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Natarajan SK, S J, Mathivanan SK, Rajadurai H, M B BAM, Shah MA. Exploring fetal brain tumor glioblastoma symptom verification with self organizing maps and vulnerability data analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8738. [PMID: 38627421 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain tumor glioblastoma is a disease that is caused for a child who has abnormal cells in the brain, which is found using MRI "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" brain image using a powerful magnetic field, radio waves, and a computer to produce detailed images of the body's internal structures it is a standard diagnostic tool for a wide range of medical conditions, from detecting brain and spinal cord injuries to identifying tumors and also in evaluating joint problems. This is treatable, and by enabling the factor for happening, the factor for dissolving the dead tissues. If the brain tumor glioblastoma is untreated, the child will go to death; to avoid this, the child has to treat the brain problem using the scan of MRI images. Using the neural network, brain-related difficulties have to be resolved. It is identified to make the diagnosis of glioblastoma. This research deals with the techniques of max rationalizing and min rationalizing images, and the method of boosted division time attribute extraction has been involved in diagnosing glioblastoma. The process of maximum and min rationalization is used to recognize the Brain tumor glioblastoma in the brain images for treatment efficiency. The image segment is created for image recognition. The method of boosted division time attribute extraction is used in image recognition with the help of MRI for image extraction. The proposed boosted division time attribute extraction method helps to recognize the fetal images and find Brain tumor glioblastoma with feasible accuracy using image rationalization against the brain tumor glioblastoma diagnosis. In addition, 45% of adults are affected by the tumor, 40% of children and 5% are in death situations. To reduce this ratio, in this study, the Brain tumor glioblastoma is identified and segmented to recognize the fetal images and find the Brain tumor glioblastoma diagnosis. Then the tumor grades were analyzed using the efficient method for the imaging MRI with the diagnosis result of partially high. The accuracy of the proposed TAE-PIS system is 98.12% which is higher when compared to other methods like Genetic algorithm, Convolution neural network, fuzzy-based minimum and maximum neural network and kernel-based support vector machine respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed method archives rate of 98.12% accuracy with low response time and compared with the Genetic algorithm (GA), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), fuzzy-based minimum and maximum neural network (Fuzzy min-max NN), and kernel-based support vector machine. Specifically, the proposed method achieves a substantial improvement of 80.82%, 82.13%, 85.61%, and 87.03% compared to GA, CNN, Fuzzy min-max NN, and kernel-based support vector machine, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar Natarajan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Ramanagara, India
| | - Jayanthi S
- Department of Information Technology, Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, Ibrahimpatnam, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Mathivanan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hariharan Rajadurai
- School of Computing Science and Engineering, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal-Indore Highway Kothrikalan, Sehore, MP, India
| | - Benjula Anbu Malar M B
- School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohd Asif Shah
- Kebri Dehar University, Kebri Dehar, 250, Somali, Ethiopia.
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144001, Punjab, India.
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Khan T, Waseem R, Shahid M, Ansari J, Hassan MI, Shamsi A, Islam A. Understanding the Modulation of α-Synuclein Fibrillation by N-Acetyl Aspartate: A Brain Metabolite. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:12262-12271. [PMID: 38496993 PMCID: PMC10938311 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) fibrillation is a prominent contributor to neuronal deterioration and plays a significant role in the advancement of Parkinson's Disease (PD). Considering this, the exploration of novel compounds that can inhibit or modulate the aggregation of α-Syn is a topic of significant research. This study, for the first time, elucidated the effect of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), a brain osmolyte, on α-Syn aggregation using spectroscopic and microscopic approaches. Thioflavin T (ThT) assay revealed that a lower concentration of NAA inhibits α-Syn aggregation, whereas higher concentrations of NAA accelerate the aggregation. Further, this paradoxical effect of NAA was complemented by ANS, RLS, and the turbidity assay. The secondary structure transition was more pronounced at higher concentrations of NAA by circular dichroism, corroborating the fluorescence spectroscopic observations. Confocal microscopy also confirmed the paradoxical effect of NAA on α-Syn aggregation. Interaction studies including fluorescence quenching and molecular docking were employed to determine the binding affinity and critical residues involved in the α-Syn-NAA interaction. The explanation for this paradoxical nature of NAA could be a solvophobic effect. The results offer a profound understanding of the modulatory mechanism of α-Syn aggregation by NAA, thereby suggesting the potential role of NAA at lower concentrations in therapeutics against α-Syn aggregation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeel Khan
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rashid Waseem
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department
of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaoud Ansari
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre
of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman346, United Arab
Emirates
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre
for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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Liang Q, Li D, Li J, Li Y, Zou Y, Zhang Y. Protective effect of Danshensu against neurotoxicity induced by monosodium glutamate in adult mice and their offspring. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25546. [PMID: 38356496 PMCID: PMC10865244 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive neuronal excitation by glutamate is a well-established cause of neurotoxicity, leading to severe impairment of brain function. Excitotoxicity is a key factor in numerous neurodegenerative conditions. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of Danshensu (DSS) against monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced neurotoxicity in adult mice and their offspring. We randomly divided one hundred 8-week-old Kunming mice (equal number of males and females) into a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group was further subdivided into various treatment groups, including MSG gavage treatment, bwbw DSS treatment group 1 (bwbw DSS treatment group 2, a drug control group, and a normal control group (receiving an equal volume of physiological saline for ten consecutive days). Additionally, another one hundred healthy 8-week-old Kunming mice were similarly divided into groups and treated. These mice were paired randomly (one male and one female) and pregnant females were housed separately to obtain offspring. Subsequently, we conducted histological and behavioral analyses on adult mice and their offspring. MSG treatment induced significant cellular edema and hippocampal damage in both the treated mice and their offspring. However, varying doses of DSS effectively counteracted the neurotoxic effects of MSG, with no adverse impact on brain tissue structure or neural function in either adult mice or their offspring. Behavioral experiments further confirmed that DSS exerted a substantial protective effect against MSG-induced impairment of learning and memory in the treated adult mice and their offspring, in addition to mitigating central nervous system overexcitation and inhibiting exploratory behavior. In conclusion, DSS exerts significant protective effects against MSG-induced neurotoxicity in both adult mice and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liang
