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Jiang Y, Zhang G, Li L, Chen J, Hao P, Gao Z, Hao J, Xu Z, Wang M, Li C, Jin N. A novel host restriction factor MRPS6 mediates the inhibition of PDCoV infection in HIEC-6 cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1381026. [PMID: 38919620 PMCID: PMC11196785 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1381026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a zoonotic pathogen with a global distribution, capable of infecting both pigs and humans. To mitigate the risk of cross-species transmission and potential outbreaks, it is crucial to characterize novel antiviral genes, particularly those from human hosts. Methods This research used HIEC-6 to investigate PDCoV infection. HIEC-6 cells were infected with PDCoV. Samples were collected 48 h postinfection for proteomic analysis. Results We discovered differential expression of MRPS6 gene at 48 h postinfection with PDCoV in HIEC-6 cells. The gene expression initially increased but then decreased. To further explore the role of MRPS6 in PDCoV infection, we conducted experiments involving the overexpression and knockdown of this gene in HIEC-6 and Caco2 cells, respectively. Our findings revealed that overexpression of MRPS6 significantly inhibited PDCoV infection in HIEC-6 cells, while knockdown of MRPS6 in Caco2 cells led to a significant increase of virus titer. Furthermore, we investigated the correlation between PDCoV infection and the expression of MRPS6. Subsequent investigations demonstrated that MRPS6 exerted an augmentative effect on the production of IFN-β through interferon pathway activation, consequently impeding the progression of PDCoV infection in cellular systems. In conclusion, this study utilized proteomic analysis to investigate the differential protein expression in PDCoV-infected HIEC-6 cells, providing evidence for the first time that the MRPS6 gene plays a restrictive role in PDCoV virus infection. Discussion Our findings initially provide the validation of MRPS6 as an upstream component of IFN-β pathway, in the promotion of IRF3, IRF7, STAT1, STAT2 and IFN-β production of HIEC-6 via dual-activation from interferon pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Letian Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Hao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zihan Gao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jiayi Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Maopeng Wang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory for Virology and Immunology, Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
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Wang X, Qiu W, Hu G, Diao X, Li Y, Li Y, Li P, Liu Y, Feng Y, Xue C, Cao Y, Xu Z. NS7a of SADS-CoV promotes viral infection via inducing apoptosis to suppress type III interferon production. J Virol 2024; 98:e0031724. [PMID: 38624231 PMCID: PMC11092342 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00317-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a newly discovered swine coronavirus with potential cross-species transmission risk. Although SADS-CoV-induced host cell apoptosis and innate immunity antagonization has been revealed, underlying signaling pathways remain obscure. Here, we demonstrated that infection of SADS-CoV induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, and that viral protein NS7a is mainly responsible for SADS-CoV-induced apoptosis in host cells. Furthermore, we found that NS7a interacted with apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria associated 1 (AIFM1) to activate caspase-3 via caspase-6 in SADS-CoV-infected cells, and enhanced SADS-CoV replication. Importantly, NS7a suppressed poly(I:C)-induced expression of type III interferon (IFN-λ) via activating caspase-3 to cleave interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), and caspase-3 inhibitor protects piglets against SADS-CoV infection in vivo. These findings reveal how SADS-CoV induced apoptosis to inhibit innate immunity and provide a valuable clue to the development of effective drugs for the clinical control of SADS-CoV infection.IMPORTANCEOver the last 20 years, multiple animal-originated coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2, have caused millions of deaths, seriously jeopardized human health, and hindered social development, indicating that the study of animal-originated coronaviruses with potential for cross-species transmission is particularly important. Bat-originated swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), discovered in 2017, can not only cause fatal diarrhea in piglets, but also infect multiple human cells, with a potential risk of cross-species transmission, but its pathogenesis is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that NS7a of SADS-CoV suppresses IFN-λ production via apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria associated 1 (AIFM1)-caspase-6-caspase-3-interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) pathway, and caspase-3 inhibitor (Z-DEVD-FMK) can effectively inhibit SADS-CoV replication and protect infected piglets. Our findings in this study contribute to a better understanding of SADS-CoV-host interactions as a part of the coronaviruses pathogenesis and using apoptosis-inhibitor as a drug as potential therapeutic approaches for prevention and control of SADS-CoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangli Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, USA
