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Mamun-Or-Rashid, Roknuzzaman ASM, Sarker R, Nayem J, Bhuiyan MA, Islam MR, Al Mahmud Z. Altered serum interleukin-17A and interleukin-23A levels may be associated with the pathophysiology and development of generalized anxiety disorder. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15097. [PMID: 38956309 PMCID: PMC11219773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent times, the pathogenesis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and the influence of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines on it have garnered considerable interest. Cytokine research, especially Th-17 cytokine research on GAD patients, is limited. Here, we aim to assess the role of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-23A (IL-23A) in the pathophysiology and development of GAD. This investigation included 50 GAD patients and 38 age-sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). A psychiatrist diagnosed patients with GAD and assessed symptom severity using the DSM-5 and the GAD-7 scales. The serum concentrations of IL-17A and IL-23A were determined using commercially available ELISA kits. GAD patients exhibited elevated levels of IL-17A (77.14 ± 58.30 pg/ml) and IL-23A (644.90 ± 296.70 pg/ml) compared to HCs (43.50 ± 25.54 pg/ml and 334.40 ± 176.0 pg/ml). We observed a positive correlation between disease severity and cytokine changes (IL-23A: r = 0.359, p = 0.039; IL-17A: r = 0.397, p = 0.032). These findings indicate that IL-17A and IL-23A may be associated with the pathophysiology of GAD. ROC analysis revealed moderately higher AUC values (IL-23A: 0.824 and IL-17A: 0.710), demonstrating their potential to discriminate between patients and HCs. Also, the sensitivity values of both cytokines were relatively higher (IL-23A: 80.49% and IL-17A: 77.27%). According to the present findings, there may be an association between peripheral serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23A and the pathophysiology and development of GAD. These altered serum IL-17A and IL-23A levels may play a role in directing the early risk of developing GAD. We recommend further research to ascertain their exact role in the pathophysiology and their performance as risk assessment markers of GAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamun-Or-Rashid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - A S M Roknuzzaman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Rapty Sarker
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Nayem
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Rabiul Islam
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Kha 224 Bir Uttam Rafiqul Islam Avenue, Progati Sarani, Merul Badda, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - Zobaer Al Mahmud
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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Lv S, Zhang G, Lu Y, Zhong X, Huang Y, Ma Y, Yan W, Teng J, Wei S. Pharmacological mechanism of natural antidepressants: The role of mitochondrial quality control. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155669. [PMID: 38696923 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a mental illness characterized by persistent sadness and a reduced capacity for pleasure. In clinical practice, SSRIs and other medications are commonly used for therapy, despite their various side effects. Natural products present distinct advantages, including synergistic interactions among multiple components and targeting multiple pathways, suggesting their tremendous potential in depression treatment. Imbalance in mitochondrial quality control (MQC) plays a significant role in the pathology of depression, emphasizing the importance of regulating MQC as a potential intervention strategy in addressing the onset and progression of depression. However, the role and mechanism through which natural products regulate MQC in depression treatments still need to be comprehensively elucidated, particularly in clinical and preclinical settings. PURPOSE This review was aimed to summarize the findings of recent studies and outline the pharmacological mechanisms by which natural products modulate MQC to exert antidepressant effects. Additionally, it evaluated current research limitations and proposed new strategies for future preclinical and clinical applications in the depression domain. METHODS To study the main pharmacological mechanisms underlying the regulation of MQC by natural products in the treatment of depression, we conducted a thorough search across databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases to classify and summarize the relationship between MQC and depression, as well as the regulatory mechanisms of natural products. RESULTS Numerous studies have shown that irregularities in the MQC system play an important role in the pathology of depression, and the regulation of the MQC system is involved in antidepressant treatments. Natural products mainly regulate the MQC system to induce antidepressant effects by alleviating oxidative stress, balancing ATP levels, promoting mitophagy, maintaining calcium homeostasis, optimizing mitochondrial dynamics, regulating mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We comprehensively summarized the regulation of natural products on the MQC system in antidepressants, providing a unique perspective for the application of natural products within antidepressant therapy. However, extensive efforts are imperative in clinical and preclinical investigations to delve deeper into the mechanisms underlying how antidepressant medications impact MQC, which is crucial for the development of effective antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Lv
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yitong Lu
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuexiang Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355,China
| | - Wei Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jing Teng
