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Mathes TG, Monirizad M, Ermis M, de Barros NR, Rodriguez M, Kraatz HB, Jucaud V, Khademhosseini A, Falcone N. Effects of amyloid-β-mimicking peptide hydrogel matrix on neuronal progenitor cell phenotype. Acta Biomater 2024; 183:89-100. [PMID: 38801867 PMCID: PMC11239292 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembling peptide-based hydrogels have become a highly attractive scaffold for three-dimensional (3D) in vitro disease modeling as they provide a way to create tunable matrices that can resemble the extracellular matrix (ECM) of various microenvironments. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an exceptionally complex neurodegenerative condition; however, our understanding has advanced due to the transition from two-dimensional (2D) to 3D in vitro modeling. Nonetheless, there is a current gap in knowledge regarding the role of amyloid structures, and previously developed models found long-term difficulty in creating an appropriate model involving the ECM and amyloid aggregates. In this report, we propose a multi-component self-assembling peptide-based hydrogel scaffold to mimic the amyloid-beta (β) containing microenvironment. Characterization of the amyloid-β-mimicking hydrogel (Col-HAMA-FF) reveals the formation of β-sheet structures as a result of the self-assembling properties of phenylalanine (Phe, F) through π-π stacking of the residues, thus mimicking the amyloid-β protein nanostructures. We investigated the effect of the amyloid-β-mimicking microenvironment on healthy neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) compared to a natural-mimicking matrix (Col-HAMA). Our results demonstrated higher levels of neuroinflammation and apoptosis markers when NPCs were cultured in the amyloid-like matrix compared to a natural brain matrix. Here, we provided insights into the impact of amyloid-like structures on NPC phenotypes and behaviors. This foundational work, before progressing to more complex plaque models, provides a promising scaffold for future investigations on AD mechanisms and drug testing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we engineered two multi-component hydrogels: one to mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain and one to resemble an amyloid-like microenvironment using a self-assembling peptide hydrogel. The self-assembling peptide mimics β-amyloid fibrils seen in amyloid-β protein aggregates. We report on the culture of neuronal progenitor cells within the amyloid-mimicking ECM scaffold to study the impact through marker expressions related to inflammation and DNA damage. This foundational work, before progressing to more complex plaque models, offers a promising scaffold for future investigations on AD mechanisms and drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Grett Mathes
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mahsa Monirizad
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Menekse Ermis
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, USA; BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Natan Roberto de Barros
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marco Rodriguez
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2E4, Canada; Department of Physical and Environmental Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Vadim Jucaud
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Natashya Falcone
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Ding F, Li J, Li L, Xu Z, Zhao Y. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuate amyloid-beta-induced toxicity in AD transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans via promotion of proteasomal activity and activation of PPAR-gamma. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 127:109603. [PMID: 38373507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive cognitive decline. A major pathological characteristic of AD brain is the presence of senile plaques composed of β-amyloid (Aβ), the accumulation of which induces toxic cascades leading to synaptic dysfunction, neuronal apoptosis, and eventually cognitive decline. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are beneficial for patients with early-stage AD; however, the mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of n-3 PUFAs on Aβ-induced toxicity in a transgenic AD Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. The results showed that EPA and DHA significantly inhibited Aβ-induced paralytic phenotype and decreased the production of reactive oxygen species while reducing the levels of Aβ in the AD worms. Further studies revealed that EPA and DHA might reduce the accumulation of Aβ by restoring the activity of proteasome. Moreover, treating worms with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ inhibitor GW9662 prevented the inhibitory effects of n-3 PUFAs on Aβ-induced paralytic phenotype and diminished the elevation of proteasomal activity by n-3 PUFAs, suggesting that PPARγ-mediated signals play important role in the protective effects of n-3 PUFAs against Aβ-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Huanying Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Lianyu Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, China.
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Kang SH, Choi Y, Chung SJ, Kim CK, Kim JH, Oh K, Yoon JS, Cho GJ, Koh SB. Independent effect of cardiometabolic syndromes and depression on dementia in Parkinson's disease: A 12-year longitudinal follow-up study of a nationwide cohort. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:911-919. [PMID: 36692249 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the incidence rate of Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) according to age and disease duration by sex. Furthermore, we explored the effect of each cardiometabolic syndrome and depression on the incidence of PDD. METHODS Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, 79,622 patients with de novo Parkinson's disease (PD) aged ≥40 years between January 2002 and December 2010 were followed to December 2019. We analyzed the incidence of PDD according to age at PD diagnosis and disease duration. To determine cardiometabolic syndromes and depression that affected PDD, we used Fine and Gray competing regression after controlling for age and sex. RESULTS During the 12.5-year follow-up period, the incidence of PDD increased with age at PD diagnosis (0.81-45.31 per 1000 person-years among those aged 40-44 and over 80 years, respectively) and longer disease duration (22.68 per 1000 person-years in 1-2 years to 34.16 per 1000 person-years in 15-16 years). Hypertension (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] = 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-1.16), diabetes (SHR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.05-1.14), dyslipidemia (SHR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.11-1.20), and depression (SHR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.30-1.41) independently increased the risk for PDD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insights into cardiometabolic syndromes as modifiable risk factors for incident PDD. Furthermore, our results will help in designing public health policies with respect to controlling cardiometabolic syndromes and depression to prevent incident PDD in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Kang
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunjin Choi
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Chung
- Department of Neurology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Chi Kyung Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungmi Oh
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Shik Yoon
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geum Joon Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Koh
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Marquié M, García-Gutiérrez F, Orellana A, Montrreal L, de Rojas I, García-González P, Puerta R, Olivé C, Cano A, Hernández I, Rosende-Roca M, Vargas L, Tartari JP, Esteban-De Antonio E, Bojaryn U, Ricciardi M, Ariton DM, Pytel V, Alegret M, Ortega G, Espinosa A, Pérez-Cordón A, Sanabria Á, Muñoz N, Lleonart N, Aguilera N, García-Sánchez A, Alarcón-Martín E, Tárraga L, Ruiz A, Boada M, Valero S. The Synergic Effect of AT(N) Profiles and Depression on the Risk of Conversion to Dementia in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1371. [PMID: 36674881 PMCID: PMC9865785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have addressed the impact of the association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers and NPSs in the conversion to dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and no studies have been conducted on the interaction effect of these two risk factors. AT(N) profiles were created using AD-core biomarkers quantified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (normal, brain amyloidosis, suspected non-Alzheimer pathology (SNAP) and prodromal AD). NPSs were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). A total of 500 individuals with MCI were followed-up yearly in a memory unit. Cox regression analysis was used to determine risk of conversion, considering additive and multiplicative interactions between AT(N) profile and NPSs on the conversion to dementia. A total of 224 participants (44.8%) converted to dementia during the 2-year follow-up study. Pathologic AT(N) groups (brain amyloidosis, prodromal AD and SNAP) and the presence of depression and apathy were associated with a higher risk of conversion to dementia. The additive combination of the AT(N) profile with depression exacerbates the risk of conversion to dementia. A synergic effect of prodromal AD profile with depressive symptoms is evidenced, identifying the most exposed individuals to conversion among MCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marquié
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando García-Gutiérrez
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Montrreal
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo García-González
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Puerta
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clàudia Olivé
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amanda Cano
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Hernández
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maitée Rosende-Roca
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Liliana Vargas
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Tartari
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Esteban-De Antonio
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Urszula Bojaryn
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mario Ricciardi
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana M. Ariton
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanesa Pytel
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Alegret
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Ortega
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Pérez-Cordón
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángela Sanabria
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nathalia Muñoz
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Lleonart
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Aguilera
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainhoa García-Sánchez
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Alarcón-Martín
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Tárraga
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Valero
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Spampinato MV, Ulber JL, Fayyaz H, Sullivan A, Collins HR. Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and In Vivo Alzheimer's Biomarkers in Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1827-1836. [PMID: 38007644 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) carry an increased risk of progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is a need to understand how to integrate NPS into the paradigm outlined in the 2018 NIA-AA Research Framework. OBJECTIVE To evaluate a prediction model of MCI-AD progression using a collection of variables, including NPS, cognitive testing, apolipoprotein E4 status (APOE4), imaging and laboratory AD biomarkers. METHODS Of 300 elderly subjects, 219 had stable MCI and 81 MCI-AD progression over a 5-year follow-up. NPS were measured using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). A multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Analysis assessed the effects of APOE4, baseline NPI, baseline CSF amyloid-β, phosphorylated and total tau, baseline AD-signature MRI biomarker, baseline memory and executive function on MCI-AD progression. RESULTS 27% progressed to dementia (median follow-up = 43 months). NPS were found in stable MCI (62.6%) and MCI-AD converters (70.3%). The Cox model exhibited a good fit (p < 0.001), and NPS (HR = 1.033, p = 0.027), phosphorylated tau (HR = 1.011, p = 0.025), total tau (HR = 1.005, p = 0.024), AD-signature MRI biomarker (HR = 0.111, p = 0.002), executive function (HR = 0.727, p = 0.045), and memory performance (HR = 0.387, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with dementia. CONCLUSIONS NPS may inform dementia risk assessment in conjunction with cognitive testing and imaging and laboratory AD biomarkers. NPS is independently associated with the risk of MCI-dementia progression, over and beyond the contributions of CSF biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Spampinato
- Radiology and Radiological Science Department, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jenny L Ulber
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Habiba Fayyaz
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Allison Sullivan
- College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Heather R Collins
- Radiology and Radiological Science Department, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Low Serum Vitamin D Status Is Associated with Incident Alzheimer's Dementia in the Oldest Old. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010061. [PMID: 36615719 PMCID: PMC9824107 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Vitamins A, D and E and beta-carotene may have a protective function for cognitive health, due to their antioxidant capacities. Methods. We analyzed data from 1334 non-demented participants (mean age 84 years) from the AgeCoDe study, a prospective multicenter-cohort of elderly general-practitioner patients in Germany, of whom n = 250 developed all-cause dementia and n = 209 developed Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) during 7 years of follow-up. We examined whether concentrations of vitamins A (retinol), D (25-hydroxycholecalciferol) and E (alpha-tocopherol) and beta-carotene, would be associated with incident (AD) dementia. Results. In our sample, 33.7% had optimum vitamin D concentrations (≥50 nmol/L). Higher concentrations of vitamin D were associated with lower incidence of all-cause dementia and AD (HR 0.99 (95%CI 0.98; 0.99); HR0.99 (95%CI 0.98; 0.99), respectively). In particular, subjects with vitamin D deficiency (25.3%, <25 nmol/L) were at increased risk for all-cause dementia and AD (HR1.91 (95%CI 1.30; 2.81); HR2.28 (95%CI 1.47; 3.53), respectively). Vitamins A and E and beta-carotene were unrelated to (AD) dementia. Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency increased the risk to develop (AD) dementia. Our study supports the advice for monitoring vitamin D status in the elderly and vitamin D supplementation in those with vitamin D deficiency. We observed no relationships between the other vitamins with incident (AD) dementia, which is in line with previous observational studies.
