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Murshed A, Alnoud MAH, Ahmad S, Khan SU, Alissa M, Alsuwat MA, Ahmed AE, Khan MU. Genetic Alchemy unveiled: MicroRNA-mediated gene therapy as the Artisan craft in the battlefront against hepatocellular carcinoma-a comprehensive chronicle of strategies and innovations. Front Genet 2024; 15:1356972. [PMID: 38915826 PMCID: PMC11194743 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1356972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigating therapeutic miRNAs is a rewarding endeavour for pharmaceutical companies. Since its discovery in 1993, our understanding of miRNA biology has advanced significantly. Numerous studies have emphasised the disruption of miRNA expression in various diseases, making them appealing candidates for innovative therapeutic approaches. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant malignancy that poses a severe threat to human health, accounting for approximately 70%-85% of all malignant tumours. Currently, the efficacy of several HCC therapies is limited. Alterations in various biomacromolecules during HCC progression and their underlying mechanisms provide a basis for the investigation of novel and effective therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs, also known as miRNAs, have been identified in the last 20 years and significantly impact gene expression and protein translation. This atypical expression pattern is strongly associated with the onset and progression of various malignancies. Gene therapy, a novel form of biological therapy, is a prominent research area. Therefore, miRNAs have been used in the investigation of tumour gene therapy. This review examines the mechanisms of action of miRNAs, explores the correlation between miRNAs and HCC, and investigates the use of miRNAs in HCC gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abduh Murshed
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mohammed A. H. Alnoud
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Saleem Ahmad
- Cardiovascular Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Safir Ullah Khan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari A. Alsuwat
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Sultan Bin Abdelaziz for Environmental Research and Natural Resources Sustainability Center, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munir Ullah Khan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for XPolymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Motomura K, Kuwano A, Tanaka K, Koga Y, Masumoto A, Yada M. Potential Predictive Biomarkers of Systemic Drug Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Anticipated Usefulness in Clinical Practice. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4345. [PMID: 37686621 PMCID: PMC10486942 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the systemic drug treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, only the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sorafenib was available for a period. This was followed by the development of regorafenib as a second-line treatment after sorafenib, and then lenvatinib, a new TKI, proved non-inferiority to sorafenib and became available as a first-line treatment. Subsequently, cabozantinib, another TKI, was introduced as a second-line treatment, along with ramucirumab, the only drug proven to be predictive of therapeutic efficacy when AFP levels are >400 ng/mL. It is an anti-VEGF receptor antibody. More recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the mainstay of systemic therapy and can now be used as a first-line standard treatment for HCC. However, the objective response rate for these drugs is currently only 30% to 40%, and there is a high incidence of side effects. Additionally, there are no practical biomarkers to predict their therapeutic effects. Therefore, this review provides an overview of extensive research conducted on potential HCC biomarkers from blood, tissue, or imaging information that can be used in practice to predict the therapeutic efficacy of systemic therapy before its initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Motomura
- Department of Hepatology, Iizuka Hospital, 3-83 Yoshio-machi, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8505, Japan; (A.K.); (K.T.); (Y.K.); (A.M.); (M.Y.)
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KUCUKAKCALI Z, AKBULUT S, COLAK C. Machine Learning-based Prediction of HBV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Detection of Key Candidate Biomarkers. Medeni Med J 2022; 37:255-263. [PMID: 36128800 PMCID: PMC9500333 DOI: 10.4274/mmj.galenos.2022.39049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to classify open-access gene expression data of patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV + HCC) and chronic HBV without HCC (HBV alone) using the XGBoost method, one of the machine learning methods, and reveal important genes that may cause HCC. Methods This case-control study used the open-access gene expression data of patients with HBV + HCC and HBV alone. Data from 17 patients with HBV + HCC and 36 patients with HBV were included. XGBoost was constructed for the classification via 10-fold cross-validation. Accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, positive-predictive value, and negative-predictive value performance metrics were evaluated for model performance. Results According to the feature-selection method, 18 genes were selected, and modeling was performed with these input variables. Accuracy, balanced accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive value, negative-predictive value, and F1 score obtained from XGBoost model were 98.1%, 98.6%, 100%, 97.2%, 94.4%, 100%, and 97.1%, respectively. Based on the predictor importance findings acquired from XGBoost, the RNF26, FLJ10233, ACBD6, RBM12, PFAS, H3C11, and GKP5 can be employed as potential biomarkers of HBV-related HCC. Conclusions In this study, genes that may be possible biomarkers of HBV-related HCC were determined using a machine learning-based prediction approach. After the reliability of the obtained genes are clinically verified in subsequent research, therapeutic procedures can be established based on these genes, and their usefulness in clinical practice may be documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep KUCUKAKCALI
- Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Sami AKBULUT
- Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Malatya, Turkey
- Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Malatya, Turkey
- Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Cemil COLAK
- Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Malatya, Turkey
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Khan A, Zhang X. Function of the Long Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Classification, Molecular Mechanisms, and Significant Therapeutic Potentials. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:406. [PMID: 36004931 PMCID: PMC9405066 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common and serious type of primary liver cancer. HCC patients have a high death rate and poor prognosis due to the lack of clear signs and inadequate treatment interventions. However, the molecular pathways that underpin HCC pathogenesis remain unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a new type of RNAs, have been found to play important roles in HCC. LncRNAs have the ability to influence gene expression and protein activity. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has been linked to a growing number of liver disorders, including HCC. As a result, improved understanding of lncRNAs could lead to new insights into HCC etiology, as well as new approaches for the early detection and treatment of HCC. The latest results with respect to the role of lncRNAs in controlling multiple pathways of HCC were summarized in this study. The processes by which lncRNAs influence HCC advancement by interacting with chromatin, RNAs, and proteins at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels were examined. This critical review also highlights recent breakthroughs in lncRNA signaling pathways in HCC progression, shedding light on the potential applications of lncRNAs for HCC diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Jiang C, Shi X, Yi D, Wang R, Xu F, Guan W, Sang J. Long non-coding RNA anti-differentiation non-coding RNA affects proliferation, invasion, and migration of breast cancer cells by targeting miR-331. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12236-12245. [PMID: 34783641 PMCID: PMC8810111 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2005989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effects of long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) anti-differentiation non-coding RNA (ANCR) on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of breast cancer cells by targeting miR-331. Forty-eight breast cancer and paracancerous tissue samples were collected. LncRNA ANCR expressions in breast cancer and adjacent tissues, human breast cancer cells and mammary epithelial cells, and miR-331 expressions in interfering cell line MDA-MB-231 (MCF-7)-shANCR, negative control MDA-MB-231 (MCF-7)-shNC and blank control MDA-MB-231 (MCF-7) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The correlations between lncRNA ANCR expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT and colony formation assays. Invasion and migration were tested by Transwell and scratch assays, respectively. The targeting relationship between ANCR and miR-331 was analyzed using the TargetScan database, and their interaction was studied using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The expression of lncRNA ANCR in breast cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissue (p < 0.05). LncRNA ANCR was lowly expressed in various human breast cancer cell lines, being lowest in high-metastatic cell line (MDA-MB-231HM) (p < 0.05). Silencing lncRNA ANCR significantly enhanced the proliferation and invasion capacities of breast cancer cells, and promoted their tumor formation abilities in nude mice (p < 0.05). ANCR bound miR-331 targetedly, and the former negatively regulated the expression of the latter. LncRNA ANCR is lowly expressed upon breast cancer, and inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo. LncRNA ANCR exerts antitumor effects by targetedly binding miR-331 and then inhibiting its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xianbiao Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dandan Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fazhan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianfeng Sang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Abstract
Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for approximately 80% of all liver cancers. The serum concentration of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the only validated biomarker for HCC diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of 21–30 nucleotides playing a critical role in human carcinogenesis, with types of miRNAs with oncogenic (oncomiRs) or tumor suppressor features. The altered expression of miRNAs in HCC is associated with many pathological processes, such as cancer initiation, tumor growth, apoptosis escape, promotion of migration and invasion. Moreover, circulating miRNAs have been increasingly investigated as non-invasive biomarkers for HCC diagnosis. MiRNAs’ expression patterns are altered in HCC and several single miRNAs or miRNAs panels have been found significantly up or downregulated in HCC with respect to healthy controls or non-oncological patients (cirrhotic or with viral hepatitis). However, any of the investigated miRNAs or miRNAs panels has entered clinical practice so far. This has mostly to do with lack of protocols standardization, small sample size and discrepancies in the measurement techniques. This review summarizes the major findings regarding the diagnostic role of miRNAs in HCC and their possible use together with standard biomarkers in order to obtain an early diagnosis and easier differential diagnosis from non-cancerous liver disease.
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He J, He H, Qi Y, Yang J, Zhi L, Jia Y. Application of epigenetics in dermatological research and skin management. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:1920-1930. [PMID: 34357681 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetics has recently evolved from a collection of diverse phenomena to a defined and far-reaching field of study. Epigenetic modifications of the genome, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, have been reported to play a role in some skin diseases or cancer. AIMS The purpose of this article was to review the development of epigenetic in recent decades and their applications in dermatological research. METHODS An extensive literature search was conducted on epigenetic modifications since the first research on epigenetic. RESULTS This article summarizes the concept and development of epigenetics, as well as the process and principle of epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA. Their application in some skin diseases and cosmetic research and development is also summarized. CONCLUSIONS This information will help to understand the mechanisms of epigenetics and some non-coding RNA, the discovery of the related drugs, and provide new insights for skin health management and cosmetic research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbiao He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Huaming He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Qi
- Shandong Huawutang Biological Technology Co, Ltd, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Shandong Huawutang Biological Technology Co, Ltd, Shandong, China
| | - Leilei Zhi
- Shandong Huawutang Biological Technology Co, Ltd, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Key Laboratory of Cosmetic of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
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Characterization of complete lncRNAs transcriptome reveals the functional and clinical impact of lncRNAs in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2021; 35:1438-1450. [PMID: 33597729 PMCID: PMC8102198 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease, whose clinical heterogeneity makes its management challenging, highlighting the need for biological features to guide improved therapies. Deregulation of specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been shown in MM, nevertheless, the complete lncRNA transcriptome has not yet been elucidated. In this work, we identified 40,511 novel lncRNAs in MM samples. lncRNAs accounted for 82% of the MM transcriptome and were more heterogeneously expressed than coding genes. A total of 10,351 overexpressed and 9,535 downregulated lncRNAs were identified in MM patients when compared with normal bone-marrow plasma cells. Transcriptional dynamics study of lncRNAs in the context of normal B-cell maturation revealed 989 lncRNAs with exclusive expression in MM, among which 89 showed de novo epigenomic activation. Knockdown studies on one of these lncRNAs, SMILO (specific myeloma intergenic long non-coding RNA), resulted in reduced proliferation and induction of apoptosis of MM cells, and activation of the interferon pathway. We also showed that the expression of lncRNAs, together with clinical and genetic risk alterations, stratified MM patients into several progression-free survival and overall survival groups. In summary, our global analysis of the lncRNAs transcriptome reveals the presence of specific lncRNAs associated with the biological and clinical behavior of the disease.
