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Abdulaziz A, Vikraman HK, Raj D, Menon N, George G, Soman R, Mony DP, Mary A, Krishna K, Raju GKT, Kuttan SP, Tharakan B, Chekidhenkuzhiyil J, Platt T, Sathyendranath S. Distribution and antibiotic resistance of vibrio population in an urbanized tropical lake-the Vembanad-in the southwest coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:116066-116077. [PMID: 37906329 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30565-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Among the diverse Vibrio spp. autochthonous to coastal ecosystems, V. cholerae, V. fluvialis, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus are pathogenic to humans. Increasing sea-surface temperature, sea-level rise and water-related disasters associated with climate change have been shown to influence the proliferation of these bacteria and change their geographic distribution. We investigated the spatio-temporal distribution of Vibrio spp. in a tropical lake for 1 year at a 20-day interval. The abundance of Vibrio spp. was much higher during the south-west monsoon in 2018, when the lake experienced a once-in-a-century flood. The distribution of Vibrio spp. was influenced by salinity (r = 0.3, p < 0.001), phosphate (r = 0.18, p < 0.01) and nitrite (r = 0.16, p < 0.02) in the water. We isolated 470 colonies of Vibrio-like organisms and 341 could be revived further and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Functional annotations showed that all the 16 Vibrio spp. found in the lake could grow in association with animals. More than 60% of the isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index greater than 0.5. All isolates were resistant to erythromycin and cefepime. The proliferation of multiple antibiotic-resistant Vibrio spp. is a threat to human health. Our observations suggest that the presence of a diverse range of Vibrio spp. is favoured by the low-saline conditions brought about by heavy precipitation. Furthermore, infections caused by contact with Vibrio-contaminated waters may be difficult to cure due to their multiple antibiotic resistances. Therefore, continuous monitoring of bacterial pollution in the lakes is essential, as is the generation of risk maps of vibrio-infested waters to avoid public contact with contaminated waters and associated disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Abdulaziz
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kochi, 682018, India.
| | | | - Devika Raj
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kochi, 682018, India
| | - Nandini Menon
- Nansen Environmental Research Centre India, KUFOS Amenity Centre, Kochi, 682506, India
- Trevor Platt Science Foundation, Kochi, 682018, India
| | - Grinson George
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, 682018, India
| | - Reshma Soman
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kochi, 682018, India
| | | | - Ann Mary
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kochi, 682018, India
| | - Kiran Krishna
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kochi, 682018, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | | | | | - Balu Tharakan
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kochi, 682018, India
| | - Jasmin Chekidhenkuzhiyil
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Regional Centre Kochi, Kochi, 682018, India
- Trevor Platt Science Foundation, Kochi, 682018, India
| | - Trevor Platt
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, Devon, UK
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Pourmozaffar S, Tamadoni Jahromi S, Gozari M, Rameshi H, Gozari M, Pazir MK, Sarvi B, Abolfathi M, Nahavandi R. The first reporting of prevalence Vibrio species and expression of HSP genes in rayed pearl oyster (Pinctada radiata) under thermal conditions. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 139:108907. [PMID: 37348687 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the influence of thermal exposure on Vibrio population and HSP genes expression (HSP 90, HSP70, and HSP20) in rayed pearl oyster (P. radiata). To this end, the oysters were reared for 30 days at temperatures of 22 °C (control), 25 °C, 27 °C, and 29 °C. The results showed that five dominate Vibrio strains including Vibrio hepatarius, V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. rotiferianus were identified. The highest population of V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, and V. harveyi, was found in 29οC group. According to real-time PCR, mantle exhibited the highest expression levels of HSP20, HSP70, and HSP90 genes. A higher level of HSP20 expression was observed at high temperatures (25 °C, 27 °C, and 29 °C) in the gonad and mantle compared to the control group (22 °C) while decrease in HSP90 expression level was recorded in 25 °C, 27 °C, and 29 °C groups. HSP20 expression level in adductor muscle was remarkably down-regulated in 27 °C and 29 °C groups. In this tissue, HSP70 was detected at highest levels in the 29οC group. In mantle, HSP90 gene expression was lowest at 22 °C water temperature. Several Vibrio strains have been identified from pearl Gulf oyster that haven't been previously reported. The identification of dominant Vibrio species is essential for epidemiological management strategies to control and prevent Vibrio outbreaks in pearl oyster farms. The expression pattern of HSP genes differs in rayed pearl oyster tissues due to differences in their thermal tolerance capability and physiological and biological characteristics. The present study provides useful molecular information for the ecological adaptation of rayed pearl oysters after exposure to different temperature levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Pourmozaffar
- Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-e-Lengeh, Iran.
| | - Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi
- Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohsen Gozari
- Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-Abbas, Iran
| | - Hossein Rameshi
- Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-e-Lengeh, Iran
| | - Majid Gozari
- Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khalil Pazir
- Iran Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran
| | - Behzad Sarvi
- Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-e-Lengeh, Iran
| | - Marzieh Abolfathi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar-Abbas, Iran
| | - Reza Nahavandi
- Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
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Changsen C, Likhitrattanapisal S, Lunha K, Chumpol W, Jiemsup S, Prachumwat A, Kongkasuriyachai D, Ingsriswang S, Chaturongakul S, Lamalee A, Yongkiettrakul S, Buates S. Incidence, genetic diversity, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood in Bangkok and eastern Thailand. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15283. [PMID: 37193031 PMCID: PMC10183165 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emergence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus pandemic strain O3:K6 was first documented in 1996. Since then it has been accounted for large outbreaks of diarrhea globally. In Thailand, prior studies on pandemic and non-pandemic V. parahaemolyticus had mostly been done in the south. The incidence and molecular characterization of pandemic and non-pandemic strains in other parts of Thailand have not been fully characterized. This study examined the incidence of V. parahaemolyticus in seafood samples purchased in Bangkok and collected in eastern Thailand and characterized V. parahaemolyticus isolates. Potential virulence genes, VPaI-7, T3SS2, and biofilm were examined. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and AMR genes (ARGs) were determined. Methods V. parahaemolyticus was isolated from 190 marketed and farmed seafood samples by a culture method and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The incidence of pandemic and non-pandemic V. parahaemolyticus and VPaI-7, T3SS2, and biofilm genes was examined by PCR. AMR profiles were verified by a broth microdilution technique. The presence of ARGs was verified by genome analysis. V. parahaemolyticus characterization was done by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). A phylogenomic tree was built from nucleotide sequences by UBCG2.0 and RAxML softwares. Results All 50 V. parahaemolyticus isolates including 21 pathogenic and 29 non-pathogenic strains from 190 samples had the toxRS/old sequence, indicating non-pandemic strains. All isolates had biofilm genes (VP0950, VP0952, and VP0962). None carried T3SS2 genes (VP1346 and VP1367), while VPaI-7 gene (VP1321) was seen in two isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles obtained from 36 V. parahaemolyticus isolates revealed high frequency of resistance to colistin (100%, 36/36) and ampicillin (83%, 30/36), but susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and piperacillin/tazobactam (100%, 36/36). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was seen in 11 isolates (31%, 11/36). Genome analysis revealed ARGs including blaCARB (100%, 36/36), tet(34) (83%, 30/36), tet(35) (42%, 15/36), qnrC (6%, 2/36), dfrA6 (3%, 1/36), and blaCTX-M-55 (3%, 1/36). Phylogenomic and MLST analyses classified 36 V. parahaemolyticus isolates into 5 clades, with 12 known and 13 novel sequence types (STs), suggesting high genetic variation among the isolates. Conclusions Although none V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from seafood samples purchased in Bangkok and collected in eastern Thailand were pandemic strains, around one third of isolates were MDR V. parahaemolyticus strains. The presence of resistance genes of the first-line antibiotics for V. parahaemolyticus infection raises a major concern for clinical treatment outcome since these resistance genes could be highly expressed under suitable circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chartchai Changsen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somsak Likhitrattanapisal