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Prediction of Cognitive Decline by Behavioral Symptoms in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/ijpbs-126596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Neuropsychiatric disorders are described by their neurological, behavioral, and cognitive symptoms. However, behavioral symptoms may often be overlooked due to the current approach in neurology. Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between behavioral symptoms and cognitive functioning in neurological disorders. The second aim was to predict neurocognitive patterns by behavioral symptoms as independent variables. Methods: Behavioral symptoms were collected based on semi-structured neuropsychiatric interviews with 211 patients admitted to the neuropsychiatry department of Ayatollah Kashani hospital in Isfahan by both a neuropsychiatry fellow and an attending neuropsychiatrist. A neuropsychiatry fellow assessed all patients using the neuropsychiatry unit cognitive (NUCog) assessment tool. We used a generalized linear model (GLM) to indicate the effect of behavioral symptoms on the risk of decline in cognitive domains. Due to the use of all available samples, this study had no age limit, and the patients were 15 to 92 years old. Results: The regression coefficient of NUCog subscale scores for behavioral symptoms using GLM revealed that education level had a positive relationship with the scores of attention (P < 0.001), visuoconstruction (P < 0.001), memory (P < 0.001), executive function (P < 0.001), language (P < 0.001), and the total score of NUCog (P < 0.001). Patients with apathy had lower scores on the memory subscale (P = 0.002) and total NUCog (P = 0.021). Similarly, patients with delusion had lower scores on memory (P = 0.006) and executive function (P = 0.026). There was a negative relationship between agitation and attention (P = 0.049), visuoconstruction (P = 0.015), memory (P = 0.018), executive function (P = 0.005), and total score of NUCog (P = 0.007). Sleep disturbances were accompanied by lower memory scores (P = 0.056) and lower mean NUCog scores (P = 0.052). Visual hallucination was associated with declined performance in attention (P = 0.057). Conclusions: Behavioral assessment can help predict cognitive patterns in patients with neurobehavioral syndromes.
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Buendía D, Guncay T, Oyanedel M, Lemus M, Weinstein A, Ardiles ÁO, Marcos J, Fernandes A, Zângaro R, Muñoz P. The Transcranial Light Therapy Improves Synaptic Plasticity in the Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12101272. [PMID: 36291206 PMCID: PMC9599908 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia worldwide. Emerging non-invasive treatments such as photobiomodulation target the mitochondria to minimize brain damage, improving cognitive functions. In this work, an experimental design was carried out to evaluate the effect of transcranial light therapy (TLTC) on synaptic plasticity (SP) and cognitive functions in an AD animal model. Twenty-three mice were separated into two general groups: an APP/PS1 (ALZ) transgenic group and a wild-type (WT) group. Each group was randomly subdivided into two subgroups: mice with and without TLTC, depending on whether they would undergo treatment with TLTC. Cognitive function, measured through an object recognition task, showed non-significant improvement after TLTC. SP, on the other hand, was evaluated using four electrophysiological parameters from the Schaffer-CA1 collateral hippocampal synapses: excitatory field potentials (fEPSP), paired pulse facilitation (PPF), long-term depression (LTD), and long-term potentiation (LTP). An improvement was observed in subjects treated with TLTC, showing higher levels of LTP than those transgenic mice that were not exposed to the treatment. Therefore, the results obtained in this work showed that TLTC could be an efficient non-invasive treatment for AD-associated SP deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Buendía
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi—UAM, Rua Casa do Ator, 294, Sao Paulo 04546-001, Brazil
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Centro de Inovação, Tecnología e Educação—CITÉ, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estrada Dr. Altino Bondesan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Guncay
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Macarena Oyanedel
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile
| | - Makarena Lemus
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile
| | - Alejandro Weinstein
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil Biomédica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Valparaíso, General Cruz 222, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile
| | - Álvaro O. Ardiles
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Viña del Mar 2540064, Chile
| | - José Marcos
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas y Veterinarias, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile
| | - Adriana Fernandes
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi—UAM, Rua Casa do Ator, 294, Sao Paulo 04546-001, Brazil
- Centro de Inovação, Tecnología e Educação—CITÉ, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estrada Dr. Altino Bondesan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
| | - Renato Zângaro
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi—UAM, Rua Casa do Ator, 294, Sao Paulo 04546-001, Brazil
- Centro de Inovação, Tecnología e Educação—CITÉ, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estrada Dr. Altino Bondesan 500, São José dos Campos 12247-016, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (P.M.); Tel.: +55-12-997830843 (R.Z.); +56-969028160 (P.M.)
| | - Pablo Muñoz
- Centro de Neurología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Viña del Mar 2540064, Chile
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Viña del Mar 2540064, Chile
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (P.M.); Tel.: +55-12-997830843 (R.Z.); +56-969028160 (P.M.)
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9
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Li K, Zeng Q, Luo X, Qi S, Xu X, Fu Z, Hong L, Liu X, Li Z, Fu Y, Chen Y, Liu Z, Calhoun VD, Huang P, Zhang M. Neuropsychiatric symptoms associated multimodal brain networks in Alzheimer's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:119-130. [PMID: 35993678 PMCID: PMC9783460 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Concomitant neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are associated with accelerated Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Identifying multimodal brain imaging patterns associated with NPS may help understand pathophysiology correlates AD. Based on the AD continuum, a supervised learning strategy was used to guide four-way multimodal neuroimaging fusion (Amyloid, Tau, gray matter volume, brain function) by using NPS total score as the reference. Loadings of the identified multimodal patterns were compared across the AD continuum. Then, regression analyses were performed to investigate its predictability of longitudinal cognition performance. Furthermore, the fusion analysis was repeated in the four NPS subsyndromes. Here, an NPS-associated pathological-structural-functional covaried pattern was observed in the frontal-subcortical limbic circuit, occipital, and sensor-motor region. Loading of this multimodal pattern showed a progressive increase with the development of AD. The pattern significantly correlates with multiple cognitive domains and could also predict longitudinal cognitive decline. Notably, repeated fusion analysis using subsyndromes as references identified similar patterns with some unique variations associated with different syndromes. Conclusively, NPS was associated with a multimodal imaging pattern involving complex neuropathologies, which could effectively predict longitudinal cognitive decline. These results highlight the possible neural substrate of NPS in AD, which may provide guidance for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Li
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina,Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Qingze Zeng
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Shile Qi
- Department of Computer Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjingChina
| | - Xiaopei Xu
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zening Fu
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Luwei Hong
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaocao Liu
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zheyu Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yanv Fu
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yanxing Chen
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri‐Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of Technology, and Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA,Department of Psychology, Computer Science, Neuroscience Institute, and PhysicsGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA,Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of RadiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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10
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Nichols E, Steinmetz JD, Vollset SE, Fukutaki K, Chalek J, Abd-Allah F, Abdoli A, Abualhasan A, Abu-Gharbieh E, Akram TT, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Alanezi FM, Alipour V, Almustanyir S, Amu H, Ansari I, Arabloo J, Ashraf T, Astell-Burt T, Ayano G, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Baig AA, Barnett A, Barrow A, Baune BT, Béjot Y, Bezabhe WMM, Bezabih YM, Bhagavathula AS, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bijani A, Biswas A, Bolla SR, Boloor A, Brayne C, Brenner H, Burkart K, Burns RA, Cámera LA, Cao C, Carvalho F, Castro-de-Araujo LFS, Catalá-López F, Cerin E, Chavan PP, Cherbuin N, Chu DT, Costa VM, Couto RAS, Dadras O, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, De la Cruz-Góngora V, Dhamnetiya D, Dias da Silva D, Diaz D, Douiri A, Edvardsson D, Ekholuenetale M, El Sayed I, El-Jaafary SI, Eskandari K, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilnejad S, Fares J, Faro A, Farooque U, Feigin VL, Feng X, Fereshtehnejad SM, Fernandes E, Ferrara P, Filip I, Fillit H, Fischer F, Gaidhane S, Galluzzo L, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gialluisi A, Gilani SA, Glavan IR, Gnedovskaya EV, Golechha M, Gupta R, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haider MR, Hall BJ, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Hankey GJ, Haque S, Hartono RK, Hasaballah AI, Hasan MT, Hassan A, Hay SI, Hayat K, Hegazy MI, Heidari G, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Herteliu C, Househ M, Hussain R, Hwang BF, Iacoviello L, Iavicoli I, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Irvani SSN, Iso H, Iwagami M, Jabbarinejad R, Jacob L, Jain V, Jayapal SK, Jayawardena R, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Kalani R, Kandel A, Kandel H, Karch A, Kasa AS, Kassie GM, Keshavarz P, Khan MAB, Khatib MN, Khoja TAM, Khubchandani J, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kivimäki M, Koroshetz WJ, Koyanagi A, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Lak HM, Leonardi M, Li B, Lim SS, Liu X, Liu Y, Logroscino G, Lorkowski S, Lucchetti G, Lutzky Saute R, Magnani FG, Malik AA, Massano J, Mehndiratta MM, Menezes RG, Meretoja A, Mohajer B, Mohamed Ibrahim N, Mohammad Y, Mohammed A, Mokdad AH, Mondello S, Moni MAA, Moniruzzaman M, Mossie TB, Nagel G, Naveed M, Nayak VC, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen TH, Oancea B, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, Panda-Jonas S, Pashazadeh Kan F, Pasovic M, Patel UK, Pathak M, Peres MFP, Perianayagam A, Peterson CB, Phillips MR, Pinheiro M, Piradov MA, Pond CD, Potashman MH, Pottoo FH, Prada SI, Radfar A, Raggi A, Rahim F, Rahman M, Ram P, Ranasinghe P, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Robinson SR, Romoli M, Roshandel G, Sahathevan R, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sathian B, Sattin D, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schiavolin S, Seylani A, Sha F, Shaikh MA, Shaji KS, Shannawaz M, Shetty JK, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shiri R, Silva DAS, Silva JP, Silva R, Singh JA, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Smith AE, Soshnikov S, Spurlock EE, Stein DJ, Sun J, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Thakur B, Timalsina B, Tovani-Palone MR, Tran BX, Tsegaye GW, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valdez PR, Venketasubramanian N, Vlassov V, Vu GT, Vu LG, Wang YP, Wimo A, Winkler AS, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yamagishi K, Yang L, Yano Y, Yonemoto N, Yu C, Yunusa I, Zadey S, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang ZJ, Murray CJL, Vos T. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Public Health 2022; 7:e105-e125. [PMID: 34998485 PMCID: PMC8810394 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1310] [Impact Index Per Article: 655.