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Xu H, Liu C, Wang A, Yue B, Lin T, Ding M. Microalgae treatment of food processing wastewater for simultaneous biomass resource recycling and water reuse. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 369:122394. [PMID: 39241593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Food processing wastewater presents a considerable challenge for treatment owing to its elevated nitrogen and phosphorus levels. Nonetheless, it possesses inherent value attributed to its abundant nutrients and organic content. This study presents an innovative approach for treating food processing wastewater and reusing biomass. Initially, the secondary-treated wastewater undergoes flocculation and sedimentation, followed by reverse osmosis to ensure that the effluent meets reuse standards. Subsequently, reverse osmosis concentrates, generated at varying water recovery rates, are utilized for microalgae cultivation to recover nitrogen and phosphorus. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of reverse osmosis concentrates in reducing the water demand for microalgae cultivation and in producing commercial-grade nutrients. The findings reveal that reverse osmosis achieves removal rates exceeding 90 % for both nitrogen and phosphorus and effluent meets reuse standards. Following seven days of cultivation, microalgae cultured in reverse osmosis concentrated water with an 80 % water recovery rate demonstrate denitrification and phosphorus removal rates of 73.88 % and 80.92 % respectively, with a biomass concentration of 563 mg/L and a protein yield of 128 mg/L. Moreover, a total volumetric energy yield of 10.08 kJ/L is obtained, facilitating energy valorization. In conclusion, this study offers practical solutions for wastewater treatment and resource recovery, enabling the attainment of zero discharge of pollutants while generating valuable resources through microalgae cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Hohai University, SuZhou, 215100, China.
| | - Chen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Ao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Hohai University, SuZhou, 215100, China
| | - Baofeng Yue
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Mingmei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, 210098, China; Suzhou Research Institute, Hohai University, SuZhou, 215100, China.
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2
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Singh P, Mohanty SS, Mohanty K. Comprehensive assessment of microalgal-based treatment processes for dairy wastewater. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1425933. [PMID: 39165401 PMCID: PMC11333367 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1425933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The dairy industry is becoming one of the biggest sectors within the global food industry, and these industries use almost 34% of the water. The amount of water used is governed by the production process and the technologies employed in the plants. Consequently, the dairy industries generate almost 0.2-10 L of wastewater per liter of processed milk, which must be treated before being discharged into water bodies. The cultivation of microalgae in a mixotrophic regime using dairy wastewater enhances biomass growth, productivity, and the accumulation of value-added product. The generated biomass can be converted into biofuels, thus limiting the dependence on petroleum-based crude oil. To fulfill the algal biorefinery model, it is important to utilize every waste stream in a cascade loop. Additionally, the harvested water generated from algal biomass production can be recycled for further microalgal growth. Economic and sustainable wastewater management, along with proper reclamation of nutrients from dairy wastewater, is a promising approach to mitigate the problem of water scarcity. A bibliometric study revealing limited work on dairy wastewater treatment using microalgae for biofuel production. And, limited work is reported on the pretreatment of dairy wastewater via physicochemical methods before microalgal-based treatment. There are still significant gaps remains in large-scale cultivation processes. It is also crucial to discover robust strains that are highly compatible with the specific concentration of contaminants, as this will lead to increased yields and productivity for the targeted bio-product. Finally, research on reutilization of culture media in photobioreactor is necessary to augument the productivity of the entire process. Therefore, the incorporation of the microalgal biorefinery with the wastewater treatment concept has great potential for promoting ecological sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Satya Sundar Mohanty
- Division of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
| | - Kaustubha Mohanty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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3
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Kriechbaum R, Kronlachner L, Limbeck A, Kopp J, Spadiut O. Towards a circular economy - Repurposing side streams from the potato processing industry by Chlorella vulgaris. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121796. [PMID: 39008925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Common wastewater treatment strategies in the food industry do not include efficient remediation strategies for nitrogen, phosphorous and organic carbon. Incorporating microalgae in water treatment plants is rising in popularity because of their high nutrient and trace element uptake driven by light. In this study, four different side streams from an Austrian potato processing company have been screened for their applicability of microalgal cultivation. The side streams were assessed for Chlorella vulgaris growth and their requirement of any additional pretreatment or media supplementation. One side stream specifically, called blanching water II, a stream generated by boiling the potatoes for ease of peeling, turned out very useful to cultivate Chlorella vulgaris and concomitantly remedy the wastewater. Compared to a state-of-the-art cultivation in BG11, cultivating Chlorella vulgaris in blanching water II led to a 45 % increase in specific growth rate of 1.29 day-1 and a 48% increase in biomass productivity to 294.6 mg/L/day, while all nitrogen and phosphate present in the side stream were metabolized. Overall, the results demonstrate that the water remediation process for blanching water II shows vast potential in regard to water purification and waste to value approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Kriechbaum
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1a, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Laura Kronlachner
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Research Division of Instrumental and Imaging Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Andreas Limbeck
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Research Division of Instrumental and Imaging Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Julian Kopp
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1a, 1060, Wien, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1a, 1060, Wien, Austria.
