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De Simone G, Mazza B, Vellucci L, Barone A, Ciccarelli M, de Bartolomeis A. Schizophrenia Synaptic Pathology and Antipsychotic Treatment in the Framework of Oxidative and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Translational Highlights for the Clinics and Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040975. [PMID: 37107350 PMCID: PMC10135787 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a worldwide mental illness characterized by alterations at dopaminergic and glutamatergic synapses resulting in global dysconnectivity within and between brain networks. Impairments in inflammatory processes, mitochondrial functions, energy expenditure, and oxidative stress have been extensively associated with schizophrenia pathophysiology. Antipsychotics, the mainstay of schizophrenia pharmacological treatment and all sharing the common feature of dopamine D2 receptor occupancy, may affect antioxidant pathways as well as mitochondrial protein levels and gene expression. Here, we systematically reviewed the available evidence on antioxidants' mechanisms in antipsychotic action and the impact of first- and second-generation compounds on mitochondrial functions and oxidative stress. We further focused on clinical trials addressing the efficacy and tolerability of antioxidants as an augmentation strategy of antipsychotic treatment. EMBASE, Scopus, and Medline/PubMed databases were interrogated. The selection process was conducted in respect of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. Several mitochondrial proteins involved in cell viability, energy metabolism, and regulation of oxidative systems were reported to be significantly modified by antipsychotic treatment with differences between first- and second-generation drugs. Finally, antioxidants may affect cognitive and psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, and although the evidence is only preliminary, the results indicate that further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe De Simone
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazza
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Licia Vellucci
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annarita Barone
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Ciccarelli
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea de Bartolomeis
- Section of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Translational and Molecular Psychiatry and Unit of Treatment-Resistant Psychosis, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University Medical School of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
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2
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Goyal MS, Blazey T, Metcalf NV, McAvoy MP, Strain JF, Rahmani M, Durbin TJ, Xiong C, Benzinger TLS, Morris JC, Raichle ME, Vlassenko AG. Brain aerobic glycolysis and resilience in Alzheimer disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2212256120. [PMID: 36745794 PMCID: PMC9963219 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212256120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution of brain aerobic glycolysis (AG) in normal young adults correlates spatially with amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition in individuals with symptomatic and preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD). Brain AG decreases with age, but the functional significance of this decrease with regard to the development of AD symptomatology is poorly understood. Using PET measurements of regional blood flow, oxygen consumption, and glucose utilization-from which we derive AG-we find that cognitive impairment is strongly associated with loss of the typical youthful pattern of AG. In contrast, amyloid positivity without cognitive impairment was associated with preservation of youthful brain AG, which was even higher than that seen in cognitively unimpaired, amyloid negative adults. Similar findings were not seen for blood flow nor oxygen consumption. Finally, in cognitively unimpaired adults, white matter hyperintensity burden was found to be specifically associated with decreased youthful brain AG. Our results suggest that AG may have a role in the resilience and/or response to early stages of amyloid pathology and that age-related white matter disease may impair this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu S. Goyal
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63108
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Tyler Blazey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Nicholas V. Metcalf
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Mark P. McAvoy
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63108
| | - Jeremy F. Strain
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Maryam Rahmani
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Tony J. Durbin
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63108
| | - Tammie L.-S. Benzinger
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63108
| | - John C. Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63108
| | - Marcus E. Raichle
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63108
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63130
- Department of Psychology & Brain Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63130
| | - Andrei G. Vlassenko
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Neuroimaging Labs Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63108
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3
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Khan MM, Parikh V. Prospects for Neurotrophic Factor-Based Early Intervention in Schizophrenia: Lessons Learned from the Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs on Cognition, Neurogenesis, and Neurotrophic Factors. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2023; 22:289-303. [PMID: 35366786 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220401124151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although reducing psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia has been a major focus of therapeutic interventions for decades, improving cognition is considered a better predictor of functional outcomes. However, the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs (APDs) show only marginal beneficial effects on cognition in patients with schizophrenia. The neural mechanisms underlying cognitive disturbances in schizophrenia remain unknown that making drug development efforts very challenging. Since neurotrophic factors are the primary architects of neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory, the findings from preclinical and clinical studies that assess changes in neurogenesis and neurotrophic factors and their relationship to cognitive performance in schizophrenia, and how these mechanisms might be impacted by APD treatment, may provide valuable clues in developing therapies to combat cognitive deficit in schizophrenia. Numerous evidence produced over the years suggests a deficit in a wide spectrum of neurotrophic factors in schizophrenia. Since schizophrenia is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder, early intervention with neurotrophic factors may be more effective in ameliorating the cognitive deficits and psychopathological symptoms associated with this pathology. In this context, results from initial clinical trials with neurotrophic factors and their future potential to improve cognition and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Khan
- Laboratory of Translational Neurology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnology, Era\'s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, and Faculty of Science, Era University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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4
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Hu J, Cao J, Jin R, Zhang B, Topatana W, Juengpanich S, Li S, Chen T, Lu Z, Cai X, Chen M. Inhibition of AMPK/PFKFB3 mediated glycolysis synergizes with penfluridol to suppress gallbladder cancer growth. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:105. [PMID: 35842652 PMCID: PMC9288071 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00882-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penfluridol (PF) is an FDA-approved antipsychotic drug that has recently been shown to have anticancer activity. However, the anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms of PF are not well-established in gallbladder cancer (GBC). METHODS The anticancer efficacy of PF on GBC was investigated via a series of cell functions experiments, including cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis assays, and so on. The corresponding signaling changes after PF treatment were explored by western blotting. Then, nude mice were utilized to study and test the anticancer activity of PF in vivo. Besides, glucose consumption and lactic production assays were used to detect the glycolysis alteration. RESULTS In this study, we discovered that PF greatly inhibited the proliferation and invasion ability of GBC cells (GBCs). The glucose consumption and lactic generation ability of GBCs were dramatically elevated following PF treatment. Additionally, we discovered that inhibiting glycolysis could improve PF's anticancer efficacy. Further studies established that the activation of the AMPK/PFKFB3 signaling pathway medicated glycolysis after PF treatment. We proved mechanistically that inhibition of AMPK/PFKFB3 singling pathway mediated glycolysis was a potential synergetic strategy to improve the anticancer efficacy of PF on GBC. CONCLUSIONS By inhibiting AMPK, the anticancer effects of PF on GBCs were amplified. As a result, our investigations shed new light on the possibility of repurposing PF as an anticancer drug for GBC, and AMPK inhibition in combination with PF may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for GBC. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China
| | - Jiasheng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China
| | - Ren'an Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China
| | - Win Topatana
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China
| | - Sarun Juengpanich
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China
| | - Tian'en Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China
| | - Ziyi Lu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China. .,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Provinc, China. .,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Zhejiang Minimal Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Research Center of Severe Hepatobiliary Disease, Hangzhou, China. .,Zhejiang Research and Development Engineering Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China. .,Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technique Research of Zhejiang Province, No. 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
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5
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Narine M, Colognato H. Current Insights Into Oligodendrocyte Metabolism and Its Power to Sculpt the Myelin Landscape. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:892968. [PMID: 35573837 PMCID: PMC9097137 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.892968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Once believed to be part of the nervenkitt or "nerve glue" network in the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendroglial cells now have established roles in key neurological functions such as myelination, neuroprotection, and motor learning. More recently, oligodendroglia has become the subject of intense investigations aimed at understanding the contributions of its energetics to CNS physiology and pathology. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of oligodendroglial metabolism in regulating key stages of oligodendroglial development and health, its role in providing energy to neighboring cells such as neurons, as well as how alterations in oligodendroglial bioenergetics contribute to disease states. Importantly, we highlight how certain inputs can regulate oligodendroglial metabolism, including extrinsic and intrinsic mediators of cellular signaling, pharmacological compounds, and even dietary interventions. Lastly, we discuss emerging studies aimed at discovering the therapeutic potential of targeting components within oligodendroglial bioenergetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanlall Narine
