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Wang J, Zhu X, Wu Y. Mer activation ameliorates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating microglial polarization and neuroinflammation via SOCS3 in male rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:7037-7050. [PMID: 38639897 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that M1 microglial polarization and neuroinflammation worsen the development of neuropathic pain. However, the mechanisms underlying microglial activation during neuropathic pain remain incompletely understood. Myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (Mer), which is a member of the Tyro-Axl-Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, plays a crucial role in the regulation of microglial polarization. However, the effect of Mer on microglial polarization during neuropathic pain has not been determined. In this study, western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to examine the role of Mer in pain hypersensitivity and microglial polarization in rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. The results indicated that Mer expression in microglia was prominently increased in the spinal cords of rats subjected to CCI. Furthermore, treatment with recombinant protein S (PS, an activator of Mer) alleviated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, promoted the switch in microglia from the M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype, and ameliorated neuroinflammation in rats subjected to CCI. However, the use of suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) siRNA abolished these changes. These results indicated that Mer regulated M1/M2 microglial polarization and neuroinflammation and may be a potential target for treating neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqiong Wang
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, JingZhou, Hubei province, China
- HuangGang Central hospital of Yangtze University, HuangGang, Hubei province, China
| | - Xuanzhi Zhu
- HuangGang Central hospital of Yangtze University, HuangGang, Hubei province, China
| | - Yaohua Wu
- HuangGang Central hospital of Yangtze University, HuangGang, Hubei province, China.
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2
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Giordano R, Capriotti C, Gerra MC, Kappel A, Østgaard SE, Dallabona C, Arendt-Nielsen L, Petersen KKS. A potential link between inflammatory profiles, clinical pain, pain catastrophizing and long-term outcomes after total knee arthroplasty surgery. Eur J Pain 2024; 28:1202-1212. [PMID: 38407518 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic postoperative pain after total knee replacement (TKR) is a major clinical problem. It is still unclear if specific inflammatory mediators are associated with long-term postoperative pain complications. The current exploratory study aimed to (1) evaluate a multiplex of inflammatory mediators 5 years after TKR surgery in patients with different degrees of postoperative pain intensities and (2) study any association of the markers with clinical pain intensity, cognitive and functional outcomes. METHODS Plasma samples were collected 5 years after TKR surgery from 76 knee patients (43 females; 33 males) and analysed for 44 inflammatory markers. Pain (using visual analogue scale, VAS), the pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) and the Oxford knee score (OKS) were evaluated. Patients were categorized as high or low groups based on VAS, PCS and OKS scores. Associations between inflammatory markers, VAS, PCS and OKS were analysed and the marker expressions were compared between groups. RESULTS Pearson's correlations found 12 biomarkers associated with VAS (p < 0.05), 4 biomarkers with PCS and 3 biomarkers with OKS (p < 0.05). Four markers were altered in patients suffering from high compared to low chronic postoperative pain, three markers were altered in high compared to low catastrophizers and three markers were altered in patients with poor functional scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present exploratory study suggests that low-grade inflammation might be present in a subset of patients with high pain, high catastrophizing and low function 5 years after TKR. These exploratory results provide insights into some of the long-term postoperative complications after TKR surgery. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This exploratory study evaluated a subset of inflammatory markers and the association to clinical pain intensity, knee function and pain catastrophizing in patients 5 years after total knee replacement surgery. Our results provide insights into the understanding of the underlying mechanisms that may drive the long experience of pain after TKR surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Giordano
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI®, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Camilla Capriotti
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI®, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Gerra
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Andreas Kappel
- Interdisciplinary Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Svend Erik Østgaard
- Interdisciplinary Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Lars Arendt-Nielsen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI®, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Center for Mathematical Modeling of Knee Osteoarthritis (MathKOA), Department of Material and Production, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, MechSense, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Clinical Institute, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Kristian Kjær-Staal Petersen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI®, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Center for Mathematical Modeling of Knee Osteoarthritis (MathKOA), Department of Material and Production, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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3
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Kong E, Hua T, Li J, Li Y, Yang M, Ding R, Wang H, Wei H, Feng X, Han C, Yuan H. HSV-1 reactivation results in post-herpetic neuralgia by upregulating Prmt6 and inhibiting cGAS-STING. Brain 2024; 147:2552-2565. [PMID: 38366606 PMCID: PMC11224619 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection induced neuroinflammatory condition is the critical pathology of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). The immune escape mechanism of VZV remains elusive. As to mice have no VZV infection receptor, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is a well established PHN mice model. Transcriptional expression analysis identified that the protein arginine methyltransferases 6 (Prmt6) was upregulated upon HSV-1 infection, which was further confirmed by immunofluorescence staining in spinal dorsal horn. Prmt6 deficiency decreased HSV-1-induced neuroinflammation and PHN by enhancing antiviral innate immunity and decreasing HSV-1 load in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of Prmt6 in microglia dampened antiviral innate immunity and increased HSV-1 load. Mechanistically, Prmt6 methylated and inactivated STING, resulting in reduced phosphorylation of TANK binding kinase-1 (TBK1) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), diminished production of type I interferon (IFN-I) and antiviral innate immunity. Furthermore, intrathecal or intraperitoneal administration of the Prmt6 inhibitor EPZ020411 decreased HSV-1-induced neuroinflammation and PHN by enhancing antiviral innate immunity and decreasing HSV-1 load. Our findings revealed that HSV-1 escapes antiviral innate immunity and results in PHN by upregulating Prmt6 expression and inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway, providing novel insights and a potential therapeutic target for PHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erliang Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, Henan 450042, China
| | - Tong Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yongchang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ruifeng Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Huawei Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, Henan 450042, China
| | - Chaofeng Han
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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4
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Tanaka S, Kawakita M, Yasui H, Sudo K, Itoh F, Sasaki M, Shibata N, Hara H, Iwakura Y, Hashidate-Yoshida T, Shindou H, Shimizu T, Oyama T, Matsunaga H, Takahara K. An immune-adrenergic pathway induces lethal levels of platelet-activating factor in mice. Commun Biol 2024; 7:782. [PMID: 38951147 PMCID: PMC11217416 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute immune responses with excess production of cytokines, lipid/chemical mediators, or coagulation factors, often result in lethal damage. In addition, the innate immune system utilizes multiple types of receptors that recognize neurotransmitters as well as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, making immune responses complex and clinically unpredictable. We here report an innate immune and adrenergic link inducing lethal levels of platelet-activating factor. Injecting mice with toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cell wall N-glycans of Candida albicans, and the α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) agonist medetomidine induces lethal damage. Knocking out the C-type lectin Dectin-2 prevents the lethal damage. In spleen, large amounts of platelet-activating factor (PAF) are detected, and knocking out lysophospholipid acyltransferase 9 (LPLAT9/LPCAT2), which encodes an enzyme that converts inactive lyso-PAF to active PAF, protects mice from the lethal damage. These results reveal a linkage/crosstalk between the nervous and the immune system, possibly inducing lethal levels of PAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuto Tanaka
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masataka Kawakita
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hikaru Yasui
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Sudo
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumie Itoh
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Sasaki
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shibata
- Division of Infection and Host Defense, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Lipid Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Signaling, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Oyama
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Himawari Matsunaga
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takahara
- Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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5
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Rodriguez-Palma EJ, Allen HN, Khanna R. STINGing away the pain: the role of interferon-stimulated genes. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e180497. [PMID: 38690736 PMCID: PMC11060727 DOI: 10.1172/jci180497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain and inflammation are biologically intertwined responses that warn the body of potential danger. In this issue of the JCI, Defaye, Bradaia, and colleagues identified a functional link between inflammation and pain, demonstrating that inflammation-induced activation of stimulator of IFN genes (STING) in dorsal root ganglia nociceptors reduced pain-like behaviors in a rodent model of inflammatory pain. Utilizing mice with a gain-of-function STING mutation, Defaye, Bradaia, and colleagues identified type I IFN regulation of voltage-gated potassium channels as the mechanism of this pain relief. Further investigation into mechanisms by which proinflammatory pathways can reduce pain may reveal druggable targets and insights into new approaches for treating persistent pain.