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4
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Usai G, Cordara A, Mazzocchi E, Re A, Fino D, Pirri CF, Menin B. Coupling dairy wastewaters for nutritional balancing and water recycling: sustainable heterologous 2-phenylethanol production by engineered cyanobacteria. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1359032. [PMID: 38497052 PMCID: PMC10940361 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1359032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Microalgae biotechnology is hampered by the high production costs and the massive usage of water during large-volume cultivations. These drawbacks can be softened by the production of high-value compounds and by adopting metabolic engineering strategies to improve their performances and productivity. Today, the most sustainable approach is the exploitation of industrial wastewaters for microalgae cultivation, which couples valuable biomass production with water resource recovery. Among the food processing sectors, the dairy industry generates the largest volume of wastewaters through the manufacturing process. These effluents are typically rich in dissolved organic matter and nutrients, which make it a challenging and expensive waste stream for companies to manage. Nevertheless, these rich wastewaters represent an appealing resource for microalgal biotechnology. In this study, we propose a sustainable approach for high-value compound production from dairy wastewaters through cyanobacteria. This strategy is based on a metabolically engineered strain of the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (already published elsewhere) for 2-phenylethanol (2-PE). 2-PE is a high-value aromatic compound that is widely employed as a fragrance in the food and cosmetics industry thanks to its pleasant floral scent. First, we qualitatively assessed the impact of four dairy effluents on cyanobacterial growth to identify the most promising substrates. Both tank-washing water and the liquid effluent of exhausted sludge resulted as suitable nutrient sources. Thus, we created an ideal buffer system by combining the two wastewaters while simultaneously providing balanced nutrition and completely avoiding the need for fresh water. The combination of 75% liquid effluent of exhausted sludge and 25% tank-washing water with a fine-tuning ammonium supplementation yielded 180 mg L-1 of 2-PE and a biomass concentration of 0.6 gDW L-1 within 10 days. The mixture of 90% exhausted sludge and 10% washing water produced the highest yield of 2-PE (205 mg L-1) and biomass accumulation (0.7 gDW L-1), although in 16 days. Through these treatments, the phosphates were completely consumed, and nitrogen was removed in a range of 74%-77%. Overall, our approach significantly valorized water recycling and the exploitation of valuable wastewaters to circularly produce marketable compounds via microalgae biotechnology, laying a promising groundwork for subsequent implementation and scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Usai
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cordara
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering—DIATI, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Mazzocchi
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Angela Re
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Debora Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Department of Applied Science and Technology—DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Menin
- Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Turin, Italy
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IBBA-CNR, Milan, Italy
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5
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Singh V, Srivastava P, Mishra A. Design and modelling of photobioreactor for the treatment of carpet and textile effluent using Diplosphaera mucosa VSPA. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:235. [PMID: 37323856 PMCID: PMC10264336 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the potential of one less explored microalgae species, Diplosphaera mucosa VSPA, for treating carpet and textile effluent in a conventionally designed 10 L bubble column photobioreactor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal efficiency by microalgae in carpet effluent. To evaluate D. mucosa VSPA's potential, its growth and bioremediation efficacy were compared to those of a well-known strain, Chlorella pyrenoidosa. D. mucosa VSPA outperformed C. pyrenoidosa in both effluents, with the highest biomass concentration reaching 4.26 and 3.98 g/L in carpet and textile effluent, respectively. D. mucosa VSPA also remediated 94.0% of ammonium nitrogen, 71.6% of phosphate phosphorus, and 91.9% of chemical oxygen demand in carpet effluent, approximately 10% greater than that of C. pyrenoidosa. Both species also removed more than 65% of colour from both effluents, meeting the standard set by governing bodies. Microalgae growth and substrate removal patterns in the photobioreactor were simulated using photobiotreatment and the Gompertz model. Simulation results revealed that photobiotreatment was the better-fit model, concluded based on the coefficient of regression value and the second-order Akaike information criterion test. Modelling studies can assist in increasing the performance and scale-up of the photobioreactor. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03655-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India
| | | | - Abha Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT(BHU), Varanasi, India
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6
