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Allahverdi M, Dadmehr M, Sharifmoghadam MR, Bahreini M. Encapsulation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum probiotics through cross-linked chitosan and casein for improving their viability, antioxidant and detoxification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 280:135820. [PMID: 39306184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, encapsulation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L.p) was performed using chitosan and casein through calcium phosphate intercrossing. Chitosan and casein both considered as non-toxic and biocompatible food derived components with intrinsic antioxidant properties. Layer by layer strategy was performed for deposition of modified cross-linked chitosan along with casein as the novel protective layers on the surface of probiotics. After confirmation of successful encapsulation, the viability and antioxidant activity of encapsulated L.p was evaluated. The results showed enhanced survival and antioxidant activity of encapsulated L.p compared to free bacteria in simulated digestive conditions. The survival of free and encapsulated L.p was respectively 1.38 ± 0.29 log cfu/ml and 6.99 ± 0.12 log cfu/ml in SGF and 8.54 ± 0.05 log cfu/ml and 7.25 ± 0.23 log cfu/ml in SIJ after 2 h of incubation. HPLC analysis was also used to investigate the detoxification activity of probiotics toward Aflatoxin M1 and obtained results showed encapsulated bacteria could significantly reduce aflatoxin M1 (68.44 ± 0.5 %) compared to free bacteria (43.76 ± 0.54 %). The results of this research suggest that the chitosan/casein mediated encapsulation of L.p with layer-by-layer technology is an effective method to improve the survival and antioxidant properties of probiotics with enhanced detoxification of AFM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrana Allahverdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadmehr
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Masoumeh Bahreini
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Tan C. Hydrogel delivery systems of functional substances for precision nutrition. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 112:301-345. [PMID: 39218505 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogel delivery systems based on polysaccharides and proteins have the ability to protect functional substances from chemical degradation, control/target release, and increase bioavailability. This chapter summarizes the recent progress in the utilization of hydrogel delivery systems for nutritional interventions. Various hydrogel delivery systems as well as their preparation, structure, and properties are given. The applications for the encapsulation, protection, and controlled delivery of functional substances are described. We also discuss their potential and challenges in managing chronic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, liver disease, and cancer, aiming at providing theoretical references for exploring novel hydrogel delivery systems and their practical prospects in precise nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education. School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, P.R. China.
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3
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Wuttke B, Ekat K, Chabanovska O, Jackszis M, Springer A, Vasudevan P, Kreikemeyer B, Lang H. Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Lactococcus lactis-Loaded Alginate Particles as a Promising Delivery Tool for Periodontal Probiotic Therapy. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:129. [PMID: 38786639 PMCID: PMC11121860 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15050129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotic microorganisms are used in a variety of food supplements and medical formulations to promote human health. In periodontal therapy, probiotics are mainly used in the form of gels, tablets or rinses that often tend to leak from the periodontal pocket, resulting in a strongly reduced therapeutic effect. In this pilot in vitro study, we present biodegradable alginate-based particles as an alternative, highly efficient system for a periodontal delivery of probiotic bacteria to the inflammation site. For this purpose, Lactococcus (L.) lactis was encapsulated using a standardized pump-controlled extrusion-dripping method. Time-dependent bacterial release in artificial saliva was investigated over 9 days. The effect of freeze drying was explored to ensure long-term storage of L. lactis-loaded particles. Additionally, the particles were bound to dentin surface using approved bioadhesives and subjected to shear stress in a hydrodynamic flow chamber that mimics the oral cavity in vitro. Thus, round particles within the range of 0.80-1.75 mm in radius could be produced, whereby the diameter of the dripping tip had the most significant impact on the size. Although both small and large particles demonstrated a similar release trend of L. lactis, the release rate was significantly higher in the former. Following lyophilization, particles could restore their original shape within 4 h in artificial saliva; thereby, the bacterial viability was not affected. The attachment strength to dentin intensified by an adhesive could resist forces between 10 and 25 N/m2. Full degradation of the particles was observed after 20 days in artificial saliva. Therefore, alginate particles display a valuable probiotic carrier for periodontal applications that have several crucial advantages over existing preparations: a highly stable form, prolonged continuous release of therapeutic bacteria, precise manufacturing according to required dimensions at the application site, strong attachment to the tooth with low risk of dislocation, high biocompatibility and biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Wuttke
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Katharina Ekat
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Oleksandra Chabanovska
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Mario Jackszis
- Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Armin Springer
- Medical Biology and Electron Microscopy Centre, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Praveen Vasudevan
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernd Kreikemeyer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hermann Lang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Wu H, Ding C, Ma X, Gao Z, Liu S, Liu B, Song S. Microencapsulate Probiotics (MP) Promote Growth Performance and Inhibit Inflammatory Response in Broilers Challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:623-635. [PMID: 37043165 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are prevalent in husbandry around the world due to the abuse of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs); therefore, it is necessary to find alternatives to AGPs in animal feed. Among all the candidates, probiotics are promising alternatives to AGPs against Salmonella infection. The anti-Salmonella effects of three probiotic strains, namely, Lactobacillus crispatus 7-4, Lactobacillus johnsonii 3-1, and Pediococcus acidilactici 20-1, have been demonstrated in our previous study. In this study, we further obtained the alginate beads containing compound probiotics, namely, microencapsulate probiotics (MP), and evaluated its regulatory effect on the health of broilers. We incubated free and microencapsulate probiotics in simulated gastric and intestinal juice for 2 h, and the results showed that compared to free probiotics, encapsulation increased tolerance of compound probiotics in the simulated gastrointestinal condition. We observed that the application of probiotics, especially MP, conferred protective effects against Salmonella typhimurium (S.Tm) infection in broilers. Compared to the S.Tm group, the MP could promote the growth performance (p < 0.05) and reduce the S.Tm load in intestine and liver (p < 0.05). In detail, MP pretreatment could modulate the cecal microflora and upregulate the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Enterobacteriaceae. Besides, MP could reduce the inflammation injury of the intestine and liver, reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β) expression, and induce of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) expression. Furthermore, MP could inhibit NLRP3 pathway in ileum, thereby attenuating S.Tm-induced inflammation. In conclusion, MP could be a new feeding supplementation strategy to substitute AGPs in poultry feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chenchen Ding
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xujie Ma
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhangshan Gao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shuhui Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Management Office of Dafeng, Milu National Nature Reserve, Yancheng, 224136, China
| | - Suquan Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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5
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Yan C, Kim SR. Microencapsulation for Pharmaceutical Applications: A Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:692-710. [PMID: 38320297 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
In order to improve bioavailability, stability, control release, and target delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), as well as to mask their bitter taste, to increase their efficacy, and to minimize their side effects, a variety of microencapsulation (including nanoencapsulation, particle size <100 nm) technologies have been widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. Commonly used microencapsulation technologies are emulsion, coacervation, extrusion, spray drying, freeze-drying, molecular inclusion, microbubbles and microsponge, fluidized bed coating, supercritical fluid encapsulation, electro spinning/spray, and polymerization. In this review, APIs are categorized by their molecular complexity: small APIs (compounds with low molecular weight, like Aspirin, Ibuprofen, and Cannabidiol), medium APIs (compounds with medium molecular weight like insulin, peptides, and nucleic acids), and living microorganisms (such as probiotics, bacteria, and bacteriophages). This article provides an overview of these microencapsulation technologies including their processes, matrix, and their recent applications in microencapsulation of APIs. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of these common microencapsulation technologies in terms of improving the efficacy of APIs for pharmaceutical treatments are comprehensively analyzed. The objective is to summarize the most recent progresses on microencapsulation of APIs for enhancing their bioavailability, control release, target delivery, masking their bitter taste and stability, and thus increasing their efficacy and minimizing their side effects. At the end, future perspectives on microencapsulation for pharmaceutical applications are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuie Yan
- Division of Encapsulation, Blue California, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, United States
| | - Sang-Ryoung Kim
- Division of Encapsulation, Blue California, Rancho Santa Margarita, California 92688, United States
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6