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6
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Kim JR, Hong BK, Pham THN, Kim WU, Kim HA. Interferon-gamma signaling promotes cartilage regeneration after injury. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8046. [PMID: 38580748 PMCID: PMC10997668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common chronic disease and major cause of disability and chronic pain in ageing populations. In this pathology, the entire joint is involved, and the regeneration of articular cartilage still remains one of the main challenges. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying cartilage regeneration in young mice using a full-thickness cartilage injury (FTCI) model. FTCI-induced cartilage defects were created in the femoral trochlea of young and adult C57BL/6 mice. To identify key molecules and pathways involved in the early response to cartilage injury, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of cartilage RNA at 3 days after injury. Young mice showed superior cartilage regeneration compared to adult mice after cartilage injury. RNA-seq analysis revealed significant upregulation of genes associated with the immune response, particularly in the IFN-γ signaling pathway and qRT-PCR analysis showed macrophage polarization in the early phase of cartilage regeneration (3 days) in young mice after injury, which might promote the removal of damaged or necrotic cells and initiate cartilage regeneration in response to injury. IFN-γR1- and IFN-γ-deficient mice exhibited impaired cartilage regeneration following cartilage injury. DMM-induced and spontaneous OA phenotypes were exacerbated in IFN-γR1-/- mice than in wild-type mice. Our data support the hypothesis that IFN-γ signaling is necessary for cartilage regeneration, as well as for the amelioration of post-traumatic and age-induced OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ryoung Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 896, Pyungchon, Anyang, Kyunggi, 14068, Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Center for Intergrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Bong-Ki Hong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Center for Intergrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Thi Hong Nhung Pham
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 896, Pyungchon, Anyang, Kyunggi, 14068, Korea
- Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24252, Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
- Center for Intergrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 896, Pyungchon, Anyang, Kyunggi, 14068, Korea.
- Institute for Skeletal Aging, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 24252, Korea.
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7
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Silveira Prudente A, Hoon Lee S, Roh J, Luckemeyer DD, Cohen CF, Pertin M, Park CK, Suter MR, Decosterd I, Zhang JM, Ji RR, Berta T. Microglial STING activation alleviates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain in male but not female mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:51-65. [PMID: 38190983 PMCID: PMC11034751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia, resident immune cells in the central nervous system, play a role in neuroinflammation and the development of neuropathic pain. We found that the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is predominantly expressed in spinal microglia and upregulated after peripheral nerve injury. However, mechanical allodynia, as a marker of neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury, did not require microglial STING expression. In contrast, STING activation by specific agonists (ADU-S100, 35 nmol) significantly alleviated neuropathic pain in male mice, but not female mice. STING activation in female mice leads to increase in proinflammatory cytokines that may counteract the analgesic effect of ADU-S100. Microglial STING expression and type I interferon-ß (IFN-ß) signaling were required for the analgesic effects of STING agonists in male mice. Mechanistically, downstream activation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and the production of IFN-ß, may partly account for the analgesic effect observed. These findings suggest that STING activation in spinal microglia could be a potential therapeutic intervention for neuropathic pain, particularly in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Silveira Prudente
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sang Hoon Lee
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jueun Roh
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Physiology, Gachon Pain Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Debora D Luckemeyer
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cinder F Cohen
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marie Pertin
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chul-Kyu Park
- Department of Physiology, Gachon Pain Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Marc R Suter
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Decosterd
- Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jun-Ming Zhang
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Departments of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Temugin Berta
- Pain Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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8
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Franco-Enzástiga Ú, Natarajan K, David ET, Patel K, Ravirala A, Price TJ. Vinorelbine causes a neuropathic pain-like state in mice via STING and MNK1 signaling associated with type I interferon induction. iScience 2024; 27:108808. [PMID: 38303713 PMCID: PMC10831286 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) increase the excitability of dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) neurons via MNK-eIF4E signaling to promote pain sensitization in mice. Activation of stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1 (STING) signaling is pivotal for type I IFN induction. We hypothesized that vinorelbine, a chemotherapeutic and activator of STING, would cause a neuropathic pain-like state in mice via STING signaling in DRG neurons associated with IFN production. Vinorelbine caused tactile allodynia and grimacing in wild-type (WT) mice and increased p-IRF3, type I IFNs, and p-eIF4E in peripheral nerves. Supporting our hypothesis, vinorelbine failed to induce IRF3-IFNs-MNK-eIF4E in StingGt/Gt mice and, subsequently, failed to cause pain. The vinorelbine-elicited increase of p-eIF4E was not observed in Mknk1-/- (MNK1 knockout) mice in peripheral nerves consistent with the attenuated pro-nociceptive effect of vinorelbine in these mice. Our findings show that activation of STING signaling in the periphery causes a neuropathic pain-like state through type I IFN signaling to DRG nociceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Úrzula Franco-Enzástiga
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Keerthana Natarajan
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Eric T. David