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Sheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; High Level Key Disciplines of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Brain Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine (PTMBD), Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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Houshyar M, Karimi H, Ghofrani-Jahromi Z, Nouri S, Vaseghi S. Crocin (bioactive compound of Crocus sativus L.) potently restores REM sleep deprivation-induced manic- and obsessive-compulsive-like behaviors in female rats. Behav Pharmacol 2024; 35:239-252. [PMID: 38567447 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (SD) can induce manic-like behaviors including hyperlocomotion. On the other hand, crocin (one of the main compounds of Crocus sativus L. or Saffron) may be beneficial in the improvement of mental and cognitive dysfunctions. Also, crocin can restore the deleterious effects of SD on mental and cognitive processes. In this study, we investigated the effect of REM SD on female rats' behaviors including depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, locomotion, pain perception, and obsessive-compulsive-like behavior, and also, the potential effect of crocin on REM SD effects. We used female rats because evidence on the role of REM SD in modulating psychological and behavioral functions of female (but not male) rats is limited. REM SD was induced for 14 days (6h/day), and crocin (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally. Open field test, forced swim test, hot plate test, and marble burying test were used to assess rats' behaviors. The results showed REM SD-induced manic-like behavior (hyperlocomotion). Also, REM SD rats showed decreased anxiety- and depression-like behavior, pain subthreshold (the duration it takes for the rat to feel pain), and showed obsessive compulsive-like behavior. However, crocin at all doses partially or fully reversed REM SD-induced behavioral changes. In conclusion, our results suggested the possible comorbidity of OCD and REM SD-induced manic-like behavior in female rats or the potential role of REM SD in the etiology of OCD, although more studies are needed. In contrast, crocin can be a possible therapeutic choice for decreasing manic-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Houshyar
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr
| | - Hanie Karimi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Zahra Ghofrani-Jahromi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
| | - Sarah Nouri
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
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Qin P, Sun Y, Li L. Mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic neuroinflammatory diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:47. [PMID: 38577947 PMCID: PMC10999227 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation serves a key role in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Mitochondria serve as central regulators of neuroinflammation. In addition to providing energy to cells, mitochondria also participate in the immunoinflammatory response of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis and epilepsy, by regulating processes such as cell death and inflammasome activation. Under inflammatory conditions, mitochondrial oxidative stress, epigenetics, mitochondrial dynamics and calcium homeostasis imbalance may serve as underlying regulatory mechanisms for these diseases. Therefore, investigating mechanisms related to mitochondrial dysfunction may result in therapeutic strategies against chronic neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The present review summarizes the mechanisms of mitochondria in chronic neuroinflammatory diseases and the current treatment approaches that target mitochondrial dysfunction in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Liya Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
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Kong L, Wang H, Yan N, Xu C, Chen Y, Zeng Y, Guo X, Lu J, Hu S. Effect of antipsychotics and mood stabilisers on metabolism in bipolar disorder: a network meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trials. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 71:102581. [PMID: 38618207 PMCID: PMC11015341 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Antipsychotics and mood stabilisers are gathering attention for the disturbance of metabolism. This network meta-analysis aims to evaluate and rank the metabolic effects of the commonly used antipsychotics and mood stabilisers in treating bipolar disorder (BD). Methods Registries including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Ovid, and Google Scholar were searched before February 15th, 2024, for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) applying antipsychotics or mood stabilisers for BD treatment. The observed outcomes were twelve metabolic indicators. The data were extracted by two reviewers independently, and confirmed by another four reviewers and a corresponding author. The above six reviewers all participated in data analyses. Data extraction was based on PRISMA guidelines, and quality assessment was conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook. Use a random effects model for data pooling. The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023466669. Findings Together, 5421 records were identified, and 41 publications with 11,678 complete-trial participants were confirmed eligible. After eliminating possible sensitivity, risperidone ranked 1st in elevating fasting serum glucose (SUCRA = 90.7%) and serum insulin (SUCRA = 96.6%). Lurasidone was most likely to elevate HbA1c (SUCRA = 82.1%). Olanzapine ranked 1st in elevating serum TC (SUCRA = 93.3%), TG (SUCRA = 89.6%), and LDL (SUCRA = 94.7%). Lamotrigine ranked 1st in reducing HDL (SUCRA = 82.6%). Amisulpride ranked 1st in elevating body weight (SUCRA = 100.0%). For subgroup analyses, quetiapine is more likely to affect indicators of glucose metabolism among male adult patients with bipolar mania, while long-term lurasidone tended to affect glucose metabolism among female patients with bipolar depression. Among patients under 18, divalproex tended to affect glucose metabolism, with lithium affecting lipid metabolism. In addition, most observed antipsychotics performed higher response and remission rates than placebo, and displayed a similar dropout rate with placebo, while no between-group significance of rate was observed among mood stabilisers. Interpretation Our findings suggest that overall, antipsychotics are effective in treating BD, while they are also more likely to disturb metabolism than mood stabilisers. Attention should be paid to individual applicability in clinical practice. The results put forward evidence-based information and clinical inspiration for drug compatibility and further research of the BD mechanism. Funding The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC2506200), and the Research Project of Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory (No. JNL-2023001B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhuo Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Shanghai Jing ‘an District Mental Health Centre, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chenyue Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yiqing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Hangzhou Medical College, School of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiaonan Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Psychiatry, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Centre for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- MOE Frontier Science Centre for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Psychiatry, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Centre for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- MOE Frontier Science Centre for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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Wu S, Hu H, Li Y, Ren Y. Exploring hub genes and crucial pathways linked to oxidative stress in bipolar disorder depressive episodes through bioinformatics analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1323527. [PMID: 38510807 PMCID: PMC10950934 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1323527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex and serious psychiatric condition primarily characterized by bipolar depression, with the underlying genetic determinants yet to be elucidated. There is a substantial body of literature linking psychiatric disorders, including BD, to oxidative stress (OS). Consequently, this study aims to assess the relationship between BD and OS by identifying key hub genes implicated in OS pathways. Methods We acquired gene microarray data from GSE5392 through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Our approach encompassed differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Network analysis to pinpoint hub genes associated with BD. Subsequently, we utilized Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to identify hub genes relevant to OS. To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these hub genes, we performed receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis on both GSE5388 and GSE5389 datasets. Furthermore, we conducted a study involving ten BD patients and ten healthy controls (HCs) who met the special criteria, assessing the expression levels of these hub genes in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results We identified 411 down-regulated genes and 69 up-regulated genes for further scrutiny. Through WGCNA, we obtained 22 co-expression modules, with the sienna3 module displaying the strongest association with BD. By integrating differential analysis with genes linked to OS, we identified 44 common genes. Subsequent PPI Network and WGCNA analyses confirmed three hub genes as potential biomarkers for BD. Functional enrichment pathway analysis revealed their involvement in neuronal signal transduction, oxidative phosphorylation, and metabolic obstacle pathways. Using the Cytoscape plugin "ClueGo assay," we determined that a majority of these targets regulate neuronal synaptic plasticity. ROC curve analysis underscored the excellent diagnostic value of these three hub genes. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR) results indicated significant changes in the expression of these hub genes in the PBMCs of BD patients compared to HCs. Conclusion We identified three hub genes (TAC1, MAP2K1, and MAP2K4) in BD associated with OS, potentially influencing the diagnosis and treatment of BD. Based on the GEO database, our study provides novel insights into the relationship between BD and OS, offering promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Ferber SG, Weller A, Soreq H. Boltzmann's Theorem Revisited: Inaccurate Time-to-Action Clocks in Affective Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1762-1777. [PMID: 38500272 PMCID: PMC11284727 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666240315100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Timely goal-oriented behavior is essential for survival and is shaped by experience. In this paper, a multileveled approach was employed, ranging from the polymorphic level through thermodynamic molecular, cellular, intracellular, extracellular, non-neuronal organelles and electrophysiological waves, attesting for signal variability. By adopting Boltzmann's theorem as a thermodynamic conceptualization of brain work, we found deviations from excitation-inhibition balance and wave decoupling, leading to wider signal variability in affective disorders compared to healthy individuals. Recent evidence shows that the overriding on-off design of clock genes paces the accuracy of the multilevel parallel sequencing clocks and that the accuracy of the time-to-action is more crucial for healthy behavioral reactions than their rapidity or delays. In affective disorders, the multilevel clocks run free and lack accuracy of responsivity to environmentally triggered time-to-action as the clock genes are not able to rescue mitochondria organelles from oxidative stress to produce environmentally-triggered energy that is required for the accurate time-to-action and maintenance of the thermodynamic equilibrium. This maintenance, in turn, is dependent on clock gene transcription of electron transporters, leading to higher signal variability and less signal accuracy in affective disorders. From a Boltzmannian thermodynamic and energy-production perspective, the option of reversibility to a healthier time-toaction, reducing entropy is implied. We employed logic gates to show deviations from healthy levelwise communication and the reversed conditions through compensations implying the role of nonneural cells and the extracellular matrix in return to excitation-inhibition balance and accuracy in the time-to-action signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Goldstein Ferber
- Psychology Department and The Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Aron Weller
