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Xu X, Wei H, Yao K, Wu H, Huang T, Han M, Su T, Cao F. Integrative omics studies revealed synergistic link between sucrose metabolic isogenes and carbohydrates in poplar roots infected by Fusarium wilt. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:29. [PMID: 38502380 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Advances in carbohydrate metabolism prompted its essential role in defense priming and sweet immunity during plant-pathogen interactions. Nevertheless, upstream responding enzymes in the sucrose metabolic pathway and associated carbohydrate derivatives underlying fungal pathogen challenges remain to be deciphered in Populus, a model tree species. In silico deduction of genomic features, including phylogenies, exon/intron distributions, cis-regulatory elements, and chromosomal localization, identified 59 enzyme genes (11 families) in the Populus genome. Spatiotemporal expression of the transcriptome and the quantitative real-time PCR revealed a minuscule number of isogenes that were predominantly expressed in roots. Upon the pathogenic Fusarium solani (Fs) exposure, dynamic changes in the transcriptomics atlas and experimental evaluation verified Susy (PtSusy2 and 3), CWI (PtCWI3), VI (PtVI2), HK (PtHK6), FK (PtFK6), and UGPase (PtUGP2) families, displaying promotions in their expressions at 48 and 72 h of post-inoculation (hpi). Using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based non-targeted metabolomics combined with a high-performance ion chromatography system (HPICS), approximately 307 metabolites (13 categories) were annotated that led to the quantification of 46 carbohydrates, showing marked changes between three compared groups. By contrast, some sugars (e.g., sorbitol, L-arabitol, trehalose, and galacturonic acid) exhibited a higher accumulation at 72 hpi than 0 hpi, while levels of α-lactose and glucose decreased, facilitating them as potential signaling molecules. The systematic overview of multi-omics approaches to dissect the effects of Fs infection provides theoretical cues for understanding defense immunity depending on fine-tuned Suc metabolic gene clusters and synergistically linked carbohydrate pools in trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglei Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Haikun Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Kejun Yao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Fuliang Cao
- College of Foresty, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Cao Y, Mo W, Li Y, Xiong Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Lin M, Zhang L, Li X. Functional characterization of NBS-LRR genes reveals an NBS-LRR gene that mediates resistance against Fusarium wilt. BMC Biol 2024; 22:45. [PMID: 38408951 PMCID: PMC10898138 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most disease resistance (R) genes in plants encode proteins that contain leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) and nucleotide-binding site (NBS) domains, which belong to the NBS-LRR family. The sequenced genomes of Fusarium wilt-susceptible Vernicia fordii and its resistant counterpart, Vernicia montana, offer significant resources for the functional characterization and discovery of novel NBS-LRR genes in tung tree. RESULTS Here, we identified 239 NBS-LRR genes across two tung tree genomes: 90 in V. fordii and 149 in V. montana. Five VmNBS-LRR paralogous were predicted in V. montana, and 43 orthologous were detected between V. fordii and V. montana. The orthologous gene pair Vf11G0978-Vm019719 exhibited distinct expression patterns in V. fordii and V. montana: Vf11G0978 showed downregulated expression in V. fordii, while its orthologous gene Vm019719 demonstrated upregulated expression in V. montana, indicating that this pair may be responsible for the resistance to Fusarium wilt in V. montana. Vm019719 from V. montana, activated by VmWRKY64, was shown to confer resistance to Fusarium wilt in V. montana by a virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiment. However, in the susceptible V. fordii, its allelic counterpart, Vf11G0978, exhibited an ineffective defense response, attributed to a deletion in the promoter's W-box element. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first systematic analysis of NBS-LRR genes in the tung tree and identifies a candidate gene that can be utilized for marker-assisted breeding to control Fusarium wilt in V. fordii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Wanzhen Mo
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yao Xiong
- Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengfei Lin
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330224, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, China.
