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Hakemi A, Blamoun J, Lundahl A, Armstead T, Hakemi K, Malik M. A Conceptual Framework for Instructional Design of a High Acuity and Low Occurrence Event - Simulation Based Education Training of Residents, Medical Students, and Nurses in Anaphylaxis Utilizing Curated Educational Theories. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2023; 14:101-107. [PMID: 36798716 PMCID: PMC9926979 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s398013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The broad goal of this educational curriculum is utilization and optimization of Simulation-Based Education (SBE) in the training of residents, medical students, and nursing staff involved in the rapid and timely recognition of Anaphylaxis and its optimized treatment. A critical gap in Anaphylaxis Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment (ADAM) has been well established across medical disciplines. It is imperative to include all members of the healthcare team, as nurses and pharmacists play key roles in anaphylaxis recognition and care. Nurses and pharmacists are proficiently trained in the initial assessment of acute patient complaints, status, and in proper dosing/administration considerations. Anaphylaxis is a High Acuity and Low Occurrence (HALO) event. Delayed recognition and administration of epinephrine-autoinjector (EAI) is a patient safety concern. Suboptimal technique and expertise in this regard is common. Literature abounds with reports of physician trainee doubts and uncertainties in the recognition and optimized management of Anaphylaxis. Importantly, Anaphylaxis is frequently misdiagnosed in hospital emergency departments. SBE methodologies are ideal for instructing HALO experiences. The framework of the "Zone of Simulation Matrix" supports the utilization of a simulation experience in this instance. Learning will be effective, enhanced, and made durable by embedding numerous specifically curated educational theories. Given the paucity in training of residents and nursing staff in Anaphylaxis, such instruction is imperative. Of note, a special emphasis in this curricular framework is the debriefing experience. Considerations will be given to the psychological safety of the trainees and the importance of the heterogeneity of prior experiences. Precise diagnosis minimizes mortality. In the hospital setting, nurses are the first responders to critical HALO events, and there is a lack of awareness of ADAM by nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hakemi
- College of Health Professions, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - John Blamoun
- Clinical Education, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Andrew Lundahl
- Clinical Pharmacy Services, Mission Pharmacy, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48858, USA
| | - Teresa Armstead
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Kelvin Hakemi
- Behavioral Health, Healthsource, Saginaw, MI, 48603, USA
| | - Mishaal Malik
- Medical Student, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
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2
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Peng C, Liang Y, Yuan G, Xie M, Mao Y, Harmat L, Bonaiuto F. How servant leadership predicts employee resilience in public organizations: a social identity perspective. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-16. [PMID: 36573181 PMCID: PMC9773698 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Through the lens of social identity theory, this work aims to investigate the impact of servant leadership on employee resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore their underlying mechanisms through two types of social identity: organizational identification and professional identity. To test our hypotheses, an online survey was conducted via a large number of 703 employees working in public organizations in southwest China. Results yielded from the structural equation modeling analysis via AMOS (24.0) indicated that the effect of servant leadership on employee resilience was fully mediated by organizational identification and professional identity, respectively. Besides, the association between servant leadership and employee resilience was sequentially mediated from organizational identification to professional identity, and from professional identity to organizational identification. This study provides the first evidence of the predictive effect of servant leadership on employee resilience through organizational identification and professional identity, highlighting the significance of social identity for building and maintaining employees' resilience in coping with challenges posed by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Peng
- School of Public Administration, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Public Administration, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 China
| | - Guoping Yuan
- School of Public Administration, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 China
| | - Mei Xie
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, 00185 Italy
| | - Yanhui Mao
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Psychological Research and Counseling Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 China
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang Univeisity, Hangzhou, 310028 China
| | - László Harmat
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, 35195 Växjö, Sweden
| | - Flavia Bonaiuto
- Faculty of Economics, Universitas Mercatorum, Piazza Mattei 10, 00186 Roma, Italy
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Kotler S, Mannino M, Kelso S, Huskey R. First few seconds for flow: A comprehensive proposal of the neurobiology and neurodynamics of state onset. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 143:104956. [PMID: 36368525 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Flow is a cognitive state that manifests when there is complete attentional absorption while performing a task. Flow occurs when certain internal as well as external conditions are present, including intense concentration, a sense of control, feedback, and a balance between the challenge of the task and the relevant skillset. Phenomenologically, flow is accompanied by a loss of self-consciousness, seamless integration of action and awareness, and acute changes in time perception. Research has begun to uncover some of the neurophysiological correlates of flow, as well as some of the state's neuromodulatory processes. We comprehensively review this work and consider the neurodynamics of the onset of the state, considering large-scale brain networks, as well as dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and endocannabinoid systems. To accomplish this, we outline an evidence-based hypothetical situation, and consider the flow state in a broader context including other profound alterations in consciousness, such as the psychedelic state and the state of traumatic stress that can induce PTSD. We present a broad theoretical framework which may motivate future testable hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Scott Kelso
- Human Brain & Behavior Laboratory, Center for Complex Systems and Brain Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, United States; Intelligent Systems Research Centre, Ulster University, Derry∼Londonderry, North Ireland
| | - Richard Huskey
- Cognitive Communication Science Lab, Department of Communication, University of California Davis, United States; Cognitive Science Program, University of California Davis, United States; Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, United States.