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Oliva G, Pahunang RR, Vigliotta G, Zarra T, Ballesteros FC, Mariniello A, Buonerba A, Belgiorno V, Naddeo V. Advanced treatment of toluene emissions with a cutting-edge algal bacterial photo-bioreactor: Performance assessment in a circular economy perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163005. [PMID: 36965731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach for the treatment of VOCs (by using toluene used as a model compound) and the simultaneous conversion of carbon dioxide into valuable biomass has been investigated by using a combination of an activated sludge moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) and an algal photo-bioreactor (PBR). The first unit (MBBR, R1) promoted toluene removal up to 99.9 % for inlet load (IL) of 119.91 g m-3 d-1. The CO2 resulting from the degradation of toluene was then fixed in PBR (R2), with a fixation rate up to 95.8 %. The CO2 uptake was promoted by algae, with average production of algal biomass in Stage VI of 1.3 g L-1 d-1. In the contest of the circular economy, alternative sources of nutrients have been assessed, using synthetic urban wastewater (UWW) and dairy wastewater (DWW) for liquid renewal. The produced biomass with DWW showed a high lipid content, with a maximum productivity of 450.25 mg of lipids L-1 d-1. The solution proposed may be thus regarded as a sustainable and profitable strategy for VOCs treatment in a circular economy perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Oliva
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Rekich R Pahunang
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Environmental Engineering, Western Mindanao State University, Normal Rd., Zamboanga, 7000, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines
| | - Giovanni Vigliotta
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Tiziano Zarra
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Florencio C Ballesteros
- Environmental Engineering Program, National Graduate School of Engineering, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Aniello Mariniello
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Antonio Buonerba
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Belgiorno
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
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7
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Paulenco A, Vintila ACN, Vlaicu A, Ciltea-Udrescu M, Galan AM. Nannochloris sp. Microalgae Strain for Treatment of Dairy Wastewaters. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1469. [PMID: 37374971 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on a process for dairy wastewater treatment by mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae Nannochloris sp., using cheese whey obtained as a side flow from cheese production as an organic carbon source. The microalgae samples were prepared by adding to the standard growth medium increasing amounts of cheese whey, calculated to ensure a lactose concentration between 0 and 10 g/L. The samples were incubated at a constant temperature of 28 °C and 175 rpm stirring speed for a total time of seven days. Two LED (Light Emitting Diode) illumination schemes were applied in order to assess the effect of this parameter on microalgae development and bioactive compound accumulation: continuous illumination (light stress) versus alternative cycles of 12 h light-12 h dark (day-night cycle). The growth medium was analyzed before and after microalgae cultivation in order to determine the reduction of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The results obtained for this process, after a seven-day cultivation period, were as follows: reduction of 99-100% of lactose from the growth medium, up to 96% reduction in chemical oxygen demand, up to 91% reduction in nitrogen content, and up to 70% reduction in phosphorus content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Paulenco
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alin Cristian Nicolae Vintila
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Vlaicu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Ciltea-Udrescu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Galan
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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8
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Yang R, Wang Q, Luo X, Wei D. High-efficient nitrate conversion to protein and chlorophylls from synthetic wastewater by mixotrophic Chlorella pyrenoidosa. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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9
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Sharma S, Kant A, Sevda S, Aminabhavi TM, Garlapati VK. A waste-based circular economy approach for phycoremediation of X-ray developer solution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120530. [PMID: 36341826 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A waste-based circular economy approach is proposed for the phycoremediation of an X-ray developer (XD) solution. The present study emphasizes the utilization of food waste (FW) and agri-compost media (ACM) as growth media for D. armatus for the subsequent bioremediation potential of XD solution-coupled lipid production. A 3:1 dilution (FW/ACM: XD.) was found to be suitable for the phycoremediation study of XD solution towards the % removal of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and silver. The phycoremediation studies of diluted XD solution in FW demonstrated a 74.50% BOD removal, 81.69% COD removal, and 54.70% removal of silver. The growth of D. armatus in diluted XD solution in food waste was 1.37% lipid content. The phycoremediation of diluted XD solution with ACM resulted in 83.05% BOD removal, 88.88% COD removal and 56.30% silver removal with the concomitant lipid production of 1.42%. The optimal bioremediation coupled lipid production of D. armatus was observed on the 19th day of D. armatus cultivation in the developer effluent, along with food waste and agri-compost media, for 31 days. The study suggests a sustainable utilization of waste (FW and ACM) as a nutritive medium to scrutinize the phycoremediation of XD solution with a concomitant lipid production that can open up new avenues in phycoremediation coupled energy commodities production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information and Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 234, India
| | - Anil Kant
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information and Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 234, India
| | - Surajbhan Sevda
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana, 506 004, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580 031, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Garlapati
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information and Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 234, India.
