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Shahsavari S, Sharifi I, Salarkia E, Keyhani A, Sharifi F, Babaei Z. In silico and experimental potentials of 6-shogaol and meglumine antimoniate on Leishmania major: multiple synergistic combinations through modulation of biological properties. Immunol Res 2024:10.1007/s12026-024-09530-4. [PMID: 39155331 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09530-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Conventional therapeutic agents are no longer adequate against leishmaniasis. This complex condition continues to have a high mortality rate and public health impact. The present study aimed to explore an extensive array of experiments to monitor the biological activities of 6-shogaol, a major component of ginger, and meglumine antimoniate (MA or Glucantime®). The binding affinity of 6-shogaol and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), a major enzyme catalyzing nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine was the source for the docking outline. The inhibitory effects of 6-shogaol, MA, and mixture were assessed using colorimetric and macrophage assays. Antioxidant activity was inferred by UV-visible spectrophotometry. Variably expressed genes were measured by quantifiable real-time polymerase chain reaction. Apoptotic and cell cycle profiles were analyzed by flow cytometry. Moreover, a DNA fragmentation assay was performed by electrophoresis and antioxidant metabolites include superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and also nitric oxide (NO) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 6-shogaol and MA exhibited multiple synergistic mechanisms of action. These included a remarkable leishmanicidal effect, potent antioxidative activity, a high safety index, upregulation of M1 macrophages/Th1-associated cytokines (including, γ-interferon, interleukin-12p40, tumor necrotizing factor-alpha, and associated iNOS), significant cell division capture at the sub-G0/G1 phase, a high profile of apoptosis through DNA fragmentation of the nuclear components. In addition, the activity of NO was substantially elevated by treated intracellular amastigotes, while SOD and CAT activities were significantly diminished. This study is exclusive because no similar investigation has inclusively been conducted before. These comprehensive mechanistic actions form a logical foundation for additional advanced study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Shahsavari
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Salarkia
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Keyhani
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Babaei
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Lai HC, Weng JC, Huang HC, Ho JX, Kuo CL, Cheng JC, Huang ST. Solanum torvum induces ferroptosis to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118670. [PMID: 39117020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Solanum torvum Sw. (ST) is used to clear heat toxins, promote blood circulation, and alleviate blood stasis. Therefore, this plant has traditionally been used as an ethnomedicine for common cold, chronic gastritis, and tumors. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which ST induces ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the combination effect with lenvatinib, and the impact on lenvatinib-resistant cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability assays were performed using different hepatoma cell lines treated with ST. Lipid peroxidation and iron assays were performed using flow cytometry. Molecules involved in the ferroptosis pathway were detected by Western blotting. Finally, a lenvatinib-resistant cell line was established to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of ST. RESULTS ST ethanol extract inhibited the growth of various hepatoma cell lines. A significant reduction in glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression was observed following ST treatment, which was accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation and Fe2+ accumulation. ST induced ferroptosis mainly through heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. HO-1 knockdown reduced ST-induced lipid peroxidation and reversed GPX4 suppression. Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) also participated in ST-induced ferroptosis. ST and lenvatinib combination showed an additive effect, and ST retained its potential anti-HCC efficacy in a lenvatinib-resistant cell line. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the ethanol extract of ST inhibits hepatoma cell growth by inducing ferroptosis. ST displayed an additive effect with lenvatinib in Hep 3B cells and showed remarkable anti-HCC activity in lenvatinib-resistant Hep 3B cells. Collectively, the study shows that ST might have the potential to reduce lenvatinib use in clinical practice and salvage cases of lenvatinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lai
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chun Weng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chi Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Xuan Ho
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chien Cheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wang X, Xu M, Shi M, Tian Y, Zhi Y, Han X, Sui H, Wan Y, Jia X, Yang H. Macrophage polarization as a novel endpoint for assessing combined risk of phthalate esters. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108835. [PMID: 38908276 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Combined exposure to phthalate esters (PAEs) has garnered increasing attention due to potential synergistic effects on human health. This study aimed to develop an in vitro model using human macrophages to evaluate the combined toxicity of PAEs and explore the underlying mechanisms. A high-throughput screening system was engineered by expressing a PPRE-eGFP reporter in THP-1 monocytes to monitor macrophage polarization upon PAEs exposure. Individual PAEs exhibited varied inhibitory effects on M2 macrophage polarization, with mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) being the most potent. Isobologram analysis revealed additive interactions when MEHP was combined with other PAEs, resulting in more pronounced suppression of M2 markers compared to individual compounds. Mechanistic studies suggested PAEs may exert effects by modulating PPARγ activity to inhibit M2 polarization. Notably, an equimolar mixture of six PAEs showed additive inhibition of M2 markers. In vivo experiments corroborated the combined hepatotoxic effects, with mice exposed to a PAEs mixture exhibiting reduced liver weight, dyslipidemia, and decreased hepatic M2 macrophages compared to DEHP alone. Transcriptome analysis highlighted disruptions in PPAR signaling, and distinct pathway alterations on cholesterol metabolism in the mixture group. Collectively, these findings underscore the importance of evaluating mixture effects and provide a novel approach for hazard assessment of combined PAEs exposure with implications for environmental health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Peking Union Medical College, Research Unit of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Chengdu, China
| | - Miaoying Shi
- NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Peking Union Medical College, Research Unit of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaru Tian
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhi
- NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Han
- NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Sui
- NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Jia
- NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Peking Union Medical College, Research Unit of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
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Patterson SC, Pomeroy AE, Palmer AC. Ultrasensitive Response Explains the Benefit of Combination Chemotherapy Despite Drug Antagonism. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:995-1009. [PMID: 38530117 PMCID: PMC11219261 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Most aggressive lymphomas are treated with combination chemotherapy, commonly as multiple cycles of concurrent drug administration. Concurrent administration is in theory optimal when combination therapies have synergistic (more than additive) drug interactions. We investigated pharmacodynamic interactions in the standard 4-drug "CHOP" regimen in peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) cell lines and found that CHOP consistently exhibits antagonism and not synergy. We tested whether staggered treatment schedules could improve tumor cell kill by avoiding antagonism, using in vitro models of concurrent or staggered treatments. Surprisingly, we observed that tumor cell kill is maximized by concurrent drug administration despite antagonistic drug-drug interactions. We propose that an ultrasensitive dose response, as described in radiology by the linear-quadratic (LQ) model, can reconcile these seemingly contradictory experimental observations. The LQ model describes the relationship between cell survival and dose, and in radiology has identified scenarios favoring hypofractionated radiotherapy-the administration of fewer large doses rather than multiple smaller doses. Specifically, hypofractionated treatment can be favored when cells require an accumulation of DNA damage, rather than a "single hit," to die. By adapting the LQ model to combination chemotherapy and accounting for tumor heterogeneity, we find that tumor cell kill is maximized by concurrent administration of multiple drugs, even when chemotherapies have antagonistic interactions. Thus, our study identifies a new mechanism by which combination chemotherapy can be clinically beneficial that is not contingent on positive drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Patterson
- Department of Pharmacology, Computational Medicine Program, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Amy E. Pomeroy
- Department of Pharmacology, Computational Medicine Program, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Adam C. Palmer
- Department of Pharmacology, Computational Medicine Program, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Zhao D, Huang P, Yu L, He Y. Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics Modeling for Evaluating Drug-Drug Interactions in Polypharmacy: Development and Challenges. Clin Pharmacokinet 2024; 63:919-944. [PMID: 38888813 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-024-01391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Polypharmacy is commonly employed in clinical settings. The potential risks of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) can compromise efficacy and pose serious health hazards. Integrating pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) models into DDIs research provides a reliable method for evaluating and optimizing drug regimens. With advancements in our comprehension of both individual drug mechanisms and DDIs, conventional models have begun to evolve towards more detailed and precise directions, especially in terms of the simulation and analysis of physiological mechanisms. Selecting appropriate models is crucial for an accurate assessment of DDIs. This review details the theoretical frameworks and quantitative benchmarks of PK and PD modeling in DDI evaluation, highlighting the establishment of PK/PD modeling against a backdrop of complex DDIs and physiological conditions, and further showcases the potential of quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) in this field. Furthermore, it explores the current advancements and challenges in DDI evaluation based on models, emphasizing the role of emerging in vitro detection systems, high-throughput screening technologies, and advanced computational resources in improving prediction accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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Naing MD, Juliano SA, Angeles-Boza AM. Synergy between the clavanins as a weapon against multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2160-2164. [PMID: 38911167 PMCID: PMC11187565 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00070f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Finding new antibiotics that can act synergistically with each other offers many benefits such as lower dosages used for each drug, improved pathogen clearance, and ability to act against multi-drug resistant strains. In this study, six peptides isolated from the tunicate Styela clava were evaluated for their synergistic interaction using the checkerboard assay and the time kill kinetics assay. Using two different tests, we report synergy between clavanin D and clavaspirin in both tests and synergy between clavanin A and B only in the checkerboard test when used against the multidrug resistant E. cloacae 0136. This work demonstrates the possible cooperativity between homologous AMPs from a single organism and the advantage of using two susceptibility tests instead of one when testing synergistic combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin D Naing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut Storrs 06269 USA
| | - Samuel A Juliano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut Storrs 06269 USA
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut Storrs 06269 USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut Storrs 06269 USA
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Kuo CC, McCall JG. Neural circuit-selective, multiplexed pharmacological targeting of prefrontal cortex-projecting locus coeruleus neurons drives antinociception. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.08.598059. [PMID: 38895281 PMCID: PMC11185789 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.08.598059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Selective manipulation of neural circuits using optogenetics and chemogenetics holds great translational potential but requires genetic access to neurons. Here, we demonstrate a general framework for identifying genetic tool-independent, pharmacological strategies for neural circuit-selective modulation. We developed an economically accessible calcium imaging-based approach for large-scale pharmacological scans of endogenous receptor-mediated neural activity. As a testbed for this approach, we used the mouse locus coeruleus due to the combination of its widespread, modular efferent neural circuitry and its wide variety of endogenously expressed GPCRs. Using machine learning-based action potential deconvolution and retrograde tracing, we identified an agonist cocktail that selectively inhibits medial prefrontal cortex-projecting locus coeruleus neurons. In vivo, this cocktail produces synergistic antinociception, consistent with selective pharmacological blunting of this neural circuit. This framework has broad utility for selective targeting of other neural circuits under different physiological and pathological states, facilitating non-genetic translational applications arising from cell type-selective discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Cheng Kuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jordan G. McCall
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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8
