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Chen Z, Gou Q, Yuan Y, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Liao J, Zeng X, Jing H, Jiang S, Zhang W, Zeng H, Huang W, Zou Q, Zhang J. Vaccination with a trivalent Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccine confers protection in a murine model of pneumonia. Vaccine 2024; 42:126217. [PMID: 39163713 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is an opportunistic pathogen and the major cause of healthcare-associated infections, which are increasingly complicated by the prevalence of highly invasive and hyper-virulent K. pneumoniae strains, necessitating the development of alternative strategies for combatting infections caused by this bacterium. In this study, we successfully constructed a fusion antigen called KP-Ag1, comprising three antigens (GlnH, FimA, and KPN_00466) that were previously identified through reverse vaccinology. Immunization with KP-Ag1 formulated with Al(OH)3 adjuvant elicited robust humoral and cellular immune response in mice, and conferred protective immunity in a murine model of K. pneumoniae lung infection. Further analysis of serum IgG subtypes from mice immunized with KP-Ag1 revealed a predominant IgG1 response, indicating that KP-Ag1 predominantly induces a Th2-biased immune response. Additionally, opsonophagocytic killing assay suggested that humoral immune responses play a pivotal role in mediating protection conferred by KP-Ag1. Moreover, KP-Ag1 was found to promote the activation and maturation of BMDCs in vitro, which is essential for subsequent efficient antigen presentation. More importantly, vaccination with KP-Ag1 demonstrated cross-protective efficacy against clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae varying in serotypes, antibiotic resistance, and virulence profiles. Therefore, KP-Ag1 holds promise as a candidate for K. pneumoniae vaccine development.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Klebsiella pneumoniae/immunology
- Klebsiella Infections/prevention & control
- Klebsiella Infections/immunology
- Mice
- Disease Models, Animal
- Antibodies, Bacterial/blood
- Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology
- Bacterial Vaccines/immunology
- Bacterial Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Female
- Immunity, Humoral
- Vaccination/methods
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Pneumonia, Bacterial/prevention & control
- Pneumonia, Bacterial/immunology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Immunity, Cellular
- Cross Protection/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Qiang Gou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yue Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jingwen Liao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Haiming Jing
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Shichun Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Hao Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Jinyong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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Li Y, Pu R, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Zeng S, Gao C, Wang Y, Yin D, Zhang Y, Wan J, Zou Q, Gu J. Self-assembled ferritin nanoparticles displaying PcrV and OprI as an adjuvant-free Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1184863. [PMID: 37415986 PMCID: PMC10321299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1184863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Serious infections of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in hospitals and the emergence and increase of multidrug resistance have raised an urgent need for effective vaccines. However, no vaccine has been approved to date. One possible reason for this is the limited immune response due to the lack of an efficient delivery system. Self-assembled ferritin nanoparticles are good carriers of heterogeneous antigens, which enhance the activation of immunological responses. Methods In this study, two well-studied antigen candidates, PcrV and OprI, were selected and connected to the ferritin nanoparticle by the Spytag/SpyCatcher system to generate the nanovaccine rePO-FN. Results Compared to recombinant PcrV-OprI formulated with aluminum adjuvants, intramuscular immunization with adjuvant-free rePO-FN induced quick and efficient immunity and conferred protection against PA pneumonia in mice. In addition, intranasal immunization with adjuvant-free rePO-FN enhanced protective mucosal immunity. Moreover, rePO-FN exhibited good biocompatibility and safety. Discussion Our results suggest that rePO-FN is a promising vaccine candidate, as well as, provide additional evidence for the success of ferritin-based nanovaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruixue Pu
- The Third Outpatient Department, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujie Wei
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- 953th Hospital, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Shigatse, China
| | - Daijiajia Yin
- Health Management Center, PLA Hangzhou Sanatorium, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiqing Wan
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quanming Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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3
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Howlader DR, Das S, Lu T, Mandal RS, Hu G, Varisco DJ, Dietz ZK, Ratnakaram SSK, Ernst RK, Picking WD, Picking WL. A protein subunit vaccine elicits a balanced immune response that protects against Pseudomonas pulmonary infection. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:37. [PMID: 36918600 PMCID: PMC10012293 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) causes severe nosocomial infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals and the elderly. Increasing drug resistance, the absence of a licensed vaccine and increased hospitalizations due to SARS-CoV-2 have made Pa a major healthcare risk. To address this, we formulated a candidate subunit vaccine against Pa (L-PaF), by fusing the type III secretion system tip and translocator proteins with LTA1 in an oil-in-water emulsion (ME). This was mixed with the TLR4 agonist (BECC438b). Lung mRNA sequencing showed that the formulation activates genes from multiple immunological pathways eliciting a protective Th1-Th17 response following IN immunization. Following infection, however, the immunized mice showed an adaptive response while the PBS-vaccinated mice experienced rapid onset of an inflammatory response. The latter displayed a hypoxic lung environment with high bacterial burden. Finally, the importance of IL-17 and immunoglobulins were demonstrated using knockout mice. These findings suggest a need for a balanced humoral and cellular response to prevent the onset of Pa infection and that our formulation could elicit such a response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debaki R Howlader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Sayan Das
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ti Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Rahul Shubhra Mandal
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - David J Varisco
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Zackary K Dietz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | | | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - William D Picking
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Wendy L Picking
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA.