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Department of Neurobiology, & Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Holly Colognato
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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6
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Maly IV, Morales MJ, Pletnikov MV. Astrocyte Bioenergetics and Major Psychiatric Disorders. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2021; 26:173-227. [PMID: 34888836 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77375-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing research continues to add new elements to the emerging picture of involvement of astrocyte energy metabolism in the pathophysiology of major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, and addictions. This review outlines what is known about the energy metabolism in astrocytes, the most numerous cell type in the brain, and summarizes the recent work on how specific perturbations of astrocyte bioenergetics may contribute to the neuropsychiatric conditions. The role of astrocyte energy metabolism in mental health and disease is reviewed on the organism, organ, and cell level. Data arising from genomic, metabolomic, in vitro, and neurobehavioral studies is critically analyzed to suggest future directions in research and possible metabolism-focused therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Maly
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michael J Morales
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mikhail V Pletnikov
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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7
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Jeffries MA, McLane LE, Khandker L, Mather ML, Evangelou AV, Kantak D, Bourne JN, Macklin WB, Wood TL. mTOR Signaling Regulates Metabolic Function in Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells and Promotes Efficient Brain Remyelination in the Cuprizone Model. J Neurosci 2021; 41:8321-8337. [PMID: 34417330 PMCID: PMC8496195 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1377-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, primary loss of myelin and subsequent neuronal degeneration throughout the CNS impair patient functionality. While the importance of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling during developmental myelination is known, no studies have yet directly examined the function of mTOR signaling specifically in the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage during remyelination. Here, we conditionally deleted Mtor from adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) using Ng2-CreERT in male adult mice to test its function in new OLs responsible for remyelination. During early remyelination after cuprizone-induced demyelination, mice lacking mTOR in adult OPCs had unchanged OL numbers but thinner myelin. Myelin thickness recovered by late-stage repair, suggesting a delay in myelin production when Mtor is deleted from adult OPCs. Surprisingly, loss of mTOR in OPCs had no effect on efficiency of remyelination after lysophosphatidylcholine lesions in either the spinal cord or corpus callosum, suggesting that mTOR signaling functions specifically in a pathway dysregulated by cuprizone to promote remyelination efficiency. We further determined that cuprizone and inhibition of mTOR cooperatively compromise metabolic function in primary rat OLs undergoing differentiation. Together, our results support the conclusion that mTOR signaling in OPCs is required to overcome the metabolic dysfunction in the cuprizone-demyelinated adult brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Impaired remyelination by oligodendrocytes contributes to the progressive pathology in multiple sclerosis, so it is critical to identify mechanisms of improving remyelination. The goal of this study was to examine mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in remyelination. Here, we provide evidence that mTOR signaling promotes efficient remyelination of the brain after cuprizone-mediated demyelination but has no effect on remyelination after lysophosphatidylcholine demyelination in the spinal cord or brain. We also present novel data revealing that mTOR inhibition and cuprizone treatment additively affect the metabolic profile of differentiating oligodendrocytes, supporting a mechanism for the observed remyelination delay. These data suggest that altered metabolic function may underlie failure of remyelination in multiple sclerosis lesions and that mTOR signaling may be of therapeutic potential for promoting remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A Jeffries
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Lauren E McLane
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Luipa Khandker
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Marie L Mather
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Angelina V Evangelou
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Divyangi Kantak
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
| | - Jennifer N Bourne
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience and Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103
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Xin J, Yan S, Hong X, Zhang H, Zha J. Environmentally relevant concentrations of clozapine induced lipotoxicity and gut microbiota dysbiosis in Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117298. [PMID: 33964688 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Clozapine (CLZ) is a neuroactive pharmaceutical that is frequently detected in aquatic environments. Although the cardiotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and neurotoxicity of CLZ in aquatic non-target organisms have been reported, its lipotoxicity and underlying mechanism are unknown. Therefore, in this study, 2-month-old Chinese rare minnows were exposed to 0, 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/L CLZ for 90 days. Overt dyslipidemia was observed after CLZ exposure, whereas the body weights of females significantly increased after CLZ exposure (p < 0.05). In addition, obvious hepatocyte vacuolization and hepatic lipid droplet accumulation were observed at all treatment groups (p < 0.05). The activities of sterol regulatory element binding proteins 1 (SREBP1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were significantly upregulated at the 1 and 10 μg/L CLZ treatment groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, evident cell boundary disintegration of the intestinal villi and increasing mucus secretion were observed at all treatment groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the diversity of the gut microbiota increased, whereas the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes significantly increased after CLZ exposure (p < 0.05). Furthermore, significantly increased bacterial secondary bile acid biosynthesis activity in Chinese rare minnows was observed after 1 μg/L CLZ exposure (p < 0.05). Therefore, our findings confirmed that CLZ induced lipotoxicity by stimulating SREBP1 and affecting the bacterial secondary bile acid biosynthesis activity in Chinese rare minnows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Xin
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Saihong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangsheng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinmiao Zha
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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9
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Zhao G, Lau WKW, Wang C, Yan H, Zhang C, Lin K, Qiu S, Huang R, Zhang R. A Comparative Multimodal Meta-analysis of Anisotropy and Volume Abnormalities in White Matter in People Suffering From Bipolar Disorder or Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2021; 48:69-79. [PMID: 34374427 PMCID: PMC8781378 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) share some similarities in terms of genetic-risk genes and abnormalities of gray-matter structure in the brain, but white matter (WM) abnormalities have not been studied in depth. We undertook a comparative multimodal meta-analysis to identify common and disorder-specific abnormalities in WM structure between SZ and BD. Anisotropic effect size-signed differential mapping software was used to conduct a comparative meta-analysis of 68 diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and 34 voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies comparing fractional anisotropy (FA) and white matter volume (WMV), respectively, between patients with SZ (DTI: N = 1543; VBM: N = 1068) and BD (DTI: N = 983; VBM: N = 518) and healthy controls (HCs). The bilateral corpus callosum (extending to the anterior and superior corona radiata) showed shared decreased WMV and FA in SZ and BD. Compared with BD patients, SZ patients showed remarkable disorder-specific WM abnormalities: decreased FA and increased WMV in the left cingulum, and increased FA plus decreased WMV in the right anterior limb of the internal capsule. SZ patients showed more extensive alterations in WM than BD cases, which may be the pathophysiological basis for the clinical continuity of both disorders. The disorder-specific regions in the left cingulum and right anterior limb of the internal capsule provided novel insights into both disorders. Our study adds value to further understanding of the pathophysiology, classification, and differential diagnosis of SZ and BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorui Zhao
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Way K W Lau
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chanyu Wang
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Yan
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- School of Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangguang Lin
- Department of Affective Disorders, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Qiu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Chinese traditional Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruibin Zhang
- Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Laboratory of Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, tel/fax:020-62789234, e-mail:
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10