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Ndu CC, Abotsi WKM, Mante PK. Investigation of Herb-Drug Interactions between Xylopia aethiopica, Its Principal Constituent Xylopic Acid, and Antidepressants. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:9923801. [PMID: 38826835 PMCID: PMC11144068 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9923801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Depression affects an estimated 350 million people worldwide and is implicated in up to 60% of suicides. Only about 60-70% of patients respond to antidepressant therapy. One of the factors causing patients to not attain therapeutic goals is herb-drug interactions. Objective To investigate any potential herb-drug interaction that might exist between Xylopia aethiopica extract (XAE) or xylopic acid (XA) and selected conventional antidepressants (imipramine, fluoxetine, and venlafaxine) in mice. Methods Dried, powdered fruits of Xylopia aethiopica were cold macerated in 70% ethanol to obtain XAE. XA was isolated by cold macerating dried fruits of Xylopia aethiopica in petroleum ether, crystallising impure XA with ethyl acetate, and purifying XA crystals with 96% ethanol. Pharmacodynamic interaction was assessed via isobolographic analysis of tail suspension tests of the agents individually and in their respective combinations. Pharmacokinetic interaction was assessed by monitoring the effect of coadministrations on the plasma concentration of antidepressants and xylopic acid via HPLC analysis. Results XAE and XA in mice showed significant antidepressant-like activity in the tail suspension test. With interaction indices less than one, synergism of antidepressant effect was observed in the Xylopia aethiopica extract/fluoxetine (γXAE/FL = 0.502), Xylopia aethiopica extract/imipramine (γXAE/IP = 0.322), Xylopia aethiopica extract/venlafaxine (γXAE/VL = 0.601), xylopic acid/imipramine (γXA/IP = 0.556), xylopic acid/venlafaxine (γXA/VL = 0.451), and xylopic acid/fluoxetine (γXA/FL = 0.298) combinations, which may be potentially due to elevation of serotonergic neurotransmission via varying mechanisms. The AUC of imipramine (AUCIP = 1966 ± 58.98 µg/ml.h) was significantly (P < 0.0001) reduced by Xylopia aethiopica extract (AUCIP = 1228 ± 67.40 µg/ml.h) and xylopic acid (AUCIP = 1250 ± 55.95 µg/ml.h), while the AUC of xylopic acid (AUCXA = 968.10 ± 61.22 µg/ml.h) was significantly (P < 0.0001) reduced by venlafaxine (AUCXA = 285.90 ± 51.92 µg/ml.h) and fluoxetine (AUCXA = 510.60 ± 44.74 µg/ml.h), possibly due to the effect of interfering agents on gastric emptying hence reducing oral absorption. Conclusion Xylopia aethiopica extract and xylopic acid interacted synergistically with imipramine, fluoxetine, and venlafaxine and reduced the systemic circulation of imipramine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian C. Ndu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Wonder K. M. Abotsi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Priscilla K. Mante
- Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Akkaya Hocagil T, Ryan LM, Cook RJ, Dang KD, Carter RC, Richardson GA, Day NL, Coles CD, Carmichael Olson H, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL. Benchmark dose profiles for bivariate exposures. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2024. [PMID: 38651726 DOI: 10.1111/risa.14303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
While benchmark dose (BMD) methodology is well-established for settings with a single exposure, these methods cannot easily handle multidimensional exposures with nonlinear effects. We propose a framework for BMD analysis to characterize the joint effect of a two-dimensional exposure on a continuous outcome using a generalized additive model while adjusting for potential confounders via propensity scores. This leads to a dose-response surface which can be summarized in two dimensions by a contour plot in which combinations of exposures leading to the same expected effect are identified. In our motivating study of prenatal alcohol exposure, cognitive deficits in children are found to be associated with both the frequency of drinking as well as the amount of alcohol consumed on each drinking day during pregnancy. The general methodological framework is useful for a broad range of settings, including combinations of environmental stressors, such as chemical mixtures, and in explorations of the impact of dose rate rather than simply cumulative exposure on adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Akkaya Hocagil
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Louise M Ryan
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard J Cook
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Khue-Dung Dang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Colin Carter
- Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gale A Richardson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nancy L Day
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Claire D Coles
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Heather Carmichael Olson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sandra W Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Joseph L Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Rosado-Quiñones AM, Colón-Lorenzo EE, Pala ZR, Bosch J, Kudyba K, Kudyba H, Leed SE, Roncal N, Baerga-Ortiz A, Roche-Lima A, Gerena Y, Fidock DA, Roth A, Vega-Rodríguez J, Serrano AE. Novel hydrazone compounds with broad-spectrum antiplasmodial activity and synergistic interactions with antimalarial drugs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024:e0164323. [PMID: 38639491 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01643-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of novel antiplasmodial compounds with broad-spectrum activity against different stages of Plasmodium parasites is crucial to prevent malaria disease and parasite transmission. This study evaluated the antiplasmodial activity of seven novel hydrazone compounds (referred to as CB compounds: CB-27, CB-41, CB-50, CB-53, CB-58, CB-59, and CB-61) against multiple stages of Plasmodium parasites. All CB compounds inhibited blood stage proliferation of drug-resistant or sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum in the low micromolar to nanomolar range. Interestingly, CB-41 exhibited prophylactic activity against hypnozoites and liver schizonts in Plasmodium cynomolgi, a primate model for Plasmodium vivax. Four CB compounds (CB-27, CB-41, CB-53, and CB-61) inhibited P. falciparum oocyst formation in mosquitoes, and five CB compounds (CB-27, CB-41, CB-53, CB-58, and CB-61) hindered the in vitro development of Plasmodium berghei ookinetes. The CB compounds did not inhibit the activation of P. berghei female and male gametocytes in vitro. Isobologram assays demonstrated synergistic interactions between CB-61 and the FDA-approved antimalarial drugs, clindamycin and halofantrine. Testing of six CB compounds showed no inhibition of Plasmodium glutathione S-transferase as a putative target and no cytotoxicity in HepG2 liver cells. CB compounds are promising candidates for further development as antimalarial drugs against multidrug-resistant parasites, which could also prevent malaria transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica M Rosado-Quiñones
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Emilee E Colón-Lorenzo
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Zarna Rajeshkumar Pala
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jürgen Bosch
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- InterRayBio, LLC, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Karl Kudyba
- Department of Drug Discovery, Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather Kudyba
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan E Leed
- Department of Drug Discovery, Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Norma Roncal
- Department of Drug Discovery, Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Abel Baerga-Ortiz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Abiel Roche-Lima
- RCMI Program, Medical Science Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Yamil Gerena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - David A Fidock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alison Roth
- Department of Drug Discovery, Experimental Therapeutics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Joel Vega-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Adelfa E Serrano
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Bentley DJ. Revisiting the Checkerboard to Inform Development of β-Lactam/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:337. [PMID: 38667012 PMCID: PMC11047560 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A two-dimensional "checkerboard" array employing systematic titration (e.g., serial two-fold dilutions) is a well-established in vitro method for exploring the antibacterial effects of novel drug combinations. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) on the checkerboard are isoeffective points at which the antibiotic potency is the same. Representations of checkerboard MIC curves for a β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor combination are used in hypothetical "thought experiments" and reveal the ways in which current practices can be improved. Because different types of response (i.e., independence vs. additivity vs. one effective agent; interaction vs. noninteraction) produce different MIC curves, data from different strains/isolates should not be pooled indiscriminately, as the composition of a pooled dataset will influence any derived pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) index. Because the β-lactamase inhibitor threshold concentration (CT) parameter is a function of the β-lactam partner dosing regimen, it is not possible to derive a universal PK/PD index target based on CT. Alternative susceptibility testing methods represent different planes through the checkerboard; a fixed ratio method is less prone to bias for all β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. Susceptibility test MICs will often not reflect the sensitivity of the strain/isolate to the β-lactamase inhibitor, so the use of these MICs to normalize PK/PD indices is inappropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren J Bentley
- Certara Drug Development Solutions, Certara Level 2-Acero, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, UK
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12
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Dutta M, Qamar T, Kushavah U, Siddiqi MI, Kar S. Exploring host epigenetic enzymes as targeted therapies for visceral leishmaniasis: in silico design and in vitro efficacy of KDM6B and ASH1L inhibitors. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10824-w. [PMID: 38522046 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10824-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
In order to combat various infectious diseases, the utilization of host-directed therapies as an alternative to chemotherapy has gained a lot of attention in the recent past, since it bypasses the existing limitations of conventional therapies. The use of host epigenetic enzymes like histone lysine methyltransferases and lysine demethylases as potential drug targets has successfully been employed for controlling various inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and acute leukemia. In our earlier study, we have already shown that the functional knockdown of KDM6B and ASH1L in the experimental model of visceral leishmaniasis has resulted in a significant reduction of organ parasite burden. Herein, we performed a high throughput virtual screening against KDM6B and ASH1L using > 53,000 compounds that were obtained from the Maybridge library and PubChem Database, followed by molecular docking to evaluate their docking score/Glide Gscore. Based on their docking scores, the selected inhibitors were later assessed for their in vitro anti-leishmanial efficacy. Out of all inhibitors designed against KDM6B and ASH1L, HTS09796, GSK-J4 and AS-99 particularly showed promising in vitro activity with IC50 < 5 µM against both extracellular promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of L. donovani. In vitro drug interaction studies of these inhibitors further demonstrated their synergistic interaction with amphotericin-B and miltefosine. However, GSK-J4 makes an exception by displaying an in different mode of interaction with miltefosine. Collectively, our in silico and in vitro studies acted as a platform to identify the applicability of these inhibitors targeted against KDM6B and ASH1L for anti-leishmanial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Dutta
- Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Tooba Qamar
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Unnati Kushavah
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Siddiqi
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Susanta Kar
- Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Scaccaglia M, Birbaumer MP, Pinelli S, Pelosi G, Frei A. Discovery of antibacterial manganese(i) tricarbonyl complexes through combinatorial chemistry. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3907-3919. [PMID: 38487233 PMCID: PMC10935722 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05326a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The continuous rise of antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to human health and already causing hundreds of thousands of deaths each year. While natural products and synthetic organic small molecules have provided the majority of our current antibiotic arsenal, they are falling short in providing new drugs with novel modes of action able to treat multidrug resistant bacteria. Metal complexes have recently shown promising results as antimicrobial agents, but the number of studied compounds is still vanishingly small, making it difficult to identify promising compound classes or elucidate structure-activity relationships. To accelerate the pace of discovery we have applied a combinatorial chemistry approach to the synthesis of metalloantibiotics. Utilizing robust Schiff-base chemistry and combining 7 picolinaldehydes with 10 aniline derivatives, and 6 axial ligands, either imidazole/pyridine-based or solvent, we have prepared a library of 420 novel manganese tricarbonyl complexes. All compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial properties and 10 lead compounds were identified, re-synthesised and fully characterised. All 10 compounds showed high and broad activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The best manganese complex displayed low toxicity against human cells with a therapeutic index of >100. In initial mode of action studies, we show that it targets the bacterial membrane without inducing pore formation or depolarisation. Instead, it releases its carbon monoxide ligands around the membrane and inhibits the bacterial respiratory chain. This work demonstrates that large numbers of metal complexes can be accessed through combinatorial synthesis and evaluated for their antibacterial potential, allowing for the rapid identification of promising metalloantibiotic lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Scaccaglia
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma 43124 Parma Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Michael P Birbaumer
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Silvana Pinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma Via Gramsci 14 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Giorgio Pelosi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Angelo Frei
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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14
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Liu JY, Sayes CM. Modeling mixtures interactions in environmental toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104380. [PMID: 38309542 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