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Xie M, Mao Y, Yang R. Flow experience and city identity in the restorative environment: A conceptual model and nature-based intervention. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1011890. [PMID: 36438280 PMCID: PMC9691857 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1011890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Within environmental psychology, the restorative environment is receiving increasing attention due to its favorable impact on people's mental recovery, stress reduction, and psychophysiological well-being. Flow theory, as one of the foundations of positive psychology, is a popular theoretical framework for understanding human flourishing and well-being. The restorative environment is suggested to facilitate flow experience and city identity from the perspective of positive environmental psychology. Nonetheless, systematic research investigating them all together can hardly be traced. Thus, through a preliminary review of 169 relevant studies retrieved from the data source, this work proposes a novel theoretical model in which people's interactions within the restorative environment facilitate their experience of flow and perceived city identity. Additionally, this research provides conceptual guidance for city workers to engage in nature-based intervention and leisure therapy for improved well-being. Overall, this review endeavors to contribute to developing urban workers' restoration, happiness, and well-being from both practical and theoretical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xie
- School of Foreign Languages, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China,Dipartimento di Psicologia dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Yanhui Mao
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Psychological Research and Counseling Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Psychological Research and Counseling Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Rui Yang
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Choe NS. Understanding the value of art prompts in an online narrative medicine workshop: an exploratory-descriptive focus group study. MEDICAL HUMANITIES 2022:medhum-2022-012480. [PMID: 36192138 DOI: 10.1136/medhum-2022-012480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Narrative medicine is an interdisciplinary field that complements and expands on conventional healthcare training by supporting narrative competence skills and creativity derived from the arts and humanities domains to address the needs of healthcare providers and receivers. With the COVID-19 pandemic having had a profound impact on the healthcare workforce with an already high burn-out rate, multimodal arts interventions may help address the holistic dimensions of well-being. While empirical evidence supports the use of arts-based interventions in promoting healthcare workers' well-being and personal growth, art prompts are underexplored and underused in narrative medicine. Moreover, protocols and frameworks adopted in extant research on this topic are inconsistent, resulting in replication and validation challenges. These issues have motivated this exploratory-descriptive study with 11 narrative medicine practitioners to examine the use of short art prompts in an online narrative medicine workshop.The art prompts leveraged art therapy's Expressive Therapies Continuum (ETC) model, which uses the inherent properties of art materials, media and methods to elicit specific levels of information processing and creative experiences. The study aimed to understand how art prompts differ from writing prompts and explore the value art prompts could add to narrative medicine if any. Qualitative analyses revealed that art prompts in narrative medicine increase positive feelings and promote creativity and insight. Specifically, art prompts allowed participants to use sensorimotor functions, enter a flow-like state, be challenged and inspired by novelty and uncertainty, and experience a sense of play and personal discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy S Choe
- Marital & Family Therapy/Art Therapy, Loyola Marymount University College of Communication and Fine Arts, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Zhang S, Liang J, Ma Y, Chen Y, He Q. Destination image, nostalgic feeling, flow experience and agritourism: An empirical study of Yunling Tea Estate in Anxi, China. Front Psychol 2022; 13:954299. [PMID: 36160530 PMCID: PMC9496169 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.954299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study introduces destination image, nostalgic feeling, and flow experience into tea estate tourism and constructs a theoretical model that includes destination image, nostalgic feeling, flow experience, cultural identity, and tourists’ behavioral intention. Then, an empirical study is conducted with tourists at Yunling Tea Estate in Anxi, China. The results show that all hypotheses are supported except the hypothesis pertaining to the significance of the influence of flow experience on behavioral intention, which is not supported. The model includes eight mediating effects and one moderating effect that is influenced by cultural memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunbowen Zhang
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jingxuan Liang
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yongqiang Ma
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Youcheng Chen
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Quanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Youcheng Chen,
| | - Qiaohua He
- College of Business & Management, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen, China
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Rahmani L, Haasova S, Czellar S, Clergue V, Martin C. How Often Do You Think About Your Relationship With Nature? The Measurement of Environmental Identity Salience and Its Relationship With Proenvironmental Behaviors. Front Psychol 2022; 13:877978. [PMID: 35874395 PMCID: PMC9305846 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.877978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extant research finds that environmental identity is an important motivational factor for proenvironmental behavior. However, studies typically focus on investigating the effects of the strength of this identity. Based on insights from identity research, we theorize that the influence of individuals' environmental identity on their proenvironmental behavior may depend on other identity dimensions as well. We argue that the frequency of activation of environmental identity in relevant life domains-environmental identity salience-may predict proenvironmental behavior beyond what environmental identity strength can explain. To test our theorizing, we propose a parsimonious measure of environmental identity salience. In four empirical studies, we establish that the new measure has sound psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency and discriminant validity with regard to measures of environmental identity strength. Importantly, our measure of environmental identity salience reliably predicts a range of self-reported and actual proenvironmental behaviors beyond the effects of environmental identity strength. In line with theoretical predictions, our data suggests that environmental identity salience and strength are related but distinct constructs. We conclude that investigating the nature and effects of environmental identity salience leads to a fruitful path to a more comprehensive understanding of proenvironmental behavior. The proposed new measure may serve as a helpful tool in this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leïla Rahmani