- Psychology Department and The Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Späth Z, Tmava-Berisha A, Fellendorf FT, Stross T, Maget A, Platzer M, Bengesser SA, Häussl A, Zwigl I, Birner A, Queissner R, Stix K, Wels L, Lenger M, Dalkner N, Zelzer S, Herrmann M, Reininghaus EZ. Vitamin D Status in Bipolar Disorder. Nutrients 2023; 15:4752. [PMID: 38004146 PMCID: PMC10674170 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D status may impact acute affective symptomatology and the severity of symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Therefore, this cross-sectional study analyzed 25(OH)D, 24,25(OH)2D, and the vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) in BD and correlated the results with clinical affective symptomatology and functionality. The inactive precursor 25(OH)D, and its principal catabolite 24,25(OH)2D, were measured simultaneously with a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method in 170 BD outpatients and 138 healthy controls. VMR was calculated as follows: VMR = 100×(24,25(OH)2D/25(OH)D). The psychometric assessment comprised: Beck Depression Inventory-II, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Global Assessment of Functioning, and number of suicide attempts. We did not find a significant difference between patients and controls in the concentrations of 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D. Additionally, the VMR was comparable in both groups. The calculations for the clinical parameters showed a negative correlation between the Young Mania Rating Scale and 24,25(OH)2D (r = -0.154, p = 0.040), as well as the Young Mania Rating Scale and the VMR (r = -0.238, p = 0.015). Based on the small effect size and the predominantly euthymic sample, further exploration in individuals with manic symptoms would be needed to confirm this association. In addition, long-term clinical markers and an assessment in different phases of the disease may provide additional insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zita Späth
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Adelina Tmava-Berisha
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Frederike T. Fellendorf
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Tatjana Stross
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Alexander Maget
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Martina Platzer
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Susanne A. Bengesser
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Alfred Häussl
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Ina Zwigl
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Armin Birner
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Robert Queissner
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Katharina Stix
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Linda Wels
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Melanie Lenger
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Nina Dalkner
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (S.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Eva Z. Reininghaus
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (Z.S.); (F.T.F.); (T.S.); (A.M.); (M.P.); (S.A.B.); (A.H.); (I.Z.); (A.B.); (R.Q.); (K.S.); (L.W.); (M.L.); (N.D.); (E.Z.R.)
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9
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Ortega MA, Álvarez-Mon MA, García-Montero C, Fraile-Martínez Ó, Monserrat J, Martinez-Rozas L, Rodríguez-Jiménez R, Álvarez-Mon M, Lahera G. Microbiota-gut-brain axis mechanisms in the complex network of bipolar disorders: potential clinical implications and translational opportunities. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2645-2673. [PMID: 36707651 PMCID: PMC10615769 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorders (BD) represent a severe leading disabling mental condition worldwide characterized by episodic and often progressive mood fluctuations with manic and depressive stages. The biological mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of BD remain incompletely understood, but it seems that there is a complex picture of genetic and environmental factors implicated. Nowadays, gut microbiota is in the spotlight of new research related to this kind of psychiatric disorder, as it can be consistently related to several pathophysiological events observed in BD. In the context of the so-called microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, it is shown to have a strong influence on host neuromodulation and endocrine functions (i.e., controlling the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin or mediating the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis), as well as in modulation of host immune responses, critically regulating intestinal, systemic and brain inflammation (neuroinflammation). The present review aims to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms derived from the MGB axis disruption and possible therapeutic approaches mainly focusing on gut microbiota in the complex network of BD. Understanding the mechanisms of gut microbiota and its bidirectional communication with the immune and other systems can shed light on the discovery of new therapies for improving the clinical management of these patients. Besides, the effect of psychiatric drugs on gut microbiota currently used in BD patients, together with new therapeutical approaches targeting this ecosystem (dietary patterns, probiotics, prebiotics, and other novelties) will also be contemplated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel Angel Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Martinez-Rozas
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rodríguez-Jiménez
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health Research 12 de Octubre Hospital, (Imas 12)/CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias (CIBEREHD), Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Psychiatry Service, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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10
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Shen Y, Kong L, Lai J, Hu S. Shifting levels of peripheral inflammatory profiles as an indicator for comorbid multiple autoimmune diseases and bipolar disorder: a case report. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:375. [PMID: 37248479 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AID) cause inflammatory changes in the peripheral blood, which might be a predisposing factor for the development of comorbid bipolar disorder (BD). The levels of peripheral inflammatory indicators and cytokines may also serve as potential biomarkers for predicting BD susceptibility and the efficacy of antipsychotics in patients with AID. Herein, we present the case of a 43-year-old female who has suffered from AID for over 16 years and was recently diagnosed with "bipolar and related disorder due to another medical condition".
