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Liu Z, Jia J. Omaveloxolone Ameliorates Cognitive Deficits by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04361-8. [PMID: 39088030 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease associated with aging, characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and memory loss. However, treatments that delay AD progression or improve its symptoms remain limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of omaveloxolone (Omav) on AD and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Thirty-week-old APP/PS1 mice were selected as an experimental model of AD. The spatial learning and memory abilities were tested using the Morris water maze. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition in the brains was measured using immunohistochemistry. Network pharmacological analyses and molecular docking were conducted to gain insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of Omav. Finally, validation analyses were conducted to detect changes in the associated pathways and proteins. Our finding revealed that Omav markedly rescued cognitive dysfunction and reduced Aβ deposition in the brains of APP/PS1 mice. Network pharmacological analysis identified 112 intersecting genes, with CASP3 and MTOR emerging as the key targets. In vivo validation experiments indicated that Omav attenuated neuronal apoptosis by regulating apoptotic proteins, including caspase 3, Bax, and Bcl-2. Moreover, Omav suppressed neuroinflammation and induced autophagy by inhibiting the phosphorylation of mTOR. These findings highlight the therapeutic efficacy of Omav in AD and that its neuroprotective effects were associated with inhibiting neuronal apoptosis and regulating neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Liu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Changchun Street 45, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Changchun Street 45, Beijing, PR China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, PR China.
- Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100053, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Tian J, Ni J, Wei M, Li T, Shi J. Polygala tenuifolia and Acorus tatarinowii in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1268000. [PMID: 38283842 PMCID: PMC10815298 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1268000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The complexity of Chinese medicine treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD) utilizing a multi-herb therapy makes the evidence in current studies insufficient. Herb pairs are the most fundamental form of multi-herb formulae. Among the Chinese herbal formulas for AD treatment, Polygala tenuifolia (PT) and Acorus tatarinowii (AT) appeared as the most commonly used herbal pairs in combination. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the combination of PT and AT in the treatment of AD. Methods: We systematically searched and screened randomized controlled trials of pairing PT and AT for the treatment of AD patients in eight databases with a search deadline of June 26, 2023. Authors, year of publication, title, and basic information such as subject characteristics (age, sex, and race), course of disease, control interventions, dose, and treatment duration were extracted from the screened studies. Primary outcomes assessed included mini-mental state examination (MMSE), activities of daily living (ADL), and AD assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), while secondary outcomes included efficiency and adverse events. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (MD [95% CI]) and risk ratio (RR) was selected as the effect size, and the data were analyzed and evaluated using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16. Results: A total of sixteen eligible and relevant studies involving 1103 AD participants were included. The combination of PT and AT plus conventional drugs was superior to single conventional drugs in MMSE [MD = 2.57, 95%CI: (1.44, 3.69); p < 0.00001; I 2 = 86%], ADL [MD = -3.19, 95%CI: (-4.29, -2.09); p < 0.00001; I 2 = 0%], and ADAS-cog scores [MD = -2.09, 95%CI: (-3.07, -1.10); p < 0.0001; I 2 = 0%]. The combination of PT and AT plus conventional drugs had a significantly more favorable benefit in clinical effectiveness [RR = 1.27, 95%CI: (1.12, 1.44); p = 0.0002; I 2 = 0%]. Adverse events were not increased with the combination of PT and AT plus conventional drugs compared to conventional drugs [RR = 0.65, 95%CI: (0.35, 1.19); p = 0.16; I 2 = 0%]. The experimental group treated with the combination of PT and AT alone for AD was comparable in MMSE, ADL, and ADAS-cog scores compared with the control group treated with single conventional drugs. Conclusion: Compared to single conventional drugs, the combination of PT and AT may be used as an alternative therapy to improve global cognition and functioning in AD, and the combination of PT and AT as adjunctive therapy appears to produce a better therapeutic response to AD in terms of efficacy without increasing the risk of adverse events. However, the very low to low quality of available evidence limits confidence in the findings. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023444156.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhou Tian
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingnian Ni
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingqing Wei
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Guo X, Wang F, Zheng M, Li L, Li L, Wang J, Miao S, Ma S, Shi X. Network pharmacology and molecular docking to study the potential molecular mechanism of Qi Fu Yin for diabetic encephalopathy. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38047625 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2289038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy is a chronic complication of diabetes that lacks an optimized treatment strategy. The present study sought to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of Qi Fu Yin in improving diabetic encephalopathy through network pharmacology. The active components and target information of Qi Fu Yin were obtained from the TCMSP and Swiss target databases, while the target information of diabetic encephalopathy was sourced from Gene cards, OMIM, and Pharm Gkb databases. Enrichment analyses of KEGG and GO were conducted utilizing drug-disease common targets, while protein-protein interactions were predicted through the utilization of the STRING database platform. Subsequently, molecular docking was executed via Auto Dock Vina to authenticate the interaction between core components and core targets. The findings revealed that Qi Fu Yin exhibited 178 common targets with diabetic encephalopathy, and the enrichment analyses demonstrated that these targets were associated with lipid and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathways, and other related pathways. The findings of the molecular docking indicated a favorable binding affinity between the active components of drug and the core targets, with EGF and quercetin exhibiting the most notable docking score. Additionally, the molecular dynamics simulation corroborated this high affinity. These results suggested that the active ingredients of Qi Fu Yin, including quercetin and kaempferol, may modulated the expression of genes such as IL10, TNF, EGF, and MMP2, thereby activating the AGE-RAGE signaling pathways and potentially serving as a therapeutic intervention for diabetic encephalopathy.