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simona Haasova
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandor Czellar
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Clergue
- EHL Hospitality Business School, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Mao Y, Lai Y, Zhai Y, Xie M, Yu J, Wang Q, Lu S, Ma J, Bonaiuto M. Authentic Leadership and Employee Resilience: A Moderated Mediation Analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:901085. [PMID: 35898984 PMCID: PMC9312127 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.901085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Authentic leadership is essential for predicting employee resilience. However, despite fruitful findings, more adapted models of authentic leadership - employee resilience based on empirical findings can serve as a guide to understand the complex mediators and moderators in different industries such as in construction engineering project organizations during the turbulent pandemic. This study, therefore, based on the organizational identification theory and flow theory through the lens of positive organizational psychology, aims to disentangle the authentic leadership-employee resilience association by investigating their underlying mechanism and their boundary condition. To test our hypothetical model, we applied a cross-sectional design with data collected from a large sample of 884 employees from a big enterprise in China. Findings from confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling analysis, and Hayes's conditional process model indicated that: authentic leadership positively predicted employee resilience through the partial mediation effect of organizational identification, and such a mediation model was moderated by the experience of flow. In other words, flow moderated the relationships between authentic leadership, organizational identification, and employee resilience. Findings provide evidence for cultivating leaders' authenticity in promoting their subordinates' resilience; findings also highlight the significance of organizational identification in bridging authentic leadership and employee resilience and the essential role of flow experience in supporting the relationships mentioned above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Mao
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Psychological Research and Counseling Center, Institute of Applied Psychology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Lai
- School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Zhai
- China Railway Construction Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Xie
- School of Foreign Languages, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junkai Yu
- School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiutong Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing China
| | - Shaokai Lu
- School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianhong Ma
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marino Bonaiuto
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Social Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Weatherill M, Tibus E, Rodriguez AD. Motivation as a Predictor of Aphasia Treatment Outcomes: A Scoping Review. TOPICS IN LANGUAGE DISORDERS 2022; 43:252-265. [PMID: 36950030 PMCID: PMC10026711 DOI: 10.1097/tld.0000000000000286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Motivation is a complex phenomenon that can influence a person's ability to make progress in treatment. We sought to understand how motivation is currently measured and utilized in aphasia rehabilitation by identifying treatment studies that (1) include measurement of motivation and (2) use motivation to predict treatment response. METHOD A scoping review was conducted by systematically searching PubMed, CINAHL, EBSCO, Ovid MEDLINE, and APA PsycInfo using the following search terms: (measurement OR treatment OR rehabilitation OR predict*) AND (motiv* OR engagement OR adherence OR compliance) AND (aphasia OR dysphasia). RESULTS Two studies met our inclusion criteria. Motivation was measured differently across studies. No studies used motivation to predict treatment outcomes. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS Despite the importance of motivation in aphasia rehabilitation success, studies that include its measurement are sparse. Additional research is needed and should include development of measurement tools and evaluation of the predictive value of motivation on treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryanne Weatherill
- VA RR&D Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Elizabeth Tibus
- VA RR&D Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Amy D. Rodriguez
- VA RR&D Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Shreffler J, Huecker M. Physician Flow at Work: Examining Work Absorption, Clinical Flow, Work Fulfillment, and Flow Thieves. Workplace Health Saf 2022; 70:484-491. [PMID: 35766249 DOI: 10.1177/21650799221093772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The experience of "flow" at work correlates with positive job outputs and work-related attitudes. Very little current literature describes flow at work in physicians, who experience significant barriers to optimal work outputs, also known as flow thieves (e.g., case interruptions, documenting care). This study aimed to develop a measurement for physician flow (P-Flow) at work and examine the association of P-Flow with physician burnout, job satisfaction, and well-being. METHODS A pilot instrument was tested with items measuring P-Flow at work. After the pilot administration, a 14-item physician flow (P-Flow-14) scale was administered to physicians. In addition to the P-Flow-14 scale, physician respondents completed items measuring burnout, job satisfaction, and well-being. RESULTS This study specifies initial psychometric evidence of P-Flow-14 and 7-item P-Flow instruments for researchers interested in studying flow at work in physicians. For each P-Flow instrument, higher levels of the flow experience correlated with superior levels of well-being (p < .01) and job satisfaction (p < .01), and less burnout (p < .001). Results showed initial psychometric evidence of derived subscales (work absorption, clinical flow, flow thieves, work fulfillment) for application in future research. Results showed associations between flow experience by age group and physician specialty. CONCLUSIONS/APPLICATION TO PRACTICE To enhance well-being and job satisfaction, physicians should aim for concentration and immersion in clinical duties while reducing unnecessary distractions. These findings can be applied by employers and can guide further research on work interruptions and patient safety. Future research can validate the P-Flow scales and subscales to assess interventions aimed to improve the physician work environment.