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Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Obesity-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051290. [PMID: 32443737 PMCID: PMC7281233 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global, intractable issue, altering inflammatory and stress response pathways, and promoting tissue adiposity and tumorigenesis. Visceral fat accumulation is correlated with primary tumor recurrence, poor prognosis and chemotherapeutic resistance. Accumulating evidence highlights a close association between obesity and an increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Obesity drives HCC, and obesity-associated tumorigenesis develops via nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and ultimately to HCC. The better molecular elucidation and proteogenomic characterization of obesity-associated HCC might eventually open up potential therapeutic avenues. The mechanisms relating obesity and HCC are correlated with adipose tissue remodeling, alteration in the gut microbiome, genetic factors, ER stress, oxidative stress and epigenetic changes. During obesity-related hepatocarcinogenesis, adipokine secretion is dysregulated and the nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 1 (Nrf-1), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/Akt, and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways are activated. This review captures the present trends allied with the molecular mechanisms involved in obesity-associated hepatic tumorigenesis, showcasing next generation molecular therapeutic strategies and their mechanisms for the successful treatment of HCC.
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Chiabotto G, Camussi G, Bruno S. Role of ncRNAs in modulation of liver fibrosis by extracellular vesicles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s41544-020-00050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane vesicles carrying bioactive lipids, proteins and nucleic acids of the cell of origin. In particular, EVs carry non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and the vesicle membrane may protect them from degradation. Once released within the extracellular space, EVs can transfer their cargo, including ncRNAs, to neighboring or distant cells, thus inducing phenotypical and functional changes that may be relevant in several physio-pathological conditions. This review provides an overview of the role of EV-carried ncRNAs in the modulation of liver fibrosis. In particular, we focused on EV-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved into the development of liver fibrosis and on the potential use of EV-associated ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of liver fibrosis.
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LncRNAs Act as a Link between Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082883. [PMID: 32326098 PMCID: PMC7216144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important contributors to the biological processes underlying the pathophysiology of various human diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the involvement of these molecules in chronic liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and viral hepatitis, has only recently been considered in scientific research. While extensive studies on the pathogenesis of the development of HCC from hepatic fibrosis have been conducted, their regulatory molecular mechanisms are still only partially understood. The underlying mechanisms related to lncRNAs leading to HCC from chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis have not yet been entirely elucidated. Therefore, elucidating the functional roles of lncRNAs in chronic liver disease and HCC can contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms, and may help in developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC, as well as in preventing the progression of chronic liver disease to HCC. Here, we comprehensively review and briefly summarize some lncRNAs that participate in both hepatic fibrosis and HCC.
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Huang PS, Lin YH, Chi HC, Tseng YH, Chen CY, Lin TK, Yeh CT, Lin KH. Dysregulated FAM215A Stimulates LAMP2 Expression to Confer Drug-Resistant and Malignant in Human Liver Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040961. [PMID: 32295144 PMCID: PMC7227021 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and aggressive human malignancies worldwide. Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs regulate complex cellular functions, such as cell growth, differentiation, metabolism, and metastasis. Although deregulation of lncRNA expression has been detected in HCC, many of the hepato-carcinogenesis-associated lncRNAs remain yet unidentified. Here, we aimed to investigate the involvement of a specific HCC-dysregulated lncRNA, FAM215A, and characterize its molecular regulation mechanism. We show for the first time that FAM215A is overexpressed in HCC, and its expression level correlates with tumor size, vascular invasion, and pathology stage. Overexpression of FAM215A accelerates cell proliferation and metastasis in HCC cells. According to Gene Expression Omnibus Dataset analysis, FAM215A is induced in doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant HCC cells. Overexpression of FAM215A increases DOX resistance in two HCC cell lines, and this is associated with enhanced expression of lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2). FAM215A interacts with LAMP2 to protect it from ubiquitination. Together, our results show that the lncRNA, FAM215A, is highly expressed in HCC, where it interacts with and stabilizes LAMP2 to increase tumor progression while decreasing doxorubicin sensitivity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2/genetics
- Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Transfection
- Up-Regulation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Shuan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, (H.-C.C.)
| | - Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, (H.-C.C.)
| | - Yi-Hsin Tseng
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Kang Lin
- Neurosurgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan;
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, (C.-T.Y.)
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, (H.-C.C.)
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, (C.-T.Y.)
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-H.L.); Tel./Fax: +886-3-2118263 (K.-H.L.)
