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Võ TC, Lê HG, Kang JM, Naw H, Fan CK, Trinh NTM, Quang HH, Na BK. Molecular surveillance of malaria in the Central Highlands, Vietnam. Parasitol Int 2021; 83:102374. [PMID: 33957296 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Vietnam achieved outstanding success against malaria in the last few decades. The mortality and morbidity of malaria in Vietnam have decreased remarkably in recent years, but malaria is still a major public health concern in the country, particularly in the Central Highlands region. In this study, molecular analyses of malaria parasites in the Central Highlands were performed to understand the population structure and genetic diversity of the parasites circulating in the region. Plasmodium falciparum (68.7%) and P. vivax (27.4%) along with mixed infections with P. falciparum/P. vivax (3.9%) were detected in 230 blood samples from patients with malaria. Allele-specific nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analyses of pfmsp-1, pfama-1, pvcsp, and pvmsp-1 revealed complex genetic makeup in P. falciparum and P. vivax populations of Vietnam. Substantial multiplicity of infection (MOI) was also identified, suggesting significant genetic diversity and polymorphism of P. falciparum and P. vivax populations in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. These results provide fundamental insight into the current patterns of dispersion and genetic nature of malaria parasites as well as for the development of malaria elimination strategies in the endemic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuấn Cường Võ
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hương Giang Lê
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Mi Kang
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Haung Naw
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chia-Kwung Fan
- Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine and Research Center of International Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Nguyen Thi Minh Trinh
- Tropical Diseases Clinical and Treatment Research Department, Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology Quy Nhon, MoH, 611B Nguyen Thai Hoc Street, Quy Nhon, Vietnam.
| | - Huynh Hong Quang
- Tropical Diseases Clinical and Treatment Research Department, Institute of Malariology, Parasitology, and Entomology Quy Nhon, MoH, 611B Nguyen Thai Hoc Street, Quy Nhon, Vietnam.
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
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Labadie-Bracho MY, Adhin MR. Reconstruction of Plasmodium vivax outbreaks in a low malaria endemic setting utilizing conventional restriction fragment length polymorphism. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS 2021; 12:9-15. [PMID: 33859783 PMCID: PMC8044709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Suriname is on track to eliminate local malaria transmission. P. vivax malaria reemerged in March and September 2019 in the Amerindian village Palumeu, free of malaria for two years and concurrently, a case was reported in another village Alalaparoe. The outbreaks were contained through targeted interventions including Mass Drug Administration (MDA). Molecular outbreak analysis was performed on 23 dried blood spots (DBS) using combined polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) with Pvmsp-1 F2 and Pvmsp-3α as polymorphic marker genes. Independent controls substantiated the discriminating capacities of the utilized PCR-RFLP method. All isolates from the first and second Palumeu outbreak shared a distinctive haplotype presuming single clonal lineage. An imported case probably triggered the first outbreak, while a delayed episode, prompted by withdrawal of drug pressure at the end of the prophylactic MDA, was suggested as source of the second outbreak. A diverging variant was demonstrated in Alalaparoe, implicating an infection from a different source. PCR-RFLP proved to be a useful molecular tool for P. vivax outbreak management in low endemic malaria settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malti R Adhin
- Anton de Kom Universiteit van Suriname, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of BiochemistryKernkampweg 5, Paramaribo, Suriname
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