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Yongxin Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Docosahexaenoic acid supresses breast cancer cell proliferation and migration by promoting the expression of miR-99a and targeting mTOR signaling. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
8
|
Fiala O, Sorejs O, Hosek P, Liska V, Vycital O, Bruha J, Kucera R, Topolcan O, Finek J, Maceckova D, Pitule P. Association of miR-125b, miR-17 and let-7c Dysregulations With Response to Anti-epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibodies in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 17:605-613. [PMID: 32859639 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM MicroRNAs (miRs) play an important role in the regulation of cancer-related processes and are promising candidates for cancer biomarkers. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of response to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with selected miR expression profiles, including miR-125b, let-7c, miR-99a, miR-17, miR-143 and miR-145 in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 46 patients with mCRC harbouring wild-type RAS gene treated with cetuximab or panitumumab combined with chemotherapy in first- or second-line therapy. The miR expression was assessed using qRT-PCR. RESULTS Down-regulation of miR-125b and let-7c and up-regulation of miR-17 were found in the tumour tissue (p=0.0226, p=0.0040, p<0.0001). Objective response rate (ORR) was associated with up-regulation of miR-125b (p=0.0005). Disease control rate (DCR) was associated with up-regulation of miR-125b and let-7c (p=0.0383 and p=0.0255) and down-regulation of miR-17 (p=0.0464). MiR-125b showed correlation with progression-free and overall survival (p=0.055 and p=0.006). CONCLUSION The results show that up-regulation of miR-125b is associated with higher ORR and DCR and longer survival; let-7c up-regulation and miR-17 down-regulation are associated with higher DCR in mCRC patients treated with anti-EGFR mAbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Fiala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic .,Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Sorejs
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Hosek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Liska
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Vycital
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bruha
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Kucera
- Department of Immunochemistry Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Topolcan
- Department of Immunochemistry Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jindrich Finek
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Diana Maceckova
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pitule
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bioinformatics-based analysis of the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and TF regulatory networks reveals functional genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225786. [PMID: 32662828 PMCID: PMC7441485 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a 5-year survival rate unsatisfied malignancies. The study aimed to identify the novel diagnostic and prognostic targets for ESCC. Expression profiling (GSE89102, GSE97051, and GSE59973) data were downloaded from the GEO database. Then, differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, DEmiRNAs, and genes (DEGs) with P-values < 0.05, and |log2FC| ≥ 2, were identified using GEO2R. Functional enrichment analysis of miRNA-related mRNAs and lncRNA co-expressed mRNA was performed. LncRNA–miRNA–mRNA, protein–protein interaction of miRNA-related mRNAs and DEGs, co-expression, and transcription factors-hub genes network were constructed. The transcriptional data, the diagnostic and prognostic value of hub genes were estimated with ONCOMINE, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and Kaplan–Meier plotter, respectively. Also, the expressions of hub genes were assessed through qPCR and Western blot assays. The CDK1, VEGFA, PRDM10, RUNX1, CDK6, HSP90AA1, MYC, EGR1, and SOX2 used as hub genes. And among them, PRDM10, RUNX1, and CDK6 predicted worse overall survival (OS) in ESCC patients. Our results showed that the hub genes were significantly up-regulated in ESCA primary tumor tissues and cell lines, and exhibited excellent diagnostic efficiency. These results suggest that the hub genes may server as potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ESCC.