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Vandevelde A, Métivier L, Dollfus S. Impact cérébral structurel et fonctionnel de la Clozapine chez les patients souffrant de schizophrénie : revue systématique des études longitudinales en neuroimagerie. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2021; 66:683-700. [PMID: 33131322 PMCID: PMC8329901 DOI: 10.1177/0706743720966459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIF L'objectif de cette revue est d'identifier les corrélats anatomo-fonctionnels cérébraux lors d'un traitement par clozapine (CLZ) ainsi que les marqueurs anatomo-fonctionnels prédictifs de la réponse à la CLZ. MÉTHODES Nous avons réalisé une revue systématique de la littérature avec les bases de données MEDLINE et Web of Science afin d'identifier et d'examiner toutes les études longitudinales en neuroimagerie investiguant l'impact cérébral de la CLZ. RÉSULTATS 30 études ont été incluses et analysées. La CLZ induit une diminution du volume et de la perfusion dans les noyaux gris centraux chez les patients répondeurs. Un plus grand volume de substance grise et perfusion dans ces structures avant l'instauration de la CLZ étaient associés à une meilleure réponse au traitement. La diminution de volume et de perfusion au niveau du cortex préfrontal (CPF) est observée malgré l'instauration de CLZ mais de façon moins importante chez les patients sous CLZ que chez les patients sous antipsychotiques typiques. Un plus grand volume au niveau du CPF avant l'instauration de la CLZ est associé à une meilleure réponse clinique dans la majorité des études. Enfin, la CLZ semble induire une réduction des altérations au niveau de la substance blanche. CONCLUSION Les corrélats anatomo-fonctionnels de la CLZ différent de ceux des autres antipsychotiques avec une action spécifique de la CLZ au niveau des ganglions de la base et du CPF pouvant participer à sa supériorité en termes de réponse clinique. Plusieurs données cliniques et d'imagerie conduisent à l'hypothèse d'un meilleur pronostic associé à une instauration plus rapide de la CLZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Vandevelde
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, EA 7466, GIP 55388Cyceron, boulevard Henri-Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France.,26962Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), 14000 Caen, France.,Anaïs Vandevelde et Lucie Métivier ont participé de la même façon à ce travail et sont co-premier auteurs
| | - Lucie Métivier
- 26962Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), 14000 Caen, France.,CHU de Caen, centre Esquirol, service de psychiatrie, 14000 Caen, France.,Anaïs Vandevelde et Lucie Métivier ont participé de la même façon à ce travail et sont co-premier auteurs
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, EA 7466, GIP 55388Cyceron, boulevard Henri-Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France.,26962Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), 14000 Caen, France.,CHU de Caen, centre Esquirol, service de psychiatrie, 14000 Caen, France
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11
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Racki V, Marcelic M, Stimac I, Petric D, Kucic N. Effects of Haloperidol, Risperidone, and Aripiprazole on the Immunometabolic Properties of BV-2 Microglial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4399. [PMID: 33922377 PMCID: PMC8122792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial cells are resident macrophages in the brain that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. There is a lack of studies covering the effects of antipsychotics on microglial cells. The current literature points to a possible anti-inflammatory action without clear mechanisms of action. The aim of this study is to characterize the effects of haloperidol, risperidone and aripiprazole on BV-2 microglial cells in in vitro conditions. We have used immunofluorescence and flow cytometry to analyze the classical pro and anti-inflammatory markers, while a real-time metabolic assay (Seahorse) was used to assess metabolic function. We analyzed the expression of p70S6K to evaluate the mTOR pathway activity with Western blot. In this study, we demonstrate the varying effects of haloperidol, risperidone and aripiprazole administration in BV-2 microglial cells. All three tested antipsychotics were successful in reducing the pro-inflammatory action of microglial cells, although only aripiprazole increased the expression of anti-inflammatory markers. Most significant differences in the possible mechanisms of action were seen in the real-time metabolic assays and in the mTORC1 signaling pathway activity, with aripiprazole being the only antipsychotic to reduce the mTORC1 activity. Our results shed some new light on the effects of haloperidol, risperidone and aripiprazole action in microglial cells, and reveal a novel possible mechanism of action for aripiprazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Racki
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marina Marcelic
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (M.M.); (I.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Igor Stimac
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (M.M.); (I.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Daniela Petric
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Natalia Kucic
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (M.M.); (I.S.); (N.K.)
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12
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Lyall AE, Nägele FL, Pasternak O, Gallego JA, Malhotra AK, McNamara RK, Kubicki M, Peters BD, Robinson DG, Szeszko PR. A 16-week randomized placebo-controlled trial investigating the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid treatment on white matter microstructure in recent-onset psychosis patients concurrently treated with risperidone. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 307:111219. [PMID: 33221631 PMCID: PMC8127861 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We examined the impact of treatment with fish oil (FO), a rich source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), on white matter in 37 recent-onset psychosis patients receiving risperidone in a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Patients were scanned at baseline and randomly assigned to receive 16-weeks of treatment with risperidone + FO or risperidone + placebo. Eighteen patients received follow-up MRIs (FO, n = 10/Placebo, n = 8). Erythrocyte levels of n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) were obtained at both time points. We employed Free Water Imaging metrics representing the extracellular free water fraction (FW) and fractional anisotropy of the tissue (FA-t). Analyses were conducted using Tract-Based-Spatial-Statistics and nonparametric permutation-based tests with family-wise error correction. There were significant positive correlations of FA-t with DHA and DPA among all patients at baseline. Patients treated with risperidone + placebo demonstrated reductions in FA-t and increases in FW, whereas patients treated with risperidone + FO exhibited no significant changes in FW and FA-t reductions were largely attenuated. The correlations of DPA and DHA with baseline FA-t support the hypothesis that n-3 PUFA intake or biosynthesis are associated with white matter abnormalities in psychosis. Adjuvant FO treatment may partially mitigate against white matter alterations observed in recent-onset psychosis patients following risperidone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Lyall
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Felix L Nägele
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Juan A Gallego
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States; Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Anil K Malhotra
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States; Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Robert K McNamara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Lipidomics Research Program, University of Cincinnati, United States
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bart D Peters
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Delbert G Robinson
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States; Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Philip R Szeszko
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
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13
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He M, Qian K, Zhang Y, Huang XF, Deng C, Zhang B, Gao G, Li J, Xie H, Sun T. Olanzapine-Induced Activation of Hypothalamic Astrocytes and Toll-Like Receptor-4 Signaling via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Were Related to Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:589650. [PMID: 33584172 PMCID: PMC7874166 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.589650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The antipsychotic drug olanzapine is associated with serious obesity side effects. Hypothalamic astrocytes and associated toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) signaling play an essential role in obesity pathogenesis. This study investigated the effect of olanzapine on astrocytes and TLR4 signaling both in vitro and in the rat hypothalamus and their potential role in olanzapine-induced weight gain. We found that olanzapine treatment for 24 h dose-dependently increased cell viability, increased the protein expression of astrocyte markers including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), and activated TLR4 signaling in vitro. In rats, 8- and 36-day olanzapine treatment caused weight gain accompanied by increased GFAP and S100B protein expression and activated TLR4 signaling in the hypothalamus. These effects still existed in pair-fed rats, suggesting that these effects were not secondary effects of olanzapine-induced hyperphagia. Moreover, treatment with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyrate, inhibited olanzapine-induced weight gain and ameliorated olanzapine-induced changes in hypothalamic GFAP, S100B, and TLR4 signaling. The expression of GFAP, S100B, and TLR4 correlated with food intake and weight gain. These findings suggested that olanzapine-induced increase in hypothalamic astrocytes and activation of TLR4 signaling were related to ER stress, and these effects may be related to olanzapine-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng He
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- School of Medicine and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Chao Deng
- School of Medicine and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanbin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Xie
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Numerical density of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters in the anterior putamen in major psychiatric disorders. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:841-850. [PMID: 32060609 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-020-01108-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence to support the notion that oligodendrocyte and myelin abnormalities may contribute to the functional dysconnectivity found in the major psychiatric disorders. The putamen, which is an important hub in the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop, has been implicated in a broad spectrum of psychiatric illnesses and is a central target of their treatments. Previously we reported a reduction in the numerical density of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters in the prefrontal and parietal cortex in schizophrenia. Oligodendrocyte clusters contain oligodendrocyte progenitors and are involved in functionally dependent myelination. We measured the numerical density (Nv) of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters in the putamen in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) as compared to healthy controls (15 cases per group). Optical disector was used to estimate the Nv of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters. A significant reduction in both the Nv of oligodendrocytes (- 34%; p < 0.01) and the Nv of oligodendrocyte clusters (- 41%; p < 0.05) was found in the schizophrenia group as compared to the control group. Sexual dimorphism for both measurements was found only within the control group. The Nv of oligodendrocytes was significantly lower in male schizophrenia cases as compared to the male control cases. However, the Nv of oligodendrocyte clusters was significantly lower in all male clinical cases as compared to the male control group. The data suggest that lowered density of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters may contribute to the altered functional connectivity in the putamen in subjects with schizophrenia.