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Krish Patel
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Abhira Ravirala
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Theodore J. Price
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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9
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Huo M, Zhang Q, Si Y, Zhang Y, Chang H, Zhou M, Zhang D, Fang Y. The role of purinergic signaling in acupuncture-mediated relief of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-09985-y. [PMID: 38305986 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-09985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is a traditional medicinal practice in China that has been increasingly recognized in other countries in recent decades. Notably, several reports have demonstrated that acupuncture can effectively aid in pain management. However, the analgesic mechanisms through which acupuncture provides such benefits remain poorly understood. Purinergic signaling, which is mediated by purine nucleotides and purinergic receptors, has been proposed to play a central role in acupuncture analgesia. On the one hand, acupuncture affects the transmission of nociception by increasing adenosine triphosphate dephosphorylation and thereby decreasing downstream P2X3, P2X4, and P2X7 receptors signaling activity, regulating the levels of inflammatory factors, neurotrophic factors, and synapsin I. On the other hand, acupuncture exerts analgesic effects by promoting the production of adenosine, enhancing the expression of downstream adenosine A1 and A2A receptors, and regulating downstream inflammatory factors or synaptic plasticity. Together, this systematic overview of the field provides a sound, evidence-based foundation for future research focused on the application of acupuncture as a means of relieving pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Huo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiang Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Si
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Youlin Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongen Chang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Chen Y, Hu Y, He X, Zang H, Sun R, Zhu C, Yao W. Activation of mitochondrial DNA-mediated cGAS-STING pathway contributes to chronic postsurgical pain by inducing type I interferons and A1 reactive astrocytes in the spinal cord. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111348. [PMID: 38086268 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is increasingly recognized as a public health issue. Recent studies indicated the innate immune pathway of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) was involved in pain regulation. However, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Previous studies found A1 reactive astrocytes in the spinal cord contributed to CPSP. This study aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of the cGAS-STING pathway in regulating the generation of A1 reactive astrocytes during CPSP. First, CPSP model was established using skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) in rats. We found that cGAS-STING pathway was activated accompanied with an increase in mitochondrial DNA in the cytosol in the spinal cord following SMIR. Second, a STING inhibitor C-176 was intrathecally administrated. We found that C-176 decreased the expression of type I interferons and A1 reactive astrocytes in the spinal cord, and alleviated mechanical allodynia in SMIR rats. Third, cyclosporin A as a mitochondrial permeability transition pore blocker was intrathecally administrated. We found that cyclosporin A decreased the leakage of mitochondrial DNA and inhibited the activation of cGAS-STING pathway. Compared with C-176, cyclosporin A exhibits similar analgesic effects. The expression of type I interferons and A1 reactive astrocytes in the spinal cord were also down-regulated after intervention with cyclosporin A. Moreover, simultaneous administration of cyclosporin A and C-176 did not show synergistic effects in SMIR rats. Therefore, our study demonstrated that the cGAS-STING pathway activated by the leakage of mitochondrial DNA contributed to chronic postsurgical pain by inducing type I interferons and A1 reactive astrocytes in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yingjie Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiao He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hu Zang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rao Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chang Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenlong Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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11
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Lahaise M, Boujenoui F, Beaudry F. Cannflavins isolated from Cannabis sativa impede Caenorhabditis elegans response to noxious heat. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:535-548. [PMID: 37480489 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02621-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Cannflavins, flavonoids abundantly present in Cannabis sativa, possess a distinct chemical structure comprising a vanillyl group. Notably, the capsaicin structure also contains a vanillyl group, which is considered essential for interacting with the vanilloid receptor. The vanilloid receptor plays a crucial role in the perception of pain, heat, and inflammation and mediates the analgesic effects of capsaicin. Therefore, we postulated that prolonged exposure to cannflavin A (Can A) and cannflavin B (Can B) would provoke vanilloid receptor desensitization and hinder nocifensive responses to noxious thermal stimuli. C. elegans wild-type (N2) and mutants were exposed to Can A and Can B solutions for 60 min and then aliquoted on Petri dishes divided into quadrants for thermal stimulation. We then determined the thermal avoidance index for each C. elegans experimental group. Proteomics was performed to identify proteins and pathways associated with Can A or B treatment. Prolonged exposure to Can A and Can B hindered heat avoidance (32-35 °C) in C. elegans. No antinociceptive effect was observed 6 h post Can A or B exposure. Proteomics and Reactome pathway enrichment analyses identified hierarchical differences between Can A- and B-treated nematodes. However, both treatments were related to eukaryotic translation initiation (R-CEL-72613) and metabolic processes strongly associated with pain development. Our study aids in characterizing the pharmacological activity of cannflavins isolated from Cannabis sativa and outlines a possible application as pain therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Lahaise
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 2M2, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Faculté Des Arts Et Des Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fatma Boujenoui
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 2M2, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francis Beaudry
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 2M2, Canada.