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kamonwan Lunha
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Wiyada Chumpol
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Surasak Jiemsup
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Anuphap Prachumwat
- AQHT, AAQG, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Bangkok, Thailand
- CENTEX SHRIMP, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Darin Kongkasuriyachai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Ingsriswang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Soraya Chaturongakul
- Molecular Medical Biosciences Cluster, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Aekarin Lamalee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suganya Yongkiettrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sureemas Buates
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Usmani M, Brumfield KD, Magers BM, Huq A, Barciela R, Nguyen TH, Colwell RR, Jutla A. Predictive Intelligence for Cholera in Ukraine? GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2022GH000681. [PMID: 36185317 PMCID: PMC9514009 DOI: 10.1029/2022gh000681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cholera, an ancient waterborne diarrheal disease, remains a threat to public health, especially when climate/weather processes, microbiological parameters, and sociological determinants intersect with population vulnerabilities of loss of access to safe drinking water and sanitation infrastructure. The ongoing war in Ukraine has either damaged or severely crippled civil infrastructure, following which the human population is at risk of health disasters. This editorial highlights a perspective on using predictive intelligence to combat potential (and perhaps impending) cholera outbreaks in various regions of Ukraine. Reliable and judicious use of existing earth observations inspired mathematical algorithms integrating heuristic understanding of microbiological, sociological, and weather parameters have the potential to save or reduce the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moiz Usmani
- GeoHealth and Hydrology LaboratoryDepartment of Environmental Engineering SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Kyle D. Brumfield
- Maryland Pathogen Research InstituteUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
- University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
| | - Bailey M. Magers
- GeoHealth and Hydrology LaboratoryDepartment of Environmental Engineering SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Anwar Huq
- Maryland Pathogen Research InstituteUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
- University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
| | | | - Thanh H. Nguyen
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Rita R. Colwell
- Maryland Pathogen Research InstituteUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
- University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer StudiesUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
| | - Antarpreet Jutla
- GeoHealth and Hydrology LaboratoryDepartment of Environmental Engineering SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
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Igbinosa EO, Beshiru A, Igbinosa IH, Ogofure AG, Uwhuba KE. Prevalence and Characterization of Food-Borne Vibrio parahaemolyticus From African Salad in Southern Nigeria. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:632266. [PMID: 34168622 PMCID: PMC8217614 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.632266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for minimally processed vegetables (African salad) has increased partly due to its inclusion in ready-to-eat foods. Nevertheless, the associated risk of the presence of emergent foodborne pathogens, such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus might be underestimated. The present study was designed to isolate and characterize foodborne V. parahaemolyticus from minimally processed vegetables using culture-based methods and molecular approach. A total of 300 samples were examined from retail outlets between November 2018 and August 2019 from Southern Nigeria. The prevalence of vibrios from the overall samples based on the colonial proliferation of yellow, blue-green and/or green colonies on thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose agar was 74/300 (24.6%). An average of two green or blue-green colonies from respective plates was screened for V. parahaemolyticus using analytical profile index (API) 20 NE. Polymerase chain reaction further confirmed the identity of positive V. parahaemolyticus. The counts of V. parahaemolyticus ranged from 1.5 to 1,000 MPN/g. A total of 63 recovered V. parahaemolyticus were characterized further. The resistance profile of the isolates include ampicillin 57/63 (90.5%), cefotaxime 41/63 (65.1%), ceftazidime 30/63 (47.6%), amikacin 32/63 (50.8%), kanamycin 15/63 (23.8%), and oxytetracycline 16/63 (25.4%). The multiple antibiotic index ranged from 0–0.81. The formation of biofilm by the isolates revealed the following: strong formation 15/63 (23.8%), moderate formation 31/63 (49.2%), weak formation 12/63 (19.1%), and no formation 5/63 (7.9%). A total of 63/63 (100%), 9/63 (14.3%), and 20/63 (31.8%) of the isolates harbored the tox R gene, TDH-related hemolysin (trh) and thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) determinants respectively. The isolates with O2 serogroup were most prevalent via PCR. Isolates that were resistant to tetracycline, kanamycin, and chloramphenicol possessed resistant genes. The presence of multidrug-resistant vibrios in the minimally processed vegetables constitutes a public health risk and thus necessitates continued surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etinosa O Igbinosa
- Applied Microbial Processes and Environmental Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Abeni Beshiru
- Applied Microbial Processes and Environmental Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.,Department of Microbiology, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Western Delta University, Oghara, Nigeria
| | - Isoken H Igbinosa
- Applied Microbial Processes and Environmental Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Abraham G Ogofure
- Applied Microbial Processes and Environmental Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Kate E Uwhuba
- Applied Microbial Processes and Environmental Health Research Group, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.,Department of Microbiology, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Western Delta University, Oghara, Nigeria
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Xie J, Mei H, Jin S, Bu L, Wang X, Wang C, Zhao Q, Ma R, Zhou S. Outbreak of vibriosis associated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain cultured in China. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2021; 144:187-196. [PMID: 34042066 DOI: 10.3354/dao03587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a Gram-negative bacterium was isolated from diseased Scylla paramamosain and tentatively named strain QX17. The bacterial isolate was identified as Vibrio parahaemolyticus based on morphological and biochemical characteristics and molecular identification with the 16S rRNA and HSP60 genes. In the challenge experiment, S. paramamosain injected intramuscularly with the V. parahaemolyticus isolate developed pathological signs similar to the naturally diseased mud crabs. The infection experiment also showed that the median lethal dosage (LD50) for QX17 was 4.79 × 102 CFU g-1 (crab weight). Histopathological analysis of the diseased mud crabs infected with V. parahaemolyticus showed deformation and basement membrane rupture of hepatopancreatic tubules in the hepatopancreas, and disordered and broken muscle fiber in the muscle. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that QX17 was highly sensitive to most of the tested aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and quinolones. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting isolation and antibiotic sensitivities of V. parahaemolyticus from cultured mud crabs. The discovery of V. parahaemolyticus in cultured mud crabs not only adds to the growing list of emerging pathogens in crab aquaculture in China, but also highlights the necessity of developing early detection strategies and appropriate interventions to reduce the damage caused by V. parahaemolyticus in mud crab aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasong Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315832, PR China