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Feiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Meiling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shan Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shanbo Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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Alnusaire T, Sabouni IL, Khojah H, Qasim S, Al-Sanea MM, Siddique S, Mokhtar FA, Ahmed SR. Integrating Chemical Profiling, In Vivo Study, and Network Pharmacology to Explore the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Pterocarpus dalbergioides Fruits and Its Correlation with the Major Phytoconstituents. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32544-32554. [PMID: 37720803 PMCID: PMC10500659 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the anti-inflammatory activity of Pterocarpus dalbergioides fruit extract (PFE) and the underlying mechanism. Chemical profiling using ultraperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry identified 28 compounds in PFE (12 flavonoids, 5 fatty acids, 4 phenolic compounds, 3 alkaloids, 2 sesquiterpenes, and 2 xanthophylls). PFE (2 g/kg) significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced rat paw edema after 4 h of administration (42% inhibition). A network-based strategy and molecular docking studies were utilized to uncover the anti-inflammatory mechanism. Out of the identified compounds, 16 compounds with DL ≥ 0.18 and F ≥ 30% were selected using bioavailability (F) and drug-likeness (DL) metrics. The network analysis revealed that 90 genes are considered key targets for the selected compounds and linked to the anti-inflammatory effect. Among all compounds, linoleic acid was found to be the top-most active constituent as it targets maximum genes. Four targets (TNF, IL6, AKT1, and CCL2) among the top 10 genes were found to be the main target genes that may contribute to the anti-inflammatory potential of PFE. Furthermore, KEGG (Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) pathway analysis revealed that PFE might regulate inflammation through five pathways: neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, lipid and atherosclerosis, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, TNF signaling pathway, and rheumatoid arthritis. The docking study predicted the significant binding affinity between the top four active constituents (linoleic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid, 11,12,13-trihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, and rhamnetin-3-O-rhamnoside) and the selected target proteins (TNF and AKT1). The findings highlight PFE as a promising drug lead for controlling inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hanan Khojah
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumera Qasim
- Pharmacology
Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Siddique
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Alzahraa Mokhtar
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El
Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida, Sharkia 44813, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa R. Ahmed
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo
University, Kasr el-Aini
street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Chen Q, Jia T, Wu X, Chen X, Wang J, Ba Y. Polygalae Radix Oligosaccharide Esters May Relieve Depressive-like Behavior in Rats with Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress via Modulation of Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13877. [PMID: 37762181 PMCID: PMC10530649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygalae radix (PR) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat depression, and polygalae radix oligosaccharide esters (PROEs) are the main active ingredient. Although gut microbiota are now believed to play key role in depression, the effects of PROEs on depression via modulation of gut microbiota remain unknown. In this article, we investigate the effect of PROEs on the gut microbiota of a depression rat and the possible mechanism responsible. The depression rat model was induced by solitary rearing combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The depression-like behavior, the influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the contents of monoamine neurotransmitter in the hippocampus, and the quantity of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces were each assessed, and the serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured by ELISA. Additionally, ultrastructural changes of the duodenal and colonic epithelium were observed under transmission electron microscope, and the gut microbiota were profiled by using 16S rRNA sequencing. The results show that PROEs alleviated the depression-like behavior of the depression model rats, increased the level of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain, and reduced the hyperfunction of the HPA axis. Furthermore, PROEs regulated the imbalance of the gut microbiota in the rats, relieving intestinal mucosal damage by increasing the relative abundance of gut microbiota with intestinal barrier protective functions, and adjusting the level of SCFAs in the feces, as well as the serum levels of LPS and IL-6. Thus, we find that PROEs had an antidepressant effect through the restructuring of gut microbiota that restored the function of the intestinal barrier, reduced the release of intestinal endotoxin, and constrained the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing 100069, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (X.W.); (X.C.); (J.W.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tanrong Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing 100069, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (X.W.); (X.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Xia Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing 100069, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (X.W.); (X.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing 100069, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (X.W.); (X.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Jiajia Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing 100069, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (X.W.); (X.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Yinying Ba
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing 100069, China; (Q.C.); (T.J.); (X.W.); (X.C.); (J.W.)
