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Fu L, Baranova A, Cao H, Zhang F. Exploring the causal effects of depression and antidepressants on COVID-19. J Affect Disord 2024; 359:350-355. [PMID: 38801921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While existing studies have suggested an increased risk of COVID-19 in patients with depression, the causal impact of MDD on the severity of COVID-19 remains to be validated. Additionally, the potential impact of antidepressant medication on the risk of COVID-19 is not known. METHODS In our study, we applied a Mendelian Randomization (MR) method, leveraging summary data from GWAS, to evaluate the potential causal effects of depression on three COVID-19 outcomes. Furthermore, we investigated the causal effects of antidepressants on COVID-19 outcomes. The COVID-19 datasets contain information on various stages of the disease, including SARS-CoV-2 infection (N = 2,597,856), hospitalized COVID-19 (N = 2,095,324), and critical COVID-19 (N = 1,086,211). Datasets for depression and antidepressants were comprised of 1,349,887 and 106,785 participants, respectively. RESULTS Employing the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, we show a causal association between depression and three COVID-19 outcomes. Specifically, we found that genetic liability to depression is linked to critical COVID-19 (OR: 1.28, 95 % CI: 1.13-1.46), hospitalized COVID-19 (OR: 1.23, 95 % CI: 1.13-1.34), and SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR: 1.06, 95 % CI: 1.02-1.10). Interestingly, the use of antidepressants was not associated with COVID-19, with the odds ratios for critical COVID-19 (OR: 1.05, 95 % CI: 0.88-1.26), hospitalization (OR: 1.01, 95 % CI: 0.90-1.13), and SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR: 1.03, 95 % CI: 0.99-1.08) indicating no causal impact. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that genetic liability to depression may increase the susceptibility to COVID-19 and its severe forms. The lack of causal effect of antidepressant use on COVID-19 implies antidepressant medication may counteract the detrimental effect of depression on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Ancha Baranova
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Hongbao Cao
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Fuquan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Institute of Neuropsychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Naidu AS, Wang CK, Rao P, Mancini F, Clemens RA, Wirakartakusumah A, Chiu HF, Yen CH, Porretta S, Mathai I, Naidu SAG. Precision nutrition to reset virus-induced human metabolic reprogramming and dysregulation (HMRD) in long-COVID. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:19. [PMID: 38555403 PMCID: PMC10981760 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, is devoid of any metabolic capacity; therefore, it is critical for the viral pathogen to hijack host cellular metabolic machinery for its replication and propagation. This single-stranded RNA virus with a 29.9 kb genome encodes 14 open reading frames (ORFs) and initiates a plethora of virus-host protein-protein interactions in the human body. These extensive viral protein interactions with host-specific cellular targets could trigger severe human metabolic reprogramming/dysregulation (HMRD), a rewiring of sugar-, amino acid-, lipid-, and nucleotide-metabolism(s), as well as altered or impaired bioenergetics, immune dysfunction, and redox imbalance in the body. In the infectious process, the viral pathogen hijacks two major human receptors, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-2 and/or neuropilin (NRP)-1, for initial adhesion to cell surface; then utilizes two major host proteases, TMPRSS2 and/or furin, to gain cellular entry; and finally employs an endosomal enzyme, cathepsin L (CTSL) for fusogenic release of its viral genome. The virus-induced HMRD results in 5 possible infectious outcomes: asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe to fatal episodes; while the symptomatic acute COVID-19 condition could manifest into 3 clinical phases: (i) hypoxia and hypoxemia (Warburg effect), (ii) hyperferritinemia ('cytokine storm'), and (iii) thrombocytosis (coagulopathy). The mean incubation period for COVID-19 onset was estimated to be 5.1 days, and most cases develop symptoms after 14 days. The mean viral clearance times were 24, 30, and 39 days for acute, severe, and ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients, respectively. However, about 25-70% of virus-free COVID-19 survivors continue to sustain virus-induced HMRD and exhibit a wide range of symptoms that are persistent, exacerbated, or new 'onset' clinical incidents, collectively termed as post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) or long COVID. PASC patients experience several debilitating clinical condition(s) with >200 different and overlapping symptoms that may last for weeks to months. Chronic PASC is a cumulative outcome of at least 10 different HMRD-related pathophysiological mechanisms involving both virus-derived virulence factors and a multitude of innate host responses. Based on HMRD and virus-free clinical impairments of different human organs/systems, PASC patients can be categorized into 4 different clusters or sub-phenotypes: sub-phenotype-1 (33.8%) with cardiac and renal manifestations; sub-phenotype-2 (32.8%) with respiratory, sleep and anxiety disorders; sub-phenotype-3 (23.4%) with skeleto-muscular and nervous disorders; and sub-phenotype-4 (10.1%) with digestive and pulmonary dysfunctions. This narrative review elucidates the effects of viral hijack on host cellular machinery during SARS-CoV-2 infection, ensuing detrimental effect(s) of virus-induced HMRD on human metabolism, consequential symptomatic clinical implications, and damage to multiple organ systems; as well as chronic pathophysiological sequelae in virus-free PASC patients. We have also provided a few evidence-based, human randomized controlled trial (RCT)-tested, precision nutrients to reset HMRD for health recovery of PASC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Satyanarayan Naidu
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA.
- N-terminus Research Laboratory, 232659 Via del Rio, Yorba Linda, CA, 92887, USA.
| | - Chin-Kun Wang
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pingfan Rao
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, No.1, Campus New Village, Longjiang Street, Fuqing City, Fujian, China
| | - Fabrizio Mancini
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- President-Emeritus, Parker University, 2540 Walnut Hill Lane, Dallas, TX, 75229, USA
| | - Roger A Clemens
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- University of Southern California, Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy/D. K. Kim International Center for Regulatory & Quality Sciences, 1540 Alcazar St., CHP 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Aman Wirakartakusumah
- International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST), Guelph, ON, Canada
- IPMI International Business School Jakarta; South East Asian Food and Agriculture Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health & Well-being, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hua Yen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sebastiano Porretta
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- President, Italian Association of Food Technology (AITA), Milan, Italy
- Experimental Station for the Food Preserving Industry, Department of Consumer Science, Viale Tanara 31/a, I-43121, Parma, Italy
| | - Issac Mathai
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- Soukya International Holistic Health Center, Whitefield, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sreus A G Naidu
- Global Nutrition Healthcare Council (GNHC) Mission-COVID, Yorba Linda, CA, USA
- N-terminus Research Laboratory, 232659 Via del Rio, Yorba Linda, CA, 92887, USA
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3
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Thümmler L, Beckmann N, Sehl C, Soddemann M, Braß P, Bormann M, Brochhagen L, Elsner C, Hoertel N, Cougoule C, Ciesek S, Widera M, Dittmer U, Lindemann M, Horn PA, Witzke O, Kadow S, Kamler M, Gulbins E, Becker KA, Krawczyk A. Fluoxetine and Sertraline Potently Neutralize the Replication of Distinct SARS-CoV-2 Variants. Viruses 2024; 16:545. [PMID: 38675888 PMCID: PMC11053511 DOI: 10.3390/v16040545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is still a major health problem. Newly emerging variants and long-COVID-19 represent a challenge for the global health system. In particular, individuals in developing countries with insufficient health care need easily accessible, affordable and effective treatments of COVID-19. Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase against infections with various viruses, including early variants of SARS-CoV-2. This work investigated whether the acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors fluoxetine and sertraline, usually used as antidepressant molecules in clinical practice, can inhibit the replication of the former and recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 variants in vitro. Fluoxetine and sertraline potently inhibited the infection with pseudotyped virus-like particles and SARS-CoV-2 variants D614G, alpha, delta, omicron BA.1 and omicron BA.5. These results highlight fluoxetine and sertraline as priority candidates for large-scale phase 3 clinical trials at different stages of SARS-CoV-2 infections, either alone or in combination with other medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Thümmler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Essen, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.T.); (P.B.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (O.W.)
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.L.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Nadine Beckmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany (C.S.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Carolin Sehl
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany (C.S.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Matthias Soddemann
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany (C.S.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Peer Braß
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Essen, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.T.); (P.B.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (O.W.)
| | - Maren Bormann
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Essen, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.T.); (P.B.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (O.W.)
| | - Leonie Brochhagen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Essen, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.T.); (P.B.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (O.W.)
| | - Carina Elsner
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.E.); (U.D.)
| | - Nicolas Hoertel
- Institute Psychiatry and Neuroscience de Paris, INSERM U1266, Paris Cité University, 75014 Paris, France;
- Psychiatry and Addiction Department Corentin-Celton Hospital (AP-HP), 92130 Paris, France
| | - Céline Cougoule
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), CNRS, University of Toulouse, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France;
| | - Sandra Ciesek
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.C.); (M.W.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Branch Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, 60311 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marek Widera
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Hospital Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.C.); (M.W.)