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Siddique AB, Moniruzzaman M, Ali S, Dewan MN, Islam MR, Islam MS, Amin MB, Mondal D, Parvez AK, Mahmud ZH. Characterization of Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated From Fish Aquaculture of the Southwest Coastal Area of Bangladesh. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:635539. [PMID: 33763050 PMCID: PMC7982743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.635539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major foodborne pathogen responsible for significant economic losses in aquaculture and a threat to human health. Here, we explored the incidence, virulence potential, and diversity of V. parahaemolyticus isolates from aquaculture farms in Bangladesh. We examined a total of 216 water, sediment, Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia), Labeo rohita (rui), and Penaeus monodon (shrimp) samples from the aquaculture system where 60.2% (130/216) samples were positive for V. parahaemolyticus. Furthermore, we identified 323 V. parahaemolyticus strains from contaminated samples, 17 of which were found positive for trh, a virulence gene. Four isolates out of the 17 obtained were able to accumulate fluid in the rabbit ileal loop assay. The correlation between the contamination of V. parahaemolyticus and environmental factors was determined by Pearson correlation. The temperature and salinity were significantly correlated (positive) with the incidence of V. parahaemolyticus. Most of the pathogenic isolates (94.1%) were found resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin. O8: KUT was the predominant serotype of the potentially pathogenic isolates. ERIC-PCR reveals genetic variation and relatedness among the pathogenic isolates. Therefore, this region-specific study establishes the incidence of potential infection with V. parahaemolyticus from the consumption of tilapia, rui, and shrimp raised in farms in Satkhira, Bangladesh, and the basis for developing strategies to reduce the risk for diseases and economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Baker Siddique
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M Moniruzzaman
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sobur Ali
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nayem Dewan
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rafiqul Islam
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Badrul Amin
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Dinesh Mondal
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Zahid Hayat Mahmud
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Nourabadi N, Nishiguchi MK. pH Adaptation Drives Diverse Phenotypes in a Beneficial Bacterium-Host Mutualism. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.611411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic variation can influence the evolution of specific phenotypes that contribute to the diversity of bacterial strains observed in the natural environment. Environmentally transmitted symbiotic bacteria are particularly vulnerable to abiotic fluctuations, given that they must accommodate the transition between the free-living state and the host's internal environment. This type of life history strategy can strongly influence the success of a symbiont, and whether adapting to changes outside the host will allow a greater capacity to survive in symbiosis with the host partner. One example of how environmental breadth is advantageous to the symbiosis is the beneficial association between Vibrio fischeri and sepiolid squids (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae). Since Vibrio bacteria are environmentally transmitted, they are subject to a wide variety of abiotic variables prior to infecting juvenile squids and must be poised to survive in the host light organ. In order to better understand how a changing abiotic factor (e.g., pH) influences the diversification of symbionts and their eventual symbiotic competence, we used an experimental evolution approach to ascertain how pH adaptation affects symbiont fitness. Results show that low pH adapted Vibrio strains have more efficient colonization rates compared to their ancestral strains. In addition, growth rates had significant differences compared to ancestral strains (pH 6.5–6.8, and 7.2). Bioluminescence production (a marker for symbiont competence) of pH evolved strains also improved at pH 6.5–7.2. Results imply that the evolution and diversification of Vibrio strains adapted to low pH outside the squid improves fitness inside the squid by allowing a higher success rate for host colonization and symbiotic competence.
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Chonsin K, Supha N, Nakajima C, Suzuki Y, Suthienkul O. Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from clinically asymptomatic seafood workers. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 368:6035238. [PMID: 33320939 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) is a major cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in Thailand and other countries due to the consumption of contaminated and undercooked seafood. However, there have been few reports of the molecular epidemiology of VP isolates from asymptomatic seafood handlers. Here, we report the phenotypic and genetic characterization of 61 VP isolates obtained from asymptomatic workers in two seafood-processing plants. We found 24 O:K serotypes, of which O11:KUT, O1:KUT and O3:KUT were the dominant serotypes. Analysis by PCR showed that 12 isolates harbored either tdh or trh genes with the potential to be pathogenic VP strains. The presence of T3SS2α and T3SS2β genes was correlated with the presence of tdh and trh, respectively. Four tdh+ isolates were positive for pandemic marker. In this study, VP isolates were commonly resistant to ampicillin, cephazolin, fosfomycin and novobiocin. Phylogenetic analysis of VP1680 loci in 35 isolates from 17 asymptomatic workers, 6 gastroenteritis patients, 7 environmental samples and 5 genomes from a database showed 22 different alleles. Gene VP1680 was conserved in tdh+ isolates and pandemic strains, while that of trh + isolates was diverse. Asymptomatic workers carrying VP were the most likely source of contamination, which raises concerns over food safety in seafood-processing plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaknokrat Chonsin
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani 84100, Thailand
| | - Neunghatai Supha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chie Nakajima
- Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan.,Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0808, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Division of Bioresources, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan.,Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0808, Japan
| | - Orasa Suthienkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Galanis E, Otterstatter M, Taylor M. Measuring the impact of sea surface temperature on the human incidence of Vibrio sp. infection in British Columbia, Canada, 1992-2017. Environ Health 2020; 19:58. [PMID: 32460848 PMCID: PMC7251872 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vibrio growth in the environment is related to sea surface temperature (SST). The incidence of human Vibrio illness increased sharply in British Columbia (BC) between 2008 and 2015 for unknown reasons, culminating in the largest outbreak of shellfish-associated Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) in Canadian history in 2015. Our objective was to assess the relationship between SST and Vibrio illness in BC, Canada during 1992-2017 and assess the role of SST and other environmental factors in the 2015 Vp outbreak. METHODS Cases of Vibrio infection reported to the BC Centre for Disease Control during 1992-2017 were used. SST data were obtained from NOAA and NASA. We assessed changes in incidence trend of annual Vibrio cases during 1992-2017 using a Poisson regression. We assessed the correlation between annual Vibrio cases and the average annual maximum SST using a Spearman rank-order correlation. We modeled the association between weekly Vp case counts, SST and other environmental factors during 2007-2017 using a Poisson regression. RESULTS There was a significant increase in Vibrio cases between 2008 and 2015 (annual slope = 0.163, P < 0.001). Increased Vibrio incidence was observed in most El Niño years. There was a significant correlation between annual Vibrio cases and maximum SST from 1992 to 2017 (r = 0.46, P = 0.018). Our model captured observed seasonal variation in shellfish-associated Vp in most years, but underestimated the 2015 Vp outbreak. CONCLUSIONS Vibrio incidence has been increasing concurrently with increasing SST in BC during 2008-2015. The 2015 Vp outbreak was not fully explained by climatic factors and may in part have been associated with other factors. Vp subtyping would be useful in the future to understand the combined effects of SST changes and strain emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Galanis
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4R4 Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Michael Otterstatter
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4R4 Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Marsha Taylor
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, 655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4R4 Canada