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10
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Rana MS, Prajapati SK. Mixotrophic microalgal-biofilm reactor augmenting biomass and biofuel productivity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 356:127306. [PMID: 35569716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to evaluate the mixotrophic growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa in a microalgal-biofilm reactor (MBR) using waste glycerol as an organic carbon source. The biomass productivity of C. pyrenoidosa (10.14 g m-2 d-1) under the mixotrophic mode was remarkably higher than that observed during the phototrophic mode (4.16 g m-2 d-1), under similar incubation conditions. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 d was found optimal for the higher productivity of microalgae in the MBR. Notably, based on biofuel quality, mixotrophically grown microalgal biomass was noted to have better suitability for biomethane production compared to biodiesel. Besides, up to 98.09, 75.74, and 55.86% removal of phosphate, nitrate, and COD, respectively, was recorded within 6 d under mixotrophic growth. Overall, the present findings magnificently demonstrate the efficient recycling of waste glycerol for higher biomass production coupled with phycoremediation using mixotrophic MBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Singh Rana
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Environment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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11
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Sharma R, Mishra A, Pant D, Malaviya P. Recent advances in microalgae-based remediation of industrial and non-industrial wastewaters with simultaneous recovery of value-added products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126129. [PMID: 34655783 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability of microalgae to grow in a broad spectrum of wastewaters manifests great potentials for removing contaminants from effluents of industries and urban areas. Since the post-treatment microalgae biomass is also a significant source of high-value products, microalgae-based wastewater treatment is an economical and sustainable solution to wastewater management. Adding more value, the integration of microalgae with living/non-living materials looks more promising. Microalgae-based treatment technology has certain limitations like high operational costs, problematic harvesting, large land requirements, and hindrance in photosynthesis due to turbid wastewater. These challenges need to be essentially addressed to achieve enhanced wastewater remediation. This review has highlighted the potential applications of microalgae in contaminant removal from wastewaters, simultaneous resource recovery, efficient microalgae-based hybrid systems along with bottlenecks and prospects. This state-of-the-art article will edify the role of microalgae in wastewater remediation, biomass valorization for bio-based products, and present numerous possibilities in strengthening the circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozi Sharma
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Arti Mishra
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida-201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Pant
- Separation & Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium
| | - Piyush Malaviya
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Jammu, Jammu-180006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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12
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Mohseni A, Fan L, Roddick FA. Impact of microalgae species and solution salinity on algal treatment of wastewater reverse osmosis concentrate. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131487. [PMID: 34273703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Six common microalgal species, including freshwater microalgae Scenedesmus abundans, Chlorella vulgaris, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Coelastrum microporum, and marine microalgae Nannochloropsis salina and Dunaliella tertiolecta, were tested in batch treatment to identify the most promising species for remediating a municipal wastewater reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC). Selected species were then studied at different ROC salinity levels (5, 10, and 15 g TDS/L) in semi-continuous treatment to evaluate their potential for nutrient remediation, and biogas production through anaerobic digestion. S. abundans, C. vulgaris, and N. salina showed higher potential for growth and nutrient remediation under salinity stress. Further tests revealed that N. salina adapted well to ROC conditions, and S. abundans could grow better and had higher tolerance to the elevated salinity than C. vulgaris. S. abundans and N. salina performed better for removing nutrients and organic matter (11.5-18 mg/L/d TN, 7.1-8.2 mg/L/d TP, and 8.6-12.4 mg/L/d DOC). Increasing salinity led to growth inhibition and N uptake reduction for freshwater species but had no significant effect on TP removal. Biochemical methane potential tests showed the algal biomass produced a significant amount of methane (e.g., up to 422 mL CH4/g VS for N. salina), suggesting the algae generated from the ROC treatment could produce significant amounts of energy through anaerobic digestion without the need for pretreatment. This study showed the environmental and economic potential of the algal system for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Mohseni
- WETT Research Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Linhua Fan
- WETT Research Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia.
