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Gumkowska-Sroka O, Kotyla K, Kotyla P. Immunogenetics of Systemic Sclerosis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:586. [PMID: 38790215 PMCID: PMC11121022 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disorder characterized by massive fibrosis, vascular damage, and immune imbalance. Advances in rheumatology and immunology over the past two decades have led to a redefinition of systemic sclerosis, shifting from its initial perception as primarily a "hyperfibrotic" state towards a recognition of systemic sclerosis as an immune-mediated disease. Consequently, the search for genetic markers has transitioned from focusing on fibrotic mechanisms to exploring immune regulatory pathways. Immunogenetics, an emerging field at the intersection of immunology, molecular biology, and genetics has provided valuable insights into inherited factors that influence immunity. Data from genetic studies conducted thus far indicate that alterations in genetic messages can significantly impact disease risk and progression. While certain genetic variations may confer protective effects, others may exacerbate disease susceptibility. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the most relevant genetic changes that influence both the risk and course of systemic sclerosis. Special emphasis is placed on factors regulating the immune response, recognizing their pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Przemysław Kotyla
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia, Voivodeship Hospital No. 5, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (O.G.-S.); (K.K.)
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Wu Z, Li H, Xu H, Feng F, Zhang F, Zhang S, Wang L, Li Y. ChIP-seq analysis found IL21R, a target gene of GTF2I-the susceptibility gene for primary biliary cholangitis in Chinese Han. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:509-516. [PMID: 37713154 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10586-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Aimed to identify a new susceptibility gene associated with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in Chinese Han and investigate the possible mechanism of that gene in PBC. METHODS A total of 466 PBC and 694 healthy controls (HC) were included in our study, and genotyping GTF2I gene variants by Sequenom. CD19 + B cells were isolated for Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq). Additionally, MEME-ChIP was utilized to perform searches for known motifs and de novo motif discovery. The GTF2I ChIP-seq of hematopoietic cell line (K562) results were obtained from ENCODE (GSE176987, GSE177691). The Genomic HyperBrowser was used to determine overlap and hierarchal clustering between ours and ENCODE datasets. RESULTS The frequency of the rs117026326 variant T allele was significantly higher in PBC patients than that in HC (20.26% compared with 13.89%, Pc = 1.09E-04). Furthermore, we observed an elevated proportion of GTF2I binding site located in the upstream and 5' UTR of genes in PBC in comparison with HC. Additionally, an in-depth analysis of IL21R region revealed that GTF2I might bind to the IL21R promoter to regulate the expression of the IL21R, with four peaks of GTF2I binding sites, including three increased binding sites in upstream, one increased binding site in 5' UTR. Motif analysis by MEME-ChIP uncovered five significant motifs. A significant overlap between our ChIP and GSE176987, GSE17769 were found by the Genomic HyperBroswer. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed that GTF2I was associated with PBC in Chinese Han. Furthermore, our gene function analysis indicated that IL21R may be the target gene regulated by GTF2I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Haolong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Honglin Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Futai Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shulan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongzhe Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Zhang M, Liu Z, Zhu Y, Wu K, Zhou L, Peng Y, Pan J, Chen B, Wang X, Chen S. Associations of genetic variants within TYK2 with pulmonary tuberculosis among Chinese population. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2386. [PMID: 38337161 PMCID: PMC10858315 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a common infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and the present study aims to explore the associations of genetic variants within tyrosine kinases 2 (TYK2) with PTB incidence. METHODS A population-based case control study including 168 smear-positive PTB cases and 251 controls was conducted. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including rs280520, rs91755, rs2304256, rs12720270, rs280519 located within TYK2 gene were selected and MassARRAY® MALDI-TOF system was employed for genotyping. SPSS 19.0 was adopted for statistical analysis, non-conditional logistic regression was conducted. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were computed to estimate their contributions to PTB incidence. RESULTS In the overall study population, rs91755 TT and rs280519 AA genotypes were found to be associated with reduced PTB risk (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.16-0.72; OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18-0.79, respectively). After stratification for sex, we found that among the male population, rs91755TG/TT, rs12720270AG/GG and rs280519AG/AA genotypes were associated with reduced PTB risk (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21-0.80; OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.21-0.94; OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.21-0.82, respectively). After stratification for age, we found that among those aged <60 years, rs91755TT and rs280519AA genotype were associated with reduced PTB risk (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.09-0.90; OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.11-1.08, respectively); while rs2304256AC/AA genotype was associated with increased PTB risk (OR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.05-6.85). Haplotype analysis revealed that AGAAG and ATCGA (Combined with rs280520, rs91755, rs2304256, rs12720270 and rs280519) were associated with increased (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.01-2.37) and decreased PTB risk (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.52-0.94), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The genetic variants located within TYK2 including rs91755, rs12720270 and rs280519 were found to be associated with modified PTB risk and the SNPs had potential to be the biomarkers to predict PTB incidence risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwu Zhang
