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Wu YL, Christodoulou AG, Beumer JH, Rigatti LH, Fisher R, Ross M, Watkins S, Cortes DRE, Ruck C, Manzoor S, Wyman SK, Stapleton MC, Goetzman E, Bharathi S, Wipf P, Wang H, Tan T, Christner SM, Guo J, Lo CWY, Epperly MW, Greenberger JS. Mitigation of Fetal Radiation Injury from Mid-Gestation Total-body Irradiation by Maternal Administration of Mitochondrial-Targeted GS-Nitroxide JP4-039. Radiat Res 2024; 202:565-579. [PMID: 39074819 DOI: 10.1667/rade-24-00095.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Victims of a radiation terrorist event will include pregnant women and unborn fetuses. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key pathogenic factors of fetal radiation injury. The goal of this preclinical study is to investigate the efficacy of mitigating fetal radiation injury by maternal administration of the mitochondrial-targeted gramicidin S (GS)-nitroxide radiation mitigator JP4-039. Pregnant female C57BL/6NTac mice received 3 Gy total-body irradiation (TBI) at mid-gestation embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5). Using novel time-and-motion-resolved 4D in utero magnetic resonance imaging (4D-uMRI), we found TBI caused extensive injury to the fetal brain that included cerebral hemorrhage, loss of cerebral tissue, and hydrocephalus with excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Histopathology of the fetal mouse brain showed broken cerebral vessels and elevated apoptosis. Further use of novel 4D Oxy-wavelet MRI capable of probing in vivo mitochondrial function in intact brain revealed a significant reduction of mitochondrial function in the fetal brain after 3 Gy TBI. This was validated by ex vivo Oroboros mitochondrial respirometry. One day after TBI (E14.5) maternal administration of JP4-039, which passes through the placenta, significantly reduced fetal brain radiation injury and improved fetal brain mitochondrial respiration. Treatment also preserved cerebral brain tissue integrity and reduced cerebral hemorrhage and cell death. JP4-039 administration following irradiation resulted in increased survival of pups. These findings indicate that JP4-039 can be deployed as a safe and effective mitigator of fetal radiation injury from mid-gestational in utero ionizing radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijen L Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
- Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224
| | - Anthony G Christodoulou
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Lora H Rigatti
- Division of Laboratory Animal Resources (DLAR), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Renee Fisher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | - Mark Ross
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Simon Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Devin R E Cortes
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
- Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Cody Ruck
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
- Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224
| | - Shanim Manzoor
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
- Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224
| | - Samuel K Wyman
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
- Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224
| | - Margaret C Stapleton
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
| | - Eric Goetzman
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
| | - Sivakama Bharathi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
- Department of Chemistry, Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Tuantuan Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
| | - Susan M Christner
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Jianxia Guo
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232
| | - Cecilia W Y Lo
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201
| | - Michael W Epperly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | - Joel S Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
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Adzigbli L, Ponsuksili S, Sokolova I. Mitochondrial responses to constant and cyclic hypoxia depend on the oxidized fuel in a hypoxia-tolerant marine bivalve Crassostrea gigas. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9658. [PMID: 38671046 PMCID: PMC11053104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sessile benthic organisms like oysters inhabit the intertidal zone, subject to alternating hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) episodes during tidal movements, impacting respiratory chain activities and metabolome compositions. We investigated the effects of constant severe hypoxia (90 min at ~ 0% O2 ) followed by 10 min reoxygenation, and cyclic hypoxia (5 cycles of 15 min at ~ 0% O2 and 10 min reoxygenation) on isolated mitochondria from the gill and the digestive gland of Crassostrea gigas respiring on pyruvate, palmitate, or succinate. Constant hypoxia suppressed oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), particularly during Complex I-linked substrates oxidation. It had no effect on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) efflux but increased fractional electron leak (FEL). In mitochondria oxidizing Complex I substrates, exposure to cyclic hypoxia prompted a significant drop after the first H/R cycle. In contrast, succinate-driven respiration only showed significant decline after the third to fifth H/R cycle. ROS efflux saw little change during cyclic hypoxia regardless of the oxidized substrate, but Complex I-driven FEL tended to increase with each subsequent H/R cycle. These observations suggest that succinate may serve as a beneficial stress fuel under H/R conditions, aiding in the post-hypoxic recovery of oysters by reducing oxidative stress and facilitating rapid ATP re-synthesis. The impacts of constant and cyclic hypoxia of similar duration on mitochondrial respiration and oxidative lesions in the proteins were comparable indicating that the mitochondrial damage is mostly determined by the lack of oxygen and mitochondrial depolarization. The ROS efflux in the mitochondria of oysters was minimally affected by oxygen fluctuations indicating that tight regulation of ROS production may contribute to robust mitochondrial phenotype of oysters and protect against H/R induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Adzigbli
- Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Genome Biology, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Inna Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
- Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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Tregub PP, Kulikov VP, Ibrahimli I, Tregub OF, Volodkin AV, Ignatyuk MA, Kostin AA, Atiakshin DA. Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroprotection after the Intermittent Exposures of Hypercapnic Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3665. [PMID: 38612476 PMCID: PMC11011936 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The review introduces the stages of formation and experimental confirmation of the hypothesis regarding the mutual potentiation of neuroprotective effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia during their combined influence (hypercapnic hypoxia). The main focus is on the mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the formation of ischemic tolerance in the brain during intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia. Importantly, the combined effect of hypoxia and hypercapnia exerts a more pronounced neuroprotective effect compared to their separate application. Some signaling systems are associated with the predominance of the hypoxic stimulus (HIF-1α, A1 receptors), while others (NF-κB, antioxidant activity, inhibition of apoptosis, maintenance of selective blood-brain barrier permeability) are mainly modulated by hypercapnia. Most of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the formation of brain tolerance to ischemia are due to the contribution of both excess carbon dioxide and oxygen deficiency (ATP-dependent potassium channels, chaperones, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial metabolism reprogramming). Overall, experimental studies indicate the dominance of hypercapnia in the neuroprotective effect of its combined action with hypoxia. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of hypercapnic-hypoxic training in the treatment of childhood cerebral palsy and diabetic polyneuropathy in children. Combining hypercapnic hypoxia with pharmacological modulators of neuro/cardio/cytoprotection signaling pathways is likely to be promising for translating experimental research into clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel P. Tregub
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Brain Science Institute, Research Center of Neurology, 125367 Moscow, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Vladimir P. Kulikov
- Department of Ultrasound and Functional Diagnostics, Altay State Medical University, 656040 Barnaul, Russia;
| | - Irada Ibrahimli
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Artem V. Volodkin
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Michael A. Ignatyuk
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Kostin
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Dmitrii A. Atiakshin
- Scientific and Educational Resource Center “Innovative Technologies of Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis”, RUDN University, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.V.); (M.A.I.); (A.A.K.); (D.A.A.)
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Rahane D, Dhingra T, Chalavady G, Datta A, Ghosh B, Rana N, Borah A, Saraf S, Bhattacharya P. Hypoxia and its effect on the cellular system. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3940. [PMID: 38379257 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells utilize oxygen for different functions of cell organelles owing to cellular survival. A balanced oxygen homeostasis is an essential requirement to maintain the regulation of normal cellular systems. Any changes in the oxygen level are stressful and can alter the expression of different homeostasis regulatory genes and proteins. Lack of oxygen or hypoxia results in oxidative stress and formation of hypoxia inducible factors (HIF) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Substantial cellular damages due to hypoxia have been reported to play a major role in various pathological conditions. There are different studies which demonstrated that the functions of cellular system are disrupted by hypoxia. Currently, study on cellular effects following hypoxia is an important field of research as it not only helps to decipher different signaling pathway modulation, but also helps to explore novel therapeutic strategies. On the basis of the beneficial effect of hypoxia preconditioning of cellular organelles, many therapeutic investigations are ongoing as a promising disease management strategy in near future. Hence, the present review discusses about the effects of hypoxia on different cellular organelles, mechanisms and their involvement in the progression of different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipali Rahane
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Tannu Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Guruswami Chalavady
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Bijoyani Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikita Rana
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Jędrejko K, Catlin O, Stewart T, Muszyńska B. Mexidol, Cytoflavin, and succinic acid derivatives as antihypoxic, anti-ischemic metabolic modulators, and ergogenic aids in athletes and consideration of their potential as performance enhancing drugs. Drug Test Anal 2024. [PMID: 38403950 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Emoxypine (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine) is a synthetic derivative of vitamin B6 . Emoxypine succinate is a registered drug in Russia and Ukraine under various trade names including Mexidol, Mexicor, and Armadin Long. Mexidol demonstrates antihypoxic and anti-ischemic effects and also modulates metabolism. The use of Mexidol by Russian athletes has been confirmed in the past. Current use by athletes is unknown as this drug is not monitored or included in drug testing protocol. Metabotropic and antihypoxic effects of Mexidol were compared to the effects of meldonium or trimetazidine, both of which are included on the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Prohibited List in category S4.4. Metabolic Modulators. The conjugation of emoxypine with succinate elevates the therapeutic effectiveness of the Mexidol formulation as succinic acid itself has important impacts to consider despite being a common food additive and drug excipient. Other succinic acid salts like ammonium succinate, found as dietary supplement, have been patented as performance enhancers. Available research on healthy subjects suggests that combinations of selected 3-substituted pyridine derivatives with succinate including Mexidol and a related drug Cytoflavin can enhance the performance of athletes. Cytoflavin is a multi-component formula containing meglumine sodium succinate, nicotinamide (vitamin B3 ), inosine (riboxin), and riboflavin. Other related succinate-based drugs include Remaxol, Reamberin, and Cogitum. Mexidol and Cytoflavin and related substances exhibit similar biological effects as drugs on the WADA Prohibited List, and if they are used for performance enhancement by athletes, they could be worthy of consideration as prohibited substances in sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Jędrejko
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Oliver Catlin
- Banned Substances Control Group (BSCG), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Timothy Stewart
- Banned Substances Control Group (BSCG), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Bożena Muszyńska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Wu YL, Christodoulou AG, Beumer JH, Rigatti LH, Fisher R, Ross M, Watkins S, Cortes DRE, Ruck C, Manzoor S, Wyman SK, Stapleton MC, Goetzman E, Bharathi S, Wipf P, Tan T, Eiseman JL, Christner SM, Guo J, Lo CWY, Epperly MW, Greenberger JS. Mitigation of Fetal Irradiation Injury from Mid-Gestation Total Body Radiation with Mitochondrial-Targeted GS-Nitroxide JP4-039. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.13.580105. [PMID: 38405696 PMCID: PMC10888932 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.13.580105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Victims of a radiation terrorist event will include pregnant women and unborn fetuses. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are key pathogenic factors of fetal irradiation injury. The goal of this preclinical study is to investigate the efficacy of mitigating fetal irradiation injury by maternal administration of the mitochondrial-targeted gramicidin S (GS)- nitroxide radiation mitigator, JP4-039. Pregnant female C57BL/6NTac mice received 3 Gy total body ionizing irradiation (TBI) at mid-gestation embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5). Using novel time- and-motion-resolved 4D in utero magnetic resonance imaging (4D-uMRI), we found TBI caused extensive injury to the fetal brain that included cerebral hemorrhage, loss of cerebral tissue, and hydrocephalus with excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Histopathology of the fetal mouse brain showed broken cerebral vessels and elevated apoptosis. Further use of novel 4D Oxy-wavelet MRI capable of probing in vivo mitochondrial function in intact brain revealed significant reduction of mitochondrial function in the fetal brain after 3Gy TBI. This was validated by ex vivo Oroboros mitochondrial respirometry. Maternal administration JP4-039 one day after TBI (E14.5), which can pass through the placental barrier, significantly reduced fetal brain radiation injury and improved fetal brain mitochondrial respiration. This also preserved cerebral brain tissue integrity and reduced cerebral hemorrhage and cell death. As JP4-039 administration did not change litter sizes or fetus viability, together these findings indicate JP4-039 can be deployed as a safe and effective mitigator of fetal radiation injury from mid-gestational in utero ionizing radiation exposure. One Sentence Summary Mitochondrial-targeted gramicidin S (GS)-nitroxide JP4-039 is safe and effective radiation mitigator for mid-gestational fetal irradiation injury.
