1
|
Bhattacharya T, Kumari M, Kaur K, Kaity S, Arumugam S, Ravichandiran V, Roy S. Decellularized extracellular matrix-based bioengineered 3D breast cancer scaffolds for personalized therapy and drug screening. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:8843-8867. [PMID: 39162395 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00680a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second deadliest cancer after lung cancer. Similar to all cancers, it is also driven by a 3D microenvironment. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential component of the 3D tumor micro-environment, wherein it functions as a scaffold for cells and provides metabolic support. BC is characterized by alterations in the ECM. Various studies have attempted to mimic BC-specific ECMs using artificial materials, such as Matrigel. Nevertheless, research has proven that naturally derived decellularized extracellular matrices (dECMs) are superior in providing the essential in vivo-like cues needed to mimic a cancer-like environment. Developing in vitro 3-D BC models is not straightforward and requires extensive analysis of the data established by researchers. For the benefit of researchers, in this review, we have tried to highlight all developmental studies that have been conducted by various scientists so far. The analysis of the conclusions drawn from these studies is also discussed. The advantages and drawbacks of the decellularization methods employed for generating BC scaffolds will be covered, and the review will shed light on how dECM scaffolds help develop a BC environment. The later stages of the article will also focus on immunogenicity issues arising from decellularization and the origin of the tissue. Finally, this review will also discuss the biofabrication of matrices, which is the core part of the bioengineering process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teeshyo Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mamta Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Kulwinder Kaur
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine a Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Santanu Kaity
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Somasundaram Arumugam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subhadeep Roy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168 Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huffer A, Mao M, Ballard K, Ozdemir T. Biomimetic Hyaluronan Binding Biomaterials to Capture the Complex Regulation of Hyaluronan in Tissue Development and Function. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:499. [PMID: 39194478 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9080499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Within native ECM, Hyaluronan (HA) undergoes remarkable structural remodeling through its binding receptors and proteins called hyaladherins. Hyaladherins contain a group of tandem repeat sequences, such as LINK domains, BxB7 homologous sequences, or 20-50 amino acid long short peptide sequences that have high affinity towards side chains of HA. The HA binding sequences are critical players in HA distribution and regulation within tissues and potentially attractive therapeutic targets to regulate HA synthesis and organization. While HA is a versatile and successful biopolymer, most HA-based therapeutics have major differences from a native HA molecule, such as molecular weight discrepancies, crosslinking state, and remodeling with other HA binding proteins. Recent studies showed the promise of HA binding domains being used as therapeutic biomaterials for osteoarthritic, ocular, or cardiovascular therapeutic products. However, we propose that there is a significant potential for HA binding materials to reveal the physiological functions of HA in a more realistic setting. This review is focused on giving a comprehensive overview of the connections between HA's role in the body and the potential of HA binding material applications in therapeutics and regenerative medicine. We begin with an introduction to HA then discuss HA binding molecules and the process of HA binding. Finally, we discuss HA binding materials anf the future prospects of potential HA binding biomaterials systems in the field of biomaterials and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Huffer
- Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering Department, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Mingyang Mao
- Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering Department, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Katherine Ballard
- Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering Department, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| | - Tugba Ozdemir
- Nanoscience and Biomedical Engineering Department, South Dakota School of Mines, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gavrilova T, Schulz E, Mina A. Breaking Boundaries: Immunotherapy for Myeloid Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2780. [PMID: 39199554 PMCID: PMC11352449 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of myeloid oncologic diseases, particularly for patients resistant to chemotherapy or ineligible for allogeneic stem cell transplantation due to age or fitness constraints. As our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of myeloid malignancies expands, so too do the treatment options available to patients. Immunotherapy in myeloid malignancies, however, faces numerous challenges due to the dynamic nature of the disease, immune dysregulation, and the development of immune evasion mechanisms. This review outlines the progress made in the field of immunotherapy for myeloid malignancies, addresses its challenges, and provides insights into future directions in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Gavrilova
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eduard Schulz
- Immune Deficiency—Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (E.S.); (A.M.)
- NIH Myeloid Malignancies Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alain Mina
- Immune Deficiency—Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (E.S.); (A.M.)