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15
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Bouvier ML, Fehsel K, Schmitt A, Meisenzahl-Lechner E, Gaebel W, von Wilmsdorff M. Sex-dependent alterations of dopamine receptor and glucose transporter density in rat hypothalamus under long-term clozapine and haloperidol medication. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01694. [PMID: 32525610 PMCID: PMC7428470 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sex-dependent disturbances of peripheral glucose metabolism are known complications of antipsychotic drug treatment. The influence of long-term clozapine and haloperidol medication on hypothalamus, maintaining aspects of internal body homeostasis, has not yet been completely clarified. METHODS After puberty, male and female Sprague Dawley rats were fed orally with ground pellets containing haloperidol (1 mg/kgBW/day) or clozapine (20 mg/kgBW/day) for 12 weeks. The hypothalamic protein expression of dopamine receptors D2R and D4R, melanocortin receptor MC4R, and glucose transporters Glut1 and Glut3 was examined. Glucose, glycogen, lactate, and pyruvate levels were determined, also malondialdehyde equivalents as markers of oxidative stress. RESULTS D2R expression was increased in the male haloperidol and clozapine group but decreased in females medicated with clozapine. D4R expression was upregulated under clozapine medication. While females showed increased Glut1, Glut3 was elevated in both male and female clozapine-medicated animals. We found no changes of hypothalamic malondialdehyde, glycogen, and MC4R. Hypothalamic lactate was elevated in the female clozapine group. CONCLUSION Clozapine sex-dependently affects the expression of D2R, Glut1, and Glut3. The upregulation of the glucose transporters indicates glucose deprivation in the endothelial cells and consequently in astrocytes and neurons. Increased hypothalamic lactate in females under clozapine points to enhanced glycolysis with a higher glucose demand to produce the required energy. Haloperidol did not change the expression of the glucose transporters and upregulated D2R only in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Bouvier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karin Fehsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, München, Germany.,Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eva Meisenzahl-Lechner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gaebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina von Wilmsdorff
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Gouvêa-Junqueira D, Falvella ACB, Antunes ASLM, Seabra G, Brandão-Teles C, Martins-de-Souza D, Crunfli F. Novel Treatment Strategies Targeting Myelin and Oligodendrocyte Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:379. [PMID: 32425837 PMCID: PMC7203658 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are the glial cells responsible for the formation of the myelin sheath around axons. During neurodevelopment, oligodendrocytes undergo maturation and differentiation, and later remyelination in adulthood. Abnormalities in these processes have been associated with behavioral and cognitive dysfunctions and the development of various mental illnesses like schizophrenia. Several studies have implicated oligodendrocyte dysfunction and myelin abnormalities in the disorder, together with altered expression of myelin-related genes such as Olig2, CNP, and NRG1. However, the molecular mechanisms subjacent of these alterations remain elusive. Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic psychiatric disorder affecting more than 23 million individuals worldwide and its symptoms usually appear at the beginning of adulthood. Currently, the major therapeutic strategy for schizophrenia relies on the use of antipsychotics. Despite their widespread use, the effects of antipsychotics on glial cells, especially oligodendrocytes, remain unclear. Thus, in this review we highlight the current knowledge regarding oligodendrocyte dysfunction in schizophrenia, compiling data from (epi)genetic studies and up-to-date models to investigate the role of oligodendrocytes in the disorder. In addition, we examined potential targets currently investigated for the improvement of schizophrenia symptoms. Research in this area has been investigating potential beneficial compounds, including the D-amino acids D-aspartate and D-serine, that act as NMDA receptor agonists, modulating the glutamatergic signaling; the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, a precursor in the synthesis of glutathione, protecting against the redox imbalance; as well as lithium, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) signaling, contributing to oligodendrocyte survival and functioning. In conclusion, there is strong evidence linking oligodendrocyte dysfunction to the development of schizophrenia. Hence, a better understanding of oligodendrocyte differentiation, as well as the effects of antipsychotic medication in these cells, could have potential implications for understanding the development of schizophrenia and finding new targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Gouvêa-Junqueira
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Brambilla Falvella
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - André Saraiva Leão Marcelo Antunes
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Seabra
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Caroline Brandão-Teles
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo, Brazil
- D′Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Crunfli
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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17
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Hamoda HM, Makhlouf AT, Fitzsimmons J, Rathi Y, Makris N, Mesholam-Gately RI, Wojcik JD, Goldstein J, McCarley RW, Seidman LJ, Kubicki M, Shenton ME. Abnormalities in thalamo-cortical connections in patients with first-episode schizophrenia: a two-tensor tractography study. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 13:472-481. [PMID: 29667043 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The "cognitive dysmetria" hypothesis suggests that impairments in cognition and behavior in patients with schizophrenia can be explained by disruptions in the cortico-cerebellar-thalamic-cortical circuit. In this study we examine thalamo-cortical connections in patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FESZ). White matter pathways are investigated that connect the thalamus with three frontal cortex regions including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), and lateral oribitofrontal cortex (LOFC). We use a novel method of two-tensor tractography in 26 patients with FESZ compared to 31 healthy controls (HC), who did not differ on age, sex, or education. Dependent measures were fractional anisotropy (FA), Axial Diffusivity (AD), and Radial Diffusivity (RD). Subjects were also assessed using clinical functioning measures including the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale, the Global Social Functioning Scale (GF: Social), and the Global Role Functioning Scale (GF: Role). FESZ patients showed decreased FA in the right thalamus-right ACC and right-thalamus-right LOFC pathways compared to healthy controls (HCs). In the right thalamus-right VLPFC tract, we found decreased FA and increased RD in the FESZ group compared to HCs. After correcting for multiple comparisons, reductions in FA in the right thalamus- right ACC and the right thalamus- right VLPC tracts remained significant. Moreover, reductions in FA were significantly associated with lower global functioning scores as well as lower social and role functioning scores. We report the first diffusion tensor imaging study of white matter pathways connecting the thalamus to three frontal regions. Findings of white matter alterations and clinical associations in the thalamic-cortical component of the cortico-cerebellar-thalamic-cortical circuit in patients with FESZ support the cognitive dysmetria hypothesis and further suggest the possible involvement of myelin sheath pathology and axonal membrane disruption in the pathogenesis of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham M Hamoda
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA. .,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - A T Makhlouf
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J Fitzsimmons
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Y Rathi
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Makris
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R I Mesholam-Gately
- Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Public Psychiatry Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J D Wojcik
- Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Public Psychiatry Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Women's Health, Connors Center for Women's Health & Gender Biology; Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R W McCarley
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA
| | - L J Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Public Psychiatry Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA
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18
