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Urie RR, Morris A, Farris D, Hughes E, Xiao C, Chen J, Lombard E, Feng J, Li JZ, Goldstein DR, Shea LD. Biomarkers from subcutaneous engineered tissues predict acute rejection of organ allografts. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk6178. [PMID: 38748794 PMCID: PMC11095459 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk6178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Invasive graft biopsies assess the efficacy of immunosuppression through lagging indicators of transplant rejection. We report on a microporous scaffold implant as a minimally invasive immunological niche to assay rejection before graft injury. Adoptive transfer of T cells into Rag2-/- mice with mismatched allografts induced acute cellular allograft rejection (ACAR), with subsequent validation in wild-type animals. Following murine heart or skin transplantation, scaffold implants accumulate predominantly innate immune cells. The scaffold enables frequent biopsy, and gene expression analyses identified biomarkers of ACAR before clinical signs of graft injury. This gene signature distinguishes ACAR and immunodeficient respiratory infection before injury onset, indicating the specificity of the biomarkers to differentiate ACAR from other inflammatory insult. Overall, this implantable scaffold enables remote evaluation of the early risk of rejection, which could potentially be used to reduce the frequency of routine graft biopsy, reduce toxicities by personalizing immunosuppression, and prolong transplant life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell R. Urie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Aaron Morris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Diana Farris
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hughes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chengchuan Xiao
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Judy Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lombard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jiane Feng
- Animal Phenotyping Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jun Z. Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Daniel R. Goldstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Ashraf MI, Mengwasser J, Reutzel-Selke A, Polenz D, Führer K, Lippert S, Tang P, Michaelis E, Catar R, Pratschke J, Witzel C, Sauer IM, Tullius SG, Kern B. Depletion of donor dendritic cells ameliorates immunogenicity of both skin and hind limb transplants. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395945. [PMID: 38799435 PMCID: PMC11116604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute cellular rejection remains a significant obstacle affecting successful outcomes of organ transplantation including vascularized composite tissue allografts (VCA). Donor antigen presenting cells (APCs), particularly dendritic cells (DCs), orchestrate early alloimmune responses by activating recipient effector T cells. Employing a targeted approach, we investigated the impact of donor-derived conventional DCs (cDCs) and APCs on the immunogenicity of skin and skin-containing VCA grafts, using mouse models of skin and hind limb transplantation. By post-transplantation day 6, skin grafts demonstrated severe rejections, characterized by predominance of recipient CD4 T cells. In contrast, hind limb grafts showed moderate rejection, primarily infiltrated by CD8 T cells. Notably, the skin component exhibited heightened immunogenicity when compared to the entire VCA, evidenced by increased frequencies of pan (CD11b-CD11c+), mature (CD11b-CD11c+MHCII+) and active (CD11b-CD11c+CD40+) DCs and cDC2 subset (CD11b+CD11c+ MHCII+) in the lymphoid tissues and the blood of skin transplant recipients. While donor depletion of cDC and APC reduced frequencies, maturation and activation of DCs in all analyzed tissues of skin transplant recipients, reduction in DC activities was only observed in the spleen of hind limb recipients. Donor cDC and APC depletion did not impact all lymphocyte compartments but significantly affected CD8 T cells and activated CD4 T in lymph nodes of skin recipients. Moreover, both donor APC and cDC depletion attenuated the Th17 immune response, evident by significantly reduced Th17 (CD4+IL-17+) cells in the spleen of skin recipients and reduced levels of IL-17E and lymphotoxin-α in the serum samples of both skin and hind limb recipients. In conclusion, our findings underscore the highly immunogenic nature of skin component in VCA. The depletion of donor APCs and cDCs mitigates the immunogenicity of skin grafts while exerting minimal impact on VCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imtiaz Ashraf
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joerg Mengwasser
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anja Reutzel-Selke
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietrich Polenz
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirsten Führer
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Lippert
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Tang
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Edward Michaelis
- Department of Pathology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Healthy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johann Pratschke
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Witzel
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor M. Sauer
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan G. Tullius
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Einstein Berlin Institute of Health Visiting Fellow, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Kern
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin, Germany