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Chen F, Wu S, Li D, Dong J, Huang X. Leaf Extract of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt Promotes Adipocyte Browning via the p38 MAPK Pathway and PI3K-AKT Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061487. [PMID: 36986217 PMCID: PMC10054491 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The leaf of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt (PF) has been reported to negatively affect adipocyte formation, inhibit body-fat formation, and lower body weight. However, its effect on adipocyte browning remains unknown. Thus, the mechanism of PF in promoting adipocyte browning was investigated. The ingredients of PF were acquired from the online database and filtered with oral bioavailability and drug-likeness criteria. The browning-related target genes were obtained from the Gene Card database. A Venn diagram was employed to obtain the overlapped genes that may play a part in PF promoting adipocyte browning, and an enrichment was analysis conducted based on these overlapped genes. A total of 17 active ingredients of PF were filtered, which may regulate intracellular receptor-signaling pathways, the activation of protein kinase activity, and other pathways through 56 targets. In vitro validation showed that PF promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and upregulates brite adipocyte-related gene expression. The browning effect of PF can be mediated by the p38 MAPK pathway as well as PI3K-AKT pathway. The study revealed that PF could promote adipocyte browning through multitargets and multipathways. An in vitro study validated that the browning effect of PF can be mediated by both the P38 MAPK pathway and the PI3K-AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fancheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Silin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dejian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- Facutly of Medicine, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Wu ZG, Huang YJ, Wang TY, Deng CY, Xu ZR, Tang CZ. Effect of acupuncture on neuroinflammation in animal models of Alzheimer's disease: A preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1110087. [PMID: 36936500 PMCID: PMC10014858 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1110087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite neuroinflammation being an important component of the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), effective therapies to alleviate neuroinflammation are still lacking. Many animal experiments in AD have found that acupuncture may ameliorate cognition by decreasing neuroinflammation and modulating cytokines, but its effects have not been systematically examined. We aimed to assess its efficacy on neuroinflammation in AD and to investigate the potential mechanisms. Materials and methods The following databases were searched from inception until 24 August 2022: Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Animal studies that reported the efficacy of acupuncture on neuroinflammation in AD were included. The SYRCLE Robt was utilized to evaluate methodological quality. Stata 17 was utilized to conduct a meta-analysis of cytokine levels and the results of the Morris water maze. Results 23 studies were included, with a total of 417 rats/mice. The overall quality of all included reports was medium. The results indicated that acupuncture significantly reduced the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines which included IL-1β [SMD = -3.50, 95% CI (-4.31, -2.69); I 2 = 78.6%] (P < 0.05), TNF-α [SMD = -3.05, 95% CI (-3.86, -2.24); I 2 = 69.6%] (P < 0.05), IL-6 [SMD = -3.22, 95% CI (-4.62, -1.81); I 2 = 77.6%] and enhanced the expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-4 [SMD = 2.77, 95% CI (1.95, 3.59); I 2 = 33.9%] (P < 0.05), IL-10 [SMD = 1.84, 95% CI (1.20, 2.49); I 2 = 41.0%] (P < 0.05) in an animal model of AD. Regarding the Morris water maze, compared to the control group, the acupuncture group showed a shorter escape latency [SMD = -2.23, 95% CI (-2.89, -1.57); I 2 = 79.2%] (P < 0.05), longer duration in platform quadrant [SMD = 2.34, 95% CI (1.44, 3.23); I 2 = 81.7%] (P < 0.05), and increased platform crossing number [SMD = 2.79, 95% CI (2.06, 3.53); I 2 = 71.9%] (P < 0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture may reduce neuroinflammation in AD by modulating cytokine expression. This modulation significantly improved cognitive function in animal models of AD. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022354878.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chun-Zhi Tang
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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