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He W, Lin J, Yu F, Leng Y, Pan Z, Liang Q, Liu S, Huang X. Identification and function analysis of BCL2 in immune response of Pteria penguin. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109574. [PMID: 38692379 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (BCL2), an anti-apoptotic factor in the mitochondrial regulatory pathway of apoptosis, is critically important in immune defenses. In this study, a novel BCL2 gene was characterized from Pteria penguin (P. penguin). The PpBCL2 was 1482 bp long, containing an open reading frame (ORF) of 588 bp encoding 195 amino acids. Four highly conserved BCL-2 homology (BH) domains were found in PpBCL2. Amino acid alignment and phylogenetic tree showed that PpBCL2 had the highest similarity with BCL2 of Crassostrea gigas at 65.24 %. Tissue expression analysis showed that PpBCL2 had high constitutive expression in gill, digestive diverticulum and mantle, and was significantly increased 72 h of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) challenge in these immune tissues. Furthermore, PpBCL2 silencing significantly inhibited antimicrobial activity of hemolymph supernatant by 1.4-fold, and significantly reduced the survival rate by 51.7 % at 72 h post infection in P. penguin. These data indicated that PpBCL2 played an important role in immune response of P. penguin against V. parahaemolyticus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao He
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Jinji Lin
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang City, 524088, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yang Leng
- Experiment Animal Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China.
| | - Zhenni Pan
- Fangchenggang Marine Environmental Monitoring and Forecasting Center, Fangchenggang, Guangxi, 538000, China
| | - Qiwen Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Siying Liu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Academician Joint Laboratory of Germplasm Resource Exploitation, Utilization and Health Assessment for Aquatic Animal, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xinyue Huang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
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Tian J, Wang H, Huan P, Yue X, Liu B. Comprehensive Multi-omics Approaches Provide Insights to Summer Mortality in the Clam Meretrix petechialis. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:389-403. [PMID: 38483672 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Bivalve mass mortalities have been reported worldwide, which not only can be explained as a result of pathogen infection, but may reflect changes in environments. Although these episodes were often reported, there was limited information concerning the molecular responses to various stressors leading to summer mortality. In the present work, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), tandem mass tagging (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics, and 16S rRNA sequencing were used to explore the natural outbreak of summer mortality in the clam Meretrix petechialis. We identified a total of 172 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 222 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the diseased group compared to the normal group. The inconsistent expression profiles of immune DEGs/DEPs may be due to the immune dysregulation of the diseased clams. Notably, 11 solute carrier family genes were found among the top 20 down-regulated genes in the diseased group, indicating that weakened transmembrane transport ability might occur in the diseased clams. Integration analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic results showed that many metabolic processes such as "arginine and proline metabolism" and "tyrosine metabolism" were inhibited in the diseased group, suggesting metabolic inhibition. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the microbial composition of clam hepatopancreas was disordered in the diseased group. The comparison of DEGs expression between the natural summer mortality event and an artificial challenge experiment involving both Vibrio infection and heat stress revealed 9/15 genes showing similar expression trends between the two conditions, suggesting that the summer mortality might be caused by a combination of high temperature and Vibrio infection. These results would deepen our understanding of summer mortality and provide candidate resistance markers for clam resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Pin Huan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266000, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xin Yue
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Liu J, Nie H, Huo Z, Yan X. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of MITF Genes in Ruditapes philippinarum and Their Involvement in the Immune Response to Vibrio anguillarum Infection. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:2514-2530. [PMID: 37119506 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10365-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that the shellfish have innate immune system, which is a very important immune form of shellfish, and they rely on the innate immune system to resist diseases. As a transcription factor, Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) plays a regulatory role in immune response and the shell color is also an important index for the breeding of excellent varieties of R. philippinarum. The research on immune response mechanism of RPMITFs can provide important reference data for the breeding of excellent clam varieties. In the genome of R. philippinarum, the RPMITF genes family of shell color-related gene family was selected as the target gene of this experiment. There are 12 RpMITF genes named RpMITF1, RpMITF2, RpMITF3, RpMITF4, RpMITF5, RpMITF6, RpMITF7, RpMITF8, RpMITF9, RpMITF10, RpMITF11, and RpMITF12. The open reading frame length is 639, 1233, 996, 1239, 675, 624, 816, 1365, 612, 1614, 1122, and 486 bp, encoding 212, 410, 331, 412, 224, 207, 271, 454, 203, 537, 373, and 161 aa, respectively. The predicted molecular weight range of amino acids is 18.85-62.61 kda, and the isoelectric point range is 5.26-9.44. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the gene expression of RpMITF gene family in hepatopancreas tissues of two populations of Manila clam at 6 time points (0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h) after Vibrio anguillarum stress. The results show that RpMITF gene family was significantly expressed in hepatopancreas of two clam populations after V. anguillarum stress (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Hongtao Nie
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Zhongming Huo
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Xiwu Yan
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shellfish Culture and Breeding in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