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7
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Duan G, Song C, Liu Y, Fu Z, Zhang C, Han X, Li Y, Zhou Y. Study on the dynamic effects of plateau hypoxic and cold environment on the thermal adaptation of short-term sojourners in Xizang. J Therm Biol 2024; 119:103774. [PMID: 38128423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The plateau hypoxic environment can affect the thermoregulation process of the human body, and due to the different acclimatization ability to the hypoxic environment, the thermal requirements among the people who enter Xizang at different times may be different. Accordingly, this study aims to clarify how plateau hypoxic environments influence the physiological and subjective responses of people entering Xizang at different times. And field experiments were conducted in Xi'an and Lhasa, respectively, to compare the thermal responses and oxygen responses of the subjects under different temperature conditions on the plain, the first day of entering Xizang and the 15th day of entering Xizang. The results showed that under the hypoxic environment, the thermal sensation of the subjects decreased. With the extension of the time entering Xizang, the influence of the hypoxic environment on thermal comfort was gradually weakened, but under the low temperature environment, the effect of hypoxia on thermal response was not significantly reduced. The results of this study can help to reveal how plateau hypoxic environments affect human thermal comfort and provide a theoretical basis for the design of indoor thermal environment parameters suitable for sojourners entering Xizang at different times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Duan
- School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Cong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Green Building, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China; School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China.
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Building, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China; School of Building Services Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
| | - Zhiguo Fu
- Xizang Autonomous Region Construction Survey and Design Institute, Lhasa, Xizang, 850000, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Xizang Autonomous Region Construction Survey and Design Institute, Lhasa, Xizang, 850000, China
| | - Xu Han
- Institute of Military Environmental Teaching & Research, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210007, China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Military Environmental Teaching & Research, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210007, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- School of Management, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710055, China
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8
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Burtscher J, Hohenauer E, Burtscher M, Millet GP, Egg M. Environmental and behavioral regulation of HIF-mitochondria crosstalk. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 206:63-73. [PMID: 37385566 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia) can lead to cell and organ damage. Therefore, aerobic species depend on efficient mechanisms to counteract detrimental consequences of hypoxia. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) and mitochondria are integral components of the cellular response to hypoxia and coordinate both distinct and highly intertwined adaptations. This leads to reduced dependence on oxygen, improved oxygen supply, maintained energy provision by metabolic remodeling and tapping into alternative pathways and increased resilience to hypoxic injuries. On one hand, many pathologies are associated with hypoxia and hypoxia can drive disease progression, for example in many cancer and neurological diseases. But on the other hand, controlled induction of hypoxia responses via HIFs and mitochondria can elicit profound health benefits and increase resilience. To tackle pathological hypoxia conditions or to apply health-promoting hypoxia exposures efficiently, cellular and systemic responses to hypoxia need to be well understood. Here we first summarize the well-established link between HIFs and mitochondria in orchestrating hypoxia-induced adaptations and then outline major environmental and behavioral modulators of their interaction that remain poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Erich Hohenauer
- Rehabilitation and Exercise Science Laboratory (RES Lab), Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland; International University of Applied Sciences THIM, Landquart, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Movement Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Margit Egg
- Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Dzhalilova DS, Zolotova NA, Mkhitarov VA, Kosyreva AM, Tsvetkov IS, Khalansky AS, Alekseeva AI, Fatkhudinov TH, Makarova OV. Morphological and molecular-biological features of glioblastoma progression in tolerant and susceptible to hypoxia Wistar rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12694. [PMID: 37542119 PMCID: PMC10403616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a major pathogenetic factor in many cancers. Individual resistance to suboptimal oxygen availability is subject to broad variation and its possible role in tumorigenesis remains underexplored. This study aimed at specific characterization of glioblastoma progression in male tolerant and susceptible to hypoxia Wistar rats. Hypoxia resistance was assessed by gasping time measurement in an 11,500 m altitude-equivalent hypobaric decompression chamber. Based on the outcome, the animals were assigned to three groups termed 'tolerant to hypoxia' (n = 13), 'normal', and 'susceptible to hypoxia' (n = 24). The 'normal' group was excluded from subsequent experiments. One month later, the animals underwent inoculation with rat glioblastoma 101.8 followed by monitoring of survival, body weight dynamics and neurological symptoms. The animals were sacrificed on post-inoculation days 11 (subgroup 1) and 15 (subgroup 2). Relative vessels number, necrosis areas and Ki-67 index were assessed microscopically; tumor volumes were determined by 3D reconstruction from histological images; serum levels of HIF-1α, IL-1β, and TNFα were determined by ELISA. None of the tolerant to hypoxia animals died of the disease during observation period, cf. 85% survival on day 11 and 55% survival on day 15 in the susceptible group. On day 11, proliferative activity of the tumors in the tolerant animals was higher compared with the susceptible group. On day 15, proliferative activity, necrosis area and volume of the tumors in the tolerant to hypoxia animals were higher compared with the susceptible group. ELISA revealed no dynamics in TNFα levels, elevated levels of IL-1β in the susceptible animals on day 15 in comparison with day 11 and tolerant ones. Moreover, there were elevated levels of HIF-1α in the tolerant animals on day 15 in comparison with day 11. Thus, the proliferative activity of glioblastoma cells and the content of HIF-1α were higher in tolerant to hypoxia rats, but the mortality associated with the tumor process and IL-1β level in them were lower than in susceptible animals. Specific features of glioblastoma 101.8 progression in tolerant and susceptible to hypoxia rats, including survival, tumor growth rates and IL-1β level, can become the basis of new personalized approaches for cancer diseases treatment in accordance to individual hypoxia resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sh Dzhalilova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418.
| | - N A Zolotova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418
| | - V A Mkhitarov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418
| | - A M Kosyreva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, Russia, 117198
| | - I S Tsvetkov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418
| | - A S Khalansky
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418
| | - A I Alekseeva
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418
| | - T H Fatkhudinov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, Russia, 117198
| | - O V Makarova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, Russia, 117418
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10
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Shchulkin AV, Mylnikov PY, Chernykh IV, Esenina AS, Yakusheva EN. Pharmacokinetics of Succinate in Rats after Intravenous Administration of Mexidol. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023:10.1007/s10517-023-05810-5. [PMID: 37338763 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05810-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of succinate was studied in Wistar rats after a single intravenous administration of Mexidol in a dose 100 mg/kg body weight. The concentration of succinate in blood plasma, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial fractions of cells of the cerebral cortex, left-ventricular myocardium, and liver was measured by HPLC-MS/MS. After single intravenous administration of Mexidol, succinate was evenly distributed in organs and tissues and quickly eliminated from the body. The pharmacokinetics of succinate was described by a two-chamber model. An increase in the level of succinate in the cytoplasmic fraction of the liver, myocardium, and cerebral cortex cells and a minor increase in the mitochondrial fraction were observed. The maximum increase in the level of succinate in the cytoplasmic fraction was observed in the liver tissue, a less pronounced elevation was observed in the cerebral cortex and myocardium; no significant differences between the cerebral cortex and myocardium were observed by this parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Shchulkin
- Ryazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia.