| | - Felicity A Roddick
- WETT Research Centre, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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Silambarasan S, Logeswari P, Sivaramakrishnan R, Kamaraj B, Lan Chi NT, Cornejo P. Cultivation of Nostoc sp. LS04 in municipal wastewater for biodiesel production and their deoiled biomass cellular extracts as biostimulants for Lactuca sativa growth improvement. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130644. [PMID: 33965865 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, seven different cyanobacteria (LS01-LS07) were isolated from paddy field water and among them, the isolate LS04 was able to grow well on municipal wastewater. The LS04 isolate was identified as Nostoc sp. (designated as Nostoc sp. LS04) based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Strain LS04 grew well in 75% wastewater and had the greatest nutrients removal efficiency (81.02-95.17%). Strain LS04 obtained the higher biomass (1.31 ± 0.08 g L-1) and productivity of 131.33 ± 8.08 mg L-1 d-1. The lipid content and productivity of LS04 were 14.85 ± 0.86% (dry cell weight) and 19.46 ± 0.05 mg L-1 d-1, respectively. The high proportion of C16-C18 fatty acids found in the lipids of LS04 indicated the high suitability for biodiesel production. In addition, Nostoc sp. LS04 cellular extracts were potentially used as a biostimulant for Lactuca sativa cultivation. The foliar application of 60% LS04 cellular extracts showed the maximum shoot length, root length, fresh biomass, dry biomass, Chl a, Chl b and carotenoids in lettuce plants compared to control plants. Similarly, 60% of LS04 cellular extracts treatment improved the concentrations of macro and micronutrients, and biochemical compounds in the leaves. Therefore, these results reveal that the Nostoc sp. LS04 is a promising candidate for the nutrients removal from wastewater and their biomass is a potential resource for biodiesel production and biostimulant for sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivagnanam Silambarasan
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Peter Logeswari
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ramachandran Sivaramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Cyanobacterial Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Balu Kamaraj
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación en Micorrizas y Sustentabilidad Agroambiental, CIMYSA, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
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Nishshanka GKSH, Liyanaarachchi VC, Premaratne M, Ariyadasa TU, Nimarshana PHV. Sustainable cultivation of
Haematococcus pluvialis
and
Chromochloris zofingiensis
for the production of astaxanthin and co‐products. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. K. S. H. Nishshanka
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
| | - V. C. Liyanaarachchi
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
| | - Malith Premaratne
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
| | - Thilini U. Ariyadasa
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
| | - P. H. V. Nimarshana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa Sri Lanka
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Sarma S, Sharma S, Rudakiya D, Upadhyay J, Rathod V, Patel A, Narra M. Valorization of microalgae biomass into bioproducts promoting circular bioeconomy: a holistic approach of bioremediation and biorefinery. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:378. [PMID: 34367870 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02911-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for alternative source of fuel has demanded the cultivation of 3rd generation feedstock which includes microalgae, seaweed and cyanobacteria. These phototrophic organisms are unique in a sense that they utilise natural sources like sunlight, water and CO2 for their growth and metabolism thereby producing diverse products that can be processed to produce biofuel, biochemical, nutraceuticals, feed, biofertilizer and other value added products. But due to low biomass productivity and high harvesting cost, microalgae-based production have not received much attention. Therefore, this review provides the state of the art of the microalgae based biorefinery approach to define an economical and sustainable process. The three major segments that need to be considered for economic microalgae biorefinery is low cost nutrient source, efficient harvesting methods and production of by-products with high market value. This review has outlined the use of various wastewater as nutrient source for simultaneous biomass production and bioremediation. Further, it has highlighted the common harvesting methods used for microalgae and also described various products from both raw biomass and delipidified microalgae residues in order to establish a sustainable, economical microalgae biorefinery with a touch of circular bioeconomy. This review has also discussed various challenges to be considered followed by a techno-economic analysis of the microalgae based biorefinery model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamali Sarma
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Shaishav Sharma