Collapse
|
10
|
Shen Y, Shao Y, Niu C, Ruan X, Zang Z, Nakyeyune R, Guo X, Liu F. Systematic Identification of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:580390. [PMID: 33747034 PMCID: PMC7966720 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.580390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are described as endogenous non-coding RNAs that have been reported to play important roles in the development and progression of cancers. This study aimed to reveal the circRNA-related regulatory mechanism in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods A genome-wide circRNA microarray assay was performed to profile the expression of circRNAs in the blood of preoperative ESCC patients and healthy controls. A systematic method of data mining was performed to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the metaMA and RankProd analysis. Bioinformatics analyses and multiple tools were employed to construct the potential circRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network. Results Thirty-three differentially expressed circRNAs were identified in the ESCC blood, including 31 downregulated and two upregulated circRNAs in the blood of ESCC patients compared with the healthy controls. Twenty-three DEmiRs and 2,220 DEGs were obtained by the integration of microarray datasets. An ESCC-associated circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network was constructed based on 31 circRNAs, 3 DEmiRs, and 190 DEGs. Enrichment analyses indicated that the DEGs were associated with a series of biological processes and cancer-related pathways. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was generated by the 190 DEGs, with 10 hub genes verified in the network. Subsequently, a sub-network was established for ESCC, which included 29 circRNAs, 2 miRNAs, and 10 hub genes. Conclusion Our study provided a novel clue to help understand the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory mechanism, highlighting the potential roles of circRNAs in the pathogenesis and development of ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Ruan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoping Zang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rena Nakyeyune
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ectopic expression of microRNA-874 represses epithelial mesenchymal transition through the NF-κB pathway via CCNE1 in cholangiocarcinoma. Cell Signal 2021; 82:109927. [PMID: 33476715 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is a devastating disease associated with poor survival rate. microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been reported to assume a great role in CC development. This research aims to explore the functions of miR-874 in regulating epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CC. In obtained CC tissues and cells, miR-784 expression was assessed by RT-qPCR, and CCNE1 expression by RT-qPCR or immunohistochemistry. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was implemented for relationship between miR-784 and CCNE1. The roles of miR-784, CCNE1 and the NF-κB pathway in CC were investigated on human CC cell lines. CCNE1 was found to be highly expressed in CC while miR-874 expression was lowered in CC tissues and cells, thereby suggesting a negative regulatory effect of CCNE1. In QBC939 and RBE cells, overexpressing miR-874 or silencing CCNE1 led to augmented IκBα and E-cadherin expression, but diminished CCNE1, NF-κB, N-cadherin, and Vimentin expression. Moreover, overexpression of miR-874 or CCNE1 silencing led to reduced cell proliferation, invasion, and migration capabilities. In conclusion, we demonstrated that miR-874 negatively regulated CCNE1 to inhibit the NF-κB pathway, thus consequently suppressing EMT in CC. Therefore, the overexpression of miR-874 might bring favorable outcomes for the treatment of CC.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang H, Li H, Yu Y, Jiang Q, Zhang R, Sun H, Xing W, Li Y. Long non-coding RNA XIST promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through sponging miR-129-5p and upregulating CCND1 expression. Cell Cycle 2020; 20:39-53. [PMID: 33345719 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1856497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) X inactive specific transcript (XIST) has been identified as an oncogenic lncRNA in a series of human cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we aimed to further explore the underlying mechanism of XIST on ESCC progression. qRT-PCR assay was used to determine the levels of XIST and miR-129-5p. Western blot analysis was performed to assess cyclin D1 (CCND1) expression. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using starBase v2.0 software. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were employed to confirm the interaction between XIST and miR-129-5p or miR-129-5p and CCND1. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometric analysis, and cell migration and invasion were detected by transwell assay. Mouse studies were used to observe the effect of XIST silencing on tumor growth in vivo. Our results indicated that XIST was upregulated and miR-129-5p was downregulated in ESCC. XIST silencing or miR-129-5p overexpression repressed cell cycle progression, proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted the apoptosis in ESCC cells. Moreover, XIST directly interacted with miR-129-5p and repressed miR-129-5p expression. MiR-129-5p mediated the regulatory effect of XIST on ESCC cell progression in vitro, and XIST promoted CCND1 expression by sponging miR-129-5p. Additionally, XIST silencing inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Our findings suggested that XIST silencing repressed the progression of ESCC at least partly through regulating the miR-129-5p/CCND1 axis. Targeting XIST might be a potential therapeutic strategy for ESCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haomiao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongkui Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingfeng Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixiang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haibo Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenqun Xing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Song W, Wang K, Yang X, Dai W, Fan Z. Long non‑coding RNA BANCR mediates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by regulating the IGF1R/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway via miR‑338‑3p. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1377-1388. [PMID: 32945416 PMCID: PMC7447317 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a type of digestive tract malignant tumor that severely threatens human health. The long non‑coding RNA BRAF activated non‑coding RNA (BANCR) and insulin‑like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) are associated with various types of cancer; however, it remains unclear whether BANCR can regulate IGF1R expression in ESCC. In the present study, the expression levels of BANCR, IGF1R mRNA and microRNA‑338‑3p (miRNA/miR‑338‑3p) in ESCC tissues or cells were detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). The levels of IGF1R, E‑cadherin, N‑cadherin, Vimentin, p‑Raf‑1, p‑MEK1/2 and p‑ERK1/2 were measured by western blot analysis. The proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells were determined by 3‑(4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) or Transwell assays. The relationship between miR‑338‑3p and BANCR or IGF1R was predicted using starBase2.0 and confirmed by dual‑luciferase reporter assay. The role of BANCR in ESCC in vivo was confirmed through a tumor xenograft assay. It was found that BANCR and IGF1R were upregulated, while miR‑338‑3p was downregulated in ESCC tissues and cells. Both BANCR and IGF1R knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ESCC cells. IGF1R enhancement reversed BANCR knockdown‑mediated effects on the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of ESCC cells. BANCR regulated the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway by regulating IGF1R expression. Notably, BANCR regulated IGF1R expression by sponging miR‑338‑3p. Moreover, BANCR silencing inhibited tumor growth in vivo. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that BANCR inhibition blocks ESCC progression by inactivating the IGF1R/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway by sponging miR‑338‑3p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Kuangjing Wang
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029
| | - Xiaozhong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Zhining Fan
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Moura SR, Bras JP, Freitas J, Osório H, Barbosa MA, Santos SG, Almeida MI. miR-99a in bone homeostasis: Regulating osteogenic lineage commitment and osteoclast differentiation. Bone 2020; 134:115303. [PMID: 32126314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tight coupling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is essential to maintain bone homeostasis. Deregulation of this process leads to loss and deterioration of the bone tissue causing diseases, such as osteoporosis. MicroRNAs are able to control bone-related mechanisms and have been explored as therapeutic tools. In this study, we investigated the potential of miR-99a-5p to modulate osteogenic differentiation, osteoclastogenesis, and the osteoblasts-osteoclasts crosstalk. METHODS To achieve this goal, human primary Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSC) were differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes, and miR-99a-5p expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Knockdown and overexpression experiments were conducted to modulate miR-99a-5p expression in MC3T3 cells. Cell proliferation and cell death/apoptosis were evaluated by resazurin assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Proteomic analysis was used to identify the miR-99a-5p regulatory network, and ELISA to evaluate OPG levels in the cell culture supernatant. Conditioned media from MC3T3-transfected cells was used to culture RAW 264.7 cells and the effect on osteoclast differentiation was assessed. Human primary monocytes were isolated to induce osteoclastogenesis and evaluate miR-99a-5p expression. Finally, levels of miR-99a-5p were modulated in RAW 264.7 cells to understand the impact on osteoclastogenesis. RESULTS The results show that miR-99a-5p is significantly downregulated during the early stages of human primary MSCs osteogenic differentiation and during MC3T3 osteogenic differentiation. On the other hand, miR-99a-5p levels are increased during the initial stages of adipogenic differentiation. Inhibition of miR-99a-5p in MC3T3 pre-osteoblastic cells promoted osteogenic differentiation, whereas its overexpression suppressed the levels of osteogenic specific genes (Runx2 and Alpl), as well as mineralization, with no effect on proliferation or apoptosis. Proteomic analysis of miR-99a-5p-transfected cells showed that numerous proteins known to be involved in cell differentiation were altered, including osteogenic differentiation markers and extracellular matrix proteins. While inhibition of miR-99a-5p increased the Tnfrsf11b (OPG encoding gene)/Tnfsf11 (RANKL encoding gene) mRNA expression ratio, in addition to increasing OPG secretion, miR-99a-5p overexpression resulted in the opposite effect. The cell culture supernatant of miR-99a-5p-inhibited MC3T3 cells impaired the osteoclastogenic potential of RAW 264.7 cells by decreasing the number of multinucleated cells and reducing the expression of osteoclastogenic markers. Interestingly, miR-99a-5p expression is increased during osteoclasts differentiation, both in human primary monocytes and RAW 264.7. These results show that miR-99a-5p per se is a positive regulator of osteoclastogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Globally, our findings show that miR-99a-5p inhibition promotes the commitment into osteogenic differentiation, impairs osteoclastogenic differentiation, and control bone cells communication. Ultimately, it supports miR-99a-5p as a target candidate for future miRNA-based therapies for bone diseases associated with bone remodeling deregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Reis Moura