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Nilsson WB, Paranjpye RN, Hamel OS, Hard C, Strom MS. Vibrio parahaemolyticus risk assessment in the Pacific Northwest: it's not what's in the water. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 95:5369421. [PMID: 30830210 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) is a major cause of illness associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked seafood, primarily oysters. This species is a natural member of the bacterial community in brackish waters and is bioaccumulated by oysters through filter feeding. Only a subset of strains is thought to be pathogenic. Currently known virulence markers include the gene for the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh). In this work we analyzed water and oysters for total Vp and strains encoding tdh from 26 oyster-growing areas of the Puget Sound and Pacific coast of Washington state in 2007 and 2008. In addition, possible plankton-associated Vp were assessed from net tow samples. The density of both total and tdh+ Vp in the water column were considerably higher in 2008 than 2007. However, the concentrations of both total and tdh+ Vp in the oyster tissue was similar for both years. A high proportion of Vp strains in the water column was found to be tdh+ in both 2007 and 2008; however, tdh+ strains were detected at much lower levels in oysters. The data show that analysis of Vp density in the oysters is a better risk assessment tool than density in the overlying water column.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Nilsson
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Rohinee N Paranjpye
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Owen S Hamel
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Clara Hard
- Washington State Department of Health, Office of Environmental Health and Safety, PO Box 47824, Olympia, WA 98504, USA
| | - Mark S Strom
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA
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12
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Meparambu Prabhakaran D, Ramamurthy T, Thomas S. Genetic and virulence characterisation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from Indian coast. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:62. [PMID: 32293257 PMCID: PMC7092547 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND V. parahaemolyticus is autochthonous to the marine environment and causes seafood-borne gastroenteritis in humans. Generally, V. parahaemolyticus recovered from the environment and/or seafood is thought to be non-pathogenic and the relationship between environmental isolates and acute diarrhoeal disease is poorly understood. In this study, we explored the virulence potential of environmental V. parahaemolyticus isolated from water, plankton and assorted seafood samples collected from the Indian coast. RESULTS Twenty-two V. parahaemolyticus isolates from seafood harboured virulence associated genes encoding the thermostable-direct haemolysin (TDH), TDH-related haemolysin (TRH), and Type 3 secretion systems (T3SS) and 95.5% of the toxigenic isolates had pandemic strain attributes (toxRS/new+). Nine serovars, with pandemic strain traits were newly identified and an O4:K36 tdh-trh+V. parahaemolyticus bearing pandemic marker gene was recognised for the first time. Results obtained by reverse transcription PCR showed trh, T3SS1 and T3SS2β to be functional in the seafood isolates. Moreover, the environmental strains were cytotoxic and could invade Caco-2 cells upon infection as well as induce changes to the tight junction protein, ZO-1 and the actin cytoskeleton. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that environmental isolates of V. parahaemolyticus are potentially invasive and capable of eliciting pathogenic characteristics typical of clinical strains and present a potential health risk. We also demonstrate that virulence of this pathogen is highly complex and hence draws attention for the need to investigate more reliable virulence markers in order to distinguish the environmental and clinical isolates, which will be crucial for the pathogenomics and control of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Meparambu Prabhakaran
- Cholera and Biofilm Research Lab, Department of Pathogen Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 014, India
| | - Thandavarayan Ramamurthy
- Centre for Human Microbial Ecology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sabu Thomas
- Cholera and Biofilm Research Lab, Department of Pathogen Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 014, India.
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13
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Beshiru A, Okareh O, Okoh A, Igbinosa E. Detection of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of
Vibrio
strains isolated from ready‐to‐eat shrimps in Delta and Edo States, Nigeria. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:17-36. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Beshiru
- Applied Microbial Processes & Environmental Health Research Group Department of Microbiology Faculty of Life Sciences University of Benin Benin City Nigeria
| | - O.T. Okareh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences Faculty of Public Health College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - A.I. Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre University of Fort Hare Alice South Africa
| | - E.O. Igbinosa
- Applied Microbial Processes & Environmental Health Research Group Department of Microbiology Faculty of Life Sciences University of Benin Benin City Nigeria
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre University of Fort Hare Alice South Africa
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14
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Jeong HW, Kim JA, Jeon SJ, Choi SS, Kim MK, Yi HJ, Cho SJ, Kim IY, Chon JW, Kim DH, Bae D, Kim H, Seo KH. Prevalence, Antibiotic-Resistance, and Virulence Characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Restaurant Fish Tanks in Seoul, South Korea. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 17:209-214. [PMID: 31692375 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine bacterium that causes foodborne diarrhea. Many seafood restaurants keep live fish and shellfish in fish tanks for use in raw seafood dishes; thus, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antibiotic-resistance, and virulence characteristics exhibited by V. parahaemolyticus detected in restaurant fish-tank water samples collected in Seoul, South Korea. Fish-tank water samples were collected from 69 restaurants in Seoul, and screened for the presence of V. parahaemolyticus via both a commercial detection kit, and a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the toxR gene. Antibiotic susceptibility and virulence determinants of V. parahaemolyticus isolates were evaluated and identified using standard disk-diffusion and RT-PCR methods, respectively. Thirty-five (50.7%) of the 69 analyzed water samples were found to be contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus. Those isolates were most often resistant to ampicillin (51.4% of isolates), followed by amikacin and tetracycline (11.4%), and ceftazidime (8.6%). Thirty (85.7%) out of the 35 isolates carried all four cytotoxicity-inducing type III secretion system 1 (T3SS1) genes [specifically, 34 (97.1%), 33 (94.3%), 35 (100%), and 32 (91.4%) isolates carried genes encoding the VP1670, VP1686, VP1689, and VP1694 T3SS1 proteins, respectively]. The type VI secretion systems (T6SS1 and T6SS2) genes were also detected in 11 (31.4%) and 27 (77.1%) isolates, respectively. However, virulence determinants such as the hemolysin (tdh and trh), urease (ureC), T3SS2α, or T3SS2β genes that are known to be associated with enterotoxicity were not detected in all isolates. Although some known major virulence genes were not detected in the V. parahaemolyticus isolates, the results of this study indicate that restaurant fish tanks are a potential source of antibiotic-resistant V. parahaemolyticus. The presented data support the need for strict guidelines to regulate the maintenance of restaurant fish tanks to prevent antibiotic-resistant foodborne vibriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Won Jeong
- KU Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jin-Ah Kim
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Jeon
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seong-Seon Choi
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Min-Kyeong Kim
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Yi
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seok-Ju Cho
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Il-Young Kim
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jung-Whan Chon
- KU Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeon Kim
- KU Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongryeoul Bae
- KU Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunsook Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Seo