| | - P Yu Mylnikov
- Ryazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia
| | - I V Chernykh
- Ryazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia
| | - A S Esenina
- Ryazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia
| | - E N Yakusheva
- Ryazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ryazan, Russia
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11
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Kurhaluk N. The Effectiveness of L-arginine in Clinical Conditions Associated with Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098205. [PMID: 37175912 PMCID: PMC10179183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The review summarises the data of the last 50 years on the effectiveness of the amino acid L-arginine in therapeutic practice in conditions accompanied by different-origin hypoxia. The aim of this review was to analyse the literature and our research data on the role of nitric oxide in the modulation of individual physiological reactivity to hypoxia. The review considers the possibility of eliminating methodological conflicts in the case of L-arginine, which can be solved by taking into account individual physiological reactivity (or the hypoxia resistance factor). Considerable attention is paid to genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia and conditions of adaptation in different models. The article presents data on the clinical effectiveness of L-arginine in cardiovascular system diseases (hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, etc.) and stress disorders associated with these diseases. The review presents a generalised analysis of techniques, data on L-arginine use by athletes, and the ambiguous role of NO in the physiology and pathology of hypoxic states shown via nitric oxide synthesis. Data on the protective effects of adaptation in the formation of individual high reactivity in sportsmen are demonstrated. The review demonstrates a favourable effect of supplementation with L-arginine and its application depending on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation processes and biochemical indices in groups of individuals with low and high capacity of adaptation to hypoxia. In individuals with high initial anti-hypoxic reserves, these favourable effects are achieved by the blockade of NO-dependent biosynthesis pathways. Therefore, the methodological tasks of physiological experiments and the therapeutic consequences of treatment should include a component depending on the basic level of physiological reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski St. 22 B, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
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12
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Jia YZ, Liu J, Wang GQ, Pan H, Huang TZ, Liu R, Zhang Y. HIG1 domain family member 1A is a crucial regulator of disorders associated with hypoxia. Mitochondrion 2023; 69:171-182. [PMID: 36804467 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in cellular energy conversion, metabolism, and cell proliferation. The regulation of mitochondrial function by HIGD1A, which is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria, is essential to maintain cell survival under hypoxic conditions. In recent years, there have been shown other cellular pathways and mechanisms involving HIGD1A diametrically or through its interaction. As a novel regulator, HIGD1A maintains mitochondrial integrity and enhances cell viability under hypoxic conditions, increasing cell resistance to hypoxia. HIGD1A mainly targets cytochrome c oxidase by regulating downstream signaling pathways, which affects the ATP generation system and subsequently alters mitochondrial respiratory function. In addition, HIGD1A plays a dual role in cell survival in distinct degree hypoxia regions of the tumor. Under mild and moderate anoxic areas, HIGD1A acts as a positive regulator to promote cell growth. However, HIGD1A plays a role in inhibiting cell growth but retaining cellular activity under severe anoxic areas. We speculate that HIGD1A engages in tumor recurrence and drug resistance mechanisms. This review will focus on data concerning how HIGD1A regulates cell viability under hypoxic conditions. Therefore, HIGD1A could be a potential therapeutic target for hypoxia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Zhao Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Geng-Qiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tie-Zeng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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13
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Pchelin P, Shkarupa D, Smetanina N, Grigorieva T, Lapshin R, Schelchkova N, Machneva T, Bavrina A. Red light photobiomodulation rescues murine brain mitochondrial respiration after acute hypobaric hypoxia. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 239:112643. [PMID: 36610350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy, or photobiomodulation, utilizes red or near-infrared light for the treatment of pathological conditions due to the presence of intracellular photoacceptors, such as mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase, that serve as intermediates for the therapeutic effects. We present an in-detail analysis of the effect of low-intensity LED red light irradiation on the respiratory chain of brain mitochondria. We tested whether low-level laser therapy at 650 nm could alleviate the brain mitochondrial dysfunction in the model of acute hypobaric hypoxia in mice. The irradiation of the mitochondrial fraction of the left cerebral cortex with low-intensity LED red light rescued Complex I-supported respiration during oxidative phosphorylation, normalized the initial polarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane, but has not shown any significant effect on the activity of Complex IV. In comparison, the postponed effect (in 24 h) of the similar transcranial irradiation following hypoxic exposure led to a less pronounced improvement of the mitochondrial functional state, but normalized respiration related to ATP production and membrane polarization. In contrast, the similar irradiation of the mitochondria isolated from control healthy animals exerted an inhibitory effect on CI-supported respiration. The obtained results provide significant insight that can be beneficial for the development of non-invasive phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Pchelin
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, 23 Gagarin Avenue, Nizhny Novgorod 603002, Russia.
| | - Daria Shkarupa
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, 23 Gagarin Avenue, Nizhny Novgorod 603002, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Smetanina
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, 23 Gagarin Avenue, Nizhny Novgorod 603002, Russia
| | - Tatiana Grigorieva
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, 23 Gagarin Avenue, Nizhny Novgorod 603002, Russia
| | - Roman Lapshin
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Natalia Schelchkova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, 23 Gagarin Avenue, Nizhny Novgorod 603002, Russia
| | - Tatiana Machneva
- Department of Physics and Math, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanova Street, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Anna Bavrina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
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14
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Christidis P, Vij A, Petousis S, Ghaemmaghami J, Shah BV, Koutroulis I, Kratimenos P. Neuroprotective effect of Src kinase in hypoxia-ischemia: A systematic review. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1049655. [PMID: 36507364 PMCID: PMC9730728 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1049655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the application of therapeutic hypothermia has improved neurodevelopmental outcomes for some survivors of HIE, this lone treatment option is only available to a subset of affected neonates. Src kinase, an enzyme central to the apoptotic cascade, is a potential pharmacologic target to preserve typical brain development after HIE. Here, we present evidence of the neuroprotective effects of targeting Src kinase in preclinical models of HIE. Methods We performed a comprehensive literature search using the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE database to compile studies examining the impact of Src kinase regulation on neurodevelopment in animal models. Each eligible study was assessed for bias. Results Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria, and most studies had an intermediate risk for bias. Together, these studies showed that targeting Src kinase resulted in a neuroprotective effect as assessed by neuropathology, enzymatic activity, and neurobehavioral outcomes. Conclusion Src kinase is an effective neuroprotective target in the setting of acute hypoxic injury. Src kinase inhibition triggers multiple signaling pathways of the sub-membranous focal adhesions and the nucleus, resulting in modulation of calcium signaling and prevention of cell death. Despite the significant heterogeneity of the research studies that we examined, the available evidence can serve as proof-of-concept for further studies on this promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Christidis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Abhya Vij
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stamatios Petousis
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Hippokrateion” General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Javid Ghaemmaghami
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Bhairav V. Shah
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Prisma Health Children's Hospital-Midlands, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ioannis Koutroulis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Panagiotis Kratimenos
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States,*Correspondence: Panagiotis Kratimenos
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15
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Germanova E, Khmil N, Pavlik L, Mikheeva I, Mironova G, Lukyanova L. The Role of Mitochondrial Enzymes, Succinate-Coupled Signaling Pathways and Mitochondrial Ultrastructure in the Formation of Urgent Adaptation to Acute Hypoxia in the Myocardium. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214248. [PMID: 36430733 PMCID: PMC9696391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of a single one-hour exposure to three modes of hypobaric hypoxia (HBH) differed in the content of O2 in inhaled air (FiO2-14%, 10%, 8%) in the development of mitochondrial-dependent adaptive processes in the myocardium was studied in vivo. The following parameters have been examined: (a) an urgent reaction of catalytic subunits of mitochondrial enzymes (NDUFV2, SDHA, Cyt b, COX2, ATP5A) in the myocardium as an indicator of the state of the respiratory chain electron transport function; (b) an urgent activation of signaling pathways dependent on GPR91, HIF-1α and VEGF, allowing us to assess their role in the formation of urgent mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia in the myocardium; (c) changes in the ultrastructure of three subpopulations of myocardial mitochondria under these conditions. The studies were conducted on two rat phenotypes: rats with low resistance (LR) and high resistance (HR) to hypoxia. The adaptive and compensatory role of the mitochondrial complex II (MC II) in maintaining the electron transport and energy function of the myocardium in a wide range of reduced O2 concentrations in the initial period of hypoxic exposure has been established. The features of urgent reciprocal regulatory interaction of NAD- and FAD-dependent oxidation pathways in myocardial mitochondria under these conditions have been revealed. The data indicating the participation of GPR91, HIF-1a and VEGF in this process have been obtained. The ultrastructure of the mitochondrial subpopulations in the myocardium of LR and HR rats differed in normoxic conditions and reacted differently to hypoxia of varying severity. The parameters studied together are highly informative indicators of the quality of cardiac activity and metabolic biomarkers of urgent adaptation in various hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elita Germanova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltijskaya Str., Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Natalya Khmil
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Lyubov Pavlik
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Irina Mikheeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Galina Mironova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Ludmila Lukyanova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltijskaya Str., Moscow 125315, Russia
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (L.L.)
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16
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Siwicka-Gieroba D, Robba C, Gołacki J, Badenes R, Dabrowski W. Cerebral Oxygen Delivery and Consumption in Brain-Injured Patients. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1763. [PMID: 36573716 PMCID: PMC9698645 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Organism survival depends on oxygen delivery and utilization to maintain the balance of energy and toxic oxidants production. This regulation is crucial to the brain, especially after acute injuries. Secondary insults after brain damage may include impaired cerebral metabolism, ischemia, intracranial hypertension and oxygen concentration disturbances such as hypoxia or hyperoxia. Recent data highlight the important role of clinical protocols in improving oxygen delivery and resulting in lower mortality in brain-injured patients. Clinical protocols guide the rules for oxygen supplementation based on physiological processes such as elevation of oxygen supply (by mean arterial pressure (MAP) and intracranial pressure (ICP) modulation, cerebral vasoreactivity, oxygen capacity) and reduction of oxygen demand (by pharmacological sedation and coma or hypothermia). The aim of this review is to discuss oxygen metabolism in the brain under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Siwicka-Gieroba
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University in Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Chiara Robba
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jakub Gołacki
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University in Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafael Badenes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical-Trauma Intensive Care, Hospital Clinic Universitari, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Wojciech Dabrowski
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University in Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
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17
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Mikheeva I, Mikhailova G, Zhujkova N, Shtanchaev R, Arkhipov V, Pavlik L. Studying the structure of the nucleus of the trochlear nerve in mice through 7 days of readaptation to earth gravity after spaceflight. Brain Res 2022; 1795:148077. [PMID: 36096199 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The negative effect of hypogravity on the human organism is manifested to a greater extent after the astronauts return to the conditions of habitual gravity. In this work, to elucidate the causes underlying atypical nystagmus, arising after the flight, we studied structural changes in the motoneurons of the trochlear nerve after a 7-day readaptation of mice to the conditions of Earth's gravity. It is known, that motoneurons of the trochlear nerve innervate the muscle that controls the movement of the eyes in the vertical direction. We showed that the number of axodendritic synapses and some other morphological parameters of motoneurons changed by microgravity can return to their original state in 7 days. However, according to some parameters, motoneurons retain a "memory" of the action of microgravity and do not completely restore the structure. The volume of the soma, the shape of the nuclei, the number and orientation of dendrites do not return to pre-flight parameters. The number of dendrites after 7 days of adaptation remained increased, and the proportion of dendrites in the ventrolateral direction became 2.5 times greater than in motoneurons after space flight. The increased number of mitochondria after space flight became even more significant after readaptation. Microgravity-induced plastic changes retain to some extent "memory traces" after readaptation to Earth's gravity. It can be assumed that the restoration of the function of the trochlear nuclei (overcoming nystagmus) is carried out not only by reversible restoration of the structure of neurons, but partially using those mechanisms that are formed in weightlessness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Mikheeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290 Russia.
