1
|
Hsu CY, Ahmed AT, Bansal P, Hjazi A, Al-Hetty HRAK, Qasim MT, Sapaev I, Deorari M, Mustafa YF, Elawady A. MicroRNA-enriched exosome as dazzling dancer between cancer and immune cells. J Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s13105-024-01050-x. [PMID: 39316240 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are widely recognized for their roles in numerous biological processes and as intercellular communication mediators. Human cancerous and normal cells can both produce massive amounts of exosomes. They are extensively dispersed in tumor-modeling animals' pleural effusions, ascites, and plasma from people with cancer. Tumor cells interact with host cells by releasing exosomes, which allow them to interchange various biological components. Tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and even tumorigenesis can all be facilitated by this delicate and complex system by modifying the nearby and remote surroundings. Due to the existence of significant levels of biomolecules like microRNA, exosomes can modulate the immune system's stimulation or repression, which in turn controls tumor growth. However, the role of microRNA in exosome-mediated communication between immunological and cancer cells is still poorly understood. This study aims to get the most recent information on the "yin and yang" of exosomal microRNA in the regulation of tumor immunity and immunotherapy, which will aid current cancer treatment and diagnostic techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University Tempe Campus, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USA
| | - Abdulrahman T Ahmed
- Department of Nursing, Al-Maarif University College, Ramadi, AL-Anbar Governorate, Iraq
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, 560069, Karnataka, India
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maytham T Qasim
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | - Ibrokhim Sapaev
- Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers" National Research University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- School of Engineering, Central Asian University, Tashkent, 111221, Uzbekistan
- Western Caspian University, Scientific researcher, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Elawady
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arfin S, Kumar D, Lomagno A, Mauri PL, Di Silvestre D. Differentially Expressed Genes, miRNAs and Network Models: A Strategy to Shed Light on Molecular Interactions Driving HNSCC Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4420. [PMID: 37686696 PMCID: PMC10563081 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the most common cancer worldwide, accounting for hundreds thousands deaths annually. Unfortunately, most patients are diagnosed in an advanced stage and only a percentage respond favorably to therapies. To help fill this gap, we hereby propose a retrospective in silico study to shed light on gene-miRNA interactions driving the development of HNSCC. Moreover, to identify topological biomarkers as a source for designing new drugs. To achieve this, gene and miRNA profiles from patients and controls are holistically reevaluated using protein-protein interaction (PPI) and bipartite miRNA-target networks. Cytoskeletal remodeling, extracellular matrix (ECM), immune system, proteolysis, and energy metabolism have emerged as major functional modules involved in the pathogenesis of HNSCC. Of note, the landscape of our findings depicts a concerted molecular action in activating genes promoting cell cycle and proliferation, and inactivating those suppressive. In this scenario, genes, including VEGFA, EMP1, PPL, KRAS, MET, TP53, MMPs and HOXs, and miRNAs, including mir-6728 and mir-99a, emerge as key players in the molecular interactions driving HNSCC tumorigenesis. Despite the heterogeneity characterizing these HNSCC subtypes, and the limitations of a study pointing to relationships that could be context dependent, the overlap with previously published studies is encouraging. Hence, it supports further investigation for key molecules, both those already and not correlated to HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saniya Arfin
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttrakhand, India; (S.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttrakhand, India; (S.A.); (D.K.)
| | - Andrea Lomagno
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.L.); (P.L.M.)
- IRCCS Foundation, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian, 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Luigi Mauri
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.L.); (P.L.M.)
| | - Dario Di Silvestre
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, F.lli Cervi 93, Segrate, 20054 Milan, Italy; (A.L.); (P.L.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rondelli V, Helmy S, Passignani G, Parisse P, Di Silvestre D. Integrated Strategies for a Holistic View of Extracellular Vesicles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19058-19069. [PMID: 35721989 PMCID: PMC9201886 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are receiving increasing attention for their role in spreading both beneficial and harmful information during cell-cell communication. The complexity and heterogeneity of the origin of EVs make integrated molecular, structural, and functional studies extremely challenging but necessary at the same time. In fact, a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach is needed to correlate the features of EVs, target cells/organs, and the pathophysiological outcomes exerted by the EVs' actions. Based on these premises, after introducing a brief state-of-the-art outline on the current analytical approaches exploited to characterize EVs, this review aims to highlight the effectiveness of those studies where authors put in correlation the diverse EV data collected from different points of view. Although these examples are still just a few, they still represent an excellent starting point to be taken as a reference in the perspective for improving the correlation among EV-related clinical aspects. Of course, to fully reach this goal, several points need to be further improved and developed. Undoubtedly, new avenues in diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications by EVs will be initiated by integrative strategies, combining biophysical approaches, high-throughput omics technologies, and computational models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Rondelli
- Department
of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20054 Segrate, Italy
| | - Sally Helmy
- Department
of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20054 Segrate, Italy
- Biophysics
Group, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11535, Egypt
| | - Giulia Passignani
- Institute
for Biomedical Technologies, National Research
Council (ITB-CNR), Via
F.lli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy
| | - Pietro Parisse
- Istituto
Officina dei Materiali-National Research Council (CNR-IOM), ss.14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Elettra
Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. ss.14 km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Dario Di Silvestre
- Institute
for Biomedical Technologies, National Research
Council (ITB-CNR), Via
F.lli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and Immunotherapy. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt3010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-enveloped nanosized (30–150 nm) extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin produced by almost all cell types and encompass a multitude of functioning biomolecules. Exosomes have been considered crucial players of cell-to-cell communication in physiological and pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes can modulate the immune system by delivering a plethora of signals that can either stimulate or suppress immune responses, which have potential applications as immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the current knowledge about the active biomolecular components of exosomes that contribute to exosomal function in modulating different immune cells and also how these immune cell-derived exosomes play critical roles in immune responses. We further discuss the translational potential of engineered exosomes as immunotherapeutic agents with their advantages over conventional nanocarriers for drug delivery and ongoing clinical trials.
Collapse
|