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Self-Reported Flow in Online Learning Environments for Teacher Education: A Quasi-Experimental Study Using a Counterbalanced Design. EDUCATION SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/educsci12050351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Digitization in teacher education is currently being promoted, but the choice between face-to-face instruction and online learning environments remains challenging. Previous studies have documented ambivalent results regarding personal preference and academic achievement, and experimental investigations into attention comparing learning in these two settings are largely lacking. In this context, the present study adopts a counterbalanced design to compare different dimensions of student experience of flow in face-to-face settings and online learning environments. Two groups of students in teacher-training programs (n = 37) completed an EduFlow questionnaire at the end of the same interactive courses in the two different settings. The results indicate globally lower attention and engagement in the online environment, suggesting that in-person instruction induces better cognitive absorption, greater time transformation, and a stronger autotelic experience. While the findings represent a contribution to the discussion on how to best design online education, more research is needed to identify the specific mechanisms regarding attention and motivation that can impact flow in these two environments.
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12
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Peifer C, Wolters G, Harmat L, Heutte J, Tan J, Freire T, Tavares D, Fonte C, Andersen FO, van den Hout J, Šimleša M, Pola L, Ceja L, Triberti S. A Scoping Review of Flow Research. Front Psychol 2022; 13:815665. [PMID: 35465560 PMCID: PMC9022035 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.815665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow is a gratifying state of deep involvement and absorption that individuals report when facing a challenging activity and they perceive adequate abilities to cope with it (EFRN, 2014). The flow concept was introduced by Csikszentmihalyi in 1975, and interest in flow research is growing. However, to our best knowledge, no scoping review exists that takes a systematic look at studies on flow which were published between the years 2000 and 2016. Overall, 252 studies have been included in this review. Our review (1) provides a framework to cluster flow research, (2) gives a systematic overview about existing studies and their findings, and (3) provides an overview about implications for future research. The provided framework consists of three levels of flow research. In the first “Individual” level are the categories for personality, motivation, physiology, emotion, cognition, and behavior. The second “Contextual” level contains the categories for contextual and interindividual factors and the third “Cultural” level contains cultural factors that relate to flow. Using our framework, we systematically present the findings for each category. While flow research has made progress in understanding flow, in the future, more experimental and longitudinal studies are needed to gain deeper insights into the causal structure of flow and its antecedents and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Peifer
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gina Wolters
- Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - László Harmat
- Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
| | - Jean Heutte
- ULR 4354 - CIREL - Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Education de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jasmine Tan
- Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Freire
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Carla Fonte
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Jef van den Hout
- Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Milija Šimleša
- Institute of Psychology Henri Pieron, Université Paris 5 René Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Linda Pola
- Department of Cultural Heritage and Environment, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Ceja
- IESE Business School, University of Navarra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefano Triberti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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How feedback shapes flow experience in cognitive tasks: The role of locus of control and conscientiousness. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mao Y, Peng C, Liang Y, Yuan G, Ma J, Bonaiuto M. The Relationship Between Perceived Residential Environment Quality (PREQ) and Community Identity: Flow and Social Capital as Mediators. SOCIAL INDICATORS RESEARCH 2022; 163:771-797. [PMID: 35431400 PMCID: PMC8994697 DOI: 10.1007/s11205-022-02915-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The wide-spread novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) has posed severe challenges to people's life especially their life style. Due to the residential confinement contingency, people were restricted in their study, work and leisure within constrained residential community. The physical environment of residential community therefore became the main activity place and it thus played a significant role for facilitating inhabitants' daily activities and influencing community identity. Based on the eudaimonic identity theory, this study explored how the spatial dimensions of perceived residential environment quality (PREQ), activity experience (i.e., flow) and social capital, would impact on urbanities' residential community identity during Covid-19. Results from 508 Chinese residential inhabitants analyzed via structural equation modeling suggested that: a better degree in the spatial dimensions of PREQ would predict a stronger community identity; flow and social capital mediated the relationship between the spatial dimensions of PREQ and the inhabitants' community identity. The implications of such accounts for our understanding of community identity are then discussed, considering the important meaning of the relationships between people and the perceived physical properties of their residential place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Mao
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Psychological Research and Counseling Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 China
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang Univeisity, Hangzhou, 310028 China
| | - Chuanyu Peng
- School of Public Administration, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Public Administration, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 China
| | - Guoping Yuan
- School of Public Administration, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031 China
