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Pulipaka S, Chempon H, Singuru G, Sahoo S, Shaikh A, Kumari S, Thennati R, Kotamraju S. Mitochondria-targeted esculetin and metformin delay endothelial senescence by promoting fatty acid β-oxidation: Relevance in age-associated atherosclerosis. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111931. [PMID: 38554949 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Impaired mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) plays a role in the onset of several age-associated diseases, including atherosclerosis. In the current work, we investigated the efficacies of mitochondria-targeted esculetin (Mito-Esc) and metformin in enhancing FAO in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), and its relevance in the delay of cellular senescence and age-associated atherosclerotic plaque formation in Apoe-/- mice. Chronic culturing of HAECs with either Mito-Esc or metformin increased oxygen consumption rates (OCR), and caused delay in senescence features. Conversely, etomoxir (CPT1 inhibitor) reversed Mito-Esc- and metformin-induced OCR, and caused premature endothelial senescence. Interestingly, Mito-Esc, unlike metformin, in the presence of etomoxir failed to preserve OCR. Thereby, underscoring Mito-Esc's exclusive reliance on FAO as an energy source. Mechanistically, chronic culturing of HAECs with either Mito-Esc or metformin led to AMPK activation, increased CPT1 activity, and acetyl-CoA levels along with a concomitant reduction in malonyl-CoA levels, and lipid accumulation. Similar results were observed in Apoe-/- mice aorta and liver tissue with a parallel reduction in age-associated atherosclerotic plaque formation and degeneration of liver with either Mito-Esc or metformin administration. Together, Mito-Esc and metformin by potentiating FAO, may have a role in the delay of cellular senescence by modulating mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriravali Pulipaka
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Hridya Chempon
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gajalakshmi Singuru
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shashikanta Sahoo
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Altab Shaikh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India; Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Sunita Kumari
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rajamannar Thennati
- High Impact Innovations-Sustainable Health Solutions (HISHS), Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Vadodara 390012, India
| | - Srigiridhar Kotamraju
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Gao S, Liu XP, Li TT, Chen L, Feng YP, Wang YK, Yin YJ, Little PJ, Wu XQ, Xu SW, Jiang XD. Animal models of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF): from metabolic pathobiology to drug discovery. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:23-35. [PMID: 37644131 PMCID: PMC10770177 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is currently a preeminent challenge for cardiovascular medicine. It has a poor prognosis, increasing mortality, and is escalating in prevalence worldwide. Despite accounting for over 50% of all HF patients, the mechanistic underpinnings driving HFpEF are poorly understood, thus impeding the discovery and development of mechanism-based therapies. HFpEF is a disease syndrome driven by diverse comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes and obesity, pulmonary hypertension, aging, and atrial fibrillation. There is a lack of high-fidelity animal models that faithfully recapitulate the HFpEF phenotype, owing primarily to the disease heterogeneity, which has hampered our understanding of the complex pathophysiology of HFpEF. This review provides an updated overview of the currently available animal models of HFpEF and discusses their characteristics from the perspective of energy metabolism. Interventional strategies for efficiently utilizing energy substrates in preclinical HFpEF models are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Xue-Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Yi-Ping Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Yu-Kun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Yan-Jun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, China
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Xiao-Qian Wu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Suo-Wen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China.
| | - Xu-Dong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, China.
