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An YQ, Bi BS, Xu H, Ma DJ, Xi Z. Co-application of Brassinolide and Pyraclostrobin Improved Disease Control Efficacy by Eliciting Plant Innate Defense Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:916-932. [PMID: 38115548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Applying brassinolide (BL, a phytohormone) in combination with pyraclostrobin (Pyr, a fungicide) has shown effective disease control in field trials. However, the mechanism by which BL + Pyr control disease remains uncertain. This work compared the disease control and defense responses of three pretreatments (BL, Pyr, and BL + Pyr) in Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that BL + Pyr improved control against Pyr-sensitive Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis and Botrytis cinerea by 19 and 17% over Pyr, respectively, and achieved 29% control against Pyr-resistant B. cinerea. Furthermore, BL + Pyr outperformed BL or Pyr in boosting transient H2O2 accumulation, and the activities of POD, APX, GST, and GPX. RNA-seq analysis revealed a more potent activation of defense genes elicited by BL + Pyr than by BL or Pyr. Overall, BL + Pyr controlled disease by integrating the elicitation of plant innate disease resistance with the fungicidal activity of Pyr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi An
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Shi Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Han Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - De-Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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An YQ, Ma DJ, Xi Z. Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Synergistic Enhancement of Nitrogen Assimilation Efficiency via Coordinated Regulation of Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism by Co-Application of Brassinolide and Pyraclostrobin in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16435. [PMID: 38003624 PMCID: PMC10671621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving nitrogen (N) assimilation efficiency without yield penalties is important to sustainable food security. The chemical regulation approach of N assimilation efficiency is still less explored. We previously found that the co-application of brassinolide (BL) and pyraclostrobin (Pyr) synergistically boosted biomass and yield via regulating photosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the synergistic effect of BL and Pyr on N metabolism remains unclear. In this work, we examined the N and protein contents, key N assimilatory enzyme activities, and transcriptomic and metabolomic changes in the four treatments (untreated, BL, Pyr, and BL + Pyr). Our results showed that BL + Pyr treatment synergistically improved N and protein contents by 56.2% and 58.0%, exceeding the effects of individual BL (no increase) or Pyr treatment (36.4% and 36.1%). Besides synergistically increasing the activity of NR (354%), NiR (42%), GS (62%), and GOGAT (62%), the BL + Pyr treatment uniquely coordinated N metabolism, carbon utilization, and photosynthesis at the transcriptional and metabolic levels, outperforming the effects of individual BL or Pyr treatments. These results revealed that BL + Pyr treatments could synergistically improve N assimilation efficiency through improving N assimilatory enzyme activities and coordinated regulation of N and carbon metabolism. The identified genes and metabolites also informed potential targets and agrochemical combinations to enhance N assimilation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qi An
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.-Q.A.); (D.-J.M.)
| | - De-Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.-Q.A.); (D.-J.M.)
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; (Y.-Q.A.); (D.-J.M.)
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, China
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Zhou W, Zhang L, He J, Chen W, Zhao F, Fu C, Li M. Transcriptome Shock in Developing Embryos of a Brassica napus and Brassica rapa Hybrid. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16238. [PMID: 38003428 PMCID: PMC10671433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Interspecific crosses that fuse the genomes of two different species may result in overall gene expression changes in the hybrid progeny, called 'transcriptome shock'. To better understand the expression pattern after genome merging during the early stages of allopolyploid formation, we performed RNA sequencing analysis on developing embryos of Brassica rapa, B. napus, and their synthesized allotriploid hybrids. Here, we show that the transcriptome shock occurs in the developing seeds of the hybrids. Of the homoeologous gene pairs, 17.1% exhibit expression bias, with an overall expression bias toward B. rapa. The expression level dominance also biases toward B. rapa, mainly induced by the expression change in homoeologous genes from B. napus. Functional enrichment analysis revealed significant differences in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to photosynthesis, hormone synthesis, and other pathways. Further study showed that significant changes in the expression levels of the key transcription factors (TFs) could regulate the overall interaction network in the developing embryo, which might be an essential cause of phenotype change. In conclusion, the present results have revealed the global changes in gene expression patterns in developing seeds of the hybrid between B. rapa and B. napus, and provided novel insights into the occurrence of transcriptome shock for harnessing heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixian Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (F.Z.); (C.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (F.Z.); (C.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianjie He
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (F.Z.); (C.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (F.Z.); (C.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feifan Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (F.Z.); (C.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chunhua Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (F.Z.); (C.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Maoteng Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.H.); (W.C.); (F.Z.); (C.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China
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Yin YM, Sun ZY, Wang DW, Xi Z. Discovery of Benzothiazolylpyrazole-4-Carboxamides as Potent Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors through Active Fragment Exchange and Link Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:14471-14482. [PMID: 37775473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is an attractive target for developing green fungicides to manage agricultural pathogens in modern agriculture research. Herein, in this work, we report the discovery of benzothiazolylpyrazole-4-carboxamides I-III as potent SDH inhibitors using active fragment exchange and link approach. The results of the fungicidal activity assays showed that some of the synthesized compounds exhibited excellent inhibition against the tested fungi. Systematic structure-activity relationship studies led to the discovery of compound Ip, N-(1-((4,6-difluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)thio)propan-2-yl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-N-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide, which showed higher fungicidal activity against Fusarium graminearum Schw (EC50 = 0.93 μg/mL) than the commercial fungicides thifluzamide (EC50 > 50 μg/mL) and boscalid (EC50 > 50 μg/mL). The molecular simulation studies suggested that hydrophobic interactions were the primary driving forces between ligands and SDH. Promisingly, we found that Ip could stimulate the growth of wheat seedlings and Arabidopsis thaliana and increase the biomass of the treated plants. Preliminary studies on the plant growth promoter mechanism of Ip indicated that it could increase nitrate reductase activity in planta, that, in turn, stimulates the growth of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ming Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zong-Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
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