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Du L, Zong Y, Li H, Wang Q, Xie L, Yang B, Pang Y, Zhang C, Zhong Z, Gao J. Hyperuricemia and its related diseases: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:212. [PMID: 39191722 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01916-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia, characterized by elevated levels of serum uric acid (SUA), is linked to a spectrum of commodities such as gout, cardiovascular diseases, renal disorders, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, etc. Significantly impairing the quality of life for those affected, the prevalence of hyperuricemia is an upward trend globally, especially in most developed countries. UA possesses a multifaceted role, such as antioxidant, pro-oxidative, pro-inflammatory, nitric oxide modulating, anti-aging, and immune effects, which are significant in both physiological and pathological contexts. The equilibrium of circulating urate levels hinges on the interplay between production and excretion, a delicate balance orchestrated by urate transporter functions across various epithelial tissues and cell types. While existing research has identified hyperuricemia involvement in numerous biological processes and signaling pathways, the precise mechanisms connecting elevated UA levels to disease etiology remain to be fully elucidated. In addition, the influence of genetic susceptibilities and environmental determinants on hyperuricemia calls for a detailed and nuanced examination. This review compiles data from global epidemiological studies and clinical practices, exploring the physiological processes and the genetic foundations of urate transporters in depth. Furthermore, we uncover the complex mechanisms by which the UA induced inflammation influences metabolic processes in individuals with hyperuricemia and the association with its relative disease, offering a foundation for innovative therapeutic approaches and advanced pharmacological strategies.
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Grants
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82002339, 81820108020 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yao Zong
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Haorui Li
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Qiyue Wang
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yidan Pang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Zhigang Zhong
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Zhou X, Weng X, Xu J, Wang W. Correlation between remnant cholesterol and hyperuricemia in American adults. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:176. [PMID: 38851714 PMCID: PMC11161976 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remnant cholesterol (RC) is an important marker for assessing the risk of metabolic syndrome. However, the correlation between RC and hyperuricemia (HUA) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the correlation between RC and HUA in American adults. METHODS A total of 9089 participants from the 2013-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were investigated. The correlation between RC and the odds of HUA was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The nonlinear correlation was described using fitted smoothed curves. The correlation in subgroups was analyzed based on race, gender, alcohol consumption, age, body mass index, waist circumference, diabetes and moderate physical activities. RESULTS RC was correlated with uric acid (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.208 in males and 0.215 in females; all P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated a positive correlation between RC and the risk of HUA (odds ratio = 1.022 in males and 1.031 in females; all P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the correlation was stronger in females, participants aged < 50 years, and those without diabetes. Furthermore, the generalized smooth curve fitting demonstrated a linear correlation between RC and HUA, without threshold or saturation effects. CONCLUSION Elevated RC significantly and positively correlated with HUA in American adults. This correlation was stronger among females, participants aged < 50 years, and those without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohai Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolu Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, P. R. China.