- NIH Myeloid Malignancies Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ricard-Blum S, Vivès RR, Schaefer L, Götte M, Merline R, Passi A, Heldin P, Magalhães A, Reis CA, Skandalis SS, Karamanos NK, Perez S, Nikitovic D. A biological guide to glycosaminoglycans: current perspectives and pending questions. FEBS J 2024; 291:3331-3366. [PMID: 38500384 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), except hyaluronan (HA), are sulfated polysaccharides that are covalently attached to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). This article summarizes key biological findings for the most widespread GAGs, namely HA, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS), keratan sulfate (KS), and heparan sulfate (HS). It focuses on the major processes that remain to be deciphered to get a comprehensive view of the mechanisms mediating GAG biological functions. They include the regulation of GAG biosynthesis and postsynthetic modifications in heparin (HP) and HS, the composition, heterogeneity, and function of the tetrasaccharide linkage region and its role in disease, the functional characterization of the new PGs recently identified by glycoproteomics, the selectivity of interactions mediated by GAG chains, the display of GAG chains and PGs at the cell surface and their impact on the availability and activity of soluble ligands, and on their move through the glycocalyx layer to reach their receptors, the human GAG profile in health and disease, the roles of GAGs and particular PGs (syndecans, decorin, and biglycan) involved in cancer, inflammation, and fibrosis, the possible use of GAGs and PGs as disease biomarkers, and the design of inhibitors targeting GAG biosynthetic enzymes and GAG-protein interactions to develop novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- Univ Lyon 1, ICBMS, UMR 5246 University Lyon 1 - CNRS, Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | | | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Germany
| | - Rosetta Merline
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Paraskevi Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Ana Magalhães
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Serge Perez
- Centre de Recherche sur les Macromolécules Végétales, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, France
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Poole K, Iyer KS, Schmidtke DW, Petroll WM, Varner VD. Corneal keratocytes, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts exhibit distinct transcriptional profiles in vitro. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.28.582620. [PMID: 38464034 PMCID: PMC10925317 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.28.582620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Purpose After stromal injury to the cornea, the release of growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines promotes the activation of quiescent keratocytes into a migratory fibroblast and/or fibrotic myofibroblast phenotype. Persistence of the myofibroblast phenotype can lead to corneal fibrosis and scarring, which are leading causes of blindness worldwide. This study aims to establish comprehensive transcriptional profiles for cultured corneal keratocytes, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts to gain insights into the mechanisms through which these phenotypic changes occur. Methods Primary rabbit corneal keratocytes were cultured in either defined serum-free media (SF), fetal bovine serum (FBS) containing media, or in the presence of TGF-β1 to induce keratocyte, fibroblast, or myofibroblast phenotypes, respectively. Bulk RNA sequencing followed by bioinformatic analyses was performed to identify significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched biological pathways for each phenotype. Results Genes commonly associated with keratocytes, fibroblasts, or myofibroblasts showed high relative expression in SF, FBS, or TGF-β1 culture conditions, respectively. Differential expression and functional analyses revealed novel DEGs for each cell type, as well as enriched pathways indicative of differences in proliferation, apoptosis, extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, cell-ECM interactions, cytokine signaling, and cell mechanics. Conclusions Overall, these data demonstrate distinct transcriptional differences among cultured corneal keratocytes, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts. We have identified genes and signaling pathways that may play important roles in keratocyte differentiation, including many related to mechanotransduction and ECM biology. Our findings have revealed novel molecular markers for each cell type, as well as possible targets for modulating cell behavior and promoting physiological corneal wound healing.