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Zhang S, Jiao S, Liu D, Xie C, Dong Y, Zheng K, Liu B, Pang Q. Characterization of the lipidomic profile of clam Meretrix petechialis in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108602. [PMID: 36758655 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a devastating pathogen of clam Meretrix petechialis, which brings about huge economic losses in aquaculture breeding industry. In our previous study, we have found that Vibrio infection is closely associated with lipid metabolism of clams. In this study, an untargeted lipidomics approach was used to explore the lipid profiling changes upon Vibrio infection. The results demonstrated that the hepatopancreas of clams was composed of five lipid categories including fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and sterol lipids. And the content of lipid classes altered during Vibrio infection, implying that Vibrio infection altered intracellular lipid homeostasis in clams. Meanwhile, a total of 200 lipid species including 82 up-regulated and 118 down-regulated significantly were identified in response to Vibrio infection, of which ceramide (Cer), phosphatidylcholine (PC) and triglyceride (TG) accounted for the largest proportion. Notably, all Cers showed a significantly decreased trend while nearly all TG species were increased significantly during Vibrio infection, which suggested that Cer and TG could be determined as effective biomarkers. Furthermore, these differentially expressed lipid species were enriched in 20 metabolic pathways and sphingolipid metabolism was one of the most enriched pathways. These results evidenced how the lipid metabolism altered in the process of Vibrio infection and opened a new perspective on the response of marine bivalves to pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Zhang
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China.
| | - Shuang Jiao
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Dongwu Liu
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Changjian Xie
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Yuling Dong
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Kang Zheng
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China.
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Wang X, Zhou M, Jiang L. The oncogenic and immunological roles of histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 in human cancers and their experimental validation in the MCF-7 cell line. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:147. [PMID: 36846002 PMCID: PMC9951023 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (HINT1) is a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor gene that plays a significant role in cell proliferation and survival. However, to date, no systematic pan-cancer analysis has been conducted to explore its function in prognosis, and its oncogenic and immunological roles. We also analyzed the role of HINT1 in breast cancer (BC) progression in vitro. Methods An analysis of the HINT1 expression pattern was performed using the TIMER database. The infiltration of immune cells into several cancer types was also studied using the Xena Shiny tool. To determine the relationship between stemness and the expression of HINT1 mRNA, the Spearman correlation test was used with the SangerBox tool. The correlation between HINT1 and functional states in various cancers was determined from the CancerSEA database. The potential role of HINT1 in BC oncogenesis was also investigated by Western blot and Annexin V/PI assays. Results The Cancer Genome Atlas pan-cancer data analysis suggested that HINT1 was extensively altered in most tumor tissues but not in most adjacent normal tissues. A high expression of HINT1 was associated with the decreased infiltration of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells. Importantly, increased HINT1 expression was also associated with a large majority of tumors with high stemness and lower stromal, immune, and estimate scores. Further, the expression of HINT1 was significantly associated with the tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in certain tumor types. Finally, HINT1 overexpression was found to impair BC progression by promoting cell apoptosis. HINT1 upregulation also reduced the expression of microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) and β-catenin in BC Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells, and the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (p-Akt). Conclusions The present study showed that HINT1 plays an oncogenic role in various cancers and could also be used as a biomarker for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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The mud-dwelling clam Meretrix petechialis secretes endogenously synthesized erythromycin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2214150119. [PMID: 36442100 PMCID: PMC9894158 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214150119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although lacking an adaptive immune system and often living in habitats with dense and diverse bacterial populations, marine invertebrates thrive in the presence of potentially challenging microbial pathogens. However, the mechanisms underlying this resistance remain largely unexplored and promise to reveal novel strategies of microbial resistance. Here, we provide evidence that a mud-dwelling clam, Meretrix petechialis, synthesizes, stores, and secretes the antibiotic erythromycin. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, immunocytochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, RNA interference, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that this potent macrolide antimicrobial, thought to be synthesized only by microorganisms, is produced by specific mucus-rich cells beneath the clam's mantle epithelium, which interfaces directly with the bacteria-rich environment. The antibacterial activity was confirmed by bacteriostatic assay. Genetic, ontogenetic, phylogenetic and genomic evidence, including genotypic segregation ratios in a family of full siblings, gene expression in clam larvae, phylogenetic tree, and synteny conservation in the related genome region further revealed that the genes responsible for erythromycin production are of animal origin. The detection of this antibiotic in another clam species showed that the production of this macrolide is not exclusive to M. petechialis and may be a common strategy among marine invertebrates. The finding of erythromycin production by a marine invertebrate offers a striking example of convergent evolution in secondary metabolite synthesis between the animal and bacterial domains. These findings open the possibility of engineering-animal tissues for the localized production of an antibacterial secondary metabolite.
