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Özkan E, Altuntaş O. Effects of online coping skills training on stress, anxiety and social problem solving in young people: A randomised controlled study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024:207640241239539. [PMID: 38563408 DOI: 10.1177/00207640241239539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most young people successfully manage the transition from childhood to adulthood, the speed and magnitude of these changes can cause stress that can exceed the coping abilities of many young people. Previous studies have suggested that adolescence is a vulnerable period for the development of psychiatric disorders; therefore, an adequate coping repertoire must be developed. AIMS Our aims were to develop and implement a coping skills training for young people and to evaluate the results of the training. Therefore, the components of the coping skills training programs in the existing literature were used. METHODS Young people from Turkey participated in this cluster randomised controlled trial (n = 89; mean age, 20.06 ± 1.44 years). Ten sessions of the coping skills training were applied in the study group (SG; n = 33), and one session was applied in the control group (CG; n = 56). To assess the effects of the coping skills training, all participants completed several psychological questionnaires (for stress, anxiety, coping and social problem-solving evaluations) at the beginning and end of the training. We performed an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). In cases where ANCOVA assumptions could not be met, the efficacy of the intervention was determined using the mixed design/split-plot analysis of variance. RESULTS Compared with the CG, the SG had significantly reduced stress and anxiety levels and increased adaptive coping skills. Social problem-solving skills remained relatively similar between the groups. CONCLUSION Complete and correct implementation of coping skills training among the youth may contribute positively to the development of adaptive coping skills by reducing their stress and anxiety levels. This online coping skills training program allowed young people to directly experience their response to stress and offered opportunities to try and develop different coping strategies. Coping skills should be considered for successful stress and anxiety management in everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Özkan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onur Altuntaş
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
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McCleery A, Wynn JK, Novacek DM, Reavis EA, Senturk D, Sugar CA, Tsai J, Green MF. The impact of psychological strengths on Veteran populations' mental health trajectories during the COVID-19 pandemic. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:111-120. [PMID: 37314492 PMCID: PMC10719422 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental health trajectories during the COVID-19 pandemic have been examined in Veterans with tenuous social connections, i.e., those with recent homelessness (RHV) or a psychotic disorder (PSY), and in control Veterans (CTL). We test potential moderating effects on these trajectories by psychological factors that may help individuals weather the socio-emotional challenges associated with the pandemic (i.e., 'psychological strengths'). METHODS We assessed 81 PSY, 76 RHV, and 74 CTL over 5 periods between 05/2020 and 07/2021. Mental health outcomes (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, contamination concerns, loneliness) were assessed at each period, and psychological strengths (i.e., a composite score based on tolerance of uncertainty, performance beliefs, coping style, resilience, perceived stress) were assessed at the initial assessment. Generalized models tested fixed and time-varying effects of a composite psychological strengths score on clinical trajectories across samples and within each group. RESULTS Psychological strengths had a significant effect on trajectories for each outcome (ps < 0.05), serving to ameliorate changes in mental health symptoms. The timing of this effect varied across outcomes, with early effects for depression and anxiety, later effects for loneliness, and sustained effects for contamination concerns. A significant time-varying effect of psychological strengths on depressive symptoms was evident in RHV and CTL, anxious symptoms in RHV, contamination concerns in PSY and CTL, and loneliness in CTL (ps < 0.05). CONCLUSION Across vulnerable and non-vulnerable Veterans, presence of psychological strengths buffered against exacerbations in clinical symptoms. The timing of the effect varied across outcomes and by group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda McCleery
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Jonathan K Wynn
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- VA Rehabilitation R&D Center on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Derek M Novacek
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- VA Rehabilitation R&D Center on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric A Reavis
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- VA Rehabilitation R&D Center on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Damla Senturk
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine A Sugar
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jack Tsai
- VA National Center on Homelessness Among Veterans, Washington, DC, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael F Green
