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Petrosyan K, Thijs S, Piwowarczyk R, Ruraż K, Kaca W, Vangronsveld J. Diversity and potential plant growth promoting capacity of seed endophytic bacteria of the holoparasite Cistanche phelypaea (Orobanchaceae). Sci Rep 2023; 13:11835. [PMID: 37481658 PMCID: PMC10363106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt marshes are highly dynamic, biologically diverse ecosystems with a broad range of ecological functions. We investigated the endophytic bacterial community of surface sterilized seeds of the holoparasitic Cistanche phelypaea growing in coastal salt marshes of the Iberian Peninsula in Portugal. C. phelypaea is the only representative of the genus Cistanche that was reported in such habitat. Using high-throughput sequencing methods, 23 bacterial phyla and 263 different OTUs on genus level were found. Bacterial strains belonging to phyla Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota were dominating. Also some newly classified or undiscovered bacterial phyla, unclassified and unexplored taxonomic groups, symbiotic Archaea groups inhabited the C. phelypaea seeds. γ-Proteobacteria was the most diverse phylogenetic group. Sixty-three bacterial strains belonging to Bacilli, Actinomycetes, α-, γ- and β-Proteobacteria and unclassified bacteria were isolated. We also investigated the in vitro PGP traits and salt tolerance of the isolates. Among the Actinobacteria, Micromonospora spp. showed the most promising endophytes in the seeds. Taken together, the results indicated that the seeds were inhabited by halotolerant bacterial strains that may play a role in mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on the host plant. In future research, these bacteria should be assessed as potential sources of novel and unique bioactive compounds or as novel bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Petrosyan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland.
- Environmental Biology Research Group, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Sofie Thijs
- Environmental Biology Research Group, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Renata Piwowarczyk
- Department of Environmental Biology, Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Karolina Ruraż
- Department of Environmental Biology, Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Wiesław Kaca
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Environmental Biology Research Group, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka, 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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Ahmed HFA, Seleiman MF, Al-Saif AM, Alshiekheid MA, Battaglia ML, Taha RS. Biological Control of Celery Powdery Mildew Disease Caused by Erysiphe heraclei DC In Vitro and In Vivo Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2342. [PMID: 34834704 PMCID: PMC8623452 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the potentiality of certain biocontrol agents, namely Bacillus subtilis, B. pumilus, B. megaterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens, Trichoderma album, T. harzianum and T. viride, as well as the synthetic fungicide difenoconazole to control celery powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe heraclei DC, in vitro (against conidia germination and germ tube length of E. heraclei) and in vivo (against disease severity and AUDPC). In vitro, it was found that the antifungal activity of the tested biocontrol agents significantly reduced the germination percentage of the conidia and germ tube length of the pathogen. The reduction in conidia germination ranged between 88.2% and 59.6% as a result of the treatment with B. subtilis and T. album, respectively compared with 97.1% by the synthetic fungicide difenoconazole. Moreover, the fungicide achieved the highest reduction in germ tube length (92.5%) followed by B. megaterium (82.0%), while T. album was the least effective (62.8%). Spraying celery plants with the tested biocontrol agents in the greenhouse significantly reduced powdery mildew severity, as well as the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of application. In this regard, B. subtilis was the most efficient followed by B. pumilus, S. marcescens and B. megaterium, with 80.1, 74.4, 73.2 and 70.5% reductions in disease severity, respectively. In AUDPC, reductions of those microorganisms were 285.3, 380.9, 396.7 and 431.8, respectively, compared to 1539.1 in the control treatment. On the other hand, the fungicide difenoconazole achieved maximum efficacy in reducing disease severity (84.7%) and lowest AUDPC (219.3) compared to the other treatments. In the field, all the applied biocontrol agents showed high efficiency in suppressing powdery mildew on celery plants, with a significant improvement in growth and yield characteristics. In addition, they caused an increase in the concentration of leaf pigments, and the activities of defense-related enzymes such as peroxidase (PO) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and total phenol content (TPC). In conclusion, the results showed the possibility of using tested biocontrol agents as eco-friendly alternatives to protect celery plants against powdery mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada F. A. Ahmed
- Department of Ornamental, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diseases, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza P.O. Box 12619, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud F. Seleiman
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adel M. Al-Saif
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maha A. Alshiekheid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Ragab S. Taha
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt;
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Calabon MS, Jones EBG, Promputtha I, Hyde KD. Fungal Biodiversity in Salt Marsh Ecosystems. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7080648. [PMID: 34436187 PMCID: PMC8399140 DOI: 10.3390/jof7080648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review brings together the research efforts on salt marsh fungi, including their geographical distribution and host association. A total of 486 taxa associated with different hosts in salt marsh ecosystems are listed in this review. The taxa belong to three phyla wherein Ascomycota dominates the taxa from salt marsh ecosystems accounting for 95.27% (463 taxa). The Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota constitute 19 taxa and four taxa, respectively. Dothideomycetes has the highest number of taxa, which comprises 47.12% (229 taxa), followed by Sordariomycetes with 167 taxa (34.36%). Pleosporales is the largest order with 178 taxa recorded. Twenty-seven genera under 11 families of halophytes were reviewed for its fungal associates. Juncus roemerianus has been extensively studied for its associates with 162 documented taxa followed by Phragmites australis (137 taxa) and Spartina alterniflora (79 taxa). The highest number of salt marsh fungi have been recorded from Atlantic Ocean countries wherein the USA had the highest number of species recorded (232 taxa) followed by the UK (101 taxa), the Netherlands (74 taxa), and Argentina (51 taxa). China had the highest number of salt marsh fungi in the Pacific Ocean with 165 taxa reported, while in the Indian Ocean, India reported the highest taxa (16 taxa). Many salt marsh areas remain unexplored, especially those habitats in the Indian and Pacific Oceans areas that are hotspots of biodiversity and novel fungal taxa based on the exploration of various habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Calabon
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - E. B. Gareth Jones
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Innovative Institute of Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
- Correspondence:
