1
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Mueller LE, Wexler RS, Lovejoy DA, Stein RB, Slee AM. Teneurin C-terminal associated peptide (TCAP)-1 attenuates the development and expression of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in male Swiss Webster mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:1565-1575. [PMID: 38630316 PMCID: PMC11269454 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), the apical stress-inducing hormone, exacerbates stress and addictive behaviors. TCAP-1 is a peptide that directly inhibits both CRF-mediated stress and addiction-related behaviors; however, the direct action of TCAP-1 on morphine withdrawal-associated behaviors has not previously been examined. OBJECTIVE To determine whether TCAP-1 administration attenuates behavioral and physiological consequences of morphine withdrawal in mice. METHODS Mice were administered via subcutaneous route TCAP-1 either before or after initial morphine exposure, after which jumping behavior was quantified to assess the effects of TCAP-1 on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. As a comparison, mice were treated with nonpeptide CRF1 receptor antagonist CP-154,526. In one experiment, plasma corticosterone (CORT) was also measured as a physiological stress indicator. RESULTS Pretreatment with TCAP-1 (10-250 nmol/kg) before morphine treatment significantly inhibited the development of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. TCAP-1 (250-500 nmol/kg) treatment administered after morphine treatment attenuated the behavioral expression of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal. TCAP-1 (250 nmol/kg) treatment during morphine treatment was more effective than the optimal dosing of CP-154,526 (20 mg/kg) at suppressing the behavioral expression of naloxone-precipitated withdrawal, despite similar reduction of withdrawal-induced plasma CORT level increases. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish TCAP-1 as a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of morphine withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David A Lovejoy
- Protagenic Therapeutics, Inc., New York, NY, USA
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, CA, Canada
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2
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Abramov T, Suwansa-ard S, da Silva PM, Wang T, Dove M, O’Connor W, Parker L, Russell FD, Lovejoy DA, Cummins SF, Elizur A. A novel role for Teneurin C-terminal Associated Peptide (TCAP) in the regulation of cardiac activity in the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1020368. [PMID: 36814576 PMCID: PMC9939839 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1020368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Teneurin C-terminal associated peptide (TCAP) is an ancient bioactive peptide that is highly conserved in metazoans. TCAP administration reduces cellular and behavioural stress in vertebrate and urochordate models, yet despite numerous studies in higher animals, there is limited knowledge of its role in invertebrates. In particular, there are no studies on TCAP's effects on the heart of any metazoan, which is a critical organ in the stress response. We used the Sydney rock oyster (SRO) as an invertebrate model to investigate a potential role for sroTCAP in regulating cardiac activity, including during stress. sroTCAP is localized to the neural innervation network of the SRO heart, and suggested binding with various heart proteins related to metabolism and stress, including SOD, GAPDH and metabotropic glutamate receptor. Intramuscular injection of sroTCAP (10 pmol) significantly altered the expression of heart genes that are known to regulate remodelling processes under different conditions, and modulated several gene families responsible for stress mitigation. sroTCAP (1 and 10 pmol) was shown to cause transient bradycardia (heart rate was reduced by up to 63% and for up to 40 min post-administration), indicative of an unstressed state. In summary, this study has established a role for a TCAP in the regulation of cardiac activity through modulation of physiological and molecular components associated with energy conservation, stress and adaptation. This represents a novel function for TCAP and may have implications for higher-order metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Abramov
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Saowaros Suwansa-ard
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | - Patricia Mirella da Silva
- Invertebrate Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Dove
- New South Wales (NSW) Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute Taylors Beach, Port Stephens NSW, Australia
| | - Wayne O’Connor
- New South Wales (NSW) Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute Taylors Beach, Port Stephens NSW, Australia
| | - Laura Parker
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Fraser D. Russell
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | - David A. Lovejoy
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott F. Cummins
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Abigail Elizur
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
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3
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Hogg DW, Casatti CC, Belsham DD, Baršytė-Lovejoy D, Lovejoy DA. Distal extracellular teneurin region (teneurin C-terminal associated peptide; TCAP) possesses independent intracellular calcium regulating actions, in vitro: A potential antagonist of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 32:101397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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4
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Hogg DW, Reid AL, Dodsworth TL, Chen Y, Reid RM, Xu M, Husic M, Biga PR, Slee A, Buck LT, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Locke M, Lovejoy DA. Skeletal muscle metabolism and contraction performance regulation by teneurin C-terminal-associated peptide-1. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1031264. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1031264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regulation is responsible for voluntary muscular movement in vertebrates. The genes of two essential proteins, teneurins and latrophilins (LPHN), evolving in ancestors of multicellular animals form a ligand-receptor pair, and are now shown to be required for skeletal muscle function. Teneurins possess a bioactive peptide, termed the teneurin C-terminal associated peptide (TCAP) that interacts with the LPHNs to regulate skeletal muscle contractility strength and fatigue by an insulin-independent glucose importation mechanism in rats. CRISPR-based knockouts and siRNA-associated knockdowns of LPHN-1 and-3 in the C2C12 mouse skeletal cell line shows that TCAP stimulates an LPHN-dependent cytosolic Ca2+ signal transduction cascade to increase energy metabolism and enhance skeletal muscle function via increases in type-1 oxidative fiber formation and reduce the fatigue response. Thus, the teneurin/TCAP-LPHN system is presented as a novel mechanism that regulates the energy requirements and performance of skeletal muscle.