| | - Gulnara Mikhailova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290 Russia
| | - Natalya Zhujkova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290 Russia
| | - Rashid Shtanchaev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290 Russia
| | - Vladimir Arkhipov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290 Russia
| | - Lyubov Pavlik
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290 Russia
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18
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Arneson D, Zhang G, Ahn IS, Ying Z, Diamante G, Cely I, Palafox-Sanchez V, Gomez-Pinilla F, Yang X. Systems spatiotemporal dynamics of traumatic brain injury at single-cell resolution reveals humanin as a therapeutic target. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:480. [PMID: 35951114 PMCID: PMC9372016 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) remains elusive due to the tissue and cellular heterogeneity of the affected brain regions that underlie cognitive impairments and subsequent neurological disorders. This complexity is further exacerbated by disrupted circuits within and between cell populations across brain regions and the periphery, which occur at different timescales and in spatial domains. METHODS We profiled three tissues (hippocampus, frontal cortex, and blood leukocytes) at the acute (24-h) and subacute (7-day) phases of mTBI at single-cell resolution. RESULTS We demonstrated that the coordinated gene expression patterns across cell types were disrupted and re-organized by TBI at different timescales with distinct regional and cellular patterns. Gene expression-based network modeling implied astrocytes as a key regulator of the cell-cell coordination following mTBI in both hippocampus and frontal cortex across timepoints, and mt-Rnr2, which encodes the mitochondrial peptide humanin, as a potential target for intervention based on its broad regional and dynamic dysregulation following mTBI. Treatment of a murine mTBI model with humanin reversed cognitive impairment caused by mTBI through the restoration of metabolic pathways within astrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our results offer a systems-level understanding of the dynamic and spatial regulation of gene programs by mTBI and pinpoint key target genes, pathways, and cell circuits that are amenable to therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Arneson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Guanglin Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - In Sook Ahn
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Zhe Ying
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Graciel Diamante
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Ingrid Cely
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Victoria Palafox-Sanchez
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Brain Injury Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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19
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Li XL, Wang WG, Li MX, Liu TL, Tian XY, Wu L. Effects of Altitude and Duration of Differing Levels of Hypoxic Exposure on Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α in Rat Tissues. High Alt Med Biol 2022; 23:173-184. [PMID: 35708531 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2021.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Li, Xiao-lin, Wei-gang Wang, Mao-xing Li, Tian-long Liu, Xiu-yu Tian, and Lan Wu. Effects of altitude and duration of differing levels of hypoxic exposure on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in rat tissues. High Alt Med Biol. 23:173-184, 2022. Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the effects of hypoxia at different altitudes and durations on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in rat tissues. Methods: A total of 72 Wistar rats were used to investigate the effect of hypoxia at different durations on rat tissues and 72 Wistar rats were used to investigate the effect of hypoxia at different altitudes. Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of hippocampus tissues, and the expression of HIF-1α of rats under conditions of hypoxia was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Results: According to the pathological results, we found that the degree of the brain, lung, and heart damage and HIF-1α expression, showed an increasing trend as the altitude (1,500, 3,000, 4,500, 6,000, 7,500, and 8,000 m for 12 hours) and duration (0, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 72 hours at 7,500 m) of hypoxia increased. Although there is a significant difference at 8,000 m, considering model stability, animal ethics and cost, we chose 7,500 m as a fixed altitude during hypoxia at different durations. Compared with the normoxic group, the expression of HIF-1α mRNA in the 7,500 m significantly increased by 30.48%, 21.00%, and 12.62%, in brain, lung, and heart tissue (p < 0.01), and HIF-1α mRNA in the 72-hour hypoxic exposure group significantly increased by 52.58%, 20.39%, 27.88% in tissues (p < 0.05). Compared with the normoxic group, HIF-1α protein expressions in the 7,500 m significantly increased by 10.26%, 31.71%, and 13.33% in brain, lung, and heart tissue (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.05), and HIF-1α protein expressions in the 72-hour hypoxic exposure group significantly increased by 18.89%, 22.89%, and 29.75% in tissues (p < 0.05). Conclusion: HIF-1α expression in the rat was correlated with altitude and duration of hypoxic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Plateau Pharmaceutical Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei-Gang Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Plateau Pharmaceutical Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mao-Xing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Plateau Pharmaceutical Technology Center, Lanzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Chemical Technology, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tian-Long Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Plateau Pharmaceutical Technology Center, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Yu Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Plateau Pharmaceutical Technology Center, Lanzhou, China.,College of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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20
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Stoica SI, Bleotu C, Ciobanu V, Ionescu AM, Albadi I, Onose G, Munteanu C. Considerations about Hypoxic Changes in Neuraxis Tissue Injuries and Recovery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:481. [PMID: 35203690 PMCID: PMC8962344 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia represents the temporary or longer-term decrease or deprivation of oxygen in organs, tissues, and cells after oxygen supply drops or its excessive consumption. Hypoxia can be (para)-physiological-adaptive-or pathological. Thereby, the mechanisms of hypoxia have many implications, such as in adaptive processes of normal cells, but to the survival of neoplastic ones, too. Ischemia differs from hypoxia as it means a transient or permanent interruption or reduction of the blood supply in a given region or tissue and consequently a poor provision with oxygen and energetic substratum-inflammation and oxidative stress damages generating factors. Considering the implications of hypoxia on nerve tissue cells that go through different ischemic processes, in this paper, we will detail the molecular mechanisms by which such structures feel and adapt to hypoxia. We will present the hypoxic mechanisms and changes in the CNS. Also, we aimed to evaluate acute, subacute, and chronic central nervous hypoxic-ischemic changes, hoping to understand better and systematize some neuro-muscular recovery methods necessary to regain individual independence. To establish the link between CNS hypoxia, ischemic-lesional mechanisms, and neuro-motor and related recovery, we performed a systematic literature review following the" Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA") filtering method by interrogating five international medical renown databases, using, contextually, specific keywords combinations/"syntaxes", with supplementation of the afferent documentation through an amount of freely discovered, also contributive, bibliographic resources. As a result, 45 papers were eligible according to the PRISMA-inspired selection approach, thus covering information on both: intimate/molecular path-physiological specific mechanisms and, respectively, consequent clinical conditions. Such a systematic process is meant to help us construct an article structure skeleton giving a primary objective input about the assembly of the literature background to be approached, summarised, and synthesized. The afferent contextual search (by keywords combination/syntaxes) we have fulfilled considerably reduced the number of obtained articles. We consider this systematic literature review is warranted as hypoxia's mechanisms have opened new perspectives for understanding ischemic changes in the CNS neuraxis tissue/cells, starting at the intracellular level and continuing with experimental research to recover the consequent clinical-functional deficits better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Isabelle Stoica
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” (UMPCD), 020022 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.S.); (A.M.I.)
- Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Vlad Ciobanu
- Computer Science Department, Politehnica University of Bucharest (PUB), 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anca Mirela Ionescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” (UMPCD), 020022 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.S.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Irina Albadi
- Teaching Emergency County Hospital “Sf. Apostol Andrei”, 900591 Constanta, Romania;
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Gelu Onose
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” (UMPCD), 020022 Bucharest, Romania; (S.I.S.); (A.M.I.)
- Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), 041915 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Munteanu
- Teaching Emergency Hospital “Bagdasar-Arseni” (TEHBA), 041915 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Research, Romanian Association of Balneology, 022251 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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21
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Juhász L, Tallósy SP, Nászai A, Varga G, Érces D, Boros M. Bioactivity of Inhaled Methane and Interactions With Other Biological Gases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:824749. [PMID: 35071248 PMCID: PMC8777024 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.824749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have demonstrated explicit bioactivity for exogenous methane (CH4), even though it is conventionally considered as physiologically inert. Other reports cited in this review have demonstrated that inhaled, normoxic air-CH4 mixtures can modulate the in vivo pathways involved in oxidative and nitrosative stress responses and key events of mitochondrial respiration and apoptosis. The overview is divided into two parts, the first being devoted to a brief review of the effects of biologically important gases in the context of hypoxia, while the second part deals with CH4 bioactivity. Finally, the consequence of exogenous, normoxic CH4 administration is discussed under experimental hypoxia- or ischaemia-linked conditions and in interactions between CH4 and other biological gases, with a special emphasis on its versatile effects demonstrated in pulmonary pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Juhász
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Péter Tallósy
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Nászai
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Varga
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dániel Érces
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mihály Boros
- Institute of Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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22
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Kaur MM, Sharma DS. Mitochondrial repair as potential pharmacological target in cerebral ischemia. Mitochondrion 2022; 63:23-31. [PMID: 34999014 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia and its consequences like transient ischemic attack, aneurysm and stroke are the common and devastating conditions which remain the leading cause of mortality after coronary heart disease in developed countries and are the greatest cause of disability, leaving 50% of survivors permanently disabled. Despite recognition of risk factors and mechanisms involved in the pathology of the disease, treatment of ischemic disorders is limited to thrombolytic drugs like recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and clinical rendition of the neuroprotective agents have not been so successful. Recent studies evidenced the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in neuronal damage that occurred after cerebral ischemia. This review article will focus on the various fundamental mechanisms responsible for neuronal damage because of mitochondrial dysfunction including cell signaling pathways, autophagy, apoptosis/necrosis, generation of reactive oxygen species, calcium overload, the opening of membrane permeability transition pore (mPTP), mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis. Recent studies have concerned the significant role of mitochondrial biogenesis in mitochondrial repair and transfer of healthy mitochondria from astrocytes to the damaged neurons, providing neuroprotection and neural recovery following ischemia. Novel and influential studies have evidenced the significant role of mitochondria transfer and mitochondrial transplantation in reviving cell energy and in replacement of impaired or dysfunctional mitochondria with healthy mitochondria after ischemic episode. This review article will focus on recent advances in mitochondrial interventions and exogenous therapeutic modalities like mitochondria transfer technique, employment of stem cells, mitochondrial transplantation, miRNA inhibition and mitochondrial-targeted Sirtuin1 activator for designing novel and promising treatment for cerebral ischemia induced pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ms Mandeep Kaur
- Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CT University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
| | - Dr Saurabh Sharma
- Principal and Head, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CT University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
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23
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Averbeck D, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C. Role of Mitochondria in Radiation Responses: Epigenetic, Metabolic, and Signaling Impacts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011047. [PMID: 34681703 PMCID: PMC8541263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recently, radiation effects have been considered to be mainly due to nuclear DNA damage and their management by repair mechanisms. However, molecular biology studies reveal that the outcomes of exposures to ionizing radiation (IR) highly depend on activation and regulation through other molecular components of organelles that determine cell survival and proliferation capacities. As typical epigenetic-regulated organelles and central power stations of cells, mitochondria play an important pivotal role in those responses. They direct cellular metabolism, energy supply and homeostasis as well as radiation-induced signaling, cell death, and immunological responses. This review is focused on how energy, dose and quality of IR affect mitochondria-dependent epigenetic and functional control at the cellular and tissue level. Low-dose radiation effects on mitochondria appear to be associated with epigenetic and non-targeted effects involved in genomic instability and adaptive responses, whereas high-dose radiation effects (>1 Gy) concern therapeutic effects of radiation and long-term outcomes involving mitochondria-mediated innate and adaptive immune responses. Both effects depend on radiation quality. For example, the increased efficacy of high linear energy transfer particle radiotherapy, e.g., C-ion radiotherapy, relies on the reduction of anastasis, enhanced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and immunogenic (antitumor) responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietrich Averbeck
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology, PRISME, UMR CNRS 5822/IN2P3, IP2I, Lyon-Sud Medical School, University Lyon 1, 69921 Oullins, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Claire Rodriguez-Lafrasse
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology, PRISME, UMR CNRS 5822/IN2P3, IP2I, Lyon-Sud Medical School, University Lyon 1, 69921 Oullins, France;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Lyon-Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
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24
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Dzhalilova D, Kosyreva A, Vishnyakova P, Zolotova N, Tsvetkov I, Mkhitarov V, Mikhailova L, Kakturskiy L, Makarova O. Age-related differences in hypoxia-associated genes and cytokine profile in male Wistar rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08085. [PMID: 34632150 PMCID: PMC8488852 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia tolerance of the organism depends on many factors, including age. High newborn organisms tolerance and high level of oxidative stress throughout aging were demonstrated by many studies. However, there is lack of investigations reflecting the expression of key hypoxia-inducible factor HIF in different age organisms in correlation to levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Liver is a sensitive to hypoxia organ, and is an important organ in providing an acute reaction to infections – it synthesizes acute inflammation phase proteins, in particular, C-reactive protein. The aim of study was to determine relationship between age-related tolerance to hypoxia and HIF-1 and PHD2 (prolyl hydroxylase domain protein) expression levels in the liver and the production of cytokines in the spleen in newborn, prepubertal and adult Wistar rats. Newborn rats are characterized by high mRNA Hif-1α expression level in the liver, accompanied by a low content of HIF-1 protein and high level of PHD2. The growth in HIF-1α protein level throughout age is accompanied by the growth of pro-inflammatory cytokines level. Prepubertal animals are the least hypoxia resistant and their HIF-1α mRNA expression level was higher than in adult animals. The PHD2 activity in prepubertal animals was significantly reduced in comparison to newborn rats, and the HIF-1α protein level did not change. Further studies require the identification of additional mechanisms, determining the regulation of the HIF-1α level in prepubertal animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzhuliia Dzhalilova
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Tsurupa st., 3, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Kosyreva
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Tsurupa st., 3, Moscow, Russia.,Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Miklukho-Maklaya st. 6, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Miklukho-Maklaya st. 6, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997, Oparina st., 4, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Zolotova
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Tsurupa st., 3, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Tsvetkov
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Tsurupa st., 3, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Mkhitarov
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Tsurupa st., 3, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liliya Mikhailova
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Tsurupa st., 3, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lev Kakturskiy
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Tsurupa st., 3, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Makarova
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418, Tsurupa st., 3, Moscow, Russia
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25
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Glucocorticoid-Dependent Mechanisms of Brain Tolerance to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157982. [PMID: 34360746 PMCID: PMC8348130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of organisms to stressors is coordinated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA), which involves glucocorticoids (GCs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). Although the effects of GCs are well characterized, their impact on brain adaptation to hypoxia/ischemia is still understudied. The brain is not only the most susceptible to hypoxic injury, but also vulnerable to GC-induced damage, which makes studying the mechanisms of brain hypoxic tolerance and resistance to stress-related elevation of GCs of great importance. Cross-talk between the molecular mechanisms activated in neuronal cells by hypoxia and GCs provides a platform for developing the most effective and safe means for prevention and treatment of hypoxia-induced brain damage, including hypoxic pre- and post-conditioning. Taking into account that hypoxia- and GC-induced reprogramming significantly affects the development of organisms during embryogenesis, studies of the effects of prenatal and neonatal hypoxia on health in later life are of particular interest. This mini review discusses the accumulated data on the dynamics of the HPA activation in injurious and non-injurious hypoxia, the role of the brain GRs in these processes, interaction of GCs and hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1, as well as cross-talk between GC and hypoxic signaling. It also identifies underdeveloped areas and suggests directions for further prospective studies.
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26
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Levchenkova OS, Novikov VE, Vorobyova VV, Kulagin KN. Activity of ROS-induced processes in the combined preconditioning with amtizol before and after cerebral ischemia in rats. RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.7.66808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The dose-dependent effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tissues in preconditioning (PreC) and oxidative stress, as well as NO-synthase participation in mitochondrial ROS production determined the study aim – to assess the impact of the neuroprotective method of combined preconditioning (CPreC) on free radical reactions (FRRs) in brain in normoxia and in cerebral ischemia, including in NO-synthase blockade.
Materials and methods: The intensity of FRR by iron-induced chemiluminescence (CL), the content of lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant enzyme activity were investigated 1 hr (early period) and 48 hrs (delayed period) after CPreC (amtizol and hypobaric hypoxia) in Wistar rat brain. Some animal groups were operated (common carotid artery bilateral ligation) 1 hr and 48 hrs after CPreC, as well as with preliminary introduction of L-NAME and aminoguanidine.
Results and discussion: In normoxia, CPreC led to increase the CL maximum level (Fmax) in the delayed PreC period. The amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive products (TBA-RP), activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in mitochondrial fraction of rat brain did not change in comparison with the intact control in both PreC periods. In cerebral ischemia, oxidative stress was observed. The CPreC use before ischemia caused a decrease in CL parameters and TBA-RP in brain, the maintenance of SOD and high catalase activity. NO-synthase inhibitors partially abolished the antioxidant effect of CPreC in ischemia.
Conclusion: CPreC had no influence on FRRs in brain tissue in normoxia, but prevented their excessive activation after ischemia, especially in the delayed period. NO-synthase was involved in the CPreC neuroprotection.
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27
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Kurhaluk N, Tkachenko H, Lukash O. Photoperiod-induced alterations in biomarkers of oxidative stress and biochemical pathways in rats of different ages: Focus on individual physiological reactivity. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:1673-1691. [PMID: 34121553 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1939364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Effects of photoperiodicity caused by both the age and individual physiological reactivity estimated by resistance to hypobaric hypoxia on the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation (aldehydic and ketonic derivatives), total antioxidant capacity, activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase), and biochemical parameters of aerobic and anaerobic pathways in hepatic tissue depending on the blood melatonin level were studied. The study was carried out on 96 6- and 21-month-old male rats divided into hypoxia resistance groups (LR, low resistance, HR, high resistance). The analyses were conducted at four photoperiods: winter (January), spring (March), summer (July), and autumn (October). Our results indicate a significant effect of melatonin, i.e. over 80%, revealed by the complete statistical model of the studied biomarkers of oxidative stress and oxygen-dependent parameters of metabolism. The effects of melatonin vary with age and between photoperiods, which in turn was determined by individual physiological reactivity. In terms of the photoperiods, the melatonin content in the group of the adult animals with low resistance to hypoxia decreased from winter to summer. In a group of old animals in comparison with adults, the melatonin content in all the studied photoperiods was much lower as well, regardless of their hypoxia resistance. In the group of old animals with low resistance to hypoxia, the melatonin content decreased throughout the photoperiods as follows: winter, autumn, summer, and spring. As can be concluded, spring is a critical period for old animals, particularly those with low hypoxia resistance. The important role of melatonin in these processes was also confirmed by our correlation analysis between oxidative stress biomarkers, energy-related metabolites, and antioxidant enzymes in the hepatic tissue of rats of different ages, with different resistance to hypoxia, and in different photoperiods. The melatonin concentration in the blood of highly resistant rats was higher than in those with low resistance to hypoxia. Melatonin determines the individual constitutional level of resistance to hypoxia and is responsible for individual enzymatic antioxidative responses, depending on the four photoperiods. Our studies have shown that melatonin levels are related to the redox characteristics of antioxidant defenses against lipid peroxidation and oxidative modification of proteins in old rats with low resistance to hypoxia, compared to a group of highly resistant adults. Finally, the melatonin-related mechanisms of antioxidative protection depend on metabolic processes in hepatic tissue and exhibit photoperiodical variability in adult and old rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Halyna Tkachenko
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | - Oleksandr Lukash
- Department of Ecology and Nature Protection, T.G. Shevchenko National University "Chernihiv Collegium", Chernihiv, Ukraine
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28
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Ramos PM, Bell LC, Wohlgemuth SE, Scheffler TL. Mitochondrial Function in Oxidative and Glycolytic Bovine Skeletal Muscle Postmortem. MEAT AND MUSCLE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22175/mmb.11698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat quality is traditionally associated with anaerobic metabolism due to cessation of the oxygen supply post-mortem. However, mitochondrial (mt) function early postmortem may affect the development of meat quality characteristics, such as adenosine triphosphate levels and pH decline. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate mt function ex vivo during the first 24 h postmortem in muscles with differences in mt content. Samples from longissimus lumborum (LL) and diaphragm (Dia) were taken from steers (n = 6) at 1, 3, and 24 h postmortem and frozen to determine citrate synthase (CS) activity and mt protein expression (immunodetection) or were fresh-preserved for high-resolution respirometry. Integrative oxygen consumption rate (picomoles per second per milligram of tissue) was measured and normalized to CS activity as a proxy for mt content (intrinsic mt function, picomoles per second per unit CS). CS activity (P < 0.001) and mt protein expression (P < 0.001) were greater in Dia, which was reflected in mt respiration. Muscle type affected (P < 0.001) integrative leak respiration and was greater in mt from Dia; oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) was also greater in Dia and influenced by time postmortem (muscle × time: P = 0.01). Intrinsic leak and OXPHOS were affected by muscle and time (muscle × time: P = 0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively), with the most pronounced differences at 24 h postmortem. Stimulation of OXPHOS by cytochrome c as an indicator of outer mt membrane integrity was influenced by muscle and time postmortem (muscle × time: P = 0.03); it was greater in mt from LL. Despite intrinsic differences in respiratory function at 24 h, mt from both muscles were intact and coupled at 1 h postmortem. Reduced content and respiratory function in mt from LL are associated with early fragmentation, which could impact protease activation and subsequently meat quality.