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l'apprentissage (CIRCA), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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12
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Echeverria-Villalobos M, Tortorici V, Brito BE, Ryskamp D, Uribe A, Weaver T. The role of neuroinflammation in the transition of acute to chronic pain and the opioid-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1297931. [PMID: 38161698 PMCID: PMC10755684 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1297931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that activation of glial and immune cells leads to increased production of proinflammatory mediators, creating a neuroinflammatory state. Neuroinflammation has been proven to be a fundamental mechanism in the genesis of acute pain and its transition to neuropathic and chronic pain. A noxious event that stimulates peripheral afferent nerve fibers may also activate pronociceptive receptors situated at the dorsal root ganglion and dorsal horn of the spinal cord, as well as peripheral glial cells, setting off the so-called peripheral sensitization and spreading neuroinflammation to the brain. Once activated, microglia produce cytokines, chemokines, and neuropeptides that can increase the sensitivity and firing properties of second-order neurons, upregulating the signaling of nociceptive information to the cerebral cortex. This process, known as central sensitization, is crucial for chronification of acute pain. Immune-neuronal interactions are also implicated in the lesser-known complex regulatory relationship between pain and opioids. Current evidence suggests that activated immune and glial cells can alter neuronal function, induce, and maintain pathological pain, and disrupt the analgesic effects of opioid drugs by contributing to the development of tolerance and dependence, even causing paradoxical hyperalgesia. Such alterations may occur when the neuronal environment is impacted by trauma, inflammation, and immune-derived molecules, or when opioids induce proinflammatory glial activation. Hence, understanding these intricate interactions may help in managing pain signaling and opioid efficacy beyond the classical pharmacological approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Tortorici
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Universidad Metropolitana, Caracas, Venezuela
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Center of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Beatriz E. Brito
- Immunopathology Laboratory, Center of Experimental Medicine, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - David Ryskamp
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Alberto Uribe
- Anesthesiology Department, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tristan Weaver
- Anesthesiology Department, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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13
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Shaikh A, Li YQ, Lu J. Perspectives on pain in Down syndrome. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1411-1437. [PMID: 36924439 DOI: 10.1002/med.21954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 is a genetic condition often accompanied by chronic pain caused by congenital abnormalities and/or conditions, such as osteoarthritis, recurrent infections, and leukemia. Although DS patients are more susceptible to chronic pain as compared to the general population, the pain experience in these individuals may vary, attributed to the heterogenous structural and functional differences in the central nervous system, which might result in abnormal pain sensory information transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception. We tried to elaborate on some key questions and possible explanations in this review. Further clarification of the mechanisms underlying such abnormal conditions induced by the structural and functional differences is needed to help pain management in DS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Shaikh
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yun-Qing Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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14
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Ma L, Deng D, Zhang T, Zhao W, Liu C, Huang S, Xu F, Wang Y, Zhao S, Ding Y, Huang Y, Wang K, Zhang Y, Yang X, Cao S, Chen X. STING-IFN-I pathway relieves incision induced acute postoperative pain via inhibiting the neuroinflammation in dorsal root ganglion of rats. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1551-1565. [PMID: 37433890 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to study the effect of STING-IFN-I pathway on incision induced postoperative pain in rats and its possible mechanisms. METHODS The pain thresholds were evaluated by measuring the mechanical withdrawal threshold and the thermal withdrawal latency. The satellite glial cell and macrophage of DRG were analyzed. The expression of STING, IFN-a, P-P65, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in DRG was evaluated. RESULTS The activation of STING-IFN-I pathway can reduce the mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia, down-regulate the expression of P-P65, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and inhibit the activation of satellite glial cell and macrophage in DRG. CONCLUSIONS The activation of STING-IFN-I pathway can alleviate incision induced acute postoperative pain by inhibiting the activation of satellite glial cell and macrophage, which reducing the corresponding neuroinflammation in DRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulin Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Daling Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chengxi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shiqian Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Song Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Pain Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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15
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Zhao J, Huh Y, Bortsov A, Diatchenko L, Ji RR. Immunotherapies in chronic pain through modulation of neuroimmune interactions. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 248:108476. [PMID: 37307899 PMCID: PMC10527194 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is generally believed that immune activation can elicit pain through production of inflammatory mediators that can activate nociceptive sensory neurons. Emerging evidence suggests that immune activation may also contribute to the resolution of pain by producing distinct pro-resolution/anti-inflammatory mediators. Recent research into the connection between the immune and nervous systems has opened new avenues for immunotherapy in pain management. This review provides an overview of the most utilized forms of immunotherapies (e.g., biologics) and highlight their potential for immune and neuronal modulation in chronic pain. Specifically, we discuss pain-related immunotherapy mechanisms that target inflammatory cytokine pathways, the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway, and the cGAS/STING pathway. This review also highlights cell-based immunotherapies targeting macrophages, T cells, neutrophils and mesenchymal stromal cells for chronic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Zhao
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yul Huh
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Andrey Bortsov
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Luda Diatchenko
- Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada; Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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16
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Franco-Enzástiga Ú, Natarajan K, David ET, Patel KJ, Ravirala A, Price TJ. Vinorelbine causes a neuropathic pain-like state in mice via STING and MNK1 signaling associated with type I interferon induction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.03.543579. [PMID: 37333411 PMCID: PMC10274710 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.03.543579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) increase the excitability of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons via activation of MNK-eIF4E translation signaling to promote pain sensitization in mice. Activation of STING signaling is a key component of type I IFN induction. Manipulation of STING signaling is an active area of investigation in cancer and other therapeutic areas. Vinorelbine is a chemotherapeutic that activates STING and has been shown to cause pain and neuropathy in oncology clinical trials in patients. There are conflicting reports on whether STING signaling promotes or inhibits pain in mice. We hypothesized that vinorelbine would cause a neuropathic pain-like state in mice via STING and signaling pathways in DRG neurons associated with type I IFN induction. Vinorelbine (10 mg/kg, i.v.) induced tactile allodynia and grimacing in WT male and female mice and increased p-IRF3 and type I IFN protein in peripheral nerves. In support of our hypothesis, vinorelbine-mediated pain was absent in male and female StingGt/Gt mice. Vinorelbine also failed to induce IRF3 and type I IFN signaling in these mice. Since type I IFNs engage translational control via MNK1-eIF4E in DRG nociceptors, we assessed vinorelbine-mediated p-eIF4E changes. Vinorelbine increased p-eIF4E in DRG in WT animals but not in StingGt/Gt or Mknk1-/- (MNK1 KO) mice. Consistent with these biochemical findings, vinorelbine had an attenuated pro-nociceptive effect in male and female MNK1 KO mice. Our findings support the conclusion that activation of STING signaling in the peripheral nervous system causes a neuropathic pain-like state that is mediated by type I IFN signaling to DRG nociceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Úrzula Franco-Enzástiga
