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Yang J, Wang H, Chen H, Hou H, Hu Q. The association of genetic polymorphisms within the dopaminergic system with nicotine dependence: A narrative review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33158. [PMID: 39021905 PMCID: PMC11253068 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nicotine, the main compound in cigarettes, leads to smoking addiction. Nicotine acts on the limbic dopamine reward loop in the midbrain by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, promoting the release of dopamine, and resulting in a rewarding effect or satisfaction. This satisfaction is essential for continued and compulsive tobacco use, and therefore dopamine plays a crucial role in nicotine dependence. Numerous studies have identified genetic polymorphisms of dopaminergic pathways which may influence susceptibility to nicotine addiction. Dopamine levels are greatly influenced by synthesis, storage, release, degradation, and reuptake-related genes, including genes encoding tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine decarboxylase, dopamine transporter, dopamine receptor, dopamine 3-hydroxylase, catechol-O-methyltransferase, and monoamine oxidase. In this paper, we review research progress on the effects of polymorphisms in the above genes on downstream smoking behavior and nicotine dependence, to offer a theoretical basis for the elucidation of the genetic mechanism underlying nicotine dependence and future personalized treatment for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102209, China
| | - Hongjuan Wang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102209, China
| | - Huan Chen
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102209, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102209, China
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, 102209, China
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Dahal S, Clayton K, Cabral T, Cheng R, Jahanshahi S, Ahmed C, Koirala A, Villasmil Ocando A, Malty R, Been T, Hernandez J, Mangos M, Shen D, Babu M, Calarco J, Chabot B, Attisano L, Houry WA, Cochrane A. On a path toward a broad-spectrum anti-viral: inhibition of HIV-1 and coronavirus replication by SR kinase inhibitor harmine. J Virol 2023; 97:e0039623. [PMID: 37706687 PMCID: PMC10617549 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00396-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE This study highlights the crucial role RNA processing plays in regulating viral gene expression and replication. By targeting SR kinases, we identified harmine as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 as well as coronavirus (HCoV-229E and multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants) replication. Harmine inhibits HIV-1 protein expression and reduces accumulation of HIV-1 RNAs in both cell lines and primary CD4+ T cells. Harmine also suppresses coronavirus replication post-viral entry by preferentially reducing coronavirus sub-genomic RNA accumulation. By focusing on host factors rather than viral targets, our study offers a novel approach to combating viral infections that is effective against a range of unrelated viruses. Moreover, at doses required to inhibit virus replication, harmine had limited toxicity and minimal effect on the host transcriptome. These findings support the viability of targeting host cellular processes as a means of developing broad-spectrum anti-virals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha Dahal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiera Clayton
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tyler Cabral
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ran Cheng
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahrzad Jahanshahi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Choudhary Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amrit Koirala
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Comprehensive Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ramy Malty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Terek Been
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Javier Hernandez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Mangos
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Shen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohan Babu
- Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - John Calarco
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benoit Chabot
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liliana Attisano
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Walid A. Houry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan Cochrane
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Truman P. Commentary: Harmane potentiates nicotine reinforcement through MAO-A inhibition at the dose related to cigarette smoking. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1119538. [PMID: 36825277 PMCID: PMC9941319 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1119538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
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Liu G, Wang R, Chen H, Wu P, Fu Y, Li K, Liu M, Shi Z, Zhang Y, Su Y, Song L, Hou H, Hu Q. Non-nicotine constituents in cigarette smoke extract enhance nicotine addiction through monoamine oxidase A inhibition. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1058254. [PMID: 36507317 PMCID: PMC9729261 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1058254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco addiction has been largely attributed to nicotine, a component in tobacco leaves and smoke. However, extensive evidence suggests that some non-nicotine components of smoke should not be overlooked when considering tobacco dependence. Yet, their individual effect and synergistic effect on nicotine reinforcement remain poorly understood. The study herein focused on the role of non-nicotine constituents in promoting the effects of nicotine and their independent reinforcing effects. Denicotinized cigarettes were prepared by chemical extracting of cut tobacco, and the cigarette smoke extracts (CSE, used as a proxy for non-nicotine ingredients) were obtained by machine-smoking the cigarettes and DMSO extraction. The compositions of harmful components, nicotine, and other minor alkaloids in both cut tobacco and the CSE of experimental denicotinized cigarettes were examined by GC-MS, and compared with 3R4F reference cigarettes. individually and in synergy with nicotine were determined by conditioned place preference (CPP), dopamine (DA) level detection, the open field test (OFT), and the elevated plus maze (EPM). Finally, the potential enhancement mechanism of non-nicotinic constituents was investigated by nicotine metabolism and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) activity inhibition in the striatum of mice and human recombinant MAOA. Thenicotine content in smoke from the experimental denicotinized cigarettes (under ISO machine-smoking conditions) was reduced by 95.1% and retained most minor alkaloids, relative to the 3R4F reference cigarettes. It was found that non-nicotine constituents increased acute locomotor activities. This was especially pronounced for DA levels in NAc and CPP scores, decreased the time in center zone. There were no differences in these metrics with DNC group when compared to the NS group. Non-nicotine constituents alone did not show reinforcing effects in CPP or striatum DA levels in mice. However, in the presence of nicotine, non-nicotine constituents further increased the reinforcing effects. Furthermore, non-nicotine constituents may enhance nicotine's reinforcing effects by inhibiting striatum MAOA activity rather than affecting nicotine metabolism or total striatum DA content in mice. These findings expand our knowledge of the effect on smoking reinforcement of non-nicotine constituents found in tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Liu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China,Joint Laboratory of Translational Neurobiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruiyan Wang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China,Joint Laboratory of Translational Neurobiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China,Joint Laboratory of Translational Neurobiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Wu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Beijing, China
| | - Yaning Fu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China,Joint Laboratory of Translational Neurobiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaixin Li
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China,Joint Laboratory of Translational Neurobiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingda Liu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China,Joint Laboratory of Translational Neurobiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Shi
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yue Su
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingxiao Song
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China,Joint Laboratory of Translational Neurobiology, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hongwei Hou,
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, China,Joint Laboratory of Translational Neurobiology, Zhengzhou, China,Qingyuan Hu,
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