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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4
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Wood SJ, Kuzel TM, Shafikhani SH. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Infections, Animal Modeling, and Therapeutics. Cells 2023; 12:199. [PMID: 36611992 PMCID: PMC9818774 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen which causes many severe acute and chronic infections with high morbidity, and mortality rates as high as 40%. What makes P. aeruginosa a particularly challenging pathogen is its high intrinsic and acquired resistance to many of the available antibiotics. In this review, we review the important acute and chronic infections caused by this pathogen. We next discuss various animal models which have been developed to evaluate P. aeruginosa pathogenesis and assess therapeutics against this pathogen. Next, we review current treatments (antibiotics and vaccines) and provide an overview of their efficacies and their limitations. Finally, we highlight exciting literature on novel antibiotic-free strategies to control P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Wood
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, & Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Timothy M. Kuzel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, & Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sasha H. Shafikhani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, & Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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5
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Gao C, Chen Y, Cheng X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Cui Z, Liao Y, Luo P, Wu W, Wang C, Zeng H, Zou Q, Gu J. A novel structurally identified epitope delivered by macrophage membrane-coated PLGA nanoparticles elicits protection against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:532. [PMID: 36517801 PMCID: PMC9750051 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01725-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) raises an urgent need for an effective vaccine. The outer membrane proteins of PA, especially those that are upregulated during infection, are ideal vaccine targets. However, the strong hydrophobicity of these proteins hinders their application for this purpose. In this study, we selected eight outer membrane proteins from PA with the most significantly upregulated expression. Their extracellular loops were analyzed and screened by using sera from patients who had recovered from PA infection. As a result, a novel immunogenic epitope (Ep167-193) from PilY1 (PA4554) was found. Moreover, we constructed a macrophage membrane-coated PLGA (poly lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle vaccine carrying PilY1 Ep167-193 (PNPs@M-Ep167-193) that elicits a Th2 immune response and confers adequate protection in mice. Our data furnished the promising vaccine candidate PNPs@M-Ep167-193 while providing additional evidence for structure-based epitope identification and vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Chongqing, Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Xin Cheng
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yueyue Zhang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682953Th Hospital, Shigatse Branch, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, (Third Military Medical University), Shigatse, 857000 China
| | - Zhiyuan Cui
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaling Liao
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Luo
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihui Wu
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Chongqing, Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Hao Zeng
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanming Zou
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Gu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, The 30th, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
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Intranasal Vaccination with rePcrV Protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Generates Lung Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:1403788. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1403788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are immune sentinels that bear a key role in the local immune system and rapidly respond to infection. Our previous studies showed that mucosal immunization via intranasal pathways was more effective than intramuscular route. However, the mechanism of enhanced protective immunity remains unclear. Here, we formulated a Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine composed of type III secretion protein PcrV from P. aeruginosa and curdlan adjuvant and then administered by the intranasal route. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining showed that the ratio of CD44+CD62L-CD69+CD4+ TRM cells induced by this vaccine was significantly increased, and IL-17A production was notably enhanced. Further analysis revealed that vaccinated mice can protect against the P. aeruginosa challenge even after administration with FTY720 treatment. What is more, our results showed that CD4+ TRM might be involved in the recruitment of neutrophils and provided partial protection against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Taken together, these data demonstrated that CD4+ TRM cells were elicited in lung tissues after immunization with rePcrV and contributed to protective immunity. Furthermore, it provided novel strategies for the development of vaccines for P. aeruginosa and other respiratory-targeted vaccines.