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Keerthana Natarajan
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Eric T. David
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Krish J. Patel
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Abhira Ravirala
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Theodore J. Price
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
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17
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Hu Y, Chen Y, Liu T, Zhu C, Wan L, Yao W. The bidirectional roles of the cGAS-STING pathway in pain processing: Cellular and molecular mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114869. [PMID: 37182515 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is a common clinical condition. However, the mechanisms underlying pain are not yet fully understood. It is known that the neuroimmune system plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of pain. Recent studies indicated that the cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway can activate the innate immune system by sensing both extrinsic and intrinsic double-stranded DNA in the cytoplasm, which is involved in pain processing. In this review, we summarise (1) the roles of the cGAS-STING pathway in different pain models, (2) the effect of the cGAS-STING pathway in different cells during pain regulation, and (3) the downstream molecular mechanisms of the cGAS-STING pathway in pain regulation. This review provides evidence that the cGAS-STING pathway has pro- and anti-nociceptive effects in pain models. It has different functions in neuron, microglia, macrophage, and T cells. Its downstream molecules include IFN-I, NF-κB, NLRP3, and eIF2α. The bidirectional roles of the cGAS-STING pathway in pain processing are mediated by regulating nociceptive neuronal sensitivity and neuroinflammatory responses. However, their effects in special brain regions, activation of astrocytes, and the different phases of pain require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuye Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chang Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wenlong Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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18
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Li N, Wang C, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Gao T, Yu Y, Wang G, Zhang L. STING controls opioid-induced itch and chronic itch via spinal tank-binding kinase 1-dependent type I interferon response in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:101. [PMID: 37122031 PMCID: PMC10150483 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients receiving epidural or intrathecal opioids administration for neuraxial analgesia frequently suffer from an irritating itch. STING (stimulator of interferon genes), an innate immune modulator, is strongly implicated in pain pathogenesis via neuron-immune modulation. Given that pain and itch share some common neurocircuits, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of STING agonists in opioid-induced itch and chronic itch. METHODS Opioids (morphine, fentanyl and sufentanil) were intrathecally injected to induce acute itch. Chronic itch was induced by dry skin and contact dermatitis. Opioids analgesic effect, itch-induced scratching behavior, spinal expression of STING, phosphorylation of TBK1 (tank-binding kinase 1), IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor-3) and ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), as well as production of IFN-α and IFN-β were examined. STING agonists (DMXAA and ADU-S100), TBK1 inhibitor, recombinant IFN-α and IFN-β elucidated the mechanism and treatment of itch. Whole-brain functional connectivity was evaluated using resting-state fMRI. RESULTS We report the primary expression of STING protein by the spinal dorsal horn neurons. Intraperitoneal injection of DMXAA dose-dependently reduces morphine-induced scratch bouts, without impairing morphine antinociception. Simultaneously, DMXAA alleviates fentanyl- and sufentanil-induced itching-like behavior, and chronic scratching behavior caused by dry skin and contact dermatitis. Furthermore, DMXAA drastically increases spinal phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3 following morphine exposure, dry skin and contact dermatitis. DMXAA-induced anti-pruritus effects and spinal productions of IFN-α and IFN-β are compensated by intrathecal delivery of the TBK1 inhibitor. Also, ADU-S100, recombinant IFN-α and IFN-β exhibits remarkable attenuation in scratching behaviors after morphine injection and dermatitis. Recombinant IFN-α inhibits morphine-induced spinal phosphorylation of ERK. Finally, DMXAA prevents dermatitis-induced the increase of cerebral functional connectivity between regions of interests such as primary somatosensory cortex, piriform cortex, retrosplenial cortex, colliculus and ventral thalamus. CONCLUSIONS STING activation confers protection against opioid-induced itch and chronic itch through spinal up-regulation of TBK1-IRF3-type I interferon cascades in mice, suggesting that STING agonists are promising candidates in translational development for pruritus relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yuying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Tianyu Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Guolin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Peng SJ, Feng Y, Li X, Wang XX, Wang Y, Zhou BT, Liu Y, Liu T, Wu YC. Thymopentin (TP-5) prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neuron injury by inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110109. [PMID: 37121113 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke, and is accompanied by excessive release of inflammatory cytokines and mediators by activated microglia. Microglial inflammatory response inhibition may be an effective strategy for preventing inflammatory disorders. However, the reciprocal connections between the central nervous system (CNS) and immune system have not been elucidated. Thus far, these links have been proven to mainly involve immuno- and neuropeptides. The pentapeptide thymopentin (TP-5) exerts a significant immunomodulatory effect; however, its antineuroinflammatory effects and underlying mechanism are still unclear. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to establish an inflammation model, and the therapeutic effect of TP-5 was evaluated. Behavioral tests showed that TP-5 treatment could improve the performance of LPS-treated mice in the open field and pole test, but not hanging wire test. TP-5 also attenuated neuronal lesions in the brains of LPS-treated mice. TP-5 reduced cytotoxicity and morphological changes in activated microglia. Label-free quantitative analysis indicated that the expression of multiple proteins and the activation of associated signaling pathways were altered by TP-5. Moreover, TP-5 could inhibit LPS-induced neuroinflammation in the brain and BV2 microglia and the expression of major genes in the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Additionally, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression downregulation was rescued in the LPS + TP-5 group compared with the LPS group. We conclude that TP-5 exerts neuroprotection by alleviating LPS-induced inflammatory damage and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. The protective effect of TP-5 may involve the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Peng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Ya Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Xi-Xi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Bu-Tian Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Te Liu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yun-Cheng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, PR China.