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Cao Y, Fan T, Zhang B, Li Y. Dissection of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinases: insight into resistance to Fusarium wilt in tung tree. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14416. [PMID: 36590451 PMCID: PMC9798904 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tung tree is a woody oil plant native to China and widely distributed in the subtropics. The three main species commonly known as Vernicia are V. fordii, V. montana, and V. cordata. The growth and development of V. fordii are affected by a large number of plant pathogens, such as Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium sp. In contrast, V. montana shows significant resistance to Fusarium wilt. The leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase (LRR-RLK) is the largest class of receptor-like kinases associated with plant resistance to Fusarium wilt. Here, we identified 239 VmLRR-RLKs in V. montana, and found that there were characteristic domains of resistance to Fusarium wilt in them. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the VmLRR-RLKs are divided into 14 subfamilies, indicating that homologous genes in the same group may have similar functions. Chromosomal localization analysis showed that VmLRR-RLKs were unevenly distributed on chromosomes, and segment duplications were the main reason for the expansion of VmLRR-RLK family members. The transcriptome data showed that six orthologous pairs were up-regulated in V. montana in response to Fusarium wilt, while the corresponding orthologous genes showed low or no expression in V. fordii in resistance Fusarium wilt, further indicating the important role of LRR-RLKs in V. montana's resistance to infection by Fusarium spp. Our study provides important reference genes for the future use of molecular breeding to improve oil yield and control of Fusarium wilt in tung tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cao
- School of Health and Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, China,School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China,Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Fan
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yanli Li
- School of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Cao Y, Li Y, Wang L, Zhang L, Jiang L. Evolution and function of ubiquitin-specific proteases (UBPs): Insight into seed development roles in tung tree (Vernicia fordii). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:796-805. [PMID: 36037910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The tung oil produced by the tung tree (Vernicia fordii) provides resources for the manufacture of biodiesel. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (UBPs) are the largest group of deubiquitinases and play key roles in regulating development and stress responses. Here, 21 UBPs were identified in V. fordii, roughly one-half the number found in Manihot esculenta and Hevea brasiliensis. Most UBP duplications are produced from whole-genome duplication (WGD), and significant differences in gene retention existed among Euphorbiaceae. The great majority of UBP-containing blocks in V. fordii, V. montana, Ricinus communis, and Jatropha curcas exhibited extensive conservation with the duplicated regions of M. esculenta and H. brasiliensis. These blocks formed 14 orthologous groups, indicating they shared WGD with UBPs in M. esculenta and H. brasiliensis, but most of these UBPs copies were lost. The UBP orthologs contained significant functional divergence which explained the susceptibility of V. fordii to Fusarium wilt and the resistance of V. montana to Fusarium wilt. The expression patterns and experiments suggested that Vf03G1417 could affect the seed-related traits and positively regulate the seed oil accumulation. This study provided important insights into the evolution of UBPs in Euphorbiaceae and identified important candidate VfUBPs for marker-assisted breeding in V. fordii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Yanli Li
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Lihu Wang
- College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 430000 Wuhan, China.
| | - Lan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
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Jiang L, Fan T, Li X, Xu J. Functional Heterogeneity of the Young and Old Duplicate Genes in Tung Tree ( Vernicia fordii). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:902649. [PMID: 35800614 PMCID: PMC9253867 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.902649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Genes are subject to birth and death during the long evolutionary period. Here, young and old duplicate genes were identified in Vernicia fordii. We performed integrative analyses, including expression pattern, gene complexity, evolution, and functional divergence between young and old duplicate genes. Compared with young genes, old genes have higher values of Ka and Ks, lower Ka/Ks values, and lower average intrinsic structural disorder (ISD) values. Gene ontology and RNA-seq suggested that most young and old duplicate genes contained asymmetric functions. Only old duplicate genes are likely to participate in response to Fusarium wilt infection and exhibit divergent expression patterns. Our data suggest that young genes differ from older genes not only by evolutionary properties but also by their function and structure. These results highlighted the characteristics and diversification of the young and old genes in V. fordii and provided a systematic analysis of these genes in the V. fordii genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Clinical Research Center for Critical Respiratory Medicine of Anhui Province, Wuhu, China
| | - Tingting Fan
