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Wang X, Zhao L, Wang Y, Xu Z, Wu X, Liao X. A new Leuconostoc citreum strain discovered in the traditional sweet potato sour liquid fermentation as a novel bioflocculant for highly efficient starch production. Food Res Int 2021; 144:110327. [PMID: 34053531 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sour liquid fermentation is commonly used in the sedimentation process of traditional starch production, where bacteria play a critical role in starch flocculation. In this study, the dynamic changes of bacterial compositions during sweet potato sour liquid (SPSL) fermentation were profiled using the single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing, unveiling that Leuconostoc citreum, Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis, and Lactobacillus plantarum were the dominant microorganisms in the process, and Leuconostoc citreum exhibited a strong positive correlation with starch flocculation rate (FR). In total, 75 lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains were isolated from the SPSL, but only 7 of them caused starch flocculation. For the first time, Leuconostoc citreum strains were reported with excellent starch-flocculating abilities (up to 55.56% FR in 20 min), which might be attributed to their ability to connect starch granules through the cell surface to form large aggregation. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the bacterial dynamics in SPSL fermentation at the species level. A starch flocculation yield of 93.63% was achieved within 1 h by using the newly discovered Leuconostoc citreum SJ-57. The time required for total starch sedimentation was reduced from 10 h to 4 h, compared with the traditional process. These results suggest that this novel bioflocculant is more suitable for modernizing the traditional SPSL fermentation process and achieving rapid and highly efficient starch sedimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Agricultural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Wang X, Wang J, Liu H, Zhao L, Wang Y, Wu X, Liao X. Improving the production efficiency of sweet potato starch using a newly designed sedimentation tank during starch sedimentation process. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non‐thermal Processing China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non‐thermal Processing China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Haihua Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non‐thermal Processing China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non‐thermal Processing China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non‐thermal Processing China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Xiaomeng Wu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non‐thermal Processing China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit & Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non‐thermal Processing China Agricultural University Beijing China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthChina Agricultural University Beijing China
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Xu Y, Tian Y, Cao Y, Li J, Guo H, Su Y, Tian Y, Wang C, Wang T, Zhang L. Probiotic Properties of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L1 and Its Growth Performance-Promotion in Chicken by Improving the Intestinal Microflora. Front Physiol 2019; 10:937. [PMID: 31404251 PMCID: PMC6670285 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei L1 was previously isolated from sweet potato sour liquid. This bacterial species specifically binds onto starch granular surfaces, triggering the enzymatic hydrolysis of raw starch. We investigated the functional and safety properties of strain L1 in vitro to establish its probiotic potential, and analyzed its effect on growth performance and intestinal microflora of chicken in feeding experiments. The optimal growth conditions of strain L1 included low pH and high concentrations of bile salts and NaCl. Its 1-, 2-, and 24-h autoaggregation values were 15.8 ± 1.2%, 20.4 ± 2.3%, and 47.2 ± 0.8%, respectively, with the surface hydrophobicity value at 560 nm of 38.1 ± 2.7%. Further, its adhesion rate to Caco-2 cells was 22.37 ± 1.44%. Strain L1 was resistant to erythromycin and azithromycin, but sensitive to other antibiotics tested. For the feeding experiments, 240 chickens with similar weights were randomly divided into a control (C) group and strain L1 (L) group and fed for 8 weeks. Strain L1 promoted the weight gain of chickens in L group. A significant increase in the population size of the two phyla and 23 genera in the small intestine was observed in the presence of strain L1 (P < 0.05), with 0 phyla and 4 genera showing significant increase in the cecum (P < 0.05). In the small intestine, the abundance of six functional genes at Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) level 2 and 49 genes at KEGG level 3 was significantly increased in group L (P < 0.05), with lesser changes noted in the cecum. An increase in the metabolic pathway functions, including enzyme families and the digestive system, was observed in the intestinal microbiota in the L group compared to the C group. However, the other metabolic pathway functions, including metabolism of fatty acid biosynthesis, as well as metabolism of glycerolipids and propanoate, increased in the cecal microbiota of the L group relative to the C group. These changes are most likely related to the changes in the gut microbiota composition. Collectively, strain L1 supplementation may promote growth performance and improve the intestinal microflora in chicken although further studies are needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yunfang Cao
- Tianwang Animal Health Supervision Institute, Jinzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Haonan Guo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Su
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yumin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Xu Y, Ye Q, Zhang H, Yu Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Zhang L. Naturally Fermented Acid Slurry of Soy Whey: High-Throughput Sequencing-Based Characterization of Microbial Flora and Mechanism of Tofu Coagulation. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1088. [PMID: 31139176 PMCID: PMC6527785 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tofu processing generates large quantities of whey as waste water. Although naturally fermented whey serves as a coagulant, the critical constituents remain unknown. High-throughput sequencing identified predominant Lactobacillus in the naturally fermented acid slurry. Lactobacillus casei YQ336 with high coagulating ability and lactic acid production was isolated and its soy protein coagulating mechanism was determined. The acid in YQ336 fermented acid slurry lowered soy milk pH and reduced negatively charged groups of denatured soy protein, leading to coagulation. Acid slurry metal ions also promoted pH decline; moreover, YQ336-produced protease might partially hydrolyse soy protein, further promoting coagulation. Thus, organic acids, metal ions, and enzymes together promote coagulation, with the former acting as the main contributing factor. This study will pave the way for future industrial application of L. casei YQ336 in acid slurry tofu processing and food manufacturing, thereby potentially reducing resource waste and environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huajiang Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Xu Y, Yu Y, Tian Y, Su Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Zhu H, Han J, Zhang H, Liu L, Zhang L. Analysis of Beijing Douzhir Microbiota by High-Throughput Sequencing and Isolation of Acidogenic, Starch-Flocculating Strains. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1142. [PMID: 29896188 PMCID: PMC5987674 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Beijing Douzhir is a traditional Chinese fermented drink produced by the natural fermentation of mung beans as the raw material. Ma tofu is an edible by-product of Douzhir processing. Douzhir microbiota, particularly bacteria involved in the natural fermentation process, has not been clearly established, resulting in limited industrial Douzhir production. Here, three uncooked Douzhir samples (D group) and three uncooked Ma tofu samples (M group) (two replicates per sample) were collected from three manufacturers in different locations in Beijing. The composition and diversity of the bacterial communities in each sample were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. In total, 637 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were revealed in the D group through database alignment, and 656 OTUs were found in the M group. The Chao, ACE, and Shannon indices were not significantly different in Douzhir samples from different manufacturers (p > 0.05). Representatives of six phyla were found in all 12 samples. Dominant bacteria were isolated and identified using mung bean juice as the growth medium. In both Douzhir and Ma tofu samples, dominant bacteria belonging to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria comprised > 94% of the total microbiota. The dominant bacteria included members of the Lactococcus, Acetobacter, Streptococcus, and Lactobacillus genera. Considering the dominant-microbiota information, we employed a plate-separation technique and isolated two strains of acid-producing bacteria from the Douzhir and Ma tofu samples with starch-flocculating activity: Acetobacter indonesiensis and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. Such strains can serve as a foundation for the standardized industrial production of Douzhir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yumin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Su
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jie Han
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huajiang Zhang
- School of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Liying Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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