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7
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Tobuse AJ, Ang CW, Yeong KY. Modern vaccine development via reverse vaccinology to combat antimicrobial resistance. Life Sci 2022; 302:120660. [PMID: 35642852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
With the continuous evolution of bacteria, the global antimicrobial resistance health threat is causing millions of deaths yearly. While depending on antibiotics as a primary treatment has its merits, there are no effective alternatives thus far in the pharmaceutical market against some drug-resistant bacteria. In recent years, vaccinology has become a key topic in scientific research. Combining with the growth of technology, vaccine research is seeing a new light where the process is made faster and more efficient. Although less discussed, bacterial vaccine is a feasible strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance. Some vaccines have shown promising results with good efficacy against numerous multidrug-resistant strains of bacteria. In this review, we aim to discuss the findings from studies utilizing reverse vaccinology for vaccine development against some multidrug-resistant bacteria, as well as provide a summary of multi-year bacterial vaccine studies in clinical trials. The advantages of reverse vaccinology in the generation of new bacterial vaccines are also highlighted. Meanwhile, the limitations and future prospects of bacterial vaccine concludes this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Joy Tobuse
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wei Ang
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Keng Yoon Yeong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
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8
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Urso A, Prince A. Anti-Inflammatory Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:925746. [PMID: 35782110 PMCID: PMC9240774 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.925746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Host and pathogen metabolism have a major impact on the outcome of infection. The microenvironment consisting of immune and stromal cells drives bacterial proliferation and adaptation, while also shaping the activity of the immune system. The abundant metabolites itaconate and adenosine are classified as anti-inflammatory, as they help to contain the local damage associated with inflammation, oxidants and proteases. A growing literature details the many roles of these immunometabolites in the pathogenesis of infection and their diverse functions in specific tissues. Some bacteria, notably P. aeruginosa, actively metabolize these compounds, others, such as S. aureus respond by altering their own metabolic programs selecting for optimal fitness. For most of the model systems studied to date, these immunometabolites promote a milieu of tolerance, limiting local immune clearance mechanisms, along with promoting bacterial adaptation. The generation of metabolites such as adenosine and itaconate can be host protective. In the setting of acute inflammation, these compounds also represent potential therapeutic targets to prevent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Prince
- *Correspondence: Alice Prince, ; Andreacarola Urso,
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9
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Goldberg JB, Crisan CV, Luu JM. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Antivirulence Strategies: Targeting the Type III Secretion System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1386:257-280. [PMID: 36258075 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion system (T3SS) is a complex molecular machine that delivers toxic proteins from the bacterial cytoplasm directly into host cells. This apparatus spans the inner and outer membrane and employs a needle-like structure that penetrates through the eucaryotic cell membrane into the host cell cytosol. The expression of the P. aeruginosa T3SS is highly regulated by environmental signals including low calcium and host cell contact. P. aeruginosa strains with mutations in T3SS genes are less pathogenic, suggesting that the T3SS is a virulence mechanism. Given that P. aeruginosa is naturally antibiotic resistant and multidrug resistant isolates are rapidly emerging, new antibiotics to target P. aeruginosa are needed. Furthermore, even if new antibiotics were to be developed, the timeline between when an antibiotic is released and resistance development is relatively short. Therefore, the concept of targeting virulence factors has garnered attention. So-called "antivirulence" approaches do not kill the microbe but instead focus on rendering it harmless and therefore unable to cause damage. Since these therapies target a particular system or pathway, the normal microbiome is unlikely to be affected and there is less concern about the spread to other microbes. Finally, and most importantly, since any antivirulence drug does not kill the microbe, there should be less selective pressure to develop resistance to these inhibitors. The P. aeruginosa T3SS has been well studied due to its importance for pathogenesis in numerous human and animal infections. Thus, many P. aeruginosa T3SS inhibitors have been described as potential antivirulence therapeutics, some of which have progressed to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna B Goldberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airway Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Cristian V Crisan
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airway Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Justin M Luu
- Division of Pulmonary, Asthma, Cystic Fibrosis, and Sleep, Department of Pediatrics and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Airway Disease Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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