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Qiu L, Ren Y, Li J, Li M, Li W, Qin L, Ning C, Zhang J, Gao F. Nonlinear association of triglyceride-glucose index with hyperuricemia in US adults: a cross-sectional study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:145. [PMID: 38760656 PMCID: PMC11100171 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite abundant evidence on the epidemiological risk factors of metabolic diseases related to hyperuricemia, there is still insufficient evidence regarding the nonlinear relationship between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and hyperuricemia. Thus, the purpose of this research is to clarify the nonlinear connection between TyG and hyperuricemia. METHODS From 2011 to 2018, a cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This study had 8572 participants in all. TyG was computed as Ln [triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. The outcome variable was hyperuricemia. The association between TyG and hyperuricemia was examined using weighted multiple logistic regression, subgroup analysis, generalized additive models, smooth fitting curves, and two-piecewise linear regression models. RESULTS In the regression model adjusting for all confounding variables, the OR (95% CI) for the association between TyG and hyperuricemia was 2.34 (1.70, 3.21). There is a nonlinear and reverse U-shaped association between TyG and hyperuricemia, with a inflection point of 9.69. The OR (95% CI) before the inflection point was 2.64 (2.12, 3.28), and after the inflection point was 0.32 (0.11, 0.98). The interaction in gender, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes analysis was statistically significant. CONCLUSION Additional prospective studies are required to corroborate the current findings, which indicate a strong positive connection between TyG and hyperuricemia among adults in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Qiu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jixin Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meijie Li
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lingli Qin
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Ning
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Tero-Vescan A, Ștefănescu R, Istrate TI, Pușcaș A. Fructose-induced hyperuricaemia - protection factor or oxidative stress promoter? Nat Prod Res 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38522076 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2327624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that dietary fructose may play a role in the hyperuricaemia development, but the precise mechanism remains unclear. Hyperuricaemia is characterised by excessive production and deposition of urate crystals, and the metabolism of fructose has been implicated in the elevation of serum urate levels. The association between fructose intake and the risk of hyperuricaemia is explained by the metabolism of fructose in the liver, small intestine, and kidney. Many studies have confirmed the correlation between fructose consumption and an increased risk of developing hyperuricaemia, but more prospective studies to fully elucidate the role of fructose intake in the pathogenesis of hyperuricaemia are needed. It is important to note that maintaining a balanced diet, and lifestyle is crucial when considering fructose intake. Limiting the consumption of products high in added sugars and maintaining a healthy weight can contribute to reducing the risk of hyperuricaemia and associated health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Tero-Vescan
- Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine in English, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruxandra Ștefănescu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Tudor-Ionuț Istrate
- Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mures, Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Amalia Pușcaș
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of the Environmental Factors Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mures, Târgu Mures, Romania
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Luo M, Liu T, Ju H, Xia Y, Ji C, Zhao Y. Association between dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease combined with hyperuricemia. Food Funct 2024; 15:255-264. [PMID: 38059607 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03354f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) combined with hyperuricemia is a concerning health issue, but the association between this condition and dietary patterns remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between dietary patterns and CKD combined with hyperuricemia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted involving 12 318 participants aged 18-79 years during 2018-2020. Dietary intake information was collected using a validated 110-item food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. CKD was defined as the presence of albuminuria or an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL min-1 1.73 m-2. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid levels >420 μmol L-1 both in men and women. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between dietary patterns and the risk of CKD combined with hyperuricemia. Results: Five major dietary patterns were identified: 'healthy pattern', 'traditional pattern', 'animal foods pattern', 'sweet foods pattern', and 'tea-alcohol pattern', which together explained 38.93% of the variance in the diet. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the traditional pattern had a lower risk of CKD combined with hyperuricemia (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.32-0.74, Pfor trend < 0.01). Conversely, participants in the highest quartile of the sweet foods pattern had a higher risk compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.18-2.42, Pfor trend < 0.01). However, no significant association was observed between the healthy pattern, animal foods pattern and tea-alcohol pattern and the risk of CKD combined with hyperuricemia. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the traditional pattern is associated with a reduced risk of CKD combined with hyperuricemia, whereas the sweet foods pattern is associated with an increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrui Luo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