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Zhengwei Liu
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Yelei Zhu
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Kunyang Wu
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Lin Zhou
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Ying Peng
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Junhang Pan
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Bin Chen
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
| | - Songhua Chen
- Tuberculosis Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou CityChina
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Kuznetsov D, Kalyuzhin O, Mironov A, Neschisliaev V, Kuznetsova A. A case of vitiligo after COVID-19 vaccination: a possible role of thymic dysfunction. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2023; 24:1141-1150. [PMID: 38057270 PMCID: PMC10710914 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, vaccines help control the spread of infection. To date, 47 vaccines have been approved, with another 227 candidates in various stages of development. In the short period of time since the beginning of their use, evidence has begun to emerge of complications following vaccination in the form of the development or exacerbation of a number of pathological conditions (Block et al., 2022; Haseeb et al., 2022). For example, a population-based study in France identified 1612 cases of myocarditis and 1613 cases of pericarditis requiring hospital treatment within five months of vaccination (le Vu et al., 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Kuznetsov
- G N. Gabrichevsky Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow 125212, Russia.
| | - Oleg Kalyuzhin
- I M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey Mironov
- G N. Gabrichevsky Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow 125212, Russia
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Giriyappagoudar M, Vastrad B, Horakeri R, Vastrad C. Study on Potential Differentially Expressed Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Bioinformatics and Next-Generation Sequencing Data Analysis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3109. [PMID: 38137330 PMCID: PMC10740779 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease with reduced quality of life and earlier mortality, but its pathogenesis and key genes are still unclear. In this investigation, bioinformatics was used to deeply analyze the pathogenesis of IPF and related key genes, so as to investigate the potential molecular pathogenesis of IPF and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Next-generation sequencing dataset GSE213001 was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between IPF and normal control group. The DEGs between IPF and normal control group were screened with the DESeq2 package of R language. The Gene Ontology (GO) and REACTOME pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed. Using the g:Profiler, the function and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed. Then, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via the Integrated Interactions Database (IID) database. Cytoscape with Network Analyzer was used to identify the hub genes. miRNet and NetworkAnalyst databaseswereused to construct the targeted microRNAs (miRNAs), transcription factors (TFs), and small drug molecules. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to validate the hub genes. A total of 958 DEGs were screened out in this study, including 479 up regulated genes and 479 down regulated genes. Most of the DEGs were significantly enriched in response to stimulus, GPCR ligand binding, microtubule-based process, and defective GALNT3 causes HFTC. In combination with the results of the PPI network, miRNA-hub gene regulatory network and TF-hub gene regulatory network, hub genes including LRRK2, BMI1, EBP, MNDA, KBTBD7, KRT15, OTX1, TEKT4, SPAG8, and EFHC2 were selected. Cyclothiazide and rotigotinethe are predicted small drug molecules for IPF treatment. Our findings will contribute to identification of potential biomarkers and novel strategies for the treatment of IPF, and provide a novel strategy for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttanagouda Giriyappagoudar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Hubballi 580022, Karnataka, India;
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. Socitey’s College of Pharmacy, Gadag 582101, Karnataka, India;
| | - Rajeshwari Horakeri
- Department of Computer Science, Govt First Grade College, Hubballi 580032, Karnataka, India;
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