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.E.); (U.D.)
| | - Monika Lindemann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.L.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Peter A. Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.L.); (P.A.H.)
| | - Oliver Witzke
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Essen, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.T.); (P.B.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (O.W.)
| | - Stephanie Kadow
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany (C.S.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Markus Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart Center, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany (C.S.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany (C.S.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (E.G.); (K.A.B.)
| | - Adalbert Krawczyk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, West German Centre of Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Essen, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.T.); (P.B.); (M.B.); (L.B.); (O.W.)
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.E.); (U.D.)
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4
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Seal A, Hughes M, Wei F, Pugazhendhi AS, Ngo C, Ruiz J, Schwartzman JD, Coathup MJ. Sphingolipid-Induced Bone Regulation and Its Emerging Role in Dysfunction Due to Disease and Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3024. [PMID: 38474268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The human skeleton is a metabolically active system that is constantly regenerating via the tightly regulated and highly coordinated processes of bone resorption and formation. Emerging evidence reveals fascinating new insights into the role of sphingolipids, including sphingomyelin, sphingosine, ceramide, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, in bone homeostasis. Sphingolipids are a major class of highly bioactive lipids able to activate distinct protein targets including, lipases, phosphatases, and kinases, thereby conferring distinct cellular functions beyond energy metabolism. Lipids are known to contribute to the progression of chronic inflammation, and notably, an increase in bone marrow adiposity parallel to elevated bone loss is observed in most pathological bone conditions, including aging, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and osteomyelitis. Of the numerous classes of lipids that form, sphingolipids are considered among the most deleterious. This review highlights the important primary role of sphingolipids in bone homeostasis and how dysregulation of these bioactive metabolites appears central to many chronic bone-related diseases. Further, their contribution to the invasion, virulence, and colonization of both viral and bacterial host cell infections is also discussed. Many unmet clinical needs remain, and data to date suggest the future use of sphingolipid-targeted therapy to regulate bone dysfunction due to a variety of diseases or infection are highly promising. However, deciphering the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of this diverse and extremely complex sphingolipidome, both in terms of bone health and disease, is considered the next frontier in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouska Seal
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Megan Hughes
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Fei Wei
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Abinaya S Pugazhendhi
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Christopher Ngo
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Jonathan Ruiz
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | | | - Melanie J Coathup
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
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5
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Alkafaas SS, Abdallah AM, Hassan MH, Hussien AM, Elkafas SS, Loutfy SA, Mikhail A, Murad OG, Elsalahaty MI, Hessien M, Elshazli RM, Alsaeed FA, Ahmed AE, Kamal HK, Hafez W, El-Saadony MT, El-Tarabily KA, Ghosh S. Molecular docking as a tool for the discovery of novel insight about the role of acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors in SARS- CoV-2 infectivity. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:395. [PMID: 38321448 PMCID: PMC10848368 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants, caused > 6 million deaths. Symptoms included respiratory strain and complications, leading to severe pneumonia. SARS-CoV-2 attaches to the ACE-2 receptor of the host cell membrane to enter. Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 entry may effectively inhibit infection. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) is a lysosomal protein that catalyzes the conversion of sphingolipid (sphingomyelin) to ceramide. Ceramide molecules aggregate/assemble on the plasma membrane to form "platforms" that facilitate the viral intake into the cell. Impairing the ASMase activity will eventually disrupt viral entry into the cell. In this review, we identified the metabolism of sphingolipids, sphingolipids' role in cell signal transduction cascades, and viral infection mechanisms. Also, we outlined ASMase structure and underlying mechanisms inhibiting viral entry 40 with the aid of inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMAs). In silico molecular docking analyses of FIASMAs with inhibitors revealed that dilazep (S = - 12.58 kcal/mol), emetine (S = - 11.65 kcal/mol), pimozide (S = - 11.29 kcal/mol), carvedilol (S = - 11.28 kcal/mol), mebeverine (S = - 11.14 kcal/mol), cepharanthine (S = - 11.06 kcal/mol), hydroxyzin (S = - 10.96 kcal/mol), astemizole (S = - 10.81 kcal/mol), sertindole (S = - 10.55 kcal/mol), and bepridil (S = - 10.47 kcal/mol) have higher inhibition activity than the candidate drug amiodarone (S = - 10.43 kcal/mol), making them better options for inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sami Alkafaas
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Abanoub Mosaad Abdallah
- Narcotic Research Department, National Center for Social and Criminological Research (NCSCR), Giza, 11561, Egypt
| | - Mai H Hassan
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Aya Misbah Hussien
- Biotechnology department at Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sara Samy Elkafas
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menofia University, Menofia, Egypt
- Faculty of Control System and Robotics, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Samah A Loutfy
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Nanotechnology Research Center, British University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abanoub Mikhail
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Faculty of Physics, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Omnia G Murad
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Elsalahaty
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hessien
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Rami M Elshazli
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Unit, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Fatimah A Alsaeed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Muhayl, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani K Kamal
- Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael Hafez
- NMC Royal Hospital, 16Th Street, 35233, Khalifa City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Medical Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The National Research Centre, 12622, 33 El Buhouth St, Ad Doqi, Dokki, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
- Natural & Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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6
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Hou J, Wei Y, Zou J, Jaffery R, Sun L, Liang S, Zheng N, Guerrero AM, Egan NA, Bohat R, Chen S, Zheng C, Mao X, Yi SS, Chen K, McGrail DJ, Sahni N, Shi PY, Chen Y, Xie X, Peng W. Integrated multi-omics analyses identify anti-viral host factors and pathways controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun 2024; 15:109. [PMID: 38168026 PMCID: PMC10761986 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Host anti-viral factors are essential for controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection but remain largely unknown due to the biases of previous large-scale studies toward pro-viral host factors. To fill in this knowledge gap, we perform a genome-wide CRISPR dropout screen and integrate analyses of the multi-omics data of the CRISPR screen, genome-wide association studies, single-cell RNA-Seq, and host-virus proteins or protein/RNA interactome. This study uncovers many host factors that are currently underappreciated, including the components of V-ATPases, ESCRT, and N-glycosylation pathways that modulate viral entry and/or replication. The cohesin complex is also identified as an anti-viral pathway, suggesting an important role of three-dimensional chromatin organization in mediating host-viral interaction. Furthermore, we discover another anti-viral regulator KLF5, a transcriptional factor involved in sphingolipid metabolism, which is up-regulated, and harbors genetic variations linked to COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms. Anti-viral effects of three identified candidates (DAZAP2/VTA1/KLF5) are confirmed individually. Molecular characterization of DAZAP2/VTA1/KLF5-knockout cells highlights the involvement of genes related to the coagulation system in determining the severity of COVID-19. Together, our results provide further resources for understanding the host anti-viral network during SARS-CoV-2 infection and may help develop new countermeasure strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakai Hou
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yanjun Wei
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Zou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Roshni Jaffery
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Long Sun
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Shaoheng Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ningbo Zheng
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashley M Guerrero
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas A Egan
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ritu Bohat
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Caishang Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaobo Mao
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Stephen Yi
- Department of Oncology, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Programs (ILSGP) and Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences (ICES), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ken Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J McGrail
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nidhi Sahni
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Sealy Center for Structural Biology & Molecular Biophysics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Institute for Translational Science, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Sealy Institute for Drug Discovery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Quantitative Sciences Program, MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Xuping Xie
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
- Sealy Institute for Drug Discovery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Weiyi Peng
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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7
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Chen S, Liang J, Chen D, Huang Q, Sun K, Zhong Y, Lin B, Kong J, Sun J, Gong C, Wang J, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Sun H. Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomic and proteomic characterization of neurologic post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:209-222. [PMID: 37858739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 causes neurological post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (neuro-PASC) remains unclear. Herein, we conducted proteomic and metabolomic analyses of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 21 neuro-PASC patients, 45 healthy volunteers, and 26 inflammatory neurological diseases patients. Our data showed 69 differentially expressed metabolites and six differentially expressed proteins between neuro-PASC patients and healthy individuals. Elevated sphinganine and ST1A1, sphingolipid metabolism disorder, and attenuated inflammatory responses may contribute to the occurrence of neuro-PASC, whereas decreased levels of 7,8-dihydropterin and activation of steroid hormone biosynthesis may play a role in the repair process. Additionally, a biomarker cohort consisting of sphinganine, 7,8-dihydroneopterin, and ST1A1 was preliminarily demonstrated to have high value in diagnosing neuro-PASC. In summary, our study represents the first attempt to integrate the diagnostic benefits of CSF with the methodological advantages of multi-omics, thereby offering valuable insights into the pathogenesis of neuro-PASC and facilitating the work of neuroscientists in disclosing different neurological dimensions associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilan Chen
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jianhao Liang
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Dingqiang Chen
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Qiyuan Huang
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Kaijian Sun
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yuxia Zhong
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Baojia Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jingjing Kong
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jiaduo Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Chengfang Gong
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Qingguo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| | - Haitao Sun