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29
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Prikhodko VA, Selizarova NO, Okovityi SV. [Molecular mechanisms for hypoxia development and adaptation to it. Part I]. Arkh Patol 2021; 83:52-61. [PMID: 33822555 DOI: 10.17116/patol20218302152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a typical pathological process characterized by the occurrence of oxygen deficiency in tissues and cells and accompanied by the development of immediate and delayed compensatory and adaptive reactions. Reprogramming of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) function is one the most essential regulatory mechanisms that allow for immediate adaptation to hypoxia. Succinic acid, or succinate, is involved in this process not only as one of the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TAC) cycle, but also as a signaling molecule. In this connection, the purpose of this review was to systematize the available data on the molecular mechanisms for the development of hypoxia and its adaptation at the ETC/TAC coupling site, as well as on the role of succinic acid in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Prikhodko
- Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - N O Selizarova
- Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - S V Okovityi
- Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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30
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Arias-Reyes C, Soliz J, Joseph V. Mice and Rats Display Different Ventilatory, Hematological, and Metabolic Features of Acclimatization to Hypoxia. Front Physiol 2021; 12:647822. [PMID: 33776799 PMCID: PMC7994900 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.647822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogeographic studies showed that house mice (Mus musculus) originated in the Himalayan region, while common rats (Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus) come from the lowlands of China and India. Accordingly, it has been proposed that its origins gave mice, but not rats, the ability to invade ecological niches at high altitudes (pre-adaptation). This proposal is strongly supported by the fact that house mice are distributed throughout the world, while common rats are practically absent above 2,500 m. Considering that the ability of mammals to colonize high-altitude environments (>2,500 m) is limited by their capability to tolerate reduced oxygen availability, in this work, we hypothesize that divergences in the ventilatory, hematological, and metabolic phenotypes of mice and rats establish during the process of acclimatization to hypoxia (Hx). To test this hypothesis male FVB mice and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to Hx (12% O2) for 0 h (normoxic controls), 6 h, 1, 7, and 21 days. We assessed changes in ventilatory [minute ventilation (VE), respiratory frequency (fR), and tidal volume (VT)], hematological (hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration), and metabolic [whole-body O2 consumption (VO2) and CO2 production (VCO2), and liver mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) parameters]. Compared to rats, results in mice show increased ventilatory, metabolic, and mitochondrial response. In contrast, rats showed quicker and higher hematological response than mice and only minor ventilatory and metabolic adjustments. Our findings may explain, at least in part, why mice, but not rats, were able to colonize high-altitude habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Arias-Reyes
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institute Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jorge Soliz
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institute Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Joseph
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institute Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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31
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Shakova FM, Kirova YI, Silachev DN, Romanova GA, Morozov SG. Protective Effects of PGC-1α Activators on Ischemic Stroke in a Rat Model of Photochemically Induced Thrombosis. Brain Sci 2021; 11:325. [PMID: 33806692 PMCID: PMC8002020 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological induction and activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), a key regulator of ischemic brain tolerance, is a promising direction in neuroprotective therapy. Pharmacological agents with known abilities to modulate cerebral PGC-1α are scarce. This study focused on the potential PGC-1α-modulating activity of Mexidol (2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate) and Semax (ACTH(4-7) analog) in a rat model of photochemical-induced thrombosis (PT) in the prefrontal cortex. Mexidol (100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally, and Semax (25 μg/kg) was administered intranasally, for 7 days each. The expression of PGC-1α and PGC-1α-dependent protein markers of mitochondriogenesis, angiogenesis, and synaptogenesis was measured in the penumbra via immunoblotting at Days 1, 3, 7, and 21 after PT. The nuclear content of PGC-1α was measured immunohistochemically. The suppression of PGC-1α expression was observed in the penumbra from 24 h to 21 days following PT and reflected decreases in both the number of neurons and PGC-1α expression in individual neurons. Administration of Mexidol or Semax was associated with preservation of the neuron number and neuronal expression of PGC-1α, stimulation of the nuclear translocation of PGC-1α, and increased contents of protein markers for PGC-1α activation. This study opens new prospects for the pharmacological modulation of PGC-1α in the ischemic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima M. Shakova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (Y.I.K.); (G.A.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Yuliya I. Kirova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (Y.I.K.); (G.A.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Denis N. Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, Bldg. 40, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Histology, Embryology and Cytology Department, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina A. Romanova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (Y.I.K.); (G.A.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Sergey G. Morozov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (Y.I.K.); (G.A.R.); (S.G.M.)
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A Rationale for Hypoxic and Chemical Conditioning in Huntington's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020582. [PMID: 33430140 PMCID: PMC7826574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by adverse cellular environments and pathological alterations causing neurodegeneration in distinct brain regions. This development is triggered or facilitated by conditions such as hypoxia, ischemia or inflammation and is associated with disruptions of fundamental cellular functions, including metabolic and ion homeostasis. Targeting intracellular downstream consequences to specifically reverse these pathological changes proved difficult to translate to clinical settings. Here, we discuss the potential of more holistic approaches with the purpose to re-establish a healthy cellular environment and to promote cellular resilience. We review the involvement of important molecular pathways (e.g., the sphingosine, δ-opioid receptor or N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor pathways) in neuroprotective hypoxic conditioning effects and how these pathways can be targeted for chemical conditioning. Despite the present scarcity of knowledge on the efficacy of such approaches in neurodegeneration, the specific characteristics of Huntington’s disease may make it particularly amenable for such conditioning techniques. Not only do classical features of neurodegenerative diseases like mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation support this assumption, but also specific Huntington’s disease characteristics: a relatively young age of neurodegeneration, molecular overlap of related pathologies with hypoxic adaptations and sensitivity to brain hypoxia. The aim of this review is to discuss several molecular pathways in relation to hypoxic adaptations that have potential as drug targets in neurodegenerative diseases. We will extract the relevance for Huntington’s disease from this knowledge base.
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Dzhalilova D, Makarova O. Differences in Tolerance to Hypoxia: Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular-Biological Characteristics. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E428. [PMID: 33080959 PMCID: PMC7603118 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia plays an important role in the development of many infectious, inflammatory, and tumor diseases. The predisposition to such disorders is mostly provided by differences in basic tolerance to oxygen deficiency, which we discuss in this review. Except the direct exposure of different-severity hypoxia in decompression chambers or in highland conditions, there are no alternative methods for determining organism tolerance. Due to the variability of the detection methods, differences in many parameters between tolerant and susceptible organisms are still not well-characterized, but some of them can serve as biomarkers of susceptibility to hypoxia. At the moment, several potential biomarkers in conditions after hypoxic exposure have been identified both in experimental animals and humans. The main potential biomarkers are Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1, Heat-Shock Protein 70 (HSP70), and NO. Due to the different mechanisms of various high-altitude diseases, biomarkers may not be highly specific and universal. Therefore, it is extremely important to conduct research on hypoxia susceptibility biomarkers. Moreover, it is important to develop a method for the evaluation of organisms' basic hypoxia tolerance without the necessity of any oxygen deficiency exposure. This can contribute to new personalized medicine approaches' development for diagnostics and the treatment of inflammatory and tumor diseases, taking into account hypoxia tolerance differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzhuliia Dzhalilova
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Research Institute of Human Morphology’, Moscow 117418, Russia;
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Pronounced α-Synuclein Pathology in a Seeding-Based Mouse Model Is Not Sufficient to Induce Mitochondrial Respiration Deficits in the Striatum and Amygdala. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0110-20.2020. [PMID: 32487763 PMCID: PMC7438057 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0110-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that cross talk between α-synuclein pathology formation and mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and related synucleinopathies. While mitochondrial dysfunction is a well-studied phenomenon in the substantia nigra, which is selectively vulnerable in PD and some models thereof, less information is available in other brain regions that are also affected by synuclein pathology. Therefore, we sought to test the hypothesis that early α-synuclein pathology causes mitochondrial dysfunction and that this effect might be exacerbated in conditions of increased vulnerability in affected brain regions, such as the amygdala. We combined a model of intracerebral α-synuclein pathology seeding with chronic glucocorticoid treatment, which models non-motor symptoms of PD and affects amygdala physiology. We measured mitochondrial respiration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and protein abundance as well as α-synuclein pathology in male mice. Chronic corticosterone administration induced mitochondrial hyperactivity in the amygdala. Although injection of α-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFFs) into the striatum resulted in pronounced α-synuclein pathology in both striatum and amygdala, mitochondrial respiration in these brain regions was not compromised, regardless of corticosterone treatment. Our results suggest that early stage α-synuclein pathology does not influence mitochondrial respiration in the striatum and amygdala, even in corticosterone-induced respirational hyperactivity. We discuss our findings in light of relevant literature, warn of a potential publication bias and encourage scientists to report their negative results within the framework of this model.