In the environment, organisms are exposed to mixtures of different toxicants, which may interact in ways that are difficult to predict when only considering each component individually. Adapting and expanding tools from pharmacology, the toxicology field uses analytical, graphical, and computational methods to identify and quantify interactions in multi-component mixtures. The two general frameworks are concentration addition, where components have similar modes of action and their effects sum together, or independent action, where components have dissimilar modes of action and do not interact. Other interaction behaviors include synergism and antagonism, where the combined effects are more or less than the additive sum of individual effects. This review covers foundational theory, methods, an in-depth survey of original research from the past 20 years, current trends, and future directions. As humans and ecosystems are exposed to increasingly complex mixtures of environmental contaminants, analyzing mixtures interactions will continue to become a more critical aspect of toxicological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Y Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Christie M Sayes
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
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15
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Haratake N, Ozawa H, Morimoto Y, Yamashita N, Daimon T, Bhattacharya A, Wang K, Nakashoji A, Isozaki H, Shimokawa M, Kikutake C, Suyama M, Hashinokuchi A, Takada K, Takenaka T, Yoshizumi T, Mitsudomi T, Hata AN, Kufe D. MUC1-C Is a Common Driver of Acquired Osimertinib Resistance in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2024; 19:434-450. [PMID: 37924972 PMCID: PMC10939926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osimertinib is an irreversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring EGFR exon 19 deletions or L858R mutations. Patients treated with osimertinib invariably develop acquired resistance by mechanisms involving additional EGFR mutations, MET amplification, and other pathways. There is no known involvement of the oncogenic MUC1-C protein in acquired osimertinib resistance. METHODS H1975/EGFR (L858R/T790M) and patient-derived NSCLC cells with acquired osimertinib resistance were investigated for MUC1-C dependence in studies of EGFR pathway activation, clonogenicity, and self-renewal capacity. RESULTS We reveal that MUC1-C is up-regulated in H1975 osimertinib drug-tolerant persister cells and is necessary for activation of the EGFR pathway. H1975 cells selected for stable osimertinib resistance (H1975-OR) and MGH700-2D cells isolated from a patient with acquired osimertinib resistance are found to be dependent on MUC1-C for induction of (1) phospho (p)-EGFR, p-ERK, and p-AKT, (2) EMT, and (3) the resistant phenotype. We report that MUC1-C is also required for p-EGFR, p-ERK, and p-AKT activation and self-renewal capacity in acquired osimertinib-resistant (1) MET-amplified MGH170-1D #2 cells and (2) MGH121 Res#2/EGFR (T790M/C797S) cells. Importantly, targeting MUC1-C in these diverse models reverses osimertinib resistance. In support of these results, high MUC1 mRNA and MUC1-C protein expression is associated with a poor prognosis for patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that MUC1-C is a common effector of osimertinib resistance and is a potential target for the treatment of osimertinib-resistant NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Haratake
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yoshihiro Morimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Atrayee Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Keyi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ayako Nakashoji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hideko Isozaki
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mototsugu Shimokawa
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Chie Kikutake
- Division of Bioinformatics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mikita Suyama
- Division of Bioinformatics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Asato Hashinokuchi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tomoyoshi Takenaka
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yoshizumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mitsudomi
- Department of Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Aaron N Hata
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald Kufe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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16
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Wang R, Mi Y, Ni J, Wang Y, Ding L, Ran X, Sun Q, Tan SY, Koeffler HP, Feng N, Chen YQ. Identification of PRDX5 as A Target for The Treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304939. [PMID: 38115765 PMCID: PMC10916659 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a long-standing clinical challenge. Traditionally, CRPC drugs work by either reducing dihydrotestosterone biosynthesis or blocking androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Here it is demonstrated that AR inhibitor treatment gives rise to a drug-tolerant persister (DTP) state. The thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin pathway is up-regulated in DTP cells. Peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5) promotes AR inhibitor resistance and CRPC development. Inhibition of PRDX5 suppresses DTP cell proliferation in culture, dampens CRPC development in animal models, and stabilizes PSA progression and metastatic lesions in patients. Therefore, the study provides a novel mechanism and potential target for the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Jiangnan University Medical CenterJiangnan UniversityWuxi214002China
- Wuxi School of MedicineJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Yuanyuan Mi
- Affiliated HospitalJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Jiang Ni
- Affiliated HospitalJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
| | - Yang Wang
- Jiangnan University Medical CenterJiangnan UniversityWuxi214002China
| | - Lingwen Ding
- Department of PathologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore117599Singapore
| | - Xuebin Ran
- Department of PathologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore117599Singapore
| | - Qiaoyang Sun
- Department of HematologySingapore General HospitalSingapore169608Singapore
| | - Soo Yong Tan
- Department of PathologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of SingaporeNational University of SingaporeSingapore117599Singapore
- Division of Hematology/OncologyCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterUCLA School of MedicineLos AngelesCalifornia90048USA
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Jiangnan University Medical CenterJiangnan UniversityWuxi214002China
| | - Yong Q Chen
- Jiangnan University Medical CenterJiangnan UniversityWuxi214002China
- Wuxi School of MedicineJiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China
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17
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Leslie AR, Ning S, Armstrong CM, D’Abronzo LS, Sharifi M, Schaaf ZA, Lou W, Liu C, Evans CP, Lombard AP, Gao AC. IGFBP3 promotes resistance to Olaparib via modulating EGFR signaling in advanced prostate cancer. iScience 2024; 27:108984. [PMID: 38327800 PMCID: PMC10847745 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Olaparib is a pioneering PARP inhibitor (PARPi) approved for treating castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) tumors harboring DNA repair defects, but clinical resistance has been documented. To study acquired resistance, we developed Olaparib-resistant (OlapR) cell lines through chronic Olaparib treatment of LNCaP and C4-2B cell lines. Here, we found that IGFBP3 is highly expressed in acquired (OlapR) and intrinsic (Rv1) models of Olaparib resistance. We show that IGFBP3 expression promotes Olaparib resistance by enhancing DNA repair capacity through activation of EGFR and DNA-PKcs. IGFBP3 depletion enhances efficacy of Olaparib by promoting DNA damage accumulation and subsequently, cell death in resistant models. Mechanistically, we show that silencing IGFBP3 or EGFR expression reduces cell viability and resensitizes OlapR cells to Olaparib treatment. Inhibition of EGFR by Gefitinib suppressed growth of OlapR cells and improved Olaparib sensitivity, thereby phenocopying IGFBP3 inhibition. Collectively, our results highlight IGFBP3 and EGFR as critical mediators of Olaparib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R. Leslie
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Shu Ning
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Masuda Sharifi
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Zachary A. Schaaf
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Wei Lou
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Chengfei Liu
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christopher P. Evans
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alan P. Lombard
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Allen C. Gao
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, CA, USA
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18
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Marzęda P, Wróblewska-Łuczka P, Florek-Łuszczki M, Góralczyk A, Łuszczki JJ. AM1172 (a hydrolysis-resistant endocannabinoid analog that inhibits anandamide cellular uptake) reduces the viability of the various melanoma cells, but it exerts significant cytotoxic effects on healthy cells: an in vitro study based on isobolographic analysis. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:154-170. [PMID: 38019413 PMCID: PMC10830817 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite great advances in our understanding of the impact of cannabinoids on human organism, many of their properties still remain undetermined, including their potential antineoplastic effects. This study was designed to assess the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects of AM1172 (a hydrolysis-resistant endocannabinoid analog that inhibits anandamide cellular uptake) administered alone and in combinations with docetaxel (DOCX), paclitaxel (PACX), mitoxantrone (MTX) and cisplatin (CDDP) on various human malignant melanoma A375, FM55P, SK-MEL 28 and FM55M2 cell lines. MATERIALS In the MTT, LDH, and BrdU assays, the potency and safety of AM1172 when administered alone and in combinations with DOCX, PACX, MTX, and CDDP were determined. RESULTS The isobolographic analysis revealed that combinations of AM1172 with PACX, DOCX, MTX, and CDDP exerted additive interactions, except for a combination of AM1172 with PACX in primary melanoma A375 cell line, for which synergy was observed (*p<0.05). Nevertheless, AM1172 when administered alone produced cytotoxic effects on healthy human melanocytes (HEMa-LP) and human keratinocytes (HaCaT), which unfortunately limits its potential therapeutic utility. CONCLUSIONS AM1172 cannot be used separately as a chemotherapeutic drug, but it can be combined with PACX, DOCX, MTX, and CDDP, offering additive interactions in terms of the anti-proliferative effects in various malignant melanoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Marzęda
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Agnieszka Góralczyk
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Łuszczki
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
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Vydyam P, Pal AC, Renard I, Chand M, Kumari V, Gennaro JC, Mamoun CB. Tafenoquine-Atovaquone Combination Achieves Radical Cure and Confers Sterile Immunity in Experimental Models of Human Babesiosis. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:161-172. [PMID: 38169301 PMCID: PMC10786256 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Human babesiosis is a potentially fatal tick-borne disease caused by intraerythrocytic Babesia parasites. The emergence of resistance to recommended therapies highlights the need for new and more effective treatments. Here we demonstrate that the 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug tafenoquine inhibits the growth of different Babesia species in vitro, is highly effective against Babesia microti and Babesia duncani in mice and protects animals from lethal infection caused by atovaquone-sensitive and -resistant B. duncani strains. We further show that a combination of tafenoquine and atovaquone achieves cure with no recrudescence in both models of human babesiosis. Interestingly, elimination of B. duncani infection in animals following drug treatment also confers immunity to subsequent challenge. Altogether, the data demonstrate superior efficacy of tafenoquine plus atovaquone combination over current therapies for the treatment of human babesiosis and highlight its potential in providing protective immunity against Babesia following parasite clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Vydyam
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anasuya C Pal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Isaline Renard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Meenal Chand
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Vandana Kumari
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Joseph C Gennaro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Choukri Ben Mamoun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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20
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Salinas-Restrepo C, Naranjo-Duran AM, Quintana J, Bueno J, Guzman F, Hoyos Palacio LM, Segura C. Short Antimicrobial Peptide Derived from the Venom Gland Transcriptome of Pamphobeteus verdolaga Increases Gentamicin Susceptibility of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 38275316 PMCID: PMC10812672 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases account for nine percent of annual human deaths, and the widespread emergence of antimicrobial resistances threatens to significantly increase this number in the coming decades. The prospect of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from venomous animals presents an interesting alternative for developing novel active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Small, cationic and amphiphilic peptides were predicted from the venom gland transcriptome of Pamphobeteus verdolaga using a custom database of the arthropod's AMPs. Ninety-four candidates were chemically synthesized and screened against ATCC® strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Among them, one AMP, named PvAMP66, showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties with selectivity towards Gram-negative bacteria. It also exhibited activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as both an ATCC® and a clinically isolated multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain of K. pneumoniae. The scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that PvAMP66 induced morphological changes of the MDR K. pneumoniae strain suggesting a potential "carpet model" mechanism of action. The isobologram analysis showed an additive interaction between PvAMP66 and gentamicin in inhibiting the growth of MDR K. pneumoniae, leading to a ten-fold reduction in gentamicin's effective concentration. A cytotoxicity against erythrocytes or peripheral blood mononuclear cells was observed at concentrations three to thirteen-fold higher than those exhibited against the evaluated bacterial strains. This evidence suggests that PvAMP66 can serve as a template for the development of AMPs with enhanced activity and deserves further pre-clinical studies as an API in combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Salinas-Restrepo
- Grupo Toxinología, Alternativas Terapéuticas y Alimentarias, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050012, Colombia; (C.S.-R.); (A.M.N.-D.)