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joao Paulo Bras
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jaime Freitas
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Ipatimup - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; FMUP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mario Adolfo Barbosa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Gomes Santos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Ines Almeida
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu S, Huang M, Chen Z, Chen J, Chao Q, Yin X, Quan M. FTO promotes cell proliferation and migration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through up-regulation of MMP13. Exp Cell Res 2020; 389:111894. [PMID: 32035950 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
FTO, a demethylase for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, has been implicated in multiple tumors. However, its roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain uncovered. This study aims to evaluate the clinical relevance and functional roles in this disease. Through immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses, we found FTO expression in ESCC tissues was stronger than that in adjacent normal tissues, and the survival curves displayed high FTO expression had a trend toward poor prognosis. Functionally, silencing of FTO inhibited ESCC cell growth and migration in CCK8, EdU, colony formation and transwell assays and FTO overexpression showed the opposite results. Furthermore, FTO was also required for the tumorigenicity of ESCC cells in nude mice. The data from RNA-seq analysis revealed that MMP13 expression was significantly affected by FTO knockdown. qRT-PCR and Western blot assays confirmed that MMP13 was positively regulated by FTO in both mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, the functional link between FTO and MMP13 was explored by CCK8 and transwell chamber approaches. These findings suggest that FTO is up-regulated and plays oncogenic roles in ESCC. MMP13 may function as a downstream target of FTO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenxiang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital/the Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangsu, 224001, China
| | - Zhiqin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jingde Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qian Chao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xudong Yin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Ming Quan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang X, Yin Z, Zhao Y, He M, Dong C, Zhong M. Identifying potential prognostic biomarkers in head and neck cancer based on the analysis of microRNA expression profiles in TCGA database. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1647-1657. [PMID: 32016476 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify sensitive, specific and independent prognostic biomarkers in head and neck cancer (HNC) based on microRNA expression profiles and other high‑throughput sequencing data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Identification of such prognostic biomarkers could provide insight into HNC diagnosis and treatment. The differential expression profiles of microRNAs between HNC tissues and adjacent cancer tissues in the TCGA database were analyzed (log fold‑change >2; P<0.01). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of the differentially expressed microRNAs were performed to determine those significantly related to the survival of patients with HNC. The identified microRNAs were verified by survival and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. To better predict prognosis, a combined prognostic model (risk equation) was established based on the risk coefficient of each microRNA, calculated by a multivariate Cox regression analysis, and the risk score was calculated. To explore the signaling pathways related to prognosis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were performed on the differentially expressed genes between the high‑risk and low‑risk groups, grouped according to the median risk score. A total of 89 differentially expressed microRNAs between HNC and adjacent cancer tissues were screened, 11 of which were identified as risk factors related to HNC survival by the univariate Cox regression analysis (P<0.05). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that three of the 11 microRNAs, hsa‑miR‑99a, hsa‑miR‑499a and hsa‑miR‑1911 (all P<0.01), were identified as independent risk factors significantly related to patient survival. The risk equation used was as follows: Risk score=(‑0.1597 x hsa‑miR‑99a) + (0.1871 x hsa‑miR‑499a) + (0.1033 x hsa‑miR‑1911). KEGG and GO analyses showed that the JAK‑STAT signaling pathway and some metabolic pathways were associated with HNC prognosis. The present study suggested that hsa‑miR‑99a, hsa‑miR‑499a and hsa‑miR‑1911 may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in HNC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| | - Zeli Yin
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Chengyong Dong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Oral Histopathology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110002, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Value of Non-Coding RNA Expression Profiles in Renal Transplantation. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10020060. [PMID: 31978997 PMCID: PMC7168890 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