| | - Tiancong Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Hao Ju
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
- Clinical Research Centre, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Chao Ji
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
- Clinical Research Centre, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
- Clinical Research Centre, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
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Xu G, Wu L, Yang H, Liu T, Tong Y, Wan J, Han B, Zhou L, Hu X. Eupatilin inhibits xanthine oxidase in vitro and attenuates hyperuricemia and renal injury in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 183:114307. [PMID: 38052408 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is the final metabolite of purines in the liver that can cause hyperuricemia at high levels. The kidneys are the main excretory organs for UA. The excessive accumulation of UA in the kidneys causes the development of hyperuricemia that often leads to renal injury. Eupatilin (Eup) is a flavonoid natural product that possesses various pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory. We were interested in exploring the potential role of Eup in lowering UA and nephroprotective. We initially investigated the effects of Eup on xanthin oxidase (XOD) activity in vitro, followed by investigating its ability to lower UA levels, anti-inflammatory effects, nephroprotective effects, and the underlying mechanisms using hyperuricemia rats sustained at high UA level. The results showed that Eup had an inhibitory effect on XOD activity in vitro and significantly reduced serum UA, creatinine, BUN, IL-1β and IL-6 levels in hyperuricemic rats, ameliorating inflammation, renal oxidative stress and pathological injury. Furthermore, Eup inhibited ADA and XOD enzyme activities in the liver and serum and modulated GLUT9, URAT1 and ABCG2 protein expression in the kidneys and ileum. Our findings provide a scientific basis for suggesting Eup as an option for a potential treatment for hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guitao Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lele Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Hongxuan Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ying Tong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiliang Wan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Bin Han
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Xuguang Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Wang H, Qin S, Li F, Zhang H, Zeng L. A cross-sectional study on the association between dietary inflammatory index and hyperuricemia based on NHANES 2005-2018. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1218166. [PMID: 37810924 PMCID: PMC10552180 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1218166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia is a common condition that can lead to gout and other related diseases. It has been suggested that Inflammatory factors play important role in the development and progression of hyperuricemia. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) enables the assessment of the inflammatory potential of an individual's diet. This study aimed to investigate the association between DII and hyperuricemia. Methods This study was performed based on a cross-sectional dataset from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. Participants aged 18 years and above with dietary intake and serum uric acid level information were included. DII scores were calculated using dietary intake data, based on which participants were categorized into tertiles. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was adopted to investigate the association between DII and hyperuricemia. Results Among a total of 31,781 participants in the analysis, 5,491 had hyperuricemia. After adjusting confounding factors, the odds of hyperuricemia are significantly higher in the second (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07-1.29) and third tertiles (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.19-1.44) relative to the first one. Conclusion This study suggested that diet with higher inflammatory potential, as measured by DII, is associated with increased hyperuricemia risk. These findings indicated that dietary modification may be a potential approach for hyperuricemia's prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengmei Qin
- Department of Nursing, Stomatological Hospital Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Gugliucci A. Sugar and Dyslipidemia: A Double-Hit, Perfect Storm. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5660. [PMID: 37685728 PMCID: PMC10488931 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability of sugar has expanded over the past 50 years, due to improved industrial processes and corn subsidies, particularly in the form of sweetened beverages. This correlates with a surge in the prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders, which has brought this issue back into the spotlight for public health. In this narrative review, we focus on the role of fructose in the genesis of cardiometabolic dyslipidemia (an increase in serum triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL): VLDL, chylomicrons (CM), and their remnants) bringing together the most recent data on humans, which demonstrates the crucial interaction between glucose and fructose, increasing the synthesis while decreasing the catabolism of these particles in a synergistic downward spiral. After reviewing TRL metabolism, we discuss the fundamental principles governing the metabolism of fructose