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3
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Wolff CA, Gutierrez-Monreal MA, Meng L, Zhang X, Douma LG, Costello HM, Douglas CM, Ebrahimi E, Pham A, Oliveira AC, Fu C, Nguyen A, Alava BR, Hesketh SJ, Morris AR, Endale MM, Crislip GR, Cheng KY, Schroder EA, Delisle BP, Bryant AJ, Gumz ML, Huo Z, Liu AC, Esser KA. Defining the age-dependent and tissue-specific circadian transcriptome in male mice. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111982. [PMID: 36640301 PMCID: PMC9929559 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular circadian clocks direct a daily transcriptional program that supports homeostasis and resilience. Emerging evidence has demonstrated age-associated changes in circadian functions. To define age-dependent changes at the systems level, we profile the circadian transcriptome in the hypothalamus, lung, heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, and adrenal gland in three age groups. We find age-dependent and tissue-specific clock output changes. Aging reduces the number of rhythmically expressed genes (REGs), indicative of weakened circadian control. REGs are enriched for the hallmarks of aging, adding another dimension to our understanding of aging. Analyzing differential gene expression within a tissue at four different times of day identifies distinct clusters of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Increased variability of gene expression across the day is a common feature of aged tissues. This analysis extends the landscape for understanding aging and highlights the impact of aging on circadian clock function and temporal changes in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Wolff
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Miguel A Gutierrez-Monreal
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lingsong Meng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Xiping Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Lauren G Douma
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Hannah M Costello
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Collin M Douglas
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Elnaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ann Pham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Aline C Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Chunhua Fu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Amy Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Bryan R Alava
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Stuart J Hesketh
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Andrew R Morris
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mehari M Endale
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - G Ryan Crislip
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kit-Yan Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Schroder
- Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Brian P Delisle
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Andrew J Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Andrew C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Attenuation of the Counter-Regulatory Glucose Response in CVLM C1 Neurons: A Possible Explanation for Anorexia of Aging. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030449. [PMID: 35327640 PMCID: PMC8945993 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of age on CVLM C1 neuron glucoregulatory proteins in the feeding pathway. Male Sprague Dawley rats aged 3 months and 24 months old were divided into two subgroups: the treatment group with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) and the control group. Rat brains were dissected to obtain the CVLM region of the brainstem. Western blot was used to determine protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), phosphorylated TH at Serine40 (pSer40TH), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated AMPK (phospho AMPK), and neuropeptide Y Y5 receptors (NPY5R) in CVLM samples. Immunofluorescence was used to determine TH-, AMPK-, and NPY5R-like immunoreactivities among other brain coronal sections. Results obtained denote a decrease in basal TH phosphorylation levels and AMPK proteins and an increase in TH proteins among aged CVLM neurons. Increases in the basal immunoreactivity of TH+, AMPK+, NPY5R+, TH+/AMPK+, and TH+/NPY5R+ were also observed among old rats. Young treatment-group rats saw a decrease in TH phosphorylation and AMPK proteins following 2DG administration, while an increase in AMPK phosphorylation and a decrease in TH proteins were found among the old-treatment-group rats. These findings suggest the participation of CVLM C1 neurons in counter-regulatory responses among young and old rats. Altering protein changes in aged CVLM C1 neurons may attenuate responses to glucoprivation, thus explaining the decline in food intake among the elderly.
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Tomar N, Zhang X, Kandel SM, Sadri S, Yang C, Liang M, Audi SH, Cowley AW, Dash RK. Substrate-dependent differential regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics in the heart and kidney cortex and outer medulla. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148518. [PMID: 34864090 PMCID: PMC8957717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics and efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) can depend on the choice of respiratory substrates. Furthermore, potential differences in this substrate dependency among different tissues are not well-understood. Here, we determined the effects of different substrates on the kinetics and efficiency of OxPhos in isolated mitochondria from the heart and kidney cortex and outer medulla (OM) of Sprague-Dawley rats. The substrates were pyruvate+malate, glutamate+malate, palmitoyl-carnitine+malate, alpha-ketoglutarate+malate, and succinate±rotenone at saturating concentrations. The kinetics of OxPhos were interrogated by measuring mitochondrial bioenergetics under different ADP perturbations. Results show that the kinetics and efficiency of OxPhos are highly dependent on the substrates used, and this dependency is distinctly different between heart and kidney. Heart mitochondria showed higher respiratory rates and OxPhos efficiencies for all substrates in comparison to kidney mitochondria. Cortex mitochondria respiratory rates were higher than OM mitochondria, but OM mitochondria OxPhos efficiencies were higher than cortex mitochondria. State 3 respiration was low in heart mitochondria with succinate but increased significantly in the presence of rotenone, unlike kidney mitochondria. Similar differences were observed in mitochondrial membrane potential. Differences in H2O2 emission in the presence of succinate±rotenone were observed in heart mitochondria and to a lesser extent in OM mitochondria, but not in cortex mitochondria. Bioenergetics and H2O2 emission data with succinate±rotenone indicate that oxaloacetate accumulation and reverse electron transfer may play a more prominent regulatory role in heart mitochondria than kidney mitochondria. These studies provide novel quantitative data demonstrating that the choice of respiratory substrates affects mitochondrial responses in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Tomar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America
| | - Sunil M Kandel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America
| | - Shima Sadri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America
| | - Mingyu Liang
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America; Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America
| | - Said H Audi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee WI-53223, United States of America
| | - Allen W Cowley
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America; Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America.
| | - Ranjan K Dash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America; Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI-53226, United States of America.