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Darshan Rudakiya
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Jinal Upadhyay
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Vinod Rathod
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Aesha Patel
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
| | - Madhuri Narra
- Bioconversion Technology Division, Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Post Box No. 2, Anand, Gujarat 388120 India
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Biswas T, Bhushan S, Prajapati SK, Ray Chaudhuri S. An eco-friendly strategy for dairy wastewater remediation with high lipid microalgae-bacterial biomass production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 286:112196. [PMID: 33639423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study attempts to integrate phyco-remediation and enhanced lipid productivity using microalgae-bacterial consortium enriched from wastewater fed aquaculture pond. Metagenomic analyses and microscopic images of the consortium revealed the presence of Chlorella variabilis, Parachlorella kessleri, Thermosynechococcus elongatus, Chlamydomonas, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Oscillatoriales, Synechocystis sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, Nostocales, Naviculales, Stramenopiles, other members of Chlorophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, and Chroococcales along with potential bacterial bioremediants. During a 30 days trial run (15 days stabilization and 14 days remediation studies) for phyco-remediation drastic reduction in the nutrient and COD content from the tested wastewater samples was seen. There was up to 93% and 87.2% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium concentration, respectively. Further, almost 100% removal of nitrates and phosphates from the dairy wastewater upon 48 h of treatment with polyculture under ambient temperature (25 ± 2 °C) with 6309 lux illumination and mild aeration, was observed for all the seven cycles. Interestingly, the nutrient and COD concentrations in the treated water were below the discharge standards as per Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) norms. In additions, biomass (reported as dry cell weight) was enhanced by 67% upon treatment with ammonia-rich dairy wastewater exhibiting 42% lipid, 55% carbohydrate, and 18.6% protein content enhancement. The polyculture mainly grown as attached biofilm to the surface, offered an easy harvesting and separation of grown biomass from the treated wastewater. Overall, dairy wastewater was found to be a potential nutrient source for microalgae-bacteria cultivation thereby making the treatment process sustainable and eco-friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tethi Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura West, 799022, India; Centre of Excellence in Environmental Technology and Management, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal, 741249, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihta, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India; Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Environment and Biofuel Research Lab (EBRL), Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Shaon Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura West, 799022, India.
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Revisiting nitrogen utilization in algae: A review on the process of regulation and assimilation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Enhancement of Biomass and Lipid Productivities of Scenedesmus sp. Cultivated in the Wastewater of the Dairy Industry. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8111458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are photoautotrophic microorganisms capable of producing compounds with potential bioenergetic applications as an alternative energy source due to the imminent exhaustion of fossil fuels, their impact on the environment, and the constant population increase. The mass cultivation of these microorganisms requires high concentrations of nutrients, which is not profitable if analytical grade culture media are used. A viable alternative is the use of agro-industrial wastewater, due to the metabolic flexibility of these microorganisms and their ability to take advantage of the nutrients present in these substrates. For the reasons mentioned above, the effect of the cultivation in wastewater from cheese processing on the growth parameters and biomass composition of Scenedesmus sp. was evaluated, and its nutrient removal capacity determined. A high lipid concentration was obtained in the cultures with the dairy effluent (507.81 ± 19.09 mg g−1) compared to the standard culture medium, while the growth parameters remained similar to the control medium. Scenedesmus sp. achieved high percentages of nutrient assimilation of the wastewater used (88.41% and 97.07% for nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively). With the results obtained, the feasibility of cultivating microalgae in agro-industrial wastewater as an alternative culture medium that induces the accumulation of compounds with potential bioenergetic applications was verified.