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the projected trends in population ageing and population growth, the number of people with dementia is expected to increase. In addition, strong evidence has emerged supporting the importance of potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia. Characterising the distribution and magnitude of anticipated growth is crucial for public health planning and resource prioritisation. This study aimed to improve on previous forecasts of dementia prevalence by producing country-level estimates and incorporating information on selected risk factors. METHODS We forecasted the prevalence of dementia attributable to the three dementia risk factors included in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 (high body-mass index, high fasting plasma glucose, and smoking) from 2019 to 2050, using relative risks and forecasted risk factor prevalence to predict GBD risk-attributable prevalence in 2050 globally and by world region and country. Using linear regression models with education included as an additional predictor, we then forecasted the prevalence of dementia not attributable to GBD risks. To assess the relative contribution of future trends in GBD risk factors, education, population growth, and population ageing, we did a decomposition analysis. FINDINGS We estimated that the number of people with dementia would increase from 57·4 (95% uncertainty interval 50·4-65·1) million cases globally in 2019 to 152·8 (130·8-175·9) million cases in 2050. Despite large increases in the projected number of people living with dementia, age-standardised both-sex prevalence remained stable between 2019 and 2050 (global percentage change of 0·1% [-7·5 to 10·8]). We estimated that there were more women with dementia than men with dementia globally in 2019 (female-to-male ratio of 1·69 [1·64-1·73]), and we expect this pattern to continue to 2050 (female-to-male ratio of 1·67 [1·52-1·85]). There was geographical heterogeneity in the projected increases across countries and regions, with the smallest percentage changes in the number of projected dementia cases in high-income Asia Pacific (53% [41-67]) and western Europe (74% [58-90]), and the largest in north Africa and the Middle East (367% [329-403]) and eastern sub-Saharan Africa (357% [323-395]). Projected increases in cases could largely be attributed to population growth and population ageing, although their relative importance varied by world region, with population growth contributing most to the increases in sub-Saharan Africa and population ageing contributing most to the increases in east Asia. INTERPRETATION Growth in the number of individuals living with dementia underscores the need for public health planning efforts and policy to address the needs of this group. Country-level estimates can be used to inform national planning efforts and decisions. Multifaceted approaches, including scaling up interventions to address modifiable risk factors and investing in research on biological mechanisms, will be key in addressing the expected increases in the number of individuals affected by dementia. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Gates Ventures.
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Alali S, Riazi G, Ashrafi-Kooshk MR, Meknatkhah S, Ahmadian S, Hooshyari Ardakani M, Hosseinkhani B. Cannabidiol Inhibits Tau Aggregation In Vitro. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123521. [PMID: 34944028 PMCID: PMC8700709 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the accumulation of tau protein in the brain. Compelling evidence indicates that the presence of tau aggregates causes irreversible neuronal destruction, eventually leading to synaptic loss. So far, the inhibition of tau aggregation has been recognized as one of the most effective therapeutic strategies. Cannabidiol (CBD), a major component found in Cannabis sativa L., has antioxidant activities as well as numerous neuroprotective features. Therefore, we hypothesize that CBD may serve as a potent substance to hamper tau aggregation in AD. In this study, we aim to investigate the CBD effect on the aggregation of recombinant human tau protein 1N/4R isoform using biochemical methods in vitro and in silico. Using Thioflavin T (ThT) assay, circular dichroism (CD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), we demonstrated that CBD can suppress tau fibrils formation. Moreover, by quenching assay, docking, and job’s plot, we further demonstrated that one molecule of CBD interacts with one molecule of tau protein through a spontaneous binding. Experiments performed by quenching assay, docking, and Thioflavin T assay further established that the main forces are hydrogen Van der Waals and some non-negligible hydrophobic forces, affecting the lag phase of tau protein kinetics. Taken together, this study provides new insights about a natural substance, CBD, for tau therapy which may offer new hope for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Alali
- Laboratory of Neuro-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran; (M.R.A.-K.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Gholamhossein Riazi
- Laboratory of Neuro-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran; (M.R.A.-K.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (G.R.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Ashrafi-Kooshk
- Laboratory of Neuro-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran; (M.R.A.-K.); (S.M.)
| | - Sogol Meknatkhah
- Laboratory of Neuro-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran; (M.R.A.-K.); (S.M.)
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Hooshyari Ardakani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran 1983969411, Iran;
| | - Baharak Hosseinkhani
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium;
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12
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Hellem MNN, Hendel RK, Vinther-Jensen T, Larsen IU, Nielsen TT, Hjermind LE, Budtz-Jørgensen E, Vogel A, Nielsen JE. Endophenotypical drift in Huntington's disease: a 5-year follow-up study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:340. [PMID: 34344392 PMCID: PMC8336065 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is clinically characterized by progressing motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms presenting as varying phenotypes within these three major symptom domains. The disease is caused by an expanded CAG repeat tract in the huntingtin gene and the pathomechanism leading to these endophenotypes is assumed to be neurodegenerative. In 2012/2013 we recruited 107 HD gene expansion carriers (HDGECs) and examined the frequency of the three cardinal symptoms and in 2017/2018 we followed up 74 HDGECs from the same cohort to describe the symptom trajectories and individual drift between the endophenotypes as well as potential predictors of progression and remission. RESULTS We found higher age to reduce the probability of improving on psychiatric symptoms; increasing disease burden score ((CAG-35.5) * age) to increase the risk of developing cognitive impairment; increasing disease burden score and shorter education to increase the risk of motor onset while lower disease burden score and higher Mini Mental State Examination increased the probability of remaining asymptomatic. We found 23.5% (N = 8) to improve from their psychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS There is no clear pattern in the development of or drift between endophenotypes. In contrast to motor and cognitive symptoms we find that psychiatric symptoms may resolve and thereby not entirely be caused by neurodegeneration. The probability of improving from psychiatric symptoms is higher in younger age and advocates for a potential importance of early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie N N Hellem
- The Neurogenetics Clinic, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rebecca K Hendel
- The Neurogenetics Clinic, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tua Vinther-Jensen
- The Neurogenetics Clinic, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Ida U Larsen
- Department of Neurology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
| | - Troels T Nielsen
- The Neurogenetics Clinic, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lena E Hjermind
- The Neurogenetics Clinic, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Esben Budtz-Jørgensen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asmus Vogel
- The Neurogenetics Clinic, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen E Nielsen
- The Neurogenetics Clinic, Danish Dementia Research Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Chen Y, Dang M, Zhang Z. Brain mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of symptom-general and -specific lesion patterns. Mol Neurodegener 2021; 16:38. [PMID: 34099005 PMCID: PMC8186099 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-021-00456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) are common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are associated with accelerated cognitive impairment and earlier deaths. This review aims to explore the neural pathogenesis of NPSs in AD and its association with the progression of AD. We first provide a literature overview on the onset times of NPSs. Different NPSs occur in different disease stages of AD, but most symptoms appear in the preclinical AD or mild cognitive impairment stage and develop progressively. Next, we describe symptom-general and -specific patterns of brain lesions. Generally, the anterior cingulate cortex is a commonly damaged region across all symptoms, and the prefrontal cortex, especially the orbitofrontal cortex, is also a critical region associated with most NPSs. In contrast, the anterior cingulate-subcortical circuit is specifically related to apathy in AD, the frontal-limbic circuit is related to depression, and the amygdala circuit is related to anxiety. Finally, we elucidate the associations between the NPSs and AD by combining the onset time with the neural basis of NPSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Mingxi Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Zhanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
- BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
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14
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Kang SH, Park YH, Kim JP, Kim JS, Kim CH, Jang H, Kim HJ, Koh SB, Na DL, Chin J, Seo SW. Cortical neuroanatomical changes related to specific neuropsychological deficits in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 30:102685. [PMID: 34215155 PMCID: PMC8102616 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Poor performances in neuropsychological tests were associated with cortical atrophy. Neural substrates in Aβ (−) SVCI differed from those in ADCI. Neural substrate of episodic memory was frontal regions in Aβ (−) SVCI. Neural substrates of three neuropsychological tests showed laterality.
Objective Neuropsychological test-specific neural substrates in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI) are expected to differ from those in Alzheimer’s disease-related cognitive impairment (ADCI) but the details are unclear. To determine neural substrates related to cerebral small vessel disease, we investigated the correlations between cognitive dysfunctions measured by standardized neuropsychological tests and cortical thickness in a large sample of participants with amyloid negative (Aβ (−)) SVCI. Methods One hundred ninety-eight participants with Aβ (−) SVCI were recruited from the memory clinic between November 2007 to August 2018. To acquire neural substrates, we performed linear regression using the scores of each neuropsychological test as a predictor, cortical thickness as an outcome, and age, sex, education years, intracranial volume and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) as confounders. Results Poor performances in each neuropsychological test were associated with cortical atrophy in certain brain regions regardless of WMH. Especially, not the medial temporal but the frontal and posterior cingulate regions with cortical atrophy were mainly associated with memory impairment. Poor performance in animal fluency was more likely to be associated with cortical atrophy in the left hemisphere, while poor performance in the visuospatial memory test was more likely to be associated with cortical atrophy in the right hemisphere. Conclusions Our findings suggested that cortical atrophy was an important factor of cognitive impairment in Aβ (−) SVCI regardless of WMH. Furthermore, our findings might give clinicians a better understanding of specific neural substrates of neuropsychological deficits in patients with SVCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hoon Kang
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Hyun Park
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jun Pyo Kim
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Kim
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Chi Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hyemin Jang
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Seong-Beom Koh
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Duk L Na
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea
| | - Juhee Chin
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea.