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6
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Kim HK, Ko TH, Song IS, Jeong YJ, Heo HJ, Jeong SH, Kim M, Park NM, Seo DY, Kha PT, Kim SW, Lee SR, Cho SW, Won JC, Youm JB, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Kim N, Cho KI, Shimizu I, Minamino T, Ha NC, Park YS, Nilius B, Han J. BH4 activates CaMKK2 and rescues the cardiomyopathic phenotype in rodent models of diabetes. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e201900619. [PMID: 32699151 PMCID: PMC7383063 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of mortality/morbidity in diabetes mellitus patients. Although tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) shows therapeutic potential as an endogenous cardiovascular target, its effect on myocardial cells and mitochondria in DCM and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we determined the involvement of BH4 deficiency in DCM and the therapeutic potential of BH4 supplementation in a rodent DCM model. We observed a decreased BH4:total biopterin ratio in heart and mitochondria accompanied by cardiac remodeling, lower cardiac contractility, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Prolonged BH4 supplementation improved cardiac function, corrected morphological abnormalities in cardiac muscle, and increased mitochondrial activity. Proteomics analysis revealed oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as the BH4-targeted biological pathway in diabetic hearts as well as BH4-mediated rescue of down-regulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) signaling as a key modulator of OXPHOS and mitochondrial biogenesis. Mechanistically, BH4 bound to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) and activated downstream AMP-activated protein kinase/cAMP response element binding protein/PGC-1α signaling to rescue mitochondrial and cardiac dysfunction in DCM. These results suggest BH4 as a novel endogenous activator of CaMKK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Ko
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sung Song
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Jeong
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Heo
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hun Jeong
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Mi Park
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yun Seo
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Pham Trong Kha
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Woo Kim
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ryul Lee
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Cho
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jong Chul Won
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Boum Youm
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Im Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Nam-Chul Ha
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Shik Park
- School of Biotechnology and Biomedical Science, Inje University, Kimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutics Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Ramlan H, Damanhuri HA. Effects of age on feeding response: Focus on the rostral C1 neuron and its glucoregulatory proteins. Exp Gerontol 2019; 129:110779. [PMID: 31705967 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people are likely to develop anorexia of aging. Rostral C1 (rC1) catecholaminergic neurons in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are recently discovered its role in food intake control. It is well established that these neurons regulate cardiovascular function. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the effect of age on the function of rostral C1 (rC1) neurons in mediating feeding response. METHOD Male Sprague Dawley rats at 3-months (n = 22) and 24-months (n = 22) old were used and further divided into two subgroups; 1) treatment group with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG) and 2) vehicle group. Feeding hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK), ghrelin and leptin were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rat brain was carefully dissected to obtain the brainstem RVLM region. Further analysis was carried out to determine the level of proteins and genes in RVLM that were associated with feeding pathway. Protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), phosphorylated TH at Serine40 (pSer40TH), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated AMPK (phospho AMPK) and neuropeptide Y Y5 receptor (NPY5R) were determined by western blot. Expression of TH, AMPK and NPY genes were determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS This study showed that blood glucose level was elevated in young and old rats following 2DG administration. Plasma CCK-8 concentration was higher in the aged rats at basal and increased with 2DG administration in young rats, but the leptin and ghrelin showed no changes. Old rats showed higher TH and lower AMPK mRNA levels. Glucoprivation decreased AMPK mRNA level in young rats and decreased TH mRNA in old rats. Aged rC1 neurons showed higher NPY5R protein level. Following glucoprivation, rC1 neurons produced distinct molecular changes across age in which, in young rats, AMPK phosphorylation level was increased and in old rats, TH phosphorylation level was increased. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that glucose-counterregulatory responses by rC1 neurons at least, contribute to the ability of young and old rats in coping glucoprivation. Age-induced molecular changes within rC1 neurons may attenuate the glucoprivic responses. This situation may explain the impairment of feeding response in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajira Ramlan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanafi Ahmad Damanhuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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8
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Gu C, Li T, Jiang S, Yang Z, Lv J, Yi W, Yang Y, Fang M. AMP-activated protein kinase sparks the fire of cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia and cardiac ageing. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:168-175. [PMID: 30110651 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal regulator of some endogenous defensive molecules in various pathological processes, particularly myocardial ischemia (MI), a high risk of myocardial infarction. Thereby it is of great significance to explore the inherent mechanism between AMPK and myocardial infarction. In this review, we first introduce the structure and role of AMPK in the heart. Next, we introduce the mechanisms of AMPK in the heart; followed by the energy regulation of AMPK in MI. Lastly, the attention will be expanded to some potential directions and further perspectives. The information compiled here will be helpful for further research and drug design in the future before AMPK might be considered as a therapeutic target of MI.