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Sibanda T, Marole TA, Thomashoff UL, Thantsha MS, Buys EM. Bifidobacterium species viability in dairy-based probiotic foods: challenges and innovative approaches for accurate viability determination and monitoring of probiotic functionality. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1327010. [PMID: 38371928 PMCID: PMC10869629 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1327010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium species are essential members of a healthy human gut microbiota. Their presence in the gut is associated with numerous health outcomes such as protection against gastrointestinal tract infections, inflammation, and metabolic diseases. Regular intake of Bifidobacterium in foods is a sustainable way of maintaining the health benefits associated with its use as a probiotic. Owing to their global acceptance, fermented dairy products (particularly yogurt) are considered the ideal probiotic carrier foods. As envisioned in the definition of probiotics as "live organisms," the therapeutic functionalities of Bifidobacterium spp. depend on maintaining their viability in the foods up to the point of consumption. However, sustaining Bifidobacterium spp. viability during the manufacture and shelf-life of fermented dairy products remains challenging. Hence, this paper discusses the significance of viability as a prerequisite for Bifidobacterium spp. probiotic functionality. The paper focuses on the stress factors that influence Bifidobacterium spp. viability during the manufacture and shelf life of yogurt as an archetypical fermented dairy product that is widely accepted as a delivery vehicle for probiotics. It further expounds the Bifidobacterium spp. physiological and genetic stress response mechanisms as well as the methods for viability retention in yogurt, such as microencapsulation, use of oxygen scavenging lactic acid bacterial strains, and stress-protective agents. The report also explores the topic of viability determination as a critical factor in probiotic quality assurance, wherein, the limitations of culture-based enumeration methods, the challenges of species and strain resolution in the presence of lactic acid bacterial starter and probiotic species are discussed. Finally, new developments and potential applications of next-generation viability determination methods such as flow cytometry, propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PMA-qPCR), next-generation sequencing, and single-cell Raman spectroscopy (SCRS) methods are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulani Sibanda
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Applied Biology and Biochemistry, National University of Science and Technology, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
- Department of Biology, National of University of Lesotho, Maseru, Lesotho
| | - Tlaleo Azael Marole
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Mapitsi S. Thantsha
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Elna M. Buys
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Saejung C, Phonaiam S, Kotthale P, Chaiyarat A. Bacterial cellulose as a reinforcement material of alginate beads improves effectiveness and recycling potential of immobilized photosynthetic bacteria for cooking oil waste removal. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121532. [PMID: 37985061 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The rapid degradation of alginate beads limits the lifespan of immobilized cells. In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC) incorporated in alginate was used to improve the mechanical properties, swelling ratio, and recycling time of the immobilized photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas faecalis PA2 for the removal of cooking oil residues. Beads reinforced with 25 and 50% BC showed a higher Young's modulus and compressive strength and a lower swelling ratio than the control treatment (0% BC). The incorporation of 50% BC increased biomass production and oil removal. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy revealed several bacteria-infested internal pores in the reinforced beads, indicating bacterial growth in the presence of BC. Bacterial viability was verified by BC immersion in the bacterial culture broth and by injecting bacteria into the BC matrix. Without BC reinforcement, beads collapsed after reuse in two batches, whereas reinforced beads could be reused for five batches, resulting in an oil removal rate of up to 76.3 %. Our results show that BC can be used as an alginate reinforcing material to improve bead stability and prolong the effective recycling period of immobilized bacteria without negatively affecting bacterial growth or waste oil removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chewapat Saejung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Saitharn Phonaiam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Prawphan Kotthale
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Anuwat Chaiyarat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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8
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Hassanen EI, Ahmed LI, Fahim KM, Shehata MG, Badr AN. Chitosan nanoparticle encapsulation increased the prophylactic efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum RM1 against AFM 1-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:123925-123938. [PMID: 37995030 PMCID: PMC10746602 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a significant contaminant of food, particularly dairy products and can resist various industrial processes. Several probiotic strains like Lactobacillus plantarum are known to reduce aflatoxin availability in synthetic media and some food products. The current work investigated the possible chitosan coating prophylactic efficacy of Lactobacillus plantarum RM1 nanoemulsion (CS-RM1) against AFM1-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 7) as follows: group 1 received normal saline, group 2 received CS-RM1 (1mL contains 6.7 × 1010 CFU), group 3 received AFM1 (60 µg/kg bwt), and group 4 received both CS-RM1(1 mL contains 6.7 × 1010 CFU) and AFM1 (60 µg/kg bwt). All receiving materials were given to rats daily via oral gavage for 28 days. AFM1 caused a significant elevation in serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, uric acid, urea, and creatinine with marked alterations in protein and lipid profiles. Additionally, AFM1 caused marked pathological changes in the liver and kidneys, such as cellular necrosis, vascular congestion, and interstitial inflammation. AFM1 also increased the MDA levels and decreased several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Liver and kidney sections of the AFM1 group displayed strong caspase-3, TNF-α, and iNOS immunopositivity. Co-treatment of CS-RM1 with AFM1 significantly lowered the investigated toxicological parameter changes and markedly improved the microscopic appearance of liver and kidneys. In conclusion, AFM1 induces hepatorenal oxidative stress damage via ROS overgeneration, which induces mitochondrial caspase-3-dependent apoptosis and inflammation. Furthermore, CS-RM1 can reduce AFM1 toxicity in both the liver and kidneys. The study recommends adding CS-RM1 to milk and milk products for AFM1-elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I Hassanen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Lamiaa I Ahmed
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Karima M Fahim
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G Shehata
- Department of Food Technology, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Application, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed N Badr
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminants, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Gyawali I, Zhou G, Xu G, Li G, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Li J, Zhou J, Zhu C, Shu G, Jiang Q. Supplementation of microencapsulated probiotics modulates gut health and intestinal microbiota. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4547-4561. [PMID: 37576064 PMCID: PMC10420788 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effect of probiotics on host health is impaired due to the substantial loss of survivability during gastric transit caused by small intestinal enzymes and bile acids. Encapsulation helps to preserve the probiotics species from severe environmental factors. Lactobacillus paracasei, highly sensitive probiotic species to gastric acid, was encapsulated with polyacrylate resin. C57BL/6 male mice were equally divided into three groups; control group was fed with basal diet without any additives, the un-encapsulated group was fed with 0.1% of a mixture of encapsulating material and L. paracasei, and encapsulated group was fed with 0.1% encapsulated L. paracasei (microcapsule) for 4 weeks. The result showed elevated fecal moisture percentage in the encapsulated group, but not in the un-encapsulated group. Further study showed that the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the small intestine was significantly higher compared to un-encapsulated and the control group. Microencapsulated probiotics also remarkably increased intestinal mucin and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration, intestinal MUC-2, and tight junction protein mRNA expression levels improving the intestinal barrier function of mice. In addition, microcapsules also reduced proinflammatory factor mRNA expression, while considerably increasing anti-inflammatory factor mRNA expression. Microbiota metabolites, fecal LPS (Lipopolysaccharide) were downregulated, and acetate and lactate were upraised compared to control. Furthermore, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and TAOC levels were increased and Malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased improving antioxidant capacity. Microflora and bioinformatic predictive analysis of feces showed that encapsulated probiotics remarkably increased Lactobacillus proportions. Mice's intestinal health can thus be improved by using microencapsulated probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishwari Gyawali
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Guilian Zhou
- Quality Control for Feed and Products of Livestock and Poultry Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengduChina
| | - Guli Xu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Genghui Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yujun Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuxian Zeng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jincheng Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Canjun Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Gang Shu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Sun Q, Yin S, He Y, Cao Y, Jiang C. Biomaterials and Encapsulation Techniques for Probiotics: Current Status and Future Prospects in Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2185. [PMID: 37570503 PMCID: PMC10421492 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their potential advantages in diverse biomedical applications, such as acting as antimicrobial agents, aiding in tissue repair, and treating diseases. These live bacteria must exist in appropriate quantities and precise locations to exert beneficial effects. However, their viability and activity can be significantly impacted by the surrounding tissue, posing a challenge to maintain their stability in the target location for an extended duration. To counter this, researchers have formulated various strategies that enhance the activity and stability of probiotics by encapsulating them within biomaterials. This approach enables site-specific release, overcoming technical impediments encountered during the processing and application of probiotics. A range of materials can be utilized for encapsulating probiotics, and several methods can be employed for this encapsulation process. This article reviews the recent advancements in probiotics encapsulated within biomaterials, examining the materials, methods, and effects of encapsulation. It also provides an overview of the hurdles faced by currently available biomaterial-based probiotic capsules and suggests potential future research directions in this field. Despite the progress achieved to date, numerous challenges persist, such as the necessity for developing efficient, reproducible encapsulation methods that maintain the viability and activity of probiotics. Furthermore, there is a need to design more robust and targeted delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Sun
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan 250117, China; (Q.S.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sheng Yin
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan 250117, China; (Q.S.); (S.Y.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yingxu He
- School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
| | - Yi Cao
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan 250117, China; (Q.S.); (S.Y.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chunping Jiang
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Shounuo City Light West Block, Jinan 250117, China; (Q.S.); (S.Y.)