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Brandão-Teles C, de Almeida V, Cassoli JS, Martins-de-Souza D. Biochemical Pathways Triggered by Antipsychotics in Human [corrected] Oligodendrocytes: Potential of Discovering New Treatment Targets. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:186. [PMID: 30890939 PMCID: PMC6411851 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that affects more than 21 million people worldwide. It is an incurable disorder and the primary means of managing symptoms is through administration of pharmacological treatments, which consist heavily of antipsychotics. First-generation antipsychotics have the properties of D2 receptor antagonists. Second-generation antipsychotics are antagonists of both D2 and 5HT2 receptors. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the effects of antipsychotics beyond their neuronal targets and oligodendrocytes are one of the main candidates. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the molecular effects of typical and atypical drugs across the proteome of the human oligodendrocyte cell line, MO3.13. For this, we performed a mass spectrometry-based, bottom-up shotgun proteomic analysis to identify differences triggered by typical (chlorpromazine and haloperidol) and atypical (quetiapine and risperidone) antipsychotics. Proteins which showed changes in their expression levels were analyzed in silico using Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis, which implicated dysregulation of canonical pathways for each treatment. Our results shed light on the biochemical pathways involved in the mechanisms of action of these drugs, which may guide the identification of novel biomarkers and the development of new and improved treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Brandão-Teles
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Valéria de Almeida
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliana S. Cassoli
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Faculdade de Palmas, Palmas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- UNICAMP’s Neurobiology Center, Campinas, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Effects on Glial Cell Glycolysis in Schizophrenia: An Advanced Aging Phenotype? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1178:25-38. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25650-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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20
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Park DI, Turck CW. Interactome Studies of Psychiatric Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1118:163-173. [PMID: 30747422 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05542-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High comorbidity and complexity have precluded reliable diagnostic assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Impaired molecular interactions may be relevant for underlying mechanisms of psychiatric disorders but by and large remain unknown. With the help of a number of publicly available databases and various technological tools, recent research has filled the paucity of information by generating a novel dataset of psychiatric interactomes. Different technological platforms including yeast two-hybrid screen, co-immunoprecipitation-coupled with mass spectrometry-based proteomics, and transcriptomics have been widely used in combination with cellular and molecular techniques to interrogate the psychiatric interactome. Novel molecular interactions have been identified in association with different psychiatric disorders including autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. However, more extensive and sophisticated interactome research needs to be conducted to overcome the current limitations such as incomplete interactome databases and a lack of functional information among components. Ultimately, integrated psychiatric interactome databases will contribute to the implementation of biomarkers and therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ik Park
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Christoph W Turck
- Proteomics and Biomarkers, Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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21
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Leroux E, Vandevelde A, Tréhout M, Dollfus S. Abnormalities of fronto-subcortical pathways in schizophrenia and the differential impacts of antipsychotic treatment: a DTI-based tractography study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 280:22-29. [PMID: 30145382 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The fronto-striato-thalamic circuitry is a key network in patients with schizophrenia (SZPs). We use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate the integrity of white matter (WM) pathways involved in this network in SZPs relative to healthy controls (HCs). We also evaluate the differential impact of chronic exposure to clozapine as well as other atypical and typical antipsychotics. 63 HCs and 41 SZPs were included. Of the SZPs, 16 were treated with clozapine (SZPsC), 17 with atypical antipsychotics (SZPsA), and 8 with typical antipsychotics (SZPsT). Three tracts were reconstructed in the left hemisphere using tractography: one fronto-subcortical tract, one prefronto-subcortical tract, and one prefronto-frontal tract. Diffusion parameters were individually extracted in each tract. SZPs exhibited lower integrity in both the fronto-subcortical and prefronto-subcortical tracts relative to HCs, and SZPsT showed altered integrity compared to SZPsC. There were no WM integrity differences in the prefronto-frontal tract between SZP groups or between SZPs and HCs. SZPs exhibit structural connectivity abnormalities in the prefronto-fronto-subcortical network that are specifically and differentially impacted by the type of antipsychotic treatment. Additional studies are needed to separate the contributions of clozapine-mediated neuroprotection, neurotoxicity related to typical antipsychotics, and the illness itself to observed differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Leroux
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - A Vandevelde
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - M Tréhout
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - S Dollfus
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
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22
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de Almeida V, Martins-de-Souza D. Cannabinoids and glial cells: possible mechanism to understand schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 268:727-737. [PMID: 29392440 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and neurobiological findings have reported the involvement of endocannabinoid signaling in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This system modulates dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission that is associated with positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Despite neurotransmitter impairments, increasing evidence points to a role of glial cells in schizophrenia pathobiology. Glial cells encompass three main groups: oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes. These cells promote several neurobiological functions, such as myelination of axons, metabolic and structural support, and immune response in the central nervous system. Impairments in glial cells lead to disruptions in communication and in the homeostasis of neurons that play role in pathobiology of disorders such as schizophrenia. Therefore, data suggest that glial cells may be a potential pharmacological tool to treat schizophrenia and other brain disorders. In this regard, glial cells express cannabinoid receptors and synthesize endocannabinoids, and cannabinoid drugs affect some functions of these cells that can be implicated in schizophrenia pathobiology. Thus, the aim of this review is to provide data about the glial changes observed in schizophrenia, and how cannabinoids could modulate these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria de Almeida
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Iritani S, Torii Y, Habuchi C, Sekiguchi H, Fujishiro H, Yoshida M, Go Y, Iriki A, Isoda M, Ozaki N. The neuropathological investigation of the brain in a monkey model of autism spectrum disorder with ABCA13 deletion. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 71:130-139. [PMID: 30201574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise biological etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the neuropathology of a monkey model of autism Human ABCA13 is the largest ABC transporter protein, with a length of 5058 amino acids and a predicted molecular weight of >450 kDa. However, the function of this protein remains to be elucidated. This protein is thought to be associated with major psychiatric disease. Using this monkey model of autism with an ABCA13 deletion and a mutation of 5HT2c, we neuropathologically investigated the changes in the neuronal formation in the frontal cortex. As a result, the neuronal formation in the cortex was found to be disorganized with regard to the neuronal size and laminal distribution in the ABCA13 deletion monkey. The catecholaminergic and GABAergic neuronal systems, serotoninergic neuronal formation (5HT2c) were also found to be impaired by an immunohistochemical evaluation. This study suggested that ABCA13 deficit induces the impairment of neuronal maturation or migration, and the function of the neuronal network. This protein might thus play a role in the neurodevelopmental function of the central nervous system and the dysfunction of this protein may be a pathophysiological cause of mental disorders including autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Iritani
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Youta Torii
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chikako Habuchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sekiguchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Fujishiro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mari Yoshida