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Álvarez L, Marín-García PJ, Rentero-Garrido P, Llobat L. Immune and Genomic Analysis of Boxer Dog Breed and Its Relationship with Leishmania infantum Infection. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9110608. [PMID: 36356085 PMCID: PMC9693926 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease, endemic in 88 countries, including those from the Mediterranean region. Several authors indicate differences in susceptibility and resistance to leishmaniosis in different canine breeds, with boxer being one of the breeds with a higher prevalence of the disease. This study analyzes the serum profiles of cytokines related to the immune response, together with the screening of genomic variants fixed in boxer breed samples, to understand their differential susceptibility to L. infantum infection. The results of this study indicate new pathways related to L. infantum infection and immune response in boxers, involving genes related to interleukin and toll-like receptors, as well as to the immune system and the regulation of expression. Future studies are required to elucidate the role of specific genes in the L. infantum infection mechanism in this canine breed. Abstract Leishmaniosis, one of the most important zoonoses in Europe, is caused by Leishmania infantum, an intracellular protozoan parasite. This disease is endemic in the Mediterranean area, where the main reservoir is the dog. Several studies indicate a possible susceptibility to L. infantum infection with clinical signs in some canine breeds. One of them is the boxer breed, which shows a high prevalence of disease. In this study, immunological and genomic characterization of serum samples from boxer dogs living in the Mediterranean area were evaluated to analyze the immune response and the possible genetic explanation for this susceptibility. Serum levels of cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18 were determined by ELISA commercial tests, while the genotyping study was performed using the CanineHD DNA Analysis BeadChip. The results show relevant differences in the serum levels of cytokines compared to published data on other canine breeds, as well as sequence changes that could explain the high susceptibility of the boxer breed to the disease. Concretely, polymorphic variants in the CIITA, HSF2BP, LTBP1, MITF, NOXA1, PKIB, RAB38, RASEF, TLE1, and TLR4 genes were found, which could explain the susceptibility of this breed to L. infantum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Álvarez
- Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pablo-Jesús Marín-García
- Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Rentero-Garrido
- Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Precision Medicine Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lola Llobat
- Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Majerova E, Carey FC, Drury C, Gates RD. Preconditioning improves bleaching tolerance in the reef-building coral Pocillopora acuta through modulations in the programmed cell death pathways. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:3560-3574. [PMID: 34008873 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Reef-building corals rely on intracellular algal symbionts to meet energetic demands. Increasing extreme weather driven by climate change often leads to disruption of this symbiosis and to coral death. Corals can better withstand stress after previous exposure to sublethal conditions, but the mechanisms for this resilience remain unclear. Here, we show that a three-day thermal preconditioning increases tolerance of acute heat stress through modulations in cell death pathways in the stony coral Pocillopora acuta. In preconditioned corals, the ratio of pro-survival (pa-Bcl-2 and pa-BI-1) to pro-death (pa-BAK and pa-BAX) gene expression increased and the corals underwent significantly less bleaching. When treated with Bcl-2 inhibitor, corals lost the improved thermal tolerance, suggesting an important role of programmed cell death in coral bleaching and acclimatization. During heat stress, the activity of acid phosphatase increased but caspase-3 did not, suggesting the involvement of autophagy/symbiophagy rather than apoptosis in this process. A similar shift in gene expression also occurs in thermally stressed corals that have been exposed to naturally higher temperatures during summer thermal maxima in Kāne'ohe Bay, Hawai'i, suggesting that corals can increase their resilience to realistic warming events during high-risk periods through alterations in cell signalling. These data suggest that programmed cell death pathways underly coral acclimatization and resilience and may be important for coral reef conservation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Majerova
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kāne'ohe, HI, USA
| | - Fiona C Carey
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kāne'ohe, HI, USA
| | - Crawford Drury
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kāne'ohe, HI, USA
| | - Ruth D Gates
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kāne'ohe, HI, USA