- KU Center for One Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Coutinho FH, Thompson CC, Cabral AS, Paranhos R, Dutilh BE, Thompson FL. Modelling the influence of environmental parameters over marine planktonic microbial communities using artificial neural networks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 677:205-214. [PMID: 31059870 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Guanabara Bay is a tropical estuarine ecosystem that receives massive anthropogenic impacts from the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. This ecosystem suffers from an ongoing eutrophication process that has been shown to promote the emergence of potentially pathogenic bacteria, giving rise to public health concerns. Although previous studies have investigated how environmental parameters influence the microbial community of Guanabara Bay, they often have been limited to small spatial and temporal gradients and have not been integrated into predictive mathematical models. Our objective was to fill this knowledge gap by building models that could predict how temperature, salinity, phosphorus, nitrogen and transparency work together to regulate the abundance of bacteria, chlorophyll and Vibrio (a potential human pathogen) in Guanabara Bay. To that end, we built artificial neural networks to model the associations between these variables. These networks were carefully validated to ensure that they could provide accurate predictions without biases or overfitting. The estimated models displayed high predictive capacity (Pearson correlation coefficients ≥0.67 and root mean square error ≤ 0.55). Our findings showed that temperature and salinity were often the most important factors regulating the abundance of bacteria, chlorophyll and Vibrio (absolute importance ≥5) and that each of these has a unique level of dependence on nitrogen and phosphorus for their growth. These models allowed us to estimate the Guanabara Bay microbiome's response to changes in environmental conditions, which allowed us to propose strategies for the management and remediation of Guanabara Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Coutinho
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia (IB), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics (CMBI), Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, Theorethical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - C C Thompson
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia (IB), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A S Cabral
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia (IB), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R Paranhos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia (IB), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B E Dutilh
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia (IB), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics (CMBI), Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, Theorethical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - F L Thompson
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Biologia (IB), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, SAGE, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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16
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Rapid subtyping of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with chemometric analysis. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 155:70-77. [PMID: 30414402 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus which naturally inhabits marine and estuarine environment represents pathogenic strains (virulence genes tdh or trh positive) and non-pathogenic strains (virulence genes negative). In this study, a rapid method for subtyping pathogenic and non-pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus was established using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with chemometric analysis. This method targeted three strains of genotypes of V. parahaemolyticus including tdh positive, trh positive and virulence gene-negative (nonpathogenic) V. parahaemolyticus. The FTIR absorption spectra between 1800 and 900 cm-1 highlighted the most distinctive variations and were the most useful for characterizing the three bacteria. The successful differentiation and identification of the three bacteria could be accomplished in less than 1 h by FTIR using principal component analysis (PCA), or another cluster model of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The method was verified by analyzing spiked V. parahaemolyticus fish samples. Furthermore, all of ten clinical isolates of V. parahaemolyticus were identified as tdh-positive, none of the clinical isolates were trh-positive, and all of ten environmental isolates were identified as non-pathogenic by the subtyping method, which were confirmed by PCR assays. All data demonstrated that the newly established subtyping method by FTIR is practical, time-saving, labor-saving, specific and cost-effective, especially suitable for the basic laboratories of CDC and port quarantine departments to perform suiveillance and epidemiological traceability of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus.
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17
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Genome Sequence of a Canadian Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolate with Unique Mobilizing Capacity. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2018; 6:6/24/e00520-18. [PMID: 29903822 PMCID: PMC6003736 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00520-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a clinically significant marine bacterium implicated in gastroenteritis among consumers of raw or undercooked seafood. This report presents the whole-genome sequence of a unique strain of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from oysters harvested in Canada.
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18
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Obaidat MM, Salman AEB, Roess AA. Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates from Seafood from Three Developing Countries and of Worldwide Environmental, Seafood, and Clinical Isolates from 2000 to 2017. J Food Prot 2017; 80:2060-2067. [PMID: 29154715 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of seafood-associated illness. This study investigated the prevalence, virulence, and antibiotic resistance of V. parahaemolyticus in three low- and middle-income countries. Freshly caught fish samples (n = 330) imported to Jordan from Yemen, India, and Egypt were tested. The overall prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus was 15% (95% confidence interval: 11 to 19%). Three isolates (6%) were positive for the thermostable direct hemolysin-related (trh) gene, and all isolates was negative for the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) gene. All isolates were resistant to colistin sulfate, neomycin, and kanamycin, and 51 and 43% of isolates were resistant to tetracycline and ampicillin, respectively. Only 4% of the isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and chloramphenicol, and no isolates were resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, streptomycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and nalidixic acid. All isolates were resistant to two classes of antibiotics, and 86% were multidrug resistant (resistant to at least one drug in three or more classes of antibiotics). A literature review of clinical, seafood, and environmental V. parahaemolyticus isolates worldwide revealed high rates of gentamicin and ampicillin resistance, emerging resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, and limited resistance to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and chloramphenicol. Thus, last-resort antibiotics could be ineffective for treating V. parahaemolyticus infections. Several global reports also documented illness outbreaks in humans caused by trh- and tdh-negative V. parahaemolyticus strains. More research is needed to determine whether the presence of these genes is sufficient to classify the strains as virulent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Obaidat
- 1 Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan 22110; and
| | - Alaa E Bani Salman
- 1 Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan 22110; and
| | - Amira A Roess
- 2 Department of Global Health, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
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19
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Comparison of Different Methods to Identify tdh-Positive Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates. Curr Microbiol 2017; 75:1-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Muhling BA, Jacobs J, Stock CA, Gaitan CF, Saba VS. Projections of the future occurrence, distribution, and seasonality of three Vibrio species in the Chesapeake Bay under a high-emission climate change scenario. GEOHEALTH 2017; 1:278-296. [PMID: 32158993 PMCID: PMC7007099 DOI: 10.1002/2017gh000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Illness caused by pathogenic strains of Vibrio bacteria incurs significant economic and health care costs in many areas around the world. In the Chesapeake Bay, the two most problematic species are V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus, which cause infection both from exposure to contaminated water and consumption of contaminated seafood. We used existing Vibrio habitat models, four global climate models, and a recently developed statistical downscaling framework to project the spatiotemporal probability of occurrence of V. vulnificus and V. cholerae in the estuarine environment, and the mean concentration of V. parahaemolyticus in oysters in the Chesapeake Bay by the end of the 21st century. Results showed substantial future increases in season length and spatial habitat for V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus, while projected increase in V. cholerae habitat was less marked and more spatially heterogeneous. Our findings underscore the need for spatially variable inputs into models of climate impacts on Vibrios in estuarine environments. Overall, economic costs associated with Vibrios in the Chesapeake Bay, such as incidence of illness and management measures on the shellfish industry, may increase under climate change, with implications for recreational and commercial uses of the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A. Muhling