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Mo J, Li B, Zhou Y, Xu Y, Jiang H, Cheng X, Wu X, Zhang Y. LINC00473 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via acting as a ceRNA for microRNA-195 and increasing HMGA2 expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109403. [PMID: 31562977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a most aggressive malignant tumor. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC are still completely unclear. LINC00473 is identified as a tumor promoter in many cancers. In this investigation, the function of LINC00473 was specifically focused on. We exhibited that LINC00473 was obviously elevated in HCC cells compared to QSG-7701 cells. Functionally, down-regulation of LINC00473 could prevent HCC cell viability and cell proliferation. For another, HCC cell colony formation capacity was greatly restrained while cell apoptosis was triggered by loss of LINC00473. Meanwhile, would-healing assay and transwell invasion experiments were employed in our present study. As demonstrated, we observed that HCC cell migratory and invasive ability were obviously suppressed by the silence of LINC00473. Apart from these, mechanistic investigations implied miR-195 was a sponge target of LINC00473. It is widely established miR-195 is a famous tumor inhibitory gene regulator in various cancers. Here, we confirmed the binding correlation between LINC00473 and miR-195 using RIP assay. Subsequently, in vivo experiments were employed and it was manifested that LINC00473 was able to promote HCC tumor growth via acting as a ceRNA to inhibit miR-195. HMGA2 is a kind of nuclear-binding protein and it is involved in various cancers. We predicted it as a target of miR-195 and we confirmed their correlation. In addition, HMGA2 was repressed by loss of LINC00473, which was rescued by miR-195 inhibitors. Then, we found that angiogenic fator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was inhibited by loss of LINC00473 whereas anti-angiogenic factor EPN2 was induced in vivo. Taken all these together, our study revealed the significance of LINC00473/miR-195/HMGA2 signaling axis for the first time in HCC progression. It was suggested the potential possibility of LINC00473 as an indicator for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinggang Mo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou college, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Youwen Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou college, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Xingjing Cheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou college, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou college, Taizhou, 318000, China.
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou college, Taizhou, 318000, China.
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14
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LINC00460 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development through sponging miR-485-5p to up-regulate PAK1. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109213. [PMID: 31376654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs can function as significant regulators of tumor development. However, their roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly investigated. LINC00460 has been identified in several cancers, which can act as an oncogene. In this study, we observed that LINC00460 was significantly up-regulated in HCC cells, which implied that LINC00460 was involved in HCC development. Then, LINC00460 was silenced in Hep3B and Huh-7 cells and we found that knockdown of LINC00460 greatly inhibited HCC cell proliferation. In addition, HCC cell apoptosis was induced and meanwhile, cell cycle progression was blocked by down-regulation of LINC00460 in vitro. Furthermore, we proved that Hep3B and Huh-7 cell migration and invasion capacity was repressed by decrease of LINC00460. Recently, a growing number of studies have indicated the correlation between lncRNAs and microRNAs. Currently, we displayed that miR-485-5p was greatly decreased in HCC cells and LINC00460 could sponge miR-485-5p to regulate HCC progression. The binding association between LINC00460 and miR-485-5p was confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA pulled down and RIP assay in our research. Subsequently, PAK1 was predicted as a downstream target of miR-485-5p and we demonstrated that miR-485-5p suppressed PAK1 levels in vitro. Finally, in vivo experiments were conducted to validate that knockdown of LINC00460 repressed HCC development through modulating miR-485-5p to increase PAK1. Taken these together, we indicated that LINC00460 promoted HCC progression through sponging miR-485-5p and up-regulating PAK1.
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15
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Liang T, Wang B, Li J, Liu Y. LINC00922 Accelerates the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Lung Cancer Via the miRNA-204/CXCR4 Axis. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5075-5086. [PMID: 31287095 PMCID: PMC6636409 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to clarify the potential function of LINC00922 in regulating the progression of lung cancer and its underling mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS Relative levels of LINC00922 in lung cancer tissues and cell lines was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Correlation between LINC00922 levels and pathological indexes of lung cancer patients was analyzed through the chi-square test. Subsequently, regulatory effects of LINC00922 on the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities of PC9 and A549 cells were evaluated. Western blot was conducted to determine the role of LINC00922 in mediating protein levels of CXCR4, E-cadherin, and vimentin. Through dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and functional experiments, the potential function of LINC00922/miRNA-204/CXCR4 regulatory loop in mediating the progression of lung cancer was explored. RESULTS LINC00922 was highly expressed in lung cancer and correlated to the poor prognosis of lung cancer patients. Overexpression of LINC00922 accelerated PC9 and A549 cells to proliferate, migrate, and invade. CXCR4 was upregulated in lung cancer tissues and cells, which promoted lung cancer cells to migrate and invade. LINC00922 regulated the level of CXCR4 and directly bound to miRNA-204/CXCR4. LINC00922 mediated the cellular behaviors of lung cancer cells via targeting the miRNA-204/CXCR4 axis. CONCLUSIONS LINC00922 was upregulated in lung cancer, and accelerated lung cancer cells to proliferate, migrate, and invade via targeting the miRNA-204/CXCR4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese PLA Rocket Force General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland).,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) Rocket Force General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
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16