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lingzhuo Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianbo Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Brain Science and Brian Medicine, and MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Brain Science and Brian Medicine, and MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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11
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Does treatment with autophagy-enhancers and/or ROS-scavengers alleviate behavioral and neurochemical consequences of low-dose rotenone-induced mild mitochondrial dysfunction in mice? Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1667-1678. [PMID: 36690794 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01955-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar-disorder's pathophysiology and the mechanism by which medications exert their beneficial effect is yet unknown, but others' and our data implicate patients' brain mitochondrial-dysfunction and its amendment by mood-stabilizers. We recently designed a novel mouse bipolar-disorder-like model using chronic administration of a low-dose of the oxidative-phosphorylation complex I inhibitor, rotenone. Four and eight weeks rotenone treatment induced manic- and depressive-like behavior, respectively, accompanied by mood-related neurochemical changes. Here we aimed to investigate whether each of the autophagy-enhancers lithium (a mood-stabilizer), trehalose and resveratrol and/or each of the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavengers, resveratrol and N-acetylcystein and/or the combinations lithium+resveratrol or trehalose+N-acetylcystein, can ameliorate behavioral and neurochemical consequences of neuronal mild mitochondrial-dysfunction. We observed that lithium, trehalose and N-acetylcystein reversed rotenone-induced manic-like behavior as well as deviations in protein levels of mitochondrial complexes and the autophagy marker LC3-II. This raises the possibility that mild mitochondrial-dysfunction accompanied by impaired autophagy and a very mild increase in ROS levels are related to predisposition to manic-like behavior. On the other hand, although, as expected, most of the drugs tested eliminated the eight weeks rotenone-induced increase in protein levels of all hippocampal mitochondrial complexes, only lithium ubiquitously ameliorated the depressive-like behaviors. We cautiously deduce that aberrant autophagy and/or elevated ROS levels are not involved in predisposition to the depressive phase of bipolar-like behavior. Rather, that amending the depressive-like characteristics requires different mitochondria-related interventions. The latter might be antagonizing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), thus protecting from disruption of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and its detrimental consequences. In conclusion, our findings suggest that by-and-large, among the autophagy-enhancers and ROS-scavengers tested, lithium is the most effective in counteracting rotenone-induced changes. Trehalose and N-acetylcystein may also be effective in attenuating manic-like behavior.
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12
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Matutino Santos P, Pereira Campos G, Nascimento C. Endo-Lysosomal and Autophagy Pathway and Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Mood Disorders: A Review Article. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:133-151. [PMID: 36684613 PMCID: PMC9849791 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s376380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders are disabling conditions that cause significant functional impairment. Due to the clinical heterogeneity and complex nature of these disorders, diagnostic and treatment strategies face challenges. The etiology of mood disorders is multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental aspects that are associated with specific biological pathways including inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuroprotection. Alterations in these pathways may reduce the cell's ability to recover from stress conditions occurring during mood episodes. The endo-lysosomal and autophagy pathway (ELAP) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) play critical roles in protein homeostasis, impacting neuroplasticity and neurodevelopment. Thus, emerging evidence has suggested a role for these pathways in mental disorders. In the case of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), a deeper understanding in the role of ELAP and UPS has been critical to discover new treatment targets. Since it is suggested that NDDs and mood disorders share clinical symptomatology and risk factors, it has been hypothesized that there might be common underlying molecular pathways. Here, we review the importance of the ELAP and UPS for the central nervous system and for mood disorders. Finally, we discuss potential translational strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder associated with these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petala Matutino Santos
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (CMCC), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Pereira Campos
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition (CMCC), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Nascimento
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Lima DDD, Cyrino LAR, Ferreira GK, Magro DDD, Calegari CR, Cabral H, Cavichioli N, Ramos SA, Ullmann OM, Mayer Y, Pscheidt LC, Schramm MA, Tomasi MC, Stammerjohann FLS, Delmonego L, Packer MH, Fiamoncini H. Neuroinflammation and neuroprogression produced by oxidative stress in euthymic bipolar patients with different onset disease times. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16742. [PMID: 36202963 PMCID: PMC9537234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with systemic toxicity, represented by changes in biomarkers associated with mood episodes, leading to neurological damage, which may reflect cognitive functions and functionality and the progression of the disease. We aimed to analyze the effect of four biomarkers, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA-RS), related to oxidative stress in BD and to correlate them with cognitive functions and functionality. We studied 50 bipolar types I/II patients in the euthymic phase, which was divided into two subgroups with 25 patients each (≤ 3 years and ≥ 10 years of diagnosis, from the first episode of mania) and 25 control patients. To analyze frontal cognitive functions and functionality, we used the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) tests, respectively. The scores of the FAST and FAB tests showed an increase and decrease respectively, in both bipolar groups, when compared to the control group, demonstrating impairment in cognitive functions and functionality since the disease onset. In addition, changes occurred in all six domains of the FAST test, and in four domains of the FAB test in bipolar patients when compared to the control group. Regarding oxidative stress biomarkers, we did not find changes in SOD and GSH-Px activities; however, a significant increase in CAT activity and lipid peroxidation was observed in both groups, although the patients were euthymic and medicated. These results allow us to raise the hypothesis that since the beginning of the disease, the euthymic bipolar patient has presented a level of oxidative stress, which gets worse with the evolution of the disease, promoting impairments in the frontal cognitive functions and functionality gradually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Delwing-de Lima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde E Meio Ambiente, Universidade da Região de Joinville- UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil.,Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Luiz Arthur Rangel Cyrino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde E Meio Ambiente, Universidade da Região de Joinville- UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil. .,Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil. .,Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil.
| | - Gabriela Kozuchovski Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciência E Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade Sociedade Educacional de Santa Catarina UNISOCIESC, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Débora Delwing Dal Magro
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Centro de Ciências Exatas E Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, Blumenau, SC, CEP 89012-900, Brasil
| | - Claudia Regina Calegari
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, UNEATLANTICO, Calle Isabel Torres, 21, Santander, Spain
| | - Heloisi Cabral
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC CEP, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Natalia Cavichioli
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140, Blumenau, SC, CEP 89012-900, Brasil
| | - Silvia Aparecida Ramos
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Oliver Matheus Ullmann
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Yasmin Mayer
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Luana Carla Pscheidt
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Maria Augusta Schramm
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Maria Cecília Tomasi
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Felipe Luis Schmoller Stammerjohann
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Larissa Delmonego
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade da Região de Joinville UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Maria Helena Packer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde E Meio Ambiente, Universidade da Região de Joinville- UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
| | - Heloiza Fiamoncini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Saúde E Meio Ambiente, Universidade da Região de Joinville- UNIVILLE, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 10 - Zona Industrial Norte, Joinville, SC, CEP 89201-972, Brasil
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14
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Casaril AM, Katsalifis A, Schmidt RM, Bas-Orth C. Activated glia cells cause bioenergetic impairment of neurons that can be rescued by knock-down of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 608:45-51. [PMID: 35390671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of various neurological disorders including autoimmune-, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. In neuroinflammation, activated microglia and astrocytes release soluble mediators such as cytokines, glutamate, and reactive oxygen species that negatively affect neuronal function and viability, and thus contribute to neurodegeneration during disease progression. Therefore, the development of neuroprotective strategies might be important in addition to treating inflammation in these diseases. Mitochondria are promising cellular targets for neuroprotective interventions: They are among the first structures affected in many neuroinflammatory diseases, with mitochondrial impairment ranging from impaired respiratory activity and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential to mitochondrial oxidation and fragmentation. Therefore, we developed a cell culture model that resembles an early state of inflammation-induced neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction preceding neuronal cell death, and can be used to test mito- and neuroprotective strategies. Rat primary cortical neurons were challenged with conditioned medium from mixed primary cultures of rat microglia and astrocytes that had been activated with lipopolysaccharide and ATP. When sublethal amounts of glia-conditioned medium were added to neurons for 24 h, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels were decreased, whereas mitochondrial redox state remained unaffected. Effects on mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels were ameliorated by knock-down of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter in neurons. This study suggests that neuronal bioenergetic failure is an early event during neuroinflammation and it identifies the mitochondrial calcium uniporter as a candidate target for neuroprotection in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Casaril
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 307, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Athanasios Katsalifis
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 307, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rolf M Schmidt
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 307, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carlos Bas-Orth