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Khan RJ, Single SL, Simmons CS, Athar M, Liu Y, Bodduluri S, Benson PV, Goliwas KF, Deshane JS. Altered sphingolipid pathway in SARS-CoV-2 infected human lung tissue. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1216278. [PMID: 37868972 PMCID: PMC10585362 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The SARS-CoV-2 mediated COVID-19 pandemic has impacted millions worldwide. Hyper-inflammatory processes, including cytokine storm, contribute to long-standing tissue injury and damage in COVID-19. The metabolism of sphingolipids as regulators of cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation has been implicated in inflammatory signaling and cytokine responses. Sphingosine-kinase-1 (SK1) and ceramide-synthase-2 (CERS2) generate metabolites that regulate the anti- and pro-apoptotic processes, respectively. Alterations in SK1 and CERS2 expression may contribute to the inflammation and tissue damage during COVID-19. The central objective of this study is to evaluate structural changes in the lung post-SARS-CoV-2 infection and to investigate whether the sphingolipid rheostat is altered in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods Central and peripheral lung tissues from COVID-19+ or control autopsies and resected lung tissue from COVID-19 convalescents were subjected to histologic evaluation of airspace and collagen deposisiton, and immunohistochemical evaluation of SK1 and CERS2. Results Here, we report significant reduction in air space and increase in collagen deposition in lung autopsy tissues from patients who died from COVID-19 (COVID-19+) and COVID-19 convalescent individuals. SK1 expression increased in the lungs of COVID-19+ autopsies and COVID-19 convalescent lung tissue compared to controls and was mostly associated with Type II pneumocytes and alveolar macrophages. No significant difference in CERS2 expression was noted. SARS-CoV-2 infection upregulates SK1 and increases the ratio of SK1 to CERS2 expression in lung tissues of COVID-19 autopsies and COVID-19 convalescents. Discussion These data suggest an alteration in the sphingolipid rheostat in lung tissue during COVID-19, suggesting a potential contribution to the inflammation and tissue damage associated with viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabisa J. Khan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sierra L. Single
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christopher S. Simmons
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Yuelong Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sandeep Bodduluri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Paul V. Benson
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Kayla F. Goliwas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jessy S. Deshane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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9
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Batiha GES, Al-Gareeb AI, Al-Harcan NAH, Welson NN. Receptor-dependent effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in COVID-19: the black side of the moon. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2271-2279. [PMID: 36652045 PMCID: PMC9848039 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to hyper-inflammation and amplified immune response in severe cases that may progress to cytokine storm and multi-organ injuries like acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury. In addition to pro-inflammatory cytokines, different mediators are involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and infection, such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive lipid found at a high level in plasma, and it is synthesized from sphingomyelin by the action of sphingosine kinase. It is involved in inflammation, immunity, angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and lymphocyte trafficking through G-protein coupled S1P receptors. Reduction of the circulating S1P level correlates with COVID-19 severity. S1P binding to sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) elicits endothelial protection and anti-inflammatory effects during SARS-CoV-2 infection, by limiting excessive INF-α response and hindering mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B action. However, binding to S1PR2 opposes the effect of S1PR1 with vascular inflammation, endothelial permeability, and dysfunction as the concomitant outcome. This binding also promotes nod-like receptor pyrin 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, causing liver inflammation and fibrogenesis. Thus, higher expression of macrophage S1PR2 contributes to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, S1PR1 agonists and S1PR2 antagonists might effectively manage COVID-19 and its severe effects. Further studies are recommended to elucidate the potential conflict in the effects of S1P in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nasser A Hadi Al-Harcan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Rasheed University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Nermeen N Welson
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
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10
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Fenizia S, Gaggini M, Vassalle C. The Sphingolipid-Signaling Pathway as a Modulator of Infection by SARS-CoV-2. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7956-7973. [PMID: 37886946 PMCID: PMC10605018 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides and other related sphingolipids, important cellular components linked to metabolic homeostasis and cardiometabolic diseases, have been found to be involved in different steps of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle. Hence, changes in their physiological levels are identified as predictors of COVID-19 severity and prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets. In this review, an overview of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle is given, followed by a description of the sphingolipid metabolism and its role in viral infection, with a particular focus on those steps required to finalize the viral life cycle. Furthermore, the use and development of pharmaceutical strategies to target sphingolipids to prevent and treat severe and long-term symptoms of infectious diseases, particularly COVID-19, are reviewed herein. Finally, research perspectives and current challenges in this research field are highlighted. Although many aspects of sphingolipid metabolism are not fully known, this review aims to highlight how the discovery and use of molecules targeting sphingolipids with reliable and selective properties may offer new therapeutic alternatives to infectious and other diseases, including COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Fenizia
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Italian National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Melania Gaggini
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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11
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Albóniga OE, Moreno E, Martínez-Sanz J, Vizcarra P, Ron R, Díaz-Álvarez J, Rosas Cancio-Suarez M, Sánchez-Conde M, Galán JC, Angulo S, Moreno S, Barbas C, Serrano-Villar S. Differential abundance of lipids and metabolites related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and susceptibility. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15124. [PMID: 37704651 PMCID: PMC10500013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms driving SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility remain poorly understood, especially the factors determining why unvaccinated individuals remain uninfected despite high-risk exposures. To understand lipid and metabolite profiles related with COVID-19 susceptibility and disease progression. We collected samples from an exceptional group of unvaccinated healthcare workers heavily exposed to SARS-CoV-2 but not infected ('non-susceptible') and subjects who became infected during the follow-up ('susceptible'), including non-hospitalized and hospitalized patients with different disease severity providing samples at early disease stages. Then, we analyzed their plasma metabolomic profiles using mass spectrometry coupled with liquid and gas chromatography. We show specific lipids profiles and metabolites that could explain SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 severity. More importantly, non-susceptible individuals show a unique lipidomic pattern characterized by the upregulation of most lipids, especially ceramides and sphingomyelin, which could be interpreted as markers of low susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study strengthens the findings of other researchers about the importance of studying lipid profiles as relevant markers of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oihane E Albóniga
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Moreno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martínez-Sanz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Vizcarra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Ron
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Díaz-Álvarez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rosas Cancio-Suarez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matilde Sánchez-Conde
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Galán
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Angulo
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Moreno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Serrano-Villar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km 9.100, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Sun G, Wang B, Zhu H, Ye J, Liu X. Role of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in sepsis-associated intestinal injury. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1265398. [PMID: 37746079 PMCID: PMC10514503 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1265398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a widespread lipid signaling molecule that binds to five sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) to regulate downstream signaling pathways. Sepsis can cause intestinal injury and intestinal injury can aggravate sepsis. Thus, intestinal injury and sepsis are mutually interdependent. S1P is more abundant in intestinal tissues as compared to other tissues, exerts anti-inflammatory effects, promotes immune cell trafficking, and protects the intestinal barrier. Despite the clinical importance of S1P in inflammation, with a very well-defined mechanism in inflammatory bowel disease, their role in sepsis-induced intestinal injury has been relatively unexplored. In addition to regulating lymphocyte exit, the S1P-S1PR pathway has been implicated in the gut microbiota, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and immune cells in the lamina propria. This review mainly elaborates on the physiological role of S1P in sepsis, focusing on intestinal injury. We introduce the generation and metabolism of S1P, emphasize the maintenance of intestinal barrier homeostasis in sepsis, and the protective effect of S1P in the intestine. We also review the link between sepsis-induced intestinal injury and S1P-S1PRs signaling, as well as the underlying mechanisms of action. Finally, we discuss how S1PRs affect intestinal function and become targets for future drug development to improve the translational capacity of preclinical studies to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehui Sun
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongquan Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junming Ye
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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13
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Toro DM, da Silva-Neto PV, de Carvalho JCS, Fuzo CA, Pérez MM, Pimentel VE, Fraga-Silva TFC, Oliveira CNS, Caruso GR, Vilela AFL, Nobre-Azevedo P, Defelippo-Felippe TV, Argolo JGM, Degiovani AM, Ostini FM, Feitosa MR, Parra RS, Vilar FC, Gaspar GG, da Rocha JJR, Feres O, Costa GP, Maruyama SRC, Russo EMS, Fernandes APM, Santos IKFM, Malheiro A, Sadikot RT, Bonato VLD, Cardoso CRB, Dias-Baruffi M, Trapé ÁA, Faccioli LH, Sorgi CA. Plasma Sphingomyelin Disturbances: Unveiling Its Dual Role as a Crucial Immunopathological Factor and a Severity Prognostic Biomarker in COVID-19. Cells 2023; 12:1938. [PMID: 37566018 PMCID: PMC10417089 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers distinct patterns of disease development characterized by significant alterations in host regulatory responses. Severe cases exhibit profound lung inflammation and systemic repercussions. Remarkably, critically ill patients display a "lipid storm", influencing the inflammatory process and tissue damage. Sphingolipids (SLs) play pivotal roles in various cellular and tissue processes, including inflammation, metabolic disorders, and cancer. In this study, we employed high-resolution mass spectrometry to investigate SL metabolism in plasma samples obtained from control subjects (n = 55), COVID-19 patients (n = 204), and convalescent individuals (n = 77). These data were correlated with inflammatory parameters associated with the clinical severity of COVID-19. Additionally, we utilized RNAseq analysis to examine the gene expression of enzymes involved in the SL pathway. Our analysis revealed the presence of thirty-eight SL species from seven families in the plasma of study participants. The most profound alterations in the SL species profile were observed in patients with severe disease. Notably, a predominant sphingomyelin (SM d18:1) species emerged as a potential biomarker for COVID-19 severity, showing decreased levels in the plasma of convalescent individuals. Elevated SM levels were positively correlated with age, hospitalization duration, clinical score, and neutrophil count, as well as the production of IL-6 and IL-8. Intriguingly, we identified a putative protective effect against disease severity mediated by SM (d18:1/24:0), while ceramide (Cer) species (d18:1/24:1) and (d18:1/24:0)were associated with increased risk. Moreover, we observed the enhanced expression of key enzymes involved in the SL pathway in blood cells from severe COVID-19 patients, suggesting a primary flow towards Cer generation in tandem with SM synthesis. These findings underscore the potential of SM as a prognostic biomarker for COVID-19 and highlight promising pharmacological targets. By targeting sphingolipid pathways, novel therapeutic strategies may emerge to mitigate the severity of COVID-19 and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Mota Toro
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology–PPGIBA, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas–UFAM, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil;
| | - Pedro V. da Silva-Neto
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology–PPGIBA, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas–UFAM, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil;
| | - Jonatan C. S. de Carvalho
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto–FFCLRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (A.F.L.V.); (P.N.-A.); (T.V.D.-F.)