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Huang W, Skanderup AJ, Lee CG. Advances in genomic hepatocellular carcinoma research. Gigascience 2018; 7:5232228. [PMID: 30521023 PMCID: PMC6335342 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giy135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the cancer with the second highest mortality in the world due to its late presentation and limited treatment options. As such, there is an urgent need to identify novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and to develop novel therapies. The availability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data from tumors of liver cancer patients has provided us with invaluable resources to better understand HCC through the integration of data from different sources to facilitate the identification of promising biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Findings Here, we review key insights gleaned from more than 20 NGS studies of HCC tumor samples, comprising approximately 582 whole genomes and 1,211 whole exomes mainly from the East Asian population. Through consolidation of reported somatic mutations from multiple studies, we identified genes with different types of somatic mutations, including single nucleotide variations, insertion/deletions, structural variations, and copy number alterations as well as genes with multiple frequent viral integration. Pathway analysis showed that this curated list of somatic mutations is critically involved in cancer-related pathways, viral carcinogenesis, and signaling pathways. Lastly, we addressed the future directions of HCC research as more NGS datasets become available. Conclusions Our review is a comprehensive resource for the current NGS research in HCC, consolidating published articles, potential gene candidates, and their related biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitai Huang
- Computational and Systems Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore.,Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Anders Jacobsen Skanderup
- Computational and Systems Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Caroline G Lee
- Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.,Division of Medical Sciences, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169547, Singapore
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17
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Sagnelli E, Potenza N, Onorato L, Sagnelli C, Coppola N, Russo A. Micro-RNAs in hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2018; 10:558-570. [PMID: 30310534 PMCID: PMC6177563 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i9.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that modulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by affecting both the stability and translation of complementary mRNAs. Several studies have shown that miRNAs are important regulators in the conflicting efforts between the virus (to manipulate the host for its successful propagation) and the host (to inhibit the virus), culminating in either the elimination of the virus or its persistence. An increasing number of studies report a role of miRNAs in hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and pathogenesis. In fact, HBV is able to modulate different host miRNAs, particularly through the transcriptional transactivator HBx protein and, conversely, different cellular miRNAs can regulate HBV gene expression and replication by a direct binding to HBV transcripts or indirectly targeting host factors. The present review will discuss the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of HBV-related diseases and their role as a biomarker in the management of patients with HBV-related disease and as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelista Sagnelli
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80135, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Potenza
- DISTABIF, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80100, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Onorato
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80135, Italy
| | - Caterina Sagnelli
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80135, Italy
| | - Nicola Coppola
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80135, Italy
| | - Aniello Russo
- DISTABIF, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80100, Italy
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18
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Lv J, Kong Y, Gao Z, Liu Y, Zhu P, Yu Z. LncRNA TUG1 interacting with miR-144 contributes to proliferation, migration and tumorigenesis through activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 101:19-28. [PMID: 29791864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Chen W, You J, Zheng Q, Zhu YY. Downregulation of lncRNA OGFRP1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by AKT/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1817-1826. [PMID: 29997441 PMCID: PMC6033083 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s164911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Increasing evidence demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by regulating gene expression. However, the identification of functional lncRNAs in HCC remains insufficient. Our study aimed to investigate the function of lncRNA OGFRP1, which has not been functionally researched before, in Hep3B and HepG2 cells. Methods lncRNA OGFRP1 in HCC cells was down-regulated by using RNAi technology. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the mRNA expression of lncRNA OGFRP1. Cell proliferation was examined by CCK8 and clone formation assays. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by using Scratch assay and transwell assay, respectively. Protein expression of signaling pathways was determined by using Western blot. Results Cell proliferation of Hep3B was significantly inhibited by down-regulation of lncRNA OGFRP1 (P<0.05). Moreover, siOGFRP1 transfection induced Hep3B cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by regulating the expression of related proteins. Cell migration and invasion of Hep3B were also significantly inhibited by down-regulation of lncRNA OGFRP1. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), was inactivated by lncRNA OGFRP1 downregulation, including decreased expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin, N-cadherin and vimentin and increased expression of E-cadherin. We also found that the inhibitory effect of lncRNA OGFRP1 knockdown on Hep3B was mediated by the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and IGF-1, an AKT signaling activator, could rescue the cellular phenotype. However, knockdown of lncRNA OGFRP1 did not influence cell proliferation, migration and invasion in HepG2 cells. Conclusion We found that downregulation of lncRNA OGFRP1 suppressed the proliferation and EMT of HCC Hep3B cells through AKT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. However, lncRNA OGFRP1 exhibited a differentiated function in different HCC cell lines, which required further study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Center for Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medicine University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China, ;
| | - Jia You
- Center for Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medicine University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China, ;
| | - Qi Zheng
- Center for Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medicine University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China, ;
| | - Yue-Yong Zhu
- Center for Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medicine University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China, ;
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20
