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Seo CS, Kim SY, Kim DS. Simultaneous Analysis of Thirteen Compounds in Yeokwisan Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array Detection and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Their Antioxidant Effects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:727. [PMID: 38931394 PMCID: PMC11206242 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Yeokwisan (YWS) is an herbal medicine prescription consisting of six oriental herbal medicines, developed to treat reflux esophagitis. We focused on developing an analytical method capable of simultaneously quantifying 13 compounds in YWS samples using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and exploring their antioxidant effects. All compounds examined in both analytical systems were chromatographically separated on a SunFireTM C18 (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) column and an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) column using gradient elution of a water-acetonitrile mobile phase. Antioxidant effects were evaluated based on radical scavenging activity (DPPH and ABTS tests) and ferrous ion chelating activity. In two analytical methods, the coefficient of determination of the regression equation was ≥0.9965, the recovery range was 81.11-108.21% (relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 9.33%), and the precision was RSD ≤ 11.10%. Application of the optimized analysis conditions gave quantitative analysis results for YWS samples of 0.02-100.36 mg/g. Evaluation of the antioxidant effects revealed that baicalein and baicalin exhibit significant antioxidant activity, suggesting that they play an important role in the antioxidant effects of YWS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dong-Seon Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; (C.-S.S.); (S.-Y.K.)
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Joung JY, Son CG. Evaluating the Safety of Herbal Medicine on Renal Function: A Comprehensive Analysis from Six Randomized Controlled Trials Conducted with Four Formulations from Traditional Korean Medicine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:544. [PMID: 38794115 PMCID: PMC11124499 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing popularity of herbal medicine raises concerns about potential nephrotoxicity risks, while limited evidence hinders a comprehensive impact assessment. This study aims to investigate the overall risk features of herbal medicine on kidney injury. We conducted a retrospective analysis on renal function changes, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), through data from six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in South Korea. A total of 407 participants (142 males, 265 females) received either one of four different herbal medicines (240 participants) or a placebo (167 participants). When comparing changes in eGFR regarding the mean, 90th-percentile value, and 20% reduction after treatment, there was no significant difference between the herbal-treated and placebo groups. This study provided a helpful reference for examining the safety issues of herbal remedies, especially regarding kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yong Joung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Good-Morning Oriental Hospital, Dunsan-ro 123 beon-gil 21, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35240, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Korean Medicine, Korean Medical College, Daejeon University, Daehak-ro 62, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Department of Korean Medicine, Korean Medical College, Daejeon University, Daehak-ro 62, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34520, Republic of Korea
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daedukdae-ro 176 bun-gil 75, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35235, Republic of Korea
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Zhou Z, An R, You L, Liang K, Wang X. Banxia Xiexin decoction: A review on phytochemical, pharmacological, clinical and pharmacokinetic investigations. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34891. [PMID: 37657053 PMCID: PMC10476818 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD), a famous traditional Chinese prescription constituted by Pinelliae Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Jujubae Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Mell, has notable characteristics of acrid-opening, bitter down-bearing and sweet-tonification, interfering with tumors, gastrointestinal diseases, central nervous system diseases and much more. Based on the wide clinical applications, current investigations of BXD focused on several aspects: chemical analysis to explore the underlying substrates responsible for the therapeutic effects; basic studies on pharmacological actions of the whole prescription or of those representative ingredients to demonstrate the intriguing molecular targets for specific pathological processes; pharmacokinetic feature studies of single or all components of BXD to reveal the chemical basis and synergistic actions contributing to the pharmacological and clinically therapeutic effects. In this review, we summarized the main achievements of phytochemical, pharmacological, clinical and pharmacokinetic profiles of BXD and its herbal or pharmacologically active chemicals, as well as discussions of our understanding which further reveals the significance of BXD clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhou
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui An
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisha You