| | - Ana María Naranjo-Duran
- Grupo Toxinología, Alternativas Terapéuticas y Alimentarias, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050012, Colombia; (C.S.-R.); (A.M.N.-D.)
| | - Juan Quintana
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín 050012, Colombia;
| | - Julio Bueno
- Grupo Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050012, Colombia;
| | - Fanny Guzman
- Núcleo Biotecnología Curauma (NBC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 3100000, Chile;
| | - Lina M. Hoyos Palacio
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín 050031, Colombia;
| | - Cesar Segura
- Grupo Malaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050012, Colombia
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Zhang M, Hou XD, Liu W, Wang L, Jiang MF, Hou J, Tang H, Ge GB. Uncovering the anti-obesity constituents in Ginkgo biloba extract and deciphering their synergistic effects. Fitoterapia 2023; 171:105669. [PMID: 37683877 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has been recognized as a key risk factor for multiple metabolic disorders, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and many types of cancer. Herbal medicines have been frequently used for preventing and treating obesity in many countries, but in most cases, the key anti-obesity constituents in herbs and their anti-obesity mechanisms are poorly understood. This study demonstrated a case study for uncovering the anti-obesity constituents in an anti-obesity herbal medicine (Ginkgo biloba extract) and deciphering their synergistic effects via targeting human pancreatic lipase (hPL). Following screening the anti-hPL effects of eighty herbal medicines, Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE50) was found with the most potent anti-hPL activity. Global chemical profiling of herbal constituents coupling with hPL inhibition assay revealed that the bioflavonoids and several flavonoids in GBE50 were key anti-hPL constituents. Among all tested thirty-eight constituents, sciadopitysin, bilobetin, quercetin, isoginkgetin, and ginkgetin showed potent anti-hPL effects (IC50 values <2.5 μM). Inhibition kinetic analyses suggested that sciadopitysin, bilobetin, quercetin, isoginkgetin, and ginkgetin acted as non-competitive inhibitors of hPL, with the Ki values were <2 μM. Docking simulations revealed that four bioflavonoids (sciadopitysin, bilobetin, isoginkgetin, and ginkgetin) could tightly bind on hPL at cavity 2, which it is different from the binding cavity of quercetin on hPL. Further investigations demonstrated that the combinations of quercetin and one bioflavonoid-type hPL inhibitor (sciadopitysin or bilobetin) showed synergistic anti-hPL effects, suggesting that the multi-components in GBE50 may generate more potent anti-hPL effect. Collectively, our findings uncovered the anti-obesity constituents in GBE50, and explored their anti-hPL mechanisms as well as synergistic effects at molecular levels, which will be very helpful for further understanding the anti-obesity mechanisms of Ginkgo biloba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Pharmacy School of Shihezi University, Xinjiang 832003, China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xu-Dong Hou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Pharmacy School of Shihezi University, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Mei-Fang Jiang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jie Hou
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Hui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Pharmacy School of Shihezi University, Xinjiang 832003, China.
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Muñoz AJ, Espínola F, Ruiz E, Moya M, Castro E. Biocidal and synergistic effect of three types of biologically synthesised silver/silver chloride nanoparticles. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:18. [PMID: 37985512 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Three types of silver/silver chloride nanoparticles were obtained by green synthesis from three types of microbial biomass. Their biocidal capacity was tested against six microorganisms. Two filamentous fungi were used that had previously demonstrated the ability to synthesise nanoparticles, Penicillium sp. 8L2 and Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05. Also, the synthesis capacity of a yeast, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa 1S1, was evaluated. The original protocols underwent slight modifications. At the same time, the fractional inhibitory concentration was obtained. The interaction between specific antibiotics and the nanoparticles that showed the greatest biocidal capacity came from Penicillium sp.8L2, and it was studied further. All nanoparticles were characterised by UV-vis spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Also, their size distribution was analysed, which was in the range of 4 to 34 nm. The biocidal capacity of the nanoparticles for a group of bacteria and fungi was studied, presenting very low values in the range of 2.5-10 µg/mL for bacteria and 4-256 µg/mL for fungi. The interactions between the nanoparticles synthesised by Penicillium sp. 8L2 and a group of specific antibiotics for the tested microorganisms were also studied, proving that there was a synergistic interaction with vancomycin and ciprofloxacin and Staphylococcus epidermidis CECT 4183 and Escherichia coli CECT 101 bacteria, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Muñoz
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Francisco Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Encarnación Ruiz
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Manuel Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Earth Sciences, Energy and Environment (CEACTEMA), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071, Jaén, Spain
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23
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Sharifi F, Mohamadi N, Afgar A, Oliaee RT. Anti-leishmanial, immunomodulatory and additive potential effect of Piperine on Leishmania major: The in silico and in vitro study of Piperine and its combination. Exp Parasitol 2023; 254:108607. [PMID: 37666407 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piperine (Pn), an indole alkaloid compound found in pepper, is an effective compound with anti-leishmanial medications that administered alone or in combination. This study aimed to use Pn for possible biochemical targets and to assess mechanisms of anti-leishmanial action and immunomodulatory roles. METHODS The ability of Pn to bind to interleukin-12P40 (IL-12P40) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was investigated using molecular docking. The leishmanicidal effect of Pn, meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime®; MA), and Pn plus MA was assessed on Leishmania major promastigotes and amastigotes. A real-time PCR was applied to quantify cytokines gene expression in drug-treated murine macrophages. RESULTS The molecular docking findings indicated that Pn could bind to IL-12P40/IFN-γ. In silico analyses showed an affinity of Pn to IL-12P40/IFN-γ, with the MolDock score of -236.91 and -64.87 kcal/mol, respectively. Pn plus MA reduced the proliferation rate of promastigote and amastigote forms of L. major compared to each drug alone (IC50 = 43.22 and 19.41 μg/mL, respectively). Moreover, the combination drug demonstrated no cytotoxicity as the selectivity index (SI) was 14.81. Also, Th1-related cytokines were upregulated, while Th2-related cytokines were downregulated in Pn combination-treated murine macrophages. CONCLUSIONS The superior effectiveness of combination therapy on L. major warrants further investigations on the clinical potential of this combination in the treatment of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Neda Mohamadi
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ali Afgar
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Razieh Tavakoli Oliaee
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Ayres L, Benavidez T, Varillas A, Linton J, Whitehead DC, Garcia CD. Predicting Antioxidant Synergism via Artificial Intelligence and Benchtop Data. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15644-15655. [PMID: 37796649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid oxidation is a major issue affecting products containing unsaturated fatty acids as ingredients or components, leading to the formation of low molecular weight species with diverse functional groups that impart off-odors and off-flavors. Aiming to control this process, antioxidants are commonly added to these products, often deployed as combinations of two or more compounds, a strategy that allows for lowering the amount used while boosting the total antioxidant capacity of the formulation. While this approach allows for minimizing the potential organoleptic and toxic effects of these compounds, predicting how these mixtures of antioxidants will behave has traditionally been one of the most challenging tasks, often leading to simple additive, antagonistic, or synergistic effects. Approaches to understanding these interactions have been predominantly empirically driven but thus far, inefficient and unable to account for the complexity and multifaceted nature of antioxidant responses. To address this current gap in knowledge, we describe the use of an artificial intelligence model based on deep learning architecture to predict the type of interaction (synergistic, additive, and antagonistic) of antioxidant combinations. Here, each mixture was associated with a combination index value (CI) and used as input for our model, which was challenged against a test (n = 140) data set. Despite the encouraging preliminary results, this algorithm failed to provide accurate predictions of oxidation experiments performed in-house using binary mixtures of phenolic antioxidants and a lard sample. To overcome this problem, the AI algorithm was then enhanced with various amounts of experimental data (antioxidant power data assessed by the TBARS assay), demonstrating the importance of having chemically relevant experimental data to enhance the model's performance and provide suitable predictions with statistical relevance. We believe the proposed method could be used as an auxiliary tool in benchmark analysis routines, offering a novel strategy to enable broader and more rational predictions related to the behavior of antioxidant mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Tomás Benavidez
- INFIQC-CONICET, Department of Physical Chemistry, National University of Córdoba, Cordoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Armelle Varillas
- South Carolina Governor's School for Science and Mathematics, Hartsville, South Carolina 29550, United States
| | - Jeb Linton
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Daniel C Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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Penninckx S, Martinive P, Mirjolet C. Radiation-activated nanoparticles: Which combination to optimize radiosensitization? Cancer Radiother 2023; 27:494-498. [PMID: 37544778 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of various cancers. With the ongoing technological advancements in radiotherapy equipment, allowing for increasingly precise targeting of tumours, there are numerous strategies being explored to enhance its effectiveness by combining it with other therapies. Among these, metal nanoparticles seem to have a promising future driven by their ability to locally amplify the dose deposited by ionizing radiation, and to radiosensitize cells by modifying their oxidative status. Recent advancements in understanding the mechanisms of action of these nanoparticles have provided valuable insights for the development of new therapeutic combinations. Among these, the combination with immunotherapies would make it possible to benefit both from the amplified local effect of radiotherapy by nanoparticles and to induce a better antitumour immune response. In this article, we review shortly the existing literature on ongoing combinations and suggest potential novel therapies associated with the combination of radiotherapy and nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Penninckx
- Medical Physics Department, institut Jules-Bordet, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; Radiotherapy Department, institut Jules-Bordet, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - P Martinive
- Radiotherapy Department, institut Jules-Bordet, Université libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Mirjolet
- Radiation Oncology Department, Preclinical Radiation Therapy and Radiobiology Unit, centre Georges-François-Leclerc, Unicancer, Dijon, France; TiReCs team, Inserm UMR 1231, Dijon, France
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26
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Zapata-Zapata C, Rojas-López M, García LT, Quintero W, Terrón MC, Luque D, Mesa-Arango AC. Lippia origanoides Essential Oil or Thymol in Combination with Fluconazole Produces Damage to Cells and Reverses the Azole-Resistant Phenotype of a Candida tropicalis Strain. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:888. [PMID: 37754996 PMCID: PMC10532872 DOI: 10.3390/jof9090888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida tropicalis is one of the most pathogenic species within the genus. Increased antifungal resistance has been reported, which is in part due to the organism's ability to form biofilms. In natural products derived from plants, such as essential oils (EOs) or their major components, there is significant potential to develop new antifungals or to both enhance the efficacy and reduce the toxicity of conventional antifungals. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combining an EO of Lippia origanoides or thymol with fluconazole on an azole-resistant C. tropicalis strain. Synergism was observed in the combination of fluconazole with the EO and with thymol, and minimal inhibitory concentrations for fluconazole decreased at least 32-fold. As a consequence of the synergistic interactions, mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced, and mitochondrial superoxide production increased. Alteration in nuclear morphology, cell surface, and ultrastructure was also observed. In conclusion, the synergistic interaction between L. origanoides EO or thymol with fluconazole reverted the azole-resistant C. tropicalis phenotype. These findings suggest that L. origanoides EO or thymol alone, or in combination with fluconazole, have the potential for development as antifungal therapies for this yeast, including resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Zapata-Zapata
- Academic Group of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia;
| | - Mauricio Rojas-López
- Group of Cellular Immunology and Immunogenetics (GICIG), Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia;
- Flow Cytometry Unit, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Liliana T. García
- Postgraduate Department of Infectious Disease, University of Santander, Bucaramanga 680006, Colombia; (L.T.G.); (W.Q.)