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, South Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea; Samsung Alzheimer Research Center and Center for Clinical Epidemiology Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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15
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Yang FN, Bronshteyn M, Flowers SA, Dawson M, Kumar P, Rebeck GW, Turner RS, Moore DJ, Ellis RJ, Jiang X. Low CD4+ cell count nadir exacerbates the impacts of APOE ε4 on functional connectivity and memory in adults with HIV. AIDS 2021; 35:727-736. [PMID: 33587445 PMCID: PMC8318747 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nearly half of individuals living with HIV in the USA are now 50 or older. This rapidly ageing populace may be at an increasingly greater risk of Alzheimer's disease. However, the potential interaction between HIV-disease and Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis (i.e. Alzheimer's disease genetic risk factors) on brain function remains an open question. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of APOE ε4 on brain function in middle-aged to older people with HIV (PWH), as well as the putative interaction between ε4 and HIV disease severity. METHODS Ninety-nine PWH participated in a cross-sectional study (56.3 ± 6.5 years, range 41-70 years, 27 women, 26 ε4 carriers and 73 noncarriers). Structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI were collected to assess alterations in brain structure and functional connectivity, respectively. RESULTS APOE ε4 was associated with worse memory performance and reduced functional connectivity in the memory network. The functional connectivity reduction was centred at the caudate nucleus rather than hippocampus and correlated with worse memory performance. In ε4 carriers, low CD4+ cell count nadir was associated with reduced functional connectivity in the memory network, but this association was absent in noncarriers. Furthermore, there was an indirect detrimental impact of ε4 on memory performance through memory network functional connectivity. However, this indirect effect was contingent on CD4+ cell count nadir, that is the indirect effect of ε4 on memory was only significant when CD4+ cell count nadir was low. INTERPRETATION APOE ε4 is associated with reduced memory and reduced functional connectivity within the memory network, and low CD4+ cell count nadir -- indicating a history of severe immunosuppression -- may exacerbate the effects of ε4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nils Yang
- Departments of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Margarita Bronshteyn
- Departments of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Sarah A. Flowers
- Departments of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Matthew Dawson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Princy Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - G. William Rebeck
- Departments of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - R. Scott Turner
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - David J. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ronald J. Ellis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xiong Jiang
- Departments of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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16
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McGrowder DA, Miller F, Vaz K, Nwokocha C, Wilson-Clarke C, Anderson-Cross M, Brown J, Anderson-Jackson L, Williams L, Latore L, Thompson R, Alexander-Lindo R. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. Brain Sci 2021; 11:215. [PMID: 33578866 PMCID: PMC7916561 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive, clinically heterogeneous, and particularly complex neurodegenerative disease characterized by a decline in cognition. Over the last two decades, there has been significant growth in the investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. This review presents current evidence from many clinical neurochemical studies, with findings that attest to the efficacy of existing core CSF biomarkers such as total tau, phosphorylated tau, and amyloid-β (Aβ42), which diagnose Alzheimer's disease in the early and dementia stages of the disorder. The heterogeneity of the pathophysiology of the late-onset disease warrants the growth of the Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarker toolbox; more biomarkers showing other aspects of the disease mechanism are needed. This review focuses on new biomarkers that track Alzheimer's disease pathology, such as those that assess neuronal injury (VILIP-1 and neurofilament light), neuroinflammation (sTREM2, YKL-40, osteopontin, GFAP, progranulin, and MCP-1), synaptic dysfunction (SNAP-25 and GAP-43), vascular dysregulation (hFABP), as well as CSF α-synuclein levels and TDP-43 pathology. Some of these biomarkers are promising candidates as they are specific and predict future rates of cognitive decline. Findings from the combinations of subclasses of new Alzheimer's disease biomarkers that improve their diagnostic efficacy in detecting associated pathological changes are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan A. McGrowder
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Fabian Miller
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Mico University College, 1A Marescaux Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica;
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Kurt Vaz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Chukwuemeka Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (C.N.); (C.W.-C.); (R.A.-L.)
| | - Cameil Wilson-Clarke
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (C.N.); (C.W.-C.); (R.A.-L.)
| | - Melisa Anderson-Cross
- School of Allied Health and Wellness, College of Health Sciences, University of Technology, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Jabari Brown
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Lennox Anderson-Jackson
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Lowen Williams
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica;
| | - Lyndon Latore
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Rory Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (K.V.); (J.B.); (L.A.-J.); (L.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Ruby Alexander-Lindo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica; (C.N.); (C.W.-C.); (R.A.-L.)
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Trombetta-Lima M, Sabogal-Guáqueta AM, Dolga AM. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases: A focus on iPSC-derived neuronal models. Cell Calcium 2021; 94:102362. [PMID: 33540322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Progressive neuronal loss is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. These pathologies exhibit clear signs of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium deregulation, and accumulation of aggregated or misfolded proteins. Over the last decades, a tremendous research effort has contributed to define some of the pathological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative processes in these complex brain neurodegenerative disorders. To better understand molecular mechanisms responsible for neurodegenerative processes and find potential interventions and pharmacological treatments, it is important to have robust in vitro and pre-clinical animal models that can recapitulate both the early biological events undermining the maintenance of the nervous system and early pathological events. In this regard, it would be informative to determine how different inherited pathogenic mutations can compromise mitochondrial function, calcium signaling, and neuronal survival. Since post-mortem analyses cannot provide relevant information about the disease progression, it is crucial to develop model systems that enable the investigation of early molecular changes, which may be relevant as targets for novel therapeutic options. Thus, the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represents an exceptional complementary tool for the investigation of degenerative processes. In this review, we will focus on two neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. We will provide examples of iPSC-derived neuronal models and how they have been used to study calcium and mitochondrial alterations during neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Trombetta-Lima
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Angélica María Sabogal-Guáqueta
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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18
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Melo van Lent D, Egert S, Wolfsgruber S, Kleineidam L, Weinhold L, Wagner-Thelen H, Maier W, Jessen F, Ramirez A, Schmid M, Scherer M, Riedel-Heller SG, Wagner M. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of Alzheimer's Dementia in the Oldest Old. Nutrients 2021; 13:461. [PMID: 33573174 PMCID: PMC7912244 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have different effects on cognitive health due to their anti- or pro-inflammatory properties. METHODS We aimed to prospectively examine the relationships between n-3 and n-6 PUFA contents in serum phospholipids with incident all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD). We included 1264 non-demented participants aged 84 ± 3 years from the German Study on Ageing, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe) multicenter-cohort study. We investigated whether fatty acid concentrations in serum phospholipids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), and arachidonic acid (AA), were associated with risk of incident all-cause dementia and AD. RESULTS During the follow-up window of seven years, 233 participants developed dementia. Higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a lower incidence of AD (hazard ratio (HR) 0.76 (95% CI 0.63; 0.93)). We also observed that higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a decreased risk for all-cause dementia (HR 0.76 (95% CI 0.61; 0.94)) and AD (HR 0.66 (95% CI 0.51; 0.85)) among apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) non-carriers but not among APOE ε4 carriers. No other fatty acids were significantly associated with AD or dementia. CONCLUSIONS Higher concentrations of EPA were associated with a lower risk of incident AD. This further supports a beneficial role of n-3 PUFAs for cognitive health in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Melo van Lent
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.W.); (F.J.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Sarah Egert
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.W.); (F.J.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.K.); (H.W.-T.); (W.M.)
| | - Luca Kleineidam
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.K.); (H.W.-T.); (W.M.)
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Holger Wagner-Thelen
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.K.); (H.W.-T.); (W.M.)
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.K.); (H.W.-T.); (W.M.)
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.W.); (F.J.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.W.); (F.J.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50924 Cologne, Germany
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.W.); (F.J.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany; (S.W.); (F.J.); (A.R.); (M.S.); (M.W.)
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.K.); (H.W.-T.); (W.M.)