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhang D, Lu R, Wang M, Ji J, Zhang S, Wang S, Zhang D, Chen M. Effects of Banxia Xiexin Decoction on apoptosis of interstitial cells of cajal by regulation of MiR-451-5p: An in vivo and in vitro study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116606. [PMID: 37192721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXD) is a traditional Chinese medical formula applied to gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders. Previous studies showed that miR-451-5p was down-regulated in rats with GI motility disorders induced by gastric electrical dysrhythmia. Interstitial cells of cajal (ICCs) are pacemakers for GI motility, while loss of ICCs is responsible for GI motility disturbance. Thus, the underlying interaction mechanisms for BXD regulating ICCs apoptosis via miR-451-5p remain to be explored. AIM OF THE STUDY In this work, the main objectives were to examine the efficacy of BXD on ICCs via miR-451-5p both in GI motility disorders rats model and in vitro, as well as the potential contributions of SCF/c-kit signaling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats with gastric electrical dysrhythmia were established in male SD rats by using a single-day diet and a double fasting method (drinking diluted hydrochloric acid water during the period) for 4 weeks. The gastric slow wave (GSW) recording, RT-qPCR, and western blot were performed to examine the effects of BXD on ICCs apoptosis in rats with GED and miR-451-5p expression. In vitro assays included CCK-8, flow cytometry analysis, RT-qPCR, and western blot were applied to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of BXD on ICCs apoptosis via miR-451-5p. RESULTS BXD promoted gastric motility, reduced ICCs apoptosis, and elevated miR-451-5p in GED rats. In addition, miR-451-5p was significantly up-regulated in ICCs after BXD treatment compared with that in ICCs with miR-451-5p inhibitor transfection. Meanwhile, high miR-451-5p expression with either BXD treatment or miRNA mimics enhanced ICCs proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of miR-451-5p can reverse G0/G1 arrest in ICCs by BXD treatment. Further, SCF and c-kit protein levels were detected to demonstrate that modulation of miR-451-5p by BXD treatment was involved in this signaling. CONCLUSIONS Through this study, we demonstrated that BXD could promote ICCs proliferation and inhibit apoptosis via miR-451-5p and may involve the modulations of SCF/c-kit signaling, thus suggesting a new therapy basis for GI motility dysfunction from the perspective of modulation of ICCs apoptosis by targeting miR-451-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, NO.11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Ruimin Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, NO.11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Mengwei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, NO.11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Jing Ji
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, NO.11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Shujing Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, NO.11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Shuyan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, NO.11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, No.5 Haiyuncang Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 101121, PR China.
| | - Meng Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, NO.11 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
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Xia QS, Gao Y, Wen-Bin W, Wu F, Dong H, Xu LJ, Fang K, Hu ML, Yuan F, Lu FE, Gong J. Ban-xia-xie-xin-tang ameliorates hepatic steatosis by regulating Cidea and Cidec expression in HFD-fed mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154351. [PMID: 35908522 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ban-xia-xie-xin-tang (BXXXT) has been applied in treating metabolic diseases, such as nonalcohol fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of BXXXT in treating diabetes mellitus is unknown. PURPOSE To clarify the underlying molecular mechanism of BXXXT in alleviating hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. METHODS After 12 weeks of HFD treatment, mice were administered BXXXT for 4 weeks. The main chemical components of BXXXT were identified by UPLC-TQ-MS/MS. Indicators associated with insulin resistance and lipid metabolism were detected. The effect of improving glucose and lipid metabolism between BXXXT and the different components was compared. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by hepatic transcriptomics. Key DEGs and proteins were further detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining. LDs and mitochondria were detected by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS First of all, our data demonstrated that the capacity to improve glucose and lipid metabolism for BXXXT was significantly superior to different components of BXXXT. BXXXT was found to improve HFD-induced insulin resistance. Moreover, BXXXT decreased weight, serum/hepatic triglycerides, total cholesterol, and FFAs to alleviate HFD-induced hepatic steatosis. According to the results of the hepatic transcription, Cidea and Cidec were identified as critical DEGs for promoting LD fusion and reducing FFAs β-oxidation in mitochondria and peroxisome resulting in hepatic steatosis, which was reversed by BXXXT. CONCLUSION BXXXT ameliorates HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance by increasing Cidea and Cidec-mediated mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation, which may provide a potential strategy for therapy of NAFLD and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Song Xia
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Beijing Tcmages Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Wu Wen-Bin
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Li-Jun Xu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ke Fang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Mei-Lin Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Fen Yuan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Fu-Er Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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