Collapse
|
6
|
Tolg C, Hill KA, Turley EA. CD44 and RHAMM Are Microenvironmental Sensors with Dual Metastasis Promoter and Suppressor Functions. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300693. [PMID: 38638002 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The progression of primary tumors to metastases remains a significant roadblock to the treatment of most cancers. Emerging evidence has identified genes that specifically affect metastasis and are potential therapeutic targets for managing tumor progression. However, these genes can have dual tumor promoter and suppressor functions that are contextual in manifestation, and that complicate their development as targeted therapies. CD44 and RHAMM/HMMR are examples of multifunctional proteins that can either promote or suppress metastases, as demonstrated in experimental models. These two proteins can be viewed as microenvironmental sensors and this minireview addresses the known mechanistic underpinnings that may determine their metastasis suppressor versus promoter functions. Leveraging this mechanistic knowledge for CD44, RHAMM, and other multifunctional proteins is predicted to improve the precision of therapeutic targeting to achieve more effective management of metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Tolg
- Cancer Research Laboratory Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, Victoria Hospital, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | | | - Eva Ann Turley
- Cancer Research Laboratory Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, Victoria Hospital, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
- Departments of Oncology, Biochemistry, and Surgery, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu Y, Benedikt J, Ye L. Hyaluronic Acid Interacting Molecules Mediated Crosstalk between Cancer Cells and Microenvironment from Primary Tumour to Distant Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1907. [PMID: 38791985 PMCID: PMC11119954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a prominent component of the extracellular matrix, and its interactions with HA-interacting molecules (HAIMs) play a critical role in cancer development and disease progression. This review explores the multifaceted role of HAIMs in the context of cancer, focusing on their influence on disease progression by dissecting relevant cellular and molecular mechanisms in tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment. Cancer progression can be profoundly affected by the interactions between HA and HAIMs. They modulate critical processes such as cell adhesion, migration, invasion, and proliferation. The TME serves as a dynamic platform in which HAIMs contribute to the formation of a unique niche. The resulting changes in HA composition profoundly influence the biophysical properties of the TME. These modifications in the TME, in conjunction with HAIMs, impact angiogenesis, immune cell recruitment, and immune evasion. Therefore, understanding the intricate interplay between HAIMs and HA within the cancer context is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Targeting these interactions offers promising avenues for cancer treatment, as they hold the potential to disrupt critical aspects of disease progression and the TME. Further research in this field is imperative for advancing our knowledge and the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK;
| | | | - Lin Ye
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Quartey BC, Sapudom J, ElGindi M, Alatoom A, Teo J. Matrix-Bound Hyaluronan Molecular Weight as a Regulator of Dendritic Cell Immune Potency. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303125. [PMID: 38104242 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan in the extracellular matrix with immunoregulatory properties depending on its molecular weight (MW). However, the impact of matrix-bound HA on dendritic cells (DCs) remains unclear due to varying distribution of HA MW under different physiological conditions. To investigate DCs in defined biosystems, 3D collagen matrices modified with HA of specific MW with similar microstructure and HA levels are used. It is found that HA MW influences cytokine binding to matrix, suggesting modulation of cytokine availability by the different HA MWs. These studies on DC immune potency reveal that low MW HA (8-15 kDa) enhances immature DC differentiation and antigen uptake, while medium (MMW-HA; 500-750 kDa) and high MW HA (HMW-HA; 1250-1500 kDa) increase cytokine secretion in mature DCs. The effect on DC phenotype and cytokine secretion by different MWs of HA is independent of CD44. However, blocking the CD44 receptor reveals its potential role in regulating acute inflammation through increased secretion of CCL2, CXCL8, and IL-6. Additionally, MMW- and HMW-HA matrices reduce migratory capacity of DCs, dependent on CD44. Overall, these findings provide insights into MW-dependent effects of matrix-bound HA on DCs, opening avenues for the design of DC-modulating materials to enhance DC-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Chesney Quartey
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 129188, UAE
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Jiranuwat Sapudom
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 129188, UAE
| | - Mei ElGindi
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 129188, UAE
| | - Aseel Alatoom
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 129188, UAE
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, 11201, USA
| | - Jeremy Teo
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, 129188, UAE
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, 11201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mansour A, Acharya AB, Alliot C, Eid N, Badran Z, Kareem Y, Rahman B. Hyaluronic acid in Dentoalveolar regeneration: Biological rationale and clinical applications. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:230-235. [PMID: 38510340 PMCID: PMC10950752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hyaluronic acid (HA) is found in different locations in the periodontium, including mineralized tissues (i.e., cementum and alveolar bone) and non-mineralized tissues (i.e., gingiva and periodontal ligament). In addition, it seems to play an essential part in regulating the underlying mechanisms involved in tissue inflammatory reactions and wound healing. HA has the potential to regulate periodontal tissue regeneration and treat periodontal disease. Aim The current review of the literature was conducted to assess how HA plays its part in periodontal therapy and examine the contemporary literature's viewpoint on its use in periodontal regeneration. Conclusion HA has a multifunctional character in periodontal regeneration, and healing and appears to provide promising outcomes in different periodontal regenerative applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Mansour
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Sharjah University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anirudh Balakrishna Acharya