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha, China
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Li Y, Jiang L, Mo W, Wang L, Zhang L, Cao Y. AHLs' life in plants: Especially their potential roles in responding to Fusarium wilt and repressing the seed oil accumulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:509-519. [PMID: 35341887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Members of the AT-hook motif nuclear localized (AHL) family contain diverse but poorly understood biological functions. We identified 371 AHLs in 20 land plants, varying from the early diverging lycophyte Selagineila moellendorfi to a variety of higher plants. The AHLs were divided into two clades (Clade-A and Clade-B) with three different types (Type-I, Type-II, and Type-III AHLs). The divergence between Clade-A and Clade-B likely occurred before the separation of S. moellendorfi from the vascular plant lineages. Members of the AHLs family expanded with the specific whole-genome duplication (WGD)/segmental duplication in some genomes, such as Hevea brasiliensis. The ortholog (Vf00G1914/Amo018442) exhibited opposite expression patterns between two Vernicia species (V. fordii and V. montana), indicating that it was implicated in resistance to Fusarium wilt disease. The expression of Vf09G2138 exhibited a negative correlation with lipid biosynthesis in V. fordii seeds during different stages of development, suggesting that this gene might repress the seed oil accumulation. The core AT-hook motif and PPC domain were responsible for guiding the localization of AHL in the nucleus. This study helps us to understand the evolution of AHLs in multiple plants, further highlight their functions during V. fordii seed development and response to Fusarium wilt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Wanzhen Mo
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Lihu Wang
- College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 430000 Wuhan, China
| | - Yunpeng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
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7
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Zhang Q, Wu L, Yin H, Xu Z, Zhao Y, Gao M, Wu H, Chen Y, Wang Y. D6 protein kinase in root xylem benefiting resistance to Fusarium reveals infection and defense mechanisms in tung trees. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:240. [PMID: 34719680 PMCID: PMC8558330 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00656-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum, a global soil-borne pathogen, causes severe disease in various cultivated plants. The mechanism underlying infection and resistance remains largely elusive. Vernicia fordii, known as the tung tree, suffers from disease caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. fordiis (Fof-1), while its sister species V. montana displays high resistance to Fof-1. To investigate the process of infection and resistance ability, we demonstrated that Fof-1 can penetrate the epidermis of root hairs and then centripetally invade the cortex and phloem in both species. Furthermore, Fof-1 spread upwards through the root xylem in susceptible V. fordii trees, whereas it failed to infect the root xylem in resistant V. montana trees. We found that D6 PROTEIN KINASE LIKE 2 (VmD6PKL2) was specifically expressed in the lateral root xylem and was induced after Fof-1 infection in resistant trees. Transgenic analysis in Arabidopsis and tomato revealed that VmD6PKL2 significantly enhanced resistance in both species, whereas the d6pkl2 mutant displayed reduced resistance against Fof-1. Additionally, VmD6PKL2 was identified to interact directly with synaptotagmin (VmSYT3), which is specifically expressed in the root xylem and mediates the negative regulation responding to Fof-1. Our data suggested that VmD6PKL2 could act as a resistance gene against Fof-1 through suppression of VmSYT3-mediated negative regulation in the lateral root xylem of the resistant species. These findings provide novel insight into Fusarium wilt resistance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hengfu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zilong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yicun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yangdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Cao Y, Mo W, Li Y, Li W, Dong X, Liu M, Jiang L, Zhang L. Deciphering the roles of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinases (LRR-RLKs) in response to Fusarium wilt in the Vernicia fordii (Tung tree). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 185:112686. [PMID: 33582587 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinases (LRR-RLKs) are vital for plant growth and development, signal transduction, immunity, and play diverse roles in plant defense responses. However, the LRR-RLK genes have not been systematically studied in Vernicia fordii (tung tree), especially its response to Fusarium wilt. Here, we carried out an integrative analysis of LRR-RLKs among five Euphorbiaceae species: Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree), Manihot esculenta (cassava), Jatropha curcas (physic nut), Ricinus communis (castor bean), and V. fordii, which contained 223, 311, 186, 138, and 167 LRR-RLKs, respectively. Maximum-likelihood tree was estimated using LRR-RLKs of Arabidopsis thaliana as a template, and they allowed us to divide Euphorbiaceae LRR-RLKs into 22 groups. There are 126 segmental and 30 tandem duplications in these Euphorbiaceae genomes by synteny analysis. The tissue-specific expression patterns revealed that V. fordii LRR-RLKs (VfLRR-RLKs) were differentially expressed in various tissues, and some of them exhibited specific expression in meristems tissues, which suggested their potential functions during organ formation and cell fate specification. Two VfLRR-RLK pairs (Vf01G2125 and Vf03G1740, Vf06G2687 and Vf10G1659), which generated by tandem duplication events, were associated with possible resistance to Fusarium wilt infection. The qRT-PCR confirmed these four VfLRR-RLKs contained opposite expression profiles during pathogen infection in V. fordii and V. montana. Taken together, our data systematically analyzed the LRR-RLK family in Euphorbiaceae genomes for the first time. We highlight the putative roles of VfLRR-RLKs in response to Fusarium wilt infection, and VfLRR-RLKs may be further applied in marker-assisted breeding to control Fusarium wilt in V. fordii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Wanzhen Mo