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20
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Li H, Zhang Y, Xie J, Wang C, Yi D, Wu T, Wang L, Zhao D, Hou Y. Dietary Supplementation with Mono-Lactate Glyceride Enhances Intestinal Function of Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081303. [PMID: 37106866 PMCID: PMC10135088 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mono-lactate glyceride (LG) is a short-chain fatty acid ester. It has been shown that short-chain fatty acid esters play an important role in maintaining intestinal structure and function. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of mono-lactate glyceride on growth performance and intestinal morphology and function in weaned piglets. Sixteen 21-day-old weaned piglets of similar weight were distributed arbitrarily to two treatments: The control group (basal diet) and the LG group (basal diet + 0.6% mono-lactate glyceride). The experiment lasted for 21 days. On day 21 of the trial, piglets were weighed, and blood and intestinal samples were collected for further analysis. Results showed that dietary supplementation with 0.6% mono-lactate glyceride decreased (p < 0.05) the diarrhea rate and the contents of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide in the ileum and jejunum and increased (p < 0.05) the expression of intestinal tight junction protein (Occludin) and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the ileum and colon. In addition, mono-lactate glyceride supplementation could enhance intestinal mucosal growth by increasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases, promote intestinal mucosal water and nutrient transport and lipid metabolism by increasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of b0,+ amino acid transporter, aquaporin 3, aquaporin 10, gap junction protein alpha 1, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, and lipoprotein lipase, enhance antiviral and immune function by increasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of nuclear factor kappa-B, interferon-β, mucovirus resistance protein II, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like, interferon-γ, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, and toll-like receptor 4, and enhance antioxidant capacity by increasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA levels of NF-E2-related factor 2 and glutathione S-transferase omega 2 and decreasing (p < 0.05) the mRNA level of NADPH oxidase 2. These results suggested that dietary supplementation with mono-lactate glyceride could decrease the diarrhea rate by improving intestinal antioxidant capacity, intestinal mucosal barrier, intestinal immune defense function, and intestinal mucosal water and nutrient transport. Collectively, dietary supplementation with 0.6% mono-lactate glyceride improved the intestinal function of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Li
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Jiaqian Xie
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Dan Yi
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural By-Products, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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Consecutive Injection of High-Dose Lipopolysaccharide Modulates Microglia Polarization via TREM2 to Alter Status of Septic Mice. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13010126. [PMID: 36672106 PMCID: PMC9856382 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuroinflammation of the central nervous system (CNS) is a prevalent syndrome of brain dysfunction secondary to severe sepsis and is regulated by microglia. Triggering the receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is known to have protective functions that modulate the microglial polarization of M2 type to reduce inflammatory responses, thereby improving cognition. METHODS We examined the effect of TREM2 on the polarization state of microglia during the progression of neuroinflammation. After consecutive intraperitoneal injections of lipopolysaccharide for 7 days, we evaluated the inflammation of a septic mice model by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and electron microscopy, and we used immunofluorescence (IF) assays and Western blotting to visualize hippocampal sections in C57BL/6 mice to assess TREM2 expression. In addition, we analyzed the state of microglia polarization with quantitative RT-PCR. RESULT The consecutive injection of LPS for 4 days elevated systemic inflammation and caused behavioral cognitive dysfunction in the septic model. However, on Day 7, the neuroinflammation was considerably attenuated. Meanwhile, TREM2 decreased on Day 4 and increased on Day 7 in vivo. Consistently, LPS could reduce the expression of TREM2 while IFN-β enhanced TREM2 expression in vitro. TREM2 regulated the microglial M1 phenotype's conversion to the M2 phenotype. CONCLUSION Our aim in this study was to investigate the interconnection between microglia polarization and TREM2 in neuroinflammation. Our results suggested that IFN-β could modulate TREM2 expression to alter the polarization state of microglia, thereby reducing LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Therefore, TREM2 is a novel potential therapeutic target for neuroinflammation.
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22
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Yang J, Ding H, Shuai B, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Mechanism and effects of STING-IFN-I pathway on nociception: A narrative review. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1081288. [PMID: 36683857 PMCID: PMC9846240 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1081288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of STING in 2008, numerous studies have investigated its functions in immunity, inflammation, and cancer. STING activates downstream molecules including IFN-I, NLRP3, and NF-κB. The STING-IFN-I pathway plays a vital role in nociception. After receiving the upstream signal, STING is activated and induces the expression of IFN-I, and after paracrine and autocrine signaling, IFN-I binds to IFN receptors. Subsequently, the activity of ion channels is inhibited by TYK2, which induces an acute antinociceptive effect. JAK activates PIK3 and MAPK-MNK-eIF4E pathways, which sensitize nociceptors in the peripheral nervous system. In the mid-late stage, the STING-IFN-I pathway activates STAT, increases pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibits ER-phagy, and promotes microglial M1-polarization in the central nervous system, leading to central sensitization. Thus, the STING-IFN-I pathway may exert complex effects on nociception at various stages, and these effects require further comprehensive elucidation. Therefore, in this review, we systematically summarized the mechanisms of the STING-IFN-I pathway and discussed its function in nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Shuai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Yan Zhang,
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Lesnak JB, Berardi G, Sluka KA. Influence of routine exercise on the peripheral immune system to prevent and alleviate pain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 13:100126. [PMID: 37179769 PMCID: PMC10173010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2023.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Routine physical activity reduces the onset of pain and exercise is a first line treatment for individuals who develop chronic pain. In both preclinical and clinical research regular exercise (routine exercise sessions) produces pain relief through multiple mechanisms such as alterations in the central and peripheral nervous system. More recently, it has been appreciated that exercise can also alter the peripheral immune system to prevent or reduce pain. In animal models, exercise can alter the immune system at the site of injury or pain model induction, in the dorsal root ganglia, and systemically throughout the body to produce analgesia. Most notably exercise shows the ability to dampen the presence of pro-inflammatory immune cells and cytokines at these locations. Exercise decreases M1 macrophages and the cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TFNα, while increasing M2 macrophages and the cytokines IL-10, IL-4, and IL-1ra. In clinical research, a single bout of exercise produces an acute inflammatory response, however repeated training can lead to an anti-inflammatory immune profile leading to symptom relief. Despite the clinical and immune benefits of routine exercise, the direct effect of exercise on immune function in clinical pain populations remains unexplored. This review will discuss in more detail the preclinical and clinical research which demonstrates the numerous ways through which multiple types of exercise alter the peripheral immune system. This review closes with the clinical implications of these findings along with suggestions for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Lesnak
- Department of Neuroscience and Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Giovanni Berardi
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Sluka
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Corresponding author.