| | - Carlos A. Fuzo
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
| | - Malena M. Pérez
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
| | - Vinícius E. Pimentel
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.C.F.-S.); (I.K.F.M.S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Thais F. C. Fraga-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.C.F.-S.); (I.K.F.M.S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Camilla N. S. Oliveira
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.C.F.-S.); (I.K.F.M.S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Glaucia R. Caruso
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
| | - Adriana F. L. Vilela
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto–FFCLRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (A.F.L.V.); (P.N.-A.); (T.V.D.-F.)
| | - Pedro Nobre-Azevedo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto–FFCLRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (A.F.L.V.); (P.N.-A.); (T.V.D.-F.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.C.F.-S.); (I.K.F.M.S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Thiago V. Defelippo-Felippe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto–FFCLRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (A.F.L.V.); (P.N.-A.); (T.V.D.-F.)
| | - Jamille G. M. Argolo
- Department of General and Specialized Nursing, School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto–EERP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil; (J.G.M.A.); (A.P.M.F.)
| | - Augusto M. Degiovani
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14085-000, SP, Brazil; (A.M.D.); (F.M.O.)
| | - Fátima M. Ostini
- Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto 14085-000, SP, Brazil; (A.M.D.); (F.M.O.)
| | - Marley R. Feitosa
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (R.S.P.); (J.J.R.d.R.); (O.F.)
- Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14025-100, SP, Brazil;
| | - Rogerio S. Parra
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (R.S.P.); (J.J.R.d.R.); (O.F.)
- Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14025-100, SP, Brazil;
| | - Fernando C. Vilar
- Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14025-100, SP, Brazil;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Gilberto G. Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - José J. R. da Rocha
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (R.S.P.); (J.J.R.d.R.); (O.F.)
| | - Omar Feres
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto-FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (R.S.P.); (J.J.R.d.R.); (O.F.)
- Hospital São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14025-100, SP, Brazil;
| | - Gabriel P. Costa
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil; (G.P.C.); (Á.A.T.)
| | - Sandra R. C. Maruyama
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;
| | - Elisa M. S. Russo
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
| | - Ana Paula M. Fernandes
- Department of General and Specialized Nursing, School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto–EERP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil; (J.G.M.A.); (A.P.M.F.)
| | - Isabel K. F. M. Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.C.F.-S.); (I.K.F.M.S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Adriana Malheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology–PPGIBA, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas–UFAM, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil;
| | - Ruxana T. Sadikot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Vânia L. D. Bonato
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.C.F.-S.); (I.K.F.M.S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Cristina R. B. Cardoso
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
| | - Átila A. Trapé
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil; (G.P.C.); (Á.A.T.)
| | - Lúcia H. Faccioli
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto–FCFRP, University of Sao Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (D.M.T.); (P.V.d.S.-N.); (J.C.S.d.C.); (C.A.F.); (M.M.P.); (V.E.P.); (C.N.S.O.); (G.R.C.); (E.M.S.R.); (C.R.B.C.); (M.D.-B.); (L.H.F.)
| | - Carlos A. Sorgi
- Postgraduate Program in Basic and Applied Immunology–PPGIBA, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas–UFAM, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto–FFCLRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; (A.F.L.V.); (P.N.-A.); (T.V.D.-F.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto–FMRP, University of São Paulo–USP, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.C.F.-S.); (I.K.F.M.S.); (V.L.D.B.)
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14
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Planes R, Bahraoui E. HIV and SIV Envelope Glycoproteins Interact with Glycolipids and Lipids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11730. [PMID: 37511488 PMCID: PMC10380495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrates that, in addition to interacting with galactosylceramide (GalCer), HIV-1, HIV-2, and SIV envelope glycoproteins are able to interact with glucosylceramide (GlcCer), lactosylceramide (LacCer), and ceramide. These interactions were characterized by using three complementary approaches based on molecular binding and physicochemical assays. The binding assays showed that iodinated radiolabeled HIV-1 and HIV-2 glycoproteins (125I-gp) interact physically with GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide previously separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) or directly coated on a flexible 96-well plate. These interactions are specific as demonstrated, on the one hand, by the dose-dependent inhibition in the presence of various dilutions of immune, but not non-immune, sera, and, on the other hand, by the absence of interaction of these glycolipids/lipids with 125I-IgG used as an unrelated control protein. These interactions were further confirmed in a physicochemical assay, based on the capacity of these glycolipids for insertion in a pre-established monomolecular film, as a model of the cell membrane, with each glycolipid/lipid. The addition of HIV envelope glycoproteins, but not ovomucoid protein used as a negative control, resulted in a rapid increase in surface pressure of the glycolipid/lipid films, thus indirectly confirming their interactions with GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide. In summary, we show that HIV and SIV envelope glycoproteins bind to GalCer, GlcCer, LacCer, and ceramide in a dose-dependent, saturable, and specific manner. These interactions may function as receptors of attachment in order to facilitate infection of CD4 low or negative cells or promote interactions with other receptors leading to the activation of signaling pathways or pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Planes
- INFINITY, INSERM, CNRS, CHU Purpan Toulouse, 31024 Toulouse, France
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15
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Lu S, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Wang J, Li H, Lin Y, Wang D, Xian J, Zhao S, Ma J, Zhu Z, Yang S, Meng Q, Kang Y, Chen B, Li W. Metatranscriptomic analysis revealed Prevotella as a potential biomarker of oropharyngeal microbiomes in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1161763. [PMID: 37333851 PMCID: PMC10272425 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1161763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Disease severity and prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease with other viral infections can be affected by the oropharyngeal microbiome. However, limited research had been carried out to uncover how these diseases are differentially affected by the oropharyngeal microbiome of the patient. Here, we aimed to explore the characteristics of the oropharyngeal microbiota of COVID-19 patients and compare them with those of patients with similar symptoms. Methods COVID-19 was diagnosed in patients through the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Characterization of the oropharyngeal microbiome was performed by metatranscriptomic sequencing analyses of oropharyngeal swab specimens from 144 COVID-19 patients, 100 patients infected with other viruses, and 40 healthy volunteers. Results The oropharyngeal microbiome diversity in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection was different from that of patients with other infections. Prevotella and Aspergillus could play a role in the differentiation between patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and patients with other infections. Prevotella could also influence the prognosis of COVID-19 through a mechanism that potentially involved the sphingolipid metabolism regulation pathway. Conclusion The oropharyngeal microbiome characterization was different between SARS-CoV-2 infection and infections caused by other viruses. Prevotella could act as a biomarker for COVID-19 diagnosis and of host immune response evaluation in SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition, the cross-talk among Prevotella, SARS-CoV-2, and sphingolipid metabolism pathways could provide a basis for the precise diagnosis, prevention, control, and treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifen Lu
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongzhao Zhou
- Department of Integrated Care Management Center, Frontier Science Center of Disease Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Hu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Honghao Li
- Department of Hospital Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifei Lin
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Denian Wang
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinghong Xian
- Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengmei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinmin Ma
- Beijing Genomics Institution (BGI)-PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, Beijing Genomics Institution (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhu
- Beijing Genomics Institution (BGI)-PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology, Beijing Genomics Institution (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shengying Yang
- Department of Computer and Software, Jincheng College of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinghui Meng
- Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center, Beijing Research Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Kang
- Institute of Environmental Information, Chinese Research academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bojiang Chen
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Integrated Care Management Center, Frontier Science Center of Disease Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Pauletto PJT, Delgado CP, da Rocha JBT. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) and COVID-19: A review of the potential use of ASM inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:284-295. [PMID: 36929117 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