| | - Yufang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongtong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyi Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Luo T, Li K, Li C, Xia C, Gao C. Development of a triplex quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and porcine rotavirus A. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1390328. [PMID: 38800746 PMCID: PMC11117717 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1390328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine viral diarrhea is caused by many pathogens and can result in watery diarrhea, dehydration and death. Various detection methods, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), have been widely used for molecular diagnosis. We developed a triplex real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) for the simultaneous detection of three RNA viruses potentially associated with porcine viral diarrhea: porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and porcine rotavirus A (PoRVA). The triplex qRT-PCR had R2 values of 0.999 for the standard curves of PEDV, TGEV and PoRVA. Importantly, the limits of detection for PEDV, TGEV and PoRVA were 10 copies/μL. The specificity test showed that the triplex qRT-PCR detected these three pathogens specifically, without cross-reaction with other pathogens. In addition, the approach had good repeatability and reproducibility, with intra-and inter-assay coefficients of variation <1%. Finally, this approach was evaluated for its practicality in the field using 256 anal swab samples. The positive rates of PEDV, TGEV and PoRVA were 2.73% (7/256), 3.91% (10/256) and 19.14% (49/256), respectively. The co-infection rate of two or more pathogens was 2.73% (7/256). The new triplex qRT-PCR was compared with the triplex RT-PCR recommended by the Chinese national standard (GB/T 36871-2018) and showed 100% agreement for PEDV and TGEV and 95.70% for PoRVA. Therefore, the triplex qRT-PCR provided an accurate and sensitive method for identifying three potential RNA viruses for porcine viral diarrhea that could be applied to diagnosis, surveillance and epidemiological investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Changyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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Hao P, Qu Q, Pang Z, Li L, Du S, Shang L, Jin C, Xu W, Ha Z, Jiang Y, Chen J, Gao Z, Jin N, Wang J, Li C. Interaction of species A rotavirus VP4 with the cellular proteins vimentin and actin related protein 2 discovered by a proximity interactome assay. J Virol 2023; 97:e0137623. [PMID: 37991368 PMCID: PMC10734455 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01376-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Rotavirus (RV) is an important zoonosis virus, which can cause severe diarrhea and extra-intestinal infection. To date, some proteins or carbohydrates have been shown to participate in the attachment or internalization of RV, including HGBAs, Hsc70, and integrins. This study attempted to indicate whether there were other proteins that would participate in the entry of RV; thus, the RV VP4-interacting proteins were identified by proximity labeling. After analysis and verification, it was found that VIM and ACTR2 could significantly promote the proliferation of RV in intestinal cells. Through further viral binding assays after knockdown, antibody blocking, and recombinant protein overexpression, it was revealed that both VIM and ACTR2 could promote RV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Qu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoxia Pang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Letian Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Shouwen Du
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Limin Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Chaozhi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuo Ha
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zihan Gao
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Li
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