in the intestine and liver and the effects of dysregulated fructolysis, in conjunction with the activation of carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) by glucose and the resulting crosstalk. The first byproduct of fructose catabolism, fructose-1-P, is highlighted for its function as a signaling molecule that promotes fat synthesis. We emphasize the role of fructose/glucose interaction in the liver, which enhances de novo lipogenesis, triglyceride (TG) synthesis, and VLDL production. In addition, we draw attention to current research that demonstrates how fructose affects the activity of lipoprotein lipase by increasing the concentration of inhibitors such as apolipoprotein CIII (apoCIII) and angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), which reduce the catabolism of VLDL and chylomicrons and cause the building up of their atherogenic remnants. The end outcome is a dual, synergistic, and harmful action that encourages atherogenesis. Thus, considering the growing concerns regarding the connection between sugar consumption and cardiometabolic disease, current research strongly supports the actions of public health organizations aimed at reducing sugar intake, including dietary guidance addressing "safe" limits for sugar consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gugliucci
- Glycation, Oxidation and Disease Laboratory, Touro University California, Vallejo, CA 94592, USA
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Liu X, Ke L, Lei K, Yu Q, Zhang W, Li C, Tian Z. Antibiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis has a functional impact on purine metabolism. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:187. [PMID: 37442943 PMCID: PMC10339580 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02932-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is closely linked to hyperuricemia. However, the effect of the microbiome on uric acid (UA) metabolism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms through which microbiomes affect UA metabolism with the hypothesis that modifying the intestinal microbiota influences the development of hyperuricemia. RESULTS We proposed combining an antibiotic strategy with protein-protein interaction analysis to test this hypothesis. The data demonstrated that antibiotics altered the composition of gut microbiota as UA increased, and that the spectrum of the antibiotic was connected to the purine salvage pathway. The antibiotic-elevated UA concentration was dependent on the increase in microbiomes that code for the proteins involved in purine metabolism, and was paralleled by the depletion of bacteria-coding enzymes required for the purine salvage pathway. On the contrary, the microbiota with abundant purine salvage proteins decreased hyperuricemia. We also found that the antibiotic-increased microbiota coincided with a higher relative abundance of bacteria in hyperuricemia mice. CONCLUSIONS An antibiotic strategy combined with the prediction of microbiome bacterial function presents a feasible method for defining the key bacteria involved in hyperuricemia. Our investigations discovered that the core microbiomes of hyperuricemia may be related to the gut microbiota that enriches purine metabolism related-proteins. However, the bacteria that enrich the purine salvage-proteins may be a probiotic for decreasing urate, and are more likely to be killed by antibiotics. Therefore, the purine salvage pathway may be a potential target for the treatment of both hyperuricemia and antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Leyong Ke
- Department of Cosmetic surgery, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Ke Lei
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Changgui Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zibin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Lei C, Zhang X, Chen E, Lin L, Zhou Z, Wang Z, Liu T, Liu Z. Compositional alterations of the gut microbiota in acute myocardial infarction patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:317. [PMID: 37405000 PMCID: PMC10316093 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and a common comorbidity in patients with AMI. T2DM doubles the fatality rate of patients with AMI in the acute phase of AMI and the follow-up period. However, the mechanisms by which T2DM increases the fatality rate remain unknown. This study sought to investigate changes in the gut microbiota of patients with AMI and T2DM (AMIDM) to extend understandings of the relative mechanisms from the aspects of gut microbiota. Methods Patients were recruited and divided into 2 groups comprising 15 patients with AMIDM and 15 patients with AMI but without T2DM (AMINDM). Their stool samples and clinical information were collected. 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing was used to analyze the structure and composition of the gut microbiota based on the operational taxonomic units. Results A significant difference was observed in the gut microbiota β diversity between the 2 groups. At the phylum level, the AMIDM patients showed an increase in the abundance of Firmicutes and a decrease in the abundance of Bacteroidetes compared to the AMINDM patients. At the genus level, the AMIDM patients showed an increase in the abundance of Companilactobacillus, Defluvitaleaceae UCG-011 and UCG-009, and a decrease in the abundance of Phascolarctobacterium and CAG 56 compared to the AMINDM patients. At the species level, the AMIDM patients showed an increase in the abundance of species unclassified NK4A214 group, Bacteroides clarus, Coprococcus comes, unclassified Defluviltaleaceae UCG-011, uncultured rumen bacterium, unclassified CAG 56, Barnesiella intestinihominis, Lachnospiraceae bacterium, Bacteroides nordii, unclassified UCG-009, and the Family XIII AD3011 group compared to the AMINDM patients. The gut microbiota function predictions indicated that the nucleotide metabolism-related pathway was significantly more increase in the patients with AMIDM than those with AMINDM. Additionally, the patients with AMIDM showed an increase in gram-positive bacteria and a decrease in the proportion of gram-negative bacteria. Our correlation analysis results on the gut microbiota and clinical parameters might extend understandings of the progression of AMI. Conclusions Changes in the gut microbiota composition of patients with AMIDM affect the severity of the metabolic disturbance and may be responsible for poorer clinical outcomes and worse disease progression in patients with AMIDM compared to those with AMINDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Enyue Chen