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Chen H, Wu Z, Li L, Li Y, Liu C, Yan S. Several genetic variants associated with systemic sclerosis in a Chinese Han population. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:773-781. [PMID: 36301368 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease with ethnic differences. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ARID3A, CXCR5, and TNFSF8 genes have been reported to be associated with various autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between these SNPs and susceptibility to SSc in a Chinese Han population. METHODS A case-control study was conducted in 342 patients with SSc and 694 ethnically matched healthy controls. SNPs in ARID3A, CXCR5, and TNFSF8 were genotyped using a Sequenom MassArray iPLEX system, and allele association analyses were performed using the PLINK v1.90 software. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that the ARID3A rs10415976 G and CXCR5 rs77871618 T alleles were suggestively associated with patients with SSc (P = 0.049 and P = 0.024, respectively) and TNFSF8 rs1555457 T allele was strongly associated with SSc (P = 0.003). Patients carrying the ARID3A rs350146 TT and TNFSF8 rs1555457 TT genotypes had a significant increased risk of SSc (P = 0.03 and P = 0.004, respectively). Moreover, rs10415976, rs77871618, and rs1555457 were associated with SSc in an additive genetic model (P < 0.05). rs62132345 and rs1555457 were associated with SSc in the dominant genetic model (P < 0.05). rs350146 was associated with SSc in the recessive genetic model (P = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS ARID3A rs10415976, ARID3A rs350146, and CXCR5 rs77871618 were suggestively associated with SSc and TNFSF8 rs1555457 was strongly associated with SSc in the Chinese Han population in this study. Key Points • This case-control study determined that ARID3A rs10415976, ARID3A rs350146 and CXCR5 rs77871618 were suggestively associated with SSc and TNFSF8 rs1555457 was strongly associated with SSc in the Chinese Han population. • The differences in these results compared with previous studies may be a result of ethnic and racial differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Liubing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yongzhe Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Chenxi Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Songxin Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100730, China
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Lin X, Ding M, Chen T, Min S, Wang D, Jiang G. Peripheral blood IL-6 levels in systemic sclerosis patients: Correlation between IL-6 levels and clinical phenotypes. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6086-6091. [PMID: 35634998 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Detect the expression of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and assess its association with clinical and laboratory features of the disease. METHODS The clinical data from 50 patients with SSc in the affiliated hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China were retrospectively analyzed. The level of IL-6 in peripheral blood of systemic sclerosis patients was compared between the different clinical phenotypes groups. Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the correlation of the IL-6 with C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), creatinine, and cystatin C. RESULTS Interleukin-6 increased in the disease course ≥5 years, systemic sclerosis-Interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), gastrointestinal involvement, and cardiac involvement group compared with the group with disease course <5 years, no SSc-ILD, PAH, gastrointestinal involvement, and no cardiac involvement group. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that IL-6 in the group with disease course ≥5 years had a positive correlation with ESR (Rs = 0.438, p = 0.022) and CRP (Rs = 0.825, P < 0.001), whereas it was negatively correlated with creatinine (Rs = -0.481, p = 0.011). Nevertheless, when it came to disease course <5 years, the figures had no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION Serum IL-6 in patients with systemic sclerosis is related to different clinical phenotypes. IL-6 helps to diagnose various phases of diseases, monitor severities of diseases, and predict the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Department of dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingming Ding
- Department of dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tan Chen
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Min
- Department of dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Wang
- Department of dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guan Jiang
- Department of dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Human thymoma-associated mutation of the GTF2I transcription factor impairs thymic epithelial progenitor differentiation in mice. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1037. [PMID: 36175547 PMCID: PMC9522929 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Few human tumours present with a recurrent pathognomonic mutation in a transcription factor. Thymomas are an exception, with the majority of some subtypes exhibiting a distinct somatically acquired missense mutation in the general transcription factor GTF2I. Co-dominant expression of wild-type and mutated forms of Gtf2i in the mouse thymic epithelium is associated with aberrant thymic architecture and reduced thymopoietic activity. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of the mutant epithelium indicates that medullary differentiation is particularly affected as a result of impaired differentiation of bi-potent epithelial progenitors. The resulting gene expression signature is dominated by that of immature cortex-like thymic epithelial cells. TCR repertoire analysis of the cytopenic T cell compartment indicates efficient intrathymic selection; hence, despite marked homeostatic proliferation of T cell clones, autoimmunity is not observed. Thus, our transgenic mouse model recapitulates some aspects of the pathophysiology of a genetically defined type of human thymoma. Thymic architecture and T cell repertoire analysis of a mouse model for thymoma and the role of the transcription factor GTF2I shows suitability of this model to recapitulate human thymomas and a severe effect of Gtf2i mutations on the medullary compartment.