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Du P, Yan Q, Zhang XA, Zeng W, Xie K, Yuan Z, Liu X, Liu X, Zhang L, Wu K, Li X, Fan S, Zhao M, Chen J. Virus-like particle vaccines with epitopes from porcine epidemic virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus incorporated into self-assembling ADDomer platform provide clinical immune responses in piglets. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1251001. [PMID: 37942329 PMCID: PMC10628522 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1251001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) are major intestinal coronaviruses that cause vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and mortality in piglets. These viruses coexist and lead to significant economic losses in the swine industry. Virus-like particles (VLPs) have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional inactivated vaccines due to their exceptional safety, efficacy, and ability to provide multi-disease protection with a single dose. Methods Our study focused on specific antigenic epitopes from the PEDV S protein (SS2 and 2C10 regions) and the TGEV S protein (A and D sites) as target candidates. These epitopes were integrated into the ADDomer framework, and we successfully generated recombinant proteins AD, AD-P, AD-T, and AD-PT using the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS). By meticulously optimizing conditions in High Five cells, we successfully expressed and purified the recombinant proteins. Subsequently, we developed the recombinant ADDomer-VLP vaccine and conducted a comprehensive evaluation of its efficacy in piglets. Results Following ultrafiltration concentration and sucrose gradient centrifugation purification, the recombinant proteins self-assembled into VLPs as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Administration of the vaccine did not result in any adverse reactions in the immunized piglets. Additionally, no significant instances of fever were detected in any of the experimental groups, and there were no notable changes in average daily weight gain compared to the control group that received PBS. The recombinant ADDomer-VLP vaccines demonstrated strong immunogenicity, effectively stimulating the production of neutralizing antibodies against both PEDV and TGEV. Moreover, the recombinant ADDomer-VLP vaccine induced elevated levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-4, and enhanced cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the peripheral blood of piglets. Discussion These recombinant VLPs have demonstrated the ability to induce strong cellular and humoral immune responses in piglets, making them an incredibly promising platform for the rapid and simplified development of epitope vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Du
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanhui Yan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Ai Zhang
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Zeng
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiyuan Xie
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongmao Yuan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueyi Liu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Keke Wu
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinding Chen
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Persistence Infection of TGEV Promotes Enterococcus faecalis Infection on IPEC-J2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010450. [PMID: 36613893 PMCID: PMC9820250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a coronavirus causing diarrhea with high incidence in swine herds. Its persistent infection might lead to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of swine intestinal epithelial cells, followed by subsequent infections of other pathogens. Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a member of the enteric microorganisms and an opportunistic pathogen. There is no report of secondary E. faecalis infection to TGEV, even though they both target to the intestinal tracts. To investigate the interactions between TGEV and E. faecalis, we set up an in vitro infection model by the swine IPEC-J2 cells. Dynamic changes of cell traits, including EMT and cell motility, were evaluated through qPCR, Western blot, electronic microscopy, scratch test, Transwell migration test and invasion test, respectively. The adhesion and invasion tests of E. faecalis were taken to verify the impact of the preceding TGEV infection. The cell morphology and molecular marker evaluation results showed that the TGEV persistent infection induced EMT on IPEC-J2 cells; increased cellular motility and invasion potential were also observed. Spontaneously, the expression levels of fibronectin (FN) and the membrane protein integrin-α5, which are dominant bacterial receptors on IPEC-J2 cells, were upgraded. It indicated that the bacteria E. faecalis adhered to IPEC-J2 cells through the FN receptor, and then invaded the cells by binding with the integrin-α5, suggesting that both molecules were critical for the adhesion and invasion of E. faecalis to IPEC-J2 cells. Additionally, it appeared that E. faecalis alone might trigger certain EMT phenomena, implying a vicious circle might occur. Generally, bacterial and viral co-infections are frustrating yet common in both human and veterinary medicines, and our observations on enteric TGEV and E. faecalis interactions, especially the diversity of bacterial invasion strategies, might provide new insights into the mechanisms of E. faecalis pathogenicity.