| | - Wendy Quintero
- Postgraduate Department of Infectious Disease, University of Santander, Bucaramanga 680006, Colombia; (L.T.G.); (W.Q.)
| | - María C. Terrón
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Scientific-Technical Central Units, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.T.); (D.L.)
| | - Daniel Luque
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Scientific-Technical Central Units, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.T.); (D.L.)
| | - Ana C. Mesa-Arango
- Academic Group of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia;
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Park J, Kim LH, Lee JM, Choi S, Son YJ, Hwang HJ, Shin SJ. In vitro and intracellular activities of novel thiopeptide derivatives against macrolide-susceptible and macrolide-resistant Mycobacterium avium complex. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0182523. [PMID: 37594284 PMCID: PMC10580953 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01825-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Unsatisfactory outcomes following long-term multidrug treatment in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary disease have urged us to develop novel antibiotics. Thiopeptides, a class of peptide antibiotics derived from natural products, have potential as drug candidates that target bacterial ribosomes, but drug development has been hampered due to their extremely poor solubility. Here, we evaluated three new compounds (AJ-037, AJ-039, and AJ-206) derived from the thiopeptide micrococcin P2 with enhanced aqueous solubility; the derivatives were generated based on structure-activity relationship analysis. We conducted in vitro drug susceptibility and intracellular antimycobacterial activity testing of the three thiopeptide derivatives against various MAC strains, including macrolide-resistant MAC clinical isolates. These compounds showed low MICs against MAC, similar to that of clarithromycin (CLR). In particular, two compounds, AJ-037 and AJ-206, had intracellular antimycobacterial activities, along with synergistic effects with CLR, and inhibited the growth of MAC inside macrophages. Moreover, these two compounds showed in vitro and intracellular anti-MAC activities against macrolide-resistant MAC strains without showing cross-resistance with CLR. Taken together, the results of the current study suggest that AJ-037 and AJ-206 can be promising anti-MAC agents for the treatment of MAC infection, including for macrolide-resistant MAC strains. IMPORTANCE Novel antibiotics for the treatment of MAC infection are urgently needed because the treatment outcomes using the standard regimen for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary disease remain unsatisfactory. Here, we evaluated three novel thiopeptide derivatives (AJ-037, AJ-039, and AJ-206) derived from the thiopeptide micrococcin P2, and they were confirmed to be effective against macrolide-susceptible and macrolide-resistant MAC. Our thiopeptide derivatives have enhanced aqueous solubility through structural modifications of poorly soluble thiopeptides. The thiopeptide derivatives showed minimal inhibitory concentrations against MAC that were comparable to clarithromycin (CLR). Notably, two compounds, AJ-037 and AJ-206, exhibited intracellular antimycobacterial activities and acted synergistically with CLR to hinder the growth of MAC within macrophages. Additionally, these compounds demonstrated in vitro and intracellular anti-MAC activities against macrolide-resistant MAC strains without showing any cross-resistance with CLR. We believe that AJ-037 and AJ-206 can be promising anti-MAC agents for the treatment of MAC infections, including macrolide-resistant MAC strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Lee-Han Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Mi Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangwon Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Sung Jae Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Disease, Brain Korea 21 Project for Graduate School of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sinelius S, Lady J, Yunardy M, Tjoa E, Nurcahyanti ADR. Antibacterial activity of Lagerstreomia speciosa and its active compound, corosolic acid, enhances cefotaxime inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad171. [PMID: 37541956 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Various epidemiology studies have reported the emergence of Staphylococcus aureus and its methicillin resistance strain causing global health concerns, especially during and post-COVID-19 pandemic. This pathogen presents as a co-infection in patients with COVID-19. In addition, certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, including cefotaxime, have been identified. We aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of Lagerstreomia speciosa, a medicinal plant with antidiabetic activity, against S. aureus, including the strain resistant to methicillin. Furthermore, we examined whether the extract and one of its bioactive compounds, corosolic acid, can enhance the therapeutic effect of cefotaxime on antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. METHODS AND RESULTS The minimum inhibitory concentration of each substance was determined using the standard broth microdilution test following the checkerboard dilution. The type of interactions, synergistic, additivity, indifference, or antagonism, were determined using isobolograms analysis and the dose reduction index (DRI). The evaluation of synergy and bactericidal activity of the natural products in combination with cefotaxime was performed using the time-kill kinetic assay. Corosolic acid, L. speciosa leaves extract, and bark extract alone showed antibacterial activity against all tested S. aureus ATCC 33591, S. aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus ATCC 25923, and clinical isolated S. aureus. Corosolic acid enhanced the antibacterial activity of cefotaxime, showing a synergistic effect and greater DRI of cefotaxime against all tested S. aureus strains. Time-kill kinetic assay showed that corosolic acid has a more profound effect than L. speciosa extracts to potentiate the bactericidal activity of cefotaxime. Whereas L. speciosa leaves and bark extract showed some inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus after a single administration. CONCLUSIONS Lagerstreomia speciosa leaves and bark extract and its active compound, corosolic acid, could be used as a potential anti-Staphylococcus aureus treatment to enhance the therapeutic use of cefotaxime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Sinelius
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | - Jullietta Lady
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | - Michellina Yunardy
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | - Enty Tjoa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
| | - Agustina D R Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta 14440, Indonesia
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Lyu S, Deng Q, Lin W, Wu X. Randomized controlled trial for anesthesia during gastroscopy: interactions between remimazolam and propofol in combination with sufentanil. Int J Clin Pharm 2023; 45:857-863. [PMID: 37055659 PMCID: PMC10366255 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-023-01568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remimazolam is a new short-duration anesthetic currently used for gastroscopy and can be mixed with propofol and potent opioids. AIM The study aimed to investigate the synergistic interaction between remimazolam and propofol after sufentanil administration and to determine the appropriate dose ratios between remimazolam and propofol. METHOD This study used a randomized controlled design. Patients scheduled for gastrointestinal endoscopy were included and randomized into five groups. The randomized block design was applied at a randomization ratio of 1:1. Patients in each group received sufentanil (0.1 μg/kg) and the calculated doses of remimazolam and propofol. Using the up and down method, the median effective dose (ED50) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined based on whether the eyelash reflex disappeared in each treatment group. Isobolographic analysis was used to analyze the presence of drug interactions. The interaction coefficient and the dose ratio between remimazolam and propofol were calculated by algebraic analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using interval estimates and 95% CI for statistical attributes. RESULTS Cross-sectional analysis of the isobologram showed a clinically significant synergistic effect between remimazolam and propofol. When 0.016, 0.032, and 0.047 mg/kg of remimazolam were combined with 0.477, 0.221, and 0.131 mg/kg of propofol, the interaction coefficients were 1.04, 1.21, and 1.06, respectively. The dose ratio of remimazolam to propofol was approximately 1:7. CONCLUSION Remimazolam and propofol have synergistic clinical effects. A strong synergistic effect was observed when the remimazolam and propofol dose ratio was 1:7 (mg/kg). CLINICAL TRIAL The study protocol was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100052425).