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Schroth SL, Jones RTL, Thorp EB. Alloantigen Infusion Activates the Transcriptome of Type 2 Conventional Dendritic Cells. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:683-693. [PMID: 37855737 PMCID: PMC10615655 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed novel molecular mechanisms by which innate monocytic cells acutely recognize and respond to alloantigen with significance to allograft rejection and tolerance. What remains unclear is the single-cell heterogeneity of the innate alloresponse, particularly the contribution of dendritic cell (DC) subsets. To investigate the response of these cells to exposure of alloantigen, C57BL/6J mice were administered live allogenic BALB/cJ splenic murine cells versus isogenic cells. In parallel, we infused apoptotic allogenic and isogenic cells, which have been reported to modulate immunity. Forty-eight hours after injection, recipient spleens were harvested, enriched for DCs, and subjected to single-cell mRNA sequencing. Injection of live cells induced a greater transcriptional change across DC subsets compared with apoptotic cells. In the setting of live cell infusion, type 2 conventional DCs (cDC2s) were most transcriptionally responsive with a Ccr2+ cDC2 subcluster uniquely responding to the presence of alloantigen compared with the isogenic control. In vitro experimentation confirmed unique activation of CCR2+ cDC2s following alloantigen exposure. Candidate receptors of allorecognition in other innate populations were interrogated and A type paired Ig-like receptors were found to be increased in the cDC2 population following alloexposure. These results illuminate previously unclear distinctions between therapeutic infusions of live versus apoptotic allogenic cells and suggest a role for cDC2s in innate allorecognition. More critically, these studies allow for future interrogation of the transcriptional response of immune cells in the setting of alloantigen exposure in vivo, encouraging assessment of novel pathways and previously unexamined receptors in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Schroth
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Rebecca T. L. Jones
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Edward B. Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Wu Z, Liang J, Zhu S, Liu N, Zhao M, Xiao F, Li G, Yu C, Jin C, Ma J, Sun T, Zhu P. Single-cell analysis of graft-infiltrating host cells identifies caspase-1 as a potential therapeutic target for heart transplant rejection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1251028. [PMID: 37781362 PMCID: PMC10535112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1251028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying early allograft rejection is crucial for the development of effective immunosuppressant strategies. This study aims to investigate the cellular composition of graft-infiltrating cells during the early rejection stage at a single-cell level and identify potential therapeutic targets. Methods A heterotopic heart transplant model was established using enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP)-expressing mice as recipients of allogeneic or syngeneic grafts. At 3 days post-transplant, eGFP-positive cells infiltrating the grafts were sorted and subjected to single-cell RNA-seq analysis. Potential molecular targets were evaluated by assessing graft survival and functions following administration of various pharmacological inhibitors. Results A total of 27,053 cells recovered from syngrafts and allografts were classified into 20 clusters based on expression profiles and annotated with a reference dataset. Innate immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, constituted the major infiltrating cell types (>90%) in the grafts. Lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells represented a smaller population. Allografts exhibited significantly increased proportions of monocyte-derived cells involved in antigen processing and presentation, as well as activated lymphocytes, as compared to syngrafts. Differential expression analysis revealed upregulation of interferon activation-related genes in the innate immune cells infiltrating allografts. Pro-inflammatory polarization gene signatures were also enriched in these infiltrating cells of allografts. Gene profiling and intercellular communication analysis identified natural killer cells as the primary source of interferon-γ signaling, activating inflammatory monocytes that displayed strong signals of major histocompatibility complexes and co-stimulatory molecules. The inflammatory response was also associated with promoted T cell proliferation and activation in allografts during the early transplant stages. Notably, caspase-1 exhibited specific upregulation in inflammatory monocytes in response to interferon signaling. The regulon analysis also revealed a significant enrichment of interferon-related motifs within the transcriptional regulatory network of downstream inflammatory genes including caspase-1. Remarkably, pharmacological inhibition of caspase-1 was shown to reduce immune infiltration, prevent acute graft rejection, and improve cardiac contractile function. Conclusion The single-cell transcriptional profile highlighted the crucial role of caspase-1 in interferon-mediated inflammatory monocytes infiltrating heart transplants, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for attenuating rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jialiang Liang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuoji Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nanbo Liu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanhua Li
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengyu Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinshan Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tucheng Sun