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, China
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11
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Qi P, Lv J, Yan X, Bai L, Zhang L. Microfluidics: Insights into Intestinal Microorganisms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1134. [PMID: 37317109 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics is a system involving the treatment or manipulation of microscale (10-9 to 10-18 L) fluids using microchannels (10 to 100 μm) contained on a microfluidic chip. Among the different methodologies used to study intestinal microorganisms, new methods based on microfluidic technology have been receiving increasing attention in recent years. The intestinal tracts of animals are populated by a vast array of microorganisms that have been established to play diverse functional roles beneficial to host physiology. This review is the first comprehensive coverage of the application of microfluidics technology in intestinal microbial research. In this review, we present a brief history of microfluidics technology and describe its applications in gut microbiome research, with a specific emphasis on the microfluidic technology-based intestine-on-a-chip, and also discuss the advantages and application prospects of microfluidic drug delivery systems in intestinal microbial research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Qi
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jin Lv
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiangdong Yan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liuhui Bai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Choudhary P, Kraatz HB, Lévesque CM, Gong SG. Microencapsulation of Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius LAB813. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12011-12018. [PMID: 37033842 PMCID: PMC10077535 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are living microorganisms that confer a health benefit on the host when administered in adequate amounts. Streptococcus salivarius, a commensal bacterium found in the oral cavity, has been shown to secrete antimicrobial peptides and can be used as probiotics. This study aimed to develop a delivery system for the probiotic LAB813, a novel S. salivarius strain first identified in the laboratory. Probiotics can be delivered and protected through the encapsulation of biomaterials such as polysaccharides. Their biocompatibility, biodegradability, user-friendliness, and ease of access make polysaccharides useful for encapsulating probiotics. Alginate (Alg) and chitosan (Ch) are naturally obtained polysaccharides and, hence, tested for LAB813 encapsulation. An extrusion method of encapsulation was performed to form Alg microcapsules (Alg-LAB813), some of which were coated with Ch (Alg-LAB813-Ch) to provide dual-layered protection. Inhibitory assays of the Alg-LAB813 and Alg-LAB813-Ch microcapsules were assayed against an indicator strain. Alg-LAB813-Ch microcapsules showed superior antibacterial properties compared to Alg-LAB813 microcapsules over 24 h and when subject to temperatures ranging from 4 to 68 °C. In addition, Alg-LAB813-Ch microcapsules retained antibacterial activity for up to 28 days of storage at 4 °C. The strong and sustained inhibitory activities of Ch-coated Alg encapsulated LAB813 signify the potential for their use to improve oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
- Department
of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Céline M. Lévesque
- Faculty
of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
| | - Siew-Ging Gong
- Faculty
of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
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13
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Afzaal M, Saeed F, Ateeq H, Akhtar M, Imran A, Ahmed A, Aamir M, Islam F, Yasmin I, Shah YA, Hussain M, Hameed A, Kumar R, Awuchi CG. Probiotics encapsulated gastroprotective cross-linked microgels: Enhanced viability under stressed conditions with dried apple carrier. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:817-827. [PMID: 36789050 PMCID: PMC9922151 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, Lactobacillus acidophilus was encapsulated in sodium alginate and whey protein isolate, with the addition of antacids CaCO3 or Mg(OH)2. The obtained microgels were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Encapsulated and free probiotics were subjected to vitality assay under stressed conditions. Furthermore, dried apple snack was evaluated as a carrier for probiotics for 28 days. A significant (p ≤ .05) effect of antacid with an encapsulating agent was observed under different stressed conditions. During exposure to simulated gastrointestinal conditions, there were observations of 1.24 log CFU and 2.17 log CFU, with corresponding 0.93 log CFU and 2.63 log CFU decrease in the case of SA + CaCO3 and WPI + CaCO3 respectively. Likewise, high viability was observed under thermal and refrigerated conditions for probiotics encapsulated with SA + CaCO3. In conclusion, the results indicated that alginate microgels with CaCO3 are effective in prolonging the viability of probiotics under stressed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Huda Ateeq
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional SciencesThe University of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Institute of Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Fakhar Islam
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Iqra Yasmin
- Barani Agricultural Research InstituteChakwalPakistan
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Adnan Hameed
- Department of Food SciencesGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of PharmacologyDev Bhoomi Institute of Pharmacy and ResearchDehradunIndia
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14
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Microencapsulation in the chitosan-coated alginate-inulin matrix of Limosilactobacillus reuteri SW23 and Lactobacillus salivarius RBL50 and their characterization. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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15
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Li W, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Li S, Yun L, Zhi Z, Liu R, Wu T, Sui W, Zhang M. Improving the viability of Lactobacillus plantarum LP90 by carboxymethylated dextran-whey protein conjugates: The relationship with glass transition temperature. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Yu S, Sun H, Li Y, Wei S, Xu J, Liu J. Hydrogels as promising platforms for engineered living bacteria-mediated therapeutic systems. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100435. [PMID: 36164505 PMCID: PMC9508596 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea of using engineered bacteria as prospective living therapeutic agents for the treatment of different diseases has been raised. Nevertheless, the development of safe and effective treatment strategies remains essential to the success of living bacteria-mediated therapy. Hydrogels have presented great promise for the delivery of living bacterial therapeutics due to their tunable physicochemical properties, good bioactivities, and excellent protection of labile payloads. In this review, we summarize the hydrogel design strategies for living bacteria-mediated therapy and review the recent advances in hydrogel-based living bacterial agent delivery for the treatment of typical diseases, including those for digestive health, skin fungal infections, wound healing, vaccines, and cancer, and discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of these strategies in the field. It is believed that the importance of hydrogel-based living bacteria-mediated therapy is expected to further increase with the development of both synthetic biology and biomaterials science in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjiang Yu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongcheng Sun
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongguang Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Wei
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jiayun Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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17