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Yu F, Lu Y, Zhong Z, Qu B, Wang M, Yu X, Chen J. Mitf Involved in Innate Immunity by Activating Tyrosinase-Mediated Melanin Synthesis in Pteria penguin. Front Immunol 2021; 12:626493. [PMID: 34093521 PMCID: PMC8173187 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.626493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is an important transcription factor that plays a key role in melanogenesis, cell proliferation, survival and immune defense in vertebrate. However, its function and function mechanism in bivalve are still rarely known. In this research, first, a Mitf gene was characterized from Pteria penguin (P. penguin). The PpMitf contained an open reading frame of 1,350 bp, encoding a peptide of 449 deduced amino acids with a highly conserved basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (bHLH-LZ) domain. The PpMITF shared 55.7% identity with amino acid sequence of Crassostrea gigas (C. gigas). Tissue distribution analysis revealed that PpMitf was highly expressed in mantle and hemocytes, which were important tissues for color formation and innate immunity. Second, the functions of PpMitf in melanin synthesis and innate immunity were identified. The PpMitf silencing significantly decreased the tyrosinase activity and melanin content, indicating PpMitf involved in melanin synthesis of P. penguin. Meanwhile, the PpMitf silencing clearly down-regulated the expression of PpBcl2 (B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 gene) and antibacterial activity of hemolymph supernatant, indicating that PpMitf involved in innate immunity of P. penguin. Third, the function mechanism of PpMitf in immunity was analyzed. The promoter sequence analysis of tyrosinase (Tyr) revealed two highly conserved E-box elements, which were specifically recognized by HLH-LZ of MITF. The luciferase activities analysis showed that Mitf could activate the E-box in Tyr promoter through highly conserved bHLH-LZ domain, and demonstrated that PpMitf involved in melanin synthesis and innate immunity by regulating tyrosinase expression. Finally, melanin from P. penguin, the final production of Mitf-Tyr-melanin pathway, was confirmed to have direct antibacterial activity. The results collectively demonstrated that PpMitf played a key role in innate immunity through activating tyrosinase-mediated melanin synthesis in P. penguin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhiming Zhong
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Bingliang Qu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Meifang Wang
- Ocean College, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyong Yu
- Ocean College, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Ballotti R, Cheli Y, Bertolotto C. The complex relationship between MITF and the immune system: a Melanoma ImmunoTherapy (response) Factor? Mol Cancer 2020; 19:170. [PMID: 33276788 PMCID: PMC7718690 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitory therapy (ICT) in advanced melanomas is limited by primary and acquired resistance. The molecular determinants of the resistance have been extensively studied, but these discoveries have not yet been translated into therapeutic benefits. As such, a paradigm shift in melanoma treatment, to surmount the therapeutic impasses linked to the resistance, is an important ongoing challenge.This review outlines the multifaceted interplay between microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a major determinant of the biology of melanoma cells, and the immune system. In melanomas, MITF functions downstream oncogenic pathways and microenvironment stimuli that restrain the immune responses. We highlight how MITF, by controlling differentiation and genome integrity, may regulate melanoma-specific antigen expression by interfering with the endolysosomal pathway, KARS1, and antigen processing and presentation. MITF also modulates the expression of coinhibitory receptors, i.e., PD-L1 and HVEM, and the production of an inflammatory secretome, which directly affects the infiltration and/or activation of the immune cells.Furthermore, MITF is also a key determinant of melanoma cell plasticity and tumor heterogeneity, which are undoubtedly one of the major hurdles for an effective immunotherapy. Finally, we briefly discuss the role of MITF in kidney cancer, where it also plays a key role, and in immune cells, establishing MITF as a central mediator in the regulation of immune responses in melanoma and other cancers.We propose that a better understanding of MITF and immune system intersections could help in the tailoring of current ICT in melanomas and pave the way for clinical benefits and long-lasting responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ballotti
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Inserm, Biology and Pathologies of melanocytes, team1, Equipe labellisée Ligue 2020 and Equipe labellisée ARC 2019, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
| | - Yann Cheli
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
- Inserm, Biology and Pathologies of melanocytes, team1, Equipe labellisée Ligue 2020 and Equipe labellisée ARC 2019, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France
| | - Corine Bertolotto
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
- Inserm, Biology and Pathologies of melanocytes, team1, Equipe labellisée Ligue 2020 and Equipe labellisée ARC 2019, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Nice, France.