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Dcf1 alleviates C99-mediated deficits in drosophila by reducing the cleavage of C99. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:410-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Krinsky‐McHale SJ, Zigman WB, Lee JH, Schupf N, Pang D, Listwan T, Kovacs C, Silverman W. Promising outcome measures of early Alzheimer's dementia in adults with Down syndrome. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 12:e12044. [PMID: 32647741 PMCID: PMC7335903 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adults with Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its associated dementia, warranting the development of strategies to improve early detection when prevention is possible. METHODS Using a broad battery of neuropsychological assessments, informant interviews, and clinical record review, we evaluated the psychometrics of measures in a large sample of 561 adults with DS. We tracked longitudinal stability or decline in functioning in a subsample of 269 participants over a period of 3 years, all initially without indications of clinically significant aging-related decline. RESULTS Results identified an array of objective measures that demonstrated sensitivity in distinguishing individuals with incident "mild cognitive impairment" (MCI-DS) as well as subsequent declines occurring with incident dementia. DISCUSSION Several instruments showed clear promise for use as outcome measures for future clinical trials and for informing diagnosis of individuals suspected of experiencing early signs and symptoms of a progressive dementia process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon J Krinsky‐McHale
- New YorkState Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandNew YorkUSA
| | - Warren B. Zigman
- New YorkState Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandNew YorkUSA
| | - Joseph H. Lee
- Department of NeurologyCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversitySergievsky Center/Taub InstituteNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Department of NeurologyCollege of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversitySergievsky Center/Taub InstituteNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Deborah Pang
- New YorkState Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandNew YorkUSA
| | - Tracy Listwan
- New YorkState Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandNew YorkUSA
| | - Cynthia Kovacs
- New YorkState Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandNew YorkUSA
| | - Wayne Silverman
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- University of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
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21
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Hadjichrysanthou C, Evans S, Bajaj S, Siakallis LC, McRae-McKee K, de Wolf F, Anderson RM. The dynamics of biomarkers across the clinical spectrum of Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2020; 12:74. [PMID: 32534594 PMCID: PMC7293779 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Quantifying changes in the levels of biological and cognitive markers prior to the clinical presentation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) will provide a template for understanding the underlying aetiology of the clinical syndrome and, concomitantly, for improving early diagnosis, clinical trial recruitment and treatment assessment. This study aims to characterise continuous changes of such markers and determine their rate of change and temporal order throughout the AD continuum. Methods The methodology is founded on the development of stochastic models to estimate the expected time to reach different clinical disease states, for different risk groups, and synchronise short-term individual biomarker data onto a disease progression timeline. Twenty-seven markers are considered, including a range of cognitive scores, cerebrospinal (CSF) and plasma fluid proteins, and brain structural and molecular imaging measures. Data from 2014 participants in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database is utilised. Results The model suggests that detectable memory dysfunction could occur up to three decades prior to the onset of dementia due to AD (ADem). This is closely followed by changes in amyloid-β CSF levels and the first cognitive decline, as assessed by sensitive measures. Hippocampal atrophy could be observed as early as the initial amyloid-β accumulation. Brain hypometabolism starts later, about 14 years before onset, along with changes in the levels of total and phosphorylated tau proteins. Loss of functional abilities occurs rapidly around ADem onset. Neurofilament light is the only protein with notable early changes in plasma levels. The rate of change varies, with CSF, memory, amyloid PET and brain structural measures exhibiting the highest rate before the onset of ADem, followed by a decline. The probability of progressing to a more severe clinical state increases almost exponentially with age. In accordance with previous studies, the presence of apolipoprotein E4 alleles and amyloid-β accumulation can be associated with an increased risk of developing the disease, but their influence depends on age and clinical state. Conclusions Despite the limited longitudinal data at the individual level and the high variability observed in such data, the study elucidates the link between the long asynchronous pathophysiological processes and the preclinical and clinical stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Evans
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Modelling and Economics Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Sumali Bajaj
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Loizos C Siakallis
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Kevin McRae-McKee
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Frank de Wolf
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Roy M Anderson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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22
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Moga DC, Beech BF, Abner EL, Schmitt FA, El Khouli RH, Martinez AI, Eckmann L, Huffmyer M, George R, Jicha GA. INtervention for Cognitive Reserve Enhancement in delaying the onset of Alzheimer's Symptomatic Expression (INCREASE), a randomized controlled trial: rationale, study design, and protocol. Trials 2019; 20:806. [PMID: 31888732 PMCID: PMC6937673 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes a 10-20-year preclinical period with progressive accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the absence of symptomatic cognitive or functional decline. The duration of this preclinical stage in part depends on the rate of pathologic progression, which is offset by compensatory mechanisms, referred to as cognitive reserve (CR). Comorbid medical conditions, psychosocial stressors, and inappropriate medication use may lower CR, hastening the onset of symptomatic AD. Here, we describe a randomized controlled trial (RCT) designed to test the efficacy of a medication therapy management (MTM) intervention to reduce inappropriate medication use, bolster cognitive reserve, and ultimately delay symptomatic AD. METHODS/DESIGN Our study aims to enroll 90 non-demented community-dwelling adults ≥ 65 years of age. Participants will undergo positron emission tomography (PET) scans, measuring Aβ levels using standardized uptake value ratios (SUVr). Participants will be randomly assigned to MTM intervention or control, stratified by Aβ levels, and followed for 12 months via in-person and telephone visits. Outcomes of interest include: (1) medication appropriateness (measured with the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI)); (2) scores from Trail Making Test B (TMTB), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT); (3) perceived health status (measured with the SF-36). We will also evaluate pre- to post-intervention change in: (1) use of inappropriate medications as measured by MAI; 2) CR Change Score (CRCS), defined as the difference in scopolamine-challenged vs unchallenged cognitive scores at baseline and follow-up. Baseline Aβ SUVr will be used to examine the relative impact of preclinical AD (pAD) pathology on CRCS, as well as the interplay of amyloid burden with inappropriate medication use. DISCUSSION This manuscript describes the protocol of INCREASE ("INtervention for Cognitive Reserve Enhancement in delaying the onset of Alzheimer's Symptomatic Expression"): a randomized controlled trial that investigates the impact of deprescribing inappropriate medications and optimizing medication regimens on potentially delaying the onset of symptomatic AD and AD-related dementias. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02849639. Registered on 29 July 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C Moga
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | | | - Erin L Abner
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Frederick A Schmitt
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Riham H El Khouli
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ashley I Martinez
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lynne Eckmann
- PRO2RX LLC Pharmacy Consulting Services, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Mark Huffmyer
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- PRO2RX LLC Pharmacy Consulting Services, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Rosmy George
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Gregory A Jicha
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Fields C, Glazebrook JF. A mosaic of Chu spaces and Channel Theory II: applications to object identification and mereological complexity. J EXP THEOR ARTIF IN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/0952813x.2018.1544285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - James F. Glazebrook
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, USA
- Adjunct Faculty, Department of Mathematics, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Kantar Gok D, Hidisoglu E, Ocak GA, Er H, Acun AD, Yargıcoglu P. Protective role of rosmarinic acid on amyloid beta 42-induced echoic memory decline: Implication of oxidative stress and cholinergic impairment. Neurochem Int 2018; 118:1-13. [PMID: 29655652 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined whether rosmarinic acid (RA) reverses amyloid β (Aβ) induced reductions in antioxidant defense, lipid peroxidation, cholinergic damage as well as the central auditory deficits. For this purpose, Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups; Sham(S), Sham + RA (SR), Aβ42 peptide (Aβ) and Aβ42 peptide + RA (AβR) groups. Rat model of Alzheimer was established by bilateral injection of Aβ42 peptide (2,2 nmol/10 μl) into the lateral ventricles. RA (50 mg/kg, daily) was administered orally by gavage for 14 days after intracerebroventricular injection. At the end of the experimental period, we recorded the auditory event related potentials (AERPs) and mismatch negativity (MMN) response to assess auditory functions followed by histological and biochemical analysis. Aβ42 injection led to a significant increase in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) but decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) and glutathione levels. Moreover, Aβ42 injection resulted in a reduction in the acetylcholine content and acetylcholine esterase activity. RA treatment prevented the observed alterations in the AβR group. Furthermore, RA attenuated the increased Aβ staining and astrocyte activation. We also found that Aβ42 injection decreased the MMN response and theta power/coherence of AERPs, suggesting an impairing effect on auditory discrimination and echoic memory processes. RA treatment reversed the Aβ42 related alterations in AERP parameters. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that RA prevented Aβ-induced antioxidant-oxidant imbalance and cholinergic damage, which may contribute to the improvement of neural network dynamics of auditory processes in this rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Kantar Gok
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Arapsuyu, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Enis Hidisoglu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Arapsuyu, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Guzide Ayse Ocak
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Arapsuyu, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Er
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Arapsuyu, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Alev Duygu Acun
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Arapsuyu, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Piraye Yargıcoglu
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Arapsuyu, 07070 Antalya, Turkey.