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Rojas-Padilla J, de-Bashan LE, Parra-Cota FI, Rocha-Estrada J, de los Santos-Villalobos S. Microencapsulation of Bacillus Strains for Improving Wheat ( Triticum turgidum Subsp. durum) Growth and Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11212920. [PMID: 36365373 PMCID: PMC9657316 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-formulation technologies have a limited impact on agricultural productivity in developing countries, especially those based on plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Thus, calcium alginate microbeads were synthesized and used for the protection and delivery of three beneficial Bacillus strains for agricultural applications. The process of encapsulation had a high yield per gram for all bacteria and the microbeads protected the Bacillus strains, allowing their survival, after 12 months of storage at room temperature. Microbead analysis was carried out by observing the rate of swelling and biodegradation of the beads and the released-establishment of bacteria in the soil. These results showed that there is an increase of around 75% in bead swelling on average, which allows for larger pores, and the effective release and subsequent establishment of the bacteria in the soil. Biodegradation of microbeads in the soil was gradual: in the first week, they increased their weight (75%), which consistently results in the swelling ratio. The co-inoculation of the encapsulated strain TRQ8 with the other two encapsulated strains showed plant growth promotion. TRQ8 + TRQ65 and TRQ8 + TE3T bacteria showed increases in different biometric parameters of wheat plants, such as stem height, root length, dry weight, and chlorophyll content. Thus, here we demonstrated that the application of alginate microbeads containing the studied strains showed a positive effect on wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Rojas-Padilla
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 sur, Ciudad Obregon 85000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Luz Estela de-Bashan
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL 36830, USA
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, La Paz 23096, Baja California Sur, Mexico
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, 301 Funches Hall, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Fannie Isela Parra-Cota
- Campo Experimental Norman E. Borlaug, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Ciudad Obregon 85000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Jorge Rocha-Estrada
- CONACyT Unidad Regional Hidalgo, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Pachuca Ciudad del Conocimiento y la Cultura, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42163, Hidalgo, Mexico
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18
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Wang J, Guo N, Hou W, Qin H. Coating bacteria for anti-tumor therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1020020. [PMID: 36185433 PMCID: PMC9520470 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic bacteria have shown great potential on anti-tumor therapy. Compared with traditional therapeutic strategy, living bacteria present unique advantages. Bacteria show high targeting and great colonization ability in tumor microenvironment with hypoxic and nutritious conditions. Bacterial-medicated antitumor therapy has been successfully applied on mouse models, but the low therapeutic effect and biosafe limit its application on clinical treatment. With the development of material science, coating living bacteria with suitable materials has received widespread attention to achieve synergetic therapy on tumor. In this review, we summarize various materials for coating living bacteria in cancer therapy and envision the opportunities and challenges of bacteria-medicated antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Guo, ; Weiliang Hou, ; Huanlong Qin,
| | - Weiliang Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Guo, ; Weiliang Hou, ; Huanlong Qin,
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Guo, ; Weiliang Hou, ; Huanlong Qin,
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19
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Acay H, Yildirim A, Güney İG, Derviş S. Morchella esculenta‐
based chitosan bionanocomposites: Evaluation as an antifungal agent. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Acay
- Mardin Artuklu University Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Mardin Turkey
| | - Ayfer Yildirim
- Mardin Artuklu University Vocational School of Health Services Mardin Turkey
| | - İnci Güler Güney
- Mardin Artuklu University Kızıltepe Vocational High School, Department of Plant and Animal Production Mardin Turkey
| | - Sibel Derviş
- Mardin Artuklu University Kızıltepe Vocational High School, Department of Plant and Animal Production Mardin Turkey
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20
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Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties of Chitosan-Coated Alginate Microparticles Loaded with Porcine Interleukin-1β: A Potential Protein Adjuvant Delivery System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179959. [PMID: 36077367 PMCID: PMC9456129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously developed chicken interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mutants as single-dose adjuvants that induce protective immunity when co-administered with an avian vaccine. However, livestock such as pigs may require a vaccine adjuvant delivery system that provides long-lasting protection to reduce the need for successive booster doses. Therefore, we developed chitosan-coated alginate microparticles as a carrier for bovine serum albumin (BSA) or porcine IL-1β (pIL-1β) and assessed their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Electrospraying of the BSA-loaded alginate microparticles (BSA/ALG MPs) resulted in an encapsulation efficiency of 50%, and those MPs were then coated with chitosan (BSA/ALG/CHI MPs). Optical and scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize these MPs. The BSA encapsulation parameters were applied to ALG/CHI MPs loaded with pIL-1β, which were not cytotoxic to porcine fibroblasts but had enhanced bio-activity over unencapsulated pIL-1β. The chitosan layer of the BSA/ALG/CHI MPs prevented burst release and facilitated sustained release of pIL-1β for at least 28 days. In conclusion, BSA/ALG/CHI MPs prepared as a carrier for pIL-1β may be used as an adjuvant for the formulation of pig vaccines.
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21
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Current Techniques to Study Beneficial Plant-Microbe Interactions. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071380. [PMID: 35889099 PMCID: PMC9317800 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many different experimental approaches have been applied to elaborate and study the beneficial interactions between soil bacteria and plants. Some of these methods focus on changes to the plant and others are directed towards assessing the physiology and biochemistry of the beneficial plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Here, we provide an overview of some of the current techniques that have been employed to study the interaction of plants with PGPB. These techniques include the study of plant microbiomes; the use of DNA genome sequencing to understand the genes encoded by PGPB; the use of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to study PGPB and plant gene expression; genome editing of PGPB; encapsulation of PGPB inoculants prior to their use to treat plants; imaging of plants and PGPB; PGPB nitrogenase assays; and the use of specialized growth chambers for growing and monitoring bacterially treated plants.
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22
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Chitosan chemistry review for living organisms encapsulation. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 295:119877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Strategies to Combat Caries by Maintaining the Integrity of Biofilm and Homeostasis during the Rapid Phase of Supragingival Plaque Formation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070880. [PMID: 35884135 PMCID: PMC9312143 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria in the oral cavity, including commensals and opportunistic pathogens, are organized into highly specialized sessile communities, coexisting in homeostasis with the host under healthy conditions. A dysbiotic environment during biofilm evolution, however, allows opportunistic pathogens to become the dominant species at caries-affected sites at the expense of health-associated taxa. Combining tooth brushing with dentifrices or rinses combat the onset of caries by partially removes plaque, but resulting in the biofilm remaining in an immature state with undesirables’ consequences on homeostasis and oral ecosystem. This leads to the need for therapeutic pathways that focus on preserving balance in the oral microbiota and applying strategies to combat caries by maintaining biofilm integrity and homeostasis during the rapid phase of supragingival plaque formation. Adhesion, nutrition, and communication are fundamental in this phase in which the bacteria that have survived these adverse conditions rebuild and reorganize the biofilm, and are considered targets for designing preventive strategies to guide the biofilm towards a composition compatible with health. The present review summarizes the most important advances and future prospects for therapies based on the maintenance of biofilm integrity and homeostasis as a preventive measure of dysbiosis focused on these three key factors during the rapid phase of plaque formation.