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Lumibao CY, Bernik BM, Formel SK, Kandalepas D, Mighell KL, Pardue J, Van Bael SA, Blum MJ. Rhizosphere microbial communities reflect genotypic and trait variation in a salt marsh ecosystem engineer. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2020; 107:941-949. [PMID: 32533589 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE There is growing recognition that intraspecific genetic variation in plants can influence associated soil microbial communities, but the functional bridges linking plant genotype with microbial community structure are not well understood. This deficit is due in part to a prevailing focus on characterizing relationships between microbial communities and functional trait variation among plant species or across plant communities, rather than within a single species. METHODS We examined whether and how spatiotemporal variation in salt marsh rhizosphere microbial communities reflect plant provenance (genotypic variation) and associated trait variation within an ecosystem engineer, Spartina alterniflora. We planted S. alterniflora from four genetically distinct source populations in replicate sets of experimental plots across a shoreline in southeastern Louisiana, USA. After 2 years, we measured functional plant traits and profiled microbial communities. RESULTS Bacterial and fungal α-diversity and richness were significantly higher in winter than in summer and corresponded to plant trait variation associated with provenance. Notably, 20% of the variation in fungal community composition was explained by trait differences while bacterial community structure did not reflect plant provenance or trait variation. However, evidence was found suggesting that bacterial communities are indirectly shaped by the influence of plant provenance on soil physicochemical properties. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates that intraspecific genetic and corresponding trait variation in an ecosystem engineer can shape rhizosphere microbial communities, with fungal communities being more responsive than bacteria to the influence of plant provenance and associated trait variation. Our results highlight the potential relevance of plant intraspecific variation in plant-microbe-soil feedbacks shaping naturally depauperate ecosystems like salt marshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Y Lumibao
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Brittany M Bernik
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
- Tulane University, The ByWater Institute, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Stephen K Formel
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Demetra Kandalepas
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
- Tulane University, The ByWater Institute, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Kimberly L Mighell
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - John Pardue
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Sunshine A Van Bael
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Michael J Blum
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
- Tulane University, The ByWater Institute, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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Xiong YW, Ju XY, Li XW, Gong Y, Xu MJ, Zhang CM, Yuan B, Lv ZP, Qin S. Fermentation conditions optimization, purification, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides obtained from the plant growth-promoting endophytic actinobacterium Glutamicibacter halophytocola KLBMP 5180. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 153:1176-1185. [PMID: 31756484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an endophytic actinobacterium Glutamicibacter halophytocola KLBMP 5180, was investigated for the production and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides (EPSs). First, the suitable fermentation time, temperature, inoculation volume, pH value, and the carbon and nitrogen sources for EPSs production were obtained using the one variable at a time method (OVAT). Then, a central composition design was used for fermentation conditions optimization to obtain the maximum EPS yield. The optimal medium and condition were as follows: 100 mL broth in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, including 3.65 g/L maltose, 9.88 g/L malt extract, 3.40 g/L yeast extract, 1.41 g/L MnCl2, pH 7.5, culture temperature 28 °C, and 200 rpm for 7 days, which increased the yield of EPSs to 2.89 g/L. Two purified EPSs, 5180EPS-1 (MW 58.9 kDa) and 5180EPS-2 (10.5 kDa), comprising rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucose, glucuronic acid, xylose, and arabinose, were obtained for chemical analysis and antioxidant evaluation. The scavenging ability and reducing power of the superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals demonstrated the moderate in vitro antioxidant activities of the two EPSs, thus indicating their potential to be a new source of natural antioxidants. However, further structure elucidation and functional studies need to be continued.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Wei Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Xiu-Yun Ju
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Xue-Wei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Yuan Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Ming-Jie Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Chun-Mei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Bo Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Zuo-Peng Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Sheng Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province (KLBMP), School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China.
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Agrillo B, Mirino S, Tatè R, Gratino L, Gogliettino M, Cocca E, Tabli N, Nabti E, Palmieri G. An alternative biocontrol agent of soil-borne phytopathogens: A new antifungal compound produced by a plant growth promoting bacterium isolated from North Algeria. Microbiol Res 2019; 221:60-69. [PMID: 30825942 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria isolated from different environments can be exploited for biocontrol purposes by the identification of the molecules involved in the antifungal activity. The present study was aimed at investigating antifungal protein compounds purified from a previously identified plant growth promoting bacterium, Pseudomonas protegens N isolated from agricultural land in northern Algeria. Therefore, a novel protein was purified by chromatographic and ultrafiltration steps and its antifungal activity together with growth-inhibition mechanism was evaluated against different fungi by plate-based assays. In addition, stereomicroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed to explore the inhibition activity of the compound on spore germination processes. The protein, showing a molecular mass of about 100 kDa under native conditions, was revealed to be in the surface-membrane fraction and displayed an efficient activity against a variety of phytopathogenic fungi, being Alternaria the best target towards which it exhibited a marked fungicidal action and inhibition of spore germination. Moreover, the compound was able to significantly decrease fungal infection on tomato fruits producing also morphological aberrations on conidia. The obtained results suggested that the isolated compound could represent a promising agent for eco-friendly management of plant pathogens in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Agrillo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy; Materias S.r.l., Corso N. Protopisani n. 50, 80146, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Mirino
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosarita Tatè
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorena Gratino
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Marta Gogliettino
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Ennio Cocca
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Nassira Tabli
- Laboratoire de Maitrise des Energies Renouvelables, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Elhafid Nabti
- Laboratoire de Maitrise des Energies Renouvelables, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Gianna Palmieri
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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