| | - Jianhong Ma
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Zhejiang Univeisity, Hangzhou, 310028 China
| | - Marino Bonaiuto
- CIRPA Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Psicologia Ambientale, Dipartimento di Psicologia dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
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15
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Wu J, Xie M, Lai Y, Mao Y, Harmat L. Flow as a Key Predictor of Subjective Well-Being Among Chinese University Students: A Chain Mediating Model. Front Psychol 2021; 12:743906. [PMID: 34867624 PMCID: PMC8636857 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.743906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated a conceptual model by testing flow experience and subjective well-being of university students during Coronavirus Diseas-19 (COVID-19) via considering their underlying mechanisms of academic self-efficacy and self-esteem. A total of 1,109 Chinese university students completed a questionnaire containing scales of subjective well-being, flow, academic self-efficacy, and self-esteem. Results yielded from the structural equation modeling analysis indicated a significant and positive association between flow experience and subjective well-being, and such an association was sequentially mediated by academic self-efficacy and self-esteem. Findings also provided empirical evidence for the proposed model highlighting the significant role of flow experience at the higher educational context in predicting subjective well-being of Chinese university students, and how such a relation can be supported by suggested mediating roles academic self-efficacy and self-esteem played.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- School of Foreign Languages, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Xie
- School of Foreign Languages, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Lai
- School of Economics and Management, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanhui Mao
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Psychological Research and Counseling Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Psychology and Behavior Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Laszlo Harmat
- Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
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16
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Albers T, Ariccio S, Weiss LA, Dessi F, Bonaiuto M. The Role of Place Attachment in Promoting Refugees' Well-Being and Resettlement: A Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111021. [PMID: 34769540 PMCID: PMC8582747 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Refugees are at great risk of developing mental health problems. Yet, little is known about how to optimally help this vulnerable group as there is a lack of evaluated refugee mental health interventions. The current article presents the results of a literature review which investigates the importance of place attachment for the promotion of refugees’ well-being in the resettlement process. This review concentrated on the most recent and current literature regarding the potential role, importance, and relevance of people–place bonds in the dynamic process of refugee resettlement. It examines literature from the field of positive and environmental psychology, highlighting key theoretical concepts and research findings as well as gaps in research. The review revealed that little is known about the dynamics of place bonding, while the debate rages on about the geometry of the psychological constructs of person–place relationships. Yet, knowing more about which needs should be satisfied for easing place bonding could be of crucial importance for facilitating refugee well-being. Ultimately, improving the knowledge and understanding of the phases of this dynamic process could be useful for a more successful implementation of refugee resettlement practices and activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Albers
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (F.D.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia Ariccio
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (F.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Laura A. Weiss
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Department of Social, Health and Organisational Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa
| | - Federica Dessi
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (F.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Marino Bonaiuto
- Department of Psychology of Developmental and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.A.); (F.D.); (M.B.)
- CIRPA–Interuniversity Research Centre of Environmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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17
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Burt I, Gonzalez T. Flow State as an Existential Tool to Increase Optimal Experience and Life Enjoyment. THE JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC COUNSELING 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/johc.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Burt
- Department of Counseling, Recreation, and School Psychology Florida International University
| | - Tiphanie Gonzalez
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services State University of New York Oswego
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18
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Moral Identity and Subjective Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Identity Commitment Quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189795. [PMID: 34574719 PMCID: PMC8465947 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Moral identity is associated with people’s subjective well-being; however, little is known about how an individual with moral identity relates to one’s subjective well-being. Based on the eudaimonic identity theory, the current study proposed that identity commitment quality is a critical mechanism that links moral identity (two dimensions: internalization and symbolization) and subjective well-being. We examined our hypotheses in 419 college students, who completed the Self-importance of Moral Identity Questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, and Questionnaire for Eudaimonic Well-being. Results confirmed significant positive correlations among moral identity, identity commitment quality, and subjective well-being; findings also suggested that both the internalization and symbolization dimensions of moral identity predicted subjective well-being through identity commitment quality, and identity commitment quality fully mediated the pathway relationship between moral identity and subjective well-being. We discussed these findings with respect to implications and proposed research suggestions for future studies.