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24
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Asano S, Okada-Ogawa A, Kobayashi M, Yonemoto M, Hojo Y, Shibuta I, Noma N, Iwata K, Hitomi S, Shinoda M. Involvement of interferon gamma signaling in spinal trigeminal caudal subnucleus astrocyte in orofacial neuropathic pain in rats with infraorbital nerve injury. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231222403. [PMID: 38073236 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231222403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Trigeminal nerve injury causes orofacial pain that can interfere with activities of daily life. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown, and the appropriate treatment has not been established yet. This study aimed to examine the involvement of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) signaling in the spinal trigeminal caudal subnucleus (Vc) in orofacial neuropathic pain. Methods: Infraorbital nerve (ION) injury (IONI) was performed in rats by partial ION ligation. The head-withdrawal reflex threshold (HWT) to mechanical stimulation of the whisker pad skin was measured in IONI or sham rats, as well as following a continuous intracisterna magna administration of IFN-γ and a mixture of IFN-γ and fluorocitrate (inhibitor of astrocytes activation) in naïve rats, or an IFN-γ antagonist in IONI rats. The IFN-γ receptor immunohistochemistry and IFN-γ Western blotting were analyzed in the Vc after IONI or sham treatment. The glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were also analyzed after administration of IFN-γ and the mixture of IFN-γ and fluorocitrate. Moreover, the change in single neuronal activity in the Vc was examined in the IONI, sham, and IONI group administered IFN-γ antagonist. Results: The HWT decreased after IONI. The IFN-γ and IFN-γ receptor were upregulated after IONI, and the IFN-γ receptor was expressed in Vc astrocytes. IFN-γ administration decreased the HWT, whereas the mixture of IFN-γ and fluorocitrate recovered the decrement of HWT. IFN-γ administration upregulated GFAP expression, while the mixture of IFN-γ and fluorocitrate recovered the upregulation of GFAP expression. IONI significantly enhanced the neuronal activity of the mechanical-evoked responses, and administration of an IFN-γ antagonist significantly inhibited these enhancements. Conclusions: IFN-γ signaling through the receptor in astrocytes is a key mechanism underlying orofacial neuropathic pain associated with trigeminal nerve injury. These findings will aid in the development of therapeutics for orofacial neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Asano
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Okada-Ogawa
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Orofacial Pain Clinic, Nihon University Dental Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momoyo Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamiko Yonemoto
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hojo
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Shibuta
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Noma
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Orofacial Pain Clinic, Nihon University Dental Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masamichi Shinoda
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Sun K, Zhang H, Zhang T, Sun N, Hao J, Wang Z, Gao C. Spinal HDAC6 mediates nociceptive behaviors induced by chronic constriction injury via neuronal activation and neuroinflammation. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231218352. [PMID: 37982151 PMCID: PMC10734332 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231218352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is often accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities and currently lacks effective treatment. Prior research has shown that HDAC6 plays a crucial role in pain sensitization, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear. HDAC6 inhibitors have been found to alleviate mechanical allodynia caused by inflammation and peripheral nerve damage. In this study, we investigated the cellular mechanisms of HDAC6 in the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Our findings indicate that HDAC6 expression in the spinal cord (SC) is upregulated in a time-dependent manner following chronic constriction injury (CCI). HDAC6 is primarily expressed in neurons and microglia in the spinal cord. CCI-induced HDAC6 production was abolished by intrathecal injection of a microglia inhibitor. ACY-1215, a specific HDAC6 inhibitor, significantly reduced CCI-induced mechanical allodynia, but not thermal hyperalgesia. ACY-1215 also inhibited neuron activation and suppressed CCI-induced pyroptosis and neuroinflammatory responses. In summary, our results suggest that HDAC6 contributes to the development and maintenance of NP through neuronal activation and neuroinflammation. HDAC6 may be a promising target for treating NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Pain Management, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nan Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jingru Hao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Can Gao
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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26
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Xinqiang Y, Yuanyuan J, Zhipeng Y, Jie K, Xiao T, Yumeng H, Chenxi Z, Shiyu D, Mingpeng Y, Yanlin Z, Sihan C, Hao Y. Systemic administration of dorsomorphin relieves inflammatory nociception in the mouse formalin test. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Staurengo-Ferrari L, Deng L, Chiu IM. Interactions between nociceptor sensory neurons and microbial pathogens in pain. Pain 2022; 163:S57-S68. [PMID: 36252233 PMCID: PMC9586460 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Immunology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Liwen Deng
- Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Immunology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Isaac M. Chiu
- Harvard Medical School, Blavatnik Institute, Department of Immunology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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28
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Su PYP, Zhang L, He L, Zhao N, Guan Z. The Role of Neuro-Immune Interactions in Chronic Pain: Implications for Clinical Practice. J Pain Res 2022; 15:2223-2248. [PMID: 35957964 PMCID: PMC9359791 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s246883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain remains a public health problem and contributes to the ongoing opioid epidemic. Current pain management therapies still leave many patients with poorly controlled pain, thus new or improved treatments are desperately needed. One major challenge in pain research is the translation of preclinical findings into effective clinical practice. The local neuroimmune interface plays an important role in the initiation and maintenance of chronic pain and is therefore a promising target for novel therapeutic development. Neurons interface with immune and immunocompetent cells in many distinct microenvironments along the nociceptive circuitry. The local neuroimmune interface can modulate the activity and property of the neurons to affect peripheral and central sensitization. In this review, we highlight a specific subset of many neuroimmune interfaces. In the central nervous system, we examine the interface between neurons and microglia, astrocytes, and T lymphocytes. In the periphery, we profile the interface between neurons in the dorsal root ganglion with T lymphocytes, satellite glial cells, and macrophages. To bridge the gap between preclinical research and clinical practice, we review the preclinical studies of each neuroimmune interface, discuss current clinical treatments in pain medicine that may exert its action at the neuroimmune interface, and highlight opportunities for future clinical research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yi Paul Su
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangliang He
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pain Management, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhonghui Guan
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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29
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Meade E, Garvey M. The Role of Neuro-Immune Interaction in Chronic Pain Conditions; Functional Somatic Syndrome, Neurogenic Inflammation, and Peripheral Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158574. [PMID: 35955708 PMCID: PMC9369187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional somatic syndromes are increasingly diagnosed in chronically ill patients presenting with an array of symptoms not attributed to physical ailments. Conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia syndrome, or irritable bowel syndrome are common disorders that belong in this broad category. Such syndromes are characterised by the presence of one or multiple chronic symptoms including widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disorders, and abdominal pain, amongst other issues. Symptoms are believed to relate to a complex interaction of biological and psychosocial factors, where a definite aetiology has not been established. Theories suggest causative pathways between the immune and nervous systems of affected individuals with several risk factors identified in patients presenting with one or more functional syndromes. Risk factors including stress and childhood trauma are now recognised as important contributors to chronic pain conditions. Emotional, physical, and sexual abuse during childhood is considered a severe stressor having a high prevalence in functional somatic syndrome suffers. Such trauma permanently alters the biological stress response of the suffers leading to neuroexcitatory and other nerve issues associated with chronic pain in adults. Traumatic and chronic stress results in epigenetic changes in stress response genes, which ultimately leads to dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the autonomic nervous system, and the immune system manifesting in a broad array of symptoms. Importantly, these systems are known to be dysregulated in patients suffering from functional somatic syndrome. Functional somatic syndromes are also highly prevalent co-morbidities of psychiatric conditions, mood disorders, and anxiety. Consequently, this review aims to provide insight into the role of the nervous system and immune system in chronic pain disorders associated with the musculoskeletal system, and central and peripheral nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Meade