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 307, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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15
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Madireddy S, Madireddy S. Therapeutic Interventions to Mitigate Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress–Induced Damage in Patients with Bipolar Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031844. [PMID: 35163764 PMCID: PMC8836876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by mood changes, including recurrent manic, hypomanic, and depressive episodes, which may involve mixed symptoms. Despite the progress in neurobiological research, the pathophysiology of BD has not been extensively described to date. Progress in the understanding of the neurobiology driving BD could help facilitate the discovery of therapeutic targets and biomarkers for its early detection. Oxidative stress (OS), which damages biomolecules and causes mitochondrial and dopamine system dysfunctions, is a persistent finding in patients with BD. Inflammation and immune dysfunction might also play a role in BD pathophysiology. Specific nutrient supplements (nutraceuticals) may target neurobiological pathways suggested to be perturbed in BD, such as inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and OS. Consequently, nutraceuticals may be used in the adjunctive treatment of BD. This paper summarizes the possible roles of OS, mitochondrial dysfunction, and immune system dysregulation in the onset of BD. It then discusses OS-mitigating strategies that may serve as therapeutic interventions for BD. It also analyzes the relationship between diet and BD as well as the use of nutritional interventions in the treatment of BD. In addition, it addresses the use of lithium therapy; novel antipsychotic agents, including clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, cariprazine, and quetiapine; and anti-inflammatory agents to treat BD. Furthermore, it reviews the efficacy of the most used therapies for BD, such as cognitive–behavioral therapy, bright light therapy, imagery-focused cognitive therapy, and electroconvulsive therapy. A better understanding of the roles of OS, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder, along with a stronger elucidation of the therapeutic functions of antioxidants, antipsychotics, anti-inflammatory agents, lithium therapy, and light therapies, may lead to improved strategies for the treatment and prevention of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahithi Madireddy
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Correspondence:
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16
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Zhang X, Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Fu X, Li Y, Cao D, Han J, Tong J. Helicid Improves Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis of C6 Cells by Regulating SH2D5 DNA Methylation via the CytC/Caspase9/Caspase3 Signaling Pathway. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:9242827. [PMID: 35173561 PMCID: PMC8820944 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9242827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is reportedly associated with stress responses and depression. Treatment with antidepressants can regulate DNA methylation and, subsequently, gene expression in the hippocampus. Hence, DNA methylation is a potential target for treatment of depression. Screening of high-throughput data of a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress revealed relatively low expression of SH2 domain-containing 5 (SH2D5). SH2D5 can be overexpressed by treatment with helicid. Therefore, in order to further explore the role of SH2D5 in depression and whether helicid mediates the DNA methylation of SH2D5 as a potential antidepressant role, SH2D5 was overexpressed in C6 cells as a lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced model of depression. The expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Bad, and Daxx, and changes to the CytC/caspase9/caspase3 signal pathway were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses. After treatment with helicid or silencing of SH2D5, the above indices were detected. The results showed that helicid regulated the CytC/caspase9/caspase3 signaling pathway and improved the apoptosis indices of C6 cells through the overexpression of SH2D5. Interestingly, silencing of SH2D5 reversed the effects of helicid on the above indices. Then, in order to study the underlying mechanism, the cells were administered to helicid or 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AzaD) and expression of SH2D5 was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses, while to assess the DNA methylation level of SH2D5 using bisulfite sequencing/PCR. The results showed that SH2D5 was hypermethylated with low expression in LPS-induced C6 cells, which was reversed by helicid and 5-AzaD. These results suggest that helicid may affect the CytC/caspase9/caspase3 apoptosis signaling pathway and improve the apoptosis indices by mediating DNA methylation of SH2D5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Mei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenyi Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | | | - Xiangjun Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Yanna Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Danping Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Han
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Southern Anhui, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Jiucui Tong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines, Southern Anhui, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
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Singh B, Romo-Nava F, Cuellar-Barboza AB. Editorial: Neurobiological Underpinnings of Bipolar Disorder and Its Treatment. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:726362. [PMID: 34421693 PMCID: PMC8377198 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.726362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Balwinder Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Francisco Romo-Nava
- Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Alfredo B Cuellar-Barboza
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
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