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19
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Alexander R, Aragón OR, Bookwala J, Cherbuin N, Gatt JM, Kahrilas IJ, Kästner N, Lawrence A, Lowe L, Morrison RG, Mueller SC, Nusslock R, Papadelis C, Polnaszek KL, Helene Richter S, Silton RL, Styliadis C. The neuroscience of positive emotions and affect: Implications for cultivating happiness and wellbeing. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 121:220-249. [PMID: 33307046 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review paper provides an integrative account regarding neurophysiological correlates of positive emotions and affect that cumulatively contribute to the scaffolding for happiness and wellbeing in humans and other animals. This paper reviews the associations among neurotransmitters, hormones, brain networks, and cognitive functions in the context of positive emotions and affect. Consideration of lifespan developmental perspectives are incorporated, and we also examine the impact of healthy social relationships and environmental contexts on the modulation of positive emotions and affect. The neurophysiological processes that implement positive emotions are dynamic and modifiable, and meditative practices as well as flow states that change patterns of brain function and ultimately support wellbeing are also discussed. This review is part of "The Human Affectome Project" (http://neuroqualia.org/background.php), and in order to advance a primary aim of the Human Affectome Project, we also reviewed relevant linguistic dimensions and terminology that characterizes positive emotions and wellbeing. These linguistic dimensions are discussed within the context of the neuroscience literature with the overarching goal of generating novel recommendations for advancing neuroscience research on positive emotions and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Alexander
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia; Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Oriana R Aragón
- Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Clemson University, 252 Sirrine Hall, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Jamila Bookwala
- Department of Psychology and Program in Aging Studies, Lafayette College, 730 High Road, Easton, PA, USA
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health, and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Justine M Gatt
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia; School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Ian J Kahrilas
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Niklas Kästner
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Münster, Badestraße 13, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alistair Lawrence
- Scotland's Rural College, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, United Kingdom; The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Neuroqualia (NGO), Truro, NS, B2N 1X5, Canada
| | - Robert G Morrison
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Sven C Mueller
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Christos Papadelis
- Jane and John Justin Neurosciences Center, Cook Children's Health Care System, 1500 Cooper St, Fort Worth, TX, 76104, USA; Laboratory of Children's Brain Dynamics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly L Polnaszek
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - S Helene Richter
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Münster, Badestraße 13, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Rebecca L Silton
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, 1032 W. Sheridan Road, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA; Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, 633 N. Saint Clair, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Charis Styliadis
- Neuroscience of Cognition and Affection group, Lab of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
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20
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The subjective index of benefits in volunteering (SIBiV): an instrument to manage satisfaction and permanence in non-profit organizations. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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21
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Peng C, Yuan G, Mao Y, Wang X, Ma J, Bonaiuto M. Expanding Social, Psychological, and Physical Indicators of Urbanites' Life Satisfaction toward Residential Community: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010004. [PMID: 33374936 PMCID: PMC7792594 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Attention on, and interest in, life satisfaction has increased worldwide. However, research on life satisfaction focused toward the urban dwellers' residential community is mainly from western countries, and the limited research from China is solely focused on the geriatric population via a narrowly constrained research perspective. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate urbanites' life satisfaction toward their community, combining the psychological (behavioral community engagement, mental state of flow, and cognitive community identity), physical (PREQIs-perceived residential environment quality indicators: e.g., green area), and social perspectives (social capital). The proposed conceptual model was tested on a regionally representative sample of 508 urban community residents in the city of Chengdu, Sichuan province, China. Data were analyzed via a structure equation modelling approach in AMOS software. Findings suggested that all of the psychological, physical and social factors contributed to a prediction of life satisfaction. Specifically, social capital mediated the path from community engagement and flow to life satisfaction, and community identity mediated the path from flow experience and green area to life satisfaction. Additionally, social capital contributed to predict life satisfaction through its influence on community identity. Findings provide suggestions for urban designers and policymakers to focus on creating an urban community equipped with green area, which helps to promote physical activities that are flow-productive, to enhance residents' identification to their residential community and, therefore, increase life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Peng
- School of Public Affairs and Law, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (C.P.); (G.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Guoping Yuan
- School of Public Affairs and Law, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (C.P.); (G.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Yanhui Mao
- Psychological Research and Counseling Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Public Affairs and Law, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; (C.P.); (G.Y.); (X.W.)