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5
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Signaling Pathways Regulating the Expression of the Glioblastoma Invasion Factor TENM1. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051104. [PMID: 35625843 PMCID: PMC9138594 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive cancers, with dismal prognosis despite continuous efforts to improve treatment. Poor prognosis is mostly due to the invasive nature of GBM. Thus, most research has focused on studying the molecular players involved in GBM cell migration and invasion of the surrounding parenchyma, trying to identify effective therapeutic targets against this lethal cancer. Our laboratory discovered the implication of TENM1, also known as ODZ1, in GBM cell migration in vitro and in tumor invasion using different in vivo models. Moreover, we investigated the microenvironmental stimuli that promote the expression of TENM1 in GBM cells and found that macrophage-secreted IL-6 and the extracellular matrix component fibronectin upregulated TENM1 through activation of Stat3. We also described that hypoxia, a common feature of GBM tumors, was able to induce TENM1 by both an epigenetic mechanism and a HIF2α-mediated transcriptional pathway. The fact that TENM1 is a convergence point for various cancer-related signaling pathways might give us a new therapeutic opportunity for GBM treatment. Here, we briefly review the findings described so far about the mechanisms that control the expression of the GBM invasion factor TENM1.
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6
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Dodsworth TL, Lovejoy DA. Role of Teneurin C-Terminal Associated Peptides (TCAP) on Intercellular Adhesion and Communication. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:868541. [PMID: 35585927 PMCID: PMC9108700 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.868541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The teneurin C-terminal associated peptides (TCAP) are encoded by the terminal exon of all metazoan teneurin genes. Evidence supports the liberation of a soluble TCAP peptide either by proteolytic cleavage from the mature transmembrane teneurin protein or by a separately transcribed mRNA. Synthetic versions of TCAP, based on its genomic structure, are efficacious at regulating intercellular communication by promoting neurite outgrowth and increasing dendritic spine density in vitro and in vivo in rodent models. This is achieved through cytoskeletal re-arrangement and metabolic upregulation. The putative receptors for TCAPs are the latrophilin (LPHN) family of adhesion G-protein coupled receptors, which facilitate TCAP’s actions through G-proteins associated with cAMP and calcium-regulating signalling pathways. The teneurin/TCAP and latrophilin genes are phylogenetically ancient, likely serving primitive functions in cell adhesion and energy regulation which have been since adapted for a more complex role in synaptogenesis in vertebrate nervous systems.
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7
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Teneurins: Role in Cancer and Potential Role as Diagnostic Biomarkers and Targets for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052321. [PMID: 33652578 PMCID: PMC7956758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Teneurins have been identified in vertebrates as four different genes (TENM1-4), coding for membrane proteins that are mainly involved in embryonic and neuronal development. Genetic studies have correlated them with various diseases, including developmental problems, neurological disorders and congenital general anosmia. There is some evidence to suggest their possible involvement in cancer initiation and progression, and drug resistance. Indeed, mutations, chromosomal alterations and the deregulation of teneurins expression have been associated with several tumor types and patient survival. However, the role of teneurins in cancer-related regulatory networks is not fully understood, as both a tumor-suppressor role and pro-tumoral functions have been proposed, depending on tumor histotype. Here, we summarize and discuss the literature data on teneurins expression and their potential role in different tumor types, while highlighting the possibility of using teneurins as novel molecular diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and as targets for cancer treatments, such as immunotherapy, in some tumors.