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Song S, Cui Y, Ji X, Gao F, Zhu H, Zhu J, Liu X, Guan J. Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum with enzymatic hydrolysate of soybean protein isolate for improved acid resistance and gastrointestinal survival in vitro. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2021-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the acid resistance effect of Lactobacillus plantarum through microencapsulation with enzymatic hydrolysate of soybean protein isolate (EHSPI) and modified phospholipid. Response surface methodology was adopted to establish the optimal microencapsulation technology of L. plantarum, while coating characters were evaluated. Through response surface methodology, the optimal conditions were obtained as follows based on microencapsulation efficiency: the ratio of bacteria/EHSPI 1:1.83, EHSPI content 4.01%, modified phospholipid content 11.41%. The results of digestion in vitro showed that after passing through the simulated gastric fluid (SGF), the L. plantarum was released and reached 3.55 × 108 CFU/mL in the simulated intestinal fluid. Meanwhile, the surviving bacteria number of control significantly decreased to 2.63 × 104 CFU/mL (P < 0.05) at 120 min in SGF. In sum, the acid resistance and survival of L. plantarum were improved in SGF in vitro, through the microencapsulation technology based on EHSPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Song
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology , No.100 Lianhua street , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
| | - Yaoming Cui
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology , No.100 Lianhua street , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
| | - Xuyang Ji
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology , No.100 Lianhua street , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology , No.100 Lianhua street , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
| | - Hao Zhu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology , No.100 Lianhua street , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
| | - Jinfeng Zhu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology , No.100 Lianhua street , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology , No.100 Lianhua street , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
| | - Junjun Guan
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology , No.100 Lianhua street , Zhengzhou , 450001 , China
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25
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Probiotic encapsulation in water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions: Enhancement of viability under food and gastrointestinal conditions. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Hiremath S, Viswanathan P. Oxalobacter formigenes: A new hope as a live biotherapeutic agent in the management of calcium oxalate renal stones. Anaerobe 2022; 75:102572. [PMID: 35443224 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in understanding the association of gut microbiota with the host have shown evidence of certain bacterial therapeutic potentiality in preventing and treating metabolic diseases. Hyperoxaluria is a severe challenge in nephrology and has led to the novel gut eubiosis as current therapy. The human gut commensal, obligate anaerobic, and intestinal oxalate-degrading strains of Oxalobacter formigenes have drawn a promising significant interest for the next-generation probiotics (NGPs). This nonpathogenic, potential probiotic, and specialist oxalotrophic properties of O. formigenes give a new hope as a live biotherapeutic agent for calcium oxalate renal therapy. Numerous satisfactory outcomes of in vitro and in vivo studies were achieved on evaluating O. formigenes functionality, but the commercial production of this bacterium is yet to be achieved. This bacterium finds diverse application in dietary and endogenous oxalate degradation and the improvement of gut health, on which we concentrated our attention in this review. The relationship between good anaerobic gut bacterial dysbiosis and renal complications is comprehensively discussed to address the need for the development probiotic formulation. However, the commercial production of this bacteria on a broad scale is complex, with numerous obstacles, mainly because they are oxygen-sensitive and difficult to culture. This review will coherently present the current and available methodologies in producing, stabilizing, and delivering these NGPs to treat calcium stones. Moreover, the study presents the extensive work and key milestones achieved in the research on O. formigenes from tale to the truth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shridhar Hiremath
- Renal Research Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- Renal Research Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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27
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Kowalska E, Ziarno M, Ekielski A, Żelaziński T. Materials Used for the Microencapsulation of Probiotic Bacteria in the Food Industry. Molecules 2022; 27:3321. [PMID: 35630798 PMCID: PMC9142984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics and probiotic therapy have been rapidly developing in recent years due to an increasing number of people suffering from digestive system disorders and diseases related to intestinal dysbiosis. Owing to their activity in the intestines, including the production of short-chain fatty acids, probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria can have a significant therapeutic effect. The activity of probiotic strains is likely reduced by their loss of viability during gastrointestinal transit. To overcome this drawback, researchers have proposed the process of microencapsulation, which increases the resistance of bacterial cells to external conditions. Various types of coatings have been used for microencapsulation, but the most popular ones are carbohydrate and protein microcapsules. Microencapsulating probiotics with vegetable proteins is an innovative approach that can increase the health value of the final product. This review describes the different types of envelope materials that have been used so far for encapsulating bacterial biomass and improving the survival of bacterial cells. The use of a microenvelope has initiated the controlled release of bacterial cells and an increase in their activity in the large intestine, which is the target site of probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kowalska
- Department of Technology and Food Evaluation, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Ziarno
- Department of Technology and Food Evaluation, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159c Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Adam Ekielski
- Department of Production Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.); (T.Ż.)
| | - Tomasz Żelaziński
- Department of Production Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.); (T.Ż.)
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28
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Zhang Z, Liu J, Li M, Yang B, Liu W, Chu Z, Cui B, Chen X. Lactobacillus rhamnosus Encapsulated in Alginate/Chitosan Microgels Manipulates the Gut Microbiome to Ameliorate Salt-Induced Hepatorenal Injury. Front Nutr 2022; 9:872808. [PMID: 35495927 PMCID: PMC9047548 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.872808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the essential regulator of intestinal bacterial diversity, probiotics are a potential treatment for chronic high-salt diet (HSD)–induced metabolic dysfunction. Probiotic cells entrapped in microgels have been confirmed as being more effective than free cells in protecting bacteria against unfavorable conditions, that is, enhancing their stress resistance. This study explored the physiological mechanism by which probiotic microgels relieve HSD–induced hepatorenal injury. Herein, Lactobacillus rhamnosus was encapsulated in alginate-chitosan microgels which the percentage of alginate/chitosan was applied 1.5:0.5 (w/w) in this system, and the encapsulation significantly improved the probiotic viability in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Mice were fed an HSD with L. rhamnosus (SDL) or L. rhamnosus microgels (SDEL). After 8 weeks of administration, dietary sodium was confirmed as inducing the hepatic and renal damages in mice, based on indicators, including serum biomarker levels, histopathological features of tissues, and pro-inflammatory cytokine contents in blood levels. However, the serum levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase in the SDL and SDEL-fed mice were significantly lowered compared to the HSD-fed mice, especially in the SDEL group. HSD increased the abundances of Anaeroplasma, Enterorhabdus, Parvibacter, and Bacteroides, while the microgels increased the abundances of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Mucispirillum, and Faecalibaculum. Significant variations of fecal metabolome were validated for SDEL-treated mice, containing those linked to entero-hepatic circulation (e.g., cholic acid), carbohydrate metabolism (i.e., L-lactic acid), and increased antioxidants including citric acid. Furthermore, the probiotic microgels ameliorated intestinal damage by improving barrier and absorption functions. These results augmented existing knowledge on probiotic application for salt toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Zhang
| | - Jiajian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Binbin Yang
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Yucheng People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Chu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, China
- Bo Cui
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Xiao Chen
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He BL, Xiong Y, Hu TG, Zong MH, Wu H. Bifidobacterium spp. as functional foods: A review of current status, challenges, and strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8048-8065. [PMID: 35319324 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2054934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Members of Bifidobacterium are among the first microbes to colonize the human intestine naturally, their abundance and diversity in the colon are closely related to host health. Recently, the gut microbiota has been gradually proven to be crucial mediators of various metabolic processes between the external environment and the host. Therefore, the health-promoting benefits of Bifidobacterium spp. and their applications in food have gradually been widely concerned. The main purpose of this review is to comprehensively introduce general features, colonization methods, and safety of Bifidobacterium spp. in the human gut, highlighting its health benefits and industrial applications. On this basis, the existing limitations and scope for future research are also discussed. Bifidobacteria have beneficial effects on the host's digestive system, immune system, and nervous system. However, the first prerequisite for functioning is to have enough live bacteria before consumption and successfully colonize the colon after ingestion. At present, strain breeding, optimization (e.g., selecting acid and bile resistant strains, adaptive evolution, high cell density culture), and external protection technology (e.g., microencapsulation and protectants) are the main strategies to address these challenges in food application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Lin He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Xiong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teng-Gen Hu
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
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Novel Developments on Stimuli-Responsive Probiotic Encapsulates: From Smart Hydrogels to Nanostructured Platforms. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8030117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials engineering and biotechnology have advanced significantly towards probiotic encapsulation with encouraging results in assuring sufficient bioactivity. However, some major challenges remain to be addressed, and these include maintaining stability in different compartments of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), favoring adhesion only at the site of action, and increasing residence times. An alternative to addressing such challenges is to manufacture encapsulates with stimuli-responsive polymers, such that controlled release is achievable by incorporating moieties that respond to chemical and physical stimuli present along the GIT. This review highlights, therefore, such emerging delivery matrices going from a comprehensive description of addressable stimuli in each GIT compartment to novel synthesis and functionalization techniques to currently employed materials used for probiotic’s encapsulation and achieving multi-modal delivery and multi-stimuli responses. Next, we explored the routes for encapsulates design to enhance their performance in terms of degradation kinetics, adsorption, and mucus and gut microbiome interactions. Finally, we present the clinical perspectives of implementing novel probiotics and the challenges to assure scalability and cost-effectiveness, prerequisites for an eventual niche market penetration.