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Wenying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Meilan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China; Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution (Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241001, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China; Key Lab of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
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Baetsen-Young A, Chen H, Shiu SH, Day B. Contrasting transcriptional responses to Fusarium virguliforme colonization in symptomatic and asymptomatic hosts. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:224-247. [PMID: 33681966 PMCID: PMC8136916 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The broad host range of Fusarium virguliforme represents a unique comparative system to identify and define differentially induced responses between an asymptomatic monocot host, maize (Zea mays), and a symptomatic eudicot host, soybean (Glycine max). Using a temporal, comparative transcriptome-based approach, we observed that early gene expression profiles of root tissue from infected maize suggest that pathogen tolerance coincides with the rapid induction of senescence dampening transcriptional regulators, including ANACs (Arabidopsis thaliana NAM/ATAF/CUC protein) and Ethylene-Responsive Factors. In contrast, the expression of senescence-associated processes in soybean was coincident with the appearance of disease symptom development, suggesting pathogen-induced senescence as a key pathway driving pathogen susceptibility in soybean. Based on the analyses described herein, we posit that root senescence is a primary contributing factor underlying colonization and disease progression in symptomatic versus asymptomatic host-fungal interactions. This process also supports the lifestyle and virulence of F. virguliforme during biotrophy to necrotrophy transitions. Further support for this hypothesis lies in comprehensive co-expression and comparative transcriptome analyses, and in total, supports the emerging concept of necrotrophy-activated senescence. We propose that F. virguliforme conditions an environment within symptomatic hosts, which favors susceptibility through transcriptomic reprogramming, and as described herein, the induction of pathways associated with senescence during the necrotrophic stage of fungal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Baetsen-Young
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Huan Chen
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genome Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Plant Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Shin-Han Shiu
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genome Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Plant Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Brad Day
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genome Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Graduate Program in Molecular Plant Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Lin HH, Lin KH, Wu KF, Chen YC. Identification of Ipomoea batatas anti-cancer peptide (IbACP)-responsive genes in sweet potato leaves. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 305:110849. [PMID: 33691955 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
IbACP, Ipomoea batatas anti-cancer peptide, a sixteen-amino-acid peptide isolated from sweet potato leaves, is capable of mediating a rapid alkalinization of growth media in plant suspension cells. However, the biological roles of IbACP as a defense peptide have not been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of IbACP on the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of the defense-related genes. IbACP treatment of sweet potato leaves resulted in marked accumulation of both superoxide ion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The activity of peroxidase (POD) was significantly enhanced by IbACP treatment, suggesting that high levels of POD antioxidant activity may be used to scavenge the excess H2O2 in sweet potato plants. The IbACP-related genes were identified by suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), and were then classified and assigned to the following categories: defense, development, metabolism, signaling, gene expression, and abiotic stress. H2O2 acts as a second messenger for gene activation in some of the IbACP-triggered gene expressions. These results demonstrated that IbACP is part of an integrated strategy for genetic regulation in sweet potato. Our work highlights the function of IbACP and its potential use for enhancing stress tolerance in sweet potato, in an effort to improve our understanding of defense-response mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Hung Lin
- Department of Horticulture and Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Horticulture and Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Fu Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, 700, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, 700, Taiwan.