In the last 2 years, different pharmacological agents have been indicated as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Specifically, drugs termed as functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMAs) have proved to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 replication using different types of cells. Those therapeutic agents share several chemical structure characteristics and some well-known representatives are fluoxetine, escitalopram, fluvoxamine, and others. Most of the FIASMAs are primarily used as effective therapeutic agents to treat different pathologies, therefore, they are natural drug candidates for repositioning strategy. In this review, we summarize the two main proposed mechanisms mediating acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) inhibition and how they can explain the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication by FIASMAs. The first mechanism implies a disruption in the lysosomal pH fall as the endosome-lysosome moves toward the interior of the cell. In fact, changes in cholesterol levels in endosome-lysosome membranes, which are associated with ASM inhibition is thought to be mediated by lysosomal proton pump (ATP-ase) inactivation. The second mechanism involves the formation of an extracellular ceramide-rich domain, which is blocked by FIASMAs. The ceramide-rich domains are believed to facilitate the SARS-CoV-2 entrance into the host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro José Tronco Pauletto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cassia Pereira Delgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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17
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Hashimoto K. Overview of the potential use of fluvoxamine for COVID-19 and long COVID. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 3:9. [PMID: 36968793 PMCID: PMC10029802 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented a serious worldwide threat to public health since its emergence in late 2019. From a safety point of view, drug repurposing has received particular attention. Several clinical studies have demonstrated that the use of fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with potent sigma-1 receptor agonism, in the early-stage of infection might be associated with the prevention of clinical deterioration in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection, although several reports have shown that a low dose of fluvoxamine may be ineffective. There is increasing evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can cross the blood–brain barrier, resulting in a number of psychiatric and neurologic symptoms in COVID-19 survivors. Importantly, about half of COVID-19 survivors experience a variety of long-term sequelae, including psychiatric and neurologic symptoms, known as long COVID. In this priority review, the author presents an overview of the potential use of fluvoxamine in the treatment of COVID-19 and long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Hashimoto
- grid.411500.1Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
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18
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Teodori L, Osimani B, Isidoro C, Ramakrishna S. Mass versus personalized medicine against COVID-19 in the "system sciences" era. Cytometry A 2022; 101:995-999. [PMID: 35716116 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The importance of personalized/precision medicine for targeted therapies and improved outcomes both in terms of efficacy and safety in health care is by now grounded. We here discuss the current landscape of personalized medicine approaches against SARS-CoV-2. A schematic of the approach is illustrated in the figure in the text.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Teodori
- Laboratory of Diagnostics and Metrology, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Osimani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Zhu T, Jin J, Chen M, Chen Y. The impact of infection with COVID-19 on the respiratory microbiome: A narrative review. Virulence 2022; 13:1076-1087. [PMID: 35763685 PMCID: PMC9794016 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2090071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has affected millions of individuals with various implications. Consistent with the crucial role of the microbiome in determining health and disease in humans, various studies have investigated the gut and respiratory microbiome effect on the COVID-19. Microbiota dysbiosis might support the entry, replication, and establishment of SARS-CoV-2 infection by modulating various mechanisms. One of the main mechanisms that the modulation of respiratory microbiota composition during the COVID-19 infection affects the magnitude of the disease is changes in innate and acquired immune responses, including inflammatory markers and cytokines and B- and T-cells. The diversity of respiratory microbiota in COVID-19 patients is controversial; some studies reported low microbial diversity, while others found high diversity, suggesting the role of respiratory microbiota in this disease. Modulating microbiota diversity and profile by supplementations and nutrients can be applied prophylactic and therapeutic in combating COVID-19. Here, we discussed the lung microbiome dysbiosis during various lung diseases and its interaction with immune cells, focusing on COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiping Zhu
- Internal Medicine Department, Chun’an Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Jin
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minhua Chen
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,CONTACT Minhua Chen
| | - Yingjun Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tiantai People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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20
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Trivedi VS, Magnusen AF, Rani R, Marsili L, Slavotinek AM, Prows DR, Hopkin RJ, McKay MA, Pandey MK. Targeting the Complement-Sphingolipid System in COVID-19 and Gaucher Diseases: Evidence for a New Treatment Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14340. [PMID: 36430817 PMCID: PMC9695449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced disease (COVID-19) and Gaucher disease (GD) exhibit upregulation of complement 5a (C5a) and its C5aR1 receptor, and excess synthesis of glycosphingolipids that lead to increased infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells, resulting in massive generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. This C5a-C5aR1-glycosphingolipid pathway- induced pro-inflammatory environment causes the tissue damage in COVID-19 and GD. Strikingly, pharmaceutically targeting the C5a-C5aR1 axis or the glycosphingolipid synthesis pathway led to a reduction in glycosphingolipid synthesis and innate and adaptive immune inflammation, and protection from the tissue destruction in both COVID-19 and GD. These results reveal a common involvement of the complement and glycosphingolipid systems driving immune inflammation and tissue damage in COVID-19 and GD, respectively. It is therefore expected that combined targeting of the complement and sphingolipid pathways could ameliorate the tissue destruction, organ failure, and death in patients at high-risk of developing severe cases of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyoma Snehal Trivedi
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Albert Frank Magnusen
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Reena Rani
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Luca Marsili
- Department of Neurology, James J. and Joan A. Gardner Center for Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders, University of Cincinnati, 3113 Bellevue Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Anne Michele Slavotinek
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Daniel Ray Prows
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Robert James Hopkin
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Mary Ashley McKay
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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21
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Gourari I, Gomi R, Young M, Jordan G, Liongson M, Heras A, Gerber LM, Thomas C, Tsirilakis K, Ono J, Narula P, Ketas T, Moore JP, Worgall S, Permaul P. Asthma 17q21 polymorphism associates with decreased risk of COVID-19 in children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2855-2860. [PMID: 35932217 PMCID: PMC9538222 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioulia Gourari
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Rika Gomi
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Madeline Young
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Geancarlo Jordan
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Madeline Liongson
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Andrea Heras
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Linda M. Gerber
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Charlene Thomas
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Kalliope Tsirilakis
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jennie Ono
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Pramod Narula
- Department of Pediatrics, New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Thomas Ketas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - John P. Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Stefan Worgall
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Perdita Permaul
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Drukier Institute for Children’s Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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22
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Lipid Raft Integrity and Cellular Cholesterol Homeostasis Are Critical for SARS-CoV-2 Entry into Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163417. [PMID: 36014919 PMCID: PMC9415163 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts in cell plasma membranes play a critical role in the life cycle of many viruses. However, the involvement of membrane cholesterol-rich lipid rafts in the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) into target cells is not well known. In this study, we investigated whether the presence of cholesterol-rich microdomains is required for the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells. Our results show that depletion of cholesterol in the rafts by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MβCD) treatment impaired the expression of the cell surface receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), resulting in a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. The effects exerted by MβCD could be substantially reversed by exogenous cholesterol replenishment. In contrast, disturbance of intracellular cholesterol homeostasis by statins or siRNA knockdown of key genes involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis and transport pathways reduced SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. Our study also reveals that SREBP2-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis is involved in the process of SARS-CoV-2 entry in target cells. These results suggest that the host membrane cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts and cellular cholesterol homeostasis are essential for SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. Pharmacological manipulation of intracellular cholesterol might provide new therapeutic strategies to alleviate SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells.