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Go
- Department of Brain Sciences, Center for Novel Science Initiatives, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan; Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan; The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Astushi Iriki
- Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Developmen RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaki Isoda
- Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan; Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan; Department of Physiology, Kansai Medical University School of Medicine, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norio Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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24
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Chedrawe MAJ, Holman SP, Lamport AC, Akay T, Robertson GS. Pioglitazone is superior to quetiapine, clozapine and tamoxifen at alleviating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 321:72-82. [PMID: 29957391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that clozapine and quetiapine (atypical antipsychotics), tamoxifen (selective-estrogen receptor modulator) and pioglitazone (PPARγ agonist) may improve functional recovery in multiple sclerosis (MS). We have compared the effectiveness of oral administration of these drugs, beginning at peak disease, at reducing ascending paralysis, motor deficits and demyelination in mice subjected to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Mice were immunized with an immunogenic peptide corresponding to amino acids 35-55 of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) in complete Freund's adjuvant and injected with pertussis toxin to induce EAE. Unlike clozapine, quetiapine and tamoxifen, administration of pioglitazone beginning at peak disease decreased both clinical scores and lumbar white matter loss in EAE mice. Using kinematic gait analysis, we found that pioglitazone also maintained normal movement of the hip, knee and ankle joints for at least 44 days after MOG35-55 immunization. This long-lasting preservation of hindleg joint movements was accompanied by reduced white matter loss, microglial and macrophage activation and the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in the lumbar spinal cords of EAE mice. These results support clinical findings that suggest pioglitazone may reduce the progressive loss of motor function in MS by decreasing inflammation and myelin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A J Chedrawe
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, 2nd floor, Life Sciences Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, P.O. Box 15000, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Scott P Holman
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, 2nd floor, Life Sciences Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, P.O. Box 15000, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Anna-Claire Lamport
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, 2nd floor, Life Sciences Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, P.O. Box 15000, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Turgay Akay
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, 3rd floor, Life Sciences Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, P.O. Box 15000, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - George S Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, 2nd floor, Life Sciences Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, P.O. Box 15000, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, 5909 Veterans' Memorial Lane, 8th floor, Abbie J. Lane Memorial Building, QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 2E2, Canada.
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25
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Minchenberg SB, Massa PT. The control of oligodendrocyte bioenergetics by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1). J Neuroimmunol 2017; 331:46-57. [PMID: 29113698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration are essential for oligodendrocyte metabolism in both the developing and adult CNS. Based on recent reports on the effects of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ on metabolism and on oligodendrocytes, we addressed whether IFN-γ may affect oligodendrocyte bioenergetics in ways relevant to CNS disease. Oligodendrocytes of mice treated with IFN-γ showed significant reductions in aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. As expected, IFN-γ treatment led to the induction of STAT1 in oligodendrocytes indicating active signaling into these cells. To determine the direct effects of IFN-γ on oligodendrocyte metabolism, cultured oligodendrocytes were treated with IFN-γ in vitro, which resulted in suppression of glycolysis similar to oligodendrocytes of animals treated with IFN-γ in vivo. Mice lacking SHP-1, a key regulator of IFN-γ and STAT1 signaling in CNS glia, had high constitutive levels of STAT1 and decreased aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration rates relative to wild type mouse oligodendrocytes. Together, these data show that IFN-γ and SHP-1 control oligodendrocyte bioenergetics in ways that may relate to the role of this cytokine in CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott B Minchenberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Paul T Massa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, United States; Department of Neurology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY, United States.
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26
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Leroux E, Delcroix N, Dollfus S. Abnormalities of language pathways in schizophrenia patients with and without a lifetime history of auditory verbal hallucinations: A DTI-based tractography study. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:528-538. [PMID: 28010158 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1274053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and could be the result of white matter (WM) fibre abnormalities involved in speech production/comprehension and perception. We evaluated WM integrity changes in SZ with (SZ+) and without (SZ-) lifetime AVHs compared to healthy controls (HCs), using diffusion tensor imaging-based tractography, with a novel focus on the structural connectivity within both intra- and interhemispheric fasciculi. METHODS The study included 27 SZ+, 12 SZ- and 34 HCs. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean and radial diffusivities (MD and RD) were extracted in each participant in two left interhemispheric fasciculi and in the interhemispheric auditory pathway (IAP) to test integrity differences among groups. RESULTS SZ- and SZ + compared to HCs presented increased diffusivities and/or decreased FA in the interhemispheric fasciculi. Decreased FA was significant only between SZ + and HCs for the IAP. CONCLUSIONS In this first comparison of integrity changes within both intra- and interhemispheric fasciculi, abnormalities in the intrahemispheric fasciculi were observed in both SZ- and SZ+, but an alteration in the IAP was seen only in SZ+. These results suggest that the IAP may be more involved in patients with AVHs-proneness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Leroux
- a UNICAEN, ISTS , Normandie Univ , Caen , France
| | - Nicolas Delcroix
- b UNICAEN, CNRS, UMS GIP CYCERON , Normandie Univ , Caen , France
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- c Service de Psychiatrie , CHU de Caen , Caen , France.,d UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School) , Normandie Univ , Caen , France
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27
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Zuccoli GS, Saia-Cereda VM, Nascimento JM, Martins-de-Souza D. The Energy Metabolism Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders Postmortem Brains: Focus on Proteomic Evidence. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:493. [PMID: 28936160 PMCID: PMC5594406 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders represent a great medical and social challenge and people suffering from these conditions face many impairments regarding personal and professional life. In addition, a mental disorder will manifest itself in approximately one quarter of the world's population at some period of their life. Dysfunction in energy metabolism is one of the most consistent scientific findings associated with these disorders. With this is mind, this review compiled data on disturbances in energy metabolism found by proteomic analyses of postmortem brains collected from patients affected by the most prevalent psychiatric disorders: schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). We searched in the PubMed database to gather the studies and compiled all the differentially expressed proteins reported in each work. SCZ studies revealed 92 differentially expressed proteins related to energy metabolism, while 95 proteins were discovered in BPD, and 41 proteins in MDD. With the compiled data, it was possible to determine which proteins related to energy metabolism were found to be altered in all the disorders as well as which ones were altered exclusively in one of them. In conclusion, the information gathered in this work could contribute to a better understanding of the impaired metabolic mechanisms and hopefully bring insights into the underlying neuropathology of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana S Zuccoli