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25
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Botchway BO, Moore MK, Akinleye FO, Iyer IC, Fang M. Nutrition: Review on the Possible Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 61:867-883. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benson O.A. Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Masania K. Moore
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Faith O. Akinleye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ishwari C. Iyer
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Yu S, Hei Y, Liu W. Upregulation of seladin-1 and nestin expression in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation via the ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in an Alzheimer's disease model. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:7443-7449. [PMID: 29731895 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the roles of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation in a model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and determine the underlying mechanism. The expression of selective Alzheimer's disease indicator-1 (Seladin-1) and nestin was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 inhibitors, LY294002 and PD98059, were employed to evaluate the molecular mechanism. The results indicated that the mRNA and protein expression of Seladin-1 and nestin was lower in the AD group when compared with the control group. BM-MSC transplantation reversed this decrease in expression, potentially by increasing the protein expression of phosphorylated (p)-protein kinase B (Akt) and p-ERK1/2. In addition, LY294002 (the PI3K inhibitor) and/or PD98059 (the ERK1/2 inhibitor) blocked the enhancement of BM-MSC transplantation on the expression of Seladin-1 and nestin in the hippocampus. These results indicated that BM-MSC transplantation enhanced Seladin-1 and nestin expression potentially via a mechanism associated with the activation of the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. The present study offers preliminary evidence that treatment with BM-MSCs may represent a potential therapeutic approach against brain lesions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, No. 303 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yue Hei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Altimiras F, Uszczynska-Ratajczak B, Camara F, Vlasova A, Palumbo E, Newhouse S, Deacon RMJ, Farias LAE, Hurley MJ, Loyola DE, Vásquez RA, Dobson R, Guigó R, Cogram P. Brain Transcriptome Sequencing of a Natural Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:64. [PMID: 28373841 PMCID: PMC5357652 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Altimiras
- Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad Adolfo IbañezSantiago, Chile
- Telefonica Research and DevelopmentSantiago, Chile
| | - Barbara Uszczynska-Ratajczak
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Camara
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Vlasova
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Palumbo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelona, Spain
| | - Stephen Newhouse
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Robert M. J. Deacon
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, National Scientific and Technical Research CouncilBuenos Aires, Argentina
- GeN.DDI LtdLondon, UK
| | | | - Michael J. Hurley
- Division of Brain Sciences, Centre for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Imperial CollegeLondon, UK
| | - David E. Loyola
- National Center for Genomics and BioinformaticsSantiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A. Vásquez
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Richard Dobson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Roderic Guigó
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Cogram
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, National Scientific and Technical Research CouncilBuenos Aires, Argentina
- GeN.DDI LtdLondon, UK
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Bogner HR, de Vries McClintock HF, Kurichi JE, Kwong PL, Xie D, Hennessy S, Streim JE, Stineman MG. Patient Satisfaction and Prognosis for Functional Improvement and Deterioration, Institutionalization, and Death Among Medicare Beneficiaries Over 2 Years. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 98:1-10. [PMID: 27590442 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how patient satisfaction with care coordination and quality and access to medical care influence functional improvement or deterioration (activity limitation stage transitions), institutionalization, or death among older adults. DESIGN National representative sample with 2-year follow-up. SETTING Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey from calendar years 2001 to 2008. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling adults (N=23,470) aged ≥65 years followed for 2 years. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A multinomial logistic regression model taking into account the complex survey design was used to examine the association between patient satisfaction with care coordination and quality and patient satisfaction with access to medical care and activities of daily living (ADL) stage transitions, institutionalization, or death after 2 years, adjusting for baseline socioeconomics and health-related characteristics. RESULTS Out of 23,470 Medicare beneficiaries, 14,979 (63.8% weighted) remained stable in ADL stage, 2508 (10.7% weighted) improved, 3210 (13.3% weighted) deteriorated, 582 (2.5% weighted) were institutionalized, and 2281 (9.7% weighted) died. Beneficiaries who were in the top quartile of satisfaction with care coordination and quality were less likely to be institutionalized (adjusted relative risk ratio [RRR], .68; 95% confidence interval [CI], .54-.86). Beneficiaries who were in the top quartile of satisfaction with access to medical care were less likely to functionally deteriorate (adjusted RRR, .87; 95% CI, .79-.97), be institutionalized (adjusted RRR, .72; 95% CI, .56-.92), or die (adjusted RRR, .86; 95% CI, .75-.98). CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of patient satisfaction with medical care and risk of functional deterioration may be helpful for monitoring and addressing disability-related health care disparities and the effect of ongoing policy changes among Medicare beneficiaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary R Bogner
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Heather F de Vries McClintock
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jibby E Kurichi
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Pui L Kwong
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Dawei Xie
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sean Hennessy
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joel E Streim
- Geriatric Psychiatry Section of the Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Veterans Integrated Service Network 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Margaret G Stineman
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Boublay N, Schott AM, Krolak-Salmon P. Neuroimaging correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: a review of 20 years of research. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:1500-9. [PMID: 27435186 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Assessing morphological, perfusion and metabolic brain changes preceding or associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) will help in the understanding of pathophysiological underlying processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review aimed to highlight the main findings on significant associations between neuroimaging and NPSs, the pathophysiology to elucidate possible underlying mechanisms, and methodological issues to aid future research. Research papers published from January 1990 to October 2015 were identified in the databases PsycInfo, Embase, PubMed and Medline, using key words related to NPSs and imaging techniques. In addition to a semi-systematic search in the databases, we also performed hand searches based on reported citations identified to be of interest. Delusions, apathy and depression symptoms were particularly associated with brain changes in AD. The majority of studies disclosed an association between frontal lobe structural and/or metabolic changes and NPSs, implicating, interestingly, for all 12 NPSs studied, the anterior cingulate cortex although temporal, subcortical and parietal regions, and insula were also involved. Given the high degree of connectivity of these brain areas, frontal change correlates of NPSs may help in the understanding of neural network participation. This review also highlights crucial methodological issues that may reduce the heterogeneity of results to enable progress on the pathophysiological mechanisms and aid research on NPS treatments in AD. Based on a broad review of the current literature, a global brain pattern to support the huge heterogeneity of neuroimaging correlates of NPSs in AD and methodological strategies are suggested to help direct future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Boublay
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon, Hospital of Charpennes, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France. .,University of Lyon, Lyon, France. .,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche, Lyon, France. .,INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon, France.
| | - A M Schott
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pôle Information Médicale Evaluation Recherche, Lyon, France.,University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - P Krolak-Salmon
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Lyon, Hospital of Charpennes, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France.,University of Lyon, Lyon, France.,Clinical Research Centre CRC - VCF (Vieillissement - Cerveau - Fragilité), Hospital of Charpennes, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France.,INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon, France
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BAG2 expression dictates a functional intracellular switch between the p38-dependent effects of nicotine on tau phosphorylation levels via the α7 nicotinic receptor. Exp Neurol 2015; 275 Pt 1:69-77. [PMID: 26496817 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The histopathological hallmarks present in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain are plaques of Aβ peptide, neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, and a reduction in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) levels. The role of nAChRs in AD is particularly controversial. Tau protein function is regulated by phosphorylation, and its hyperphosphorylated forms are significantly more abundant in AD brain. Little is known about the relationship between nAChR and phospho-tau degradation machinery. Activation of nAChRs has been reported to increase and decrease tau phosphorylation levels, and the mechanisms responsible for this discrepancy are not presently understood. The co-chaperone BAG2 is capable of regulating phospho-tau levels via protein degradation. In SH-SY5Y cell line and rat primary hippocampal cell culture low endogenous BAG2 levels constitute an intracellular environment conducive to nicotine-induced accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein. Further, nicotine treatment inhibited endogenous expression of BAG2, resulting in increased levels of phosphorylated tau indistinguishable from those induced by BAG2 knockdown. Conversely, overexpression of BAG2 is conducive to a nicotine-induced reduction in cellular levels of phosphorylated tau protein. In both cases the effect of nicotine was p38MAPK-dependent, while the α7 antagonist MLA was synthetic to nicotine treatment, either increasing levels of phospho-Tau in the absence of BAG2, or further decreasing the levels of phospho-Tau in the presence of BAG2. Taken together, these findings reconcile the apparently contradictory effects of nicotine on tau phosphorylation by suggesting a role for BAG2 as an important regulator of p38-dependent tau kinase activity and phospho-tau degradation in response to nicotinic receptor stimulation. Thus, we report that BAG2 expression dictates a functional intracellular switch between the p38-dependent functions of nicotine on tau phosphorylation levels via the α7 nicotinic receptor.
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Fields C. Visual re-identification of individual objects: a core problem for organisms and AI. Cogn Process 2015; 17:1-13. [PMID: 26449819 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-015-0736-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Fields
- , 243 West Spain Street, Sonoma, CA, 95476, USA.
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Rudnitskaya EA, Muraleva NA, Maksimova KY, Kiseleva E, Kolosova NG, Stefanova NA. Melatonin Attenuates Memory Impairment, Amyloid-β Accumulation, and Neurodegeneration in a Rat Model of Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 47:103-16. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nataliya G. Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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McKee AC, Stein TD, Kiernan PT, Alvarez VE. The neuropathology of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Brain Pathol 2015; 25:350-64. [PMID: 25904048 PMCID: PMC4526170 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive brain trauma is associated with a progressive neurological deterioration, now termed as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Most instances of CTE occur in association with the play of sports, but CTE has also been reported in association with blast injuries and other neurotrauma. Symptoms of CTE include behavioral and mood changes, memory loss, cognitive impairment and dementia. Like many other neurodegenerative diseases, CTE is diagnosed with certainty only by neuropathological examination of brain tissue. CTE is a tauopathy characterized by the deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) protein as neurofibrillary tangles, astrocytic tangles and neurites in striking clusters around small blood vessels of the cortex, typically at the sulcal depths. Severely affected cases show p-tau pathology throughout the brain. Abnormalities in phosphorylated 43 kDa TAR DNA-binding protein are found in most cases of CTE; beta-amyloid is identified in 43%, associated with age. Given the importance of sports participation and physical exercise to physical and psychological health as well as disease resilience, it is critical to identify the genetic risk factors for CTE as well as to understand how other variables, such as stress, age at exposure, gender, substance abuse and other exposures, contribute to the development of CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann C. McKee
- VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory ScienceBoston University School of MedicineBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center ProgramBoston UniversityBostonMA
| | - Thor D. Stein
- VA Boston Healthcare SystemBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory ScienceBoston University School of MedicineBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center ProgramBoston UniversityBostonMA
| | - Patrick T. Kiernan
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center ProgramBoston UniversityBostonMA
| | - Victor E. Alvarez
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBoston UniversityBostonMA
- Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Center ProgramBoston UniversityBostonMA