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Ferreira Leite Ladislau H, Silva de Farias TG, Mendonça Soares BL, Medeiros JADC, Ferrão Castelo Branco Melo N, Stamford–Arnaud TM, Stamford TCM, Stamford TLM. The effect of co‐encapsulation of
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
GG ATCC 53103 with inulin on alginate/chitosan matrix: the viability in fermented soy blend and simulated digestive system. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayane Ferreira Leite Ladislau
- Laboratório de Microbiologia dos Alimentos Departamento de Nutrição Centro de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°CEP: 50670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Thaísa Gabriela Silva de Farias
- Laboratório de Microbiologia dos Alimentos Departamento de Nutrição Centro de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°CEP: 50670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada Centro de Ciências Médicas Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Microbiologia e Imunologia Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°, 2° andarCEP: 50.670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Bruna Lúcia Mendonça Soares
- Laboratório de Microbiologia dos Alimentos Departamento de Nutrição Centro de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°CEP: 50670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
| | - José Alberto da Costa Medeiros
- Laboratório de Microbiologia dos Alimentos Departamento de Nutrição Centro de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°CEP: 50670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada Centro de Ciências Médicas Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Microbiologia e Imunologia Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°, 2° andarCEP: 50.670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Natália Ferrão Castelo Branco Melo
- Laboratório de Microbiologia dos Alimentos Departamento de Nutrição Centro de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°CEP: 50670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Thatiana Montenegro Stamford–Arnaud
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada Centro de Ciências Médicas Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Microbiologia e Imunologia Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°, 2° andarCEP: 50.670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Thayza Christina Montenegro Stamford
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Aplicada Centro de Ciências Médicas Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Microbiologia e Imunologia Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°, 2° andarCEP: 50.670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Tânia Lucia Montenegro Stamford
- Laboratório de Microbiologia dos Alimentos Departamento de Nutrição Centro de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitária Av. da Engenharia, s/n°CEP: 50670‐420 Recife PE Brazil
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Atraki R, Azizkhani M. Survival of probiotic bacteria nanoencapsulated within biopolymers in a simulated gastrointestinal model. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Long D, Merlin D. Micro- and nanotechnological delivery platforms for treatment of dysbiosis-related inflammatory bowel disease. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:1741-1745. [PMID: 34196224 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dingpei Long
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA
| | - Didier Merlin
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.,Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
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Zhang Z, Gu M, You X, Sela DA, Xiao H, McClements DJ. Encapsulation of bifidobacterium in alginate microgels improves viability and targeted gut release. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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35
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Iqbal MW, Riaz T, Yasmin I, Leghari AA, Amin S, Bilal M, Qi X. Chitosan‐Based Materials as Edible Coating of Cheese: A Review. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waheed Iqbal
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences Riphah International University Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Tahreem Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Iqra Yasmin
- Center of Excellence for Olive Research and Training Barani Agricultural Research Institute Chakwal 48800 Pakistan
- Department of Food Science and Technology Government College Women University Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Ali Ahmad Leghari
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Sabahat Amin
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huaian 223003 China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
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Di Natale C, Lagreca E, Panzetta V, Gallo M, Passannanti F, Vitale M, Fusco S, Vecchione R, Nigro R, Netti P. Morphological and Rheological Guided Design for the Microencapsulation Process of Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74 in Calcium Alginate Microspheres. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:660691. [PMID: 34124020 PMCID: PMC8193927 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.660691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is a real ecosystem composed of several bacterial species and a very huge amount of strains that through their metabolic activities play a crucial role in the development and performance of the immune system and other functions. Microbiota modulation by probiotics establishes a new era into the pharmaceutical and healthcare market. Probiotics play, in fact, an important role in helping and sustaining human health, but in order to produce benefits, their viability must be preserved throughout the production process up to consumption, and in addition, their bioactivity required to be safeguarded while passing through the gastrointestinal tract. In this frame, encouraging results come from encapsulation strategies that have proven to be very promising in protecting bacteria and their viability. However, specific effort has to be dedicated to the design optimization of the encapsulation process and, in particular, to the processing parameters that affect capsules microstructure. Herein, focusing on calcium alginate microspheres, after a preliminary selection of their processing conditions based on size distribution, we implemented a micro-rheological analysis, by using the multiple-particle tracking technique, to correlate the inner microstructure to the selected process conditions and to the viability of the Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74. It was assessed that the explored levels of cross-linking, although changing the microorganism constriction, did not affect its viability. The obtained results confirm how this technology is a promising and a valid strategy to protect the microorganism viability and ensure its stability during the production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Di Natale
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Lagreca
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Panzetta
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Gallo
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Engineering, University of Rome Niccolò Cusano, Rome, Italy.,Innovation & Technology Provider (ITP S.r.l.), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Vitale
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabato Fusco
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute "Vincenzo Tiberio", Università del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Raffaele Vecchione
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Nigro
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Netti