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23
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Yousefi M, Lee WS, Yan B, Cui L, Yong CL, Yap X, Tay KSL, Qiao W, Tan D, Nurazmi NI, Linster M, Smith GJD, Lee YH, Carette JE, Ooi EE, Chan KR, Ooi YS. TMEM41B and VMP1 modulate cellular lipid and energy metabolism for facilitating dengue virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010763. [PMID: 35939522 PMCID: PMC9387935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane Protein 41B (TMEM41B) and Vacuole Membrane Protein 1 (VMP1) are two ER-associated lipid scramblases that play a role in autophagosome formation and cellular lipid metabolism. TMEM41B is also a recently validated host factor required by flaviviruses and coronaviruses. However, the exact underlying mechanism of TMEM41B in promoting viral infections remains an open question. Here, we validated that both TMEM41B and VMP1 are essential host dependency factors for all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) and human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), but not chikungunya virus (CHIKV). While HCoV-OC43 failed to replicate entirely in both TMEM41B- and VMP1-deficient cells, we detected diminished levels of DENV infections in these cell lines, which were accompanied by upregulation of the innate immune dsRNA sensors, RIG-I and MDA5. Nonetheless, this upregulation did not correspondingly induce the downstream effector TBK1 activation and Interferon-beta expression. Despite low levels of DENV replication, classical DENV replication organelles were undetectable in the infected TMEM41B-deficient cells, suggesting that the upregulation of the dsRNA sensors is likely a consequence of aberrant viral replication rather than a causal factor for reduced DENV infection. Intriguingly, we uncovered that the inhibitory effect of TMEM41B deficiency on DENV replication, but not HCoV-OC43, can be partially reversed using exogenous fatty acid supplements. In contrast, VMP1 deficiency cannot be rescued using the metabolite treatment. In line with the observed phenotypes, we found that both TMEM41B- and VMP1-deficient cells harbor higher levels of compromised mitochondria, especially in VMP1 deficiency which results in severe dysregulations of mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Using a metabolomic profiling approach, we revealed distinctive global dysregulations of the cellular metabolome, particularly lipidome, in TMEM41B- and VMP1-deficient cells. Our findings highlight a central role for TMEM41B and VMP1 in modulating multiple cellular pathways, including lipid mobilization, mitochondrial beta-oxidation, and global metabolic regulations, to facilitate the replication of flaviviruses and coronaviruses. Given the concerns over potential global health burdens imposed by endless emerging and re-emerging viruses as well as the limited therapeutic options to intervene, host-directed therapeutics can serve as a promising approach to broadly prepare for future pandemics. TMEM41B and VMP1 have been demonstrated as essential host factors for at least two unrelated groups of clinically important RNA viruses with outbreak potential. Therefore these ER membrane proteins could potentially serve as cellular targets for developing host-directed therapeutics. However, the effort must be first supported by a comprehensive understanding of their function in viral infection. Here, we dissected the role of TMEM41B and VMP1 in dengue virus infection, showing that both these proteins are crucial for the normal functionality of mitochondria and the regulation of cellular metabolites. We further provided evidence that these metabolic roles contribute to TMEM41B and VMP1 essentiality in dengue virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meisam Yousefi
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Suet Lee
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Biaoguo Yan
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Cui
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cythia Lingli Yong
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin Yap
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwan Sing Leona Tay
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wenjie Qiao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Dewei Tan
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nur Insyirah Nurazmi
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Martin Linster
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin J. D. Smith
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yie Hou Lee
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
- KK Research Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jan E. Carette
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (EEO); (KRC); (YSO)
| | - Kuan Rong Chan
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (EEO); (KRC); (YSO)
| | - Yaw Shin Ooi
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (EEO); (KRC); (YSO)
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24
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Buyukozkan M, Alvarez-Mulett S, Racanelli AC, Schmidt F, Batra R, Hoffman KL, Sarwath H, Engelke R, Gomez-Escobar L, Simmons W, Benedetti E, Chetnik K, Zhang G, Schenck E, Suhre K, Choi JJ, Zhao Z, Racine-Brzostek S, Yang HS, Choi ME, Choi AM, Cho SJ, Krumsiek J. Integrative metabolomic and proteomic signatures define clinical outcomes in severe COVID-19. iScience 2022; 25:104612. [PMID: 35756895 PMCID: PMC9212983 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has ravaged global healthcare with previously unseen levels of morbidity and mortality. In this study, we performed large-scale integrative multi-omics analyses of serum obtained from COVID-19 patients with the goal of uncovering novel pathogenic complexities of this disease and identifying molecular signatures that predict clinical outcomes. We assembled a network of protein-metabolite interactions through targeted metabolomic and proteomic profiling in 330 COVID-19 patients compared to 97 non-COVID, hospitalized controls. Our network identified distinct protein-metabolite cross talk related to immune modulation, energy and nucleotide metabolism, vascular homeostasis, and collagen catabolism. Additionally, our data linked multiple proteins and metabolites to clinical indices associated with long-term mortality and morbidity. Finally, we developed a novel composite outcome measure for COVID-19 disease severity based on metabolomics data. The model predicts severe disease with a concordance index of around 0.69, and shows high predictive power of 0.83-0.93 in two independent datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Buyukozkan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center and Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sergio Alvarez-Mulett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexandra C. Racanelli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank Schmidt
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine – Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Richa Batra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center and Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine L. Hoffman
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hina Sarwath
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine – Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rudolf Engelke
- Proteomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine – Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Luis Gomez-Escobar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Will Simmons
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa Benedetti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center and Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelsey Chetnik
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center and Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guoan Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward Schenck
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine – Qatar, Education City, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Justin J. Choi
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - He S. Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary E. Choi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Augustine M.K. Choi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soo Jung Cho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan Krumsiek
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center and Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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25
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Mas M, García-Vicente JA, Estrada-Gelonch A, Pérez-Mañá C, Papaseit E, Torrens M, Farré M. Antidepressant Drugs and COVID-19: A Review of Basic and Clinical Evidence. J Clin Med 2022; 11:4038. [PMID: 35887802 PMCID: PMC9319396 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged the repurposing of existing drugs as a shorter development strategy in order to support clinicians with this difficult therapeutic dilemma. There is evidence to support the theory that some antidepressants can reduce concentrations of different cytokines in humans and animals and, recently, the antiviral activity of some antidepressants against SARS-CoV-2 has been reported. The aims of this narrative review are to evaluate the possible role of antidepressants in the treatment of COVID-19 infection and the possible benefits and risks of patients taking antidepressants for mental disorders and COVID-19 infection. A review was performed to analyse the current literature to identify the role of antidepressant medication in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. The electronic search was completed in MEDLINE and MedRxiv/BioRxiv for published literature and in ClinicalTrials.gov for ongoing clinical trials. The results show some evidence from preclinical data and observational studies about the possible efficacy of some specific antidepressants for treating COVID-19 infection. In addition, two published phase II studies testing fluvoxamine showed positive results for clinical deterioration and hospitalization rate versus a placebo. Seven ongoing clinical trials testing fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, and tramadol (as per its anti-inflammatory and antidepressant effect) are still in the early phases. Although the available evidence is limited, the sum of the antiviral and anti-inflammatory preclinical studies and the results from several observational studies and two phase II clinical trials provide the basis for ongoing clinical trials evaluating the possible use of antidepressants for COVID-19 infection in humans. Further investigations will be needed to support the possible use of antidepressants for this application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mas
- Medical Writing Department, TFS Healthcare, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (A.E.-G.)
- Experimental and Health Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio García-Vicente
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (E.P.); (M.T.)
- Pharmacy Unit, Northern Metropolitan Primary Care Directorate, Catalan Institute of Health, 08911 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anaïs Estrada-Gelonch
- Medical Writing Department, TFS Healthcare, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.); (A.E.-G.)
| | - Clara Pérez-Mañá
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (E.P.); (M.T.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol and Institut de Recerca Germans Trias i Pujol (HUGTP-IGTP), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Papaseit
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (E.P.); (M.T.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol and Institut de Recerca Germans Trias i Pujol (HUGTP-IGTP), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Torrens
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (E.P.); (M.T.)