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Yokota Y, Hara M, Akimoto T, Mizoguchi T, Goto YI, Nishino I, Kamei S, Nakajima H. Late-onset MELAS syndrome with mtDNA 14453G→A mutation masquerading as an acute encephalitis: a case report. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:247. [PMID: 32552696 PMCID: PMC7298965 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01818-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A unique patient with MELAS syndrome, who initially masqueraded as having acute encephalitis and was eventually diagnosed with MELAS syndrome harboring a mtDNA 14453G → A mutation, is described. Case presentation A 74-year-old Japanese man was admitted to another hospital due to acute onset of cognitive impairment and psychosis. After 7 days he was transferred to our hospital with seizures and deteriorating psychosis. The results of primary ancillary tests that included EEG, CSF findings, and brain MRI supported the diagnosis of an acute encephalitis. HSV-DNA and antibodies against neuronal surface antigens in the CSF were all negative. With the assistance of the lactate peak on the brain lesions in the magnetic resonance spectroscopy image and genetic analysis of the biopsied muscle, he was eventually diagnosed with MELAS syndrome harboring mtDNA 14453G → A mutation in the ND6 gene. Conclusions This case provides a caveat that MELAS syndrome can manifest in the symptoms and ancillary tests masquerading as an acute encephalitis caused by infection or autoimmunity. This is the first adult patient seen to harbor the mtDNA14453G → A with a unique onset, which broadens the phenotypic spectrum of MELAS syndrome associated with ND6 gene mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yokota
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi-Kamicyo, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Makoto Hara
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi-Kamicyo, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
| | - Takayoshi Akimoto
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi-Kamicyo, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Mizoguchi
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi-Kamicyo, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichi Goto
- Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kamei
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi-Kamicyo, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.,Center for Neuro-infection, Department of Neurology, Ageo Central General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideto Nakajima
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchi-Kamicyo, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
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Fusaric acid alters Akt and ampk signalling in c57bl/6 mice brain tissue. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 138:111252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Belosludtsev KN, Dubinin MV, Talanov EY, Starinets VS, Tenkov KS, Zakharova NM, Belosludtseva NV. Transport of Ca 2+ and Ca 2+-Dependent Permeability Transition in the Liver and Heart Mitochondria of Rats with Different Tolerance to Acute Hypoxia. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010114. [PMID: 31936494 PMCID: PMC7023097 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The work examines the kinetic parameters of Ca2+ uptake via the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUC) and the opening of the Ca2+-dependent permeability transition pore (MPT pore) in the liver and heart mitochondria of rats with high resistance (HR) and low resistance (LR) to acute hypoxia. We found that the rate of Ca2+ uptake by mitochondria of the liver and heart in HR rats is higher than that in LR rats, which is associated with a higher level of the channel-forming subunit MCU in liver mitochondria of HR rats and a lower content of the dominant-negative channel subunit MCUb in heart mitochondria of HR rats. It was shown that the liver mitochondria of HR rats are more resistant to the induction of the MPT pore than those of LR rats (the calcium retention capacity of liver mitochondria of HR rats was found to be 1.3 times greater than that of LR rats). These data correlate with the fact that the level of F0F1-ATP synthase, a possible structural element of the MPT pore, in the liver mitochondria of HR rats is lower than in LR rats. In heart mitochondria of rats of the two phenotypes, no statistically significant difference in the formation of the MPT pore was revealed. The paper discusses how changes in the expression of the MCUC subunits and the putative components of the MPT pore can affect Ca2+ homeostasis of mitochondria in animals with originally different tolerance to hypoxia and in hypoxia-induced tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola, 424001 Mari El, Russia (K.S.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-929-913-8910
| | - Mikhail V. Dubinin
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola, 424001 Mari El, Russia (K.S.T.)
| | - Eugeny Yu. Talanov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Vlada S. Starinets
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola, 424001 Mari El, Russia (K.S.T.)
| | - Kirill S. Tenkov
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola, 424001 Mari El, Russia (K.S.T.)
| | - Nadezhda M. Zakharova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia
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38
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Vetrovoy O, Sarieva K, Lomert E, Nimiritsky P, Eschenko N, Galkina O, Lyanguzov A, Tyulkova E, Rybnikova E. Pharmacological HIF1 Inhibition Eliminates Downregulation of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Prevents Neuronal Apoptosis in Rat Hippocampus Caused by Severe Hypoxia. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 70:635-646. [PMID: 31865524 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) of glucose metabolism in the brain serves as a primary source of NADPH which in turn plays a crucial role in multiple cellular processes, including maintenance of redox homeostasis and antioxidant defense. In our model of protective mild hypobaric hypoxia in rats (3MHH), an inverse correlation between hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF1) activity and mRNA levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the key enzyme of PPP, was observed. In the present study, it was demonstrated that severe hypobaric hypoxia (SH) induced short-term upregulation of HIF1 alpha-subunit (HIF1α) in the hippocampal CA1 subfield and decreased the activity of G6PD. The levels of NADPH were also reduced, promoting oxidative stress, triggering apoptosis, and neuronal loss. Injection of a HIF1 inhibitor (HIF1i), topotecan hydrochloride (5 mg/kg, i.p.), before SH prevented the upregulation of HIF1α and normalized G6PD activity. In addition, HIF1i injection caused an increase in NADPH levels, normalization of total glutathione levels and of the cellular redox status as well as suppression of free-radical and apoptotic processes. These results demonstrate a new molecular mechanism of post-hypoxic cerebral pathology development which involves HIF1-dependent PPP depletion and support a recently suggested injurious role of HIF1 activation in the acute phase of cerebral hypoxia/ischemia. Application of PPP stimulators in early post-hypoxic/ischemic period might represent a promising neuroprotective strategy. Graphical abstract HIF1-dependent down-regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway contributes to the hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in the rat hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Vetrovoy
- Laboratory of Regulation of Brain Neuron Functions, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb. 6, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia. .,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Kseniia Sarieva
- Laboratory of Regulation of Brain Neuron Functions, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb. 6, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Lomert
- Laboratory of Cell Biology in Culture, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tihoretsky pr. 4, 194064, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Peter Nimiritsky
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Ave. 27-10, 119192, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Ave. 31-5, 119192, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Eschenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Galkina
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Lyanguzov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb. 7-9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Tyulkova
- Laboratory of Regulation of Brain Neuron Functions, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb. 6, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Rybnikova
- Laboratory of Regulation of Brain Neuron Functions, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb. 6, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Serebrovska TV, Grib ON, Portnichenko VI, Serebrovska ZO, Egorov E, Shatylo VB. Intermittent Hypoxia/Hyperoxia Versus Intermittent Hypoxia/Normoxia: Comparative Study in Prediabetes. High Alt Med Biol 2019; 20:383-391. [DOI: 10.1089/ham.2019.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oksana N. Grib
- D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Egor Egorov
- CellAir Construction GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany
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40
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Sheremet NL, Andreeva NA, Shmel'kova MS, Tsigankova PG. [Mitochondrial biogenesis in hereditary optic neuropathies]. Vestn Oftalmol 2019; 135:85-91. [PMID: 31714518 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma201913505185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The article offers a review of mitochondrial biogenesis in hereditary optic neuropathies. It covers the mechanisms of mitochondrial biogenesis, factors affecting it and tools for mitochondrial turnover assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L Sheremet
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11A Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021
| | - N A Andreeva
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11A Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021
| | - M S Shmel'kova
- Research Institute of Eye Diseases, 11A Rossolimo St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 119021
| | - P G Tsigankova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 1 Moskvorech'e St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 115522
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41
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Serebrovska ZO, Serebrovska TV, Kholin VA, Tumanovska LV, Shysh AM, Pashevin DA, Goncharov SV, Stroy D, Grib ON, Shatylo VB, Bachinskaya NY, Egorov E, Xi L, Dosenko VE. Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Training Improves Cognitive Function and Decreases Circulating Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5405. [PMID: 31671598 PMCID: PMC6862463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects not only the central nervous system, but also peripheral blood cells including neutrophils and platelets, which actively participate in pathogenesis of AD through a vicious cycle between platelets aggregation and production of excessive amyloid beta (Aβ). Platelets adhesion on amyloid plaques also increases the risk of cerebral microcirculation disorders. Moreover, activated platelets release soluble adhesion molecules that cause migration, adhesion/activation of neutrophils and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which may damage blood brain barrier and destroy brain parenchyma. The present study examined the effects of intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic training (IHHT) on elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a precursor of AD. Twenty-one participants (age 51-74 years) were divided into three groups: Healthy Control (n = 7), MCI+Sham (n = 6), and MCI+IHHT (n = 8). IHHT was carried out five times per week for three weeks (total 15 sessions). Each IHHT session consisted of four cycles of 5-min hypoxia (12% FIO2) and 3-min hyperoxia (33% FIO2). Cognitive parameters, Aβ and amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression, microRNA 29, and long non-coding RNA in isolated platelets as well as NETs in peripheral blood were investigated. We found an initial decline in cognitive function indices in both MCI+Sham and MCI+IHHT groups and significant correlations between cognitive test scores and the levels of circulating biomarkers of AD. Whereas sham training led to no change in these parameters, IHHT resulted in the improvement in cognitive test scores, along with significant increase in APP ratio and decrease in Aβ expression and NETs formation one day after the end of three-week IHHT. Such effects on Aβ expression and NETs formation remained more pronounced one month after IHHT. In conclusion, our results from this pilot study suggested a potential utility of IHHT as a new non-pharmacological therapy to improve cognitive function in pre-AD patients and slow down the development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya O Serebrovska
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine.
| | | | - Viktor A Kholin
- Department of Age Physiology and Pathology of Nervous System, Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv 04114, Ukraine.
| | - Lesya V Tumanovska
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine.
| | - Angela M Shysh
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine.
| | - Denis A Pashevin
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine.
| | - Sergii V Goncharov
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine.
| | - Dmytro Stroy
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine.
| | - Oksana N Grib
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Pathology of Internal Organs, Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv 04114, Ukraine.
| | - Valeriy B Shatylo
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Pathology of Internal Organs, Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv 04114, Ukraine.
| | - Natalia Yu Bachinskaya
- Department of Age Physiology and Pathology of Nervous System, Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv 04114, Ukraine.
| | - Egor Egorov
- CellAir Constructions GmbH, Schorndorf 73614, Germany.
| | - Lei Xi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0204, USA.
| | - Victor E Dosenko
- Department of General and Molecular Pathophysiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv 01024, Ukraine.