End-stage renal disease is a public health problem responsible for millions of deaths worldwide each year. Although transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients in need of renal replacement therapy, long-term allograft survival remains challenging. Advances in high-throughput methods for large-scale molecular data generation and computational analysis are promising to overcome the current limitations posed by conventional diagnostic and disease classifications post-transplantation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that, despite lacking protein-coding potential, are essential in the regulation of epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms involved in both health and disease. A large body of evidence suggests that ncRNAs can act as biomarkers of renal injury and graft loss after transplantation. Hence, the focus of this review is to discuss the existing molecular signatures of non-coding transcripts and their value to improve diagnosis, predict the risk of rejection, and guide therapeutic choices post-transplantation.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhu P, Liu J, Lu M, Wu G, Lin X, Cai L, Zhang X. Influence and mechanism of miR-99a suppressing development of colorectal cancer (CRC) with diabetes mellitus (DM). Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10311-10321. [PMID: 31819515 PMCID: PMC6885593 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s190998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the changes of miRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM) (CRC + DM) tissues and their potential effects. METHODS The changes of miRNAs in CRC + DM tissues were determined by miRNA microarray. The expression levels of miR-99a in 40 clinical specimens and 6 CRC cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR. The capacity for miR-99a to induce cell proliferation and invasion was examined with miR-99a-overexpressing HCT-116 cells. The relative mTOR mRNA and protein levels were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively, in HCT-116 cells transfected with miR-99a. The dual luciferase assay was performed to confirm the direct regulation of miR-99a on mTOR 3'-UTR. The HCT-116 cells were treated with 100 mg/L advanced glycation end products (AGEs); then, the mTOR expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Seventeen miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed among normal tissue, CRC tissue, and CRC with DM tissue, including 15 upregulated and 2 downregulated with fold changs of more than 2 times. qRT-PCR confirmed that miR-99a was downregulated in CRC and CRC + DM tissues. In addition, miR-99a overexpression remarkably impaired CRC cell proliferation and metastasis, and negatively regulated mTOR signaling through direct binding to the 3'-UTR of mTOR. AGEs could suppress miR-99a and stimulate mTOR signaling in CRC cells. Increased mTOR was also identified in CRC with DM tissues. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that miR-99a is a potential marker and therapeutic target of CRC complicated with DM, and that AGEs impair miR-99a-overactivated mTOR signaling in CRC with DM patients, which promotes CRC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peixuan Zhu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Cancer Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Lu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gongfa Wu
- Department of Pathology, Zengcheng District People’s Hospital of Guangzhou City, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xutao Lin
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longmei Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang J, Lo UG, Wu S, Wang B, Pong RC, Lai CH, Lin H, He D, Hsieh JT, Wu K. The roles and mechanism of IFIT5 in bladder cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition and progression. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:437. [PMID: 31164632 PMCID: PMC6547745 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1669-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of bladder cancer (BCa) depends on several key factors including anatomical site, tumor grade, and stage. In general, muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is associated with higher incidence of distant metastasis compared with Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Treatment outcome of the patients with metastatic BCa has been very poor with ~15% of overall survival rate. Thus, it is apparently important to understand the underlying biology for metastatic progression of BCa. Although epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has long been implicated in BCa metastasis and treatment resistance, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we have identified that the expression of interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 5 (IFIT5) is positively correlated with pathological characteristics, and predicts a poor prognosis of BCa patients. Since the function of IFIT5 in BCa has not yet been characterized, we demonstrate that IFIT5 can induce EMT, promote cell migration and invasion, and increase the expression of ICAM1 in BCa via down-regulation of mature miR-99a. Moreover, ICAM1 is shown as a direct target of miR-99a. Overall, we conclude that IFIT5 is a new oncogene in BCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - U-Ging Lo
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shiqi Wu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Rey-Chen Pong