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Lyu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Qingchung Deng
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Weixin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaofang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Karademir D, Özgür A. The effects of STA-9090 (Ganetespib) and venetoclax (ABT-199) combination on apoptotic pathways in human cervical cancer cells. Med Oncol 2023; 40:234. [PMID: 37432531 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Combined chemotherapy is recommended strategy as a first-line treatment method in patients with cervical cancer. Ganetespib (STA-9090) is a second-generation heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor that blocks the ATPase function of Hsp90 and inhibits the proper folding of oncogenic client proteins. Venetoclax (ABT-199) is an orally bioavailable Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) inhibitor that stimulates apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells. This study evaluated the anticancer effects of STA-9090 combined with Venetoclax in the human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). The human cervical cancer cells were treated with STA-9090, Venetoclax, and Sta-9090 plus Venetoclax for 48 h, and cell viability was measured using the XTT assay. The alteration of the Hsp90 protein expression level and the chaperone activity of HSP90 were detected by ELISA and luciferase aggregation assay, respectively. For the apoptotic process, qRT-PCR was applied to study Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-like protein 1 (Bcl-xL ), Cytochrome c (Cyt-c), Caspase3 (Cas-3), and Caspase7 (Cas-7) expression levels after drug treatments. Also, a colorimetric Cas-3 activity assay was performed to detect the induction of the apoptosis process. Our results demonstrated that 8 nM of STA-9090 combined with 4 µM of Venetoclax synergistically inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation more than STA-9090 or Venetoclax alone after 48 h of treatment. STA-9090 and Venetoclax combination decreased the protein expression level of Hsp90 and significantly inhibited chaperone activity of Hsp90. This combination stimulated apoptosis in cervical cancer cells by down-regulating of anti-apoptotic markers while inducing pro-apoptotic markers. Also, the STA-9090-Venetoclax combination increased Cas-3 activity in Hela cells. Collectively, these findings pointed out that the STA-9090-Venetoclax combination exhibited more activity than the individual drugs to stimulate toxicity and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells based on HSP90 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilay Karademir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Aykut Özgür
- Artova Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
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31
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Avcı CB, Sogutlu F, Pinar Ozates N, Shademan B, Gunduz C. Enhanced Anti-cancer Potency Using a Combination of Oleanolic Acid and Maslinic Acid to Control Treatment Resistance in Breast Cancer. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:611-620. [PMID: 37646060 PMCID: PMC10460813 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/ mTOR) pathway is a complex intracellular metabolic pathway that leads to cell growth and tumor proliferation and plays a key role in drug resistance in breast cancer. Therefore, the anti-cancer effects of oleanolic acid (OA), maslinic acid (MA), and their combination were investigated to improve the performance of the treatment strategy. Methods We investigated the effect of OA and MA on cell viability using the WST-1 method. The synergistic effect of the combination was analyzed by isobologram analysis. In addition, the effects of the two compounds, individually and in combination, on apoptosis, autophagy, and the cell cycle were investigated in MCF7 cells. In addition, changes in the expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle and metabolism were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Results MA, OA, and a combination of both caused G0/G1 arrest. Apoptosis also increased in all treated groups. The autophagosomal LC3-II formation was induced 1.74-fold in the MA-treated group and 3.25-fold in the MA-OA-treated group. The combination treatment resulted in increased expression of genes such as GSK3B, PTEN, CDKN1B and FOXO3 and decreased expression of IGF1, PRKCB and AKT3 genes. Conclusion The results showed that the combination of these two substances showed the highest synergistic effect at the lowest dose and using MA-OA caused cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. The use of combination drugs may reduce the resistance of cancer cells to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigir Biray Avcı
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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32
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Nurcahyanti ADR, Lady J, Wink M. Fucoxanthin Potentiates the Bactericidal Activity of Cefotaxime Against Staphylococcus aureus. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:260. [PMID: 37365295 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Staphylococcus aureus against commonly used antibiotics is a major global health issue. To prevent the emergence of AMR and maintain the desired therapeutic effect, the use of drug combinations in the therapeutic management of infections can be contemplated. This approach allows for the administration of lower antibiotic dosages without compromising the desired therapeutic outcome. Despite the documented antimicrobial activity of fucoxanthin, a widely recognized marine carotenoid, there are a lack of previous reports exploring its potential to enhance the therapeutic effect of antibiotics. The current study aimed to investigate whether fucoxanthin can inhibit S. aureus including the strains resistant to methicillin and to investigate whether fucoxanthin can enhance the therapeutic effect of cefotaxime, a widely prescribed 3rd-generation cephalosporin β-lactam antibiotic known to exhibit resistance in certain cases. Synergism or additive interactions were determined using checkerboard dilution and isobologram analysis, while bactericidal activity was carried out using the time-kill kinetic assay. It is important to highlight that a synergistic bactericidal effect was observed in all strains of S. aureus when fucoxanthin was combined with cefotaxime at a specific concentration ratio. These findings suggest that fucoxanthin holds promise in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of cefotaxime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina D R Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia.
| | - Jullietta Lady
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 329, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Lady J, Nurcahyanti ADR, Tjoa E. Synergistic Effect and Time-Kill Evaluation of Eugenol Combined with Cefotaxime Against Staphylococcus aureus. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:244. [PMID: 37310571 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Eugenol, a clove-derived aromatic compound has shown antibacterial activity against many species, including Staphylococcus aureus. Epidemiology studies from the past two decades reported an increased number of healthcare-associated and skin tissue infections due to S. aureus antimicrobial resistance (AMR) including several cases of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, such as cefotaxime. We aimed to investigate whether eugenol can cause lethality of S. aureus including the strain resistant to methicillin and the wild strain isolated from a hospital patient. Moreover, we asked whether eugenol could enhance the therapeutic effect of cefotaxime, one of the most prescribed 3rd generation cephalosporin β-lactam antibiotics, of which S. aureus resistance to this antibiotic has emerged. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each substance was determined using the standard broth microdilution test following the combination experiment performed using checkerboard dilution. The type of interactions, including synergistic and additivity, was determined using isobologram analysis, and the dose reduction index (DRI) was calculated. The time-kill kinetic assay was performed to evaluate the dynamic bactericidal activity of eugenol alone and in combination with cefotaxime. We showed that eugenol alone is bactericidal against S. aureus ATCC 33591 and the clinical isolate. Eugenol combined with cefotaxime resulted synergistic effect against S. aureus ATCC 33591, ATCC 29213, and ATCC 25923. Eugenol may be capable to improve the therapeutic effect of cefotaxime against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jullietta Lady
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia
| | - Agustina D R Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia.
| | - Enty Tjoa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia
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Nistala S, Kumar A. Effect of toxicological interaction of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, and arsenic on soil dehydrogenase activity in the terrestrial environment. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023:10.1007/s10646-023-02666-3. [PMID: 37233842 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02666-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Soil is the most widespread area for the co-occurrence of two or more numbers of contaminants. Therefore, toxicity assessments based on contaminants mixture are urgently required to assess their combined impacts on soil enzymes. In the present study, the median effect plot and the combination index isobologram were studied to evaluate the dose-response curve for individual and interactive impacts of chlorpyrifos (Chl), cypermethrin (Cyp), and arsenic (As) on soil dehydrogenase, a potential marker of soil health. Along with these methods, a two-way ANOVA was also tested and the results showed significant changes with respect to different treatments. The results also showed that the Dm value increases in the order of As<Cyp<Chl. Another side, the m values for Cyp and As were negative, while positive for Chl. The day-dependent variation analysis revealed maximum inhibition in dehydrogenase activity on days 20 and 30 after treatment. The results also revealed that binary mixtures Chl + Cyp- and Chl + As- induced synergistic and antagonistic impacts over dehydrogenase enzyme at 0.1 fa level on different treatment days, whereas, applied binary and ternary combinations exhibited antagonistic effects at >0.25 fa level. However, Chl + Cyp unveiled a synergistic impact over soil dehydrogenase on day 30th. The overall impact of applied chemicals on dehydrogenase activity was contributed by bioavailability and the nature of toxicological interactions between them. This study would be one of the exclusive studies for the agricultural sector to predict the potential risk associated with the co-existence of these or similar contaminants in the terrestrial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Nistala
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, 492 010, India.
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, 492 010, India
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He W, Demas DM, Shajahan-Haq AN, Baumann WT. Modeling breast cancer proliferation, drug synergies, and alternating therapies. iScience 2023; 26:106714. [PMID: 37234088 PMCID: PMC10206440 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer is responsive to a number of targeted therapies used clinically. Unfortunately, the continuous application of targeted therapy often results in resistance, driving the consideration of combination and alternating therapies. Toward this end, we developed a mathematical model that can simulate various mono, combination, and alternating therapies for ER + breast cancer cells at different doses over long time scales. The model is used to look for optimal drug combinations and predicts a significant synergism between Cdk4/6 inhibitors in combination with the anti-estrogen fulvestrant, which may help explain the clinical success of adding Cdk4/6 inhibitors to anti-estrogen therapy. Furthermore, the model is used to optimize an alternating treatment protocol so it works as well as monotherapy while using less total drug dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Program in Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Computational Biology, VT BIOTRANS, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Diane M. Demas
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Ayesha N. Shajahan-Haq
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - William T. Baumann
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Wróblewska-Łuczka P, Góralczyk A, Łuszczki JJ. Synergy, Additivity and Antagonism between Esculetin and Six Commonly Used Chemotherapeutics in Various Malignant Melanoma Cell Lines-An Isobolographic Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093889. [PMID: 37175299 PMCID: PMC10180450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Malignant melanomas are dangerous skin cancers, and the treatment of melanomas with various cytostatic drugs often causes side effects and after their prolonged use resistance to these drugs appears. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of esculetin (a simple coumarin) and to assess pharmacodynamic interactions between esculetin and six commonly used cytostatic drugs (cisplatin, epirubicin, docetaxel, paclitaxel, mitoxantrone and vemurafenib) using an isobolographic analysis. (2) The experiments were carried out on four human malignant melanoma cell lines (FM55P, A375, FM55M2 and SK-MEL28). The effects of esculetin on viability, cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were verified in the range of concentrations of 2-200 μM. (3) Esculetin inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, malignant melanoma cell viability and proliferation. The IC50 for esculetin ranged from 18.20 ± 2.93 to 120.64 ± 30.39 μM depending on the melanoma cell lines used. The combinations of esculetin with epirubicin and vemurafenib showed antagonistic interactions, the combinations of esculetin with cisplatin, docetaxel and paclitaxel showed additive interactions. For the combinations of esculetin with mitoxantrone, the isobolographic analysis displayed synergy. (4) In the treatment of malignant melanoma, esculetin should not be combined with epirubicin or vemurafenib, due to the reduction of their anticancer effects, while the synergistic interactions (esculetin + mitoxantrone) deserve a preclinical recommendation as a beneficial combination during anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Wróblewska-Łuczka
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Góralczyk
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Łuszczki
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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37
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Rapper SLD, Viljoen A, van Vuuren S. Optimizing the Antimicrobial Synergism of Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Essential Oil Combinations for Application against Respiratory Related Pathogens. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:454-463. [PMID: 36626923 DOI: 10.1055/a-1947-5680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial research into the use of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil has demonstrated broad-spectrum activity; however, much of the research published focuses on identifying the potential of this essential oil individually, rather than in combination for an enhanced antimicrobial effect. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of four essential oil combinations, all inclusive of M. alternifolia, against nine pathogens associated with the respiratory tract. The minimum inhibitory concentration assay was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of four essential oil combinations, M. alternifolia in combination with Cupressus sempervirens, Origanum majorana, Myrtus communis, and Origanum vulgare essential oils. The interactions between essential oil combinations were analyzed using isobolograms and SynergyFinder 2.0 software to visualize the synergistic potential at varied ratios. The antimicrobial activity of the different combinations of essential oils all demonstrated the ability to produce an enhanced antimicrobial effect compared to the essential oils when investigated independently. The findings of this study determined that isobolograms provide a more in-depth analysis of an essential oil combination interaction; however, the value of that interaction should be further quantified using computational modelling such as SynergyFinder. This study further supports the need for more studies where varied ratios of essential oils are investigated for antimicrobial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Leigh-de Rapper
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alvaro Viljoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
- SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sandy van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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38