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, IIT@CRIB, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale sui Biomateriali CRIB, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Ta LP, Bujna E, Antal O, Ladányi M, Juhász R, Szécsi A, Kun S, Sudheer S, Gupta VK, Nguyen QD. Effects of various polysaccharides (alginate, carrageenan, gums, chitosan) and their combination with prebiotic saccharides (resistant starch, lactosucrose, lactulose) on the encapsulation of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus casei 01 strain. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1136-1144. [PMID: 33932423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The probiotics are extremely sensitive to various environmental factors, which imposes limitation on their health and functional effectiveness. Thus, development of delivery system for protection of viable cells while passing through different stages of the human digestion system is key factor in application of probiotic products. In our study, the effects of several polysaccharides such as alginate, κ-carrageenan, locust bean gum, gellan gum, xanthan gum and their combination with various prebiotic components (resistant starch, lactulose, lactosucrose) on encapsulation of probiotic Lactobacillus casei 01 strain were studied. Both regular and unregular beads with size distributions from 2 mm up to 5 mm were obtained. The encapsulation efficiencies varied from 64.4% up to 79%. Based on the texture's profiles, the capsules can be grouped into 5 clusters with squared Euclidean distance 3.5. Meanwhile, the starch-alginate and the lactosucrose LS55L - alginate beads were found to be the most stable and to have massive textural properties, whereas the gellan gum - xanthan gum and the chitosan coated alginate beads emerged as the softest. Encapsulation significantly improved the degree of gastric tolerance of probiotic cells even in the presence of pepsin. The INFOGEST in vitro digestion protocol was adapted to investigate the protection effects of different capsules. The highest survival (with loss rate of lower than 1 log CFU/g) was observed in the case of the cells encapsulated in starch-alginate beads. Moreover, the alginate microcapsules combined with lactosucrose LS55L also provided very promising shield for probiotics from the low pH of gastric conditions. Our findings suggest that incorporation of prebiotics into alginate-base encapsulation would be good idea in development of micro delivery systems that helps the survival of probiotics and their delivery to the target sites of action in human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Phuong Ta
- Department of Bioengineering and Alcoholic Drink Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 45, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erika Bujna
- Department of Bioengineering and Alcoholic Drink Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 45, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Otilia Antal
- Food Science Research Group, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hermann Ottó út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márta Ladányi
- Department of Applied Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Basic Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi út 29-43., H-1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Juhász
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Processing Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Villányi út 29-43., H-1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anett Szécsi
- Department of Bioengineering and Alcoholic Drink Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 45, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Szilárd Kun
- Department of Bioengineering and Alcoholic Drink Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 45, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Surya Sudheer
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu, Lai 40, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; Center for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
| | - Quang Duc Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering and Alcoholic Drink Technology, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Ménesi út 45, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
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Butorac K, Novak J, Bellich B, Terán LC, Banić M, Leboš Pavunc A, Zjalić S, Cescutti P, Šušković J, Kos B. Lyophilized alginate-based microspheres containing Lactobacillus fermentum D12, an exopolysaccharides producer, contribute to the strain's functionality in vitro. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:85. [PMID: 33865380 PMCID: PMC8052780 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01575-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus (Limosilactobacillus) fermentum D12 is an exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing strain whose genome contains a putative eps operon. Whole-genome analysis of D12 was performed to disclose the essential genes correlated with activation of precursor molecules, elongation and export of the polysaccharide chain, and regulation of EPS synthesis. These included the genes required for EPS biosynthesis such as epsA, B, C, D and E, also gt, wzx, and wzy and those involved in the activation of the precursor molecules galE, galT and galU. Both the biosynthesis and export mechanism of EPS were proposed based on functional annotation. When grown on MRS broth with an additional 2% w/v glucose, L. fermentum D12 secreted up to 200 mg/L of a mixture of EPSs, whose porous structure was visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Structural information obtained by 1HNMR spectroscopy together with composition and linkage analyses, suggested the presence of at least two different EPSs, a branched heteropolysaccharide containing t-Glcp and 2,6-linked Galf, and glycogen. Since recent reports showed that polysaccharides facilitate the probiotic-host interactions, we at first sought to evaluate the functional potential of L. fermentum D12. Strain D12 survived simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) conditions, exhibited antibacterial activity against enteropathogenic bacteria, adhered to Caco-2 cells in vitro, and as such showed potential for in vivo functionality. The EPS crude extract positively influenced D12 strain capacity to survive during freeze-drying and to adhere to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins but did not interfere Caco-2 and mucin adherence when added at concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/mL. Since the viable bacterial count of free D12 cells was 3 logarithmic units lower after the exposure to simulated GIT conditions than the initial count, the bacterial cells had been loaded into alginate for viability improvement. Microspheres of D12 cells, which were previously analyzed at SEM, significantly influenced their survival during freeze-drying and in simulated GIT conditions. Furthermore, the addition of the prebiotic substrates mannitol and lactulose improved the viability of L. fermentum D12 in freeze-dried alginate microspheres during 1-year storage at 4 °C compared to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Butorac
- Laboratory of Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Novak
- Laboratory of Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Barbara Bellich
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Bdg. C11, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lucrecia C Terán
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Bdg. C11, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Martina Banić
- Laboratory of Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andreja Leboš Pavunc
- Laboratory of Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slaven Zjalić
- Department of Ecology, Agronomy and Aquaculture, University of Zadar, Trg Kneza Višeslava 9, 23000, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Paola Cescutti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Bdg. C11, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jagoda Šušković
- Laboratory of Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blaženka Kos
- Laboratory of Antibiotic, Enzyme, Probiotic and Starter Culture Technologies, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, Zagreb, Croatia
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Youssef M, Korin A, Zhan F, Hady E, Ahmed HY, Geng F, Chen Y, Li B. Encapsulation of Lactobacillus Salivarius in Single and Dual biopolymer. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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41
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Development of microcapsules using chitosan and alginate via W/O emulsion for the protection of hydrophilic compounds by comparing with hydrogel beads. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 177:92-99. [PMID: 33609579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It is a critical challenge to protect hydrophilic compounds in food or pharmaceutical applications due to their strong tendency to leak out of the capsules into the external aqueous phase. In this work, we developed an encapsulation system that can protect hydrophilic ingredients using polyelectrolyte complexes prepared with chitosan and alginate via water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion. Unlike the traditional preparation of hydrogel beads, in which one material was added dropwise to another that had an opposite charge, we prepared microcapsules by electrostatic interaction between the positively charged -NH3+ groups of chitosan and the negatively charged -COO- groups of alginate by W/O emulsion via ultrasonication, which prevented the formation of large complexes. The preparation conditions were optimized at an ultrasonic power of 375 W and alginate/chitosan ratio of 7:5, in which the alginate/chitosan microcapsules presented a good polydispersity index of 0.26 and zeta potential of -44.6 mV. The SEM and TEM images showed the microcapsule contained multiple, irregular, conglutinated spheres with a core and shell structure. High encapsulation efficiency and retention efficiency showed its potential to protect hydrophilic components from harsh environments. This method provides a simple route that can efficiently encapsulate a wide range of food or pharmaceutical hydrophilic ingredients.