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Sharjah University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charles Alliot
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nael Eid
- Prosthodontics Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Sharjah University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahi Badran
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Sharjah University, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yousef Kareem
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Betul Rahman
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Sharjah University, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gera K, Chauhan A, Castillo P, Rahman M, Mathavan A, Mathavan A, Oganda-Rivas E, Elliott L, Wingard JR, Sayour EJ. Vaccines: a promising therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:4. [PMID: 38191498 PMCID: PMC10773074 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) define clonal hematopoietic malignancies characterized by heterogeneous mutational and clinical spectra typically seen in the elderly. Curative treatment entails allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, which is often not a feasible option due to older age and significant comorbidities. Immunotherapy has the cytotoxic capacity to elicit tumor-specific killing with long-term immunological memory. While a number of platforms have emerged, therapeutic vaccination presents as an appealing strategy for MDS given its promising safety profile and amenability for commercialization. Several preclinical and clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of vaccines in MDS; these include peptide vaccines targeting tumor antigens, whole cell-based vaccines and dendritic cell-based vaccines. These therapeutic vaccines have shown acceptable safety profiles, but consistent clinical responses remain elusive despite robust immunological reactions. Combining vaccines with immunotherapeutic agents holds promise and requires further investigation. Herein, we highlight therapeutic vaccine trials while reviewing challenges and future directions of successful vaccination strategies in MDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Gera
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Immunotherapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Paul Castillo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maryam Rahman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Immunotherapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Akash Mathavan
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Akshay Mathavan
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Oganda-Rivas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Immunotherapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leighton Elliott
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - John R Wingard
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Elias J Sayour
- Department of Neurosurgery, Preston A. Wells, Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Immunotherapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ursini O, Grieco M, Sappino C, Capodilupo AL, Giannitelli SM, Mauri E, Bucciarelli A, Coricciati C, de Turris V, Gigli G, Moroni L, Cortese B. Modulation of Methacrylated Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels Enables Their Use as 3D Cultured Model. Gels 2023; 9:801. [PMID: 37888374 PMCID: PMC10606912 DOI: 10.3390/gels9100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioengineered hydrogels represent physiologically relevant platforms for cell behaviour studies in the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine fields, as well as in in vitro disease models. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an ideal platform since it is a natural biocompatible polymer that is widely used to study cellular crosstalk, cell adhesion and cell proliferation, and is one of the major components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). We synthesised chemically modified HA with photo-crosslinkable methacrylated groups (HA-MA) in aqueous solutions and in strictly monitored pH and temperature conditions to obtain hydrogels with controlled bulk properties. The physical and chemical properties of the different HA-MA hydrogels were investigated via rheological studies, mechanical testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, which allowed us to determine the optimal biomechanical properties and develop a biocompatible scaffold. The morphological evolution processes and proliferation rates of glioblastoma cells (U251-MG) cultured on HA-MA surfaces were evaluated by comparing 2D structures with 3D structures, showing that the change in dimensionality impacted cell functions and interactions. The cell viability assays and evaluation of mitochondrial metabolism showed that the hydrogels did not interfere with cell survival. In addition, morphological studies provided evidence of cell-matrix interactions that promoted cell budding from the spheroids and the invasiveness in the surrounding environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Ursini
- National Research Council-Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Edificio Fermi, University Sapienza, Pz.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Grieco
- National Research Council-Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.G.); (A.L.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (G.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Carla Sappino
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University Rome, Pz.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Agostina Lina Capodilupo
- National Research Council-Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.G.); (A.L.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (G.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Sara Maria Giannitelli
- Department of Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Mauri
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Bucciarelli
- National Research Council-Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.G.); (A.L.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (G.G.); (L.M.)
| | - Chiara Coricciati
- National Research Council-Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.G.); (A.L.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (G.G.); (L.M.)
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Valeria de Turris
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro- Science Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- National Research Council-Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.G.); (A.L.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (G.G.); (L.M.)
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- National Research Council-Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.G.); (A.L.C.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (G.G.); (L.M.)