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Dhanda G, Acharya Y, Haldar J. Antibiotic Adjuvants: A Versatile Approach to Combat Antibiotic Resistance. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:10757-10783. [PMID: 37008128 PMCID: PMC10061514 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The problem of antibiotic resistance is on the rise, with multidrug-resistant strains emerging even to the last resort antibiotics. The drug discovery process is often stalled by stringent cut-offs required for effective drug design. In such a scenario, it is prudent to delve into the varying mechanisms of resistance to existing antibiotics and target them to improve antibiotic efficacy. Nonantibiotic compounds called antibiotic adjuvants which target bacterial resistance can be used in combination with obsolete drugs for an improved therapeutic regime. The field of "antibiotic adjuvants" has gained significant traction in recent years where mechanisms other than β-lactamase inhibition have been explored. This review discusses the multitude of acquired and inherent resistance mechanisms employed by bacteria to resist antibiotic action. The major focus of this review is how to target these resistance mechanisms by the use of antibiotic adjuvants. Different types of direct acting and indirect resistance breakers are discussed including enzyme inhibitors, efflux pump inhibitors, inhibitors of teichoic acid synthesis, and other cellular processes. The multifaceted class of membrane-targeting compounds with poly pharmacological effects and the potential of host immune-modulating compounds have also been reviewed. We conclude with providing insights about the existing challenges preventing clinical translation of different classes of adjuvants, especially membrane-perturbing compounds, and a framework about the possible directions which can be pursued to fill this gap. Antibiotic-adjuvant combinatorial therapy indeed has immense potential to be used as an upcoming orthogonal strategy to conventional antibiotic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetika Dhanda
- Antimicrobial
Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced
Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced
Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Yash Acharya
- Antimicrobial
Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced
Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced
Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Antimicrobial
Research Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced
Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced
Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
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39
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Huang WZ, Liu TM, Liu ST, Chen SY, Huang SM, Chen GS. Oxidative Status Determines the Cytotoxicity of Ascorbic Acid in Human Oral Normal and Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054851. [PMID: 36902281 PMCID: PMC10002971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can arise anywhere in the oral cavity. OSCC's molecular pathogenesis is complex, resulting from a wide range of events that involve the interplay between genetic mutations and altered levels of transcripts, proteins, and metabolites. Platinum-based drugs are the first-line treatment for OSCC; however, severe side-effects and resistance are challenging issues. Thus, there is an urgent clinical need to develop novel and/or combinatory therapeutics. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of pharmacological concentrations of ascorbate on two human oral cell lines, the oral epidermoid carcinoma meng-1 (OECM-1) cell and the Smulow-Glickman (SG) human normal gingival epithelial cell. Our study examined the potential functional impact of pharmacological concentrations of ascorbates on the cell-cycle profiles, mitochondrial-membrane potential, oxidative response, the synergistic effect of cisplatin, and the differential responsiveness between OECM-1 and SG cells. Two forms of ascorbate, free and sodium forms, were applied to examine the cytotoxic effect and it was found that both forms had a similar higher sensitivity to OECM-1 cells than to SG cells. In addition, our study data suggest that the determinant factor of cell density is important for ascorbate-induced cytotoxicity in OECM-1 and SG cells. Our findings further revealed that the cytotoxic effect might be mediated through the induction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the reduction in cytosolic ROS generation. The combination index supported the agonistic effect between sodium ascorbate and cisplatin in OECM-1 cells, but not in SG cells. In summary, our current findings provide supporting evidence for ascorbate to serve as a sensitizer for platinum-based treatment of OSCC. Hence, our work provides not only repurposing of the drug, ascorbate, but also an opportunity to decrease the side-effects of, and risk of resistance to, platinum-based treatment for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhi Huang
- School of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Division of Orthodontics, Pediatric Dentistry and Pediatric for Special Need, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Yu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
| | - Gunng-Shinng Chen
- School of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Division of Orthodontics, Pediatric Dentistry and Pediatric for Special Need, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or
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Babaei M, Evers TMJ, Shokri F, Altucci L, de Lange ECM, Mashaghi A. Biochemical reaction network topology defines dose-dependent Drug-Drug interactions. Comput Biol Med 2023; 155:106584. [PMID: 36805215 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Drug combination therapy is a promising strategy to enhance the desired therapeutic effect, while reducing side effects. High-throughput pairwise drug combination screening is a commonly used method for discovering favorable drug interactions, but is time-consuming and costly. Here, we investigate the use of reaction network topology-guided design of combination therapy as a predictive in silico drug-drug interaction screening approach. We focused on three-node enzymatic networks, with general Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The results revealed that drug-drug interactions critically depend on the choice of target arrangement in a given topology, the nature of the drug, and the desired level of change in the network output. The results showed a negative correlation between antagonistic interactions and the dosage of drugs. Overall, the negative feedback loops showed the highest synergistic interactions (the lowest average combination index) and, intriguingly, required the highest drug doses compared to other topologies under the same condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrad Babaei
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy Division, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, the Netherlands; Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy.
| | - Tom M J Evers
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy Division, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, the Netherlands.
| | - Fereshteh Shokri
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, the Netherlands.
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy; BIOGEM, Molecular Biology and Genetics Research Institute, Ariano Irpino, Italy.
| | - Elizabeth C M de Lange
- Predictive Pharmacology, Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy Division, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, the Netherlands.
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy Division, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, the Netherlands.
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Patterson SC, Pomeroy AE, Palmer AC. Ultrasensitive response explains the benefit of combination chemotherapy despite drug antagonism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.27.530263. [PMID: 36909518 PMCID: PMC10002679 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.530263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Most aggressive lymphomas are treated with combination chemotherapy, commonly as multiple cycles of concurrent drug administration. Concurrent administration is in theory optimal when combination therapies have synergistic (more than additive) drug interactions. We investigated pharmacodynamic interactions in the standard 4-drug 'CHOP' regimen in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma (PTCL) cell lines, and found that CHOP consistently exhibits antagonism and not synergy. We tested whether staggered treatment schedules could improve tumor cell kill by avoiding antagonism, using month-long in vitro models of concurrent or staggered treatments. Surprisingly, we observed that tumor cell kill is maximized by concurrent drug administration despite antagonistic drug-drug interactions. We propose that an ultrasensitive dose response, as described in radiology by the linear-quadratic (LQ) model, can reconcile these seemingly contradictory experimental observations. The LQ model describes the relationship between cell survival and dose, and in radiology has identified scenarios favoring hypofractionated radiation - the administration of fewer large doses rather than multiple smaller doses. Specifically, hypofractionated treatment can be favored when cells require an accumulation of DNA damage, rather than a 'single hit', in order to die. By adapting the LQ model to combination chemotherapy and accounting for tumor heterogeneity, we find that tumor cell kill is maximized by concurrent administration of multiple drugs, even when chemotherapies have antagonistic interactions. Thus, our study identifies a new mechanism by which combination chemotherapy can be clinically beneficial that is not reliant on positive drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Patterson
- Department of Pharmacology, Computational Medicine Program, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amy E. Pomeroy
- Department of Pharmacology, Computational Medicine Program, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adam C. Palmer
- Department of Pharmacology, Computational Medicine Program, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Sousa M, Afonso AC, Teixeira LS, Borges A, Saavedra MJ, Simões LC, Simões M. Hydrocinnamic Acid and Perillyl Alcohol Potentiate the Action of Antibiotics against Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020360. [PMID: 36830271 PMCID: PMC9952493 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of bacterial infections has been troubled by the increased resistance to antibiotics, instigating the search for new antimicrobial therapies. Phytochemicals have demonstrated broad-spectrum and effective antibacterial effects as well as antibiotic resistance-modifying activity. In this study, perillyl alcohol and hydrocinnamic acid were characterized for their antimicrobial action against Escherichia coli. Furthermore, dual and triple combinations of these molecules with the antibiotics chloramphenicol and amoxicillin were investigated for the first time. Perillyl alcohol had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 256 µg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 512 µg/mL. Hydrocinnamic acid had a MIC of 2048 µg/mL and an MBC > 2048 µg/mL. Checkerboard and time-kill assays demonstrated synergism or additive effects for the dual combinations chloramphenicol/perillyl alcohol, chloramphenicol/hydrocinnamic acid, and amoxicillin/hydrocinnamic acid at low concentrations of both molecules. Combenefit analysis showed synergism for various concentrations of amoxicillin with each phytochemical. Combinations of chloramphenicol with perillyl alcohol and hydrocinnamic acid revealed synergism mainly at low concentrations of antibiotics (up to 2 μg/mL of chloramphenicol with perillyl alcohol; 0.5 μg/mL of chloramphenicol with hydrocinnamic acid). The results highlight the potential of combinatorial therapies for microbial growth control, where phytochemicals can play an important role as potentiators or resistance-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sousa
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Afonso
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- CEB, LABBELS—Centre of Biological Engineering, Associate Laboratory on Biotechnology and Bioengineering, and Electromechanical Systems, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lília Soares Teixeira
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela Borges
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Saavedra
- CITAB—Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Chaves Simões
- CEB, LABBELS—Centre of Biological Engineering, Associate Laboratory on Biotechnology and Bioengineering, and Electromechanical Systems, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Jones AJ, Federspiel JJ, Eke AC. Preventing postpartum hemorrhage with combined therapy rather than oxytocin alone. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023; 5:100731. [PMID: 36028160 PMCID: PMC9941051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with uterine atony estimated to account for 70% to 80% of cases, thereby remaining the single most common cause. Pharmacotherapy remains the first-line preventative therapy for postpartum hemorrhage. These therapies may be single (oxytocin, carbetocin, methylergonovine, ergometrine, misoprostol, prostaglandin analogs, or tranexamic acid) or combination therapies, acting in an additive, infra-additive, or synergistic fashion to prevent postpartum hemorrhage. Evidence is strong for the use of oxytocin, the first-line uterotonic agent in the United States for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Although carbetocin, a long-acting analog of oxytocin, is not yet available for use in the United States, it is likely the most effective single pharmacologic therapy for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage and need for additional uterotonics. Use of second-line uterotonics such as methylergonovine, misoprostol, and carboprost in combination with oxytocin has an additive or synergistic effect and a greater risk reduction for postpartum hemorrhage prevention compared with oxytocin alone. Therefore, combined therapy rather than oxytocin alone should be advised for preventing postpartum hemorrhage. Tranexamic acid has been found to be both effective and safe for decreasing maternal mortality in women with postpartum hemorrhage, and prophylactic use of tranexamic acid may decrease the need for packed red blood cell transfusions and/or uterotonics. The WOMAN-2 Trial, designed to assess if tranexamic acid prevents postpartum hemorrhage in women with moderate to severe anemia undergoing vaginal delivery, is currently recruiting participants. The additive, infra-additive, or synergistic action of oxytocin in combination with other second-line therapies deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Jones
- Johns Hopkins Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jerome J. Federspiel
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Ahizechukwu C. Eke
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Systematic review on combination pharmacotherapy: methodological rigor but no pharmacology. Pain 2023; 164:221-222. [PMID: 36638304 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Pearson RA, Wicha SG, Okour M. Drug Combination Modeling: Methods and Applications in Drug Development. J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 63:151-165. [PMID: 36088583 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Combination therapies have become increasingly researched and used in the treatment and management of complex diseases due to their ability to increase the chances for better efficacy and decreased toxicity. To evaluate drug combinations in drug development, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between drugs in combination can be quantified using mathematical models; however, it can be difficult to deduce which models to use and how to use them to aid in clinical trial simulations to simulate the effect of a drug combination. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the various methods used to evaluate combination drug interaction for use in clinical trial development and a practical guideline on how combination modeling can be used in the settings of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A Pearson
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sebastian G Wicha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malek Okour
- Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation (CPMS), GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Pennsylvania, USA
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Synergistic Inhibiting Effect of Phytochemicals in Rheum palmatum on Tyrosinase Based on Metabolomics and Isobologram Analyses. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030944. [PMID: 36770612 PMCID: PMC9919157 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase (TYR) plays a key role in the enzymatic reaction that is responsible for a range of unwanted discoloration effects, such as food browning and skin hyperpigmentation. TYR inhibitors could, therefore, be candidates for skin care products that aim to repair pigmentation problems. In this study, we used a metabolomics approach combined with the isobologram analysis to identify anti-TYR compounds within natural resources, and evaluate their possible synergism with each other. Rheum palmatum was determined to be a model plant for observing the effect, of which seven extracts with diverse phytochemicals were prepared by way of pressurized solvent extraction. Each Rheum palmatum extract (RPE) was profiled using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its activity of tyrosinase inhibition was evaluated. According to the orthogonal partial least square analysis used to correlate phytochemicals in RPE with the corresponding activity, the goodness of fit of the model (R2 = 0.838) and its predictive ability (Q2 = 0.711) were high. Gallic acid and catechin were identified as the active compounds most relevant to the anti-TYR effect of RPE. Subsequently, the activity of gallic acid and catechin were evaluated individually, and when combined in various ratios by using isobologram analysis. The results showed that gallic acid and catechin in the molar ratios of 9:5 and 9:1 exhibited a synergistic inhibition on TYR, with a combination index lower than 0.77, suggesting that certain combinations of these compounds may prove effective for use in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries.