- Princeton University Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics LaboratoryPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
- Now at Cooperative Institute for Marine Ecosystems and ClimateUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA
| | - John Jacobs
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Cooperative Oxford LabOxfordMarylandUSA
| | - Charles A. Stock
- NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics LaboratoryPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
| | | | - Vincent S. Saba
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics LaboratoryPrinceton University Forrestal CampusPrincetonNew JerseyUSA
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21
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Konrad S, Paduraru P, Romero-Barrios P, Henderson SB, Galanis E. Remote sensing measurements of sea surface temperature as an indicator of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in oyster meat and human illnesses. Environ Health 2017; 16:92. [PMID: 28859689 PMCID: PMC5580290 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) is a naturally occurring bacterium found in marine environments worldwide. It can cause gastrointestinal illness in humans, primarily through raw oyster consumption. Water temperatures, and potentially other environmental factors, play an important role in the growth and proliferation of Vp in the environment. Quantifying the relationships between environmental variables and indicators or incidence of Vp illness is valuable for public health surveillance to inform and enable suitable preventative measures. This study aimed to assess the relationship between environmental parameters and Vp in British Columbia (BC), Canada. METHODS The study used Vp counts in oyster meat from 2002-2015 and laboratory confirmed Vp illnesses from 2011-2015 for the province of BC. The data were matched to environmental parameters from publicly available sources, including remote sensing measurements of nighttime sea surface temperature (SST) obtained from satellite readings at a spatial resolution of 1 km. Using three separate models, this paper assessed the relationship between (1) daily SST and Vp counts in oyster meat, (2) weekly mean Vp counts in oysters and weekly Vp illnesses, and (3) weekly mean SST and weekly Vp illnesses. The effects of salinity and chlorophyll a were also evaluated. Linear regression was used to quantify the relationship between SST and Vp, and piecewise regression was used to identify SST thresholds of concern. RESULTS A total of 2327 oyster samples and 293 laboratory confirmed illnesses were included. In model 1, both SST and salinity were significant predictors of log(Vp) counts in oyster meat. In model 2, the mean log(Vp) count in oyster meat was a significant predictor of Vp illnesses. In model 3, weekly mean SST was a significant predictor of weekly Vp illnesses. The piecewise regression models identified a SST threshold of approximately 14oC for both model 1 and 3, indicating increased risk of Vp in oyster meat and Vp illnesses at higher temperatures. CONCLUSION Monitoring of SST, particularly through readily accessible remote sensing data, could serve as a warning signal for Vp and help inform the introduction and cessation of preventative or control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Konrad
- Canadian Field Epidemiology Program, Public Health Agency of Canada, 130 Colonnade Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9 Canada
- BC Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12 Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4R4 Canada
| | - Peggy Paduraru
- BC Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12 Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4R4 Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Pablo Romero-Barrios
- BC Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12 Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4R4 Canada
| | - Sarah B. Henderson
- BC Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12 Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4R4 Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Eleni Galanis
- BC Centre for Disease Control, 655 West 12 Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4R4 Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3 Canada
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22
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Hu Q, Chen L. Virulence and Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from Crustaceans and Shellfish in Shanghai, China. J Food Prot 2016; 79:1371-7. [PMID: 27497124 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus can cause serious human seafoodborne gastroenteritis and even death. In this study, we isolated and characterized 208 V. parahaemolyticus strains from 10 species of commonly consumed crustaceans and shellfish available in fish markets in Shanghai, People's Republic of China, in 2014. Most of these aquatic species had not been detected previously. The results revealed an extremely low occurrence of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus carrying the toxin gene trh (1.9%). However, a high level of resistance to the antibiotics ampicillin (94.2%), rifampin (93.3%), and streptomycin (77.9%) was found. Approximately 74.5% of the isolates had multidrug-resistant phenotypes. Tolerance to the heavy metals Cu(2+), Pb(2+), and Cd(2+) was detected in the majority of antibiotic resistant isolates. The resistance patterns differed depending on the tested samples. The crustaceans Penaeus monodon and Marsupenaeus japonicus harbored more antibiotic-resistant bacteria, whereas the isolates from the crustacean Litopenaeus vannamei and the shellfish Busycon canaliculatus had high tolerance to eight heavy metals tested. In contrast to the wide distribution of multidrug resistance and tolerance to heavy metals, lower percentages of plasmid DNA (22.6%) and SXT/R391-like integrative and conjugative elements (4.8%) were detected in the isolates, suggesting that V. parahaemolyticus in these aquatic species may have adopted some other molecular mechanisms that mediated the high prevalence of resistance determinants. The results of this study support the need for food safety risk assessment of aquatic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongxia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China.
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He Y, Jin L, Sun F, Hu Q, Chen L. Antibiotic and heavy-metal resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from fresh shrimps in Shanghai fish markets, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15033-40. [PMID: 27083906 PMCID: PMC4956696 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a causative agent of human serious seafood-borne gastroenteritis disease and even death. Shrimps, often eaten raw or undercooked, are an important reservoir of the bacterium. In this study, we isolated and characterized a total of 400 V. parahaemolyticus strains from commonly consumed fresh shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Penaeus monodon, and Exopalaemon carinicauda) in Shanghai fish markets, China in 2013-2014. The results revealed an extremely low occurrence of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus carrying two major toxic genes (tdh and trh, 0.0 and 0.5 %). However, high incidences of antibiotic resistance were observed among the strains against ampicillin (99 %), streptomycin (45.25 %), rifampicin (38.25 %), and spectinomycin (25.50 %). Approximately 24 % of the strains derived from the P. monodon sample displayed multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes, followed by 19, 12, and 6 % from the E. carinicauda, L. vannamei, and M. rosenbergii samples, respectively. Moreover, tolerance to heavy metals of Cr(3+) and Zn(2+) was observed in 90 antibiotic resistant strains, the majority of which also displayed resistance to Cu(2+) (93.3 %), Pb(2+) (87.8 %), and Cd(2+)(73.3 %). The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)-based genotyping of these strains revealed a total of 71 distinct pulsotypes, demonstrating a large degree of genomic variation among the isolates. The wide distribution of MDR and heavy-metal resistance isolates in the PFGE clusters suggested the co-existence of a number of resistant determinants in V. parahaemolyticus population in the detected samples. This study provided data in support of aquatic animal health management and food safety risk assessment in aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Fengjiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Qiongxia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, Peoples' Republic of China
| | - Lanming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, Peoples' Republic of China.