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Daneshvar DH, Goldstein LE, Kiernan PT, Stein TD, McKee AC. Post-traumatic neurodegeneration and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 66:81-90. [PMID: 25758552 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. Concussive and subconcussive forms of closed-head injury due to impact or blast neurotrauma represent the most common types of TBI in civilian and military settings. It is becoming increasingly evident that TBI can lead to persistent, long-term debilitating effects, and in some cases, progressive neurodegeneration and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The epidemiological literature suggests that a single moderate-to-severe TBI may be associated with accelerated neurodegeneration and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, or motor neuron disease. However, the pathologic phenotype of these post-traumatic neurodegenerations is largely unknown and there may be pathobiological differences between post-traumatic disease and the corresponding sporadic disorder. By contrast, the pathology of CTE is increasingly well known and is characterized by a distinctive pattern of progressive brain atrophy and accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau neurofibrillary and glial tangles, dystrophic neurites, 43 kDa TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) neuronal and glial aggregates, microvasculopathy, myelinated axonopathy, neuroinflammation, and white matter degeneration. Clinically, CTE is associated with behavioral changes, executive dysfunction, memory deficits, and cognitive impairments that begin insidiously and most often progress slowly over decades. Although research on the long-term effects of TBI is advancing quickly, the incidence and prevalence of post-traumatic neurodegeneration and CTE are unknown. Critical knowledge gaps include elucidation of pathogenic mechanisms, identification of genetic risk factors, and clarification of relevant variables-including age at exposure to trauma, history of prior and subsequent head trauma, substance use, gender, stress, and comorbidities-all of which may contribute to risk profiles and the development of post-traumatic neurodegeneration and CTE. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Traumatic Brain Injury'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Daneshvar
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lee E Goldstein
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Photonics Center, Boston University, 1 Silber Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 1 Silber Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 1 Silber Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, 1 Silber Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick T Kiernan
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Boston University Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Program, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130, USA
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Mar J, Soto-Gordoa M, Arrospide A, Moreno-Izco F, Martínez-Lage P. Fitting the epidemiology and neuropathology of the early stages of Alzheimer's disease to prevent dementia. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2015; 7:2. [PMID: 25713598 PMCID: PMC4338563 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-014-0079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Recent research on biomarkers has made possible the diagnosis of pre-dementia and even preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD), thus providing the ideal context for prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of the early stages of AD by fitting neuropathologic and epidemiological data to assess the feasibility of prevention programs. Methods The study addressed primarily the construction of a discrete event simulation model of the stages of dementia. Age was included in the mathematical functions to combine the two competitive risks that determine the epidemiology of AD, that is, time to onset of dementia and time until death by other causes. Subsequently, this model was calibrated to reproduce the prevalence of pathological findings associated with AD. The beginning of the preclinical stage was taken to coincide with Thal phase 1 deposition of amyloid-beta. The duration of the prodromal stage, marked by mild cognitive impairment, was based on a 10% annual conversion rate from this level of impairment to dementia. The validation of prevalence figures also permitted estimation of the incidence and duration of preclinical and prodromal stages. Results In Spain, half of the nearly 10 million people aged more than 60 years are in the early stages of AD; 35.9% are in a preclinical stage, and up to 14.2% are in a prodromal stage. However, dementia will develop in only 38% of this population. The weighted mean time to dementia was 22.0 years from the start of Thal phase 1 and 9.0 years from the start of phase 2. Results of simulation models showed a lack of correlation between clinical and pathological classifications. Conclusions These findings raise questions about the feasibility of drug-based prevention strategies. Currently, screening programs with biomarkers in the early stages of AD cannot be applied to the half of the general population older than 60 years. Hence, intensive research is needed regarding risk factors, so that more affordable strategies may be planned. More efficient criteria are also needed to select those subjects with mild cognitive impairment who have an increased probability of positive screening for biomarkers (prodromal stage). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13195-014-0079-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Mar
- Clinical Management Unit, Alto Deba Hospital, Avenida Navarra 16, Mondragon, 20500 Spain ; Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), Avenida Navarra 16, Mondragon, 20500 Spain
| | - Myriam Soto-Gordoa
- Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), Avenida Navarra 16, Mondragon, 20500 Spain ; AP-OSI Research Unit, Alto Deba Hospital, Avenida Navarra 16, Mondragon, 20500 Spain
| | - Arantzazu Arrospide
- Health Services Research on Chronic Patients Network (REDISSEC), Avenida Navarra 16, Mondragon, 20500 Spain ; AP-OSI Research Unit, Alto Deba Hospital, Avenida Navarra 16, Mondragon, 20500 Spain
| | - Fermín Moreno-Izco
- Department of Neurology, Donostia Hospital, C/ Dr Beguiristain s/n, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20014 Spain
| | - Pablo Martínez-Lage
- Fundación CITA-Alzheimer Fundazioa, Pº Mikeletegi 71, Donostia-San Sebastián, 20009 Spain
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Yuki D, Sugiura Y, Zaima N, Akatsu H, Takei S, Yao I, Maesako M, Kinoshita A, Yamamoto T, Kon R, Sugiyama K, Setou M. DHA-PC and PSD-95 decrease after loss of synaptophysin and before neuronal loss in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7130. [PMID: 25410733 PMCID: PMC5382699 DOI: 10.1038/srep07130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic disruption, and neuronal loss. Several studies have demonstrated decreases of docosahexaenoic acid-containing phosphatidylcholines (DHA-PCs) in the AD brain. In this study, we used matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry in postmortem AD brain to show that PC molecular species containing stearate and DHA, namely PC(18:0/22:6), was selectively depleted in the gray matter of patients with AD. Moreover, in the brain regions with marked amyloid β (Aβ) deposition, the magnitude of the PC(18:0/22:6) reduction significantly correlated with disease duration. Furthermore, at the molecular level, this depletion was associated with reduced levels of the postsynaptic protein PSD-95 but not the presynaptic protein synaptophysin. Interestingly, this reduction in PC(18:0/22:6) levels did not correlate with the degrees of Aβ deposition and neuronal loss in AD. The analysis of the correlations of key factors and disease duration showed that their effects on the disease time course were arranged in order as Aβ deposition, presynaptic disruption, postsynaptic disruption coupled with PC(18:0/22:6) reduction, and neuronal loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Yuki
- 1] Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan [2] Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 132-0035, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- 1] Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan [2] JST Precursory Research for Embryonic Science Technology (PREST) Project, 160-8582 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Zaima
- 1] Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan [2] Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Kinki University, 3327-204 Naka-machi, Nara 631-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Akatsu
- 1] Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, 19-14 Yamanaka, Noyori-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8124, Japan [2] Department of Medicine for Aging in Place and Community-Based Medical Education, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Shiro Takei
- 1] Department of Optical Imaging, Medical Photonics Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan [2] JST, ERATO, Sato project, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ikuko Yao
- 1] Department of Optical Imaging, Medical Photonics Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan [2] JST, ERATO, Sato project, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Maesako
- School of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ayae Kinoshita
- School of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yamamoto
- Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, 19-14 Yamanaka, Noyori-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8124, Japan
| | - Ryo Kon
- Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 132-0035, Japan
| | - Keikichi Sugiyama
- 1] Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 132-0035, Japan [2] Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Setou
- 1] Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan [2] JST, ERATO, Sato project, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Ren RJ, Dammer EB, Wang G, Seyfried NT, Levey AI. Proteomics of protein post-translational modifications implicated in neurodegeneration. Transl Neurodegener 2014; 3:23. [PMID: 25671099 PMCID: PMC4323146 DOI: 10.1186/2047-9158-3-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has developed into a battery of approaches that is exceedingly adept at identifying with high mass accuracy and precision any of the following: oxidative damage to proteins (redox proteomics), phosphorylation (phosphoproteomics), ubiquitination (diglycine remnant proteomics), protein fragmentation (degradomics), and other posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Many studies have linked these PTMs to pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegeneration. To date, identifying PTMs on specific pathology-associated proteins has proven to be a valuable step in the evaluation of functional alteration of proteins and also elucidates biochemical and structural explanations for possible pathophysiological mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides an overview of methods applicable to the identification and quantification of PTMs on proteins and enumerates historic, recent, and potential future research endeavours in the field of proteomics furthering the understanding of PTM roles in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jing Ren
- />Department of Neurology,Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- />Department of Biochemistry, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Gang Wang
- />Department of Pharmacology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- />Department of Neurology,Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
- />Department of Biochemistry, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
- />Emory Proteomics Service Center, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- />Department of Neurology,Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
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Swaminathan A, Jicha GA. Nutrition and prevention of Alzheimer's dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:282. [PMID: 25368575 PMCID: PMC4202787 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A nutritional approach to prevent, slow, or halt the progression of disease is a promising strategy that has been widely investigated. Much epidemiologic data suggests that nutritional intake may influence the development and progression of Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). Modifiable, environmental causes of AD include potential metabolic derangements caused by dietary insufficiency and or excess that may be corrected by nutritional supplementation and or dietary modification. Many nutritional supplements contain a myriad of health promoting constituents (anti-oxidants, vitamins, trace minerals, flavonoids, lipids, …etc.) that may have novel mechanisms of action affecting cellular health and regeneration, the aging process itself, or may specifically disrupt pathogenic pathways in the development of AD. Nutritional modifications have the advantage of being cost effective, easy to implement, socially acceptable and generally safe and devoid of significant adverse events in most cases. Many nutritional interventions have been studied and continue to be evaluated in hopes of finding a successful agent, combination of agents, or dietary modifications that can be used for the prevention and or treatment of AD. The current review focuses on several key nutritional compounds and dietary modifications that have been studied in humans, and further discusses the rationale underlying their potential utility for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Swaminathan
- Department of Neurology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Gregory A Jicha
- Department of Neurology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky Lexington, KY, USA
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40
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Tomuleasa C, Braicu C, Irimie A, Craciun L, Berindan-Neagoe I. Nanopharmacology in translational hematology and oncology. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3465-79. [PMID: 25092977 PMCID: PMC4113407 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s60488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have displayed considerable promise for safely delivering therapeutic agents with miscellaneous therapeutic properties. Current progress in nanotechnology has put forward, in the last few years, several therapeutic strategies that could be integrated into clinical use by using constructs for molecular diagnosis, disease detection, cytostatic drug delivery, and nanoscale immunotherapy. In the hope of bringing the concept of nanopharmacology toward a viable and feasible clinical reality in a cancer center, the present report attempts to present the grounds for the use of cell-free nanoscale structures for molecular therapy in experimental hematology and oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Cancer Center, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Irimie
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lucian Craciun
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Immunology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania ; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, the Oncological Institute "Prof Dr Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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41
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Hashmi AN, Yaqinuddin A, Ahmed T. Pharmacological effects of Ibuprofen on learning and memory,muscarinicreceptors gene expression and APP isoforms level in pre-frontal cortex of AlCl3-induced toxicity mouse model. Int J Neurosci 2014; 125:277-87. [DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2014.922972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Li W, Antuono PG, Xie C, Chen G, Jones JL, Ward BD, Singh SP, Franczak MB, Goveas JS, Li SJ. Aberrant functional connectivity in Papez circuit correlates with memory performance in cognitively intact middle-aged APOE4 carriers. Cortex 2014; 57:167-76. [PMID: 24905971 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to detect the early changes in resting-state Papez circuit functional connectivity using the hippocampus as the seed, and to determine the associations between altered functional connectivity (FC) and the episodic memory performance in cognitively intact middle-aged apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) carriers who are at risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Forty-six cognitively intact, middle-aged participants, including 20 APOE4 carriers and 26 age-, sex-, and education-matched noncarriers were studied. The resting-state FC of the hippocampus (HFC) was compared between APOE4 carriers and noncarriers. APOE4 carriers showed significantly decreased FC in brain areas that involve learning and memory functions, including the frontal, cingulate, thalamus and basal ganglia regions. Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant correlations between HFC and the episodic memory performance. Conjunction analysis between neural correlates of memory and altered HFC showed the overlapping regions, especially the subcortical regions such as thalamus, caudate nucleus, and cingulate cortices involved in the Papez circuit. Thus, changes in connectivity in the Papez circuit may be used as an early risk detection for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Li