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Ding K, Liao Y, Gong D, Zhao X, Ji W. Effect of long non-coding RNA H19 on oxidative stress and chemotherapy resistance of CD133+ cancer stem cells via the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:194-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Yang J, Li C, Zhang L, Wang X. Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Non-coding RNAs in Liver Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:415. [PMID: 29740327 PMCID: PMC5928552 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous vesicles secreted from normal, diseased, and transformed cells in vitro and in vivo. EVs have been found to play a critical role in cell-to-cell communication by transferring non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and so on. Emerging evidence shows that transferring biological information through EVs to neighboring cells in intercellular communication not only keep physiological functions, but also participate in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Liver diseases often promote release of EVs and/or in different cargo sorting into these EVs. Either of these modifications can promote disease pathogenesis. Given this fact, EV-associated ncRNAs, such as miR-192, miR-122 and lncRNA-ROR and so on, can serve as new diagnostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for liver disease, because altered EV-associated ncRNAs may reflect the underlying liver disease condition. In this review, we focus on understanding the emerging role of EV-associated ncRNAs in viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and discuss their utility in biomarker discovery and therapeutics. A better understanding of this multifaceted pattern of communication between different type cells in liver may contribute to developing novel approaches for personalized diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfa Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Changyao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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22
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Coppola N, de Stefano G, Panella M, Onorato L, Iodice V, Minichini C, Mosca N, Desiato L, Farella N, Starace M, Liorre G, Potenza N, Sagnelli E, Russo A. Lowered expression of microRNA-125a-5p in human hepatocellular carcinoma and up-regulation of its oncogenic targets sirtuin-7, matrix metalloproteinase-11, and c-Raf. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25289-25299. [PMID: 28445974 PMCID: PMC5421930 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human microRNA-125a-5p (miR-125a) is expressed in most tissues where it downregulates the expression of membrane receptors or intracellular transductors of mitogenic signals, thus limiting cell proliferation. Expression of this miRNA generally increases with cell differentiation whereas it is downregulated in several types of tumors, such as breast, lung, ovarian, gastric, colon, and cervical cancers, neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, glioblastoma, and retinoblastoma. In this study, we focused on hepatocellular carcinoma and used real-time quantitative PCR to measure miR-125a expression in 55 tumor biopsies and in matched adjacent non-tumor liver tissues. This analysis showed a downregulation of miR-125a in 80 % of patients, with a mean decrease of 4.7-fold. Comparison of miRNA downregulation with clinicopathological parameters of patients didn't yield significant correlations except for serum bilirubin. We then evaluated the expression of known targets of miR-125a and found that sirtuin-7, matrix metalloproteinase-11, and c-Raf were up-regulated in tumor tissue by 2.2-, 3-, and 1.7-fold, respectively. Overall, these data support a tumor suppressor role for miR-125a and encourage further studies aimed at the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms governing its expression, eventually leading to treatments to restore its expression in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Coppola
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio de Stefano
- IX Interventional Ultrasound Unit for Infectious Diseases, AORN dei Colli, P.O. Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | - Marta Panella
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Onorato
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Iodice
- IX Interventional Ultrasound Unit for Infectious Diseases, AORN dei Colli, P.O. Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Minichini
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Mosca
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luisa Desiato
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia Farella
- IX Interventional Ultrasound Unit for Infectious Diseases, AORN dei Colli, P.O. Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Starace
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Liorre
- IX Interventional Ultrasound Unit for Infectious Diseases, AORN dei Colli, P.O. Cotugno, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Potenza
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Evangelista Sagnelli
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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23
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Yan Y, Fan Q, Wang L, Zhou Y, Li J, Zhou K. LncRNA Snhg1, a non-degradable sponge for miR-338, promotes expression of proto-oncogene CST3 in primary esophageal cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35750-35760. [PMID: 28423738 PMCID: PMC5482614 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is a newly proposed mechanism that describes a crosstalk among lncRNAs, mRNAs and their shared miRNAs. In this study, the role of miR-338-3p (miR-338) in the progression of esophageal cancer and its involve in the ceRNA regulatory circuit lncRNA-Snhg1/CST3 were explored. MiR-338 displayed a 30% decreased expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with the adjacent. Then, proto-oncogene CST3 was predicted and validated as a target gene of miR-338. Gain-and-loss-function experiments indicated that miR-338 suppressed expression of CST3 protein (also Cystatin C, CysC), promoted expression of apoptotic proteins caspase-8/3, attenuated esophageal carcinoma cell growth and induced its apoptosis. In addition, lncRNA-Snhg1 was significantly upregulated in esophageal carcinoma tissues and promoted esophageal carcinoma cell growth. Furthermore, our results from bioinformatics, luciferase reporter gene and RNA pull-down assays indicated that Snhg1 could be directly bound by miR-338. Snhg1 acted as a non-degradable sponge to relieve the suppression on CST3 caused by miR-338. In conclusion, lncRNA-Snhg1 promoted cell proliferation by acting as a non-degradable sponge for the tumor suppressor miR-338 in esophageal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingxia Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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24
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Rizzo F, Rinaldi A, Marchese G, Coviello E, Sellitto A, Cordella A, Giurato G, Nassa G, Ravo M, Tarallo R, Milanesi L, Destro A, Torzilli G, Roncalli M, Di Tommaso L, Weisz A. Specific patterns of PIWI-interacting small noncoding RNA expression in dysplastic liver nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54650-54661. [PMID: 27429044 PMCID: PMC5342370 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the result of a stepwise process, often beginning with development within a cirrhotic liver of premalignant lesions, morphologically characterized by low- (LGDN) and high-grade (HGDN) dysplastic nodules. PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), 23-35 nucleotide-long, exerting epigenetic and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Recently the PIWI-piRNA pathway, best characterized in germline cells, has been identified also in somatic tissues, including stem and cancer cells, where it influences key cellular processes.Small RNA sequencing was applied to search for liver piRNAs and to profile their expression patterns in cirrhotic nodules (CNs), LGDN, HGDN, early HCC and progressed HCC (pHCC), analyzing 55 samples (14 CN, 9 LGDN, 6 HGDN, 6 eHCC and 20 pHCC) from 17 patients, aiming at identifying possible relationships between these sncRNAs and liver carcinogenesis. We identified a 125 piRNA expression signature that characterize HCC from matched CNs, correlating also to microvascular invasion in HCC. Functional analysis of the predicted RNA targets of deregulated piRNAs indicates that these can target key signaling pathways involved in hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC progression, thereby affecting their activity. Interestingly, 24 piRNAs showed specific expression patterns in dysplastic nodules, respect to cirrhotic liver and/or pHCC.The results demonstrate that the PIWI-piRNA pathway is active in human liver, where it represents a new player in the molecular events that characterize hepatocarcinogenesis, from early stages to pHCC. Furthermore, they suggest that piRNAs might be new disease biomarkers, useful for differential diagnosis of dysplastic and neoplastic liver lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rizzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Antonio Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | | | - Elena Coviello