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Targeted Prevention and Treatment of Heart Disease, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Cardiac Pathogenesis and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zhu Y, Dun H, Ye L, Terada Y, Shriver LP, Patti GJ, Kreisel D, Gelman AE, Wong BW. Targeting fatty acid β-oxidation impairs monocyte differentiation and prolongs heart allograft survival. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e151596. [PMID: 35239515 PMCID: PMC9057610 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes play an important role in the regulation of alloimmune responses after heart transplantation (HTx). Recent studies have highlighted the importance of immunometabolism in the differentiation and function of myeloid cells. While the importance of glucose metabolism in monocyte differentiation and function has been reported, a role for fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) has not been explored. Heterotopic HTx was performed using hearts from BALB/c donor mice implanted into C57BL/6 recipient mice and treated with etomoxir (eto), an irreversible inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (Cpt1), a rate-limiting step of FAO, or vehicle control. FAO inhibition prolonged HTx survival, reduced early T cell infiltration/activation, and reduced DC and macrophage infiltration to heart allografts of eto-treated recipients. ELISPOT demonstrated that splenocytes from eto-treated HTx recipients were less reactive to activated donor antigen-presenting cells. FAO inhibition reduced monocyte-to-DC and monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation in vitro and in vivo. FAO inhibition did not alter the survival of heart allografts when transplanted into Ccr2-deficient recipients, suggesting that the effects of FAO inhibition were dependent on monocyte mobilization. Finally, we confirmed the importance of FAO on monocyte differentiation in vivo using conditional deletion of Cpt1a. Our findings demonstrate that targeting FAO attenuates alloimmunity after HTx, in part through impairing monocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Surgery
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrew E. Gelman
- Department of Surgery
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Bittner GD, Bushman JS, Ghergherehchi CL, Roballo KCS, Shores JT, Smith TA. Typical and atypical properties of peripheral nerve allografts enable novel strategies to repair segmental-loss injuries. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:60. [PMID: 35227261 PMCID: PMC8886977 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We review data showing that peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) that involve the loss of a nerve segment are the most common type of traumatic injury to nervous systems. Segmental-loss PNIs have a poor prognosis compared to other injuries, especially when one or more mixed motor/sensory nerves are involved and are typically the major source of disability associated with extremities that have sustained other injuries. Relatively little progress has been made, since the treatment of segmental loss PNIs with cable autografts that are currently the gold standard for repair has slow and incomplete (often non-existent) functional recovery. Viable peripheral nerve allografts (PNAs) to repair segmental-loss PNIs have not been experimentally or clinically useful due to their immunological rejection, Wallerian degeneration (WD) of anucleate donor graft and distal host axons, and slow regeneration of host axons, leading to delayed re-innervation and producing atrophy or degeneration of distal target tissues. However, two significant advances have recently been made using viable PNAs to repair segmental-loss PNIs: (1) hydrogel release of Treg cells that reduce the immunological response and (2) PEG-fusion of donor PNAs that reduce the immune response, reduce and/or suppress much WD, immediately restore axonal conduction across the donor graft and re-innervate many target tissues, and restore much voluntary behavioral functions within weeks, sometimes to levels approaching that of uninjured nerves. We review the rather sparse cellular/biochemical data for rejection of conventional PNAs and their acceptance following Treg hydrogel and PEG-fusion of PNAs, as well as cellular and systemic data for their acceptance and remarkable behavioral recovery in the absence of tissue matching or immune suppression. We also review typical and atypical characteristics of PNAs compared with other types of tissue or organ allografts, problems and potential solutions for PNA use and storage, clinical implications and commercial availability of PNAs, and future possibilities for PNAs to repair segmental-loss PNIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D Bittner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Jared S Bushman
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82072, USA
| | - Cameron L Ghergherehchi
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Jaimie T Shores
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Tyler A Smith
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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Zhang W, Park HB, Yadav D, Hwang J, An EK, Eom HY, Kim SJ, Kwak M, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Comparison of human peripheral blood dendritic cell activation by four fucoidans. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 174:477-484. [PMID: 33513426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brown seaweed is an important source of fucoidan, which displays immunomodulatory effects by activating various immune cells. However, these effects of fucoidans from various sources of brown seaweed have not yet been explored in human blood dendritic cells. We studied fucoidans extracted from Ecklonia cava, Macrocystis pyrifera, Undaria pinnatifida, and Fucus vesiculosus for their effects on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MODC) and human peripheral blood DC (PBDC) activation. Ecklonia cava fucoidan (ECF) strongly upregulated co-stimulatory molecules, major histocompatibility complex class I and II, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines in MODCs and PBDCs compared to those by the other three fucoidans. Moreover, ECF elicited the strongest effect in the induction of syngeneic T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production compared to those of other fucoidans. These results suggest that ECF could be a suitable candidate molecule for enhancing immune activation in humans compared to that with the other three fucoidans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Hae-Bin Park
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun-Koung An
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Hee-Yun Eom
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - So-Jung Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, South Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
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