- Addiction Unit, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Parc de Salut Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magí Farré
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290 Barcelona, Spain; (C.P.-M.); (E.P.); (M.T.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol and Institut de Recerca Germans Trias i Pujol (HUGTP-IGTP), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Smith CD, Maines LW, Keller SN, Katz Ben-Yair V, Fathi R, Plasse TF, Levitt ML. Recent Progress in the Development of Opaganib for the Treatment of Covid-19. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2199-2211. [PMID: 35855741 PMCID: PMC9288228 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s367612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic driven by the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to exert extensive humanitarian and economic stress across the world. Although antivirals active against mild disease have been identified recently, new drugs to treat moderate and severe Covid-19 patients are needed. Sphingolipids regulate key pathologic processes, including viral proliferation and pathologic host inflammation. Opaganib (aka ABC294640) is a first-in-class clinical drug targeting sphingolipid metabolism for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases. Recent work demonstrates that opaganib also has antiviral activity against several viruses including SARS-CoV-2. A recently completed multinational Phase 2/3 clinical trial of opaganib in patients hospitalized with Covid-19 demonstrated that opaganib can be safely administered to these patients, and more importantly, resulted in a 62% decrease in mortality in a large subpopulation of patients with moderately severe Covid-19. Furthermore, acceleration of the clearance of the virus was observed in opaganib-treated patients. Understanding the biochemical mechanism for the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of opaganib is essential for optimizing Covid-19 treatment protocols. Opaganib inhibits three key enzymes in sphingolipid metabolism: sphingosine kinase-2 (SK2); dihydroceramide desaturase (DES1); and glucosylceramide synthase (GCS). Herein, we describe a tripartite model by which opaganib suppresses infection and replication of SARS-CoV-2 by inhibiting SK2, DES1 and GCS. The potential impact of modulation of sphingolipid signaling on multi-organ dysfunction in Covid-19 patients is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Smith
- Apogee Biotechnology Corporation, Hummelstown, PA, USA
- Correspondence: Charles D Smith, Apogee Biotechnology Corporation, 1214 Research Blvd, Suite 2015, Hummelstown, PA, 17036, USA, Tel +1 843 814 9257, Email
| | - Lynn W Maines
- Apogee Biotechnology Corporation, Hummelstown, PA, USA
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27
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Cui GY, Rao BC, Zeng ZH, Wang XM, Ren T, Wang HY, Luo H, Ren HY, Liu C, Ding SY, Tan JJ, Liu ZG, Zou YW, Ren ZG, Yu ZJ. Characterization of oral and gut microbiome and plasma metabolomics in COVID-19 patients after 1-year follow-up. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:32. [PMID: 35715833 PMCID: PMC9204369 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00387-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the outbreak and rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), more than 160 million patients have become convalescents worldwide to date. Significant alterations have occurred in the gut and oral microbiome and metabonomics of patients with COVID-19. However, it is unknown whether their characteristics return to normal after the 1-year recovery. METHODS We recruited 35 confirmed patients to provide specimens at discharge and one year later, as well as 160 healthy controls. A total of 497 samples were prospectively collected, including 219 tongue-coating, 129 stool and 149 plasma samples. Tongue-coating and stool samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing, and plasma samples were subjected to untargeted metabolomics testing. RESULTS The oral and gut microbiome and metabolomics characteristics of the 1-year convalescents were restored to a large extent but did not completely return to normal. In the recovery process, the microbial diversity gradually increased. Butyric acid-producing microbes and Bifidobacterium gradually increased, whereas lipopolysaccharide-producing microbes gradually decreased. In addition, sphingosine-1-phosphate, which is closely related to the inflammatory factor storm of COVID-19, increased significantly during the recovery process. Moreover, the predictive models established based on the microbiome and metabolites of patients at the time of discharge reached high efficacy in predicting their neutralizing antibody levels one year later. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to characterize the oral and gut microbiome and metabonomics in 1-year convalescents of COVID-19. The key microbiome and metabolites in the process of recovery were identified, and provided new treatment ideas for accelerating recovery. And the predictive models based on the microbiome and metabolomics afford new insights for predicting the recovery situation which benefited affected individuals and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ying Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province/Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ben-Chen Rao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province/Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhao-Hai Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangshan County People's Hospital, Guangshan County, Xinyang, 465450, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Mei Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province/Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tong Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hai-Yu Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province/Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangshan County People's Hospital, Guangshan County, Xinyang, 465450, Henan, China
| | - Hong-Yan Ren
- Shanghai Mobio Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201111, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Shanghai Mobio Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201111, China
| | - Su-Ying Ding
- Health Management Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jun-Jie Tan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangshan County People's Hospital, Guangshan County, Xinyang, 465450, Henan, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province/Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province/Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. .,Gene Hospital of Henan Province/Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Zu-Jiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. .,Gene Hospital of Henan Province/Precision Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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28
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Hashimoto Y, Suzuki T, Hashimoto K. Mechanisms of action of fluvoxamine for COVID-19: a historical review. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1898-1907. [PMID: 34997196 PMCID: PMC8739627 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) accelerates the discovery of prophylactic and therapeutic drugs for persons infected with the virus. Drug repurposing for the COVID-19 pandemic has received particular attention. Increasing clinical data suggest that antidepressant use in early-stage subjects with COVID-19 might be associated with a reduced risk of intubation or death. Among the antidepressants, fluvoxamine is the most attractive drug for mild to moderate subjects with COVID-19. In this article, we review the mechanisms of action (i.e., serotonin transporter, sigma-1 receptor, and acid sphingomyelinase) of fluvoxamine for COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss a possible link between maternal COVID-19 infection and a risk for neuropsychiatric disorders (i.e., autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia) in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaeko Hashimoto
- Department of Respirology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Department of Respirology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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Teixeira L, Temerozo JR, Pereira-Dutra FS, Ferreira AC, Mattos M, Gonçalves BS, Sacramento CQ, Palhinha L, Cunha-Fernandes T, Dias SSG, Soares VC, Barreto EA, Cesar-Silva D, Fintelman-Rodrigues N, Pão CRR, de Freitas CS, Reis PA, Hottz ED, Bozza FA, Bou-Habib DC, Saraiva EM, de Almeida CJG, Viola JPB, Souza TML, Bozza PT. Simvastatin Downregulates the SARS-CoV-2-Induced Inflammatory Response and Impairs Viral Infection Through Disruption of Lipid Rafts. Front Immunol 2022; 13:820131. [PMID: 35251001 PMCID: PMC8895251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.820131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a worldwide emergency caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In observational clinical studies, statins have been identified as beneficial to hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, experimental evidence of underlying statins protection against SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive. Here we reported for the first-time experimental evidence of the protective effects of simvastatin treatment both in vitro and in vivo. We found that treatment with simvastatin significantly reduced the viral replication and lung damage in vivo, delaying SARS-CoV-2-associated physiopathology and mortality in the K18-hACE2-transgenic mice model. Moreover, simvastatin also downregulated the inflammation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection in pulmonary tissue and in human neutrophils, peripheral blood monocytes, and lung epithelial Calu-3 cells in vitro, showing its potential to modulate the inflammatory response both at the site of infection and systemically. Additionally, we also observed that simvastatin affected the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection through displacing ACE2 on cell membrane lipid rafts. In conclusion, our results show that simvastatin exhibits early protective effects on SARS-CoV-2 infection by inhibiting virus cell entry and inflammatory cytokine production, through mechanisms at least in part dependent on lipid rafts disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Teixeira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jairo R. Temerozo
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Filipe S. Pereira-Dutra
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Costa Ferreira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Preclinical Research Laboratory, Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG), Nova Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Mayara Mattos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Barbara Simonson Gonçalves
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Q. Sacramento
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lohanna Palhinha
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tamires Cunha-Fernandes
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Suelen S. G. Dias
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Cardoso Soares
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Program of Immunology and Inflammation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ester A. Barreto
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniella Cesar-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natalia Fintelman-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila R. R. Pão
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caroline S. de Freitas
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia A. Reis
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Roberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eugenio D. Hottz
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando A. Bozza
- National Institute of Infectious Disease Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dumith C. Bou-Habib
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvira M. Saraiva
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis, Department of Immunology, Paulo de Goes Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cecília J. G. de Almeida
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João P. B. Viola
- Program of Immunology and Tumor Biology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Moreno L. Souza
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation on Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia T. Bozza
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Patrícia T. Bozza, ;
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Rauchman SH, Mendelson SG, Rauchman C, Kasselman LJ, Pinkhasov A, Reiss AB. Ongoing Use of SSRIs Does Not Alter Outcome in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 11:70. [PMID: 35011811 PMCID: PMC8745642 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 continues to have devastating consequences worldwide. Though vaccinations have helped reduce spread, new strains still pose a threat. Therefore, it is imperative to identify treatments that prevent severe COVID-19 infection. Recently, acute use of SSRI antidepressants in COVID+ patients was shown to reduce symptom severity. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to determine whether COVID+ patients already on SSRIs upon hospital admission had reduced mortality compared to COVID+ patients not on chronic SSRI treatment. Electronic medical records of 9044 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from six hospitals were queried for demographic and clinical information. Using R, a logistic regression model was run with mortality as the outcome and SSRI status as the exposure. In this sample, no patients admitted on SSRIs had them discontinued. There was no significant difference in the odds of dying between COVID+ patients on chronic SSRIs vs. those not taking SSRIs, after controlling for age category, gender, and race. This study shows the utility of large clinical databases in determining what commonly prescribed drugs might be useful in treating COVID-19. During pandemics due to novel infectious agents, it is critical to evaluate safety and efficacy of drugs that might be repurposed for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lora J. Kasselman
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; (L.J.K.); (A.P.); (A.B.R.)
| | - Aaron Pinkhasov
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; (L.J.K.); (A.P.); (A.B.R.)
| | - Allison B. Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; (L.J.K.); (A.P.); (A.B.R.)