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Yuan C, Sun L, Chen L, Li L, Yao Z, Wang Y, Guo H, Li T, Song Q. Differences in cytokines expression between Vero cells and IPEC-J2 cells infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1002349. [PMID: 36439802 PMCID: PMC9686284 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1002349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) primarily infects suckling piglets and causes severe economic losses to the swine industry. Cytokines, as part of the innate immune response, are important in PEDV infection. The cytokines secreted by cell infection models in vitro might reflect true response to viral infection of target cells in vivo. Vero cells and IPEC-J2 are commonly used as an in vitro model to investigate PEDV infection. However, it is not clear which type of cells is more beneficial to the study of PEDV. In our study, firstly, Vero cells and IPEC-J2 were successfully infected with PEDV virulent strains (HBQY2016) and attenuated vaccine strains (CV777) and were capable of supporting virus replication and progeny release. Moreover, cytokine differences expression by Vero cells and IPEC-J2 cells infected with two PEDV strains were analyzed. Compared with IPEC-J2 cells, only the mRNA levels of TGF-β, MIP-1β and MCP-1 were detected in Vero cells. ELISA assay indicated that compared to the control group, the PEDV-infected group had significantly induced expression levels of IL-1β, MIP-1β, MCP-1, IL-8, and CXCL10 in IPEC-J2 cells, while only secretion level of IL-1β, MIP-1β and IL-8 in Vero cells were higher in PEDV infected group. Finally, cytokines change of piglets infected PEDV-HBQY2016 strains were detected by cDNA microarray, and similar to those of IPEC-J2 cells infected PEDV. Collectively, these data determined that the IPEC-J2 could be more suitable used as a cell model for studying PEDV infection in vitro compared with Vero cells, based on the close approximation of cytokine expression profile to in vivo target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuan
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Lidan Sun
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Ligong Chen
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Limin Li
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zuojun Yao
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Haiyong Guo
- School of Life Science, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Tanqing Li
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Qinye Song
- Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Qinye Song,
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Chen J, Xu W, Li P, Song L, Jiang Y, Hao P, Gao Z, Zou W, Jin N, Li C. Antiviral Effect of pIFNLs against PEDV and VSV Infection in Different Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9661. [PMID: 36077060 PMCID: PMC9455898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III and type I interferon have similar mechanisms of action, and their different receptors lead to different distributions in tissue. On mucosal surfaces, type III interferon exhibits strong antiviral activity. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an economically important enteropathogenic coronavirus, which can cause a high incidence rate and mortality in piglets. Here, we demonstrate that porcine interferon lambda 1 (pIFNL1) and porcine interferon lambda 3 (pIFNL3) can inhibit the proliferation of vesicular stomatitis virus with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (VSV-EGFP) in different cells, and also show strong antiviral activity when PEDV infects Vero cells. Both forms of pIFNLs were shown to be better than porcine interferon alpha (pIFNα), the antiviral activity of pIFNL1 is lower than that of pIFNL3. Therefore, our results provide experimental evidence for the inhibition of PEDV infection by pIFNLs, which may provide a promising treatment for the prevention and treatment of Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Peiheng Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Lina Song
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Pengfei Hao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Zihan Gao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Wancheng Zou
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
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Cruz-Pulido D, Ouma WZ, Kenney SP. Differing coronavirus genres alter shared host signaling pathways upon viral infection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9744. [PMID: 35697915 PMCID: PMC9189807 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses are important viral pathogens across a range of animal species including humans. They have a high potential for cross-species transmission as evidenced by the emergence of COVID-19 and may be the origin of future pandemics. There is therefore an urgent need to study coronaviruses in depth and to identify new therapeutic targets. This study shows that distant coronaviruses such as Alpha-, Beta-, and Deltacoronaviruses can share common host immune associated pathways and genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the transcription profile of epithelial cell lines infected with swine acute diarrhea syndrome, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or porcine deltacoronavirus, showed that DEGs within 10 common immune associated pathways were upregulated upon infection. Twenty Three pathways and 21 DEGs across 10 immune response associated pathways were shared by these viruses. These 21 DEGs can serve as focused targets for therapeutics against newly emerging coronaviruses. We were able to show that even though there is a positive correlation between PDCoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections, these viruses could be using different strategies for efficient replication in their cells from their natural hosts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative host transcriptome analysis across distant coronavirus genres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cruz-Pulido
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | | | - Scott P Kenney
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Food Animal Health, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.
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