Acorane sesquiterpenes from the deep-sea derived Penicillium bilaiae fungus with anti-neuroinflammatory effects

Proliferacorins A-M: Thirteen undescribed acorane sesquiterpenoids isolated from the fungus Fusarium proliferatum

In this study, 13 previously undescribed acorane sesquiterpenoids, namely, proliferacorins A-M, were isolated from the solid fermentation of Fusarium proliferatum. Their structures and absolute configurations were confirmed via spectroscopic analyses, quantum-chemical NMR calculations with DP4+ probability analyses, ECD calculations and comparisons, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Proliferacorins A-E (1-5) have a 7-oxa-tricyclo[6.3.1.01,5]tridecane decorated with a rare ether bridge between C-7 and C-11, while proliferacorin F (6) possesses a 7-oxa-tricyclic[6.4.0.01,5]dodecane skeleton with an unusual ether bond between C-6 and C-11. Proliferacorins C and D (3 and 4) are a pair of isomers at the carbon bridge between C-5 and C-7, whereas proliferacorins H and I (8 and 9) are a pair of spiro carbon isomers. All isolates were tested for their cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive activities.

Novel Bioactive Natural Products from Marine-Derived Penicillium Fungi: A Review (2021-2023)

Marine-derived Penicillium fungi are productive sources of structurally unique and diverse bioactive secondary metabolites, representing a hot topic in natural product research. This review describes structural diversity, bioactivities and statistical research of 452 new natural products from marine-derived Penicillium fungi covering 2021 to 2023. Sediments are the main sources of marine-derived Penicillium fungi for producing nearly 56% new natural products. Polyketides, alkaloids, and terpenoids displayed diverse biological activities and are the major contributors to antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory and enzyme inhibitory capacities. Polyketides had higher proportions of new bioactive compounds in new compounds than other chemical classes. The characteristics of studies in recent years are presented.

Research Progress on Sesquiterpene Compounds from Artabotrys Plants of Annonaceae

Artabotrys, a pivotal genus within the Annonaceae family, is renowned for its extensive biological significance and medicinal potential. The genus's sesquiterpene compounds have attracted considerable interest from the scientific community due to their structural complexity and diverse biological activities. These compounds exhibit a range of biological activities, including antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory analgesic, and anti-tumor properties, positioning them as promising candidates for medical applications. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the variety, species, and structural characteristics of sesquiterpene compounds isolated from Artabotrys plants. Furthermore, it delves into their pharmacological activities and underlying mechanisms, offering a comprehensive foundation for future research.

Bioassay-guided isolation and characterisation of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Sanghuangporus baumii

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the isopropanol extract of the medicinal mushroom Sanghuangporus baumii led to the isolation and characterisation of a new acorane-type sesquiterpenoid bauminene (1) and seven known compounds 2-8. The planar structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. The relative configuration of 1 was determined by a combination of ROESY experiment, density functional theory calculation of 13C NMR, and DP4+ probability analysis, while the absolute configuration of 1 was established by comparative electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra analysis. In the in vitro bioassay, compounds 1-8 exhibited potent to moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 6.8 ± 0.68 to 221.4 ± 6.57 µM. The presences of these bioactive constituents in the sclerotia of S. baumii may be related to the use of the fungus as 'Sanghuang' for the adjuvant treatment of DM.