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. .,Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Kaijie Wu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li Y, Sun W, Han N, Zou Y, Yin D. Curcumin inhibits proliferation, migration, invasion and promotes apoptosis of retinoblastoma cell lines through modulation of miR-99a and JAK/STAT pathway. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1230. [PMID: 30526546 PMCID: PMC6288931 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin, a primary active ingredient extracted from the Curcuma longa, has been recently identified as a potential anti-tumor agent in multiple kinds of cancers. However, the effect of curcumin on retinoblastoma (Rb) is still unclear. Therefore, we attempted to reveal the functional impacts and the underlying mechanisms of curcumin in Rb cells. METHODS Two Rb cell lines SO-Rb50 and Y79 were pre-treated with various doses of curcumin, and then cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were assessed, respectively. Further, regulatory effects of curcumin on miR-99a expression, as well as the activation of JAK/STAT pathway were studied. RESULTS Data showed that curcumin significantly inhibited the viability, colony formation capacity, migration and invasion, while induced apoptosis of SO-Rb50 and Y79 cells. Up-regulation of miR-99a was observed in curcumin-treated cells. Curcumin suppressed the phosphorylation levels of JAK1, STAT1, and STAT3, while curcumin did not inhibit the activation of JAK/STAT pathway when miR-99a was knocked down. CONCLUSION Curcumin inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion, but promoted apoptosis of Rb cells. The anti-tumor activities of curcumin on Rb cells appeared to be via up-regulation of miR-99a, and thereby inhibition of JAK/STAT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041 China
| | - Weixuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033 China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041 China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130041 China
| | - Dexin Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No.126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130033 China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Geng Y, Sui C, Xun Y, Lai Q, Jin L. MiRNA-99a can regulate proliferation and apoptosis of human granulosa cells via targeting IGF-1R in polycystic ovary syndrome. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 36:211-221. [PMID: 30374732 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the regulation of miR-99a to the biological functions of granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) via targeting IGF-1R. METHODS We collected aspirated follicular fluid in both patients with and without PCOS. Granulosa cells (GCs) were isolated through Percoll differential centrifugation to detect both miR-99a and IGF-1R expressions. We further transfected COV434 cells with miR-99a mimics to establish a miRNA-99a (miR-99a) overexpression model. We explored the regulation of miR-99a to the proliferation and apoptosis of human GCs via IGF-1R in COV434. The effect of different insulin concentrations on miR-99a expression was also evaluated. RESULTS MiR-99a was significantly downregulated while IGF-1R was upregulated in patients with PCOS. MiR-99a can regulate IGF-1R on a post-transcriptional level. After transfection of miR-99a mimics, the proliferation rate was decreased and apoptosis rate was increased significantly in COV434. Exogenous insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) treatment could reverse the effect of miR-99a. MiR-99a was negatively and dose-dependently regulated by insulin in vitro. CONCLUSIONS MiR-99a expression was downregulated in patients with PCOS, the degree of which may be closely related to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. MiR-99a could attenuate proliferation and promote apoptosis of human GCs through targeting IGF-1R, which could partly explain the abnormal folliculogenesis in PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Geng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Sui
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaohong Lai
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Jin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhou X, Tao H. Overexpression of microRNA-936 suppresses non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion via targeting E2F2. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2696-2702. [PMID: 30210611 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-936 has been reported to inhibit the cell cycle and glioma cell proliferation. However, the roles of miR-936 in other human tumors remain largely unknown. In the present study, it was indicated that miR-936 was significantly downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results also indicated that miR-936 was downregulated in NSCLC cell lines compared with 16HBE cells. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that overexpression of miR-936 significantly inhibited the proliferation, cell cycle progression and invasion of NSCLC cells. Notably, E2F2 was identified as a target gene of miR-936 in NSCLC cells. The results indicated that E2F2 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and its expression was negatively correlated with that of miR-936 in NSCLC tissues. Overexpression of miR-936 significantly reduced the protein expression levels of E2F2 in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, restoration of E2F2 rescued the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells transfected with miR-936 mimics. To the best of our knowledge, the present findings demonstrated for the first time that miR-936 suppressed NSCLC progression by directly targeting E2F2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen YT, Yao JN, Qin YT, Hu K, Wu F, Fang YY. Biological role and clinical value of miR-99a-5p in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): A bioinformatics-based study. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1280-1298. [PMID: 30087832 PMCID: PMC6070648 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are confirmed to be tumor promoters or suppressors in multiple squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). miR‐99a‐5p has been demonstrated to be downregulated in cancerous tissues, but its functional role in head and neck SCC (HNSCC) and its mechanism of action have not been fully elucidated. Here, we studied the expression of miR‐99a‐5p in HNSCC and performed a clinical value assessment and then extracted mature expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and microarrays from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Furthermore, biological analysis was constructed via online prediction tools. The results revealed that miR‐99a‐5p expression was markedly lower in HNSCC tissues than in normal tissues, which also showed significance in the prognosis of HNSCC. However, its diagnostic value could not be verified due to the lack of body fluid samples. Additionally, miR‐99a‐5p was expressed at higher levels in patients with low histological grade neoplasms than those with high histological grade neoplasms. The age of the patient might also be a possible clinical parameter affecting miR‐99a‐5p expression. Furthermore, miR‐99a‐5p significantly influenced HNSCC progression by regulating the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway, in which the key target genes were upregulated in 519 HNSCC tissues compared to 44 normal tissues, as determined by the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). In conclusion, our study may provide insights into the expression and mechanism of miR‐99a‐5p in HNSCC. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of miR‐99a‐5p and its potential clinical applications for HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chen
- Department of Pathology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Jian-Ni Yao
- Department of Pathology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Yu-Tao Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Ye-Ying Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center of Guangxi First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu W, Xu Y, Guan H, Meng H. Clinical potential of miR-940 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in breast cancer patients. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:487-493. [PMID: 29843213 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-171124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
| | - Yongmei Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
| | - Hongliang Guan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
| | - Hongwei Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze 274300, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Effects of miR-99a on the migration and proliferation of glioma cells. REV ROMANA MED LAB 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/rrlm-2018-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effects of miR-99a on the migration and proliferation of glioma cells. Materials and Methods: Glioma cell line LN229 with stable up-regulation of miR-99a was constructed by transfection of hsa-miR-99a mimics, and cells with stable miR-99a knock-down were established by transfection of hsa-miR-99a inhibitor. The proliferation capacities of two groups were detected by the MTT assay, and their migration capacities were detected by the scratch assay. Results: LN229 cells with stable up-regulation and knock-down of miR-99a were successfully constructed. Up-regulating miR-99a inhibited the proliferation and migration of glioma cells, but knocking down this gene promoted their proliferation and migration. Conclusion: MiR-99a significantly affected the proliferation and migration of glioma cells, as a potentially eligible target for glioma therapy.
Collapse
|
26
|
In silico identification of microRNAs predicted to regulate N-myristoyltransferase and Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 functions in cancer and infectious diseases. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194612. [PMID: 29579063 PMCID: PMC5868815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein myristoylation is a key protein modification carried out by N-Myristoyltransferase (NMT) after Methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2) removes methionine from the amino-terminus of the target protein. Protein myristoylation by NMT augments several signaling pathways involved in a myriad of cellular processes, including developmental pathways and pathways that when dysregulated lead to cancer or immune dysfunction. The emerging evidence pointing to NMT-mediated myristoylation as a major cellular regulator underscores the importance of understanding the framework of this type of signaling event. Various studies have investigated the role that myristoylation plays in signaling dysfunction by examining differential gene or protein expression between normal and diseased states, such as cancers or following HIV-1 infection, however no study exists that addresses the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulation of myristoylation. By performing a large scale bioinformatics and functional analysis of the miRNAs that target key genes involved in myristoylation (NMT1, NMT2, MetAP2), we have narrowed down a list of promising candidates for further analysis. Our condensed panel of miRNAs identifies 35 miRNAs linked to cancer, 21 miRNAs linked to developmental and immune signaling pathways, and 14 miRNAs linked to infectious disease (primarily HIV). The miRNAs panel that was analyzed revealed several NMT-targeting mRNAs (messenger RNA) that are implicated in diseases associated with NMT signaling alteration, providing a link between the realms of miRNA and myristoylation signaling. These findings verify miRNA as an additional facet of myristoylation signaling that must be considered to gain a full perspective. This study provides the groundwork for future studies concerning NMT-transcript-binding miRNAs, and will potentially lead to the development of new diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for several important diseases.
Collapse
|