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Piero G Antuono
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Jones
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - B Douglas Ward
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Suraj P Singh
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Joseph S Goveas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | - Shi-Jiang Li
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Morton AJ, Rudiger SR, Wood NI, Sawiak SJ, Brown GC, Mclaughlan CJ, Kuchel TR, Snell RG, Faull RLM, Bawden CS. Early and progressive circadian abnormalities in Huntington's disease sheep are unmasked by social environment. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:3375-83. [PMID: 24488771 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insidious changes in behaviour herald the onset of progressive neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease (HD), sometimes years before overt symptoms are seen. Sleep and circadian disturbances are particularly disruptive symptoms in patients with neurological disorders, but they are difficult to measure in humans. Here we studied circadian behaviour in transgenic HD sheep expressing the full-length human huntingtin protein with an expanded CAG repeat mutation in the juvenile range. Young HD sheep with no other symptoms exhibited circadian behavioural abnormalities that worsened with age. The most obvious change was a disturbed evening behaviour reminiscent of 'sundowning' that is seen in some patients with dementia. There were no structural abnormalities seen with magnetic resonance imaging, even in 5-year-old HD sheep. Interestingly, detection of the circadian abnormalities depended upon their social grouping. Abnormalities emerged in sheep kept in an 'HD-only' flock, whereas the behaviour of HD sheep kept mixed with normal sheep was relatively normal. Sleep-wake abnormalities in HD patients are also likely to be hidden, and may precede overt symptoms by many years. Sleep disruption has deleterious effects, even in normal people. The knock-on effects of sleep-wake disturbance may exacerbate, or even cause symptoms such as irritability and depression that are common in early stage HD patients. HD sheep will be useful models for probing the mechanisms underlying circadian behavioural disorder in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jennifer Morton
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK,
| | - Skye R Rudiger
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy, SA, Australia
| | - Nigel I Wood
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Stephen J Sawiak
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gregory C Brown
- Preclinical Imaging and Research Laboratory, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Gilles Plains, SA, Australia
| | - Clive J Mclaughlan
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy R Kuchel
- Preclinical Imaging and Research Laboratory, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Gilles Plains, SA, Australia
| | - Russell G Snell
- School of Biological Science, University of Auckland, Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland and
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland and Department of Anatomy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C Simon Bawden
- South Australian Research and Development Institute, Roseworthy, SA, Australia
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Scuderi C, Steardo L, Esposito G. Cannabidiol promotes amyloid precursor protein ubiquitination and reduction of beta amyloid expression in SHSY5YAPP+ cells through PPARγ involvement. Phytother Res 2013; 28:1007-13. [PMID: 24288245 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The amyloidogenic cascade is regarded as a key factor at the basis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. The aberrant cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) induces an increased production and a subsequent aggregation of beta amyloid (Aβ) peptide in limbic and association cortices. As a result, altered neuronal homeostasis and oxidative injury provoke tangle formation with consequent neuronal loss. Cannabidiol (CBD), a Cannabis derivative devoid of psychotropic effects, has attracted much attention because it may beneficially interfere with several Aβ-triggered neurodegenerative pathways, even though the mechanism responsible for such actions remains unknown. In the present research, the role of CBD was investigated as a possible modulating compound of APP processing in SHSY5Y(APP+) neurons. In addition, the putative involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) was explored as a candidate molecular site responsible for CBD actions. Results indicated the CBD capability to induce the ubiquitination of APP protein which led to a substantial decrease in APP full length protein levels in SHSY5Y(APP+) with the consequent decrease in Aβ production. Moreover, CBD promoted an increased survival of SHSY5Y(APP+) neurons, by reducing their long-term apoptotic rate. Obtained results also showed that all, here observed, CBD effects were dependent on the selective activation of PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology 'Vittorio Erspamer', SAPIENZA University of Rome, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Behavioral therapy reverses circadian deficits in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 63:85-91. [PMID: 24269914 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive disruption of circadian rhythmicity associated with disturbance of the sleep-wake cycle is one of the most insidious symptoms of Huntington's disease (HD) and represents a critical management issue for both patients and their care takers. The R6/2 mouse model of HD shows a progressive disruption of the circadian rhythmicity at both behavioral and molecular levels, although the intrinsic cellular machinery that drives circadian rhythmicity in individual cells appears to be fundamentally intact. Circadian rhythms are controlled by a master clock located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) and can be synchronized by light and non-photic factors such as exercise. Here, we aimed to test whether or not stimulating the SCN directly could prevent the loss of circadian rhythmicity in R6/2 mice. We used combinations of bright light therapy and voluntary exercise as our treatment regimes. We found that all treatments had some beneficial effects, as measured by delayed disintegration of the rest-activity rhythm and improved behavioral synchronization to the light-dark cycle. The best effects were observed in mice treated with a combination of bright light therapy and restricted periods of voluntary exercise. Neither the cause nor the consequence of deteriorating sleep-wake activity in HD patients is known. Nevertheless, our findings can be translated immediately to human patients with little cost or risk, since both light therapy and restricted exercise regimes are non-pharmacological interventions that are relatively easy to schedule. Improved circadian rhythmicity is likely to have beneficial knock-on effects on mood and general health in HD patients. Until effective treatments are found for HD, strategies that reduce deleterious effects of disordered physiology should be part of HD patient treatment programs.
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Scuderi C, Stecca C, Iacomino A, Steardo L. Role of astrocytes in major neurological disorders: the evidence and implications. IUBMB Life 2013; 65:957-61. [PMID: 24376207 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Given the huge amount and great complexity of astrocyte functions in the maintenance of brain homeostasis, it is easily understood how alterations in their physiology may be involved in the pathogenesis of many, if not all, neurological disorders. This assumption is strongly supported by accumulated evidence produced in humans and in experimental models of pathology. Based on these considerations, it is reasonable to encourage studies aimed at improving the knowledge about the implicated mechanisms, and astroglial cells can be considered as the innovative target for new, and possibly more effective, drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, "Vittorio Erspamer" SAPIENZA, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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47
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Hiltunen M, Nieminen T, Kettunen R, Hartikainen S, Sulkava R, Vuolteenaho O, Kerola T. B-type natriuretic peptide and severity of cognitive disorder. Eur J Clin Invest 2013; 43:1171-7. [PMID: 24102364 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natriuretic peptides have been linked to cognitive disorder in previous studies. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the severity of cognitive disorder and the levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in an older general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study is a part of the larger population-based, multidisciplinary Kuopio 75+ health study. A total of 601 subjects aged 75 or older participated in the study. A subgroup of 126 individuals was diagnosed with cognitive disorder, and the severity of the disease was assessed. The participants were tested for BNP. Analysis of covariance was carried out to study the relationship between BNP and the stage of cognitive disorder. RESULTS The association between the level of cognitive disorder and BNP resembled an inverse U-shaped curve, with higher levels of BNP observed among participants with mild cognitive disorder when compared to cognitively intact participants or counterparts with more severe cognitive disorder. This effect remained after adjustment for age (P = 0.02). However, association between BNP and level of cognitive disorder was lost in further adjustment with covariates connected to the levels of BNP. CONCLUSION The previously reported elevation of natriuretic peptides among individuals with diagnosed cognitive disorder was found only in people with milder stages of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Hiltunen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Internal Medicine, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland
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Dillon C, Serrano CM, Castro D, Leguizamón PP, Heisecke SL, Taragano FE. Behavioral symptoms related to cognitive impairment. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2013; 9:1443-55. [PMID: 24092982 PMCID: PMC3788702 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s47133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are core features of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. On one hand, behavioral symptoms in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can indicate an increased risk of progressing to dementia. On the other hand, mild behavioral impairment (MBI) in patients who usually have normal cognition indicates an increased risk of developing dementia. Whatever the cause, all dementias carry a high rate of NPI. These symptoms can be observed at any stage of the disease, may fluctuate over its course, are a leading cause of stress and overload for caregivers, and increase rates of hospitalization and early institutionalization for patients with dementia. The clinician should be able to promptly recognize NPI through the use of instruments capable of measuring their frequency and severity to support diagnosis, and to help monitor the treatment of behavioral symptoms. The aims of this review are to describe and update the construct 'MBI' and to revise the reported NPS related to prodromal stages of dementia (MCI and MBI) and dementia stages of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Dillon
- CeMiC (Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas) University Institute, Argentina
| | - Cecilia M Serrano
- CeMiC (Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas) University Institute, Argentina
| | - Diego Castro
- CeMiC (Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas) University Institute, Argentina
| | | | - Silvina L Heisecke
- CeMiC (Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas) University Institute, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando E Taragano
- CeMiC (Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas) University Institute, Argentina
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49
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Silverman WP, Zigman WB, Krinsky-McHale SJ, Ryan R, Schupf N. Intellectual Disability, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Risk for Dementia. JOURNAL OF POLICY AND PRACTICE IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2013; 10. [PMID: 24273589 DOI: 10.1111/jppi.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
People with intellectual disability (ID) are living longer than ever before, raising concerns about old-age associated disorders. Dementia is among the most serious of these disorders, and theories relating cognitive reserve to risk predict that older adults with ID should be particularly vulnerable. Previous estimates of relative risk for dementia associated with ID have been inconsistent, and the present analyses examined the possible influence of variation in diagnostic criteria on findings. As expected, relaxation in the stringency of case definition for adults with ID increased relative risk, underscoring the importance of developing valid criteria for defining mild cognitive impairment, early dementia, and distinguishing between the two in adults with ID. Once available, these standards will contribute to more effective evidence-based planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne P Silverman
- Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
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50
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Hu N, Yu JT, Tan L, Wang YL, Sun L, Tan L. Nutrition and the risk of Alzheimer's disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:524820. [PMID: 23865055 PMCID: PMC3705810 DOI: 10.1155/2013/524820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that accounts for the major cause of dementia, and the increasing worldwide prevalence of AD is a major public health concern. Increasing epidemiological studies suggest that diet and nutrition might be important modifiable risk factors for AD. Dietary supplementation of antioxidants, B vitamins, polyphenols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids are beneficial to AD, and consumptions of fish, fruits, vegetables, coffee, and light-to-moderate alcohol reduce the risk of AD. However, many of the results from randomized controlled trials are contradictory to that of epidemiological studies. Dietary patterns summarizing an overall diet are gaining momentum in recent years. Adherence to a healthy diet, the Japanese diet, and the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of AD. This paper will focus on the evidence linking many nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Number 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Number 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Lin Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Number 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ying-Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Number 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Number 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Number 5 Donghai Middle Road, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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