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Assunta Sellitto
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy.,Genomix4life, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy.,Genomix4life, University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Maria Ravo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Roberta Tarallo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
| | - Luciano Milanesi
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Destro
- Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano-Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Torzilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.,Hepatobiliary and General Surgery Division, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano-Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Roncalli
- Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano-Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Di Tommaso
- Pathology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano-Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano-Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Schola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi (SA), Italy
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25
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Hu M, Wang M, Lu H, Wang X, Fang X, Wang J, Ma C, Chen X, Xia H. Loss of miR-1258 contributes to carcinogenesis and progression of liver cancer through targeting CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43419-43431. [PMID: 27270326 PMCID: PMC5190034 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. The number of deaths is proportional to the global incidence, which highlights the aggressive tumor biology and lack of effective therapies. Dysregulation of microRNAs has been implicated in carcinogenesis and progression of liver cancer. Here, we identified that miR-1258 was significantly downregulated in HCC and associated with poor patients' survival. Overexpression of miR-1258 significantly inhibits liver cancer cell growth, proliferation and tumorigenicity through increasing cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and promotes cell apoptosis. Interestingly, stable overexpression of miR-1258 suppresses cell migration, stemness and increases sensitivity of HCC cells to chemotherapy drug like doxorubicin. The CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B (CKS1B) was identified as a functional downstream target of miR-1258. Re-expression of CKS1B overcomes miR-1258 induced apoptosis and increases stemness of HCC cells, suggesting that loss of miR-1258 contributes to carcinogenesis and progression of liver cancer through targeting CKS1B. Therefore, loss of miR-1258 may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and blocking miR-1258-CKS1B axis is a potential therapeutic strategy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Huihong Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Xiaoshan Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Jinguo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Chenyang Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Hongping Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
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Carotenuto P, Fassan M, Pandolfo R, Lampis A, Vicentini C, Cascione L, Paulus-Hock V, Boulter L, Guest R, Quagliata L, Hahne JC, Ridgway R, Jamieson T, Athineos D, Veronese A, Visone R, Murgia C, Ferrari G, Guzzardo V, Evans TRJ, MacLeod M, Feng GJ, Dale T, Negrini M, Forbes SJ, Terracciano L, Scarpa A, Patel T, Valeri N, Workman P, Sansom O, Braconi C. Wnt signalling modulates transcribed-ultraconserved regions in hepatobiliary cancers. Gut 2017; 66:1268-1277. [PMID: 27618837 PMCID: PMC5530482 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcribed-ultraconserved regions (T-UCR) are long non-coding RNAs which are conserved across species and are involved in carcinogenesis. We studied T-UCRs downstream of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in liver cancer. DESIGN Hypomorphic Apc mice (Apcfl/fl) and thiocetamide (TAA)-treated rats developed Wnt/β-catenin dependent hepatocarcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), respectively. T-UCR expression was assessed by microarray, real-time PCR and in situ hybridisation. RESULTS Overexpression of the T-UCR uc.158- could differentiate Wnt/β-catenin dependent HCC from normal liver and from β-catenin negative diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC. uc.158- was overexpressed in human HepG2 versus Huh7 cells in line with activation of the Wnt pathway. In vitro modulation of β-catenin altered uc.158- expression in human malignant hepatocytes. uc.158- expression was increased in CTNNB1-mutated human HCCs compared with non-mutated human HCCs, and in human HCC with nuclear localisation of β-catenin. uc.158- was increased in TAA rat CCA and reduced after treatment with Wnt/β-catenin inhibitors. uc.158- expression was negative in human normal liver and biliary epithelia, while it was increased in human CCA in two different cohorts. Locked nucleic acid-mediated inhibition of uc.158- reduced anchorage cell growth, 3D-spheroid formation and spheroid-based cell migration, and increased apoptosis in HepG2 and SW1 cells. miR-193b was predicted to have binding sites within the uc.158- sequence. Modulation of uc.158- changed miR-193b expression in human malignant hepatocytes. Co-transfection of uc.158- inhibitor and anti-miR-193b rescued the effect of uc.158- inhibition on cell viability. CONCLUSIONS We showed that uc.158- is activated by the Wnt pathway in liver cancers and drives their growth. Thus, it may represent a promising target for the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luke Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rachel Guest
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Luca Quagliata
- Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Rachel Ridgway
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tam Jamieson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Dimitris Athineos
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Angelo Veronese
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rosa Visone
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Murgia
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - Martin MacLeod
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gui Ji Feng
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Trevor Dale
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Stuart J Forbes
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Luigi Terracciano
- Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- ARC-NET Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Valeri
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London and Surrey, UK
| | | | - Owen Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chiara Braconi
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London and Surrey, UK
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Li M, Yang Y, Kuang Y, Gan X, Zeng W, Liu Y, Guan H. miR-365 induces hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis through targeting Bcl-2. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2279-2285. [PMID: 28565839 PMCID: PMC5443224 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently ranked as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. microRNAs (miRs) serve important roles in the development and progression of HCC. miR-365 has been demonstrated to function as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer, including HCC; however, the mechanisms by which miR-365 regulates HCC apoptosis remains to be elucidated. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine miR-365 expression levels in HCC and normal liver (LO2) cells. miR-365 overexpression was induced in SMC7721 cells using a plasmid-based system, and Cell Counting Kit-8 and TUNEL assays were performed to detect cell activity and apoptosis following miR-365 transfection. A luciferase assay was performed to determine the direct target of miR-365 in apoptosis regulation. Furthermore, a subcutaneously transplanted tumor model was established to evaluate the effects of miR-365 on tumor growth in vivo. The tumor tissue was used for further proliferation and apoptosis detection. The results of the present study indicated that miR-365 expression was significantly lower in HCC cells compared with LO2 cells (P<0.01). Transfection of SMC7721 cells with miR-365 plasmid significantly inhibited cell activity by inducing apoptosis (P<0.01). Luciferase assay indicated that miR-365 targets B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) directly and therefore induces the downstream expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. The SMC7721 primary tumor growth was significantly reduced by miR-365 transfection (P<0.01). Further investigation demonstrated that the miR-365 group contained significantly fewer cells that were positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (P<0.01) and significantly more apoptotic cells (P<0.01). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that miR-365 may serve a role in inducing HCC apoptosis via directly targeting Bcl-2. This may provide a novel diagnosis and therapy target for the treatment of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yu Kuang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xianfeng Gan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Hua Guan or Dr Yuping Liu, Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 32 West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Hua Guan
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Hua Guan or Dr Yuping Liu, Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 32 West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
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Zhang H, Zhou D, Ying M, Chen M, Chen P, Chen Z, Zhang F. Expression of Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 (SNHG1) Exacerbates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Suppressing miR-195. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:4820-4829. [PMID: 27932778 PMCID: PMC5167104 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of lncRNA has been suggested to have an association with tumorigenesis. Our study was designed to reveal the underlying connection between lncRNA SNHG1 and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. Material/Methods A total of 122 pairs of HCC tissues (case group) and matched adjacent non-tumor liver tissues (control group) were collected for this study. RT-PCR and in situ hybridization were conducted to investigate differences in lncRNA SNHG1 expression between the case and control group. The expression levels of lncRNA SNHG1 and miR-195 in HepG2 cells transfected with SNHG1-mimic and SNHG1-inhibitor were measured by RT-PCR. The proliferation, invasion, and migration status of HepG2 cells after transfection were assessed through MTT assay, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay, respectively. Whether miR-195 is a direct downstream target of lncRNA SNHG1 was verified by both bioinformatics target gene prediction and dual-luciferase report assay. Results The expression level of lncRNA SNHG1 was remarkably upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines compared with normal tissues and cell lines. High expression of lncRNA SNHG1 contributed to the downregulation of miR-195 in HepG2 cells. Also, lncRNA SNHG1 exacerbated HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro through the inhibition of miR-195. This suggests that miR-195 is a direct downstream target of lncRNA SNHG1. Conclusions lncRNA SNHG1 may contribute to the aggravation of HCC through the inhibition of miR-195.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Mingang Ying
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Minyong Chen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Zhaoshuo Chen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China (mainland)
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Levrero M, Zucman-Rossi J. Mechanisms of HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2016; 64:S84-S101. [PMID: 27084040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 609] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development through direct and indirect mechanisms. HBV DNA integration into the host genome occurs at early steps of clonal tumor expansion and induces both genomic instability and direct insertional mutagenesis of diverse cancer-related genes. Prolonged expression of the viral regulatory protein HBx and/or altered versions of the preS/S envelope proteins dysregulates cell transcription and proliferation control and sensitizes liver cells to carcinogenic factors. Accumulation of preS1 large envelope proteins and/or preS2/S mutant proteins activates the unfold proteins response, that can contribute to hepatocyte transformation. Epigenetic changes targeting the expression of tumor suppressor genes occur early in the development of HCC. A major role is played by the HBV protein, HBx, which is recruited on cellular chromatin and modulates chromatin dynamics at specific gene loci. Compared with tumors associated with other risk factors, HBV-related tumors have a higher rate of chromosomal alterations, p53 inactivation by mutations and overexpression of fetal liver/hepatic progenitor cells genes. The WNT/β-catenin pathway is also often activated but HBV-related tumors display a low rate of activating β-catenin mutations. HBV-related HCCs may arise on non-cirrhotic livers, further supporting the notion that HBV plays a direct role in liver transformation by triggering both common and etiology specific oncogenic pathways in addition to stimulating the host immune response and driving liver chronic necro-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Levrero
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL) - INSERM U1052, Lyon, France; IIT Centre for Life Nanoscience (CLNS), Rome, Italy; Dept of Internal Medicine (DMISM), Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm, UMR-1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé, Médecine, Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France; Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
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