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of CampinasCampinas, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Verônica M Saia-Cereda
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of CampinasCampinas, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Nascimento
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of CampinasCampinas, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of CampinasCampinas, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoSão Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Palaniyappan L, Das T, Dempster K. The neurobiology of transition to psychosis: clearing the cache. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2017; 42:294-299. [PMID: 28834527 PMCID: PMC5573571 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.170137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The prepsychotic phase of schizophrenia is not only important for indicated prevention strategies, but also crucial for developing mechanistic models of the emergence of frank psychosis (transition). This commentary highlights the work of Dukart and colleagues, published in this issue of the Journal of Psychiatry and Neurosicence, who sought to identify MRI-based anatomic endophenotypes of psychosis in a well-characterized sample of patients with at-risk mental state (ARMS) and first-episode psychosis (FEP). Conceptual and translational challenges in clarifying the neurobiology of transitional prepsychotic states are discussed. A role of intracortical myelin in the neurobiology of transition is proposed. Transition may not be an outcome of "progressive structural deficits"; it may occur due to inadequate compensatory responses in the predisposed. The need to revise our current "deficit-oriented" models of neurobiology of psychosis in the wake of burgeoning evidence indicating a dynamic process of cortical reorganization is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Palaniyappan
- Correspondence to: L. Palaniyappan, Prevention & Early Intervention Program for Psychoses (PEPP), A2-636, LHSC-VH, 800 Commissioners Road, London, Ont., Canada N6A 5W9;
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Tréhout M, Leroux E, Delcroix N, Dollfus S. Relationships between corpus callosum and language lateralization in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Bipolar Disord 2017; 19:496-504. [PMID: 28834020 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The question of whether there is a continuum or a dichotomy among patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorders (BD) has not been clearly resolved and remains a challenge. Thus, the identification of specific biomarkers of these disorders might be helpful. The present study investigated the volume of the corpus callosum (CC) and functional lateralization for language as potential biomarkers and their relationships in SZ and BD. METHODS The study included 20 patients with SZ, 20 patients with BD and 40 healthy controls (HC). A functional lateralization index (FLI) was computed for each participant within the language comprehension network. For each participant, the volume of the total CC and those of three subregions were extracted. These variables and their anatomo-functional relationships were investigated. RESULTS In comparison to HC, SZ patients presented a decreased leftward lateralization for language, whereas this was not found in BD patients. However, as compared to SZ patients and HC, BD patients showed a reduction in CC volume associated with a lower leftward lateralization for language. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that SZ patients displayed a reduction of the leftward functional lateralization for language; however, no reduction of CC volume was observed, whereas BD patients presented a decreased volume of the CC associated with a lower leftward asymmetry for language. The results of our study detected distinct anomalies in both SZ and BD that may be considered as specific biomarkers of these disorders related to neurodevelopmental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Tréhout
- Service de Psychiatrie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, Caen, France
| | | | | | - Sonia Dollfus
- Service de Psychiatrie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, Caen, France
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Oligodendrogliopathy in Multiple Sclerosis: Low Glycolytic Metabolic Rate Promotes Oligodendrocyte Survival. J Neurosci 2017; 36:4698-707. [PMID: 27122029 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4077-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions feature demyelination with limited remyelination. A distinct injury phenotype of MS lesions features dying back of oligodendrocyte (OL) terminal processes, a response that destabilizes myelin/axon interactions. This oligodendrogliopathy has been linked with local metabolic stress, similar to the penumbra of ischemic/hypoxic states. Here, we developed an in vitro oligodendrogliopathy model using human CNS-derived OLs and related this injury response to their distinct bioenergetic properties. We determined the energy utilization properties of adult human surgically derived OLs cultured under either optimal or metabolic stress conditions, deprivation of growth factors, and glucose and/or hypoxia using a Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer. Baseline studies were also performed on OL progenitor cells derived from the same tissue and postnatal rat-derived cells. Under basal conditions, adult human OLs were less metabolically active than their progenitors and both were less active than the rat cells. Human OLs and progenitors both used aerobic glycolysis for the majority of ATP production, a process that contributes to protein and lipid production necessary for myelin biosynthesis. Under stress conditions that induce significant process retraction with only marginal cell death, human OLs exhibited a significant reduction in overall energy utilization, particularly in glycolytic ATP production. The stress-induced reduction of glycolytic ATP production by the human OLs would exacerbate myelin process withdrawal while favoring cell survival, providing a potential basis for the oligodendrogliopathy observed in MS. The glycolytic pathway is a potential therapeutic target to promote myelin maintenance and enhance repair in MS. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The neurologic deficits that characterize multiple sclerosis (MS) reflect disruption of myelin (demyelination) within the CNS and failure of repair (remyelination). We define distinct energy utilization properties of human adult brain-derived oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells under conditions of metabolic stress that model the initial relapsing and subsequent progressive phases of MS. The observed changes in energy utilization affect both cell survival and myelination capacity. These processes may be amenable to therapeutic interventions to limit the extent of cumulative tissue injury and to promote repair in MS.
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Chen Y, Bang S, McMullen MF, Kazi H, Talbot K, Ho MX, Carlson G, Arnold SE, Ong WY, Kim SF. Neuronal Activity-Induced Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1 (SREBP1) is Disrupted in Dysbindin-Null Mice-Potential Link to Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 54:1699-1709. [PMID: 26873854 PMCID: PMC4982840 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder that affects about 1 % of the population. Dystrobrevin-binding protein 1 (DTNBP1 or dysbindin) is one of the Research Domain Constructs (RDoC) associated with cognition and is significantly reduced in the brain of schizophrenia patients. To further understand the molecular underpinnings of pathogenesis of schizophrenia, we have performed microarray analyses of the hippocampi from dysbindin knockout mice, and found that genes involved in the lipogenic pathway are suppressed. Moreover, we discovered that maturation of a master transcriptional regulator for lipid synthesis, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP1) is induced by neuronal activity, and is required for induction of the immediate early gene ARC (activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein), necessary for synaptic plasticity and memory. We found that nuclear SREBP1 is dramatically reduced in dysbindin-1 knockout mice and postmortem brain tissues from human patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, activity-dependent maturation of SREBP1 as well as ARC expression were attenuated in dysbindin-1 knockout mice, and these deficits were restored by an atypical antipsychotic drug, clozapine. Together, results indicate an important role of dysbindin-1 in neuronal activity induced SREBP1 and ARC, which could be related to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sookhee Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mary F McMullen
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hala Kazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Konrad Talbot
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mei-Xuan Ho
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Greg Carlson
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore.
| | - Sangwon F Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Matías-Guiu J, Gomez-Pinedo U, Matias-Guiu JA. News in multiple sclerosis: Remyelination as a therapeutic target. Med Clin (Barc) 2016; 148:377-380. [PMID: 27923464 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Matías-Guiu
- Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Neurociencias, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (idiSSC), Madrid, España.