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Liu Y, Li Z, Wu Y, Jing X, Li L, Fang X. Intestinal Bacteria Encapsulated by Biomaterials Enhance Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 11:620170. [PMID: 33643302 PMCID: PMC7902919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.620170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human intestine contains thousands of bacterial species essential for optimal health. Aside from their pathogenic effects, these bacteria have been associated with the efficacy of various treatments of diseases. Due to their impact on many human diseases, intestinal bacteria are receiving increasing research attention, and recent studies on intestinal bacteria and their effects on treatments has yielded valuable results. Particularly, intestinal bacteria can affect responses to numerous forms of immunotherapy, especially cancer therapy. With the development of precision medicine, understanding the factors that influence intestinal bacteria and how they can be regulated to enhance immunotherapy effects will improve the application prospects of intestinal bacteria therapy. Further, biomaterials employed for the convenient and efficient delivery of intestinal bacteria to the body have also become a research hotspot. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on the regulatory role of intestinal bacteria in immunotherapy, focusing on immune cells they regulate. We also summarize biomaterials used for their delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhongmin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanyu Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiabin Jing
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuedong Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Chen Y, Meenu M, Baojun X. A Narrative Review on Microencapsulation of Obligate Anaerobe Probiotics Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1871008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yining Chen
- Food Science and Technology Programme, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Maninder Meenu
- Food Science and Technology Programme, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Baojun
- Food Science and Technology Programme, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Mora-Boza A, Mancipe Castro LM, Schneider RS, Han WM, García AJ, Vázquez-Lasa B, San Román J. Microfluidics generation of chitosan microgels containing glycerylphytate crosslinker for in situ human mesenchymal stem cells encapsulation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111716. [PMID: 33545868 PMCID: PMC8237249 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are an attractive source for cell therapies because of their multiple beneficial properties, i.e. via immunomodulation and secretory factors. Microfluidics is particularly attractive for cell encapsulation since it provides a rapid and reproducible methodology for microgel generation of controlled size and simultaneous cell encapsulation. Here, we report the fabrication of hMSC-laden microcarriers based on in situ ionotropic gelation of water-soluble chitosan in a microfluidic device using a combination of an antioxidant glycerylphytate (G1Phy) compound and tripolyphosphate (TPP) as ionic crosslinkers (G1Phy:TPP-microgels). These microgels showed homogeneous size distributions providing an average diameter of 104 ± 12 μm, somewhat lower than that of control (127 ± 16 μm, TPP-microgels). The presence of G1Phy in microgels maintained cell viability over time and upregulated paracrine factor secretion under adverse conditions compared to control TPP-microgels. Encapsulated hMSCs in G1Phy:TPP-microgels were delivered to the subcutaneous space of immunocompromised mice via injection, and the delivery process was as simple as the injection of unencapsulated cells. Immediately post-injection, equivalent signal intensities were observed between luciferase-expressing microgel-encapsulated and unencapsulated hMSCs, demonstrating no adverse effects of the microcarrier on initial cell survival. Cell persistence, inferred by bioluminescence signal, decreased exponentially over time showing relatively higher half-life values for G1Phy:TPP-microgels compared to TPP-microgels and unencapsulated cells. In overall, results position the microfluidics generated G1Phy:TPP-microgels as a promising microcarrier for supporting hMSC survival and reparative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mora-Boza
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lina M Mancipe Castro
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca S Schneider
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Woojin M Han
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Blanca Vázquez-Lasa
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julio San Román
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Yan L, Zhu M, Wang D, Tao W, Liu D, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ, Ye X, Chen S. Oral Administration of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate Oligomers in Gastro-Resistant Microcapsules Exhibits a Safe Antithrombotic Activity. Thromb Haemost 2021; 121:15-26. [PMID: 32862408 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FCS) polysaccharide isolated from sea cucumber has potent anticoagulant activity. Based on its resistance to the enzymes present in vertebrates, it may serve as an anticoagulant and shows antithrombotic effects when delivered through gastro-resistant (GR) tablets. However, due to the multiple plasma targets of FCS polysaccharide in the coagulation pathway, bleeding can occur after its oral administration. In the current study, we used FCS oligomers, in particular a mixture of oligosaccharides having 6 to 18 saccharide units, as the active ingredient in GR microcapsules for oral anticoagulation. In a Caco-2 model, the FCS oligomers showed higher absorption than native FCS polysaccharides. Oral administration of FCS oligomer-GR microcapsules provided a dose-dependent, prolonged anticoagulant effect with a selective inhibition of the intrinsic coagulation pathway when compared with subcutaneous administration of FCS oligomers or oral administration of unformulated FCS oligomers or native FCS-GR microspheres. Continued oral administration of FCS oligomer-GR microcapsules did not result in the accumulation of oligosaccharides in the plasma. Venous thrombosis animal models demonstrated that FCS oligomers delivered via GR microcapsules produced a potent antithrombotic effect dependent on their anticoagulant properties in the plasma, while oral administration of unformulated FCS oligomers at the same dose exhibited a weaker antithrombotic effect than the formulated version. Oral administration of FCS oligomer-GR microcapsules resulted in no bleeding, while oral administration of native FCS-GR microcapsules resulted in bleeding (p < 0.05). Our present results suggest that a FCS oligomer-GR microcapsule formulation represents an effective and safe oral anticoagulant for potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufeng Yan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States
| | - Mengshan Zhu
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Danli Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyang Tao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Encapsulation and antioxidant activity of assai pulp oil (Euterpe oleracea) in chitosan/alginate polyelectrolyte complexes. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Qi X, Simsek S, Chen B, Rao J. Alginate-based double-network hydrogel improves the viability of encapsulated probiotics during simulated sequential gastrointestinal digestion: Effect of biopolymer type and concentrations. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1675-1685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shao F, Yu L, Zhang Y, An C, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Xiong Y, Wang H. Microfluidic Encapsulation of Single Cells by Alginate Microgels Using a Trigger-Gellified Strategy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:583065. [PMID: 33154965 PMCID: PMC7591722 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.583065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidics-based alginate microgels have shown great potential to encapsulate cells in a high-throughput and controllable manner. However, cell viability and biological functions are substantially compromised due to the harsh conditions for gelation, which remains a major challenge for cell encapsulation. Herein, we presented an efficient and biocompatible method by on-chip triggered gelation to generate microfluidic alginate microgels for single-cell encapsulation. Two calcium complexes of calcium–ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Ca-EDTA) and calcium–nitrilotriacetic (Ca-NTA) as crosslinkers for triggered gelation of alginate were compared and investigated for feasible application. By triggered release of Ca2+ ions from the calcium complex via adding acetic acid in the oil phase, the alginate precursor in the aqueous droplets can be crosslinked to form alginate microgels. Although using Ca-EDTA and Ca-NTA both achieved on-chip gelation, Ca-NTA led to significantly higher cell viability since the dissociation of Ca2+ ions from Ca-NTA can be obtained using less concentration of acid compared to Ca-EDTA. We further demonstrated the functionality of encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in alginate microgels prepared using Ca-NTA, as evidenced by the osteogenesis of encapsulated MSCs upon inductive culture. In summary, our study provided a biocompatible strategy to prepare alginate microgels for single-cell encapsulation which can be further used for applications in tissue engineering and cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shao
- Key State Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key State Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanfeng An
- Key State Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Haoyue Zhang
- Key State Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Key State Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huanan Wang
- Key State Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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Yousefi M, Khanniri E, Shadnoush M, Khorshidian N, Mortazavian AM. Development, characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of chitosan-coated alginate microcapsules entrapping Viola odorata Linn. extract. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:44-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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50
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Nourmohammadi N, Soleimanian-Zad S, Shekarchizadeh H. Effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) microencapsulated in alginate and whey protein concentrate addition on physicochemical and organoleptic properties of functional stirred yogurt. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:5260-5268. [PMID: 32520419 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of Spirulina-based functionalized food is usually unpleasant due to its specific sensorial properties. Therefore, Spirulina was encapsulated using alginate and whey protein concentrate (WPC) by emulsification method, and the effect of adding free and microencapsulated Spirulina (MS) to non-fat stirred yogurt was investigated during storage. RESULTS Scanning electron microscope investigated microcapsules morphology and their mean particle size that was 52 μm, and electrostatic interaction between wall materials was illustrated by Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy. The microspheres had appropriate encapsulation efficiency (44.54 ± 0.06%). Complete release of Spirulina from the microcapsules was observed in simulated intestinal fluid, which is favorable for Lactobacillus growth in human intestinal tract. Encapsulation caused meaningful differences in colorimetric factors, markedly in L*. Moreover, free and MS were added to yogurt samples, and the results showed that the physicochemical properties (pH, color, viscosity, water holding capacity and susceptibility to syneresis) and sensorial assessment of MS yogurt were positively affected. During the storage, MS yogurt had higher pH value than the others; furthermore, it showed the lowest syneresis and a constant increase in viscosity. Finally, the sensory evaluation results of MS yogurt, in comparison with the free form of Spirulina utilization, indicated improved acceptance of the produced functional food. CONCLUSION Results showed an obvious impact of encapsulation on the physicochemical properties of yogurt containing MS. The sensory evaluation showed that encapsulation could generally enhance the customer's satisfaction. It can be stated that masking microalgae color and flavor by microencapsulation could be used for dairy products fortification by microalgae. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Nourmohammadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Sabihe Soleimanian-Zad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
- Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Hajar Shekarchizadeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
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