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42
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Zielinski MR, Systrom DM, Rose NR. Fatigue, Sleep, and Autoimmune and Related Disorders. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1827. [PMID: 31447842 PMCID: PMC6691096 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Profound and debilitating fatigue is the most common complaint reported among individuals with autoimmune disease, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. Fatigue is multi-faceted and broadly defined, which makes understanding the cause of its manifestations especially difficult in conditions with diverse pathology including autoimmune diseases. In general, fatigue is defined by debilitating periods of exhaustion that interfere with normal activities. The severity and duration of fatigue episodes vary, but fatigue can cause difficulty for even simple tasks like climbing stairs or crossing the room. The exact mechanisms of fatigue are not well-understood, perhaps due to its broad definition. Nevertheless, physiological processes known to play a role in fatigue include oxygen/nutrient supply, metabolism, mood, motivation, and sleepiness-all which are affected by inflammation. Additionally, an important contributing element to fatigue is the central nervous system-a region impacted either directly or indirectly in numerous autoimmune and related disorders. This review describes how inflammation and the central nervous system contribute to fatigue and suggests potential mechanisms involved in fatigue that are likely exhibited in autoimmune and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Zielinski
- Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David M Systrom
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Noel R Rose
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Eltit F, Wang Q, Wang R. Mechanisms of Adverse Local Tissue Reactions to Hip Implants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:176. [PMID: 31417898 PMCID: PMC6683860 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse Local Tissue Reactions (ALTRs) are one of the main causes of hip implant failures. Although the metal release from the implants is considered as a main etiology, the mechanisms, and the roles of the released products are topics of ongoing research. The alloys used in the hip implants are considered biocompatible and show negligible corrosion in the body environment under static conditions. However, modularity and its associated mechanically assisted corrosion have been shown to release metal species into the body fluids. ALTRs associated with metal release have been observed in hip implants with metal-on-metal articulation initially, and later with metal-on-polyethylene articulation, the most commonly used design in current hip replacement. The etiological factors in ALTRs have been the topics of many studies. One commonly accepted theory is that the interactions between the metal species and body proteins and cells generate a delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction leading to ALTRs. However, lymphocyte reactions are not always observed in ALTRS, and the molecular mechanisms have not been clearly demonstrated. A more accepted mechanism is that cell damage generated by metal ions may trigger the secretion of cytokines leading to the inflammatory reactions observed in ALTRs. In this inflammatory environment, some patients would develop hypersensitivity that is associated with poor outcomes. Concerns over ALTRS have brought significant impact to both the clinical selection and development of hip implants. This review is focused on the mechanisms of ALTRs, specifically, the metal release process and the roles of the metal species released in the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. Hopefully, our presentation and discussion of this biological process from a material perspective could improve our current understanding on the ALTRs and provide useful guidance in developing preventive solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Eltit
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columba, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columba, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columba, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columba, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rizhi Wang
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columba, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columba, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Mironova GD, Pavlik LL, Kirova YI, Belosludtseva NV, Mosentsov AA, Khmil NV, Germanova EL, Lukyanova LD. Effect of hypoxia on mitochondrial enzymes and ultrastructure in the brain cortex of rats with different tolerance to oxygen shortage. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2019; 51:329-340. [PMID: 31342235 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-019-09806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial structure and the contents of subunits (NDUFV2, SDHA, Cyt b, COX1) of mitochondrial respiratory complexes I-IV as well as of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) in the brain cortex (BC) of rats with high resistance (HR) and low resistance (LR) to hypoxia were studied for the first time depending on the severity of hypoxia. Different regimes of 30-min hypobaric hypoxia (pO2 14, 10, and 8%) were used. It was found that cortical mitochondria responded to 30-min hypobaric hypoxia of different severity with typical and progressing changes in mitochondrial structure and function of mitochondrial enzymes. Under 14 and 10% hypoxia, animals developed compensatory structural and metabolic responses aimed at supporting the cell energy homeostasis. Consequently, these hypoxia regimes can be used for treatment in pressure chambers. At the same time, decreasing the oxygen concentration in the inhaled air to 8% led to the appearance of destructive processes in brain mitochondria. The features of mitochondrial ultrastructure and the function of respiratory enzymes in the BC of HR and LR rats exposed to normoxic and hypoxic conditions suggest that the two types of animals had two essentially distinct functional and metabolic patterns determined by different efficiency of the energy apparatus. The development of adaptive and destructive responses involved different metabolic pathways of the oxidation of energy substrates and different efficiency of the functioning of mitochondrial respiratory carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina D Mironova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia. .,Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Lubov L Pavlik
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.,Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Yulia I Kirova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - Natalia V Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.,Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Alexey A Mosentsov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Natalya V Khmil
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Elita L Germanova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia
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45
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Luk'yanova LD, Kirova YI, Germanova EL. Peculiarities of Immediate Response of Respiratory Chain Enzymes in Rat Cerebral Cortex to Hypoxia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 166:426-431. [PMID: 30788743 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04365-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We performed a complex study of the dependence of immediate reaction of catalytic subunits in mitochondrial enzymes (NDUFV2, SDHA, Cyt b, COX1, and ATP5A) in rat cerebral cortex (the most hypoxia-sensitive tissue) on the severity and duration of hypoxia in vivo and the role of individual resistance of rats to oxygen deficiency in this process. Three types of responses to hypoxia were revealed. The immediate response of mitochondria to oxygen deficiency appeared after its drop by 30-33% relatively to normal atmosphere level. It manifested in up-regulation of NAD-dependent oxidation, i.e., activation of respiratory chain complex I. Further decrease in oxygen concentration by 50% reprogrammed the work of respiratory chain via activation of respiratory chain complex II in parallel with down-regulation of the electron transport function of the respiratory chain complex I. This response was optimal for the expression of adaptation genes and for the formation of immediate tolerance of rats to hypoxia. The greatest drop of oxygen concentration by 60-62% reversed the Krebs cycle promoting recovery of the electron transport function of respiratory chain complex I. Despite this, the energy efficiency of the respiratory chain and the potency to mobilize the rapid adaptation mechanisms degraded due to abnormalities in cytochrome segment of the respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Luk'yanova
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yu I Kirova
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Germanova
- Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
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46
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ASSESSMENT OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS IN PATIENTS WITH THE SYNDROME OF ACUTE CEREBRAL FAILURE. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2019-1-67-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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47
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Neuroprotective Mechanism of Hypoxic Post-conditioning Involves HIF1-Associated Regulation of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Rat Brain. Neurochem Res 2018; 44:1425-1436. [PMID: 30448928 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Post-conditioning is exposure of an injured organism to the same harmful factors but of milder intensity which mobilizes endogenous protective mechanisms. Recently, we have developed a novel noninvasive post-conditioning (PostC) protocol involving three sequential episodes of mild hypobaric hypoxia which exerts pronounced neuroprotective action. In particular, it prevents development of pathological cascades caused by severe hypobaric hypoxia (SH) such as cellular loss, lipid peroxidation, abnormal neuroendocrine responses and behavioural deficit in experimental animals. Development of these post-hypoxic pathological effects has been associated with the delayed reduction of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) regulatory α-subunit levels in rat hippocampus, whereas PostC up-regulated it. The present study has been aimed at experimental examination of the hypothesis that intrinsic mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of PostC involves HIF1-dependent stimulation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). We have observed that SH leads to a decrease of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in the hippocampus and neocortex of rats as well as to a reduction in NADPH and total glutathione levels. This depletion of the antioxidant defense system together with excessive lipid peroxidation during the reoxygenation phase resulted in increased oxidative stress and massive cellular death observed after SH. In contrast, PostC led to normalization of G6PD activity, stabilization of the NADPH and total glutathione levels and thereby resulted in recovery of the cellular redox state and prevention of neuronal death. Our data suggest that stabilization of the antioxidant system via HIF1-associated PPP regulation represents an important neuroprotective mechanism enabled by PostC.
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48
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Lu YT, Li LZ, Yang YL, Yin X, Liu Q, Zhang L, Liu K, Liu B, Li J, Qi LW. Succinate induces aberrant mitochondrial fission in cardiomyocytes through GPR91 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:672. [PMID: 29867110 PMCID: PMC5986788 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0708-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Altered mitochondrial metabolism acts as an initial cause for cardiovascular diseases and metabolic intermediate succinate emerges as a mediator of mitochondrial dysfunction. This work aims to investigate whether or not extracellular succinate accumulation and its targeted G protein-coupled receptor-91 (GPR91) activation induce cardiac injury through mitochondrial impairment. The results showed that extracellular succinate promoted the translocation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) to mitochondria via protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ) activation, and induced mitochondrial fission factor (MFF) phosphorylation via extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1/2 (ERK1/2) activation in a GPR91-dependent manner. As a result, enhanced localization of MFF and Drp1 in mitochondria promoted mitochondrial fission, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We further showed that inhibition of succinate release and GPR91 signaling ameliorated oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury in cardiomyocytes and isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia injury in mice. Taken together, these results showed that in response to cardiac ischemia, succinate release activated GPR91 and induced mitochondrial fission via regulation of PKCδ and ERK1/2 signaling branches. These findings suggest that inhibition of extracellular succinate-mediated GPR91 activation might be a potential therapeutic strategy for protecting cardiomyocytes from ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Tong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan-Zhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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49
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Vasin MV, Ushakov IB. Activation of Respiratory Chain Complex II as a Hypoxia Tolerance Indicator during Acute Hypoxia. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350918020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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50
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Lukyanova LD, Kirova YI, Germanova EL. The Role of Succinate in Regulation of Immediate HIF-1α Expression in Hypoxia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 164:298-303. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-3976-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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