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Cortese
- National Research Council-Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR Nanotec), c/o Edificio Fermi, University Sapienza, Pz.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tolg C, Milojevic M, Qi FW, Pavanel HA, Locke MEO, Ma J, Price M, Nelson AC, McCarthy JB, Hill KA, Turley EA. RHAMM regulates MMTV-PyMT-induced lung metastasis by connecting STING-dependent DNA damage sensing to interferon/STAT1 pro-apoptosis signaling. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:74. [PMID: 37349798 PMCID: PMC10286489 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RHAMM is a multifunctional protein that is upregulated in breast tumors, and the presence of strongly RHAMM+ve cancer cell subsets associates with elevated risk of peripheral metastasis. Experimentally, RHAMM impacts cell cycle progression and cell migration. However, the RHAMM functions that contribute to breast cancer metastasis are poorly understood. METHODS We interrogated the metastatic functions of RHAMM using a loss-of-function approach by crossing the MMTV-PyMT mouse model of breast cancer susceptibility with Rhamm-/- mice. In vitro analyses of known RHAMM functions were performed using primary tumor cell cultures and MMTV-PyMT cell lines. Somatic mutations were identified using a mouse genotyping array. RNA-seq was performed to identify transcriptome changes resulting from Rhamm-loss, and SiRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing was used to establish cause and effect of survival mechanisms in vitro. RESULTS Rhamm-loss does not alter initiation or growth of MMTV-PyMT-induced primary tumors but unexpectedly increases lung metastasis. Increased metastatic propensity with Rhamm-loss is not associated with obvious alterations in proliferation, epithelial plasticity, migration, invasion or genomic stability. SNV analyses identify positive selection of Rhamm-/- primary tumor clones that are enriched in lung metastases. Rhamm-/- tumor clones are characterized by an increased ability to survive with ROS-mediated DNA damage, which associates with blunted expression of interferon pathway and target genes, particularly those implicated in DNA damage-resistance. Mechanistic analyses show that ablating RHAMM expression in breast tumor cells by siRNA knockdown or CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing blunts interferon signaling activation by STING agonists and reduces STING agonist-induced apoptosis. The metastasis-specific effect of RHAMM expression-loss is linked to microenvironmental factors unique to tumor-bearing lung tissue, notably high ROS and TGFB levels. These factors promote STING-induced apoptosis of RHAMM+ve tumor cells to a significantly greater extent than RHAMM-ve comparators. As predicted by these results, colony size of Wildtype lung metastases is inversely related to RHAMM expression. CONCLUSION RHAMM expression-loss blunts STING-IFN signaling, which offers growth advantages under specific microenvironmental conditions of lung tissue. These results provide mechanistic insight into factors controlling clonal survival/expansion of metastatic colonies and has translational potential for RHAMM expression as a marker of sensitivity to interferon therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Tolg
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Maja Milojevic
- Departments of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Freda W Qi
- Departments of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - M Elizabeth O Locke
- Departments of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Departments of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jenny Ma
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mathew Price
- Masonic Cancer Center, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andrew C Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James B McCarthy
- Masonic Cancer Center, Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathleen A Hill
- Departments of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Departments of Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Eva A Turley
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Departments of Biochemistry, Oncology and Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Berdiaki A, Neagu M, Spyridaki I, Kuskov A, Perez S, Nikitovic D. Hyaluronan and Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling—Novel Cues from the Matrix? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040824. [PMID: 37107200 PMCID: PMC10135151 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a naturally occurring non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) localized to the cell surface and the tissue extracellular matrix (ECM). It is composed of disaccharides containing glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine, is synthesized by the HA synthase (HAS) enzymes and is degraded by hyaluronidase (HYAL) or reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) actions. HA is deposited as a high molecular weight (HMW) polymer and degraded to low molecular weight (LMW) fragments and oligosaccharides. HA affects biological functions by interacting with HA-binding proteins (hyaladherins). HMW HA is anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and antiangiogenic, whereas LMW HA has pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenetic, and oncogenic effects. ROS/RNS naturally degrade HMW HA, albeit at enhanced levels during tissue injury and inflammatory processes. Thus, the degradation of endothelial glycocalyx HA by increased ROS challenges vascular integrity and can initiate several disease progressions. Conversely, HA exerts a vital role in wound healing through ROS-mediated HA modifications, which affect the innate immune system. The normal turnover of HA protects against matrix rigidification. Insufficient turnover leads to increased tissue rigidity, leading to tissue dysfunction. Both endogenous and exogenous HMW HA have a scavenging capacity against ROS. The interactions of ROS/RNS with HA are more complex than presently perceived and present an important research topic.
Collapse
|