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11
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Wang D, Zhang S, Liu B. TAF5L functions as transcriptional coactivator of MITF involved in the immune response of the clam Meretrix petechialis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:1017-1023. [PMID: 31743760 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
TAF5L is a component of the P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) histone acetylase complex, which serves as a coactivator and takes part in basal transcription such as promoter recognition, complex assembly and transcription initiation. In our study, the full-length sequence of MpTAF5L was identified and characterized in the clam M. petechialis. Sequence analysis showed that the predicted MpTAF5L protein had a N-terminal TAF5-NTD2 domain and a C-terminal WD40-repeats domain. The annotation and evolutionary analysis revealed MpTAF5L had close evolutionary relationship with other invertebrate species. Tissue distribution analysis of TAF5L claimed that it was highly expressed in the mantle, adductor muscle, foot and hepatopancreas. The mRNA expression of MpTAF5L was significantly up-regulated after Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge, indicating its involvement in the immune response of clam. Yeast two-hybrid assays verified that MpTAF5L can interact with MpMITF (a critical immune-related transcription factor), and our further research clarified this interaction depended upon the N-terminal TAF5-NTD2 domain of MpTAF5L. Moreover, the mRNA expression of MpBcl-2 (a target gene of MITF) was significantly decreased but the mRNA expression of MpMITF was not significantly changed after knockdown of MpTAF5L, which indicated the reduction of MpMITF regulating activity at the same time. These results revealed that MpTAF5L interacted with MpMITF and enhanced the activation of MpMITF, which plays roles in the immune defense against V. parahaemolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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12
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Zhang S, Yu J, Wang H, Liu B, Yue X. p38 MAPK is involved in the immune response to pathogenic Vibrio in the clam Meretrix petechialis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:456-463. [PMID: 31669282 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in the response to various extracellular stimuli via regulating gene expression. In the present study, a p38 MAPK gene (MpP38) was identified from the clam Meretrix petechialis. The full-length cDNA of MpP38 measures 1,720 bp, consisting of a 134-bp 5'-UTR, a 1,095-bp ORF and a 491-bp 3'-UTR. Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of MpP38 increased after Vibrio challenge, implying that MpP38 is involved in clam immunity. Based on our previous study, a transcription factor activated by p38 MAPK, i.e. microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), participated in clam immunity by regulating the expression of phenoloxidase (PO). Coupled with other related reports, the mechanism underlying the involvement of MpP38 in clam immunity is most likely that pathogen stimuli induce the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and thus activate MITF to regulate the expression of the immune-related gene PO. The results obtained in this study support this mechanism. First, we found that the MpP38 phosphorylation level increased in response to Vibrio challenge. Second, as revealed by a yeast two-hybrid assay, there was a direct interaction between MpP38 and MITF. Meanwhile, inhibiting the phosphorylation of MpP38 decreased the phosphorylation level of MpMITF, implying that MpP38 phosphorylation is required for MpMITF activation. Additionally, our results showed that there was a regulatory relationship between MpP38 phosphorylation level and PO expression level. With increased MpP38 phosphorylation level, the PO expression level was also increased after Vibrio challenge; when MpP38 phosphorylation was inhibited, the PO expression level was significantly decreased. This study describes the immune function of p38 MAPK in the clam for the first time and analyses its potential underlying mechanism, which will help to elucidate the immune mechanism in the clam M. petechialis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, Anti-aging & Regenerative Medicine Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiajia Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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