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8
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Cao J, Li J, Yang X, Li P, Yao Z, Han D, Ying L, Wang L, Tian J. Transcriptomics analysis for the identification of potential age-related genes and cells associated with three major urogenital cancers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:641. [PMID: 33436826 PMCID: PMC7803945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Age is one of the most important risk factors of the occurrence for tumor patients. The majority of patients with urogenital cancers are the elderly, whose clinical characteristics are greatly affected by age and ageing. Our study aimed to explore age-related genes, cells, and biological changes in three common urogenital cancers via integrative bioinformatics analysis. First, mRNA (count format) and clinical data for bladder cancer, prostate cancer and renal cell carcinoma were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Through the comparison of clinicopathological characteristics, genes expression and cells infiltration between the old group and the young group, it was found that the clinical characteristics, genes and cells in the tumor microenvironment of different ages were quite different. And 4 key cells, 14 hub genes and some potential pathways were identified and considered as important factors. More importantly, we analyzed the differential landscape of the genes and cells from different perspectives, and confirmed its importance. In conclusion, we identified genes and cell types associated with age-related changes in the tumour microenvironment in urogenital cancer patients. These genes and cell types may play a critical role in the age-associated differences in clinicopathological characteristics among urogenital cancers, thus providing a link between ageing and cancer occurrence. The findings of this study may pave the way for the development of age-tailored approaches to treat cancer and other age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Cao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianpeng Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Yao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dali Han
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Ying
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiang Tian
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases of Gansu Provincial, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Tian Z, Tang J, Liao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Wu G. Identification of a 9-gene prognostic signature for breast cancer. Cancer Med 2020; 9:9471-9484. [PMID: 33090721 PMCID: PMC7774725 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is the most common cancer among women and is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. In this study, we developed a 9‐gene prognostic signature to predict the prognosis of patients with BRCA. GSE20685, GSE42568, GSE20711, and GSE88770 were used as training sets. The Kaplan–Meier plot was constructed to assess survival differences and log‐rank test was performed to evaluate the statistical significance. The overall survival (OS) of patients in the low‐risk group was significantly higher than that in the high‐risk group. ROC analysis indicated that this 9‐gene signature shows good diagnostic efficiency both in OS and disease‐free survival (DFS). The 9‐gene signature was further validated through GSE16446, GSE7390, and TCGA‐BRCA datasets. We also established a nomogram that integrates clinicopathological features and 9‐gene signature. The analysis of the calibration plot showed that the nomogram has good prognostic performance. More convincingly, real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) results indicated that the protective prognostic factors in BRCA patients were downregulated, whereas the dangerous prognostic factors were upregulated. The innovation of this article is not only constructing a prognostic gene signature, but also combining with clinical information to further establish a nomogram to better predict the survival probability of patients. It is worth mentioning that this signature also does not depend on other clinical factors or variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Tian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianing Tang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Liao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yumin Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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10
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Lovejoy DA, Hogg DW. Information Processing in Affective Disorders: Did an Ancient Peptide Regulating Intercellular Metabolism Become Co‐Opted for Noxious Stress Sensing? Bioessays 2020; 42:e2000039. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Lovejoy
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3H4 Canada
| | - David W. Hogg
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 3H4 Canada
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11
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Michalec OM, Chang BSW, Lovejoy NR, Lovejoy DA. Corticotropin-Releasing Factor: An Ancient Peptide Family Related to the Secretin Peptide Superfamily. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:529. [PMID: 32973673 PMCID: PMC7481443 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is the hypothalamic releasing peptide that regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/inter-renal (HPA/I) axis in vertebrates. Over the last 25 years, there has been considerable discussion on its paralogs genes, urotensin-I/urocortin-1, and urocortins-2 and-3 and their subsequent role in the vertebrate stress response. Phylogenetically, the CRF family of peptides also belong to the diverse assemblage of Secretin- and Calcitonin-based peptides as evidenced by comparative-based studies of both their ligand and G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) structures. Despite this, the common origin of this large assemblage of peptides has not been ascertained. An unusual peptide, teneurin-C-terminal associated peptide (TCAP), reported in 2004, comprises the distal extracellular tip of the teneurin transmembrane proteins. Further studies indicated that this teneurin region binds to the latrophilin family of GPCRs. Initially thought to be a member of the Secretin GPCR family, evidence indicates that the latrophilins are a member of the Adhesion family of GPCRs and are related to the common ancestor of both Adhesion and Secretin GPCR families. In this study, we posit that TCAP may be a distantly related ancestor of the CRF-Calcitonin-Secretin peptide family and evolved near the base of metazoan phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola M Michalec
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto - St. George Campus, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Belinda S W Chang
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto - St. George Campus, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan R Lovejoy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David A Lovejoy
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto - St. George Campus, Toronto, ON, Canada
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12