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Sodium Butyrate Induces CRC Cell Ferroptosis via the CD44/SLC7A11 Pathway and Exhibits a Synergistic Therapeutic Effect with Erastin. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020423. [PMID: 36672372 PMCID: PMC9856855 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies, and effective treatment and prevention methods are lacking. Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a short-chain fatty acid produced by intestinal microbial fermentation of dietary fiber. It has been shown to be effective in inhibiting CRC, but the mechanism is not known. METHODS Human normal intestinal epithelial cell line FHT and colorectal tumor cell line HCT-116 were treated with NaB alone or in combination with different programmed cell death inhibitors. Cell activity was then assessed with MTT assays and PI staining; ferroptosis with Fe2+, glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation assays; signaling pathway screening with PCR arrays; and CD44, SCL7A11, and GPX4 expression with Western blotting. A CD44-overexpressing HCT-116 cell line was constructed to determine the effect of the overexpression of CD44 on NaB-induced ferroptosis. The synergistic effect of co-treatment with NaB and Erastin was assessed by isobolographic analysis. RESULTS NaB induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in HCT-116 cells but only induced low-level apoptosis in FHC cells. Moreover, NaB significantly increased intracellular Fe2+ and promoted GSH depletion and lipid peroxidation in HCT-116 cells. Ferroptosis-related qPCR array analysis identified CD44/SLC7A11 as a potential effector molecular of NaB-induced ferroptosis. NaB significantly inhibited the expression of CD44 and SLC7A11 in mouse CRC tissues. A CD44 overexpressed HCT-116 cell line was used to verify that CD44/SLC7A11 was a key signaling pathway that NaB-induced GSH depletion, lipid peroxidation accumulation, and ferroptosis in HCT-116 cells. Examination of whether NaB can increase the effect of ferroptosis agents showed that NaB, in combination with Erastin, a ferroptosis inducer, further promoted HCT-116 cell death and increased changes of ferroptosis markers. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that NaB induces ferroptosis in CRC cells through the CD44/SLC7A11 signaling pathway and has synergistic effects with Erastin. These results may provide new insights into CRC prevention and the combined use of NaB and ferroptosis-inducing agents.
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Goeteyn E, Grassi L, Van den Bossche S, Rigauts C, Vande Weygaerde Y, Van Braeckel E, Maes T, Bracke KR, Crabbé A. Commensal bacteria of the lung microbiota synergistically inhibit inflammation in a three-dimensional epithelial cell model. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1176044. [PMID: 37168857 PMCID: PMC10164748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1176044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic lung disease suffer from persistent inflammation and are typically colonized by pro-inflammatory pathogenic bacteria. Besides these pathogens, a wide variety of commensal species is present in the lower airways but their role in inflammation is unclear. Here, we show that the lung microbiota contains several species able to inhibit activation of the pro-inflammatory NF-κB pathway and production of interleukin 8 (IL-8), triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or H2O2, in a physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) lung epithelial cell model. We demonstrate that the minimal dose needed for anti-inflammatory activity differs between species (with the lowest dose needed for Rothia mucilaginosa), and depends on the type of pro-inflammatory stimulus and read out. Furthermore, we evaluated synergistic activity between pairs of anti-inflammatory bacteria on the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and IL-8 secretion. Synergistic anti-inflammatory activity was observed for 4/10 tested consortia. These findings indicate that various microbiota members can influence lung inflammation either alone or as a consortium. This information can contribute to a better understanding of the lung microbiota in chronic lung disease development and process, and could open up new avenues for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Goeteyn
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lucia Grassi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Charlotte Rigauts
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yannick Vande Weygaerde
- Cystic Fibrosis Reference Centre, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Van Braeckel
- Cystic Fibrosis Reference Centre, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Lung Research Lab, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tania Maes
- Lung Research Lab, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ken R. Bracke
- Lung Research Lab, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Crabbé
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Aurélie Crabbé,
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Kampoun T, Koonyosying P, Ruangsuriya J, Prommana P, Shaw PJ, Kamchonwongpaisan S, Suwito H, Puspaningsih NNT, Uthaipibull C, Srichairatanakool S. Antagonistic antimalarial properties of a methoxyamino chalcone derivative and 3-hydroxypyridinones in combination with dihydroartemisinin against Plasmodium falciparum. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15187. [PMID: 37131988 PMCID: PMC10149052 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The spread of artemisinin (ART)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum threatens the control of malaria. Mutations in the propeller domains of P. falciparum Kelch13 (k13) are strongly associated with ART resistance. Ferredoxin (Fd), a component of the ferredoxin/NADP+ reductase (Fd/FNR) redox system, is essential for isoprenoid precursor synthesis in the plasmodial apicoplast, which is important for K13-dependent hemoglobin trafficking and ART activation. Therefore, Fd is an antimalarial drug target and fd mutations may modulate ART sensitivity. We hypothesized that loss of Fd/FNR function enhances the effect of k13 mutation on ART resistance. Methods In this study, methoxyamino chalcone (C3), an antimalarial compound that has been reported to inhibit the interaction of recombinant Fd and FNR proteins, was used as a chemical inhibitor of the Fd/FNR redox system. We investigated the inhibitory effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), C3, and iron chelators including deferiprone (DFP), 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one (CM1) and deferiprone-resveratrol hybrid (DFP-RVT) against wild-type (WT), k13 mutant, fd mutant, and k13 fd double mutant P. falciparum parasites. Furthermore, we investigated the pharmacological interaction of C3 with DHA, in which the iron chelators were used as reference ART antagonists. Results C3 showed antimalarial potency similar to that of the iron chelators. As expected, combining DHA with C3 or iron chelators exhibited a moderately antagonistic effect. No differences were observed among the mutant parasites with respect to their sensitivity to C3, iron chelators, or the interactions of these compounds with DHA. Discussion The data suggest that inhibitors of the Fd/FNR redox system should be avoided as ART partner drugs in ART combination therapy for treating malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyaluck Kampoun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pimpisid Koonyosying
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jetsada Ruangsuriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Parichat Prommana
- Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Philip J. Shaw
- Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan
- Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Hery Suwito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih
- Laboratory of Proteomics, University-CoE Research Center for Bio-Molecule Engineering, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Chairat Uthaipibull
- Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Thailand Center of Excellence for Life Sciences (TCELS), Bangkok, Thailand
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Tsuchido T. Synergy analysis with extended isobolography and its conceptual basis for the evaluation of antimicrobial effects of combined physical and chemical treatments. JOURNAL OF MICROORGANISM CONTROL 2023; 28:35-41. [PMID: 37277957 DOI: 10.4265/jmc.28.1_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the synergistic effects of physical and chemical antimicrobial treatments, whether for cidal or static effects, I proposed the extended isobologram (EIBo) analysis method, which is a modification of the isobologram (IBo) analysis commonly used to evaluate synergy between drugs. As the method types for this analysis, the growth delay (GD) assay reported previously by the author was introduced, in addition to the conventional endpoint (EP) assay. The evaluation analysis consists of five stages, analytical procedure establishment, antimicrobial activity assay, dose-effect analysis, IBo analysis, and synergy analysis. In EIBo analysis, the fractional antimicrobial dose (FAD) is introduced for the normalization of the antimicrobial activity of each treatment. For the synergy evaluation, the synergy parameter (SP) is defined as a measure of the degree of the synergistic effect of a combined treatment. This method makes it possible to quantitatively evaluate, predict, and compare various combination treatments as a hurdle technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuaki Tsuchido
- Research Center of Microorganism Control, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Metropolitan University
- TriBioX Laboratories, Ltd
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