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19
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Patel AK, Joun J, Sim SJ. A sustainable mixotrophic microalgae cultivation from dairy wastes for carbon credit, bioremediation and lucrative biofuels. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123681. [PMID: 32562971 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, high CO2-emitting dairy industry obligated to treat waste and improve its carbon-footprints. Mixotrophic cultivation strategy (MCS) of microalgae enables to treat dairy wastes and mitigate CO2 for sustainable dairy economy. This study developed a biochemical process for organic whey with minimum dilution to avoid environmental burden. To make whey suitable for algae cultivation, it was pre-treated to remove polymers, unwanted solid fractions, opacity, and organic and inorganic overloads via acid hydrolysis, chemical flocculation and struvite formations with lowest dilution possible. 40% pretreated whey was most productive for biomass and lipid fractions respectively 4.54 and 1.80 gl-1 with daily productivities 0.50 and 0.20 gl-1d-1, however 25% to reach adequate treatment. Overall, biochemical treatment was effective to remove respectively 99.7 and 91-100% of organic and inorganic pollutants, however algal treatment alone exhibited maximum 92.6 and 48.5-98.4% removals from both treatment ratios which is promising finding of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Joun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Rana MS, Bhushan S, Prajapati SK. New insights on improved growth and biogas production potential of Chlorella pyrenoidosa through intermittent iron oxide nanoparticle supplementation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14119. [PMID: 32839563 PMCID: PMC7445271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the effect of α-Fe2O3-nanoparticles (IONPs) supplementation at varying doses (0, 10, 20 and, 30 mg L-1) at the intermittent stage (after 12th day of growth period) was studied on the growth and biogas production potential of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Significant enhancements in microalgae growth were observed with all the tested IONPs doses, the highest (2.94 ± 0.01 g L-1) being at 20 mg L-1. Consequently, the composition of the biomass was also improved. Based on the precedent determinations, theoretical chemical oxygen demand (CODth) as well as theoretical and stoichiometric methane potential (TMP, and SMP) were also estimated. The CODth, TMP, SMP values indicated IONPs efficacy for improving biogas productivity. Further, the biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was done for IONPs supplemented biomass. The BMP test revealed up to a 25.14% rise in biogas yield (605 mL g-1 VSfed) with 22.4% enhanced methane content for 30 mg L-1 IONPs supplemented biomass over control. Overall, at 30 mg L-1 IONPs supplementation, the cumulative enhancements in biomass, biogas, and methane content proffered a net rise of 98.63% in biomethane potential (≈ 2.86 × 104 m3 ha-1 year-1) compared to control. These findings reveal the potential of IONPs in improving microalgal biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Singh Rana
- Enviroment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Enviroment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.,Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58102, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati
- Enviroment and Biofuel Research Laboratory, Department of Hydro and Renewable Energy (HRED), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
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21
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Brar A, Kumar M, Singh RP, Vivekanand V, Pareek N. Phycoremediation coupled biomethane production employing sewage wastewater: Energy balance and feasibility analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 308:123292. [PMID: 32278995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present work Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Scenedesmus abundans and Anabaena ambigua have been evaluated for their biomass, phycoremediation efficiency and biomethane production potential by cultivating them in the primary treated sewage waste water (PTSWW) under controlled conditions. By the end of 25-day experiment, up to 52-88% reduction was observed in the nutrient concentration from the 3:1 ratio of PTSWW. Co-digestion of microalgal biomass (dry) with cow dung was performed to estimate biomethane potential. Biogas yield of 618-925 ml g-1 VS with 48-65% of methane content was obtained employing the microalgal species cultivated in PTSWW. Microalgae appeared notably competent at nutrient sequestration from PTSWW with significant microalgal biomass productivity for biogas production. Energy balance studies revealed the feasibility of coupling the remediation with energy generation. High photosynthetic rate and biomass generation ability along with nutrient confiscation supports employment of microalgae as a potential next generation biofuel source with waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Brar
- Microbial Catalysis and Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305801, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Microbial Catalysis and Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305801, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajesh P Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - V Vivekanand
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nidhi Pareek
- Microbial Catalysis and Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer 305801, Rajasthan, India.
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Lu Y, Zhuo C, Li Y, Li H, Yang M, Xu D, He H. Evaluation of filamentous heterocystous cyanobacteria for integrated pig-farm biogas slurry treatment and bioenergy production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122418. [PMID: 31761632 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluates 36 filamentous heterocystous cyanobacteria for the treatment of biogas slurry from pig farm and the accumulation of biomass for bioenergy production. The results showed that only the strains B, J, and L were able to adapt to a 10% biogas slurry. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus for strains J and L were 92.46%-97.97%, 73.79%-79.90%, and 97.14%-98.46%, respectively, higher than that of strain B. Strain J had the highest biomass productivity and lipid productivity. Based on the biodiesel prediction results, it was concluded that strains J and L are more suitable for biodiesel production. The estimation of theoretical methane potential suggests that the algal biomass of strain J also have the desirable possibility of biogas generation. In summary, algal strain J (Nostoc sp.) offers great potential for biogas slurry treatment and for the production of bioenergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chen Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Qingyuan Polytechnic, Qingyuan 511510, China
| | - Huashou Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mengying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Danni Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongzhi He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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