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Whitehead N, Gill JF, Brink M, Handschin C. Moderate Modulation of Cardiac PGC-1α Expression Partially Affects Age-Associated Transcriptional Remodeling of the Heart. Front Physiol 2018; 9:242. [PMID: 29618980 PMCID: PMC5871735 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in cardiac function due to a decreased myocardial reserve. This adverse cardiac remodeling comprises of a variety of changes, including a reduction in mitochondrial function and a decline in the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a central regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic adaptation in the myocardium. To study the etiological involvement of PGC-1α in cardiac aging, we used mouse models mimicking the modest down- and upregulation of this coactivator in the old and the exercised heart, respectively. Young mice with reduced cardiac expression of PGC-1α recapitulated part of the age-related impairment in mitochondrial gene expression, but otherwise did not aggravate the aging process. Inversely however, moderate overexpression of PGC-1α counteracts numerous key age-related remodeling changes, e.g., by improving blood pressure, age-associated apoptosis, and collagen accumulation, as well as in the expression of many, but not all cardiac genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, metabolism, calcium handling and contractility. Thus, while the reduction of PGC-1α in the heart is insufficient to cause an aging phenotype, moderate overexpression reduces pathological remodeling of older hearts and could thereby contribute to the beneficial effects of exercise on cardiac function in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marijke Brink
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Crooke A, Huete-Toral F, Colligris B, Pintor J. The role and therapeutic potential of melatonin in age-related ocular diseases. J Pineal Res 2017; 63. [PMID: 28658514 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The eye is continuously exposed to solar UV radiation and pollutants, making it prone to oxidative attacks. In fact, oxidative damage is a major cause of age-related ocular diseases including cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. As the nature of lens cells, trabecular meshwork cells, retinal ganglion cells, retinal pigment epithelial cells, and photoreceptors is postmitotic, autophagy plays a critical role in their cellular homeostasis. In age-related ocular diseases, this process is impaired, and thus, oxidative damage becomes irreversible. Other conditions such as low-grade chronic inflammation and angiogenesis also contribute to the development of retinal diseases (glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy). As melatonin is known to have remarkable qualities such as antioxidant/antinitridergic, mitochondrial protector, autophagy modulator, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic, it can represent a powerful tool to counteract all these diseases. The present review analyzes the role and therapeutic potential of melatonin in age-related ocular diseases, focusing on nitro-oxidative stress, autophagy, inflammation, and angiogenesis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Crooke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Group Ocupharm, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Huete-Toral
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Group Ocupharm, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Basilio Colligris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Group Ocupharm, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pintor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV, Group Ocupharm, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Zhang H, Wang J, Li L, Chai N, Chen Y, Wu F, Zhang W, Wang L, Shi S, Zhang L, Bian S, Xu C, Tian Y, Zhao Y. Spermine and spermidine reversed age-related cardiac deterioration in rats. Oncotarget 2017; 8:64793-64808. [PMID: 29029392 PMCID: PMC5630292 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Slowing or reversing the physiological impact of heart aging may reduce morbidity and mortality associated with age-related CVD. The polyamines, spermine (SP) and spermidine (SPD) are essential for cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, and levels of both decline with age. To explore the effects of these polyamines on heart aging, we administered SP or SPD intraperitoneally to 22- to 24-month-old rats for 6 weeks. Both treatments reversed and inhibited age-related myocardial morphology alterations, myocardial fibrosis, and cell apoptosis. Using combined proteomics and metabolomics analyses, we identified proteins and metabolites up- or downregulated by SP and SPD in aging rat hearts. SP upregulated 51 proteins and 28 metabolites while downregulating 80 proteins and 29 metabolites. SPD upregulated 44 proteins and 24 metabolites and downregulated 84 proteins and 176 metabolites. These molecules were mainly associated with immune responses, blood coagulation, lipid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism pathways. Our study provides novel molecular information on the cardioprotective effects of polyamines in the aging heart, and supports the notion that SP and SPD are potential clinical therapeutics targeting heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Junying Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lingxu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nannan Chai
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,College of Nursing, Medical School of Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Feixiang Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sa Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuling Bian
- Experiment Center of Function, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Changqing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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