| | - Jianhong Ma
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China;
| | - Marino Bonaiuto
- CIRPA—Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Psicologia Ambientale, Dipartimento di Psicologia dei Processi di Sviluppo e Socializzazione, Sapienza Universitá di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy;
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22
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Apple or Huawei: Understanding Flow, Brand Image, Brand Identity, Brand Personality and Purchase Intention of Smartphone. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12083391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The global use of smartphone has had tremendous social, environmental, and economic impacts in the last decade, and continues to grow impressively. In order to comprehend customers’ purchase behavior, it is crucial to understand the driving force behind their choice of one specific brand among various competitors. A few prior researches have demonstrated that not only the optimal experience of flow, but also identity features (i.e., self-identity, social identity, brand identity) facilitate a customer’s purchase intention. Previous studies also indicate that brand-related constructs (e.g., typically brand image but sometimes also brand personality and communication) predict purchase intention. As the first study combining flow, which focuses on investigating the consumer purchase behavior through identity and brand-related constructs, we propose a conceptual model that combines flow theory, brand image, brand communication, brand identity, and brand personality to investigate purchase intention. We have empirically tested the conceptual model based on the data collected from 1377 Chinese smartphone users. Results via the structural equation modeling with AMOS software indicated that flow experience, brand image, brand communication, brand personality, and brand identity all directly or indirectly explain purchase intention. Flow experience serves a critical role in mediating the path from brand communication, brand personality, and brand identity to purchase intention. The research focuses on the strategic implication of the various brand features management and aims to harmonize economic, social, and environmental sustainability.
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23
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Can Flow Alleviate Anxiety? The Roles of Academic Self-Efficacy and Self-Esteem in Building Psychological Sustainability and Resilience. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12072987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of studies suggest that flow experience is associated with life satisfaction, eudaimonic well-being, and the perceived strength of one’s social and place identity. However, little research has placed emphasis on flow and its relations with negative experiences such as anxiety. The current study investigated the relations between flow and anxiety by considering the roles of self-esteem and academic self-efficacy. The study sample included 590 Chinese university students, who were asked to complete a self-report questionnaire on flow, anxiety, self-esteem, and academic self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS software, in which both factorial analysis and path analysis were performed. Results revealed that the experience of flow negatively predicted anxiety, and both self-esteem and academic self-efficacy fully mediated the path between flow and anxiety. Specifically, self-esteem played a crucial and complete mediating role in this relationship, while academic self-efficacy mediated the path between self-esteem and anxiety. Our findings enrich the literature on flow experience and help with identifying practical considerations for buffering anxiety and more broadly with fostering strategies for promoting psychological sustainability and resilience.
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24
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Abuhamdeh S. Investigating the "Flow" Experience: Key Conceptual and Operational Issues. Front Psychol 2020; 11:158. [PMID: 32116954 PMCID: PMC7033418 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The “flow” experience (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975) has been the focus of a large body of empirical work spanning more than four decades. Nevertheless, advancement in understanding – beyond what Csikszentmihalyi uncovered during his initial breakthrough in 1975 – has been modest. In this conceptual analysis, it is argued that progress within the field has been impeded by a lack of consistency in how flow is operationalized, and that this inconsistency in part reflects an underlying confusion regarding what flow is. Flow operationalizations from papers published within the past 5 years are reviewed. Across the 42 reviewed studies, flow was operationalized in 24 distinct ways. Three specific points of inconsistency are then highlighted: (1) inconsistences in operationalizing flow as a continuous versus discrete construct, (2) inconsistencies in operationalizing flow as inherently enjoyable (i.e., “autotelic”) or not, and (3) inconsistencies in operationalizing flow as dependent on versus distinct from the task characteristics proposed to elicit it (i.e., the conditions/antecedents). After tracing the origins of these discrepancies, the author argues that, in the interest of conceptual intelligibility, flow should be conceptualized and operationalized exclusively as a discrete, highly enjoyable, “optimal” state of consciousness, and that this state should be clearly distinguished from the conditions proposed to elicit it. He suggests that more mundane instances of goal-directed engagement are better conceived and operationalized as variations in task involvement rather than variations in flow. Additional ways to achieve greater conceptual and operational consistency within the field are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Abuhamdeh