- College of Health, Hainan Technology and Business College, Haikou 570203, PR China
- Hainan Institute for Food and Drug Control Haikou Branch, Haikou 570311, PR China
| | - Dingguo Li
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, PR China
| | - Jianli Li
- Hainan Institute for Food and Drug Control Haikou Branch, Haikou 570311, PR China
| | - Yuanzhu Li
- College of Health, Hainan Technology and Business College, Haikou 570203, PR China
| | - Yanan Zou
- College of Health, Hainan Technology and Business College, Haikou 570203, PR China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- College of Health, Hainan Technology and Business College, Haikou 570203, PR China
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Dudure R, Ganorkar K, Beldar V, Ghosh SK, Panda AK, Jadhao M. Effect of artificial sweetener saccharin on lysozyme aggregation: A combined spectroscopic and in silico approach. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 290:122269. [PMID: 36566534 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of saccharin in food products attracts much attention as it involves the risk of lethal allergies and many protein aggregation diseases. However, its role in protein aggregation has not been explored to date. This study embodies the effect of artificial sweeteners on HEWL in the absence and presence of commonly available natural products such as curcumin and EGCG. Various techniques have been used to characterize the protein interaction, such as steady-state emission and time-resolved fluorescence, FTIR, gel electrophoresis, TEM, and molecular docking. Steady-state and time-resolved studies revealed the binding strength and concomitant effect of saccharin on HEWL protein. Kinetic measurements revealed that saccharin causes significant enhancement of HEWL aggregation with a considerable reduction in lag phase time i.e. from 37 hr to 08 hr. Whereas in the presence of natural products, the effect of saccharin on HEWL aggregation was significantly reduced specifically in the case of curcumin. The result obtained in the fluorescence experiment were also supported by the gel electrophoresis technique and morphological images taken by TEM. The rapid change in the secondary structure of the protein in the presence of saccharin was confirmed by the FTIR spectroscopy technique. This study is instrumental in understanding the effect of saccharin on protein aggregation and the role of commonly available natural products in curbing its effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushali Dudure
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India
| | - Kapil Ganorkar
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440010, India
| | - Vishal Beldar
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India
| | - Sujit Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440010, India
| | - Alok Kumar Panda
- Environmental Science Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751 024, India
| | - Manojkumar Jadhao
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna, Maharashtra 431203, India.
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El Tabbal J. Monosodium glutamate in a type 2 diabetes context: A large scoping review. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 133:105223. [PMID: 35817208 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This scoping review aimed to map and elaborate the heterogenous and inconclusive body of evidence relating monosodium glutamate (MSG) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). For this reason, multiple health outcomes related to T2DM were included and a systematic search was conducted. Experimental and observational trials between 1995 and January 2021 were collected. The tests were highly heterogenous in their samples, doses, route of exposures, durations, diets and conclusions. There was a pattern of negative effects of MSG at oral doses ≥2,000 mg/kg of body weight, and by gavage or injection at any given dose. Evidence was lacking in many areas and most of the evidence relied on short term tests. Further research should focus on standardizing and justifying methodologies, conducting long term studies and toxicokinetic tests, and avoiding bias. Focusing on the gaps highlighted and investigating mechanisms of action of MSG is crucial. Evidence-based toxicology is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana El Tabbal
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom.
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AL-Nasser MN, Mellor IR, Carter WG. Is L-Glutamate Toxic to Neurons and Thereby Contributes to Neuronal Loss and Neurodegeneration? A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2022; 12:577. [PMID: 35624964 PMCID: PMC9139234 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
L-glutamate (L-Glu) is a nonessential amino acid, but an extensively utilised excitatory neurotransmitter with critical roles in normal brain function. Aberrant accumulation of L-Glu has been linked to neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. To investigate this further, we systematically reviewed the literature to evaluate the effects of L-Glu on neuronal viability linked to the pathogenesis and/or progression of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). A search in PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection was conducted to retrieve studies that investigated an association between L-Glu and pathology for five NDDs: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD). Together, 4060 studies were identified, of which 71 met eligibility criteria. Despite several inadequacies, including small sample size, employment of supraphysiological concentrations, and a range of administration routes, it was concluded that exposure to L-Glu in vitro or in vivo has multiple pathogenic mechanisms that influence neuronal viability. These mechanisms include oxidative stress, reduced antioxidant defence, neuroinflammation, altered neurotransmitter levels, protein accumulations, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, intracellular calcium level changes, and effects on neuronal histology, cognitive function, and animal behaviour. This implies that clinical and epidemiological studies are required to assess the potential neuronal harm arising from excessive intake of exogenous L-Glu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam N. AL-Nasser
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
- School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Ian R. Mellor
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Wayne G. Carter
- School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK
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