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- VA Rehabilitation R&D Center on Enhancing Community Integration for Homeless Veterans, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Keinert M, Eskofier BM, Schuller BW, Böhme S, Berking M. Evaluating the feasibility and exploring the efficacy of an emotion-based approach-avoidance modification training (eAAMT) in the context of perceived stress in an adult sample - protocol of a parallel randomized controlled pilot study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:155. [PMID: 37679797 PMCID: PMC10483707 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress levels and thus the risk of developing related physical and mental health conditions are rising worldwide. Dysfunctional beliefs contribute to the development of stress. Potentially, such beliefs can be modified with approach-avoidance modification trainings (AAMT). As previous research indicates that effects of AAMTs are small, there is a need for innovative ways of increasing the efficacy of these interventions. For this purpose, we aim to evaluate the feasibility of the intervention and study design and explore the efficacy of an innovative emotion-based AAMT version (eAAMT) that uses the display of emotions to move stress-inducing beliefs away from and draw stress-reducing beliefs towards oneself. METHODS We will conduct a parallel randomized controlled pilot study at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. Individuals with elevated stress levels will be randomized to one of eight study conditions (n = 10 per condition) - one of six variants of the eAAMT, an active control intervention (swipe-based AAMT), or an inactive control condition. Participants in the intervention groups will engage in four sessions of 20-30 min (e)AAMT training on consecutive days. Participants in the inactive control condition will complete the assessments via an online tool. Non-blinded assessments will be taken directly before and after the training and 1 week after training completion. The primary outcome will be perceived stress. Secondary outcomes will be dysfunctional beliefs, symptoms of depression, emotion regulation skills, and physiological stress measures. We will compute effect sizes and conduct mixed ANOVAs to explore differences in change in outcomes between the eAAMT and control conditions. DISCUSSION The study will provide valuable information to improve the intervention and study design. Moreover, if shown to be effective, the approach can be used as an automated smartphone-based intervention. Future research needs to identify target groups benefitting from this intervention utilized either as stand-alone treatment or an add-on intervention that is combined with other evidence-based treatments. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial has been registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien; DRKS00023007 ; September 7, 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Keinert
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91052, Germany.
| | - Bjoern M Eskofier
- Machine Learning and Data Analytics Lab, Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Björn W Schuller
- Chair of Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- GLAM, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Böhme
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91052, Germany
- Chair for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Matthias Berking
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91052, Germany
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Romero-Gonzalez B, Lozano-Ruiz A, Puertas-Gonzalez JA, Mariño-Narvaez C, Peralta-Ramirez MI. Symptoms of Anxiety in Mothers During the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Structural Equation Model Approach. JOURNAL OF FAMILY ISSUES 2023; 44:1756-1772. [PMID: 37293432 PMCID: PMC10240295 DOI: 10.1177/0192513x211064861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 global pandemic has forced millions of people to stay confined at home, increasing symptoms of anxiety and stress levels. Women who are also mothers, for their part, not only face the demands of motherhood but must combine working life with family life locked down in their homes. Main objective was to develop an explanatory model of the psychological consequences of COVID-19 and parental and perceived stress in mothers. A total of 261 mothers were evaluated coinciding with the lockdown imposed by the Spanish Government. The model displayed adequate indices and it was found that symptoms of anxiety in mothers increased the levels of perceived stress. The model allows to understand the close relationships between the psychological consequences of lockdown and stress in mothers. Understanding these relationships will help to prepare and direct psychological interventions in this population in the case of a possible new surge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Romero-Gonzalez
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Education, Campus Duques de Soria, University of Valladolid, Soria, Spain
| | | | - Jose A. Puertas-Gonzalez
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Maria Isabel Peralta-Ramirez
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Laufer S, Schulze L, Engel S, Klusmann H, Skoluda N, Nater UM, Knaevelsrud C, Schumacher S. The effect of an internet-based intervention for depression on cortisol and alpha-amylase. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 152:106082. [PMID: 36989562 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychotherapeutic interventions for major depressive disorder (MDD) have been suggested to be associated with a normalization of biological stress system (i.e., the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the autonomic nervous system) dysregulation. Furthermore, pre-intervention cortisol parameters have been identified as prescriptive biological markers of treatment success. However, evidence of treatment effects on the biological stress systems is still sparse, and results are heterogeneous. The current study examined the effect of an internet-based intervention for MDD on salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase as well as hair cortisol concentrations. Moreover, the prescriptive capacity of pre-intervention cortisol and alpha-amylase concentrations on treatment response was explored. METHODS Thirty-eight participants suffering from mild to moderate MDD collected saliva and hair samples throughout the intervention. Biological outcome parameters were salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase (awakening response, total diurnal output, diurnal slope) and hair cortisol concentrations. Treatment response was indicated by change in depression severity and perceived chronic stress. RESULTS Treatment response on depression scores or chronic stress was not associated with changes in any of the cortisol or alpha-amylase parameters. Exploratory analysis indicated that non-responders showed a steeper alpha-amylase slope pre-intervention. DISCUSSION The results indicate that changes in depressive symptoms did not correspond to changes of the biological stress systems, contradicting the suggested normalization of dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or autonomic nervous system activity through a psychotherapeutic intervention. However, the results point to a potential role of pre-intervention alpha-amylase slope as a prescriptive marker of treatment response for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Laufer
- Clinical Psychological Intervention, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendener Straße 27, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute for Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine, Faculty of Health, HMU Health and Medical University, Olympischer Weg 1, 14471 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Lars Schulze
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sinha Engel
- Clinical Psychological Intervention, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendener Straße 27, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannah Klusmann
- Clinical Psychological Intervention, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendener Straße 27, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Skoluda
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria; Research Platform the Stress of Life (SOLE) - Processes and Mechanisms underlying Everyday Life Stress, Austria
| | - Urs M Nater
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, 1010 Vienna, Austria; Research Platform the Stress of Life (SOLE) - Processes and Mechanisms underlying Everyday Life Stress, Austria
| | - Christine Knaevelsrud
- Clinical Psychological Intervention, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendener Straße 27, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Schumacher
- Clinical Psychological Intervention, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendener Straße 27, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute for Mental Health and Behavioral Medicine, Faculty of Health, HMU Health and Medical University, Olympischer Weg 1, 14471 Potsdam, Germany
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Jiménez-Vaquero C, Alonso-Dominguez R, Garcia-Yu IA, Martín-Nogueras AM, Sánchez-Aguadero N, Crespo-Sedano A, Rihuete-Galve MI, García-Alonso MA, García-Prieto ML, González-Sánchez J, Recio JI. Analysis of the determinants of sleep quality in a Spanish population: a study protocol for a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069444. [PMID: 36889827 PMCID: PMC10008228 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep problems are a growing public health concern being related, among others, to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases or worse cognitive functioning. In addition, they can affect aspects related to personal motivation and quality of life. However, very few studies have analysed the possible determinants of sleep quality in the adult population as a whole, establishing patterns based on these determinants.The objectives are to evaluate the determinants of sleep quality in a representative sample of the general adult population between 25 and 65 years old, and to establish patterns of sleep quality based on lifestyles, psychological factors, morbidities, sociodemographic variables, biological markers and other possible determinants. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Descriptive observational cross-sectional study. The study population will include a representative sample of 500 people between 25 and 65 years old from the cities of Salamanca and Ávila (Spain) selected by random sampling stratified by age groups and sex. A 90-minute visit will be performed, during which sleep quality will be assessed. The variables collected will be: morbidity, lifestyles (physical activity, diet, toxic habits), psychological factors (depression, stress, occupational stress and anxiety), socioeconomic and work-related variables, habitability conditions of the habitual residence and rest area, screen time, relaxation techniques and melatonin as a biological marker related to sleep quality. DISCUSSION With the results of this work, improved interventions for behaviour modification could be designed, as well as intervention and education programmes or other research aimed at improving sleep quality. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has a favourable opinion from the Ethics Committee for Drug Research of the Health Areas of Salamanca and Ávila (CEim Code: PI 2021 07 815). The results of this study will be published in international impact journals of different specialties. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05324267.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosario Alonso-Dominguez
- Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salamanca, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | - Natalia Sánchez-Aguadero
- Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salamanca, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Jesús González-Sánchez
- Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salamanca, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José-Ignacio Recio
- Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salamanca, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Connors K, Flores-Torres MH, Cortés-Valencia A, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Cantú-Brito C, Rodriguez B, Lajous M, Valdimarsdóttir U, Catzin-Kuhlmann A. Serious Financial Difficulties, Psychological Stress, and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Mexican Women. Ann Epidemiol 2022; 71:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Taubert H, Schroeter ML, Sander C, Kluge M. Non-Right Handedness is Associated with More Time Awake After Sleep Onset and Higher Daytime Sleepiness Than Right Handedness: Objective (Actigraphic) and Subjective Data from a Large Community Sample. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:877-890. [PMID: 35547181 PMCID: PMC9084907 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s358352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Handedness has been linked to various physiological and pathological phenomena including memory function and psychiatric disorders. Also for sleep, several studies have reported associations. However, large-scale studies including a broad age span of participants and studies analyzing women and men separately are lacking. METHODS Therefore, objective sleep data were determined using at-home actigraphy from 1764 healthy participants (18 to 80 years, 908 women), averaging five consecutive nights. In addition, subjective sleep-related data were captured by self-report diaries, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the Morningness-Eveningness-Questionnaire (MEQ). Handedness was determined with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (EHI) providing information on the direction (left vs right) and the degree of handedness (strong vs weak). To address the potential endocrine effects, premenopausal women (≤45 years) and postmenopausal women (≥55 years) were analyzed separately. This was also done for men. RESULTS The degree and direction of handedness were correlated with "wake after sleep onset" (WASO) in the total sample and all women (the more right-handed/lateralized the shorter WASO). In postmenopausal women, additionally, time in bed (TIB) and total sleep time (TST) were correlated. There were no other significant associations between an objective sleep variable and handedness. In both premenopausal women and >55-year-old men subjective quality of sleep (PSQI) was correlated with direction and degree of handedness (the more right-handed/lateralized the better). In the total sample and postmenopausal women, the degree and direction of handedness were negatively correlated with daytime sleepiness. The chronotype was not associated with handedness in any group. CONCLUSION While associations were not consistent in all groups, overall, right-handedness tended to be associated with better sleep and less daytime sleepiness. Handedness and sleep seemed to be differentially associated in women and men, being in line with endocrine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Taubert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias L Schroeter
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Sander
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Kluge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Homayuni A, Hosseini Z, Abedini S. Explaining stress coping behaviors in patients with multiple sclerosis based on the PRECEDE model: a qualitative directed content analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:631. [PMID: 34930184 PMCID: PMC8686275 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03643-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress can be regarded as one of the consequences of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and a factor in exacerbating or recurring the symptoms resulting from the disease. This study aimed to explain the stress coping behaviors in patients with MS based on the PRECEDE model. METHODS This study is a qualitative directed content analysis research based on the PRECEDE model. Data were obtained through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 26 patients with MS, who were selected using a purposive sampling and maximum diversity in terms of gender, age, education, marital status, and employment. Data collection continued until the saturation occurred. Simultaneously, collected data were analyzed using a qualitative directed content analysis method. RESULTS Data analysis led to the identification of 11 sub-categories. Of these, 10 sub-categories were assigned to three categories of predisposing factors (awareness, attitude, self-efficacy, and perceived severity), enabling factors (existence of resources, access to resources, skills of using resources, and educational preferences), and reinforcing factors (social support, important others and behavioral consequences). The social comparison category was a new category identified from the analysis of interviews. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, individual, environmental and social factors play a role in the stress of these patients. Designing programs that lead to their empowerment and improvements in the environmental and social conditions can be effective in controlling stress in these patients. Based on the results, planners can adopt the most appropriate strategies to change these determinants, help reduce stress, and promote the psychological standard of living in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Homayuni
- grid.412237.10000 0004 0385 452XStudent Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Health Promotion and Education, Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Sedigheh Abedini
- grid.412237.10000 0004 0385 452XHealth Promotion and Education, Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Ghasemi Bahraseman Z, Mangolian Shahrbabaki P, Nouhi E. The impact of stress management training on stress-related coping strategies and self-efficacy in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:177. [PMID: 34758875 PMCID: PMC8582209 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dialysis causes many psychological and social problems, such as stress and inefficiency in patients, which should be considered in health promotion interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of stress management training on stress coping strategies and the self-efficacy of these patients in southeastern Iran.