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Su T, Zhou B, Cao D, Pan Y, Hu M, Zhang M, Wei H, Han M. Transcriptomic Profiling of Populus Roots Challenged with Fusarium Reveals Differential Responsive Patterns of Invertase and Invertase Inhibitor-Like Families within Carbohydrate Metabolism. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7020089. [PMID: 33513923 PMCID: PMC7911864 DOI: 10.3390/jof7020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium solani (Fs) is one of the notorious necrotrophic fungal pathogens that cause root rot and vascular wilt, accounting for the severe loss of Populus production worldwide. The plant-pathogen interactions have a strong molecular basis. As yet, the genomic information and transcriptomic profiling on the attempted infection of Fs remain unavailable in a woody model species, Populus trichocarpa. We used a full RNA-seq transcriptome to investigate the molecular interactions in the roots with a time-course infection at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h post-inoculation (hpi) of Fs. Concomitantly, the invertase and invertase inhibitor-like gene families were further analyzed, followed by the experimental evaluation of their expression patterns using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and enzyme assay. The magnitude profiles of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed at 72 hpi inoculation. Approximately 839 genes evidenced a reception and transduction of pathogen signals, a large transcriptional reprogramming, induction of hormone signaling, activation of pathogenesis-related genes, and secondary and carbohydrate metabolism changes. Among these, a total of 63 critical genes that consistently appear during the entire interactions of plant-pathogen had substantially altered transcript abundance and potentially constituted suitable candidates as resistant genes in genetic engineering. These data provide essential clues in the developing new strategies of broadening resistance to Fs through transcriptional or translational modifications of the critical responsive genes within various analyzed categories (e.g., carbohydrate metabolism) in Populus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Biyao Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuting Pan
- College of Forest, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Mei Hu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haikun Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (T.S.); (B.Z.); (D.C.); (M.H.); (M.Z.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-158-9598-9551
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Hidden in plain sight: Systematic investigation of Leucine-rich repeat containing genes unveil the their regulatory network in response to Fusarium wilt in tung tree. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1759-1767. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Expression Patterns of MYB (V-myb Myeloblastosis Viral Oncogene Homolog) Gene Family in Resistant and Susceptible Tung Trees Responding to Fusarium Wilt Disease. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vernicia fordii (tung oil tree) is famous in the world for its production of tung oil. Unfortunately, it was infected by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fordii 1 (Fof-1) and suffered serious wilt disease. Conversely, its sister species V. montana is highly resistant to Fof-1. The MYB (v-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) transcription factors were activated during the pathogen Fof-1 infection according to our previous comparative transcriptomic results. Depending on whether the sequence has a complete MYB-DNA-binding domain, a total of 75 VfMYB and 77 VmMYB genes were identified in susceptible V. fordii and resistant V. montana, respectively. In addition, we detected 49 pairs of one-to-one orthologous Vf/VmMYB genes with the reciprocal-best BLAST-hits (RBH)method. In order to investigate the expression modes and the internal network of MYB transcription factors in the two species responding to Fusarium wilt disease, the expressions of Vf/VmMYBs were then investigated and we found that most orthologous Vf/VmMYB genes exhibited similar expression patterns during the Fof-1 infection. However, four pairs of Vf/VmMYB genes, annotated as unknown proteins and mediator of root architecture, demonstrated absolute opposite expression patterns in the two Vernicia species responding to Fof-1. The interaction network of VmMYB genes were further constructed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) method and four hub genes showing extremely high interaction with the other 1157 genes were identified. RT-qPCR result verified the opposite expression pattern of the hub gene VmMYB011 and VmMYB041 in two Vernicia species. In summary, co-expression network of the Vf/VmMYBs and significantly opposite related pairs of genes in resistant and susceptible Vernicia species provided knowledge for understanding the molecular basis of Vernicia responding to Fusarium wilt disease.
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