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31
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Clelland CL, Ramiah K, Steinberg L, Clelland JD. Analysis of the impact of antidepressants and other medications on COVID-19 infection risk in a chronic psychiatric in-patient cohort. BJPsych Open 2021; 8:e6. [PMID: 34859759 PMCID: PMC8649363 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, patients with confirmed cases in New York State accounted for roughly 25% of total US cases, with psychiatric hospital in-patients at particularly high risk for COVID-19 infection. AIMS The beneficial effects of mental health medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), on the severity of COVID-19 disease outcomes have been documented. Protective effects against infection have also been suggested for these medications. We therefore tested the hypothesis that medication use modifies the risk of COVID-19 infection in a long-stay, chronic in-patient psychiatry setting, where the potential for exposure was likely uniform across the facility, and where these medications were routinely prescribed. METHOD This was a retrospective cohort study of an adult psychiatric facility operated by the New York State Office of Mental Health. Current medication information and COVID-19 status was collected from electronic medical records for 165 people who were in-patients during the period January to July 2020, and logistic regression was employed to model the main effects of medication use on COVID-19 infection. RESULTS A significant protective association was observed between antidepressant use and COVID-19 infection (odds ratio (OR) = 0.33, 95% CI 0.15-0.70, adjusted P < 0.05). Analysis of individual antidepressant classes showed that SSRI, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and the serotonin-2 antagonist reuptake inhibitor classes of antidepressants, drove this protective effect. Exploratory analyses of individual antidepressants demonstrated an association between lower risk of infection and fluoxetine use (P = 0.023), as well as trazodone use (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The novel finding of reduced COVID-19 infection risk for psychiatric in-patients taking antidepressants, suggests that antidepressants may be an important weapon in the continued fight against COVID-19 disease. This finding may become particularly salient for in-patient settings if vaccine-resistant strains of the virus appear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Clelland
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, USA; and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, USA
| | - Krista Ramiah
- Clinical Research Department, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, USA
| | - Louisa Steinberg
- Clinical Research Department, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, USA; and Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, USA
| | - James D Clelland
- Clinical Research Department, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, USA
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32
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Vitner EB, Avraham R, Politi B, Melamed S, Israely T. Elevation in sphingolipid upon SARS-CoV-2 infection: possible implications for COVID-19 pathology. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 5:5/1/e202101168. [PMID: 34764206 PMCID: PMC8605327 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the levels of sphingolipids early post infection. This phenomenon is reflected by increased levels of sphingolipids, including gangliosides, in infected cells, as well as in serum in a SARS-CoV-2 murine model. Understanding pathways that might impact coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) manifestations and disease outcomes is necessary for better disease management and for therapeutic development. Here, we analyzed alterations in sphingolipid (SL) levels upon infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 infection induced elevation of SL levels in both cells and sera of infected mice. A significant increase in glycosphingolipid levels was induced early post SARS-CoV-2 infection, which was essential for viral replication. This elevation could be reversed by treatment with glucosylceramide synthase inhibitors. Levels of sphinganine, sphingosine, GA1, and GM3 were significantly increased in both cells and the murine model upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. The potential involvement of SLs in COVID-19 pathology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat B Vitner
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Roy Avraham
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Boaz Politi
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Sharon Melamed
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Tomer Israely
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
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33
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Rahman MH, Rana HK, Peng S, Kibria MG, Islam MZ, Mahmud SMH, Moni MA. Bioinformatics and system biology approaches to identify pathophysiological impact of COVID-19 to the progression and severity of neurological diseases. Comput Biol Med 2021; 138:104859. [PMID: 34601390 PMCID: PMC8483812 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) still tends to propagate and increase the occurrence of COVID-19 across the globe. The clinical and epidemiological analyses indicate the link between COVID-19 and Neurological Diseases (NDs) that drive the progression and severity of NDs. Elucidating why some patients with COVID-19 influence the progression of NDs and patients with NDs who are diagnosed with COVID-19 are becoming increasingly sick, although others are not is unclear. In this research, we investigated how COVID-19 and ND interact and the impact of COVID-19 on the severity of NDs by performing transcriptomic analyses of COVID-19 and NDs samples by developing the pipeline of bioinformatics and network-based approaches. The transcriptomic study identified the contributing genes which are then filtered with cell signaling pathway, gene ontology, protein-protein interactions, transcription factor, and microRNA analysis. Identifying hub-proteins using protein-protein interactions leads to the identification of a therapeutic strategy. Additionally, the incorporation of comorbidity interactions score enhances the identification beyond simply detecting novel biological mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and its NDs comorbidities. By computing the semantic similarity between COVID-19 and each of the ND, we have found gene-based maximum semantic score between COVID-19 and Parkinson's disease, the minimum semantic score between COVID-19 and Multiple sclerosis. Similarly, we have found gene ontology-based maximum semantic score between COVID-19 and Huntington disease, minimum semantic score between COVID-19 and Epilepsy disease. Finally, we validated our findings using gold-standard databases and literature searches to determine which genes and pathways had previously been associated with COVID-19 and NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habibur Rahman
- Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Humayan Kabir Rana
- Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Silong Peng
- Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Md Golam Kibria
- Dept. of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Md Zahidul Islam
- Department of Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - S M Hasan Mahmud
- Dept. of Computer Science, American International University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Avota E, Bodem J, Chithelen J, Mandasari P, Beyersdorf N, Schneider-Schaulies J. The Manifold Roles of Sphingolipids in Viral Infections. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715527. [PMID: 34658908 PMCID: PMC8511394 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are essential components of eukaryotic cells. In this review, we want to exemplarily illustrate what is known about the interactions of sphingolipids with various viruses at different steps of their replication cycles. This includes structural interactions during entry at the plasma membrane or endosomal membranes, early interactions leading to sphingolipid-mediated signal transduction, interactions with internal membranes and lipids during replication, and interactions during virus assembly and budding. Targeted interventions in sphingolipid metabolism - as far as they can be tolerated by cells and organisms - may open novel possibilities to support antiviral therapies. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections have intensively been studied, but for other viral infections, such as influenza A virus (IAV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), dengue virus, Ebola virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), investigations are still in their beginnings. As many inhibitors of sphingolipid metabolism are already in clinical use against other diseases, repurposing studies for applications in some viral infections appear to be a promising approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elita Avota
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Bodem
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Janice Chithelen
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Putri Mandasari
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Beyersdorf
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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35
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Severity of COVID-19 Patients Predicted by Serum Sphingolipids Signature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910198. [PMID: 34638539 PMCID: PMC8508132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The reason behind the high inter-individual variability in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and patient’s outcome is poorly understood. The present study targets the sphingolipid profile of twenty-four healthy controls and fifty-nine COVID-19 patients with different disease severity. Sera were analyzed by untargeted and targeted mass spectrometry and ELISA. Results indicated a progressive increase in dihydrosphingosine, dihydroceramides, ceramides, sphingosine, and a decrease in sphingosine-1-phosphate. These changes are associated with a serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) increase in relation to COVID-19 severity. Severe patients showed a decrease in sphingomyelins and a high level of acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) that influences monosialodihexosyl ganglioside (GM3) C16:0 levels. Critical patients are characterized by high levels of dihydrosphingosine and dihydroceramide but not of glycosphingolipids. In severe and critical patients, unbalanced lipid metabolism induces lipid raft remodeling, leads to cell apoptosis and immunoescape, suggesting active sphingolipid participation in viral infection. Furthermore, results indicated that the sphingolipid and glycosphingolipid metabolic rewiring promoted by aSMase and GM3 is age-dependent but also characteristic of severe and critical patients influencing prognosis and increasing viral load. AUCs calculated from ROC curves indicated ceramides C16:0, C18:0, C24:1, sphingosine and SPTLC1 as putative biomarkers of disease evolution.
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36
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Loas G, Le Corre P. Update on Functional Inhibitors of Acid Sphingomyelinase (FIASMAs) in SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:691. [PMID: 34358117 PMCID: PMC8308787 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is characterized by the need of the search for curative drugs for treatment. In this paper, we present an update of knowledge about the interest of the functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMAs) in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Forty-nine FIASMAs have been suggested in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection using in silico, in vitro or in vivo studies. Further studies using large-sized, randomized and double-blinded controlled clinical trials are needed to evaluate FIASMAs in SARS-CoV-2 infection as off-label therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenolé Loas
- Department of Psychiatry, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Research Unit (ULB 266), Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascal Le Corre
- Pôle Pharmacie, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Pharmacie, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes, France;
- Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)-Inserm UMR 1085, University of Rennes, CHU Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, 35000 Rennes, France
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie et Pharmacie Clinique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Rennes 1, 35043 Rennes, France
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37
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Avota E, Bodem J, Chithelen J, Mandasari P, Beyersdorf N, Schneider-Schaulies J. The Manifold Roles of Sphingolipids in Viral Infections. Front Physiol 2021. [PMID: 34658908 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.71552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are essential components of eukaryotic cells. In this review, we want to exemplarily illustrate what is known about the interactions of sphingolipids with various viruses at different steps of their replication cycles. This includes structural interactions during entry at the plasma membrane or endosomal membranes, early interactions leading to sphingolipid-mediated signal transduction, interactions with internal membranes and lipids during replication, and interactions during virus assembly and budding. Targeted interventions in sphingolipid metabolism - as far as they can be tolerated by cells and organisms - may open novel possibilities to support antiviral therapies. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections have intensively been studied, but for other viral infections, such as influenza A virus (IAV), measles virus (MV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), dengue virus, Ebola virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), investigations are still in their beginnings. As many inhibitors of sphingolipid metabolism are already in clinical use against other diseases, repurposing studies for applications in some viral infections appear to be a promising approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elita Avota
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Bodem
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Janice Chithelen
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Putri Mandasari
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Beyersdorf
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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