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Terzi Gulel G, Martinez-Urtaza J. Molecular characterizations of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
in seafood from the Black Sea, Turkey. Lett Appl Microbiol 2016; 62:494-500. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Terzi Gulel
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - J. Martinez-Urtaza
- The Milner Center for Evolution; Department of Biology and Biochemistry; University of Bath; Bath UK
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Letchumanan V, Pusparajah P, Tan LTH, Yin WF, Lee LH, Chan KG. Occurrence and Antibiotic Resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Shellfish in Selangor, Malaysia. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1417. [PMID: 26697003 PMCID: PMC4678184 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High consumer demand for shellfish has led to the need for large-scale, reliable shellfish supply through aquaculture or shellfish farming. However, bacterial infections which can spread rapidly among shellfish poses a major threat to this industry. Shellfish farmers therefore often resort to extensive use of antibiotics, both prophylactically and therapeutically, in order to protect their stocks. The extensive use of antibiotics in aquaculture has been postulated to represent a major contributing factor in the rising incidence of antimicrobial resistant pathogenic bacteria in shellfish. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus and determine the antibiotic resistance profile as well as to perform plasmid curing in order to determine the antibiotic resistance mediation. Based on colony morphology, all 450 samples tested were positive for Vibrio sp; however, tox-R assay showed that only 44.4% (200/450) of these were V. parahaemolyticus. Out of these 200 samples, 6.5% (13/200) were trh-positive while none were tdh-positive. Antibiotic resistance was determined for all V. parahaemolyticus identified against 14 commonly used antibiotics and the multiple antibiotic resistance index (MAR) was calculated. The isolates demonstrated high resistance to several antibiotics tested- including second and third-line antibiotics- with 88% resistant to ampicillin, 81% to amikacin,70.5% to kanamycin, 73% to cefotaxime, and 51.5% to ceftazidime. The MAR index ranged from 0.00 to 0.79 with the majority of samples having an index of 0.36 (resistant to five antibiotics). Among the 13 trh-positive strains, almost 70% (9/13) demonstrated resistance to 4 or more antibiotics. Plasmid profiling for all V. parahaemolyticus isolates revealed that 86.5% (173/200) contained plasmids - ranging from 1 to 7 plasmids with DNA band sizes ranging from 1.2 kb to greater than 10 kb. 6/13 of the pathogenic V. pathogenic strains contained plasmid. After plasmid curing, the plasmid containing pathogenic strains isolated in our study have chromosomally mediated ampicillin resistance while the remaining resistance phenotypes are plasmid mediated. Overall, our results indicate that while the incidence of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in shellfish in Selangor still appears to be at relatively reassuring levels, antibiotic resistance is a real concern and warrants ongoing surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengadesh Letchumanan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Priyia Pusparajah
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Fong Yin
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kokashvili T, Whitehouse CA, Tskhvediani A, Grim CJ, Elbakidze T, Mitaishvili N, Janelidze N, Jaiani E, Haley BJ, Lashkhi N, Huq A, Colwell RR, Tediashvili M. Occurrence and Diversity of Clinically Important Vibrio Species in the Aquatic Environment of Georgia. Front Public Health 2015; 3:232. [PMID: 26528464 PMCID: PMC4603242 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2015.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the more than 70 different Vibrio species inhabiting marine, estuarine, and freshwater ecosystems, 12 are recognized as human pathogens. The warm subtropical climate of the Black Sea coastal area and inland regions of Georgia likely provides a favorable environment for various Vibrio species. From 2006 to 2009, the abundance, ecology, and diversity of clinically important Vibrio species were studied in different locations in Georgia and across seasons. Over a 33-month period, 1,595 presumptive Vibrio isolates were collected from the Black Sea (n = 657) and freshwater lakes around Tbilisi (n = 938). Screening of a subset of 440 concentrated and enriched water samples by PCR-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (PCR-ESI/MS) detected the presence of DNA from eight clinically important Vibrio species: V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. mimicus, V. alginolyticus, V. harveyi, V. metschnikovii, and V. cincinnatiensis. Almost 90% of PCR/ESI-MS samples positive for Vibrio species were collected from June through November. Three important human-pathogenic Vibrio species (V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus) were detected in 62.8, 37.8, and 21.4% of samples testing positive for Vibrios, respectively. The results of these activities suggest that natural reservoirs for human-pathogenic Vibrios exist in Georgian aquatic environments. Water temperature at all sampling sites was positively correlated with the abundance of clinically important Vibrio spp. (except V. metschnikovii), and salinity was correlated with species composition at particular Black Sea sites as well as inland reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Kokashvili
- G. Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology, and Virology , Tbilisi , Georgia
| | - Chris A Whitehouse
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) , Fort Detrick, MD , USA
| | - Ana Tskhvediani
- G. Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology, and Virology , Tbilisi , Georgia
| | - Christopher J Grim
- Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, MD , USA ; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, MD , USA
| | - Tinatin Elbakidze
- G. Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology, and Virology , Tbilisi , Georgia
| | - Nino Mitaishvili
- G. Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology, and Virology , Tbilisi , Georgia
| | - Nino Janelidze
- G. Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology, and Virology , Tbilisi , Georgia
| | - Ekaterine Jaiani
- G. Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology, and Virology , Tbilisi , Georgia
| | - Bradd J Haley
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, MD , USA
| | - Nino Lashkhi
- G. Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology, and Virology , Tbilisi , Georgia
| | - Anwar Huq
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, MD , USA
| | - Rita R Colwell
- Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, MD , USA ; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland College Park , College Park, MD , USA
| | - Marina Tediashvili
- G. Eliava Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology, and Virology , Tbilisi , Georgia
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27
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Yingkajorn M, Sermwittayawong N, Khamhaeng N, Nishibuchi M, Vuddhakul V. Quantitative Analysis of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic V
ibrio parahaemolyticus
in Shrimp Derived from Industrial Processing. J Food Saf 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingkwan Yingkajorn
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine; Prince of Songkla University; Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand
| | - Nutthawan Sermwittayawong
- Food Safety and Health Research Unit; Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Science; Prince of Songkla University; Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand
| | - Natchaya Khamhaeng
- Food Safety and Health Research Unit; Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Science; Prince of Songkla University; Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand
| | | | - Varaporn Vuddhakul
- Food Safety and Health Research Unit; Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Science; Prince of Songkla University; Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand
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Lopez-Joven C, de Blas I, Furones MD, Roque A. Prevalences of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in mollusks from the Spanish Mediterranean Coast. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:736. [PMID: 26284033 PMCID: PMC4523031 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a well-recognized pathogen of humans. To better understand the ecology of the human-pathogenic variants of this bacterium in the environment, a study on the prevalence in bivalves of pathogenic variants (tlh+ and tdh+ and/or trh+) versus a non-pathogenic one (only tlh+ as species marker for V. parahaemolyticus), was performed in two bays in Catalonia, Spain. Environmental factors that might affect dynamics of both variants of V. parahaemolyticus were taken into account. The results showed that the global prevalence of total V. parahaemolyticus found in both bays was 14.2% (207/1459). It was, however, significantly dependent on sampling point, campaign (year) and bivalve species. Pathogenic variants of V. parahaemolyticus (tdh+ and/or trh+) were detected in 3.8% of the samples (56/1459), meaning that the proportion of bivalves who contained tlh gene were contaminated by pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus strains is 27.1% (56/207). Moreover, the presence of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus (trh+) was significantly correlated with water salinity, thus the probability of finding pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus decreased 1.45 times with every salinity unit (ppt) increased. Additionally, data showed that V. parahaemolyticus could establish close associations with Ruditapes spp. (P-value < 0.001), which could enhance the transmission of illness to human by pathogenic variants, when clams were eaten raw or slightly cooked. This study provides information on the abundance, ecology and characteristics of total and human-pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus variants associated with bivalves cultured in the Spanish Mediterranean Coast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio de Blas
- Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Ana Roque
- IRTA-SCR Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
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29