| | - Ulises Gomez-Pinedo
- Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Neurociencias, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (idiSSC), Madrid, España
| | - Jordi A Matias-Guiu
- Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Neurociencias, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (idiSSC), Madrid, España
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Vikhreva OV, Rakhmanova VI, Orlovskaya DD, Uranova NA. Ultrastructural alterations of oligodendrocytes in prefrontal white matter in schizophrenia: A post-mortem morphometric study. Schizophr Res 2016; 177:28-36. [PMID: 27156647 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuroimaging studies showed abnormalities in frontal white matter (WM) in schizophrenia that were associated with clinical symptoms. Previously, we reported ultrastructural alterations of myelinated fibers and reduction in the numerical density of oligodendrocytes in BA 10 WM in patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to perform a qualitative and morphometric study of the ultrastructure of oligodendrocytes in BA 10 WM in schizophrenia and in normal controls. METHODS The study was performed using electron microscopy and morphometry. Size, volume density (Vv) and the number (N) of organelles of oligodendrocytes were estimated in 21 patients with schizophrenia and 20 normal controls. The data were examined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to assess possible correlations between the parameters measured and age, post-mortem interval, neuroleptic treatment and duration of the disease. Comparisons between the schizophrenia patients and controls were performed using ANCOVA tests. RESULTS We found oligodendrocyte swelling, vacuolation, paucity of ribosomes and mitochondria and accumulation of lipofuscin granules in schizophrenia as compared to controls. Morphometry detected a significant reduction in Vv and N of mitochondria and the increase in Vv and N of lipofuscin granules and vacuoles in oligodendrocytes in the schizophrenic group as compared to controls. CONCLUSION Alterations of oligodendrocytes in schizophrenia provide evidence for the disturbance of their energy, lipid and protein metabolism in prefrontal WM. Oligodendrocyte abnormalities might disturb axonal integrity and circuitry and contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Vikhreva
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuropathology, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - V I Rakhmanova
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuropathology, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - D D Orlovskaya
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuropathology, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Uranova
- Laboratory of Clinical Neuropathology, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
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Ashikawa Y, Nishimura Y, Okabe S, Sasagawa S, Murakami S, Yuge M, Kawaguchi K, Kawase R, Tanaka T. Activation of Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Factors by Fenofibrate and Gemfibrozil Stimulates Myelination in Zebrafish. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:206. [PMID: 27462272 PMCID: PMC4939524 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are major myelin-producing cells and play essential roles in the function of a healthy nervous system. However, they are also one of the most vulnerable neural cell types in the central nervous system (CNS), and myelin abnormalities in the CNS are found in a wide variety of neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, adrenoleukodystrophy, and schizophrenia. There is an urgent need to identify small molecular weight compounds that can stimulate myelination. In this study, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis to identify pharmacodynamic effects common to miconazole and clobetasol, which have been shown to stimulate myelination by mouse oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Of the genes differentially expressed in both miconazole- and clobetasol-treated mouse OPCs compared with untreated cells, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to both drug treatments. Gene ontology analysis revealed that these DEGs are significantly associated with the sterol biosynthetic pathway, and further bioinformatics analysis suggested that sterol regulatory element binding factors (SREBFs) might be key upstream regulators of the DEGs. In silico screening of a public database for chemicals associated with SREBF activation identified fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist, as a drug that increases the expression of known SREBF targets, raising the possibility that fenofibrate may also stimulate myelination. To test this, we performed in vivo imaging of zebrafish expressing a fluorescent reporter protein under the control of the myelin basic protein (mbp) promoter. Treatment of zebrafish with fenofibrate significantly increased expression of the fluorescent reporter compared with untreated zebrafish. This increase was attenuated by co-treatment with fatostatin, a specific inhibitor of SREBFs, confirming that the fenofibrate effect was mediated via SREBFs. Furthermore, incubation of zebrafish with another PPARα agonist, gemfibrozil, also increased expression of the mbp promoter-driven fluorescent reporter in an SREBF-dependent manner. These results suggest that activation of SREBFs by small molecular weight compounds may be a feasible therapeutic approach to stimulate myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Ashikawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu, Japan
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineTsu, Japan; Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineTsu, Japan; Mie University Medical Zebrafish Research CenterTsu, Japan; Department of Omics Medicine, Mie University Industrial Technology Innovation InstituteTsu, Japan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Life Science Research CenterTsu, Japan
| | - Shiko Okabe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu, Japan
| | - Shota Sasagawa
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu, Japan
| | - Soichiro Murakami
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu, Japan
| | - Mizuki Yuge
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu, Japan
| | - Koki Kawaguchi
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu, Japan
| | - Reiko Kawase
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu, Japan
| | - Toshio Tanaka
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineTsu, Japan; Mie University Medical Zebrafish Research CenterTsu, Japan; Department of Omics Medicine, Mie University Industrial Technology Innovation InstituteTsu, Japan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Life Science Research CenterTsu, Japan
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Guest PC, Iwata K, Kato TA, Steiner J, Schmitt A, Turck CW, Martins-de-Souza D. MK-801 treatment affects glycolysis in oligodendrocytes more than in astrocytes and neuronal cells: insights for schizophrenia. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:180. [PMID: 26029051 PMCID: PMC4429244 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental disorder, affecting more than 30 million people worldwide. As a multifactorial disease, the underlying causes of schizophrenia require analysis by multiplex methods such as proteomics to allow identification of whole protein networks. Previous post-mortem proteomic studies on brain tissues from schizophrenia patients have demonstrated changes in activation of glycolytic and energy metabolism pathways. However, it is not known whether these changes occur in neurons or in glial cells. To address this question, we treated neuronal, astrocyte, and oligodendrocyte cell lines with the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 and measured the levels of six glycolytic enzymes by Western blot analysis. MK-801 acts on the glutamatergic system and has been proposed as a pharmacological means of modeling schizophrenia. Treatment with MK-801 resulted in significant changes in the levels of glycolytic enzymes in all cell types. Most of the differences were found in oligodendrocytes, which had altered levels of hexokinase 1 (HK1), enolase 2 (ENO2), phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), and phosphoglycerate mutase 1 after acute MK-801 treatment (8 h), and HK1, ENO2, PGK, and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) following long term treatment (72 h). Addition of the antipsychotic clozapine to the cultures resulted in counter-regulatory effects to the MK-801 treatment by normalizing the levels of ENO2 and PGK in both the acute and long term cultures. In astrocytes, MK-801 affected only aldolase C (ALDOC) under both acute conditions and HK1 and ALDOC following long term treatment, and TPI was the only enzyme affected under long term conditions in the neuronal cells. In conclusion, MK-801 affects glycolysis in oligodendrocytes to a larger extent than neuronal cells and this may be modulated by antipsychotic treatment. Although cell culture studies do not necessarily reflect the in vivo pathophysiology and drug effects within the brain, these results suggest that neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes are affected differently in schizophrenia. Employing in vitro models using neurotransmitter agonists and antagonists may provide new insights about the pathophysiology of schizophrenia which could lead to a novel system for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Guest
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas Campinas, Brazil
| | - Keiko Iwata
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui Fukui, Japan ; Department of Development of Functional Brain Activities, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University-Kanazawa University-Hamamatsu University School of Medicine-Chiba University-University of Fukui Fukui, Japan
| | - Takahiro A Kato
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan ; Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy-Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Germany ; Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christoph W Turck
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry Proteomics and Biomarkers, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas Campinas, Brazil ; Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil ; UNICAMP's Neurobiology Center Campinas, Brazil
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