Methods This quasi-experimental study was a randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on hemodialysis patients from December 2019 to January 2020. Patients who met inclusion criteria were selected with the convenience sampling method and divided into the two groups of intervention (n = 30) and control (n = 30) by using the block randomization method. Participants in the intervention group were trained in a stress management training program in 8 one-and-a-half-hour sessions, held twice a week. Data were measured with stress coping strategies and general self-efficacy questionnaires before, immediately, and 1 month after the intervention. SPSS18 was used for data analysis. Results The study results showed that the scores of stress coping strategies and the self-efficacy score in all their dimensions were significantly different between the intervention and control groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion The present study results showed that stress management training programs promoted stress coping strategies and self-efficacy in hemodialysis patients. Health planners and nurses are recommended to use these easy, feasible, and inexpensive interventions to reduce stress and increase self-efficacy. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT20160914029817N10. Date of registration: October 7, 2021. URL: https://en.irct.ir/trial/58540. Registration timing: a retrospective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parvin Mangolian Shahrbabaki
- Department of critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Esmat Nouhi
- Department of critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. .,Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway, PO Box 7716913555, Kerman, Iran.
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Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Martínez-Luna SC, Hernández Jiménez MJ, De La Rosa-Gómez A, Arenas-Landgrave P, Esquivel Santoveña EE, Arzola-Sánchez C, Alvarez Silva J, Solis Nicolas AM, Colmenero Guadián AM, Ramírez-Martínez FR, Vargas ROC. A Self-Applied Multi-Component Psychological Online Intervention Based on UX, for the Prevention of Complicated Grief Disorder in the Mexican Population During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Protocol of a Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Psychol 2021; 12:644782. [PMID: 33854466 PMCID: PMC8039460 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 has taken many lives worldwide and due to this, millions of persons are in grief. When the grief process lasts longer than 6 months, the person is in risk of developing Complicated Grief Disorder (CGD). The CGD is related to serious health consequences. To reduce the probability of developing CGD a preventive intervention could be applied. In developing countries like Mexico, the psychological services are scarce, self-applied interventions could provide support to solve this problem and reduce the health impact even after the pandemic has already finished. Aims: To design and implement a self-applied intervention composed of 12 modules focused on the decrease of the risk of developing CGD, and increasing the life quality, and as a secondary objective to reduce the symptomatology of anxiety, depression, and increase of sleep quality. The Intervention Duelo COVID (Grief COVID) follows the principles of User Experience (UX) and is designed according to the needs and desires of a sample of the objective participants, to increase the adherence to the self-applied intervention, considered one of the main weaknesses of online interventions. Methods: A Randomized Controlled Trial will be conducted from the 22nd of December of 2020 to the first of June 2021. The participants will be assigned to an intervention with elements of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness and Positive Psychology. The control group will be a wait-list condition, that will receive the intervention 1.5–2 months after the pre-measurement were taken. The Power Size Calculation conducted through G*Power indicated the need for a total of 42 participants, which will be divided by 21 participants in each group. The platform will be delivered through responsive design assuring with this that the intervention will adapt to the screen size of cellphones, tablets, and computers. Ethics and Dissemination: The study counts with the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, México, and it is registered in Clinical Trials (NCT04638842). The article is sent and registered in clinical trials before the recruitment started. The results will be reported in future conferences, scientific publications, and media.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anabel De La Rosa-Gómez
- Iztacala College of Higher Education, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Carlos Arzola-Sánchez
- Department of Social Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Mexico
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Zhang X, Zou R, Liao X, Bernardo ABI, Du H, Wang Z, Cheng Y, He Y. Perceived Stress, Hope, and Health Outcomes Among Medical Staff in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:588008. [PMID: 33584363 PMCID: PMC7873910 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.588008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the buffering role of hope between perceived stress and health outcomes among front-line medical staff treating patients with suspected COVID-19 infection in Shenzhen, China. In the cross-sectional study with online questionnaires, medical staff's perceived stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and hope were measured by the 10-item Chinese Perceived Stress Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Locus-of-Hope Scale, respectively. A total of 319 eligible front-line medical staff participated. The prevalence of anxiety (29.70%), depression (28.80%), poor sleep quality (38.90%) indicated that a considerable proportion of medical staff experienced mood and sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic. Internal locus-of-hope significantly moderated the effects of stress on anxiety, depression, and sleep quality. Moreover, external family locus-of-hope and external peer locus-of-hope significantly moderated the association between perceived stress and depression. The prevalence of symptoms indicates that both mental and physical health outcomes of front-line medical staff deserve more attention. Internal and external locus-of-hope functioned differently as protective factors for medical staffs' health and might be promising targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Medical Humanities, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring, Department of Psychology, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxing Liao
- The Emergency and Disaster Rescue Medical Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Hongfei Du
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhechen Wang
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Department of Medical Humanities, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulong He
- Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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