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He Y, Wang H, Chen L. Comparative secretomics reveals novel virulence-associated factors of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:707. [PMID: 26236293 PMCID: PMC4505105 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a causative agent of serious human seafood-borne gastroenteritis disease and even death. In this study, for the first time, we obtained the secretomic profiles of seven V. parahaemolyticus strains of clinical and food origins. The strains exhibited various toxic genotypes and phenotypes of antimicrobial susceptibility and heavy metal resistance, five of which were isolated from aquatic products in Shanghai, China. Fourteen common extracellular proteins were identified from the distinct secretomic profiles using the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques. Of these, half were involved in protein synthesis and sugar transport of V. parahaemolyticus. Strikingly, six identified proteins were virulence-associated factors involved in the pathogenicity of some other pathogenic bacteria, including the translation elongation factor EF-Tu, pyridoxine 5′-phosphate synthase, σ54 modulation protein, dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, transaldolase and phosphoglycerate kinase. In addition, comparative secretomics also revealed several extracellular proteins that have not been described in any bacteria, such as the ribosome-recycling factor, translation elongation factor EF-Ts, phosphocarrier protein HPr and maltose-binding protein MalE. The results in this study will facilitate the better understanding of the pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus and provide data in support of novel vaccine candidates against the leading seafood-borne pathogen worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lanming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), China Ministry of Agriculture, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai, China
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30
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Esteves K, Mosser T, Aujoulat F, Hervio-Heath D, Monfort P, Jumas-Bilak E. Highly diverse recombining populations of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in French Mediterranean coastal lagoons. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:708. [PMID: 26236294 PMCID: PMC4503927 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae are ubiquitous to estuarine and marine environments. These two species found in Mediterranean coastal systems can induce infections in humans. Environmental isolates of V. cholerae (n = 109) and V. parahaemolyticus (n = 89) sampled at different dates, stations and water salinities were investigated for virulence genes and by a multilocus sequence-based analysis (MLSA). V. cholerae isolates were all ctxA negative and only one isolate of V. parahaemolyticus displayed trh2 gene. Most Sequence Types (ST) corresponded to unique ST isolated at one date or one station. Frequent recombination events were detected among different pathogenic species, V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, Vibrio mimicus, and Vibrio metoecus. Recombination had a major impact on the diversification of lineages. The genetic diversity assessed by the number of ST/strain was higher in low salinity condition for V. parahaemolyticus and V. cholerae whereas the frequency of recombination events in V. cholerae was lower in low salinity condition. Mediterranean coastal lagoon systems housed V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus with genetic diversities equivalent to the worldwide diversity described so far. The presence of STs found in human infections as well as the frequency of recombination events in environmental vibrios populations could predict a potential epidemiological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Esteves
- Team "Pathogènes Hydriques Santé, Environnements", HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, Centre National de la Recherche, IRD, Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Mosser
- Team "Pathogènes Hydriques Santé, Environnements", HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, Centre National de la Recherche, IRD, Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France
| | - Fabien Aujoulat
- Team "Pathogènes Hydriques Santé, Environnements", HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, Centre National de la Recherche, IRD, Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France
| | | | - Patrick Monfort
- Team "Pathogènes Hydriques Santé, Environnements", HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, Centre National de la Recherche, IRD, Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France
| | - Estelle Jumas-Bilak
- Team "Pathogènes Hydriques Santé, Environnements", HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, Centre National de la Recherche, IRD, Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France ; Département d'Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, France
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Zavala-Norzagaray AA, Aguirre AA, Velazquez-Roman J, Flores-Villaseñor H, León-Sicairos N, Ley-Quiñonez CP, Hernández-Díaz LDJ, Canizalez-Roman A. Isolation, characterization, and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio spp. in sea turtles from Northwestern Mexico. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:635. [PMID: 26161078 PMCID: PMC4480150 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aerobic oral and cloacal bacterial microbiota and their antimicrobial resistance were characterized for 64 apparently healthy sea turtles captured at their foraging grounds in Ojo de Liebre Lagoon (OLL), Baja California Sur (BCS), Mexico (Pacific Ocean) and the lagoon system of Navachiste (LSN) and Marine Area of Influence (MAI), Guasave, Sinaloa (Gulf of California). A total of 34 black turtles (Chelonia mydas agassizii) were sampled in OLL and eight black turtles and 22 olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were sampled in LSN and MAI, respectively from January to December 2012. We isolated 13 different species of Gram-negative bacteria. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Vibrio alginolyticus in 39/64 (60%), V. parahaemolyticus in 17/64 (26%), and V. cholerae in 6/64 (9%). However, V. cholerae was isolated only from turtles captured from the Gulf of California (MAI). Among V. parahaemolyticus strains, six O serogroups and eight serovars were identified from which 5/17 (29.4%) belonged to the pathogenic strains (tdh+ gene) and 2/17 (11.7%) had the pandemic clone (tdh+ and toxRS/new+). Among V. cholerae strains, all were identified as non-O1/non-O139, and in 4/6 (66%) the accessory cholera enterotoxin gene (ace) was identified but without virulence gene zot, ctxA, and ctxB. Of the isolated V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, and V. alginolyticus strains, 94.1, 33.4, and 100% demonstrated resistance to at least one commonly prescribed antibiotic (primarily to ampicillin), respectively. In conclusion, the presence of several potential (toxigenic) human pathogens in sea turtles may represent transmission of environmental microbes and a high-risk of food-borne disease. Therefore, based on the fact that it is illegal and unhealthy, we discourage the consumption of sea turtle meat or eggs in northwestern Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan A Zavala-Norzagaray
- Programa Regional Para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Biológicas, Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa Culiacán, México ; Departamento de medio ambiente y desarrollo comunitario, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional - Sinaloa Guasave, Mexico
| | - A Alonso Aguirre
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Jorge Velazquez-Roman
- Research Unit, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa Culiacán, Mexico
| | | | - Nidia León-Sicairos
- Research Unit, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa Culiacán, Mexico ; Pediatric Hospital of Sinaloa Culiacán, Mexico
| | - C P Ley-Quiñonez
- Departamento de medio ambiente y desarrollo comunitario, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional - Sinaloa Guasave, Mexico
| | - Lucio De Jesús Hernández-Díaz
- Programa Regional Para el Doctorado en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Biológicas, Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa Culiacán, México
| | - Adrian Canizalez-Roman
- Research Unit, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa Culiacán, Mexico ; The Sinaloa State Public Health Laboratory, Secretariat of Health Culiacán, Mexico
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32
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Species diversity, spatial distribution, and virulence associated genes of culturable vibrios in a brackish coastal Mediterranean environment. ANN MICROBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-015-1073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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33
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Letchumanan V, Yin WF, Lee LH, Chan KG. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from retail shrimps in Malaysia. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:33. [PMID: 25688239 PMCID: PMC4311705 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine and estuarine bacterium that has been the leading cause of foodborne outbreaks which leads to a significant threat to human health worldwide. Consumption of seafood contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus causes acute gastroenteritis in individuals. The bacterium poses two main virulence factor including the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) which is a pore-forming protein that contributes to the invasiveness of the bacterium in humans and TDH-related hemolysin (trh), which plays a similar role as tdh in the disease pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance V. parahaemolyticus strains in shrimps purchased from wetmarkets and supermarkets. The toxR-based PCR assay indicated that a total of 57.8% (185/320) isolates were positive for V. parahaemolyticus. Only 10% (19/185) toxR-positive isolate exhibit the trh gene and none of the isolates were tested positive for tdh. The MAR index was measured for 14 common antimicrobial agents. The results indicated 98% of the isolates were highly susceptible to imipenem, ampicillin sulbactam (96%), chloramphenicol (95%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (93%), gentamicin (85%), levofloxacin (83%), and tetracycline (82%). The chloramphenicol (catA2) and kanamycin (aphA-3) resistance genes were detected in the resistant V. parahaemolyticus isolates. Our results demonstrate that shrimps are contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus, some of which carry the trh-gene thus being potential to cause food borne illness. The occurrence of multidrug resistance strains in the environment could be an indication of excessive usage of antibiotics in agriculture and aquaculture fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengadesh Letchumanan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Fong Yin
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ceccarelli D, Colwell RR. Vibrio ecology, pathogenesis, and evolution. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:256. [PMID: 24904566 PMCID: PMC4035559 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ceccarelli
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland College Park, MD, USA
| | - Rita R Colwell
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland College Park, MD, USA ; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
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