- Department of Life Science, Atlantic Technological University, F91 YW50 Sligo, Ireland;
| | - Mary Garvey
- Department of Life Science, Atlantic Technological University, F91 YW50 Sligo, Ireland;
- Centre for Precision Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing Research (PEM), Atlantic Technological University, F91 YW50 Sligo, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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30
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Wu J, Li X, Zhang X, Wang W, You X. What role of the cGAS-STING pathway plays in chronic pain? Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:963206. [PMID: 35979145 PMCID: PMC9376357 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.963206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain interferes with daily functioning and is frequently accompanied by depression. Currently, traditional clinic treatments do not produce satisfactory analgesic effects and frequently result in various adverse effects. Pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) serve as innate cellular sensors of danger signals, sense invading microorganisms, and initiate innate and adaptive immune responses. Among them, cGAS-STING alerts on the presence of both exogenous and endogenous DNA in the cytoplasm, and this pathway has been closely linked to multiple diseases, including auto-inflammation, virus infection, and cancer. An increasing numbers of evidence suggest that cGAS-STING pathway involves in the chronic pain process; however, its role remains controversial. In this narrative review, we summarize the recent findings on the involvement of the cGAS-STING pathway in chronic pain, as well as several possible mechanisms underlying its activation. As a new area of research, this review is unique in considering the cGAS-STING pathway in sensory neurons and glial cells as a part of a broader understanding of pain, including potential mechanisms of inflammation, immunity, apoptosis, and autophagy. It will provide new insight into the treatment of pain in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingji You
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xingji You
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31
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Shen CL, Wang R, Yakhnitsa V, Santos JM, Watson C, Kiritoshi T, Ji G, Hamood AN, Neugebauer V. Gingerol-Enriched Ginger Supplementation Mitigates Neuropathic Pain via Mitigating Intestinal Permeability and Neuroinflammation: Gut-Brain Connection. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:912609. [PMID: 35873544 PMCID: PMC9305072 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.912609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Emerging evidence suggests an important role of the gut-brain axis in the development of neuropathic pain (NP). We investigated the effects of gingerol-enriched ginger (GEG) on pain behaviors, as well as mRNA expressions of inflammation via tight junction proteins in GI tissues (colon) and brain tissues (amygdala, both left and right) in animals with NP. Methods: Seventeen male rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham, spinal nerve ligation (SNL, pain model), and SNL+0.375% GEG (wt/wt in diet) for 4 weeks. Mechanosensitivity was assessed by von Frey filament tests and hindpaw compression tests. Emotional responsiveness was measured from evoked audible and ultrasonic vocalizations. Ongoing spontaneous pain was measured in rodent grimace tests. Intestinal permeability was assessed by the lactulose/D-mannitol ratio in urine. The mRNA expression levels of neuroinflammation (NF-κB, TNF-α) in the colon and amygdala (right and left) were determined by qRT-PCR. Data was analyzed statistically. Results: Compared to the sham group, the SNL group had significantly greater mechanosensitivity (von Frey and compression tests), emotional responsiveness (audible and ultrasonic vocalizations to innocuous and noxious mechanical stimuli), and spontaneous pain (rodent grimace tests). GEG supplementation significantly reduced mechanosensitivity, emotional responses, and spontaneous pain measures in SNL rats. GEG supplementation also tended to decrease SNL-induced intestinal permeability markers. The SNL group had increased mRNA expression of NF-κB and TNF-α in the right amygdala and colon; GEG supplementation mitigated these changes in SNL-treated rats. Conclusion: This study suggests GEG supplementation palliated a variety of pain spectrum behaviors in a preclinical NP animal model. GEG also decreased SNL-induced intestinal permeability and neuroinflammation, which may explain the behavioral effects of GEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Lubbock, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Chwan-Li Shen,
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Vadim Yakhnitsa
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | | | - Carina Watson
- Department of Medical Education, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Takaki Kiritoshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Abdul Naji Hamood
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Center of Excellence for Integrative Health, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Li L, Bai L, Gao Y, Yang Y, Wang L, Qiao Y, Wang X, Xu JT. Activation of Double-Stranded RNA-Activated Protein Kinase in the Dorsal Root Ganglia and Spinal Dorsal Horn Regulates Neuropathic Pain Following Peripheral Nerve Injury in Rats. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1381-1400. [PMID: 35655111 PMCID: PMC9587175 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated kinase (PKR) is an important component in inflammation and immune dysfunction. However, the role of PKR in neuropathic pain remains unclear. Here, we showed that lumbar 5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) led to a significant increase in the level of phosphorylated PKR (p-PKR) in both the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn. Images of double immunofluorescence staining revealed that p-PKR was expressed in myelinated A-fibers, unmyelinated C-fibers, and satellite glial cells in the DRG. In the dorsal horn, p-PKR was located in neuronal cells, astrocytes, and microglia. Data from behavioral tests showed that intrathecal (i.t.) injection of 2-aminopurine (2-AP), a specific inhibitor of PKR activation, and PKR siRNA prevented the reductions in PWT and PWL following SNL. Established neuropathic pain was also attenuated by i.t. injection of 2-AP and PKR siRNA, which started on day 7 after SNL. Prior repeated i.t. injections of PKR siRNA prevented the SNL-induced degradation of IκBα and IκBβ in the cytosol and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 in both the DRG and dorsal horn. Moreover, the SNL-induced increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production was diminished by this treatment. Collectively, these results suggest that peripheral nerve injury-induced PKR activation via NF-κB signaling-regulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the DRG and dorsal horn contributes to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. Our findings suggest that pharmacologically targeting PKR might be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Liren Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Liying Bai
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yiming Qiao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ji-Tian Xu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Mata-Martínez E, Díaz-Muñoz M, Vázquez-Cuevas FG. Glial Cells and Brain Diseases: Inflammasomes as Relevant Pathological Entities. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:929529. [PMID: 35783102 PMCID: PMC9243488 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.929529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation mediated by the innate immune system is a physiopathological response to diverse detrimental circumstances such as microbe infections or tissular damage. The molecular events that underlie this response involve the assembly of multiprotein complexes known as inflammasomes. These assemblages are essentially formed by a stressor-sensing protein, an adapter protein and a non-apoptotic caspase (1 or 11). The coordinated aggregation of these components mediates the processing and release of pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-β and IL-18) and cellular death by pyroptosis induction. The inflammatory response is essential for the defense of the organism; for example, it triggers tissue repair and the destruction of pathogen microbe infections. However, when inflammation is activated chronically, it promotes diverse pathologies in the lung, liver, brain and other organs. The nervous system is one of the main tissues where the inflammatory process has been characterized, and its implications in health and disease are starting to be understood. Thus, the regulation of inflammasomes in specific cellular types of the central nervous system needs to be thoroughly understood to innovate treatments for diverse pathologies. In this review, the presence and participation of inflammasomes in pathological conditions in different types of glial cells will be discussed.
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