- Department of Neurology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ludan Lin
- Department of General Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhimo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan People’s Hospital), Dongguan, China
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Lubawy M, Formanowicz D. High-Fructose Diet-Induced Hyperuricemia Accompanying Metabolic Syndrome-Mechanisms and Dietary Therapy Proposals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3596. [PMID: 36834291 PMCID: PMC9960726 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fructose is often used as a food ingredient due to its low production costs and sweetening power. In recent years, it has been noticed that people on a Western diet high in fructose have high levels of uric acid in their blood. It was recognized that the specific metabolism of fructose in the body might cause increased production of uric acid, which then may affect the intensification of lipogenesis and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance, gout, cardiovascular diseases, leptin resistance, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. So far, to treat hyperuricemia, it has been recommended to use a low-purine diet characterized by limiting protein-containing products. However, this recommendation often leads to an increased intake of carbohydrate-rich foods that may contain fructose. Increased fructose consumption may enhance the secretion of uric acid again and, consequently, does not have therapeutic effects. Therefore, instead of a low-purine diet, using healthy diets, such as DASH or the Mediterranean diet, which can benefit metabolic parameters, could be a better proposal. This article provides an overview of this approach, focusing on MetS and hyperuricemia among high-fructose dieters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Lubawy
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Formanowicz
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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12
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Tong S, Zhang P, Cheng Q, Chen M, Chen X, Wang Z, Lu X, Wu H. The role of gut microbiota in gout: Is gut microbiota a potential target for gout treatment. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1051682. [PMID: 36506033 PMCID: PMC9730829 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1051682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota is essential for the host's health because it regulates the host's metabolism, endocrine, and immune systems. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that gut microbiota plays a role in the onset and progression of gout. Changes in the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota, result in abnormalities of uric acid degradation, increasing uric acid generation, releasing pro-inflammatory mediators, and intestinal barrier damage in developing gout. As a result, gout therapy that targets gut microbiota has drawn significant interest. This review summarized how the gut microbiota contributes to the pathophysiology of gout and how gout affects the gut microbiota. Additionally, this study explained how gut microbiota might serve as a unique index for the diagnosis of gout and how conventional gout treatment medicines interact with it. Finally, prospective therapeutic approaches focusing on gut microbiota for the prevention and treatment of gout were highlighted, which may represent a future avenue in gout treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyong Lu
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Lu, ; Huaxiang Wu,
| | - Huaxiang Wu
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Lu, ; Huaxiang Wu,
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13
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Association of Visceral Fat Area and Hyperuricemia in Non-Obese US Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193992. [PMID: 36235645 PMCID: PMC9570922 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between visceral fat area (VFA) and hyperuricemia (HUA) among non-obese adults. We extracted data from 6224 US adults aged 20−59 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011−2018. The VFA was divided into four quartiles (Q1−Q4). We used multivariable logistic regression models to control for known confounders. A generalized additive model (GAM) and restricted cubic spines were used to examine the association between VFA and HUA stratified by sex, and a two-piecewise linear regression model was used to calculate the threshold effect among males. The results revealed that the prevalence of HUA was 11.8% (men 15.8%, women 7.2%). In the fully adjusted model, there was a positive association between VFA and HUA [as a quartile variable, Q4 vs. Q1, odds ratio (OR): 3.77 and 95% confidence interval (CI): (2.47~5.75), p < 0.001, p for trend < 0.001; as a continuous variable, per 10 cm2 increment, OR (95%CI):1.10(1.07,1.14), p < 0.001]. Besides, this positive association remained significantly stratified by sex. Interestingly, we observed a nonlinear dose-response relationship between VFA and HUA in males (inflection point: 107.46 cm2). In conclusion, our study confirmed a significant positive relationship between VFA and HUA among non-obese adults and remained statistically significant when stratified by sex.
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