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Fonseca-Baeza S, García-Alandete J, Marco JH, Pérez Rodríguez S, Baños RM, Guillén V. Difficulties in emotional regulation mediates the impact of burden on quality of life and mental health in a sample of family members of people diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1270379. [PMID: 38054179 PMCID: PMC10694221 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1270379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although it has been suggested that family members of persons suffering from Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) endure high levels of burden, however, the process and the impact of this burden in their lives, and specifically the relation between the burden and emotional regulation has not been broadly investigated among this population. The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of burden on quality of life and depression, anxiety and stress, as mediated by difficulties in emotional regulation in family members of persons diagnosed with BPD. Method Participants were 167 family members of persons diagnosed with BPD. The Burden Assessment Scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Multicultural Quality of Life Index, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 were filled out. Mediation analysis was conducted using the Maximum Likelihood estimator, bootstrap method and listwise deletion for missing data. Results Burden showed a significant, negative effect on quality of life and positive on depression, anxiety and stress. Difficulties in emotion regulation significantly mediated these relations. After accounting for the mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation, burden still had an impact on quality of life, depression, anxiety and stress. Women showed a higher level in both burden and stress than men. The caregivers with secondary and higher studies showed higher levels in burden than those with no studies. Not significant differences in burden, emotion regulation, depression, anxiety and stress were found related to marital status. Conclusion Difficulties in emotion regulation mediate the relations between burden and quality of life, depression, anxiety, and stress. Family members could engage in group interventions designed specifically for family members of people with BPD, oriented toward understanding the disorder or learning skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fonseca-Baeza
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquín García-Alandete
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Heliodoro Marco
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez Rodríguez
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Baños
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Guillén
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
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García-Alandete J, Fernández-Felipe I, Fonseca-Baeza S, Fernández I, Pérez S, Marco JH, Guillén V. Spanish adaptation of the Burden Assessment Scale in family caregivers of people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 2023; 10:6. [PMID: 36800981 PMCID: PMC9940418 DOI: 10.1186/s40479-023-00211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregiving is a strong source of stress and leads the family caregiver to experience the burden of being responsible for the care of a severely mentally ill family member. The Burden Assessment Scale (BAS) assesses burden in family caregivers. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the BAS in a sample of family caregivers of people diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). METHODS Participants were 233 Spanish family caregivers (157 women and 76 men aged between 16-76 years old, M = 54.44, SD = 10.09) of people diagnosed with BPD. The BAS, the Multicultural Quality of Life Index, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 were used. RESULTS An exploratory analysis resulted in a three-factor 16-item model (Disrupted Activities; Personal and Social Dysfunction; Worry, Guilt, and Being Overwhelmed) with an excellent fit (χ2(101) = 56.873, p = 1.000, CFI = 1.000, TLI = 1.000, RMSEA = .000, SRMR = .060), good internal consistency (ω = .93), a negative correlation with quality of life, and a positive correlation with anxiety, depression, and stress. CONCLUSION The model obtained for the BAS is a valid, reliable, and useful tool for assessing burden in family caregivers of relatives diagnosed with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín García-Alandete
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Isabel Fernández-Felipe
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I, Avda. Vicent Sos Baynat, S/N. 12071, Castellón de La Plana, Spain
| | - Sara Fonseca-Baeza
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández
- Department of Behavioral Sciences Methodology, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21. 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - José H Marco
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology, Obesity and Nutrition (CB06/03), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Guillén
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology, Obesity and Nutrition (CB06/03), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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