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Lovejoy DA, Hogg DW, Dodsworth TL, Jurado FR, Read CC, D'Aquila AL, Barsyte-Lovejoy D. Synthetic Peptides as Therapeutic Agents: Lessons Learned From Evolutionary Ancient Peptides and Their Transit Across Blood-Brain Barriers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:730. [PMID: 31781029 PMCID: PMC6861216 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides play a major role in the transmission of information to and from the central nervous system. However, because of their structural complexity, the development of pharmacological peptide-based therapeutics has been challenged by the lack of understanding of endogenous peptide evolution. The teneurin C-terminal associated peptides (TCAP) possess many of the required attributes of a practical peptide therapeutic. TCAPs, associated with the teneurin transmembrane proteins that bind to the latrophilins, members of the Adhesion family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Together, this ligand-receptor unit plays an integral role in synaptogenesis, neurological development, and maintenance, and is present in most metazoans. TCAP has structural similarity to corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), and related peptides, such as calcitonin and the secretin-based peptides and inhibits the (CRF)-associated stress response. Latrophilins are structurally related to the secretin family of GPCRs. TCAP is a soluble peptide that crosses the blood-brain barrier and regulates glucose transport into the brain. We posit that TCAP represents a phylogenetically older peptide system that evolved before the origin of the CRF-calcitonin-secretin clade of peptides and plays a fundamental role in the regulation of cell-to-cell energy homeostasis. Moreover, it may act as a phylogenetically older peptide system that evolved as a natural antagonist to the CRF-mediated stress response. Thus, TCAP's actions on the CNS may provide new insights into the development of peptide therapeutics for the treatment of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Lovejoy
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Protagenic Therapeutics Inc., New York, NY, United States
| | - David W. Hogg
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas L. Dodsworth
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fernando R. Jurado
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Casey C. Read
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea L. D'Aquila
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States
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13
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Hogg DW, Husić M, Wosnick D, Dodsworth T, D'Aquila AL, Lovejoy DA. Activity of the Carboxy-Terminal Peptide Region of the Teneurins and Its Role in Neuronal Function and Behavior in Mammals. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:581. [PMID: 31417336 PMCID: PMC6685443 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Teneurin C-terminal associated peptides (TCAPs) are an evolutionarily ancient family of 40- to 41-residue bioactive peptides located on the extracellular end of each of the four teneurin transmembrane proteins. TCAP-1 may exist as a tethered peptide at the teneurin-1 carboxy end or as an independent peptide that is either released via post-transcriptional cleavage from its teneurin-1 pro-protein or independently expressed as its own mRNA. In neurons, soluble TCAP-1 acts as a paracrine factor to regulate cellular activity and neuroplastic interactions. In vitro studies indicate that, by itself, synthetic TCAP-1 promotes neuron growth and protects cells from chemical insult. In vivo, TCAP-1 increases hippocampal neuron spine density, reduces stress-induced behavior and ablates cocaine-seeking behaviors. Together, these studies suggest that the physiological effects of TCAP-1 are a result of an inhibition of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) activity leading to increased energy production. This hypothesis is supported by in vivo functional positron emissions tomography studies, which demonstrate that TCAP-1 significantly increases glucose uptake in rat brain. Complimentary in vitro studies show that enhanced glucose uptake is the result of TCAP-1-induced insertion of the glucose transporter into the neuronal plasma membrane, leading to increased glucose uptake and ATP production. Interestingly, TCAP-1-mediated glucose uptake occurs through a novel insulin-independent pathway. This review will focus on examining the role of TCAP on neuronal energy metabolism in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Hogg
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mia Husić
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Wosnick
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas Dodsworth
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea L D'Aquila
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David A Lovejoy
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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14
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Moreno-Salinas AL, Avila-Zozaya M, Ugalde-Silva P, Hernández-Guzmán DA, Missirlis F, Boucard AA. Latrophilins: A Neuro-Centric View of an Evolutionary Conserved Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor Subfamily. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:700. [PMID: 31354411 PMCID: PMC6629964 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The adhesion G protein-coupled receptors latrophilins have been in the limelight for more than 20 years since their discovery as calcium-independent receptors for α-latrotoxin, a spider venom toxin with potent activity directed at neurotransmitter release from a variety of synapse types. Latrophilins are highly expressed in the nervous system. Although a substantial amount of studies has been conducted to describe the role of latrophilins in the toxin-mediated action, the recent identification of endogenous ligands for these receptors helped confirm their function as mediators of adhesion events. Here we hypothesize a role for latrophilins in inter-neuronal contacts and the formation of neuronal networks and we review the most recent information on their role in neurons. We explore molecular, cellular and behavioral aspects related to latrophilin adhesion function in mice, zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, including autism spectrum, bipolar, attention deficit and hyperactivity and substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L. Moreno-Salinas
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Avila-Zozaya
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul Ugalde-Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David A. Hernández-Guzmán
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fanis Missirlis
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antony A. Boucard
- Department of Cell Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Sita LV, Diniz GB, Horta-Junior JAC, Casatti CA, Bittencourt JC. Nomenclature and Comparative Morphology of the Teneurin/TCAP/ADGRL Protein Families. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:425. [PMID: 31130838 PMCID: PMC6510184 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luciane V. Sita
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanne B. Diniz
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A. C. Horta-Junior
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio A. Casatti
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jackson C. Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Jackson C. Bittencourt,
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