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Şehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Fornara F, Lai AE, Bonaiuto M, Pazzaglia F. Residential Place Attachment as an Adaptive Strategy for Coping With the Reduction of Spatial Abilities in Old Age. Front Psychol 2019; 10:856. [PMID: 31105618 PMCID: PMC6499156 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study intended to test whether attachment to one's own residential place at neighborhood level could represent a coping response for the elderly (consistently with the "docility hypothesis;" Lawton, 1982), when dealing with the demands of unfamiliar environments, in order to balance their reduction of spatial abilities. Specifically, a sequential path was tested, in which neighborhood attachment was expected to play a buffer role between lowered spatial competence and neighborhood satisfaction. The participants (N = 264), senior citizens (over 65-year-old), responded to a questionnaire including the measures of spatial self-efficacy, spatial anxiety, attitude toward wayfinding, residential attachment and residential satisfaction. Results from the mediation analysis showed that a lower perceived spatial self-efficacy is associated to a higher spatial anxiety, and both promote a more negative attitude toward wayfinding tasks in non-familiar places. This leads to a higher attachment to one's own neighborhood, which in turn predicts a higher residential satisfaction. Thus, the "closure" response of becoming more attached to their residential place may be an adaptive strategy of the elderly for compensating the Person-Environment (P-E) mis-fit (Lawton and Nahemow, 1973) when they feel unable (or less able) to cope with the demands of unfamiliar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Fornara
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Interuniversity Research Center in Environmental Psychology (CIRPA), Rome, Italy
| | - Amanda Elizabeth Lai
- Center for Research in Psychology, Autonomous University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marino Bonaiuto
- Interuniversity Research Center in Environmental Psychology (CIRPA), Rome, Italy
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pazzaglia
- Interuniversity Research Center in Environmental Psychology (CIRPA), Rome, Italy
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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26
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Habe K, Biasutti M, Kajtna T. Flow and Satisfaction With Life in Elite Musicians and Top Athletes. Front Psychol 2019; 10:698. [PMID: 30984086 PMCID: PMC6450199 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although flow has been studied extensively in music and sport, there is a lack of research comparing these two domains. With the aim of filling this gap, elite musicians and top athletes in Slovenia were contrasted in the current study. Differences for flow and satisfaction with life between elite musicians and top athletes were explored. Individual versus group performance setting and gender differences were considered. 452 participants; 114 elite Slovenian musicians (mean age 23.46 years) and 338 top Slovenian athletes (mean age 22.40 years) answered questions about flow and satisfaction with life measures. The results show differences between elite musicians and top athletes in four flow dimensions: transformation of time and autotelic experience were higher in musicians while clear goals and unambiguous feedback were higher in athletes. However, differences in global flow were not confirmed. Elite musicians and top athletes experienced flow more often in group than in individual performance settings and surprisingly it was experienced more in male than in female top performers. Satisfaction with life has a positive correlation with all nine dimensions of flow, but only challenge-skill balance was a significant predictor for satisfaction with life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Habe
- Academy of Music, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Tanja Kajtna
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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27
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Pérez-Tejera F, Valera S, Anguera MT. Using Systematic Observation and Polar Coordinates Analysis to Assess Gender-Based Differences in Park Use in Barcelona. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2299. [PMID: 30542307 PMCID: PMC6277760 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to assess gender differences in the usage of public open spaces (POS), as an everyday context. Forty POS in the city of Barcelona were studied over 3 months using systematic observation. To objectively measure park use, an observational instrument (EXOdES) was purposely designed combining a field format and several category systems. The instrument facilitated the record of configurations or co-occurrences of codes from different dimensions (i.g., time of day, age, race/ethnicity, activity setting, activity, and presence of vehicles), providing contextually rich data of more than 35,000 individuals and groups and the setting in which the activity occurs. Although a similar overall proportion of males and females were found using POS (55 vs. 45%), important differences by gender were found between people being alone (66 vs. 34%), and groups (53 vs. 47%). To identify regular patterns in the way that men and women use public parks, information on more than 18,000 groups of people was analyzed as a global data set. A multievent sequential analysis was performed considering gender composition as the given behaviors (i.e., groups of males, females, and gendered mixed). Thus, polar coordinates analysis was also performed, because it is a suitable reduction data technique in studies with a broad observational instrument and a large database. Results show important gendered and cultural differences in POS use. Women tend to reproduce traditional gender role, being often more engaged in care functions with children and elders rather than in any other activity or with people of their same age group. Of particular concern is the gap on park use observed in women of ethnic minority groups. Assessing specific group needs on park use is particularly relevant attending to their multiple health and social benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Pérez-Tejera
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Social Environmental and Organizational Psychology Research Group (PsicoSAO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Valera
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Social Environmental and Organizational Psychology Research Group (PsicoSAO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Teresa Anguera
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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