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Recent advances in elucidating the genetic basis of systemic sclerosis. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2022; 34:295-301. [PMID: 35979692 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disorder that affects the connective tissue and causes severe vascular damage and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. There are recent advances in the field that apply novel methods to high throughput genotype information of thousands of patients with SSc and provide promising results towards the use of genomic data to help SSc diagnosis and clinical care. RECENT FINDINGS This review addresses the development of the first SSc genomic risk score, which can contribute to differentiating SSc patients from healthy controls and other immune-mediated diseases. Moreover, we explore the implementation of data mining strategies on the results of genome-wide association studies to highlight subtype-specific HLA class II associations and a strong association of the HLA class I locus with SSc for the first time. Finally, the combination of genomic data with transcriptomics informed drug repurposing and genetic association studies in well characterized SSc patient cohorts identified markers of severe complications of the disease. SUMMARY Early diagnosis and clinical management of SSc and SSc-related complications are still challenging for rheumatologists. The development of predictive models and tools using genotype data may help to finally deliver personalized clinical care and treatment for patients with SSc in the near future.
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Zhang L, Wax J, Huang R, Petersen F, Yu X. Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Association between a Hypoactive NCF1 Variant and Various Autoimmune Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1589. [PMID: 36009308 PMCID: PMC9404811 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic association studies have discovered the GTF2I-NCF1 intergenic region as a strong susceptibility locus for multiple autoimmune disorders, with the missense mutation NCF1 rs201802880 as the causal polymorphism. In this work, we aimed to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis of the association of the GTF2I-NCF1 locus with various autoimmune diseases and to provide a systemic review on potential mechanisms underlying the effect of the causal NCF1 risk variants. The frequencies of the two most extensively investigated polymorphisms within the locus, GTF2I rs117026326 and NCF1 rs201802880, vary remarkably across the world, with the highest frequencies in East Asian populations. Meta-analysis showed that the GTF2I-NCF1 locus is significantly associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The causal NCF1 rs201802880 polymorphism leads to an amino acid substitution of p.Arg90His in the p47phox subunit of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase. The autoimmune disease risk His90 variant results in a reduced ROS production in phagocytes. Clinical and experimental evidence shows that the hypoactive His90 variant might contribute to the development of autoimmune disorders via multiple mechanisms, including impairing the clearance of apoptotic cells, regulating the mitochondria ROS-associated formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, promoting the activation and differentiation of autoreactive T cells, and enhancing type I IFN responses. In conclusion, the identification of the association of NCF1 with autoimmune disorders demonstrates that ROS is an essential regulator of immune tolerance and autoimmunity mediated disease manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Priority Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Wax
- Priority Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Renliang Huang
- Hainan Women and Children’s Medical Center, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Frank Petersen
- Priority Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Xinhua Yu
- Priority Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 23845 Borstel, Germany
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